Dissertations / Theses: 'Aid'

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Woschech, Sebastian. "The state aid dimension of environmental aid." Göttingen Cuvillier, 2008. http://d-nb.info/992626277/04.

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Griffiths, Kate. "Culture of aid : Chinese aid to Cambodia." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/18188.

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Cambodia is one of the poorest countries in Southeast Asia. The United Nations Human Development Index ranks Cambodia as 137 out of 182 countries in terms of quality of life. Cambodia is also an aid dependent country, with nearly half its annual budget coming from aid. Since the Paris Peace Accords in 1991 and subsequent United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC) period, OECD-DAC (Development Assistance Committee) (or 'traditional') donors have entered Cambodia in large numbers. These traditional donors allocate aid according to the OECDDAC consensus. This consensus is based around international agreements such as the Millennium Development Goals, The Pahs Declaration on Aid Effectiveness and the Monterrey Consensus o f the International Conference on Financing fo r Development. The traditional donors have, since the early 1990s, created and dominated the aid 'culture' in Cambodia. Recently, however, another donor has come to the fore in Cambodia, and that is China. China has strong historical, social and economic links with Cambodia that go back to ancient times. China has been disbursing aid to Cambodia since the 1950s. However, it has only been since 2006 that China has come to the fore as an aid donor, due in part to the large amount of aid it is currently pledging to Cambodia but also to the growing role China is playing on the wider global stage. China is now one of the largest donors to (as well as investors in) Cambodia. China, however, is often considered a 'rogue' donor by the traditional donors both at the global scale and within Cambodia, as China does not conform with DAC policy on aid and development. This leads to certain representations of China that do not always accord with the 'realities' of China's aid program. This thesis explores aid cultures in Cambodia, in particular the encounter between Chinese aid and western aid. Theoretically this thesis situates itself at the intersection between (post)development geography and cultural geography, drawing on ideas such as representation and encounter to understand how Chinese and western aid come together in the context of Cambodia. By doing so, this thesis fills a gap in the existing literature by looking at aid as a culture, and exploring China's aid from a [post]development/cultural geography viewpoint, rather than an economic or international relations stance. Arising from this theoretical stance come three primary research questions: How do those with different cultural sets come together in certain contexts, namely aid; what cultural encounters do we see in this mix between traditional donors and new donors; how do discourses around 'the other' play into aid dialogues in Cambodia? This thesis investigates these research questions through qualitative methods, including interviews, discourse analysis and participant observation. Analysis is undertaken of western aid to Cambodia, with a focus on the history and statistics of aid, aid coordination, development policy and critiques of traditional aid in order to highlight the existing aid culture in Cambodia. An analysis is then undertaken of China's aid to Cambodia, looking at the aid figures and aid structure before investigating representations of China's aid and looking at an indicative case study of one Chinese aid project in Cambodia. Finally the encounter between western aid and Chinese aid is analysed with particular reference to three types of western aid actors in Cambodia and how they encounter and represent China and its aid program. Through the above investigation, three main findings are arrived at: a) that a particularly western aid culture has been created in Cambodia, one which can be seen as a 'site of knowledge' for western aid; b] that Chinese aid is deliberately constructed and represented in certain ways by the West for its own purposes much as Said (1995] outlined in his work Orientalism regarding the relationship between the West and 'the other'; and c) whilst global aid discourses influence the encounter between China and the West in Cambodia, Cambodia itself is not a passive player in this encounter, using it for its own advantage by playing off China and the western donors against one another.

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Shelver, Amy. "The AIDS of aid?: long-term organisation challenges of a CBO dealing with HIV/AIDS, poverty and donor aid." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1012321.

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The following treatise first frames the role of CBOs in responding to the HIV/Aids crisis in relation to their position in the global health governance system through a literature survey that moves from an analysis of the global structures down to the local. The survey covers the role of international organisations, international NGOs (INGOs), national governments, local NGOs and CBOs and outlines the context in which Masizakhe is working within the global health governance structure. Secondly the research design and methodology are outlined focusing on the longitudinal, case study and participant--‐observation approaches. Hypotheses, conceptualisation, definitions, key variables are described and data collection methods and fieldwork practice extrapolated upon. Following that data capturing, editing and analysis are discussed in conjunction with shortcomings and sources of error. In the fourth chapter the research discusses the history, structure and outlines the research findings by comparing what has changed within the organisation over time, presenting and discussing the results. The outcomes of this research have shown that existing problems in this particular CBO are very difficult to overcome without committed, sustained support from donors, government, community and the organisation’s members. CBOs are often hamstrung by a series of intersecting factors which hamper their ability to problem--‐solve, even when the route to overcoming the problem is clear, particularly when the capacity and will to do so is not always present from both within the organisation and from outside support systems. These challenges then impact on the overall quality of and ability to deliver the services the organisation is structured to deliver. The major challenge for the organisation remains the inconsistent donor cycle and resultant instability thus created within an organisation already working in a highly volatile, unstable situation marked by poverty and disease. Thus the title, The Aids of Aid?, captures the essence of Masizakhe’s struggle with its own syndrome of problems. It summarises a comment made by the project secretary said that: “Sometimes it feels like we are not only fighting for the health of our people – We are fighting for the health of our organisation. We are a sick organisation trying to help sick people. All we need is donors and funding –we can’t live without them, and when they don't give, we get sick” (Stamper, Pers Comm, 2011). The other emergent challenges were a battle internally with ‘founder syndrome’, lack of management transparency and a dysfunctional board.

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Lara, Gabriel. "Express Aid." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10105275.

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Express Aid is an Urgent Care Center (UCC) that will be providing non-emergency care for the community of Riverside, California. With the expansion of Medicaid due to the Affordable Care Act (ACA) there has been a surge in Emergency Department (ED) usage which resulted in crowding, increased treatment time, and decreased patient satisfaction. Express Aid offers care ranging from primary care services to non-acute chest pain and functions as a walk-in basis. As a Limited Liability Company, Express Aid will function as a hybrid type of legal structure, which has the limited liabilities of a corporation as well as having the tax advantages and operational flexibility of a partnership. Express Aid will be the first center to open in an area where the population is increasing. Therefore, expenses and revenue will be forecasted based on competitors UCC needs, but will also take into account the future needs of the surrounding community. All forecasted finances are performed accurately by using conservative estimates, which will assist in properly developing an operational strategy.

