Academic literature on the topic 'Ahlen region'

(1) Background. Merino is a worldwide sheep breed well known for the quality and quantity of its wool. If there is no doubt that it originates from the Mediterranean Basin and that human selection took place in southern Spain, the populations that potentially contributed to the building of this breed are a matter of debate. Here, we tested whether a Moroccan breed settled on the North Atlantic coast, the Beni Ahsen, could be a good candidate, given the thickness and distribution of fleece covering the head and legs. (2). Methods. Using the control region of the mtDNA, 20 Beni Ahsen sequences were considered in a dataset of 643, including Mediterranean Merino and non-Merino breeds. Unfortunately, the Beni Ahsen is an endangered breed because of a lack of interest from the breeders. (3) Results. European Merino-derived breeds are divided into an Iberian and an Italian cluster, more linked to non-Merino breeds of the same country than between Merino themselves. Beni Ahsen breed is strongly linked to the other Moroccan breeds but shows the greatest number of connections with Merino-derived breeds, especially from Iberia. Interestingly, several other Moroccan breeds are also connected to Iberian Merino.

This paper highlights the use of a participatory, trauma-informed approach in the creation of Ahlan Simsim, a Sesame Street television program for the Middle East, and asserts the importance of using a participatory approach to designing culturally relevant SEL content. Ahlan Simsim is a component of a larger initiative of the same name, which was created by Sesame Workshop and the International Rescue Committee and funded by the MacArthur and LEGO foundations. This program brings early learning and nurturing care to children and families affected by the Syrian crisis through a combination of mass media and direct service programming. In this article, we present a review of the research and consultations Sesame Workshop conducted with local communities and local child-development experts in Iraq, Jordan, Syria, and Lebanon from August to November 2018. Sesame Workshop's aim was to identify and refine the television program's focus area and to create locally relevant, trauma-informed content that draws from social and emotional learning strategies that resonate most and have the greatest impact with audiences in the Syrian response region. We argue that, for SEL programming to achieve maximum impact, it is critical that program designers develop social-emotional frameworks for children from the ground up by working with local caregivers and practitioners.

Background: Acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis (AHLE) is a rare fulminant entity of acute disseminated leukoencephalitis (ADEM) that has a rapidly progressive polysymptomatology corresponding to areas of brain affected. It’s characterized by rapid cognitive decline, coma or even rapid death. It is postulated to be a post infective immune mediated monophasic demyelinating disease. Diagnosis is clinical supported by CSF and MRI findings. It is challenging to differentiate the disease from MDEM (multiphasic demyelinating encephalomyelitis) and multiple sclerosis during the initial presentation.Case presentation: Here we report a case of a 36-yearold Sri Lankan Sinhalese lady who presented with seizure following febrile illness followed by gross right sided hemiparesis later progressing to mutism and cognitive decline. Her CSF showed pleocytosis 12/cumm with 5% polymorphs, red cells, mildly high proteins with normal glucose and positive oligoclonal bands. MRI showed evidence of multiple focal supra and infratentorial signal abnormalities and gyral thickening with hemorrhages, largest lesions being in left frontal region with mass effect but no herniation. She was diagnosed with AHLE and treated with high dose IV methyl prednisolone later converting to oral prednisolone tapering regime. She was continued on intravenous cefotaxime and acyclovir as per meningoencephalitis. Improvement with steroids was dramatic with complete neurological recovery, minimal sequel and no recurrences at 6 months follow up.Conclusion: The case is a representation of a very rare entity of an infrequently reported disease which needs high degree of clinical suspicion with early imaging for aggressive and early immunosuppressive treatment that may hinder progression to commonly described sequel including coma, death or residual neurology. The predictions on future MDEM or MS on first presentation and overlap are areas that need further exploration.

