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Journal articles on the topic 'AHRI 210/240'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Shen, Bo, and Moonis R. Ally. "Energy and Exergy Analysis of Low-Global Warming Potential Refrigerants as Replacement for R410A in Two-Speed Heat Pumps for Cold Climates." Energies 13, no. 21 (October 29, 2020): 5666. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13215666.

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Heat pumps (HPs) are being developed with a new emphasis on cold climates. To lower the environmental impact of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, alternate low global warming potential (GWP) refrigerants must also replace the exclusive use of the refrigerant R410A, preferably without re-engineering the mechanical hardware. In this paper, we analyze the performance of four low-GWP alternative refrigerants (R32, R452B, R454B, and R466A) relative to the conventional R410A and draw conclusions on the relative performances for providing heating in cold climates based on the Air-Conditioning, Heating, and Refrigeration Institute (AHRI) 210/240 standard for two-speed heat pumps. The simulations are carried using the Department of Energy, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (DOE/ORNL) Heat Pump Design Model (HPDM), a well-known heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) modeling and design tool in the public domain and the HVAC research and development community. The results of the simulation are further scrutinized using exergy analysis to identify sources of systemic inefficiency, the root cause of lost work. This rigorous approach provides an exhaustive analysis of alternate low-GWP refrigerants to replace R410A using available compressors and system components, without compromising performance.

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2

LI, QUBO, DEMISS A. AMIBE, and NORBERT MÜLLER. "USING WATER VAPOR AS REFRIGERANT IN MULTISTAGE VARIABLE SPEED TURBO COMPRESSOR TO IMPROVE SEASONAL ENERGY EFFICIENCY RATIO OF AIR CONDITIONING." International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration 19, no. 02 (June 2011): 131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010132511000491.

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An air conditioning system using water as refrigerant (R718) that compresses water vapor with multistage stage variable speed axial compressor with intercooling between stages by water injection is considered. Four stage compression with flash intercooling resulted in 50% improvement of coefficient of performance (COP) at full load compared to conventional refrigerants like R134a. The energy efficiency of an air conditioning unit is specified by seasonal energy efficiency ratio (SEER). SEER is defined as the ratio of cooling output of an air conditioner measured and electrical energy consumption as per AHRI 210/240 during cooling season. The SEER is computed after determining the evaporator cooling capacity and the electrical energy demand of the compressor at each bin temperature using assumed compressor isentropic efficiency, mechanical efficiency and electrical efficiency and multiplying by the weight of each bin temperature to determine the total for the cooling season. As a result of multistage compression, best part load performance of water as a refrigerant and operation of compressor near design point at part load due to variable speed drive, 50%–60% improvement in SEER is obtained compared to the best available in the market using conventional refrigerants such as R134a with single stage compression.

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3

Siregar, I. H., Suharyana, A. Khakim, D. Siregar, and A. R. Frida. "Estimation of weekly 99Mo production by AHR 200 kW." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 776 (November 2016): 012088. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/776/1/012088.

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4

López, Rick. "Kristine Ibsen . Maximilian, Mexico, and the Invention of Empire . Nashville, Tenn.: Vanderbilt University Press. 2010. Pp. viii, 210. $55.00." American Historical Review 116, no. 4 (October 2011): 1172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr.116.4.1172.

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5

AR, Khairan, Resi Rizki Nanda, Andika Prajana, and Mulyadi Abdul Wahid. "RANCANG BANGUN GAME EDUKATIF “MUSLIMAH ADVENTURE” SEBAGAI MEDIA DAKWAH MEMANFAATKAN APLIKASI SCRATCH 2.0." Jurnal Phi; Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika dan Fisika Terapan 1, no. 1 (March 4, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/p-jpft.v1i1.6497.

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Penelitian dengan tajuk musliman adventure ini, dilakukan untuk membuat game dengan tema petualangan bagi muslimah menggunakan aplikasi scratch 2.0 dengan metode Riset and Development (R&D) dengan tahapan pengembangan game adalah: analisis, desain, pengembangan, implementasi, dan pengujian. Selain itu, untuk memastikan bahwa game yang dirancang sesuai dengan yang diharapkan, penulis melakukan pengujian kelayakan serta penerimaan game oleh ahli media dan mahasiswa. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, diperoleh hasil kelayakan materi sebesar 4.24 dengan kategori sangat layak. Sedangkan ahli media memberikan penilaian sebesar 4.33 dengan kategori sangat layak. Adapun angket yang disebarkan pada mahasiswi, diperoleh skor rata-rata 4.07 dengan prediket baik. Didasarkan pada hasil pengujian tersebut, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa game dengan tema muslimah advanture ini layak untuk dijadikan media dakwah bagi mahasiswi Fakultas Tarbiyah dan Keguruan UIN Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh.

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6

Supahar, Supahar, and Zuhdan Kun Prasetyo. "PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN PENILAIAN KINERJA KEMAMPUAN INKUIRI PESERTA DIDIK PADA MATA PELAJARAN FISIKA SMA." Jurnal Penelitian dan Evaluasi Pendidikan 19, no. 1 (June 25, 2015): 96–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/pep.v19i1.4560.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan instrumen penilaian kinerja kemampuan inkuiri mata pelajaran fisika peserta didik SMA. Instrumen terdiri atas empat paket perangkat tes yang masing-masing terdiri atas 30 butir tes termasuk 9 butir bersama yang telah divalidasi oleh ahli pendidikan fisika, ahli fisika, ahli pengukuran, dan praktisi. Instrumen diujicobakan pada 2015 peserta didik. Model respon butir politomus empat kategori digunakan untuk menganalisis data hasil uji coba menurut Partial Credit Model (PCM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, berdasarkan kriteria batas terendah dan tertinggi mean INFIT MNSQ, yaitu 0,77 dan 1,30 butir tes semuanya fit dengan model PCM. Tingkat kesulitan butir-butir tes berada pada rentang antara -0,83 sampai +0,84 yang berarti butir-butir tes dalam kategori baik karena nilainya di antara -2,0 dan +2,0. Fungsi informasi total tes relatif tinggi untuk kemampuan antara -2,5 sampai +2,5. Dengan demikian, instrumen yang dikembangkan dapat digunakan untuk meng-ukur kemampuan inkuiri mata pelajaran fisika siswa SMA. Hasil pengukuran menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan inkuiri peserta didik pada mata pelajaran fisika SMA di DIY berada di atas kemampuan rata-rata.Kata kunci: kemampuan inkuiri, mata pelajaran fisika SMA, Penilaian kinerja.______________________________________________________________ DEVELOPING ASSESSMENT INSTRUMENT OF THE PERFORMANCE OF THE INQUIRY ABILITIES IN PHYSICS SUBJECT OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTSAbstract The research was to develop an assessment instrument of performance for the inquiry ability of physic subject of senior high school students. The instrument consisted of four package sets of test and each of the sets consisted of 30 test items, including 9 items that had been validated by the expert of physic education, the expert of physic, the expert of measurement and the practitioner. The instrument was tested to 2,015 learning participants. The four-category politomous item response model was implemented for the data analysis of the experiment results according to the Partial Credit Model (PCM). The results of the research showed that based on the criteria of the lowest benchmark and the highest benchmark of mean INFIT MNSQ, was 0.77 and 1.30, all of the test items had been fit with the PCM model. The difficulty level of the test items was between -0.83 and +0,84 which implied that the test items belonged to the good category because the value of the test items was between -2.0 and +2.0. The informative function of the total tests was relatively high for ability between -2.5 to +2.5. Thereby, the instrument developed can be used for measuring the inquiry ability of the physic subject of the senior high school students. The results of measurement showed that the inquiry ability of the learning participants in physic subject within the senior high schools in DIY was above average. Keywords: inquiry ability, physic subject in senior high schools, performance assessment

