Relevant bibliographies by topics / AHAS

Academic literature on the topic 'AHAS'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "AHAS"

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Hattori, J., R. G. Rutledge, B. L. Miki, and B. R. Baum. "DNA sequence relationships and origins of acetohydroxy acid synthase genes of Brassica napus." Canadian Journal of Botany 70, no. 10 (October 1, 1992): 1957–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b92-244.

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The allotetraploid Brassica napus has been shown to contain a five-member multigene family (AHAS1 – 5) of the nuclear-encoded chloroplastic enzyme acetohydroxy acid synthase, three members of which are expressed. AHAS1 and AHAS3 are constitutively expressed while AHAS2 expression is ovule- and seed-specific. By sequence and phylogenetic analyses we show that the AHAS1 and AHAS3 genes are 96–98% similar in the coding region and the adjacent 5′ and 3′ noncoding regions and were derived from a common ancestral crucifer gene. In contrast, the AHAS2 gene shares only about 80% sequence similarity with the AHAS1 and AHAS3 genes, limited to the region coding for the mature peptide and in a short region of the presumptive transit peptide. The AHAS2 gene likely arose by gene duplication of a housekeeping AHAS gene and has acquired characteristics different from other plant housekeeping AHAS genes, perhaps owing to different functional constraints. Key words: acetohydroxy acid synthase, Brassica napus, phylogenetic inference, multigene family, DNA sequence.
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Jain, Parul, and Bunyamin Tar’an. "Analysis of acetohydroxyacid synthase1 gene in chickpea conferring resistance to imazamox herbicide." Genome 57, no. 11/12 (November 2014): 593–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/gen-2014-0145.

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Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) production in the Canadian prairies is challenging due to a lack of effective weed management mainly because of poor competition ability of the crop and limited registered herbicide options. Chickpea genotype with resistance to imidazolinone (IMI) herbicides has been identified. A point mutation in the acetohydroxyacid synthase1 (AHAS1) gene at C581 to T581, resulting in an amino acid substitution from Ala194 to Val194 (position 205, standardized to arabidopsis), confers the resistance to imazamox in chickpea. However, the molecular mechanism leading to the resistance is not fully understood. In many plant species, contrasting transcription levels of AHAS gene has been implicated in the resistant and susceptible genotypes in response to IMI. The objectives of this research were to compare the AHAS gene expression and AHAS enzyme activity in resistant and susceptible chickpea cultivars in response to imazamox herbicide treatment. Results from RT–qPCR indicated that there is no significant change in the transcript levels of AHAS1 between the susceptible and the resistant genotypes in response to imazamox treatment. Protein hydrophobic cluster analysis, protein-ligand docking analysis, and AHAS enzyme activity assay all indicated that the resistance to imazamox in chickpea is due to the alteration of interaction of the AHAS1 enzyme with the imazamox herbicide.
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Porat, Iris, Michael Vinogradov, Maria Vyazmensky, Chung-Dar Lu, David M. Chipman, Ahmed T. Abdelal, and Ze'ev Barak. "Cloning and Characterization of Acetohydroxyacid Synthase from Bacillus stearothermophilus." Journal of Bacteriology 186, no. 2 (January 15, 2004): 570–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.186.2.570-574.2004.

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ABSTRACT Five genes from the ilv-leu operon from Bacillus stearothermophilus have been sequenced. Acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS) and its subunits were separately cloned, purified, and characterized. This thermophilic enzyme resembles AHAS III of Escherichia coli, and regulatory subunits of AHAS III complement the catalytic subunit of the AHAS of B. stearothermophilus, suggesting that AHAS III is functionally and evolutionally related to the single AHAS of gram-positive bacteria.
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Fang,, Jun, Changzhao Wan, Wei Wang, Liuyin Ma, Xinqi Wang, Can Cheng, Jihua Zhou, Yongjin Qiao, and Xiao Wang. "Engineering Herbicide-Tolerance Rice Expressing an Acetohydroxyacid Synthase with a Single Amino Acid Deletion." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 4 (February 13, 2020): 1265. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21041265.