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Sundsten, Melinda. "Foreign aid and corruption : Ethical aspects of foreign aid." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-296380.

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This literary analysis focuses on the correlation between foreign aid and corruption. The “Capabilities Approach” by Amartya Sen is used to discuss how to, and who is responsible for, developing an ethically justified aid policy. Arguments and ideas from five different sources have been analyzed. The primary sources are African Development by Todd Moss, Corruption and Development by Georg Cremer, Lord of Poverty by Graham Hancock, The White Man’s Burden by William Easterly, and Internationalisation of corruption by Daniela Herrmann and Clare Fletcher. This study analyzes three questions. Firstly, does foreign aid affect the level of corruption, and how? Secondly, how do you measure development and justice? Thirdly, who is considered accountable? The results show that there is a connection between aid and corruption and that the aid agencies together with the governments have the primary responsibility to improve the policy and reconstruct the organizations. The policy should focus on enhancing the quality of life of the individual.

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Sraieb, Mohamed Mounir. "Policies for development aid." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209091.

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My dissertation is an advocacy of the idea that if aid proved to be ineffective, it is partly because of the donor and not only the recipient as it is usually argued. The thesis contributes to the theoretical and empirical literature on aid effectiveness and explores the ability of aid to achieve its goals in the presence of both incentives and informational problems.

The thesis consists of three essays dealing with a particular aspect of donor policies that may impact the effectiveness of aid: i) the drivers of aid allocation among recipient countries, ii) ex-post conditionality and the role of reputation in inducing compliance with aid contracts; iii) and finally, the optimal choice of aid modalities.

The first chapter investigates the drivers of U.S. aid policy.

I find considerable evidence that the pattern of aid is dictated as much by political and strategic considerations, as by the economic needs and merit of the recipients. Most importantly, inertia seems to impact heavily the aid allocation process. Any of these motivations, when excessive, would lead to a time inconsistency situation where the donor is not credible in his conditionality. With such an impact on aid allocation, the question arises on the effectiveness of conditioning aid provision on political, social, or economic reforms. This is precisely the scope of chapter 2.

The second chapter investigates the conditions under which reputation can serve as commitment device in order to induce donors of development aid to enforce aid contracts and recipients to comply with such contracts. The idea is that the success of conditionality rests solely on the availability of a commitment technology that ties the hands of the donor. Reputation concerns could create the required incentives and overcome the altruism effect on the donor side.

Notwithstanding that incentive creation must not be driven by the volume of aid only, but also by the way it is channelled, i.e. aid modality. This is particularly relevant for recipients with certain characteristics. Depending on the preference alignment of the donor and the recipient, the information structure in place, the optimal aid modality can change. The characteristics of the optimal aid package are investigated in chapter 3. Optimality imposes a mix of fixed project and financial transfer to recipient countries. The transfer can be negative for countries exhibiting a high willingness or ability to redistribute to the poor. This is interpreted as a contribution to the financing of the infrastructure project. The extent of the project (large or small size) is determined by the interest of government for the poor in the recipient country.

Doctorat en Sciences économiques et de gestion
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Allan, Louise. "Factors Associated With Hearing Aid Disuse In New Zealand/Aotearoa." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Communication Disorders, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/10775.

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Introduction: Despite the advantages of using a hearing aid (HA), only 1 out of 5 individuals who could benefit from a (HA) actually use one (World Health Organization, 2012). If an individual does not use a HA then it may impact on their quality of life, as well as others around them (Chia et al., 2007). Therefore it is important to understand why individuals do not use HAs after obtaining them. To date, there has been no study that investigates the reasons for HA disuse in the New Zealand population. Methods: Two groups of adults with hearing impairment were recruited: HA users (N = 35) and HA disusers (N = 35). Six self-report questionnaires, three audiometric tests and two other body function measures were compared between the groups. Results: Several variables differentiated HA users from disusers, these significant variables were: cognition, understanding speech in noise, acceptance of noise, age at testing, education, hearing assistance technology (HAT) use, HA satisfaction, self-efficacy, accepted need, application for HA subsidy, HA outcomes, stages-of-change, perceived environmental influence, follow-up support and hearing related activity limitations/participation restrictions (AL/PR). Discussion: The clinical value of identifying factors related to HA disuse is so clinicians can identify “red flags” for disuse before the client stops using their HAs. By identifying these red flags, rehabilitation can be tailored around the clients’ needs; before the negative consequences of an untreated hearing impairment is felt.

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Karner, Johan. "Rationality of Aid Donors : A Disaggregated Study of Aid Allocation." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Nationalekonomi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-16080.

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This paper is concerned with the allocation of foreign aid. It intends to investigate the factors influencing the decision of aid donors. What sets this study apart from previous articles on this subject is the use of a disaggregated approach. While previous studies have almost exclusively focused on the total aid flow, this paper divides the total flow into six sub-groups according to the type of aid (budgetary support or sector specific) and to which sector it is dedicated. Using this approach enables us to see if donors make different considerations for different types of aid. Since a rational donor is likely to put different weight on certain factors depending on where the aid funds is going, this approach might be more suitable when evaluating the behavior of donors. Data for 125 recipient countries during 1995-2009 is put in panel data form and regressions are run for each of the six sub-groups respectively. The main finding is that there are in fact differences, between sub-groups, in terms of what factors that influence donors; for example it seems like budgetary support is given mainly to less (relatively) developed country compared to sector specific aid. Hence this paper shows that aid allocation could preferably be studied on a disaggregated level.

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Honda, Tomoko. "Japan's aid policy : tension in aid reform for poverty reduction." Thesis, Swansea University, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.678554.

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Norberg, Johan, and Johan Johansson. "Public Hear Aid." Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Business and Engineering (SET), 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-1688.

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This project started when LIC Audio AB wanted help with development of a hearing aid for public rooms. The problem is that a lot of people suffer from some sort of hearing impairment. In places with a lot of people and background noise the problem becomes bigger and the sound seems to flow together.

During the project we found the solution for the problem in the shape of a headphone. The headphone receives a signal from a preinstalled hearing loop. The hearing loop exists in most public rooms and after the receiver got the signal an amplifier increases the sound to wished strength by the user. The headphone is easy to use and only got one regulator to control both sound level and on/off. To ease the usage we developed a charging stand and a charging list to hang the headphones after usage. When doing this you can ensure to always have power left in the headphones.