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Zhu, Yadongyang, Jun Lin, Fa Zhao, Zubin Chen, Feng Sun, and Hao Lv. "A least squares method based on quaternions to derive absolute orientation of geophones with AHRS." Journal of Geophysics and Engineering 15, no. 6 (September 17, 2018): 2614–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-2140/aadd2f.

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8

Manni, Giorgia, Marco Gargaro, Antonella Turco, Giulia Scalisi, Davide Matino, Matteo Pirro, and Francesca Fallarino. "Statins regulates inflammatory macrophage phenotype through the activation of AhR." Journal of Immunology 200, no. 1_Supplement (May 1, 2018): 167.19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.200.supp.167.19.

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Abstract Statins are 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme-A (HMG-CoA) reductase competitive inhibitors, that lower blood cholesterol, but also exert potent anti-inflammatory effects. The xenobiotic receptor, aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), plays crucial role in the control of inflammatory responses. Evidences suggest that selected statins promote the transcription of the main AhR target gene, cytochrome P450 family 1 (Cyp1a1). Macrophages are essential components of innate and adaptive immunity, characterized by AhR expression and activity. Based on these evidences, we investigated potential AhR-mediated immune regulatory properties of statins in Bone Marrow Derived Macrophages (BMDM). We found that BMDM activation with the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNFa induced the inflammatory marker, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which was completely prevented in BMDMs treated with TNFa in combination with specific statins, namely, atorvastatin and rosuvastatin. We confirmed high AhR expression in BMDM that was increased upon treatment with TNFa. We investigated the ability of different statins to activate AhR using a luciferase reporter assay cell lines and in BMDCs. We found that selected statins, such as atorvastatin and rosuvastatin, activated AhR in a dose dependent manner, an activation prevented in cells expressing selected AhR mutants. Notably, AhR deficient BMDMs, expressed undetectable levels of the main statin target protein HMG-CoA, which was instead highly expressed in wild type BMDMs. These data demonstrate that natural or synthetic statins can play regulatory roles in macrophages. Moreover, our results suggest a potential involvement of AhR in statin-mediated anti-inflammatory effects in macrophages.

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9

Watt, Alan J. "William S. Clayson . Freedom Is Not Enough: The War on Poverty and the Civil Rights Movement in Texas . Austin: University of Texas Press. 2010. Pp. x, 210. $55.00." American Historical Review 117, no. 1 (February 2012): 239–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr.117.1.239.

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10

Aliyah, Nur, Muhammad Sjaiful, and Sukring Sukring. "Analisis Hukum dan Akibatnya Terhadap Pengalihan Hak Atas Harta Warisan Tanpa Persetujuan Seluruh Ahli Waris (Studi Kasus Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Kolaka Nomor 17/Pdt.G/2017/PN KKA)." Halu Oleo Legal Research 2, no. 3 (December 13, 2020): 323. http://dx.doi.org/10.33772/holresch.v2i3.15508.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengalihan Harta Warisan tanpa persetujuan seluruh Ahli Waris sah menurut Hukum Perdata (BW) dan menelaah hukum melindungi hak-hak Ahli Waris berdasarkan Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Kolaka Nomor: 17/Pdt.G/2017/PN Kka. Metode penelitian ini bersifat preskripsi analisis. Dari penelitian ini diperoleh gambaran secara rinci dan sistematis tentang keabsahan pengalihan hak atas Harta Warisan tanpa persetujuan seluruh Ahli Waris menurut Hukum Perdata (BW) serta Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Kolaka Nomor: 17/Pdt.G/2017/PN Kka. Berdasarkan kasus yang telah diputus di Pengadilan Negeri Kolaka Nomor: 17/Pdt.G/2017/PN Kka. Kronologi perkara adalah salah seorang ahli waris melakukan balik nama Sertifikat Hak Milik Nomor 210 yang merupakan harta warisan milik bersama tanpa sepengetahuan ahli waris yang lain. Ahli waris yang merasa dirugikan mengajukan gugatan ke Pengadilan Negeri Kolaka dan gugatan Para Penggugat diterima, yang menyatakan bahwa balik nama Sertifikat hak Milik atas nama Nokke menjadi Muh. Aliyas Nokke adalah tidak sah dan merupakan Tindakan Melawan Hukum. Hakim menetapkan bahwa Para Penggugat adalah benar merupakan Ahli Waris dari Nokke, serta sita jaminan yang diletakkan oleh Pengadilan Negeri Kolaka atas obyek sengketa adalah sah dan berharga.

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11

Taufik, Amalia. "Pendekatan Historiografi dalam Studi Hadist." Journal al Irfani: Ilmu al Qur'an dan Tafsir 2, no. 2 (December 25, 2021): 70–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.51700/irfani.v2i2.315.