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The acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS) is an essential enzyme involved in branched amino acids. Several herbicides wither weeds via inhibiting AHAS activity, and the AHAS mutants show tolerance to these herbicides. However, most AHAS mutations are residue substitutions but not residue deletion. Here, residue deletion was used to engineering the AHAS gene and herbicide-tolerant rice. Molecular docking analysis predicted that the W548 of the AHAS was a residue deletion to generate herbicide tolerance. The AHAS-ΔW548 protein was generated in vitro to remove the W548 residue. Interestingly, the deletion led to the tetramer dissociation of the AHAS, while this dissociation did not reduce the activity of the AHAS. Moreover, the W548 deletion contributed to multi-family herbicides tolerance. Specially, it conferred more tolerance to sulfometuron-methyl and bispyribac-sodium than the W548L substitution. Further analysis revealed that AHAS-ΔW548 had the best performance on the sulfometuron-methyl tolerance compared to the wild-type control. Over-expression of the AHAS-ΔW548 gene into rice led to the tolerance of multiple herbicides in the transgenic line. The T-DNA insertion and the herbicide treatment did not affect the agronomic traits and yields, while more branched-chain amino acids were detected in transgenic rice seeds. Residue deletion of W548 in the AHAS could be a useful strategy for engineering herbicide tolerant rice. The increase of branched-chain amino acids might improve the umami tastes of the rice.
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Preston, Christopher, Fleur C. Dolman, and Peter Boutsalis. "Multiple Resistance to Acetohydroxyacid Synthase–Inhibiting and Auxinic Herbicides in a Population of Oriental Mustard (Sisymbrium orientale)." Weed Science 61, no. 2 (June 2013): 185–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-d-12-00117.1.

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A population of oriental mustard from Port Broughton in South Australia was reported as not being controlled by 2,4-D. Dose response experiments determined this population was resistant to both 2,4-D and MCPA, requiring greater than 20 times more herbicide for equivalent control compared to a known susceptible population (from Roseworthy, South Australia) and a population resistant only to the acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS)-inhibiting herbicides (from Tumby Bay, South Australia). The Port Broughton population was also found to be resistant to three chemical groups that inhibit AHAS; however, the level of resistance was lower than the known acetolactate synthase–resistant population from Tumby Bay. Herbicides from other modes of action were able to control the Port Broughton population. Assays of isolated AHAS from the Port Broughton population showed high levels of resistance to the sulfonylurea and sulfonamide herbicide groups, but not to the imidazolinone herbicides. A single nucleotide change in the AHAS gene that predicted a Pro to Ser substitution at position 197 in the protein was identified in the Port Broughton population. This population of oriental mustard has evolved multiple resistance to AHAS-inhibiting herbicides (AHAS inhibitors) and auxinic herbicides, through a mutation in AHAS and a second nontarget-site mechanism. Whether the same mechanism provides resistance to both AHAS inhibitors and auxinic herbicides remains to be determined. Multiple resistance to auxinic herbicides and AHAS inhibitors in the Port Broughton population will make control of this population more difficult.
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Arabzadeh, Ghazaleh, and Azar Shahpiri. "Heterologous Expression and Functional Characterization of Catalytic Subunit of Rice Acetohydroxyacid Synthase." Protein & Peptide Letters 26, no. 3 (March 15, 2019): 176–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929866525666181114153727.