The project resulted in a working prototype of the headphones showing the thought of the project. We have also made models of the charging stand and charging list.

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Carlsson, Oscar, and Joakim Söderling. "Aid through trade." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Ekonomihögskolan, ELNU, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-13305.

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Degree project in Business Economics, School of Business and Economics at Linnaeus University, Bachelor thesis Course 2EB00E, spring 2011 Authors: Joakim Söderling 860920, Oscar Carlsson 861021 Supervisor: Michaela Sandell Examiner: Richard Nakamura Title: Aid through trade – An ethnographical minor field study in the Gambia Background: Since Sweden’s fund giving started the overall aim has been to raise people’s living conditions in poorer countries. By having this goal Sweden’s fund giving has changed over the last 50 years during four different eras; Trickle Down, Social Satisfier, Economical Reforms and Governance. Lately, however, criticism regarding whether aid is contributing or not to a less developed country has arisen with questions such as that aid are designed by the fund givers and lack of fieldworkers. Gambia is a development country situated in the poorest area of the poorest continent. The Gambia’s general annual salary is 12,000 Dalasi (3,000 SEC) and poverty is widespread. Entrepreneurship has, however, been noticed as a key-factor for the people and the country’s development. Research question: How should aid for entrepreneurship be designed to promote development in the Gambia? Purpose: To retell the Gambian point of view regarding aid and what type of aid for entrepreneurship that is promoting domestic development in the Gambia. Delimitations: We have chosen to sort out fund organizations of social nature, such as schools and healthcare organizations. We have also delimitated out study to micro-level. Method: We have implemented a qualitative abductive micro-ethnographical field study in which we took the open role as participants as observers. The thesis’ selections are based upon snowball effect and convenience sampling. Conclusions: Aid should be given to women up-country, privately and openly, in the form of material and within a cooperation between fund giver and fund taker. We have also created a model as a recommendation made from our experiences of the Gambian people. Keywords: The Gambia, aid, funds, entrepreneurship, ethnography, development.

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Wright, Joseph. "Political regimes and foreign aid how aid affects growth and democratization /." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1459915991&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Kessy, Regina. "Decoding the donor gaze : documentary, aid and AIDS in Africa." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2014. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/23747/.

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The discourse of ‘the white man’s burden’ that originated in the nineteenth century with missionaries and colonialism still underpins much of the development ideology towards Africa today. The overwhelming assumption that rich Western countries can and should address ‘underdevelopment’ through aid only stigmatizes African reality, framing it to mirror the worldview of the international donors who fund most non-profit interventionist documentaries. In the ‘parachute filmmaking’ style that results, facilitated by financial resources and reflecting the self-serving intentions of the donors, the non-profit filmmaker functions simply as an agent of meaning rather than authentic author of the text. Challenged by limited production schedules and lacking in cultural understanding most donor-sponsored films fall back on an ethnocentric one-size-fits-all template of an ‘inferior other’ who needs to be ‘helped’. This study sets out to challenge the ‘donor gaze’ in documentary films which ‘speak about’ Africa, arguing instead for a more inclusive style of filmmaking that gives voice to its subjects by ‘speaking with’ them. The special focus is on black African women whose images are used to signify helplessness, vulnerability and ignorance, particularly in donor-funded documentaries addressing HIV/AIDS. Through case studies of four films this study asks: 1. How do documentary films reinforce the donor gaze? (how is the film speaking and why?) 2. Can the donor gaze be challenged? (should intentionality always override subjectivity of the filmed subjects?) Film studies approach the gaze psychoanalytically (e.g. Mulvey 1975) but this study focuses on the conscious gaze of filmmakers because they reinforce or challenge ‘the pictures in our heads.’ Sight is an architect of meaning. Gaze orders reality but the documentary gaze can re-order it. The study argues that in Africa, the ‘donor gaze’ constructs meaning by ‘speaking about’ reality and calls instead for a new approach for documentary to ‘speak with’ reality.

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Crawford, Paul Ward. "Aiding aid : a monitoring & evaluating framework to enhance international aid effectiveness /." Electronic version, 2004. http://adt.lib.uts.edu.au/public/adt-NTSM20041202.160749/index.html.

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Seekings, David Robert. "Caring about aid : an ethics of care approach to global health aid." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/30667.

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Taken on face value the concept of foreign aid seems to imply some level of caring on the part of donors for recipients, but in reality aid is given for all kinds of reasons, many that have nothing to do with care. This project seeks to understand what aid would look like if it was designed and delivered from a caring perspective and how that change would impact aid recipients. Using an ethics of care perspective I examine current thought on our ethical obligations to the poor, demonstrating how the relational perspective of a care approach moves the discussion away from abstract debates to focus on the concrete daily realities of people struggling with poverty and poor health. A care approach helps expose the broader social, political and economic background against which global health and development problems occur. Mainstream approaches to global health that focus on human rights, economic growth and security provide only a partial picture of that background. In contrast a care approach to global health keeps the focus sharply on the targets of aid, working to create space for them to give voice to their experiences and empowering them to create more responsive aid programs. After discussing what a care approach to health would look like at the theoretical level I apply it to the case of global aid for HIV/AIDS. By analyzing three of the largest HIV/AIDS relief efforts, the U.S., U.K. and Global Fund programs, I show both the strengths and weaknesses of these programs as well as how they could be adapted using a care approach to become more responsive to the needs of target communities. A care approach offers scholars of global aid an important critical prescriptive that brings to light aspects of poverty and poor health that can be missed by conventional perspectives and provides policy makers with a tool to build more caring and responsive aid policy, empowering aid recipients as active partners in the aid process.

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Farooq, Sohail. "Assessing foreign aid, the case of foreign aid to the education sector." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2012. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3691/.

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The ultimate financial responsibility for improving educational access, participation, and quality lies with national governments. However, for many countries, particularly the poorest, educational progress depends, to a significant extent, on economic assistance coming from bilateral and multilateral donors. This study tries to understand how donors mobilize and allocate their resources to promote the education sector in the developing world, and to what extent they are successful in doing so. Our primary interest lies in the analysis of donor agencies and their behaviours, rather than the situations of education aid recipient countries. In addition to a chapter for the introduction and another for the conclusion, we assess education aid with the help of three interlinked studies. First, we look at how donors resource transfers have affected education sector achievements in education aid recipient countries. Second, we examine how donors commit their education aid resources for education in developing countries. Third, we present the determinants of the donors efforts (the total volume of education aid that a donor country makes available to the all recipients) in providing foreign aid for the education sector.