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Salah satu sumber hukum Islam yang otentik adalah hadist. Dalam catatan sejarah ditemukan berbagai karya hadist dari para ahli hadist (Imam Bukhari (194-252 H), Imam Muslim (204-261 H), Abu Dawud (202-275 H), al-Nasa’I (215-303 H), al-Tirmiza (200-279 H), dan ibn Majah (207-273 H) yang bisa diakses dan menjadi rujukan umat Islam sampai saat ini, salah satunya yaitu al-Kutub as-Sittah. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsi al kuttub as-sittah dengan pendekatan studi histriografi. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan Teknik dokumentasi baik dalam bentuk referensi atau kitab maupun artikel jurnal atau hasil research. Analisis menggunakan prosedur Huberman yaitu reduksi data, display dan menarik kesimpulan, juga menggunakan analisis komparasi. Untuk memperoleh pemahaman yang holistic tentang kualitas hadist ketika diposisikan sebagai sumber hujjah dari karya-karya para ahli hadist terdahulu, maka sangat diperlukan kajian dari berbagai perspektif pendekatan salah satunya yaitu pendekatan historiografi. Selain itu, aspek sosiologis juga bisa menjadi variable yang berpengaruh terhadap seseorang dalam menulis sebuah karya seperti kitab hadist.

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12

Heryanda, Mahfuzhoh Fadillah, Dodik Briawan, and Sudikno Sudikno. "Changes in Diet Quality of Adults Patients with Type Two Diabetes : Cohort Study of Non-Communicable Diseases Risk Factors." Amerta Nutrition 4, no. 4 (November 30, 2020): 318. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/amnt.v4i4.2020.318-325.

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Background: The compliance of Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) 2010 influences their risk of complications in type two diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In Indonesia, AHEI-2010 has not been widely used in evaluating the diet quality in people after diagnosed T2DM.Objectives: To analyze changes in diet quality of adults patients with T2DM. Methods: This study was analyzed using a secondary data from “Cohort Study of Non-Communicable Diseases Risk Factors” by Indonesian Ministry of Health, on 105 adults newly diagnosed with T2DM. The diagnosis of T2DM was assessed based on the results laboratory tests of fasting blood glucose (FBG) ≥126 mg/dL and 2-hours post-75-g glucose load (2h-PG) ≥200 mg/dL. Dietary intake data was collected twice (at the beginning and the end of monitoring) using a 24-hour recall. The assessment of diet quality uses modified AHEI-2010 USA according to the Indonesians Dietary Guidelines, especially in the portion of the food components. Results: The total score for diet quality was higher at the beginning of monitoring 54.9 than the end of monitoring 53.3 and there was no statistical significance differences (p≥0.05). The total score from diet quality decreased 1.1 points, 53.4% of subjects showed score deterioration (deteriorating diet quality) and 46.7% showed score improvement (improved diet quality). There was a significant differences at the beginning and the end of monitoring only to components score of red/processed meat (p <0.05).Conclusions: Changes in diet quality that deteriorating over time during monitoring, characterized by a decrease in the total score for diet quality.

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13

Karcz, Tadeusz, Hideki Nakano, Kenneth Jacobson, and Donald Cook. "The P2Y purinoceptor, P2Y14R, promotes AHR in an animal model of asthma." Journal of Immunology 200, no. 1_Supplement (May 1, 2018): 44.19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.200.supp.44.19.

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Abstract The initiation and propagation of immune responses in the lung are mediated in part by so-called ‘alarmins’ that include nucleotides and nucleotide-sugars. Uridine diphosphate (UDP), and UDP-sugars, such as UDP-glucose (UDP-Glc) can be released by airway epithelial cells and bind to the G-protein coupled receptor, P2Y14R on leukocytes. However, the role of these molecules in allergic airway inflammation remains unclear. Our analysis of flow cytometry sorted cells from the lung revealed that P2ry14, the gene encoding P2Y14R, is primarily expressed in alveolar macrophages and in CD103+ dendritic cells. Using P2Y14R-specific agonists and antagonists, we tested whether this receptor has a role in allergic airway disease. Although we found no evidence that UDP-glucose or P2Y14R were involved in allergic sensitization through the airway, administration of UDP-Glc or agonists of P2Y14R during the allergen challenge phase acted synergistically with the inhaled allergen to promote neutrophilic inflammation. Conversely, administration of the P2Y14R antagonist, PPTN, during the challenge phase attenuated inflammation. To exclude the possibility that these results stemmed from non-specific effects or cell toxicity, we studied P2ry14-deficient mice. Compared to WT animals, P2ry14-deficient mice displayed significantly less airway hyperresponsiveness following allergen challenge. Together, these results suggest that existing antagonists of P2Y14R, or their derivatives, might be useful to control asthma exacerbations in humans.

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14

Izawa, Takashi, Rieko Arakaki, Eiji Tanaka, and Naozumi Ishimaru. "Signal crosstalk between cytokine RANKL and AhR signaling in osteoclasts controls bone homeostasis." Journal of Immunology 200, no. 1_Supplement (May 1, 2018): 43.15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.200.supp.43.15.

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Abstract The nuclear receptor aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) plays a crucial role in receptor activator of nuclear factor (NF)-kB ligand (RANKL)-mediated osteoclastogenesis. A considerable amount of evidence reveals that AhR is also a key modulator of skeletal remodeling. However, the mechanism underlying the regulation of AhR expression in osteoclasts and the signaling pathway through which AhR controls osteoclastogenesis remain unclear. We found that the expression of AhR in bone marrow-derived osteoclasts was upregulated by RANKL at an earlier stage than the expression of signature osteoclast genes such as NFATc1, c-Src, integrin avb3, and cathepsin K. In response to RANKL, bone marrow macrophages isolated from AhR−/− mice exhibited impaired phosphorylation of Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinase as well as NF-kB, while their response to the macrophage colony-stimulating factor remained unchanged. Osteoclast differentiation mediated by the AhR signaling pathway was also regulated in a RANKL/c-Fos-dependent manner. Further, ligand activation of AhR by the smoke toxin benzo [a] pyrene (BaP) accelerated osteoclast differentiation in a receptor-dependent manner, and AhR-dependent regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis in osteoclasts was observed. Moreover, AhR−/− mice exhibited impaired bone healing with delayed endochondral ossification. Taken together, the present results suggest the new role that the RANKL-AhR-c-Fos signaling axis plays a critical role in osteoclastogenesis, thereby identifying the potential of AhR in treating pathological, inflammatory, or metabolic disorders of the bone.