Ilzene is one of the territories in the North-Eastern region of Latvia inhabited by Estonians called leivs. The language spoken in Ilzene and other surrounding parishes is Southern Estonian. The aim of the article is to investigate the first names in 1826 found in the territory inhabited by leivs in Ilzene manor, trying to find out whether the traces of southern Estonians can also be found in personal names. The main source of the research is the 1826 List of Souls of Vidzeme Province, Ilzene Manor (LVVA Fund No. 199, Description 1, Case 159), which includes information on 1013 persons (476 men and 537 women). The most common forenames that occur in more than 5% of Ilzene manor men are Jahn – 84 or 17.6%, Peter – 74 or 15.5%, Jacob – 57 or 12%, Rein – 37 or 7.8%, Jaak – 36 + Jahk – 1 or 7.8%, Jurr – 35 or 7.3%, Simon – 19 + Siemon – 16 or 7.3%, Thom –29 or 6.1%. Only 88 or 18.6% of men have other names. The most common first names found in more than 5% of Ilzene manor women are Anne – 87 or 16.2%, Maije – 71 or 13.2%, Ilse – 70 or 13%, Mahrja – 62 + Mahrje – 1 or 11.7%, Liese – 50 + Leese – 1 + Leeʃe – 1 + Lieʃe – 5 or 10.6%, Greeta – 39 or 7.3%, Maddel – 12 + Maddele – 26 or 7.1%. Only 112 or 20.9% of women have other names. It is known that the Latvian and Estonian anthropological systems have much in common. According to the graphetics and morphological features, the forenames Jahn, Jurr, Ihwan, Dahw, Inda, Fritz, Gust, Indrik, Krisch, Ehrman, Gürgen, Otto, and Retsch can be considered more appropriate for the anthropological system of the Latvian language. The forenames Jaak and Andres are more in line with the Estonian anthropological system. Other male forenames have no features that allow them to be attributed to one or the other anthroponymic system. Forenames Greeta, Dahrte, Barbala, Carline, Gedde, Juhle, Mascha seem to be more in line with the Latvian anthropological system. The forenames Ilse (if with s), Mahrja, Maddele, Ahle, Ohle (with changes characteristic of Ilzene dialect), and Stiene are more in line with the Estonian anthropological system. The other forenames of women have no features that allow them to be attributed to one or another anthroponymic system. In general, the forenames recorded in Ilzene manor in 1826 show the characteristics of both the Estonian and Latvian anthroponymic systems. There are some forenames that are different from those in other manors outside the area inhabited by leivs. In order to be able to use forenames as markers of ethnic identity, extensive research of historical personal names is required in all manors of the area inhabited by leivs, as well as outside the leivs’ area in Vidzeme.

AbstractThe Upper Cretaceous limestones unconformably overlie Upper Carboniferous coal-bearing lithologies and are studied to assess their effect on rising mine-water levels in the Ruhr mining district. Upper Cretaceous sedimentary rocks from the Münsterland Cretaceous Basin have previously been studied regarding their sedimentary structures and fossil content. However, understanding the petrophysical and petrographic heterogeneity in regard to sedimentary properties and their effect on fluid migration pathways is yet missing. Utilizing He-pycnometry, Klinkenberg-corrected air permeabilities, p-wave velocities, transmitted and reflected light analyses, point-counting and cathodoluminescence, we assess the petrophysical, geomechanical and mineralogical properties. Porosity ranges from 1.0 to 18.7% and permeability ranges from < 0.0001 to 0.2 mD, while p-wave velocity ranges between 2089 and 5843 m/s. Mechanical compaction leads to grain rearrangement, deformation of calcispheres, foraminifera and ductile clay mineral laminae. Above and below clay laminae, compaction bands of deformed calcispheres develop. Early diagenetic mineral precipitation of ferroan calcite in inter- and intragranular pores reduces porosity and permeability and influences geomechanical properties. An underestimated aspect of limestone petrography is the relationship of the original primary compactable depositional volume and the influence of compaction, deformation and cementation during early and late diagenesis on reservoir properties. The detrital dominated limestones show an originally high compactable depositional volume (CDV). Overall, reservoir qualities are poor and indicate the sealing potential of the studied lithologies. The Upper Cretaceous (Campanian) limestones thus may act as a barrier for increasing mine-water levels from dismantled, post-mining subsurface hard coal mines in the region. Graphical abstract