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Walmer, Courtney N. "Four approaches to aid : a histortical analysis of aid efforts in Swaziland." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/1518.

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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.
Bachelors
Sciences
Political Science

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Abunnur, Abdelmonaem. "ESSAYS ON FOREIGN AID EFFECTIVENESS: THE ROLE OF MONITORING PROCEDURES IN IMPROVING AID EFFECTIVENESS AND THE IMPACT OF AID-RECIPIENT GOVERNANCE ON AID ALLOCATION AND WELFARE IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES." OpenSIUC, 2016. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1286.

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This dissertation presents three essays on foreign aid effectiveness. Chapter 1 presents the role of monitoring procedures in improving the effectiveness of foreign aid. It analyzes how monitoring procedures influence the government’s effort and improve the effectiveness of foreign aid. The chapter considers two cases, the case in which the donor has unrestricted aid budget and the case where the donor has a fixed aid budget. The main concern in this chapter is determining the optimal contract for the donor that maximizes the effectiveness of the aid given her aid budget when she dealing with aid-recipients in the presence of moral hazard problem. The model analyzes the monitoring procedures between two players, donor and recipient in a one-shot game. It assumes that the decision to monitor and the choice of the recipient's action are taken simultaneously. It suggests that with a fixed aid budget the donor is unlikely to invest heavily in monitoring cost and reward payment since the primary purpose of such aid is to help the poor in the recipient country. The reward payment which provides incentives for the recipient to work does indeed have a stronger effect on the likelihood of project success. It also shows that both the probability of monitoring and the optimal reward respond differently to change in monitoring cost. Chapter 2 studies the effect of aid-recipient governance on the allocation of foreign aid. It examines the hypothesis that better governance can reduce aid transaction cost which increases the assistance received by developing countries. The following questions were the main concern of this chapter, does better governance increase the amount of foreign aid delivered to developing countries? Do donors consider the levels of recipient’s governance when they allocate their funding? The chapter adopts annual data on a group of 67 developing countries covering Africa, and South Asia for the period from 2003 to 2014. It shows a positive relationship between two of our six governance indicators and the quantity of foreign aid. In fact, only control of corruption and voice and accountability have statistically significant effect on the amount of aid. It also shows that control variables have important effect in the determinate of foreign aid expect GDP per capita. Chapter 3 studies the impact of aid-recipient governance on aggregate welfare in developing countries. It investigates whether the effect of foreign aid on human development depends on the level of governance in recipient countries. These relationships are explored in an econometric analysis, 2SLS estimation, of panel data for the period from 2003 to 2014 in a sample of 67 developing countries. Our hypothesis is that better governance provides a better environment for foreign aid donor to achieve their goals. The main findings show that aid has a positive impact on human development only when it interacts with two out of the six indicators of governance: control of corruption and political stability. Aid by itself and military expenditures have a negative impact on the human development index.

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Menard, Audrey-Rose. "Essays on aid development." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAB018/document.

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L'objectif de cette thèse est d'élargir le champ d'étude relatif à l'aide étrangère, en examinant aussi bien les conséquences des flux d'aide sur les pays en développement que les implications et tenants des politiques d'aide pour les économies développées. Dans le Chapitre 1, nous montrons que l’aide peut améliorer les institutions politiques lorsqu'elle est allouée par des agences multilatérales. Ses bénéfices sont d'autant plus notables que l'économie de l'Etat récipiendaire se délie des rentes pétrolières. Le Chapitre 2 révèle qu’aucune relation causale n’existe entre l’aide et la corruption au sein des Etats bénéficiaires. Le Chapitre 3 montre que l’aide améliore l'efficience technique avec laquelle les Etats bénéficiaires assurent leur production nationale, d'autant plus que les pays bénéficiaires se démocratisent et contrôlent leur inflation. Le Chapitre 4 révèle que les politiques d'aide, de migrations et de chômage sont intimement imbriquées. En particulier, la décision d'allouer des fonds d'aide étrangère est tributaire de la santé économique des Etats émetteurs (le taux de chômage) et soumise aux pressions des flux migratoires
The objective of this dissertation is to contribute to the existing knowledge about foreign aid, either about its consequences on the developing world or about its implications for developed economies. Chapter 1 shows that aid improves public institutions when aid is allocated by multilateral agencies. The benefits of aid are even more valuable in countries not reliant on their oil resources rents. In Chapter 2 we analyse the possible Granger causal relationships running between foreign aid and corruption in developing countries. Our data reveal that aid does not result in more or less corruption, and reversely corruption does not exert a significant influence on future assistance. In Chapter 3 we evidence that foreign assistance enhances the recipient country's efficiency of production, in particular when the country has democratic and macroeconomic sound institutions. Chapter 4 reports our data analysis on donors' domestic policies. Aid, migration and unemployment policies are recognized to be tightly connected for OECD donors. Specifically, aid policies are partly shaped by the burden of unemployment and the stock of migrants observed in the donor country

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Scheving, Thorsteinsson Astridur. "State aid to airlines." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ64301.pdf.

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Carter, Patrick William. "Essays on foreign aid." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.540905.

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Jalles, D'Orey Maria Ana. "Unpacking health aid effectiveness." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2013. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/48790/.