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15

Poghosyan, Varoujean. "Victor Totfalouchin, Тотфалушин В.П. Саратовский край и наполеоновские войны: К 200-летию Отечественной во." Annales historiques de la Révolution française, no. 373 (September 1, 2013): 231–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/ahrf.12917.

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16

Noll, Mark A. "W. Jason Wallace . Catholics, Slaveholders, and the Dilemma of American Evangelicalism, 1835–1860 . Notre Dame, Ind.: University of Notre Dame Press. 2010. Pp. ix, 200. $30.00." American Historical Review 117, no. 1 (February 2012): 200–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr.117.1.200.

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17

Zahrowi, Afrizal Zuhri, Sri Murdiyah, and Arda Purnama Putra. "Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Interaktif Berbasis Android pada Materi Peristiwa Proklamasi Kemerdekaan Kelas V SDN Srengat 02 Kabupaten Blitar." Wahana Sekolah Dasar 30, no. 2 (July 8, 2022): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um035v30i22022p74-83.

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Tujuan penelitian dan pengembangan media belajar belajar berbasis android pada materi Acara Proklamasi Kemerdekaan di kelas V SDN Srengat 02 Kabupaten Blitar itu berlaku oleh ahli materi, ahli media dan guru serta praktis dan menarik bagi peserta didik. Model penelitian dan pengembangan menggunakan R&D oleh Borg dan Gall. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan observasi, stadion dan angket. Teknik analisis datanya 200,hasilnya dikategorisasikan. Analisis angket ahli materi, ahli media, dan pengguna menggunakan skala Likert. Sedangkan angket respon peserta didik dianalisis menggunakan skala Guttman. Hasil kevalidan dan kepraktisan, produk di oleh ahli materi sebesar 96,87 persen dengan valid, ahli media produk sebesar 96,87 persen dan guru memberi nilai 100 persen dengan unsur sangat valid dan berkutat dengan baik tanpa revisi. Hasil angket respon peserta didik pada uji coba produk dan uji coba pakai cobaan dengan rata-rata sebesar 97 persen dengan sangat praktis dan menarik dan bisa digunakan. Dari mana penelitian dan pengembangan media komunikasi berbasis android pada materi materi proklamasi kemerdekaan kelas V valid ahli materi, ahli media dan guru, serta praktis dan menarik bagi peserta didik.

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Rosenfeld, Sophia. "Joanna Stalnaker . The Unfinished Enlightenment: Description in the Age of the Encyclopedia . Ithaca: Cornell University Press. 2010. Pp. xvi, 240. $45.00." American Historical Review 116, no. 4 (October 2011): 1207–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr.116.4.1207.

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Lee, Shelley S. "Chia Youyee Vang . Hmong America: Reconstructing Community in Diaspora . (The Asian American Experience.) Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press. 2010. Pp. xxii, 200. Cloth $75.00, paper $25.00." American Historical Review 117, no. 3 (June 2012): 896–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr.117.3.896.

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20

Balot, R. "ADRIAAN LANNI. Law and Justice in the Courts of Classical Athens. New York: Cambridge University Press. 2006. Pp. x, 210. $60.00." American Historical Review 112, no. 3 (June 1, 2007): 909–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr.112.3.909.

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21

Ormrod, W. Mark. "Simon Phillips . The Prior of the Knights Hospitaller in Late Medieval England. Rochester, N.Y. : Boydell Press . 2009 . Pp. xii, 210. $95.00." American Historical Review 114, no. 5 (December 2009): 1517–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr.114.5.1517.

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22

Sampoerna, Sulthan Taqi, Untung Rahardja, Mardiana, Viola Tashya Devana, and Nuke Puji Lestari Santoso. "Pelatihan Inovasi Media Pembelajaran iLearning 2.0 Sebagai Pengabdian Masyarakat Terhadap Pendidikan Tinggi." ADI Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat 2, no. 2 (March 18, 2022): 46–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.34306/adimas.v2i2.567.

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Era digital sudah semakin canggih sehingga pengajar perlu mengikuti alur teknologi saat ini, dan dunia pendidikan sangat penting dalam kehidupan untuk meningkatkan kekayaan intelektual serta integritas sosial. Tetapi, tidak semua pengajar mampu mengikuti zaman dengan cepat terhadap teknologi, khususnya metode pembelajaran yang cocok di era pandemi. Pemanfaatan internal dan eksternal dalam pendidikan merupakan salah satu faktor di balik keberhasilan dan kemajuan pendidikan tinggi. Dan perlu adanya teknologi inovasi yang memudahkan pembelajaran di era pandemi dengan metode sosialisasi, diskusi dan tutorial sebagai pelatihan serta pendampingan. Sehingga novelty dari penelitian iLearning eDucation 2.0 ini mampu memenuhi kebutuhan pengajar maupun siswa dalam menjalankan kegiatan MBKM. Pelatihan dan pendampingan pembuatan media pembelajaran berlangsung di salah satu kampus Universitas Raharja. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kreativitas mahasiswa dalam dunia pendidikan khususnya dalam menggunakan media pembelajaran berbantuan komputer, dan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan dosen dan mahasiswa dalam menulis karya ilmiah khususnya saat melakukan penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini berupa sistem pembelajaran online untuk meningkatkan kreativitas mahasiswa dan melaksanakan pengabdian kepada masyarakat. Layanan yang layak adalah pelatihan dan pendampingan pembuatan media pembelajaran berbantuan komputer dengan menggunakan aplikasi open source. Jurnal ini ingin menjawab kesulitan dunia pendidikan yang saat ini semakin luas, terbuka, dan kemana-mana. Model dalam sistem SCi-B dari makalah ini dapat digunakan untuk semua organisasi persiapan karena model ini dapat menyesuaikan dengan kebutuhan ahli tertentu dari area kerja. Model ini telah disetujui dengan hadirnya aplikasi web yang pemanfaatannya sangat memuaskan.

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Purwacaraka, Manggar, Indah Rohmawati, and Anis Murniati. "Kepatuhan Praktisi Kebersihan Tangan di Ruang Operasi:." Care Journal 1, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.35584/carejournal.v1i1.1.

