Relevant bibliographies by topics / AIDS epidemiology

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'AIDS epidemiology'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 7 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "AIDS epidemiology"

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Bennett, Jo Anne. "AIDS: Epidemiology Update." American Journal of Nursing 85, no. 9 (September 1985): 968. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3425168.

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Todd, Charles. "HIV/AIDS epidemiology." Lancet 356, no. 9238 (October 2000): 1357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(05)74270-7.

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Wood, Evan, Paula Braitstein, Julio SG Montaner, Michael V. O'Shaughnessy, and Robert S. Hogg. "HIV/AIDS epidemiology." Lancet 356, no. 9238 (October 2000): 1357–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(05)74271-9.

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Johnstone, J. R. "Epidemiology of AIDS." Medical Journal of Australia 147, no. 4 (August 1987): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1987.tb133375.x.

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Whyte, Bruce M. "Epidemiology of AIDS." Medical Journal of Australia 147, no. 4 (August 1987): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1987.tb133376.x.

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WILSON, ROGER. "Epidemiology of AIDS." Optometry and Vision Science 72, no. 5 (May 1995): 294–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006324-199505000-00002.

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Lange, Nicholas, N. P. Jewell, K. Dietz, and V. T. Farewell. "AIDS Epidemiology: Methodological Issues." Journal of the American Statistical Association 88, no. 424 (December 1993): 1473. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2291304.

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Sabatier, R. C. "AIDS, EPIDEMIOLOGY, AND AFRICA." Lancet 330, no. 8556 (August 1987): 458–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(87)90999-8.

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Willoughby, Anne. "AIDS in Women: Epidemiology." Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology 32, no. 3 (September 1989): 429–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003081-198909000-00005.

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Lamm, Steven H. "EPIDEMIOLOGY OF AIDS: AN OVERVIEW OF AIDS EPIDEMIOLOGY AND MAJOR MODES OF TRANSMISSION." American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal 51, no. 11 (November 1990): A—742—A—746. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15298669091370239.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "AIDS epidemiology"

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Labeodan, Moremi Morire OreOluwapo. "Stochastic analysis of AIDS epidemiology." Thesis, Pretoria : [s.l.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-10172009-112824.

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De, Angelis Daniela. "Statistical methods in AIDS epidemiology." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.614931.

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Abati, Paulo Afonso Martins. "Análise do perfil sociodemográfico, clínico e laboratorial de pessoas com mais de 13 anos vivendo com HIV/AIDS no oeste do Pará e tendências de incidência de AIDS em Santarém." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5134/tde-27032013-103812/.