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Background: Acetohydroxyacid Synthase (AHAS) is the first enzyme in the biosynthesis pathway of the branched chain amino acids. AHAS is the common target site of five herbicide chemical groups: sulfonylurea, imidazolinone, triazolopyrimidine, pyrimidinyl-thiobenzoates, and sulfonyl-aminocarbonyl-triazolinone. </P><P> Objective: The purification of protein enabled us to study the physical and biochemical properties of the enzyme. In addition in vitro activity of this enzyme was tested in the presence of four different sulfonylureaherbicides and the feedback regulation of enzyme was analyzed in the presence of branched amino acids. Methods: The gene encoding catalytic subunit of rice AHAS (cOsAHAS) without part of the chloroplast transit sequence was cloned into the bacterial expression vector pET41a and heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli as carboxy-terminal extensions of glutathione-S-transferase (GST).The soluble protein was purified using affinity chromatography. The measurement of GSTOsAHAS activity was performed under optimized conditions at present of branched-chain amino acids and sulfonylurea herbicides independently. Results: The optimum pH and temperature for GST-cOsAHAS activity was 8.0 and 37 °C, respectively. The specific activity and Km value of this enzyme toward pyruvate were 0.08 U/mg and 30 mM, respectively.GST-cOsAHAS was inhibited by herbicides tribenuron, sulfosulfuron, nicosulfuron and bensulfuron while the enzyme was insensitivieto end products. Conclusion: These results suggest that the recombinant form of GST-cOsAHAS is functionally active and carries the binding site for sulfynylurea herbicides. Furthermore, GST-cOsAHAS was insensitive to feedback inhibition by endproducts which indicates the existence of a regulator subunit in rice AHAS as previously has been described in other plant AHASs.
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Singh, Vinayak, Deepak Chandra, Brahm S. Srivastava, and Ranjana Srivastava. "Biochemical and transcription analysis of acetohydroxyacid synthase isoforms in Mycobacterium tuberculosis identifies these enzymes as potential targets for drug development." Microbiology 157, no. 1 (January 1, 2011): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.041343-0.

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Acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS) is a biosynthetic enzyme essential for de novo synthesis of branched-chain amino acids. The genome sequence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis revealed genes encoding four catalytic subunits, ilvB1 (Rv3003c), ilvB2 (Rv3470c), ilvG (Rv1820) and ilvX (Rv3509c), and one regulatory subunit, ilvN (Rv3002c), of AHAS. All these genes were found to be expressed in M. tuberculosis growing in vitro. Each AHAS subunit gene was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. AHAS activity of IlvB1 and IlvG was found in cell-free lysates and with recombinant purified proteins. Kinetic studies with purified IlvG revealed positive cooperativity towards substrate and cofactors. To understand the role of the catalytic subunits in the biology of M. tuberculosis, expression of AHAS genes was analysed in different physiological conditions. ilvB1, ilvB2 and ilvG were differentially expressed. The role of ilvB1 in persistence is known, but the upregulation of ilvB2 and ilvG in extended stationary phase, ex vivo, and in acid stress and hypoxic environments, suggests the relevance of AHAS enzymes in the metabolism and survival of M. tuberculosis by functioning as catabolic AHAS. These enzymes are therefore potential targets for drug development.
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Lonhienne, Thierry, Mario D. Garcia, Gregory Pierens, Mehdi Mobli, Amanda Nouwens, and Luke W. Guddat. "Structural insights into the mechanism of inhibition of AHAS by herbicides." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 9 (February 13, 2018): E1945—E1954. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1714392115.

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Acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS), the first enzyme in the branched amino acid biosynthesis pathway, is present only in plants and microorganisms, and it is the target of >50 commercial herbicides. Penoxsulam (PS), which is a highly effective broad-spectrum AHAS-inhibiting herbicide, is used extensively to control weed growth in rice crops. However, the molecular basis for its inhibition of AHAS is poorly understood. This is despite the availability of structural data for all other classes of AHAS-inhibiting herbicides. Here, crystallographic data for Saccharomyces cerevisiae AHAS (2.3 Å) and Arabidopsis thaliana AHAS (2.5 Å) in complex with PS reveal the extraordinary molecular mechanisms that underpin its inhibitory activity. The structures show that inhibition of AHAS by PS triggers expulsion of two molecules of oxygen bound in the active site, releasing them as substrates for an oxygenase side reaction of the enzyme. The structures also show that PS either stabilizes the thiamin diphosphate (ThDP)-peracetate adduct, a product of this oxygenase reaction, or traps within the active site an intact molecule of peracetate in the presence of a degraded form of ThDP: thiamine aminoethenethiol diphosphate. Kinetic analysis shows that PS inhibits AHAS by a combination of events involving FAD oxidation and chemical alteration of ThDP. With the emergence of increasing levels of resistance toward front-line herbicides and the need to optimize the use of arable land, these data suggest strategies for next generation herbicide design.
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Schwarz, Maria, Elizabeth C. Ward, Petrea Cornwell, Anne Coccetti, Pamela D'Netto, Aimee Smith, and Katharine Morley-Davies. "Exploring the Validity and Operational Impact of Using Allied Health Assistants to Conduct Dysphagia Screening for Low-Risk Patients Within the Acute Hospital Setting." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 29, no. 4 (November 12, 2020): 1944–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_ajslp-19-00060.