The aim of this study is to provide an in-depth insight into the perception of Islamic Scholars regarding women political empowerment in Pashtin society that ultimately plays a big role in shaping the public opinion on grass root level that either encourages or bars women from participating in political affairs. Being an important agent of public opinion not only in religious affairs but social issues as well, beliefs and estimation of Islamic scholars are powerful voices in shaping the narratives in communities and society including emancipation of women in the largely conservative, patriarchal and comparatively religious Pashtun society particularly in the rural areas. The study was qualitative in nature and data was collected through in-depth interviews from respondents selected on quota sampling technique in the absence of a sampling frame. Data was collected from 30 respondents including 15 Deobandis, 5 Islamic studies lecturers and professors, 10 Barelvis , 2 Shiites and 3 Ahle Hadith Ulema via semi-structured in-depth interviews including 5 female Ulema to represent the major sects of Islam in the region. It was found that Ahle Hadith and Deobandis were comparatively more conservative while academics and Shiites were the most progressive group of the sample regarding female political empowerment. It was revealed that this is a sensitive subject with no clear consensus. The most conservative Ulema who opposed women participation in politics cited the example of Shura consisting of only males to decide the Caliphs (Muslim rulers) where as the most progressive of them cited examples of equality derived from the Koran and the leadership of Aisha (the widow of Prophet Muhammad SAW) especially in rebellion against Caliph Ali (R.A). There was considerable diversity of views as well as levels of tolerance and support for women political empowerment. While most scholars accepted the political rights of women in principle, some contested this by citing other negative social consequences of women participation in the current political set up; others thought of women emancipation as necessary for the progress of the community, society, country and humanity.

The recent outbreak of COVID-19 has impacted the whole globe in various facets of life. Most challenges stem from the public health effect with morbidities and mortalities extensively and comprehensively recorded and reported. The present case provides a unique analysis of the database of the observed cases and deaths of the corona virus pandemic. The focus was on one of the most devastating geographical locations in the world. The dataset of the USA was extracted and arranged chronologically over 106 weeks. The kinetics of mortality and morbidity were analyzed using three-dimensional graphs and control charts. Modeling of the cumulative dataset after logarithmic transformation was executed and the model was analyzed for fitting in terms of regression and error. A strong correlation existed between the number of reported cases and deaths over the study period with noticeable signs of six overlapping waves. Logarithmic transformation (to the base ten) showed improvement in data fitting with an appreciable reduction in standard error and residual parameters. The best-fitted model was an exponential association that could be used to evaluate the severity and frequency of the epidemic in terms of cumulative daily cases and deaths. The provided examination highlights the importance of the new statistical techniques for public health assessment and confrontation of the outbreaks by practitioners and professionals for community protection by providing measurable metrics for the evaluation of the health effect of the disease in the community. Peer Review History: Received: 1 November 2022; Revised: 7 December; Accepted: 4 January 2023, Available online: 15 January 2023 Academic Editor: Dr. Jennifer Audu-Peter, University of Jos, Nigeria, drambia44@gmail.com Received file: Reviewer's Comments: Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.0/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.5/10 Reviewers: Dr. Bilge Ahsen KARA, Ankara Gazi Mustafa Kemal Hospital, Turkey, ahsndkyc@gmail.com Dr. George Zhu, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, sansan4240732@163.com Similar Articles: COVID-19 PANDEMIC AWARENESS AND ITS IMPACT ON BANGLADESHI PEOPLE: A COMMUNITY BASED SURVEY KNOWLEDGE, CHARACTERISTICS, WORK SITES OF HEALTH PRACTITIONERS FOR CHEST PHYSIOTHERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH COVID-19, IN KHARTOUM, SUDAN COVID-19 IN MEXICO: PREPARING FOR FUTURE PANDEMICS