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A infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana na Amazônia tem-se mostrado como um dos mais recentes desafios para o enfrentamento da epidemia de HIV/aids no Brasil. Estudos epidemiológicos baseados em dados de incidência mostram tendência de crescimento da epidemia na região Norte do país. O Serviço de Assistência Especializada de Santarém é referência em assistência às pessoas com HIV/aids de 25 municípios das mesorregiões do baixo Amazonas e sudoeste do Pará. Os objetivos do presente trabalho consistem em descrever as características sociodemográficas, clínicas e laboratoriais de pessoas vivendo com HIV à admissão nesse serviço de referência, comparando-as entre os períodos: 1999 a 2002(P1), 2003 a 2006(P2) e 2007 a 2010(P3) e analisar as tendências de incidência de aids em Santarém entre 1999 e 2010. As informações referentes às variáveis de interesse foram obtidas em revisão de prontuários. Foram calculados os coeficientes de incidência padronizados a partir dos casos notificados de aids em Santarém, obtidos em bases de dados nacionais e locais. A análise de tendência de incidência foi realizada por modelos de regressão polinomial. A maioria dos 527 sujeitos (62,4%) foi admitida em P3, com 24,1% e 13,5% em P2 e P1, respectivamente. Observou-se aumento significativo da participação de indivíduos não procedentes de Santarém em P3 em comparação a P1. Verificou-se diferença significativa entre os sexos com relação ao motivo de realização da testagem pelo fato do conhecimento da soropositividade do parceiro ter motivado a testagem entre as mulheres em P1 e P2. Enquanto a presença de sinais e sintomas sugestivos de HIV/aids motivou o teste em homens durante todo o período avaliado. Houve redução significativa das medianas de linfócitos T CD4+ à admissão em P3, em relação a P1 e P2. Foram notificados 336 casos novos de aids em Santarém no período de 1999 a 2010. Foi encontrada tendência significativa de crescimento da epidemia em Santarém em ambos os sexos, e nas categorias de exposição ao HIV heterossexual e homo/bissexual no sexo masculino. O crescimento da demanda assistencial no serviço de Santarém, com incremento do número de pacientes procedentes de municípios menores e, admitidos em estadios tardios da infecção, associada à tendência de crescimento de incidência de aids em Santarém no período estudado, sugerem que as intervenções programáticas implementadas na região podem ter contribuído para o reconhecimento de maior número de casos de aids, porém ainda não possibilitaram o diagnóstico mais precoce. Acredita-se que estratégias de vigilância epidemiológica de segunda geração poderiam subsidiar de modo mais eficiente as intervenções programáticas voltadas ao controle da epidemia em uma região caracterizada por apresentar fatores individuais, sociais e programáticos que conferem vulnerabilidade acrescida à infecção pelo HIV.
Infection with human immunodeficiency virus within the Amazon region has been shown as one of the latest challenges confronting the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Brazil. Epidemiological studies based on incidence data show an increasing trend in AIDS incidence in the Brazilian North region. The specialized HIV/AIDS outpatient clinic of Santarém is the reference healthcare setting that provides care for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA) from 25 municipalities of the Lower Amazon and southwestern Pará regions. The aims of this study are to describe socio-demographic, clinical and laboratory features of PLHA at time of admission to this reference clinic, comparing them among the following periods: 1999 to 2002 (P1), 2003 and 2006 (P2) and 2007 and 2010 (P3), and to analyze AIDS incidence trends in Santarém between 1999 and 2010. Information about variables of interest was obtained by review of medical records. Standardized AIDS incidence rates were calculated, based on cases reported in Santarém, using data obtained from national and local databases. Incidence trend analysis was performed by polynomial regression. Out of 527 records, 62.4% of patients were admitted to the clinic in P3, 24.1% and 13.5% in P2 and P1, respectively. A significant increase was seen in the participation of individuals from cities other than Santarém in P3, as compared to P1. There was a significant gender difference in the reason to be tested for HIV, as women were more likely to have been tested due to a seropositive partner in P1 and P2, whereas existing signs and symptoms of HIV/AIDS predominated among men as the reason for testing throughout the study period. A significant reduction in median CD4+ cell counts at admission was noticed comparing P3 to P1 and P2. 336 AIDS cases were reported in Santarém from 1999 to 2010. An increasing AIDS incidence trend was found for both genders, and for both heterosexual and homo/bisexual among males. The increasing local demand for HIV/AIDS care, with larger numbers of cases coming from smaller cities and admitted in later stages of HIV infection, taken together with the increasing AIDS incidence trend in Santarém during the study period suggest that even though programmatic interventions may have succeeded in identifying more AIDS cases, they were not able to lead to an earlier diagnosis. We believe that the implementation of second generation surveillance strategies in this region could guide programmatic interventions for the control of the epidemic more efficiently, in a context characterized by individual, social and programmatic factors related to a high vulnerability to HIV infection.
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David, Jummy Funke. "Mathematical epidemiology of HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis co-infection." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/54295.

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The project deals with the analysis of a general dynamical model for the spread of HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis Co-infection. We capture in the model the dynamics of HIV/AIDS infected individuals and investigate their impacts in the progression of tuberculosis with and without TB treatment. It is shown that TB-only model and HIV-only model have locally asymptotically stable disease-free equilibrium when the basic reproduction number is less than unity and a unique endemic equilibrium exists when the basic reproduction number is greater than unity. We analyze the full HIV/AIDS-TB coinfection model and incorporate treatment strategy for the exposed and active forms of TB. The stability of equilibria is derived through the use of Van den Driessche method of generational matrix and Routh Harwitz stability criterion. Numerical simulations are provided to justify the analytical results and to investigate the effect of change of certain parameters on the co-infection. Sensitivity analysis shows that reducing the most sensitive parameters β₁ and β₂ could help to lower the basic reproduction number and thereby reducing the rate of infection. From the study, we conclude that treating latent and active forms of TB reduce the rate of infection, reduce the rate of progression of individuals to AIDS stage and lowers co-infection.
Science, Faculty of
Mathematics, Department of
Graduate
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Wilde, Lindsey. "The Impact of Transmission Mode on HIV/AIDS Medication Adherence." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5957.