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Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine (a) the agreement between allied health assistants (AHAs) and speech-language pathologists (SLPs) when completing dysphagia screening for low-risk referrals and at-risk patients under a delegation model and (b) the operational impact of this delegation model. Method All AHAs worked in the adult acute inpatient settings across three hospitals and completed training and competency evaluation prior to conducting independent screening. Screening (pass/fail) was based on results from pre-screening exclusionary questions in combination with a water swallow test and the Eating Assessment Tool. To examine the agreement of AHAs' decision making with SLPs, AHAs ( n = 7) and SLPs ( n = 8) conducted an independent, simultaneous dysphagia screening on 51 adult inpatients classified as low-risk/at-risk referrals. To examine operational impact, AHAs independently completed screening on 48 low-risk/at-risk patients, with subsequent clinical swallow evaluation conducted by an SLP with patients who failed screening. Results Exact agreement between AHAs and SLPs on overall pass/fail screening criteria for the first 51 patients was 100%. Exact agreement for the two tools was 100% for the Eating Assessment Tool and 96% for the water swallow test. In the operational impact phase ( n = 48), 58% of patients failed AHA screening, with only 10% false positives on subjective SLP assessment and nil identified false negatives. Conclusion AHAs demonstrated the ability to reliably conduct dysphagia screening on a cohort of low-risk patients, with a low rate of false negatives. Data support high level of agreement and positive operational impact of using trained AHAs to perform dysphagia screening in low-risk patients.
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Blombach, Bastian, Stephan Hans, Brigitte Bathe, and Bernhard J. Eikmanns. "Acetohydroxyacid Synthase, a Novel Target for Improvement of l-Lysine Production by Corynebacterium glutamicum." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 75, no. 2 (December 1, 2008): 419–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01844-08.

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ABSTRACT The influence of acetohydroxy acid synthase (AHAS) on l-lysine production by Corynebacterium glutamicum was investigated. An AHAS with a deleted C-terminal domain in the regulatory subunit IlvN was engineered by truncating the ilvN gene. Compared to the wild-type AHAS, the newly constructed enzyme showed altered kinetic properties, i.e., (i) an about twofold-lower K m for the substrate pyruvate and an about fourfold-lower V max; (ii) a slightly increased K m for the substrate α-ketobutyrate with an about twofold-lower V max; and (iii) insensitivity against the inhibitors l-valine, l-isoleucine, and l-leucine (10 mM each). Introduction of the modified AHAS into the l-lysine producers C. glutamicum DM1729 and DM1933 increased l-lysine formation by 43% (30 mM versus 21 mM) and 36% (51 mM versus 37 mM), respectively, suggesting that decreased AHAS activity is linked to increased l-lysine formation. Complete inactivation of the AHAS in C. glutamicum DM1729 and DM1933 by deletion of the ilvB gene, encoding the catalytic subunit of AHAS, led to l-valine, l-isoleucine, and l-leucine auxotrophy and to further-improved l-lysine production. In batch fermentations, C. glutamicum DM1729 ΔilvB produced about 85% more l-lysine (70 mM versus 38 mM) and showed an 85%-higher substrate-specific product yield (0.180 versus 0.098 mol C/mol C) than C. glutamicum DM1729. Comparative transcriptome analysis of C. glutamicum DM1729 and C. glutamicum DM1729 ΔilvB indicated transcriptional differences for about 50 genes, although not for those encoding enzymes involved in the l-lysine biosynthetic pathway.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "AHAS"

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Ernst, Stephanie. "Ahas, König von Juda : ein Beitrag zur Literatur und Geschichte des Alten Israel /." St. Ottilien : EOS Verl, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41111077t.