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Pendahuluan: Penyedia layanan kesehatan (HCP) yang bekerja di ruang operasi (OR) atau unit perawatan pasca anestesi (PACU) memiliki kesempatan lebih besar untuk lintas pasien yang terkontaminasi karena beban kerja yang tinggi dan seringnya kejadian kontak pasien. Prevalensi infeksi terkait perawatan kesehatan (HCAI) saat ini adalah masalah kesehatan utama dan kontak pasien di OR dan PACU dapat menjadi faktor yang berkontribusi karena kontaminasi mikroba. Metode: Sebuah studi observasional dilakukan pada kepatuhan kebersihan tangan (HH) HCP yang bekerja di OR dan PACU dari fasilitas perawatan kesehatan tersier di Rumah Sakit X. Para peserta dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari ahli bedah, ahli anestesi, dan perawat yang beredar dan PACU. Pengamatan dan pengumpulan data dilakukan oleh dua perawat sumber daya klinis OR dan PACU, yang telah dilatih oleh departemen pengendalian dan pencegahan infeksi. Hasil : penelitian ini mencakup 2300 peluang untuk kepatuhan HH dan mengamati 200 perawat, 100 ahli bedah dan 100 ahli anestesi. Kepatuhan HH di OR dan PACU tertinggi di antara perawat >90% dan terendah di antara dokter, ahli bedah <70%, diikuti oleh ahli anestesi < 50%. Kesimpulan: Kepatuhan terhadap pedoman HH oleh perawat OR dan PACU diterima lebih tinggi daripada ahli anestesi dan ahli bedah.

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Hergiansa, Ghany Al-Fikri, Shelma Santa Widuri, and Angga Hadiapurwa. "Pemanfaatan Big Data dalam Lingkup Pendidikan." Inovasi Kurikulum 17, no. 2 (August 28, 2020): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/jik.v17i2.42928.

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Perkembangan teknologi dalam dunia pendidikan semakin meningkat. Salah satu perkembangan teknologi yang mulai sering digunakan dalam dunia pendidikan salah satunya adalah Big Data. Seorang pustakawan bernama Fremont Rider yang berasal dari Amerika Serikat tepatnya di Westleyan University pada tahun 1944 telah memperkirakan bahwa volume koleksi universitas di Amerika Serikat tidak akan mencapai 200 juta kopi pada tahun 2040 mendatang. Pada akhirnya, ia memaparkan beberapa isu tentang penggunan data yang cukup besar, kapasitas dalam penyimpanan, dan juga kebutuhan untuk menganalisis data. Pada perkembangan selanjutnya, yaitu pada tahun 1949 seorang ahli matematika dari Amerika Serikat bernama Claude Shannon. Shannon diketahui sebagai ahli teori informasi, Shanon juga berhasil melakukan riset terhadap item-item dengan contoh data fotografi dan punch cards. Peneliatian yang telah berhasil dilakukan oleh Shanon bisa dilihat adalah sebuah item paling besar yaitu The Library of Congress yang mempunyai ukuran 100 teriliun lebih besar dari bit data. Big Data disebutkan kali pertama mulai tahun 1997 oleh Michael Cox yang merupakan peneliti dan rekannya didalam sebuah artikel berjudul Application-controlled demand paging for out-of-core visualization.Kata Kunci: Big Data; Pendidikan; Teknologi. AbstractThe development of technology in the world of education is increasing. One of the technological developments that are often used in the world of education, one of which is Big Data. A librarian named Fremont Rider who came from the United States at Westleyan University in 1944 had estimated that the volume of university collections in the United States would not reach 200 million copies in 2040. In the end, he raised several issues regarding the use of large amounts of data, capacity in storage, and also the need to analyze data. In further developments, namely in 1949 a mathematician from the United States named Claude Shannon. Shannon is known as an information theorist, Shannon has also succeeded in conducting research on items with examples of photographic data and punch cards. The research that has been successfully carried out by Shanon can be seen that the largest item is The Library of Congress which has a size of 100 larger than data bits. Big Data was first mentioned in 1997 by Michael Cox who is a researcher and colleagues in an article entitled Application-controlled demand paging for out-of-core visualization.

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Kreitinger, Joanna, Celine Ann Beamer Shepherd, and David M. Shepherd. "Humoral Immune Response Modulation by Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor Activation (AhR) in CD11c+ Cells: Exploring Gender-specific and Ligand-dependent Effects on Antibody Responses in Mice." Journal of Immunology 200, no. 1_Supplement (May 1, 2018): 107.14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.200.supp.107.14.

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Abstract Modulation of antibody responses is often a summation of effects on B cells, helper T cells, and dendritic cells (DCs). All three of these immune cells express AhR, a ligand-activated transcription factor with endogenous and exogenous ligands known to modulate immune responses. Importantly, antibody responses are keenly sensitive to AhR activation by TCDD, its prototypical ligand and common environmental pollutant. However, the specific contribution of AhR activation in DCs has not yet been defined, particularly in the context of gender-specific and ligand-dependent effects. We aimed to determine the effects of AhR activation in DCs by endogenous and exogenous ligands on OVA-specific antibody responses in mice. Specifically, we hypothesized that AhR activation in DCs alone suppresses antigen-specific serum antibody production, selectively affecting different isotypes. To test this hypothesis, we used mice conditionally deficient of AhR in CD11c+ DCs (AHRCD11c). Control (AhRd) and AHRCD11c mice were treated with vehicle, ITE or TCDD via oral gavage, and subsequently immunized i.p. with whole OVA/adjuvant to induce a systemic, antigen-specific humoral response. One week later, AhRd mice showed significantly reduced OVA-specific IgM and IgG2a titers while IgA was significantly increased; effects that were ameliorated in AhRCD11c mice. Interestingly, TCDD-induced IgA increases were both AhR- and gender-dependent with female mice showing increased IgA production. Collectively, these results demonstrate that DCs contribute to, but are not wholly responsible for, AhR-mediated effects on antigen-specific serum antibody generation. Research supported by ES013784 (DMS) and AAI Careers in Immunology Fellowship (JMK).

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Neff, S. C. "ROBIN WAGNER-PACIFICI. The Art of Surrender: Decomposing Sovereignty at Conflict's End. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 2005. Pp. xii, 210. $19.00." American Historical Review 111, no. 4 (October 1, 2006): 1142–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr.111.4.1142.

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Bullough, V. L. "KHALED EL-ROUAYHEB. Before Homosexuality in the Arab-Islamic World, 1500-1800. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 2005. Pp. x, 210. $32.50." American Historical Review 111, no. 4 (October 1, 2006): 1286. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr.111.4.1286.