Background and Aims: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is zoonotic and human illness produced by Leishmania species. Protozoan parasite is spread to the host vertebrate via sand fly female bite (Phlebotomus longipalpis), in which the infected promastigotes convert into amastigotes; and VL is associated with high fatality if left untreated. The aims of the current study were to uncover the prevalence and potential risk factors for VL in children in selected districts of Hadhramout governorate, Yemen. Subjects and methods: Six districts were randomly selected from 24 districts in Hadhramout governorate as follows: Al-Sum, Al-Qattan, Tarim, Thamud, Seiyun, and Shibam. Then a target sample size of 400 children were randomly selected, 66 children were selected from each district except 70 children in Seiyun and they were selected from the selected schools and health centers. Serum specimens were assemble from all children to determine the rate of anti-VL antibodies in human by immunochromatographic assay using recombinant K39 antigen. Results: The age of the children from 1-15 years, by a mean of 8.4±2.7 years. The positivity rate of Leishmania species antibodies by immune-chromatographic dipstick strip (rK39) was 5.8%. There was statistically considerable association connecting male gender and VL infection (8.0%, OR=3, CI=1.1-8.2, p=0.02). There was statistically important association linking older children (11-15 years( and contracting VL (9.1%, OR=2.6, CI=1.1- 6.2, p=0.02). There was a considerable association (<0.05) connecting the presence of rats, dogs, and goats in or around live houses and positive VL antibodies with an OR come to to 2.6, 3.7 and 2.8, respectively. There was no significant association between displacement or district location and incidence of VL. Conclusion: Visceral leishmaniasis was highly prevalent in the desert and the valley areas of Hadramout among children, and visceral leishmaniasis potential risk factors were males, older children, dogs, rats, goats, litter, open sewers, and the presence of sand flies in the household. Peer Review History: Received: 8 November 2022; Revised: 12 December; Accepted: 5 January 2023, Available online: 15 January 2023 Academic Editor: Dr. Nuray Arı, Ankara University, Turkiye, ari@ankara.edu.tr Received file: Reviewer's Comments: Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.0/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.5/10 Reviewers: Dr. Bilge Ahsen KARA, Ankara Gazi Mustafa Kemal Hospital, Turkey, ahsndkyc@gmail.com Rola Jadallah, Arab American University, Palestine, rola@aauj.edu Similar Articles: PREVALENCE OF VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS AMONG ADULTS IN SANA’A CITY-YEMEN COUMARIN ANALOGUES AS A POTENTIAL INHIBITOR OF LEISHMANIASIS: A MULTI-TARGETING PROTEIN INHIBITION APPROACH BY MOLECULAR DOCKING IN VITRO ANTI-LEISHMANIAL ACTIVITY AGAINST CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIA PARASITES AND PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF FOUR YEMENI MEDICINAL PLANTS

Background: The long- recognized challenges to HIV care remained relevant as newer challenges emerge. Pharmacists’ role has evolved and expanded to help patients and other healthcare providers to achieve the core goals of HIV management. Objectives: this study assessed the role/services community pharmacists play/offer in the management of HIV patients in Rivers State, Southern region of Nigeria, and evaluated the perception of community pharmacists towards management of HIV infected patients. Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out among three hundred and seventy- four community pharmacist- owned pharmacies spread across Rivers State. Data were collected using pre-tested structured questionnaire. The structure comprises (1) demographic information (2) services offered to HIV infected patients (3) perception towards community pharmacists’ involvement in management of HIV. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 16 and statistical significance taken at p<0.05. Results: Out of 374 (100%) community pharmacist-owned pharmacies only 30 (8%) were involved in the management of HIV patients. 22(73.3%) were male and 8(26.7%) were female. While 23(76.7%) had B.Pharm degree; 2(6.7%) had Pharm D. 18(70%) had 11 – 20yrs practice experience as 7(23%) had over 20 yrs experience. 23(76.6%) had special HIV training program while 3(10%) self-acquired information on HIV. The Likert scale to measure perception is biased towards agreement, Likert scale 3.89, that community pharmacists are knowledgeable and well positioned to play role in the management of HIV infected patients. Conclusion: Very few 30(8%) of registered community pharmacists are involved in the management of HIV patients. Although the services offered cut across the guidelines for management of HIV infected patients, there is still need for improvement and regular update on HIV training for community pharmacists. These steps would help to involve more community pharmacists, decongest hospitals and reduce workload on hospital pharmacists. Peer Review History: Received 23 January 2021; Revised 5 February; Accepted 26 February, Available online 15 March 2021 UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency. Received file: Reviewer's Comments: Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.0/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10 Reviewer(s) detail: Prof. Dr. Hassan A.H. Al-Shamahy, Sana'a University, Yemen, shmahe@yemen.net.ye Dr. Bilge Ahsen KARA, Ankara Gazi Mustafa Kemal Hospital, Turkey, ahsndkyc@gmail.com Similar Articles: AWARENESS OF PHARMACISTS TOWARDS ASPARTAME SIDE EFFECTS IN KHARTOUM CITY, SUDAN SUDANESE PHARMACY STUDENTS: CAREER INTENTIONS, EXPECTATIONS AND FACTORS AFFECTING THEIR CHOICES