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Medication adherence amongst HIV/AIDS infected individuals can be challenging for many reasons. I examined whether there was an association between mode of HIV transmission, such as sexual intercourse, mother to child, or IV drug use, and medication adherence among HIV+ individuals 18 years and older living in New York City. The theoretical base for this study was the Social Ecological Systems Theory. Logistic regression analyses were conducted on field data obtained from the New York State Medicaid Agency from 2015. Results indicated that transmission mode, age, race, and poverty level all have statistically significant associations with the dependent variable of medication adherence. The individuals most and least likely to adhere to ART were MSM and perinatal groups, respectively. Increased age predicted increased medication adherence rates, while increased poverty level predicted decreased medication adherence rates. Caucasian and Asian/Pacific Islander races had the highest rates of medication adherence, while Hispanics had lowest rates of adherence. Alternatively, there were no statistically significant relationships between New York City borough of residence or gender on an individual's medication adherence rate. This research contributed to filling a literature gap in the HIV field since no published literature to date had examined the association between transmission mode and ART medication adherence. This study's findings can be used to lead to a positive social change by allowing those in the HIV and public health fields to identify the varying needs of populations based on transmission mode, which could help individuals achieve long lasting medication adherence, and which in turn, could result in longer lives for those with HIV/AIDS.
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Eaton, Twilla. "Epidemiology of Mycobacterium avium complex infecting AIDS patients." Thesis, This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03302010-020032/.

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Nyotta, Phyllis Catherine. "The Impact of Stigma on HIV/AIDS Testing Among Kenyan Diaspora women." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4469.

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Researchers have considered HIV/AIDS in Kenya as the largest HIV pandemic in the world, with about 6.3 million individuals living with the disease as of 2013. About 25% of new HIV patients are adult women, aged 15 to 24 years old. Guided by the health belief model (HBM), the purpose of this quantitative cross-sectional survey research study was to explore the influence of various dimensions of HIV/AIDS stigma (public, self, enacted, and structural) on the uptake of HIV testing among Kenyan Diaspora women in United States. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to test if there was a correlation between HIV/AIDS stigma and the uptake of HIV testing on Kenyan Diaspora women. Preliminary analyses showed the relationships were approximately linear with the residuals normally distributed, as assessed by skewness and kurtosis statistics, and there were no outliers. The results for these four research questions were not significant. The results of the study indicated that perceived levels of stigma among Kenyan Diaspora women living with HIV/AIDS did not correlate with differing levels of uptake for testing and treatment. This study promoted positive social change through encouraging HIV testing by raising awareness and understanding about HIV/AIDS, especially during the early stages of the disease. Thus, promoting positive social change in encouraging Kenyan Diaspora women to engage in HIV testing to ensure they were safe for sexual encounters or to breastfeed their children. Similar studies could carry out research to examine the influence of factors other than stigma on uptake of testing and treatment for those living with HIV/AIDS.
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Parkhurst, Justin Oliver. "HIV prevention policy in sub-Saharan Africa : the Ugandan experience." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270134.

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Lastoria, Leticia Chamma [UNESP]. "Colonização por Staphylococcus aureus em pessoas vivendo com HIV/AIDS acompanhadas em um serviço ambulatorial de referência em Botucatu (SP): prevalência, resistência à meticilina e epidemiologia molecular." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/140292.