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This thesis provides an unpacked analysis of health aid effectiveness using Mozambique as a case-study. It comprises of three main papers of independent but related research. The first paper adds to the literature by employing a new model to study the impact of health aid on health outcomes. By taking into account the heterogeneity that exists in the amount of health aid received between Mozambican provinces, a multilevel model is specified. After recognizing significant variation of health outcomes between provinces, I found no statistical evidence that health aid was a cause of those variations. The second paper provides a systematic analysis of donors’ health aid disbursement decisions in-country. Using a game theoretic framework and grounded in qualitative evidence from Mozambique, this paper shows that donors have allocation tactics other than state-to-state aid to pursue their goals which are translated into opting for alternative channels of delivery. Simultaneously, this research acknowledges the non-passive role of the recipient country, i.e., donors’ decisions of how to allocate aid are mediated by the recipient’s response to their actions. This chapter suggests that recipient-donors’ strategic interactions are crucial to understand donors’ allocation behaviour and have direct consequences for aid effectiveness. The last paper explores empirically and theoretically aid coordination efforts of aid agencies. After providing an insight into the implementation of coordination in the health sector in Mozambique, this chapter explores why different agencies differ in their motivations to coordinate, based on the distinction between public and private good properties of coordination. Finally, using a collective action theory framework and aided by Schelling’s (1973) diagrams, this chapter illustrates why it is so hard to coordinate. My results show that individual incentives to coordinate are neither strong nor stable. Furthermore, the success of coordination depends, inter alia, on the number of agencies that perceive coordination as a public versus private good and the role and involvement of the lead donor and the recipient country.

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Подолкова, Світлана Віталіївна, Светлана Витальевна Подолкова, Svitlana Vitaliivna Podolkova, and N. Provozin. "Smart spectacles aid translation." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2010. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/18224.

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24

Mti, Sehlule Nontutuzelo. "Aid, infrastructure and growth." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/10960.

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In their seminal paper, Burnside and Dollar (2000) introduced the interactive term aid*policy into growth equations. Most studies up until then had merely added aid as a variable on its own with GDP growth as the dependent variable in order to check aid effectiveness.

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Lotspeich, Felisha Lynn. "Humanitarian Aid Comparative Study." Miami University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=muhonors1194896012.

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Moore, Calvin. "Remote hearing aid fitting." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12025.

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Includes abstract.
Includes bibliographical references.
Hearing aid fitting is a costly process due to the cost of hearing aids, audiologists' hourly rates, and large travelling distances caused by regionally sparse audiologist populations. This dissertation is focused on the development of a system which aims at reducing the severity of this problem.

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Timmis, Emilija. "Fiscal effects of aid." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2015. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/28812/.

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This thesis analyses fiscal effects of aid, first of health aid on health spending for a sample of developing countries and then broadly for Ethiopia and Tanzania. Particular attention is paid to data quality and the severe difficulties in achieving a reliable disaggregation of aid into its on-budget and off-budget components. The first essay assesses the sensitivity of estimated health aid fungibility to how the missing data (often considerable) are treated and explores a novel (at least in economics) method of multiple imputation. The second essay provides a conceptual framework for the disaggregation of (sector) aid into its on-budget and off-budget components. Given that complete binary distinction is not feasible, the aid-spending relationship is explored from a broader fiscal effects angle. This yields new insights on assessing the effect of health aid on health spending. Contributing to the growing body of evidence based on time-series methods, two essays adopt a case study approach to analyse distinct fiscal dynamics in Tanzania and Ethiopia, invoking detailed understanding of qualitative economic and political context to complement the quantitative data. Both essays employ current Cointegrated Vector Auto-Regressive (CVAR) techniques to distinguish long run equilibrium relationships from short term adjustment mechanisms, test for variable exogeneity and identify which variables adjust to disequilibrium. The fifth and final essay addresses the differences between donor and recipient data records for the two countries, demonstrating that the direction of the discrepancies is not necessarily predicted from the outset and affects the estimated fiscal effects of (and on) aid. These essays contribute to the growing literature using country case studies to assess the fiscal effects of aid.

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Shockley, Keith J. "Intelligent Maintenance Aid (IMA)." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/2719.

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Technological complexities of current ground combat systems require advanced maintenance methods to keep the fleet in a state of operational readiness. Currently, maintenance personnel use paper Technical Manuals (TM) that are cumbersome and not easily transportable or updated in the field. This thesis proposes using the latest technology to support maintainers in the field or depot by integrating the TMs with the onboard diagnostics Built-In-Test (BIT) and Fault Isolation Test (FIT) of the vehicle, to provide the maintainer with an improved diagnostics tool to expedite troubleshooting analysis. This will be accomplished by connecting the vehicle, using the vehicle's 1553 multiplex bus, with the Graphical User Interface (GUI) of an Intelligent Maintenance Aid (IMA). The IMA will use Troubleshooting Procedure (TP) codes generated during BIT and FIT testing. Using the information provided by these TP codes, through the IMA GUI, information from the technical manuals will be displayed to aid the maintainers in their diagnostic work. The results of this thesis will serve as a baseline for further research and will be presented to the program management office for combat systems (PM-CS) for further consideration and development.
US Army RDECOM-TACOM author (civilian).

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Qian, Yi. "Financial aid data warehouse /." Connect to title online, 2008. http://minds.wisconsin.edu/handle/1793/34216.

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Mitsutomi, Yoshihiro. "Assessing japanese aid allocation /." Oslo : Department of Economics, Universitetet i Oslo, 2007. http://www.duo.uio.no/publ/okonomisk/2007/65748/thesis_yoshihiro_mitsutomi_final.pdf.

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BROUSE, KIRSTEN. "Adaptive Aid in Haiti? How Aid Organizations Learn and Adapt in Fragile States." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/34420.

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If we understand development as an emergent property of a complex system, then effective development assistance needs to adapt and evolve in-context. This thesis explores how learning and adaptation practices might help aid organizations apply complexity thinking to improve their effectiveness. Based on a new framework of organizational practices, this study uses a mixed methods approach to assess the extent to which 12 small and medium international aid organizations in Haiti learn and adapt. The study supports the assumption that learning and adaptation contribute to effectiveness, and finds that organizations vary significantly in their learning and adaptation practices. It finds that development organizations employ more learning practices than humanitarian assistance organizations, and that organizations are generally better at collecting information and adopting learning attitudes, than they are at establishing the structures and processes they need to be truly adaptive. The research also finds that the barriers that make learning and adaptation more difficult for organizations are largely structural and related to aid system dynamics, while organizations benefit from enablers that are largely attributed to individual agency. This thesis argues for the important role that aid organizations can, and must play in making aid more effective – at the project, organization, and aid system levels. However, the aid system itself does not encourage learning. International aid organizations will therefore need to actively engage in learning if they are to play an effective role in development, and be a meaningful part of the system-level aid effectiveness dialogue.

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Khan, Faheem Jehangir. "Inside foreign aid : donor-government interactions and the aid policy network in Pakistan." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.687687.