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Vargas, Leandro. "Resistência de Euphorbia heterophylla L. aos herbicidas inibidores da enzima acetolactato sintase (ALS/AHAS)." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2000. http://www.locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/10149.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
A ocorrência de plantas daninhas resistentes a herbicidas é um fato novo no Brasil. A caracterização da resistência é importante para embasar previsões e eleger métodos de manejo e controle. Desse modo, foram realizados na Universidade Federal de Viçosa, de março de 1997 a julho de 1999, quatro experimentos, objetivando de identificar biótipos resistentes e caracterizar a resistência. O primeiro experimento objetivou identificar e estudar os mecanismos envolvidos na resistência, cujos resultados indicaram resistência cruzada aos herbicidas inibidores da enzima ALS. Estudos com ALS, extraída de plantas resistentes de leiteiro, indicaram I50 superior a 3.000 μM para o imazapyr e 2.000 μM para o imazethapyr, contrastando com valores de I50 de 2 μM para aquele e 0,7 μM para este em plantas sensíveis. No segundo experimento, investigou-se a resposta dos biótipos resistentes a herbicidas com diferentes mecanismos de ação. Constatou-se que os herbicidas inibidores da ALS controlaram com eficiência o biótipo sensível, à exceção do flumetsulan; já sobre o biótipo resistente, somente o herbicida imazapyr, na maior dose, apresentou controle. Os herbicidas com mecanismos de ação distintos daqueles dos inibidores da ALS apresentaram-se altamente eficientes no controle dos biótipos resistentes e sensíveis quando aplicados de forma isolada ou em mistura. O terceiro experimento objetivou descrever uma técnica de cruzamento controlado em Euphorbia heterophylla L. Os resultados evidenciaram que as polinizações e emasculações realizadas no estádio 1 produzem grande número de ciátios com uma ou duas sementes e raramente com três. As realizadas no estádio 2, ou acima deste, garantiram o sucesso dos cruzamentos com boa produção de sementes. No quarto experimento, estudaram-se a herança, o número de genes que conferem a resistência e o grau de resistência dos biótipos homozigotos e heterozigotos resistentes. As plantas F1 mostraram-se totalmente resistentes ao herbicida, indicando que a resistência é nuclear e dominante. As plantas F2 apresentaram alta probabilidade para segregação 3:1, evidenciando que a resistência é codificada por um gene dominante. Pela aplicação de doses crescentes de imazethapyr sobre as plantas F1, calculou-se que os biótipos homozigotos resistentes e os heterozigotos apresentaram o mesmo grau de resistência para doses de até 1.600 g ha-1 desse herbicida. Os resultados permitiram concluir que a insensibilidade da enzima ALS aos herbicidas que a inibem é o principal mecanismo responsável pela resistência das plantas de Euphorbia heterophylla L. a tais produtos. Os biótipos resistentes são controlados com eficiência com herbicidas com mecanismos de ação distintos daqueles dos inibidores da ALS. A resistência é codificada por um gene dominante nuclear com dominância completa.
The occurrence of herbicide-resistant weeds is a new fact in Brazil. The characterization of the resistance is important to provide a base for previsions and select methods of management and control. Therefore, four experiments were carried out at the Universidade Federal de Viçosa, from March,1997, to July, 1999, to identify resistant biotypes and to study the mechanisms involved in resistance. The first experiment, aimed to identify and study the mechanisms involved in the resistance, had the results indicating cross resistance to ALS inhibitory herbicides. Studies with ALS, extracted from resistant plants, showed l50 superior to 3000 μM for imazapyr and 2000 μM for imazethapyr, which contrasted with l50 values of 2 μM for the former and 0.7 μM for the latter in susceptible plants. The second experiment analyzed the response of the resistant biotypes to herbicides with different modes of action. It was verified that the ALS inhibitory herbicides had efficient control over the susceptible biotypes, apart from flumetsulan; as for the resistant biotype, only the herbicide imazapyr at its highest dose, showed control. The herbicides with modes of action distinct from those ALS inhibitors were shown highly efficient on controlling susceptible and resistant biotypes when applied separately or in mixture. The third experiment aimed to describe a technique of controlled crossings in Euphorbia heterophylla L. The results showed evidence that pollination and emasculation performed at stage 1 produce a great number of ciatios with one or two seeds and rarely with three. Those performed at stage 2, or above this stage, assured the success of the crossings with a good production of seeds. In the fourth experiment, the inheritance, the number of genes that confer resistance and the degree of resistance in resistant homozygote and heterozygote biotypes, were studied. The F1 plants were shown totally resistant to the herbicide, indicating that the resistance is nuclear and dominant. The F2 plants presented a high probability for 3:1 segregation, making evident that the resistance is codified by a dominant gene. It was calculated that the biotypes resistant homozygote and heterozygote showed the -1 same degree of resistance for doses up to 1600 g ha , by means of the application of increasing doses of imazethapyr on F1 plants. The results obtained permit the conclusion that the insensitivity of the ALS enzyme to the herbicides is the primary mechanism responsible for the resistance of Euphorbia heterophylla L. to such products. The resistant biotypes are efficiently controlled by herbicides with mechanism of action distinct from those of the ALS inhibitors. The resistance is codified by a nuclear dominant gene with complete dominance.
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Friesen, Lincoln Jacob Shane. "Identification of the mechanisms of wild radish herbicide resistance to PSII inhibitors, auxinics, and AHAS inhibitors." University of Western Australia. School of Plant Biology, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0106.