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Staphylococcus aureus resistente à meticilina (Methicillin-resistant S. aureus, MRSA) é cada vez mais reconhecido como uma ameaça para pessoas vivendo com HIV/AIDS (PVHA). No entanto, a magnitude da colonização por MRSA varia entre diferentes países e regiões geográficas. Nós realizamos um estudo que teve por objetivo identificar a prevalência e os fatores de risco para colonização por S. aureus como um todo e MRSA em PVHA residindo em cidades de pequeno porte do interior do Estado de São Paulo. Isolados de MRSA foram caracterizados por Eletroforese em Gel de Campo Pulsado (Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis, PFGE) e tiveram o Cassete Cromossômico Estafilocóccico (Staphylococcal Chromosome Cassete, SCC) mec tipado. Análise espacial foi realizada para identificar agregados geográficos e correlação com indicadores socioeconômicos. No primeiro momento, realizamos um estudo de prevalência pontual coletando swab nasal e de orofaringe de 368 PVHA atendidas em ambulatório de referência em Botucatu, SP. Sessenta e sete sujeitos residentes na cidade sede foram seguidos com coletas em dois outros momentos, e tiveram seus contactantes domiciliares também investigados para colonização. As taxas de prevalência de S. aureus e MRSA no primeiro levantamento foram 25,8% e 2,7%. A colonização por S. aureus foi negativamente associada com o uso de antibióticos beta-lactâmicos e drogas ilícitas. Por outro lado, fatores de risco para MRSA incluíam uso de crack e internação hospitalar recente. Inquéritos repetidos identificaram novos casos de colonização por MRSA, mas nenhum sujeito apresentou positividade em mais de uma ocasião. Quatro clusters foram identificados na PFGE, agrupando sujeitos em diferentes níveis – domicílio, cidade, região. Dos 19 isolados caracterizados, apenas um não carreava o SCCmec tipo IV. Análise espacial identificou hot spots par sujeitos colonizados com S. aureus, mas não conseguimos ligar esse padrão a indicadores sócio-econômicos. Em conclusão, nós idenficamos baixa – mas relevante – prevalência de MRSA em PVHA. Foram identificados tanto fatores de risco tradicionalmente associados a aquisição na comunidade quanto outros ligados a exposição a hospitais, de modo que as rotas predominantes de transmissão não puderam ser determinadas com base epidemiológica.
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is increasingly recognized as a threat for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). However, the magnitude of asymptomatic MRSA colonization in that group varies among different countries and geographic regions. We conducted a study that aimed at identifying the prevalence and risk factors for both overall S. aureus and MRSA colonization among PLWHA attending in small cities from inner São Paulo State, Brazil. MRSA isolates were characterized using Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE), and submitted to typing of the Staphylococcal Chromosome Cassete (SCC)mec. Spatial analysis was performed to search for geographical clusters and correlation with socioeconomic indicators. In a first point prevalence survey, nasal and oropharyngeal swabs of 368 people were collected. Sixty-seven subjects from the main city (Botucatu) were surveyed for colonization in two other occasions, and had swabs collected from household members. The prevalence rates for S. aureus and MRSA in the first survey were 25.8% and 2.7%. The overall S. aureus colonization was negatively associated with the use of beta-lactams and of illicit drugs. On the other hand, MRSA colonized subjects were more likely to use crack and to have been admitted to a hospital during the past year. Repeated surveys found additional cases of MRSA colonization, but all subjects were positive in only one occasion. Four PFGE clusters were characterized, grouping subjects in household, city and region level. Of 19 total MRSA isolates, only one did not harbor SCCmec type IV. Spatial analysis detected hot spots of S. aureus colonized subjects from Botucatu, but that finding could not be linked to socio-economic indicators. In conclusion, we found small but relevant prevalence of MRSA among PLWHA. Community and healthcare-associated risk factors were identified, so that predominant routes of transmission could not be determined on epidemiological grounds.
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Aspin, S. C. (Stanley Clive), and n/a. "Trans-Tasman migration and Maori in the time of AIDS." University of Otago. Wellington School of Medicine & Health Sciences, 2000. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070522.134607.

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At the dawn of the new millennium, migration has been identified as a crucial element in the ongoing HIV/AIDS epidemic yet few studies have been carried out into the specific ways in which migration is able to fuel the epidemic. Since the beginning of the epidemic in the 1980s we have witnessed increasing mobility of people throughout the world, with migration being a major factor in the ongoing transmission of HIV in particular regions of the world. This study looks at the particular of migration that exists between New Zealand and Australia and examines the effects that this has had on a group of Maori gay men and transsexuals during the time of the HIV/AIDS epidemic. In particular, the study examines the effects that trans-Tasman migration has on identity and sexual practice and the implications that this has for HIV prevention among the Maori gay and transsexual communities of both countries. In order to examine the relationship between trans-Tasman migration, identity and behaviour, in-depth interviews were conducted with two groups of Maori gay man and transsexuals. One group resided permanently in Sydney, Australia (n=13) and the other group had returned to live in New Zealand after having lived in Sydney for at least one year (n=11). During the interviews respondents were invited to talk about their cultural and sexual identity, their upbringing, their reasons for migrating to Sydney and their sexual practice in Sydney. Analysis of the interviews showed that there were distinct differences in the two groups of respondents. While the Sydney gay community offered a haven for Maori migrants from New Zealand, this was sometimes at the expense of a compromised sense of cultural identity as well as exposure to racism, violence and prejudice from living in a predominantly white middle class society. In contrast, those who had returned to live in New Zealand had a stronger sense of their cultural identity than those who resided long-term in Sydney as well as ongoing access to a cultural context which reaffirmed and supported their sense of Maori identity. At the same time, those who lived in Sydney were more likely to report risk behaviour associated with the transmission of HIV than did those who lived in New Zealand. This project concludes that Maori gay men and transsexuals who have a strong sense of their cultural identity may be at a lower risk of HIV infection than those who do not. These findings have significant implications for the design and implementation of HIV prevention programmes both in New Zealand and in Sydney. Such programmes need to acknowledge the cultural diversity of the gay community and must provide the means whereby community members, especially those from minority groups, may have ongoing access to cultural structures which support and reaffirm their sexual as well as their cultural identity.
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Books on the topic "AIDS epidemiology"

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Jewell, Nicholas P., Klaus Dietz, and Vernon T. Farewell, eds. AIDS Epidemiology. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-1229-2.

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Maw, Moe Aung. AIDS epidemiology in Lesotho. Maseru, Lesotho: STD/HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control Programme, Disease Control and Environmental Health Division, Ministry of Health & Social Welfare, 2000.

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H, Gail Mitchell, ed. AIDS epidemiology: A quantitative approach. New York: Oxford University Press, 1994.