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Despite an extensive debate on foreign aid, the voluminous aid literature mainly focuses on donors' strategies, aid modalities, and the scope for foreign aid to improve development indicators. The evaluation of foreign aid outcomes (or aid effectiveness) dominates the debate. The aid literature has rarely considered the aid policy process and the influence of aid policy networks on managing foreign aid decisions in an aid recipient country. This research responds to this gap by providing new understanding of how the aid community interacts and manages aid decisions in Pakistan. The aim of this research is to explore how donors and the Pakistan government interact to manage foreign aid in the aid policy network. This research provides an in-depth, qualitative, rich description of donor-Pakistan government interactions in managing the aid policy process. These insights are valuable in improving existing knowledge about the complexities, interdependencies and constraints involved in managing foreign aid in Pakistan. This research focuses on donor-government interactions in the complex web of multiple actors. First, it maps the network structure in place to manage the aid delivery system. Second, it explores the network management strategies actors employ in their attempt to manage the aid policy process. Finally, it examines the influence of aid proliferation and state capacity on managing foreign aid in Pakistan. This study concludes that many of the problems of international development aid are known to the actors involved in the aid policy process in Pakistan. However, there has been a lack of collective action on practical steps to make foreign aid more effective that adds to the complexity of the aid policy process. To make the aid policy process work better and eventually enhance the value and effectiveness of foreign aid, the Pakistan government and donors need to review their partnership strategies and interaction practices to make aid efforts more collaborative and improve coordination. The Pakistan government needs to focus more on overcoming capacity issues and shortages of technical expertise in the public sector, while donors should cooperate with the government in curtailing high transaction costs. Nonetheless, overcoming the passive acceptance of the problems among actors involved in the aid delivery process is likely to be hugely challenging.

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Björklöv, Ruth. "Are we Making Promises without Proof? : An empirical analysis of the impacts that democracy support and aid targeting education have on democratization." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Nationalekonomiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-414832.

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As democracy promotion has become an increasingly important aspect on the agenda of foreign aid donors, and since such prioritization of funding comes at the expense of other development areas, it is arguably of interest for donors as well as researchers to investigate its actual impact on democratization. This study endeavors to examine the influence of two types of foreign assistance that could potentially contribute to a democratic development, directlythrough democracy support and indirectly through aid focused on education. Four models of regression analysis are applied on a data set of 65 developing countries receiving Official Development Assistance (ODA), during the period of 2006–2018. The findings of this study are inconclusive in determining the influence of these aid types, as the main results show no significant effects on the Freedom House grading of the recipient countries. Yet, when using an alternative measurement, the Democracy Index, directly focused democracy support appears to have a slight positive and significant impact on democratization. These results should however be interpreted with caution due to the risk of reversed causality.

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34

Pycroft, Jonathan. "The Impact of Development Interventions in Ethiopia : Foreign Aid, Aid Trade and Agricultural Technology." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.507000.

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35

Novak, Adam. "Development aid in struggles for world order : Czechoslovak foreign aid during the Cold War." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.594597.

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This thesis reconstructs the history of Czechoslovak foreign aid 1948-1989, based on published and unpublished documents of the period. I propose a periodization rooted in the global class struggle and the internal dynamics of the Soviet commonwealth, within a historical sociological framework of uneven and combined development. Czechoslovakia was the USSR's most active ally in the provision of foreign aid to Third World governments and national liberation movements. Early optimism about the anti-colonial movement was reflected in ambitious attempts to expand Soviet style social relations and forms of state. This gave way to a more cautious programme corresponding to the Soviet bloc strategy of 'peaceful coexistence.' The rulers of non-aligned countries effectively became the revolutionary subject in Soviet and Czechoslovak theories of world revolution, and the adhesion of the non-aligned countries to Soviet projects of world order became the primary motivation for provision of foreign aid. There was also an expansion of foreign aid to support the development of trade with solvent non-aligned countries, and a corresponding decline in aid to those non-European countries of socialist orientation which were not of geopolitical interest to the Soviet bloc. This pattern was modified somewhat during the early 1980s, when the resurgent military confrontation with the US-led western bloc led to an expansion of Czechoslovak foreign aid to selected strategic allies. Early attempts to overcome the conditions of uneven and combined development by extension of the Soviet political economy gave way in most countries to policies which tended to reproduce uneven and combined development at a higher level of industrialisation and economic integration. Non European countries that joined the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance were more able to close the gap with the European socialist bloc, but by the 1980s, a growing use of market mechanisms meant that multilateral mechanisms in the socialist bloc also tended to reinforce and reproduce uneven and combined development. Foreign aid is approached using a historical materialist analysis, drawing on Leon Trotsky's theory of uneven and combined development and permanent revolution, and Antonio Gramsci's concepts of hegemony and passive revolution. The vacillation of the Czechoslovak and Soviet aid systems between attempts to overcome the uneven and combined development of the non-European socialist countries on the one hand, and efforts to extract a short-term benefit from these conditions and to recreate them at a higher level of development on the other hand is explained as a reflection of the transitional nature of the Soviet social formation as nether state capitalist nor fully socialist. The Soviet contestation of western hegemony is explored in three dimensions: expansion of non-capitalist social relations, expansion of particular state forms, and promotion of a particular world order.

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36

Grapenfelt, Gustaf. "Aid allocation behavior : The impact and progress of aid objectives in the MENA-region." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Nationalekonomiska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-221028.

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This thesis provides an empirical indication of how the objectives of official development assistance (ODA), granted by the top five donors, affects the aid policy in the MENA region during the period 1990-2012, and how these objectives have changed during the period 2005-2012. As a first result, alleviation of poverty, commercial interests and the democratic status of the recipient altogether influence aid policy in the region. Recipients’ need and commercial interest are both important objectives for the donors but they have both lost some of its impact in recent times. Historical ties with France affect the aid policy in the region and strategic interests of the donors appear to have an unexpected effect on aid allocation behavior e.g. oil rich countries receive less aid, ceteris paribus. The democratic status of the recipient has a positive significant effect on received aid for the average recipient and the impact has increased with time in the MENA region. Moreover, donors react differently to recipients’ needs, commercial interest and democracy and there are also several differences among recipients with abundant oil resources and those with insignificant oil resources.