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The objective of this Ph.D. research was to identify new and novel mechanisms of wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum L.) resistance to photosystem II (PSII) inhibitors, auxinics, and acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS) inhibitors. PSIIinhibitor resistance was demonstrated to be target-site based, and conferred by a Ser264 to Gly substitution of the D1 protein. Auxinic resistance was associated with reduced herbicide translocation to the meristematic regions of resistant wild radish plants. Two new resistance mutations of wild radish AHAS were discovered, including one encoding the globally rare Asp376 to Glu substitution, and another encoding an Ala122 to Tyr substitution, which has never been identified or assessed for resistance in plants previously. Characterization of the frequency and distribution of AHAS resistance mutations in wild radish from the WA wheatbelt revealed that Glu376 was widespread, and that some mutations of AHAS are more common than others. Computer simulation was used to examine the molecular basis of resistance-endowing AHAS target-site mutations. Furthermore, through the computer-aided analysis, residues were identified with the potential to confer resistance upon substitution, but which have not previously been assessed for this possibility. Results from this Ph.D. research demonstrate that diverse, unrelated mechanisms of resistance to PSII inhibitors, auxinics, and AHAS inhibitors have evolved in wild radish of the WA wheatbelt, and that these mechanisms have accumulated in some populations.
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Silva, Viviane Aparecida. "Estudo, por modelagem molecular, da inibição da enzima acetohidroxiácido sintase utilizando diferentes derivados pirimidinilsalicilatos." Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/ufu.di.2018.94.