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San Francisco (Calif.). HIV Seroepidemiology and AIDS Surveillance Section. HIV/AIDS epidemiology annual report. San Francisco, CA: The Section, 1999.

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E, Williams Mary. AIDS. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2011.

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Lauritsen, John. AIDS epidemiology and risk-reduction guidelines. New York: Asklepios, 1990.

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M, Mann Jonathan, Tarantola D, and Netter Thomas W. 1949-, eds. AIDS in the world. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 1992.

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Stanley, Gary Lee. Epidemiology of AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome). [Carbondale, IL] (P.O. Box 3158, Carbondale 62902): Educational Research Corp., 1987.

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Castillo-Chavez, Carlos, ed. Mathematical and Statistical Approaches to AIDS Epidemiology. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-93454-4.

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Institute, Panos. Aids and the Third World. Philadelphia: New Society Publishers, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "AIDS epidemiology"

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Daniels, Victor G. "Epidemiology of AIDS." In AIDS, 1–14. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5890-9_1.

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Gail, Mitchell H., and Philip S. Rosenberg. "Perspectives on Using Backcalculation to Estimate HIV Prevalence and Project AIDS Incidence." In AIDS Epidemiology, 1–38. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-1229-2_1.

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Jewell, Nicholas P., and John D. Kalbfleisch. "Marker Models in Survival Analysis and Applications to Issues Associated with AIDS." In AIDS Epidemiology, 211–30. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-1229-2_10.

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Self, Steve, and Yudi Pawitan. "Modeling a Marker of Disease Progression and Onset of Disease." In AIDS Epidemiology, 231–55. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-1229-2_11.

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Tsiatis, Anastasios A., Urania Dafni, Victor DeGruttola, Kathleen J. Propert, Robert L. Strawderman, and Michael Wulfsohn. "The Relationship of CD4 Counts over Time to Survival in Patients with AIDS: Is CD4 a Good Surrogate Marker?" In AIDS Epidemiology, 256–74. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-1229-2_12.

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DeGruttola, Victor, and Xin Ming Tu. "Modeling The Relationship Between Progression Of CD4-Lymphocyte Count And Survival Time." In AIDS Epidemiology, 275–96. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-1229-2_13.

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Robins, James M., and Andrea Rotnitzky. "Recovery of Information and Adjustment for Dependent Censoring Using Surrogate Markers." In AIDS Epidemiology, 297–331. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-1229-2_14.

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Taylor, Jeremy M. G., and Yun Chon. "Semi Parametric Estimation of the Incubation Period of AIDS." In AIDS Epidemiology, 335–49. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-1229-2_15.

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Wang, Mei-Cheng. "Using Semiparametric Risk Sets for the Analysis of Cross-Sectional Duration Data." In AIDS Epidemiology, 350–65. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-1229-2_16.

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Berman, S. M., and N. Dubin. "Is Earlier Better for AZT Therapy in HIV Infection? A Mathematical Model." In AIDS Epidemiology, 366–83. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-1229-2_17.

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Conference papers on the topic "AIDS epidemiology"

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Wahyuni, Chatarina Umbul, Erni Astutik, and Imelda F. E. Manurung. "The Association of Family Characteristics and Local Support (Servant Leadership) in Tb Case Finding among People Living with Hiv Aids in East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.02.41.

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Background: HIV still becomes major global public health problem in the world. People living with HIV AIDS can suffer opportunistic infection, for example Tuberculosis. The role of family and local support is important to prevent opportunistic infection. The study aimed to determine the association between family characteristics and local support (servant leadership) to find TB case in People Living with HIV AIDS. Subjects and Method: This was a case control study conducted in Kupang city, East Nusa Tenggara, in July 2020. A sample of 100 people consisted of 50 cases and 50 control was selected by purposive sampling. We measured family characteristics and local support (servant leadership (altruistic calling, emotional healing, wisdom, persuasive or motivation) and social modals (beliefs, norms, networks). Data was analyzed by using multivariate logistics regression. Results: The study subjects who did not work had 4.76 times odds of having a higher perception of local support for altruistic calling domain (AOR= 4.76; 95% CI= 1.09 to 20.91; p= 0.039). the study subjects who did not work (AOR= 4.64; 95% CI= 1.07 to 20.03; p= 0.040), worked as entrepreneurs (AOR= 4.69; 95% CI= 1.17 to 18.82; p= 0.029), had a junior high school education (AOR= 6.41; 95% CI= 1.33 to 30.94, p= 0.021), had a senior high school education (AOR= 3.47; 95% CI= 1.16 to 10.41; p= 0.0260) had higher local support for emotional healing domain. The unemployed study subjects had 5.04 times odds of having higher perceptions of local support for persuasive or motivation domain (AOR= 5.04; 95% CI= 1.07 to 23.64; p= 0.041). Conclusion: Family characteristics have significant relationship with perceptions of local support. The government needs to seek the role of family and local support in preventing opportunistic tuberculosis infection in people living with HIV AIDS. Keywords: family, local support, servant leadership, social modal, HIV AIDS, Tuberculosis, PLWHA Correspondence: Chatarina Umbul Wahyuni. Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga. Email: chatrin03@yahoo.com. Mobile: +6281803298525. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.02.41
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Sultan, Y. "PROGRESSION OF HIV INFECTION IN THE POPULATION OF FRENCH HEMOPHILIACS." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644682.