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Shinde, Rahul Suresh, Kebria Hezaveh, Marie Jo Halaby, Andreas Kloetgen, Sara Lamorte, David Munn, Aristotelis Tsirigos, et al. "Apoptotic cell induced, TLR9-dependent AhR activity is a critical driver of tolerance induction and suppression of lupus." Journal of Immunology 200, no. 1_Supplement (May 1, 2018): 175.6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.200.supp.175.6.

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Abstract The Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) can potently modulate immunity at multiple levels, but its mechanistic role in immune regulation is still being elucidated. Here we show phagocytes exposed to apoptotic cells exhibit rapid activation of AhR driving IL-10 that antagonizes inflammatory cytokine production. AhR activation was dependent on apoptotic cell DNA-TLR9 interactions and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in phagocytes that promoted nuclear accumulation and transcriptional activity. In vivo, apoptotic cell-induced AhR signals in myeloid cells were required for prevention of inflammatory innate and adaptive immunity against DNA and histones. Moreover, disease progression in lupus correlated with AhR signal strength, and disease course could be reduced or exacerbated by modulation of AhR activity. Finally, we observed myeloid specific deletion of AhR in mice resulted in systemic autoimmunity, and in SLE patients an increased AhR transcriptional signature correlated with disease. Thus, our findings suggest AhR activity influenced by apoptotic cell death is a key mechanism in maintenance of peripheral tolerance reducing inflammation and thereby retarding systemic autoimmune disease progression.

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Brakke, David. "Éric Rebillard. Christians and Their Many Identities in Late Antiquity, North Africa, 200–450 CE." American Historical Review 119, no. 5 (December 2014): 1752–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ahr/119.5.1752.

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Park, Katharine. "Heather Webb . The Medieval Heart . New Haven: Yale University Press. 2010. Pp. x, 241. $55.00." American Historical Review 116, no. 5 (December 2011): 1561–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr.116.5.1561.

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Ward, Christopher J. "Mark B. Smith . Property of Communists: The Urban Housing Program from Stalin to Khrushchev . DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press. 2010. Pp. xii, 240. $40.00." American Historical Review 116, no. 5 (December 2011): 1604–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr.116.5.1604.

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Campesato, Luis Felipe, Sadna Budhu, Jeremy Tchaicha, Stephane Pourpe, Cailian Liu, Mark G. Manfredi, Karen McGovern, Jedd D. Wolchok, and Taha Merghoub. "Interaction between Kynurenine and the AhR is an effector mechanism of tumor immunosuppression and represents a potential immunotherapy target." Journal of Immunology 200, no. 1_Supplement (May 1, 2018): 177.5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.200.supp.177.5.

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Abstract Although with notable impact on cancer treatment, immune-checkpoint blockade (ICB) have multiple mechanisms of resistance. The catabolism of Tryptophan into metabolites known as Kynurenines (Kyn) by enzymes such as IDO or TDO plays a major suppressive role in different tumor types. Recently it was shown that Kyn acts as an endogenous agonist of the Aryl-hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR). In order to gain a better understanding of this pathway, we sought to characterize the mechanisms of immunosuppression associated with AhR and evaluate its potential as therapeutic target. Gene-expression analysis of IDO-overexpressing melanomas (B16-IDO vs B16-WT) present reduced expression levels of Type-1 inflammatory genes, including IFNy, TNFa, Granzyme B and CD40. In addition, B16-IDO presents higher infiltration of TAMs, which up-regulate classic AhR-regulated genes (Cyp1a1 and Cyp1b1) and are differentially skewed towards an immunosuppressive M2-phenotype. Tumor-antigen specific CD8+T cells present reduced expression of activation markers (GzmB and CD44) and proliferation rate when primed by Kyn-treated BMDMs. Also, B16-IDO TAMs suppressed activation of CD8+T cells in vitro and their depletion abrogated tumor growth. Implantation of B16-IDOs in FoxP3-depleted mice prevents TAMs accumulation. Treatment of B16-IDO tumors with an AhR-specific antagonist (CH-223191) up-regulates MHC II in APCs, activation markers in CD8s and reduced frequency of T-regs. AhR inhibition slows down tumor growth and prolongs survival, which is improved in combination with PD-1 blockade. In summary, our findings demonstrate that targeting the Kyn pathway through AhR-inhibition represents a promising approach in cancer patients who are resistant to ICB.

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Ben-Amos, Ilana Krausman. "Harry Liebersohn . The Return of the Gift: European History of a Global Idea . New York: Cambridge University Press. 2011. Pp. xi, 210. $80.00." American Historical Review 117, no. 2 (April 2012): 596–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr.117.2.596.

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Hammond, John Craig. "Jennifer Hull Dorsey . Hirelings: African American Workers and Free Labor in Early Maryland . Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press. 2011. Pp. xvi, 210. $45.00." American Historical Review 117, no. 3 (June 2012): 846–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr.117.3.846.

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Johns, E. "DAVID ROSAND. The Invention of Painting in America. (The Leonard Hastings Schoff Memorial Lectures.) New York: Columbia University Press. 2004. Pp. xxiv, 210. $29.50." American Historical Review 111, no. 3 (June 1, 2006): 854–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr.111.3.854.

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Kirkland, Robert O. "James Siekmeier . The Bolivian Revolution and the United States, 1952 to the Present . University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. 2011. Pp. xiii, 210. $64.95." American Historical Review 117, no. 3 (June 2012): 831–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr.117.3.831.

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Kulikowski, Michael. "Edward James . Europe's Barbarians, AD 200–600 . (The Medieval World.) Pearson Longman . 2009 . Pp. xii, 344. $40.00." American Historical Review 115, no. 4 (October 2010): 1201–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr.115.4.1201.

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Kassell, L. "BRUCE T. MORAN. Distilling Knowledge: Alchemy, Chemistry, and the Scientific Revolution. (New Histories of Science, Technology, and Medicine.) Cambridge: Harvard University Press. 2005. Pp. 210. $24.95." American Historical Review 111, no. 2 (April 1, 2006): 553–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr.111.2.553.

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Menard, R. R. "ROBERT E. WRIGHT. The First Wall Street: Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, and the Birth of American Finance. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 2005. Pp. vii, 210. $25.00." American Historical Review 112, no. 1 (February 1, 2007): 192–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr.112.1.192.