Background and aim: Failure of inferior dental anesthesia, increased sensorineural disturbances, and postoperative bleeding in the mandibular canal region has amplified the demand for preoperative planning and appropriate evaluation to prevent these complications. The aim of the study was to reveal the locations and anatomical course pattern of the mandibular canal, as well as the cross-sectional diameter and positions of the mandibular and mental foramina, between a sample of Yemeni patients. Material and methods: A retrospective descriptive cross sectional study was performed to evaluate 165 CBCT images taken from the archives of Diagnostic Radiology Centers in Sana'a City, using EZ3D plus software. Data were retrieved from February 2017 to January 2021. Recorded data were collected, tabulated and statistically analyzed by SPSS (version 24). Results: The mean diameter of the mandibular foramen vertical and horizontal were measured to be 4.15±0.84 mm and 3.46±0.71 mm, respectively. The mandibular foramen was located approximately 2.87 mm above the midpoint of vertical ramus and 3.0 mm behind the midpoint horizontally. The mean diameters of the vertical and horizontal mental foramen were measured to be 3.46±0.78 mm, 3.54±1.5 mm, respectively. The mental foramen was located approximately in the middle of the mandibular body vertically. The most common anteroposterior position for the mental foramen was A (HP3) between the first and second premolars of the mandible (50.6%). The most common superior- inferior position for the mental foramen was (VP3) below the level of the root apices of the first and second mandibular premolars (62.2%). The inferio-superior position of the mandibular canal showed that the superior measurements ranged from 12.3-14.4 mm. Conclusion: This CBCT study reveals differences in the position of the mandibular canal course and the location of the mandibular and mental foramina among Yemeni patients. Therefore, careful evaluation and planning using cone-beam CT before any surgical intervention in the mandibular canal area is highly recommended to avoid unwanted complications among Yemeni patients. Peer Review History: Received: 20 December 2022; Revised: 24 January 2023; Accepted: 5 March 2023, Available online: 15 March 2023 Academic Editor: Prof. Dr. Gorkem Dulger, Duzce University, Turkey, gorkemdulger@yandex.com Received file: Reviewer's Comments: Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.0/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10 Reviewers: Dr. Bilge Ahsen KARA, Ankara Gazi Mustafa Kemal Hospital, Turkey, ahsndkyc@gmail.com Dr. Amany Mohamed Alboghdadly, Princess Nourah bint abdulrahman university, Riyadh, amalbgadley@pnu.edu.sa Similar Articles: RADIOGRAPHIC ASSESSMENT OF THE COURSE AND VISIBILITY OF THE MANDIBULAR CANAL BY PANORAMIC RADIOGRAPHY PREVALENCE OF PREMATURE LOSS OF PRIMARY TEETH AT THE AGE OF 6-10 YEARS IN SANA'A CITY, YEMEN