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A national inquiry including 28 hemophilia centers was carried out in France in order to appreciate the epidemiology of HIV infection among hemophilic patients. Information about 1781 patients was obtained with an overall prevalence of 50% seropositive patients. This percentage of HIV seropositivity was unchanged in comparison with 1985 confirming that no seroconversion was observed since the use of heat treated products for bleeding episodes. It is to be noted that there is an important progression in the number of AIDS which increased from 16 hemophiliacs last year to 23 this year with a total of 11 deaths against 7 last year related to this affection. In the' remaining hemophilic population, twenty per cent of HIV positive patients have developed an ARC. For the biological abnormalities related to immune deficiency, it was found that patients with lymphopenia less than 1000 lymphocytes had not progressed and represent 23 patients. Patients with thrombocytopenia less than 150,000 platelets had increased from 29 to 62. Patients with a number of T4 lymphocytes subset less than 400 ha increased from 54 to 110. 22% of HIV positive hemophiliacs had a T4/T8 ratio less than 1 in 1986 in comparison with 11% in 1985.17.5% of HIV positive population showed an elevated level of gamma-globulins above 20 g/liter of plasma against 12.5% last year. The conclusion of the present study is that HIV infectionhas progressed in severity from 1985 to 1986 in the population of multitransfused HIV positive French hemophiliacs.
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de Sa, Laisa Ribeiro, Liliane dos Santos Machado, Jordana de Almeida Nogueira, and Ronei Marcos de Moraes. "New Combining Rules for Spatial Clustering Methods Using Sigma-Count for Spatial Epidemiology." In 2020 International Conference on Decision Aid Sciences and Application (DASA). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dasa51403.2020.9317161.

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Bachur, Tatiana Paschoalette Rodrigues, and Ludmila Silva da Cunha. "PREVALÊNCIA DA ESTRONGILOIDÍASE EM PORTADORES DE HIV/AIDS NO BRASIL." In I Congresso Brasileiro de Parasitologia Humana On-line. Revista Multidisciplinar em Saúde, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51161/rems/761.

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Introdução: Estrongiloidíase é uma parasitose hiperendêmica no Brasil causada pelo helminto Strongyloides stercoralis. Apresenta importante morbimortalidade em indivíduos imunossuprimidos, com possibilidade de hiperinfecção e disseminação decorrentes de autoinfecção e cronificação favorecidas pelo ciclo de vida do helminto. Portadores de HIV/AIDS podem ser acometidos pelas formas graves da parasitose. Objetivo: Realizar revisão da literatura acerca da prevalência de estrongiloidíase em portadores de HIV/AIDS no Brasil para compreensão da epidemiologia desta parasitose nesta população. Material e métodos: Conduziu-se pesquisa bibliográfica nas bases Medline, LILACS, ScienceDirect, Web of Science e EMBASE, utilizando-se os termos Strongyloides stercoralis, HIV, prevalência, Brasil e seus correspondentes em inglês, sendo selecionados artigos publicados entre 2005 e 2020, em português e inglês. Resultados: A ocorrência e gravidade da estrongiloidíase em portadores de HIV/AIDS envolve diversos fatores além da resposta imune do hospedeiro. A frequência de S. stercoralis em indivíduos com HIV/AIDS é maior que na população geral. Em estudo realizado no Ceará, encontrou-se prevalência de 30,1% do helminto em portadores de HIV/AIDS em anos anteriores à utilização da terapia antirretroviral (TARV) e de 11% em pacientes usando TARV, tendo a terapia um impacto positivo no controle da estrongiloidíase nestes indivíduos. Apesar da redução da prevalência em momentos distintos da terapêutica anti-HIV, em ambos os períodos, S. stercoralis foi o parasito mais frequente. Em Uberlândia-MG, a prevalência da parasitose em portadores de HIV/AIDS foi de 12%, com dois casos de hiperinfecção em indivíduos alcoólatras crônicos. Dentre portadores de HIV com alcoolismo crônico, 64,3% apresentavam estrongiloidíase, sendo o alcoolismo um fator de risco para a parasitose, inclusive hiperinfecção. No Rio de Janeiro, a prevalência detectada do helminto foi de 24%; em Goiás, foi de 1,1% em uma amostra pouco representativa. Em São Paulo, encontrou-se prevalência de 0,2% através de endoscopia e biópsia, e não exame parasitológico de fezes, padrão-ouro para diagnóstico da infecção. O S. stercoralis é mais prevalente em pessoas do sexo masculino, possivelmente por maior exposição a situações de risco, como o sexo anal desprotegido. Conclusão: Os estudo analisados demonstram que a prevalência de estrongiloidíase em portadores de HIV/AIDS no Brasil é bastante variável, sendo maior em homens.
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Eltai, Nahla O., Sara H. Al-Hadidi, Asmaa A. Al Than, Sanjay H. Doiphode, and Hadi M. Yassine. "Salmonellosis among Pediatric Population in Qatar: Prevalence, Antibiotic Resistance and Molecular Epidemiology." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0126.