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Zhou, Jiajun, Joseph Henriquz, Robert Crawford, and Norbert E. Kaminski. "Lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase (LCK) is involved in the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR)-mediated impairment of Immunoglobulin secretion in human primary B cells." Journal of Immunology 200, no. 1_Supplement (May 1, 2018): 116.10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.200.supp.116.10.

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Abstract AHR activation by the high affinity ligand, TCDD, is widely established to suppress the immunoglobulin M (IgM) response in virtually every animal species tested, and extensively investigated in various mouse models. In mice, activation of AHR is known to impair B cell to plasma cell differentiation and IgM synthesis. In contrast to mouse B cells, activation of AHR in human primary B cells impairs immunoglobulin secretion in the absence of suppressing IgM synthesis. In recent studies, we have identified the putative involvement of LCK in impaired immunoglobulin secretion by human B cells. LCK is a well-characterized tyrosine kinase that phosphorylates known critical signaling proteins involved in vesicular secretion by T cells. Specifically, phosphorylation of tyrosine residue 505 inhibits the activity of LCK. By contrast, little is known concerning the role of LCK in human primary B cells. For the first time, our studies show that activation of the AHR by TCDD upregulates LCK protein expression, which then leads to an impairment of IgM secretion. Treatment with a LCK specific inhibitor restores IgM secretion by human primary B cells. Additionally, the presence of AHR antagonist reverses the AHR-mediated increase of LCK and the impairment of IgM secretion. We also observe a significant increase in phosphorylation of Tyr-505 LCK with TCDD treatment, indicating that AHR activation increases the level of inhibitory LCK. Taken together, our studies revealed a novel and species-dependent mechanism involving the AHR-mediated impairment of IgM secretion and an increase in total as well as inhibitory LCK in human but not mouse primary B cells.

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Noskovič, Jaroslav, Mária Babošová, Jana Ivanič Porhajašová, and Terézia Čeryová. "The Evaluation Of The Concentration Of Chlorides And Sulphates In Surface Water Of The National Nature Reserve Čičov Oxbow." Acta Horticulturae et Regiotectuare 18, no. 2 (November 1, 2015): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ahr-2015-0011.

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Abstract In the years 2013–2014 we evaluated changes in concentrations of chlorides and sulphates in waters of the National Nature Reserve Čičov oxbow depending on the time and place of sampling. Collections of samples were realized regularly at monthly intervals, always in the half of a month. Sampling sites were determined in order to assess the impact of natural and anthropogenic source of surface water quality. In order to evaluate the quality of surface water in the sampling sites by individual indicators, we used the values of the 90th percentile (P90), which was calculated from the measured values and then compared with their matching set of limit values referred to the Regulation of the Government of the Slovak Republic No. 269/2010 Coll. According to that Regulation, the recommended value for chlorides is 200 mg dm;; and for sulphates 250 mg dm−3. Based on the calculated values of 90th percentile (P90) of these indicators, we found out that the calculated characteristic values are lower.

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Cohn, S. K. "RUDOLPH BINION. Past Impersonal: Group Process in Human History. DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press. 2005. Pp. viii, 200. $38.00." American Historical Review 112, no. 4 (October 1, 2007): 1131–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr.112.4.1131.

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Yamali, Fakhrul Rozi. "PENGARUH KOMPENSASI DAN BUDAYA ORGANISASI TERHADAP KINERJA TENAGA AHLI PERUSAHAAN JASA KONSULTAN DI PROVINSI JAMBI." J-MAS (Jurnal Manajemen dan Sains) 3, no. 2 (October 17, 2018): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/jmas.v3i2.56.

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The purpose of this research is to find out and analyze the effect of compensation and organizational culture either partially or jointly on performace experts at consulting services firm in the province of Jambi. The population in this reseach totalled of 532 people expert at consulting service firm in the of Jambi. The method used in this reseach is a descriptive survey method and sample survey with the spread of eksplanatori at least for three variables as much as 200 respondents. Based on the result of the hypothesis, thought to compensation and organizational culture partially or jointly affect performance experts. The result that explains, the competence variable on the performance of expert is 0.48 and the organizational culture variable on the performance of expert 0.37 to the performance of experts. The effect of jointly compensation (KS) and organizational culture (BO) on the performance of expert (KA) is 0.6053?0.60 or is R = 0.60 magnitude influence with the influence of 60 %

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Pula, James S. "Susannah J. Ural , editor. Civil War Citizens: Race, Ethnicity, and Identity in America's Bloodiest Conflict . New York: New York University Press. 2010. Pp. vii, 240. Cloth $70.00, paper $23.00." American Historical Review 116, no. 5 (December 2011): 1499. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr.116.5.1499.

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Beneke, Chris. "Glenn A. Moots . Politics Reformed: The Anglo‐American Legacy of Covenant Theology . (Eric Voegelin Institute Series in Political Philosophy.) Columbia: University of Missouri Press. 2010. Pp. xiv, 240. $44.95." American Historical Review 117, no. 1 (February 2012): 166–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr.117.1.166.

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46

Bagheri, Farshid, M. Ali Fayazbakhsh, and Majid Bahrami. "Investigation of Optimum Refrigerant Charge and Fans' Speed for a Vehicle Air Conditioning System." Journal of Thermal Science and Engineering Applications 9, no. 1 (November 8, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4034852.

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In this study, the performance evaluation and optimization of a recently developed battery-powered vehicle air conditioning (BPVAC) system is investigated. A mathematical model is developed to simulate the thermodynamic and heat transfer characteristics of the BPVAC system and calculate the coefficient of performance (COP). Utilizing environmental chambers and a number of measuring equipment, an experimental setup is built to validate the model accuracy and to conduct performance optimization by changing the charge of refrigerant in the system. The model is validated and employed for performance simulation and optimization in a wide range of speed for the evaporator and condenser fans. The modeling results verify that for any operating condition an optimum performance can be achieved by adjusting the speed of condenser and evaporator fans. The optimum refrigerant charge is obtained, and a potential improvement of 10.5% is calculated for the performance of system under ANSI/AHRI 210/240-2008 specifications.