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Sarges, Florian [Verfasser]. "Elite Compatibility in Foreign Aid : An Institutional Approach for Increasing Aid Effectiveness / Florian Sarges." Baden-Baden : Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1160484252/34.

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38

Pant, G. P. "Foreign aid and economic growth in Nepal with reference to Chinese and Soviet aid." Thesis, University of Reading, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376820.

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39

Campos, Mary Grace T. "Quality of Life Differences Between First-Year Undergraduate Financial Aid and Non-Aid Recipients." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32688.

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The literature available on financial aid addresses how aid promotes access and equal educational opportunity by enabling students to matriculate into college. The literature also discusses how financial aid impacts studentsâ ability to persist to degree completion. However, there seems to be little research on how financial aid affects studentsâ lives while they are in college. The present study attempted to address this gap in the existing literature by examining the differences in quality of life between college students receiving financial aid and those not receiving such aid.

For purposes of this study, quality of life was defined by four dimensions culled from the literature: (a) material possessions; (b) housing; (c) use of time; and (d) support mechanisms. Financial aid was defined as any need-based grant, loan, or work-study money awarded to a student.

Data were collected using the Quality of Life survey developed specifically for this study. The survey consisted of 59 items that were designed to measure the four dimensions of studentsâ quality of life. The target sample for this study consisted of 600 first year undergraduate students: 300 financial aid recipients and 300 non-aid recipients.

The findings revealed significant differences in three of the four areas: material possessions, use of time, and support mechanisms. These findings suggest that those who administer financial aid programs and those responsible for creating financial aid policies may wish to consider the role financial aid plays in the quality of life of students.
Master of Arts

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40

Williams, Laura. "The changing winds of aid : An exploration of of aid disbursements to Muslim countries." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-323894.

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There have been many deadly terrorist attacks which have taken place in the 21st Century. At the turn of the century the world was transfixed as two planes were hijacked and flown into the ‘Twin Towers.’ Many recent attacks have been carried out by Islamic Fundamentalist groups. In 2015, Boko Haram, the Taliban, Daesh and Al-Qaeda were responsible for 74% of all terrorist attacks which took place across the globe. It is widely recognised that aid is used to promote donor interests in areas such as curbing terrorism. This thesis is focused on identifying whether terrorist attacks which have been carried out by Islamic Fundamentalist groups has increased the amount of aid to Muslim countries. The research identifies that in the earliest parts of the 21st century Iraq and Afghanistan received large proportions of aid due to the ‘War on Terror.’ From 2010 onwards this trend shifts and other countries that have large Muslim populations have increasingly received vast proportions of aid. This trend has been attributed to the changing context and concerns such as the War in Syria and the migration crisis. The research also looks at whether isolated terrorist incidents influence aid allocations. I have examined trends related to UK aid before and after the 7/7 bombings. The evidence shows that countries which are defined by the US Department of State as ‘state sponsors of terrorism’ and ‘terrorist safe havens’ have received more aid after the 9/11 hijackings and then after the 7/7 bombings.

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Rutledge, Kate Laura. "A Music Listening Questionnaire for Hearing Aid Users." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Communication Disorders, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/3194.

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To date, very few studies have been conducted focusing on ratings of music and music listening experience of hearing aid (HA) users. This study aimed to collect more detailed and descriptive information via a questionnaire, on the music listening experience and ratings of musical sounds from postlingually deafened adults. The following hypotheses were posed: (i) ratings for music from HA users who have been assessed for a cochlear implant (HA-CI group) will be worse than those who have not been assessed for a CI (HA-NCI group); and (ii) HA users with a moderate or worse hearing loss (Moderate+ subgroup) will provide lower ratings for music than those with a mild hearing loss (Mild subgroup). A questionnaire by She (2008), was modified for this study, and subsequently called the University of Canterbury Music Listening Questionnaire – HA version (UCMLQ_HA). The questionnaire was divided into the following seven sections: music listening and music background, sound quality ratings, music styles, music preferences, music recognition, factors affecting music listening enjoyment, and a music training programme. Thirteen HA-CI recipients and 98 HA-NCI recipients returned the questionnaire. The HA-NCI group was divided into two subgroups: mild hearing loss (n = 51), and moderate or worse hearing loss (Moderate+; n = 47). Essentially findings were consistent with hypothesis one, but only partially consistent with hypothesis two. The HA-CI group provided lower ratings for ‘pleasantness’ and ‘naturalness’ of instruments (p = 0.007), and found music styles to be less ‘pleasant’ (p < 0.001) than the HA-NCI group. For musical styles, the HA-CI group preferred solo performers whereas the HA-NCI group preferred groups of performers. In addition to ratings of music, the HA-CI group provided significantly lower ratings for music listening (p = 0.001), and overall music enjoyment (p = 0.021) than the HA-NCI group. For the comparisons between the Mild and Moderate+ subgroups, the Mild subgroup found Instruments to sound significantly ‘less noisy’ (p < 0.001) and ‘less sharp’ (p < 0.001) than the Moderate+ subgroup. The Moderate+ subgroup provided higher ratings for overall enjoyment of listening to music with HAs than the Mild subgroup (p = 0.044). Both subgroups rated the drum kit (the lowest rated Instrument) to be significantly less pleasant and less natural than all other Instruments. It was also found that all musical styles were significantly more pleasant than Pop/Rock. There were similarities between the groups for music preferences; the male singer was significantly preferred over female singers (p = 0.021), and low-pitched instruments were significantly preferred over high-pitched instruments (p = 0.04). Classical music was also selected as the style that sounded the best with their HAs and listened to the most often. Almost all of the respondents indicated that they would like music in general to sound it would to those with normal hearing (97.1%). Close to 30% indicated that they would be interested in an MTP and would like it to focus on a wide range of music and feature commonly known tunes. In addition, training sessions should consist of two 30 minute sessions per week. Overall this study indicates that ratings of music differ with level of hearing loss to some degree. The general consensus was that music did not sound as they would expect it to sound to a person with normal hearing, and that respondents would like to enjoy listening to music more.

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42

Spletstoser, John. "Implementing a first aid and CPR/AED program within the Eau Claire County Sheriff's Office Reserve Corps Division." Online version, 2002. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2002/2002spletstoserj.pdf.