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Objectives: This study aims to characterize at the molecular level the genes encoding resistance in Salmonella and explain the molecular mechanisms underlying resistance to ceftriaxone, cefepime, amoxicillin-clavulanate, tetracycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, chloramphenicol, colistin and azithromycin in Salmonella. It aims as well to characterize the 16S rRNA gene region by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) to investigate if this region constitutes an appropriate ‘coincidental’ marker to distinguish important pathogenic Salmonella species. Finally, determine the lineages of Salmonella species and evolutionary relationships among bacteria classified within the same genus. Methodology: 246 Salmonella isolates were collected from children under 16 years old during Jan. 2018 - Dec 2019, presented with gastroenteritis at Hamad Medical Corporation. Isolates were tested for antibiotic susceptibility against nineteen relevant antibiotics using E-test. Isolates that harbor antibiotic resistance were confirmed using PCR specific primers for 38 genes. In addition, the variable region of class 1 and 2 integrons were identified by PCR among amoxicillin-clavulanate (AMC) resistant samples. RFLP targeting16S rRNAwas performed using seven restriction enzymes including AluI, Bgl I, Bgl II, EcoR I, SmaI, Hinf I & Hae III. Results: Resistance was detected against 15 antibiotics and (38.2%) of isolates were resistant to at least one antibiotic. Overall, high resistance was reported to tetracycline (23.9%), ampicillin (21.1%), AMC (18.7%) and sulfamethoxazoletrimethoprim (13%). Further, 22.4% of the isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR), with 4.1% being ESBL producers. 90 % of ESBL producers had one of bla CTX-M-Group. Class (1) AMC resistant samples showed the highest resistance to different antibiotics. 16S rRNA-RFLP analysis divided Salmonella isolates into two main groups. Conclusion: Our results indicate a high antimicrobial resistance pattern of Salmonella, which necessities the development of regulatory programs to combats antimicrobial resistance. In particular, our results showed high resistance to Class (1) AMC cassette that involves the transmission and expression of the resistance. This might lead to a concern of increased multidrug resistance in the future. This study provides evidence guidance to activate and implement the pillars of an antimicrobial stewardship program in animal and human health to reduce MDR salmonellosis.
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Benkő, Ria, Márió Gajdács, Mária Matuz, Gabriella Bodó, Andrea Lázár, Edit Hajdú, Erika Papfalvi, Péter Hannauer, Péter Erdélyi, and Zoltán Pető. "NP-016 Epidemiology and resistance map to aid antibiotic guideline development single centre retrospective study from an emergency department." In 25th Anniversary EAHP Congress, Hospital Pharmacy 5.0 – the future of patient care, 23–28 March 2021. British Medical Journal Publishing Group, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ejhpharm-2021-eahpconf.363.

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Esat, Volkan, and Memis Acar. "Biomechanical Response of a Functional Spine Unit Under Various Loading Conditions: A Viscoelastic Finite Element Approach." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-61728.

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Biomechanical and epidemiologic studies state that recreational activity and industrial work, embodying static work postures, physically heavy tasks, frequent bending, and twisting motions, lifting and sudden loading incidents are highly related to low back pain disorders. In order to provide a comprehensive understanding of the low back pain under severe and traumatic static and dynamic loading conditions, the finite element (FE) technique is widely used as a computational method to model, simulate and analyse the behaviour of the spinal segments in the lumbar spine, which are much more difficult with in vitro and in vivo experimental studies. Intervertebral discs, having many other functions, support a huge extent of the compressive loadings the trunk is subjected to. The results of the FE analyses can be employed to understand the injury mechanisms occurring in and about the intervertebral discs, providing stress and strain distributions, and to aid the therapists in selecting the type of treatment for low back pain, and in developing guidelines for industrial safety.
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Reports on the topic "AIDS epidemiology"

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Millington, Kerry, and Samantha Reddin. COVID-19 Health Evidence Summary No.109. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.012.