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Putri, Tasya Vidi, and Wahyuni Retnowulandari. "HIBAH HANYA KEPADA SALAH SATU ANAK MENURUT HUKUM WARIS ISLAM DI INDONESIA (STUDI KASUS PUTUSAN PENGADILAN AGAMA PEKANBARU NOMOR: 0214/PDT.G/2017/PA.PBR, PUTUSAN PENGADILAN TINGGI AGAMA PEKANBARU NOMOR: 0027/PDT.G/ 2017/PTA.PBR, PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH AGUNG NOMOR: 558 K/AG/2017.)." Reformasi Hukum Trisakti 1, no. 1 (June 30, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.25105/refor.v1i1.10447.

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Penelitian normatif ini mengangkat masalah Hibah yang dalam praktek cukup banyak menimbulkan masalah, sebagaimana dalam tulisan ini Hibah hanya diberikan kepada salah satu anak sehingga menimbulkan masalah yang bagaimana sesungguhnya pengaturan Hibah di Indonesia, apakah dapat hanya diberikan pada salah satu anak saja dan putusan pengadilan terkait pembatalan hibah tersebut telah sesuai dengan ketentuan Hukum Waris Islam di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian ini terdapat dalam Pasal 210 dan 211 KHI , Hibah pada dasarnya hanya boleh 1/3 dari harta si pemberi Hibah, Hibah yang diberikan dari orangtua kepada anaknya dapat diperhitungkan sebagai warisan dengan deminkian Hibah tidak dapat diberikan pada satu Ahli Waris saja. Sehingga Putusan Pengadilan yang akan membatalkan Hibah tersebut telah sesuai dengan ketentuan Hukum Waris Islam dan rasa keadilan bagi Ahli Waris.

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"David A. Hollinger. Postethnic America: Beyond Multiculturalism. New York: BasicBooks. 1995. Pp. xii, 210. $22.00." American Historical Review, April 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr/102.2.570.

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49

Becher, Tobias, Andreas Meiser, Ulf Guenther, Martin Bellgardt, Jan Wallenborn, Klaus Kogelmann, Hendrik Bracht, et al. "Isoflurane vs. propofol for sedation in invasively ventilated patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure: an a priori hypothesis substudy of a randomized controlled trial." Annals of Intensive Care 12, no. 1 (December 20, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13613-022-01090-w.

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Abstract Background Acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) is a leading concern in critically ill patients. Experimental and clinical data suggest that early sedation with volatile anesthestics may improve arterial oxygenation and reduce the plasma and alveolar levels of markers of alveolar epithelial injury and of proinflammatory cytokines. Methods An a priori hypothesis substudy of a multicenter randomized controlled trial (The Sedaconda trial, EUDRA CT Number 2016-004551-67). In the Sedaconda trial, 301 patients on invasive mechanical ventilation were randomized to 48 h of sedation with isoflurane or propofol in a 1:1 ratio. For the present substudy, patients with a ratio of arterial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) to inspired fraction of oxygen (FiO2), PaO2/FiO2, of ≤ 300 mmHg at baseline were included (n = 162). The primary endpoint was the change in PaO2/FiO2 between baseline and the end of study sedation. A subgroup analysis in patients with PaO2/FiO2 ≤ 200 mmHg was performed (n = 82). Results Between baseline and the end of study sedation (48 h), oxygenation improved to a similar extent in the isoflurane vs. the propofol group (isoflurane: 199 ± 58 to 219 ± 76 mmHg (n = 70), propofol: 202 ± 62 to 236 ± 77 mmHg (n = 89); p = 0.185). On day seven after randomization, PaO2/FiO2 was 210 ± 79 mmHg in the isoflurane group (n = 41) and 185 ± 87 mmHg in the propofol group (n = 44; p = 0.411). In the subgroup of patients with PaO2/FiO2 ≤ 200 mmHg, PaO2/FiO2 increase between baseline and end of study sedation was 152 ± 33 to 186 ± 54 mmHg for isoflurane (n = 37), and 150 ± 38 to 214 ± 85 mmHg for propofol (n = 45; p = 0.029). On day seven, PaO2/FiO2 was 198 ± 69 mmHg in patients randomized to isoflurane (n = 20) and 174 ± 106 mmHg in patients randomized to propofol (n = 20; p = 0.933). Both for the whole study population and for the subgroup with PaO2/FiO2 ≤ 200 mmHg, no significant between-group differences were observed for PaCO2, pH and tidal volume as well as 30-day mortality and ventilator-free days alive. Conclusions In patients with AHRF, inhaled sedation with isoflurane for a duration of up to 48 h did not lead to improved oxygenation in comparison to intravenous sedation with propofol. Trial registration The main study was registered in the European Medicines Agency’s EU Clinical Trial register (EudraCT), 2016-004551-67, before including the first patient. The present substudy was registered at German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS, ID: DRKS00018959) on January 7th, 2020, before opening the main study data base and obtaining access to study results.

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Kim, Ga Eun, Sun Ha Choi, Mireu Park, Jae Hwa Jung, Myeongjee Lee, Soo Yeon Kim, Min Jung Kim, Yoon Hee Kim, Kyung Won Kim, and Myung Hyun Sohn. "SpO2/FiO2 as a predictor of high flow nasal cannula outcomes in children with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure." Scientific Reports 11, no. 1 (June 29, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-92893-7.

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AbstractThe high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is a useful treatment modality for acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) in children. We compared the ability of the oxygen saturation to fraction of inspired oxygen ratio (S/F) and arterial oxygen partial pressure to fraction of inspired oxygen ratio (P/F) to predict HFNC outcomes in children with AHRF. This study included children treated with HFNC due to AHRF from April 2013 to March 2019 at the Severance Children’s Hospital. HFNC failure was defined as the need for mechanical ventilation. Trends of S/F and P/F during HFNC were analyzed. To predict HFNC outcomes, a nomogram was constructed based on predictive factors. A total of 139 patients with arterial blood gas data were included in the S/F and P/F analyses. S/F < 230 at initiation showed high prediction accuracy for HFNC failure (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve: 0.751). Univariate analyses identified S/F < 230 at HFNC initiation and < 200 at 2 h (odds ratio [OR] 12.83, 95% CI 5.06–35.84), and hemato-oncologic disease (OR 3.79, 95% CI 1.12–12.78) as significant predictive factors of HFNC failure. The constructed nomogram had a highly predictive performance, with a concordance index of 0.765 and 0.831 for the exploratory and validation groups, respectively. S/F may be used as a predictor of HFNC outcomes. Our nomogram with S/F for HFNC failure within 2 h may prevent delayed intubation in children with AHRF.

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