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43

Akramov, Kamiljon T. "Governance and foreign aid allocation." Santa Monica, CA : RAND, 2006. http://www.rand.org/pubs/rgsd_issertations/RGSD202/.

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44

Salmonsson, Martin. "Foreign aid : an elite survey." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Political Science, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-915.

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The inability of foreign aid to generate an appropriate model for development and the complexities related to Official Development Assistance (ODA) to the “Third World” are what initiated my interest to write about foreign aid. In this study I seek to further elabo-rate on this complex issue on foreign aid; does it lead to development or dependency?

Within the debate, the controversy exists around aid dependency and economic growth and is fuelled by the fact that Sub-Saharan Africa has barely achieved any poverty reduction since the 1960´s. Mr. William Easterly an ex-World Bank employee represents the critical opinion to Foreign Aid. He argues that the international foreign aid programme is characterized by a westernized, patronizing and post-colonial approach, which yields dependency rather than development in today’s world of free-market economies. Foreign aid as we know it must therefore be abolished. Mr. Jeffrey Sachs Current World Bank employee and UN secretary advisor represents the supporters of foreign aid. He argues that foreign aid works efficiently and calls for the doubling of foreign aid and the need for donor countries to reach the one percent target of GDP.

In this case study of foreign aid, the subject under investigation (the argumentation within the public debate) is studied through a historical perspective. Secondly a comparison will be made between the public debate and the way this issue is discussed among field workers.

An interesting observation when analyzing the discussions on foreign aid efficiency in international aid programme is that the polarization witnessed in the public- or “elite” debate is not as obvious when analyzing the opinion of aid-workers. This would imply that uncertainty about aid efficiency is exaggerated in the public debate.

By resolving problems of classical development theories, rather than rethinking the purpose of aid based on its positive affects, foreign aid may be robbed of its real potential.

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45

Larsen, Emil Wiik, and Espen Oldervoll Moberg. "Hearing Aid for Social Situations." Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-9593.

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Conventional hearing aids perform badly in environments with reverberation and noise. In this paper the use of microphone arrays as hearing aids to increase directivity and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in a noisy environment are evaluated. A portable microphone array prototype is constructed to test beamforming algorithms in a real environment. Delay and sum beamforming, sub-band beamforming and an experimental type of binaural beamforming is implemented in real-time using the digital signal processor ADSP-BF533. Results from testing showed that a four microphone array using sub-band beamforming outperforms delay and sum beamforming using the same number of microphones. The results also showed that it is possible to obtain binaural impression of the array output and source localization using the proposed binaural technique called beamspreading.

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Baldock, Penny Jean. "Australian attitudes to foreign aid /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1997. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09arb178.pdf.

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Clist, Paul. "Aid allocation, composition and effects." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2010. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11642/.

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The thesis examines aid. It has two specific topics within that: the link between aid and domestic tax revenue, and aid allocation. In the chapter on aid and tax, it is shown that there is a negative link between aid in the form of grants and domestic tax revenue, but that this link is only found to be negative in the very earliest years of the sample (1970-1985). In more recent times, aid (grants or loans) have a positive effect on domestic tax revenue. There are two specific contributions within aid allocation. First, the reasons why aid is given are examined, and catalogued using the 4P framework: poverty, policy, population and proximity. Individual donors are examined, which allows a greater degree of clarity. Second, I move beyond examining the total amount of aid given, to study the type of aid given. It is shown that donors do practice policy selectivity at this level of disaggregation.

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Van, De Sijpe Nicolas. "Foreign aid and government behaviour." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.530083.

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RIECHE, ADRIANA CESCHIN. "TRANSLATION MEMORY: AID OR HANDICAP?" PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2004. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=4974@1.

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COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
Diante do papel cada vez mais importante desempenhado pelas ferramentas de auxílio à tradução no trabalho de tradutores profissionais, a discussão das conseqüências de sua utilização assume especial interesse. O presente estudo concentra-se em apenas uma dessas ferramentas: os sistemas de memória de tradução, que surgiram prometendo ganhos de produtividade, maior consistência e economia. O objetivo é analisar os principais fatores que levam a problemas de qualidade nesses sistemas e apresentar sugestões para melhorar o controle da qualidade realizado, ressaltando a necessidade de manutenção e revisão das memórias para que realmente sirvam ao propósito de serem ferramentas e não empecilhos para o tradutor. Essas questões serão analisadas no contexto do mercado de localização de software, segmento em que as memórias de tradução são amplamente utilizadas, à luz das abordagens contemporâneas sobre qualidade da tradução.
Considering the increasingly important role played by computer-aided translation tools in the work of professional translators, the discussion about their use gains special interest. This study focuses on only one of these tools: translation memory systems, which were developed to ensure productivity gains, more consistency and cost savings. The objective is to analyze the major factors leading to quality problems in such systems and to suggest ways to enhance quality control, emphasizing the need for updating and reviewing the translation memories so that they can actually serve as translation aids rather than handicaps. These issues will be analyzed in the context of the software localization market, a segment in which translation memories are widely used, in the light of contemporary approaches to translation quality assessment.

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Skarda, Ieva. "Essays on foreign development aid." Thesis, University of York, 2018. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/20886/.

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The first part of this thesis demonstrates how economic inequality in the aid recipient country is detrimental to aid effectiveness. We model a recipient country that is characterised by a relatively rich local elite and poor rest of the population that compete over economic resources. Foreign aid is shown to be more effective when there is lower economic inequality, because of the lower contesting ability of the elite in this scenario. This hypothesis is supported by evidence using data from 59 recipient countries over 1971-2005. The second part of the thesis analyses two types of aid using a neoclassical growth framework, integrating the economies of aid donor and recipient. The focus is on the comparison between aid invested in social projects, such as building schools, hospitals, and aid invested in economic projects, such as building roads and bridges. Both types of aid are assumed to raise the productivity of the households in the recipient country, but social aid is also allowed to have a `direct effect' on the utility of these households. The projects can also differ in terms of their productivity and aid wastage levels. Because of this `direct effect' social aid has an advantage over economic aid. However, when the social-aid wastage exceeds a certain level, the advantage of the social aid rapidly decreases in the level of social aid wastage, up to a point of becoming negligible. This questions whether the recent surge in social aid can be justified in countries with social sectors characterised by high aid wastage.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Aid'

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