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This weekly COVID-19 health evidence summary (HES) is based on 3.5 hours of desk-based research. The summary is not intended to be a comprehensive summary of available evidence on COVID-19 but aims to make original documents easily accessible to decision makers which, if relevant to them, they should go to before making decisions. This summary covers publications on Epidemiology and modelling; Therapeutics; Vaccines; Social Science; Comments, Editorials, Opinions, Blogs, News; Dashboards & Trackers; C19 Resource Hubs; and Online learning & events.
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Millington, Kerry, and Samantha Reddin. COVID-19 Health Evidence Summary No.108. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.007.

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This weekly COVID-19 health evidence summary (HES) is based on 3.5 hours of desk-based research. The summary is not intended to be a comprehensive summary of available evidence on COVID-19 but aims to make original documents easily accessible to decision-makers which, if relevant to them, they should go to before making decisions. This summary covers publications on Clinical characteristics and management; Epidemiology and modelling; Testing; Therapeutics; Vaccines; Comments, Editorials, Opinions, Blogs, News; Dashboards & Trackers; C19 Resource Hubs; and Online learning & events
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Millington, Kerry. COVID-19 Health Evidence Summary No.115. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.030.

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This weekly COVID-19 health evidence summary (HES) is based on 3.5 hours of desk-based research. The summary is not intended to be a comprehensive summary of available evidence on COVID-19 but aims to make original documents easily accessible to decision makers which, if relevant to them, they should go to before making decisions. This summary covers publications on Clinical characteristics and management; Epidemiology and modelling; Infection Prevention and Control; Therapeutics; Vaccines; Indirect impact of COVID-19; Comments, Editorials, Opinions, Blogs, News; Dashboards & Trackers; C19 Resource Hubs; and Online learning & events.
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Millington, Kerry. COVID-19 Health Evidence Summary No.116. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.035.

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This weekly COVID-19 health evidence summary (HES) is based on 3.5 hours of desk-based research. The summary is not intended to be a comprehensive summary of available evidence on COVID-19 but aims to make original documents easily accessible to decision-makers which, if relevant to them, they should go to before making decisions. This summary covers publications on Clinical characteristics and management; Epidemiology and modelling; Therapeutics; Vaccines; Indirect impact of COVID-19; Health systems; Comments, Editorials, Opinions, Blogs, News; Dashboards & Trackers; C19 Resource Hubs and Online learning & events.
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Millington, Kerry, and Samantha Reddin. COVID-19 Health Evidence Summary No.112. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.021.

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This weekly COVID-19 health evidence summary (HES) is based on 3.5 hours of desk-based research. The summary is not intended to be a comprehensive summary of available evidence on COVID-19 but aims to make original documents easily accessible to decision-makers which, if relevant to them, they should go to before making decisions. This summary covers publications on Epidemiology and modelling; Therapeutics; Vaccines; Indirect impact of COVID-19; Comments, Editorials, Opinions, Blogs, News; Guidelines, Statements & Tools; Dashboards & Trackers; C19 Resource Hubs; and Online learning & events.
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Millington, Kerry, and Samantha Reddin. COVID-19 Health Evidence Summary No.107. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.002.

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This weekly COVID-19 health evidence summary (HES) is based on 3.5 hours of desk-based research. The summary is not intended to be a comprehensive summary of available evidence on COVID-19 but aims to make original documents easily accessible to decision-makers which, if relevant to them, they should go to before making decisions. This summary covers publications on Clinical characteristics and management; Epidemiology and modelling; Infection Prevention and Control; Therapeutics; Vaccines; Indirect impact of COVID-19; Social Science; Comments, Editorials, Opinions, Blogs, News; Guidelines, Statements & Tools; Dashboards & Trackers; C19 Resource Hubs; and Online learning & events
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Millington, Kerry. COVID-19 Health Evidence Summary No.114. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.027.

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Abstract:
This weekly COVID-19 health evidence summary (HES) is based on 3.5 hours of desk-based research. The summary is not intended to be a comprehensive summary of available evidence on COVID-19 but aims to make original documents easily accessible to decision makers which, if relevant to them, they should go to before making decisions. This summary covers publications on Clinical characteristics and management; Epidemiology and modelling; Infection Prevention and Control; Therapeutics; Vaccines; Indirect impact of COVID-19; Social Science; Comments, Editorials, Opinions, Blogs, News; Dashboards & Trackers; C19 Resource Hubs; and Online learning & events.
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