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CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Herbicides inhibitors of the enzyme acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS) present high efficiency in the inhibitory activity with low doses of application and low toxicity for man and the environment. However, several weeds are getting resistence to some classes of herbicides, mainly in the case of AHAS group. Therefore, a proper computational planning of new bioactive compounds is crucial area to model new herbicides. In this study, the enzyme-herbicide interactions were analyzed from the analogous derivated of the pyrimidinylsalicylates group (PSA) which are AHAS inhibitors using quantum- mechanical and molecular docking calculations. The molecular properties obtained after running computer calculation shown that the volume and molecular area can make influence on the inhibition capacity of the ligand, neverthenless, the substituent group has more influence on this parameter. Electronical properties from the HOMO orbitals can certanly make influence on the biological activity due its electron donor capability. The binding free energies of the ligand on the enzyme after docking calculation ranged from - 1.88 to 4.50 kcal mol- 1 , whereas, H, CH3, COCH3 , OH, NO2 and NH2 had the best scored binding energies as substituent groups. Those favorable binding free energies can be justified by the intermolecular interactions between PSAs ligands and AHAS active site residues. In terms of effiency, hydrogen bonds formation can be explained by carboxylate group from the ligands and ARG-377 group from AHAS.
Os herbicidas inibidores da enzima acetohidroxiácido sintase (AHAS) apresentam alta eficiência na atividade inibitória com baixas doses de aplicação com baixa toxicidade para o homem e o meio ambiente. No entanto, várias ervas daninhas estão obtendo resistência a algumas classes de herbicidas, principalmente no caso do grupo AHAS. Portanto, um planejamento computacional adequado de novos compostos bioativos é área crucial para modelar novos herbicidas. Neste estudo, as interações enzima-herbicida foram analisadas a partir do derivado análogo do grupo pirimidinilsalicilato (PSA) que são inibidores de AHAS usando cálculos mecânicoquânticos e de docking molecular. As propriedades moleculares obtidas mostraram que o volume e a área molecular podem influenciar a capacidade de inibição do ligante, mesmo que o grupo substituinte tenha mais influência sobre este parâmetro. As propriedades eletrônicas dos orbitais HOMO podem certamente influenciar a atividade biológica devido à sua capacidade de doação de elétrons. As energias livres de ligação do ligante na enzima após o cálculo de docking variaram de -1,88 a - 4,50 kcal mol- 1 , enquanto que H, CH3, COCH3, OH, NO2 e NH2 apresentaram as melhores energias de ligação pontuadas como grupos substituintes. Estas energias livres de ligação favoráveis podem ser justificadas pelas interações intermoleculares entre ligantes de PSAs e resíduos de sítio ativo de AHAS. Em termos de eficiência, a formação de ligações de hidrogênio pode ser explicada pelo grupo carboxilato partir dos ligantes e do grupo ARG-377 de AHAS.
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Rose, Sophie. "Optimisation de la prolifération et de la différenciation des hépatocytes humains dans un nouveau modèle de culture 3D : application à l'étude des Amines Hétérocycliques Aromatiques (AHAs)." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN1B022.

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Le foie joue un rôle prépondérant dans la biotransformation et l’élimination des xénobiotiques. Le développement de modèles cellulaires hépatiques humains pertinents représente un enjeu majeur afin d’étudier in vitro chez l’Homme la bioactivation de contaminants préoccupants, les altérations à l’ADN qui en dérivent et leur pouvoir mutagène/cancérigène. Ces analyses constituent des étapes clés pour l’identification de biomarqueurs d’exposition indispensables à l’évaluation du risque au niveau des individus et dans les populations. Lors de cette thèse, nous avons mis au point un modèle original de culture 3D en gels de collagène dans lequel les hépatocytes humains s’organisent en sphéroïdes polarisés. Par cette approche, nous avons démontré, pour la première fois, la capacité des hépatocytes primaires cultivés en 3D à proliférer in vitro. De plus, une réinitialisation du cycle cellulaire peut être obtenue après l’inhibition transitoire de la voie de signalisation des MAPKs MEK1/2-ERK1/2. Dans nos conditions, les hépatocytes primaires et transformés expriment des fonctions hépatiques hautement différenciées pendant plusieurs semaines de culture, et les cellules HepaRG se différencient après seulement quelques jours de culture, sans ajout de DMSO. Dans ce contexte, nous avons étudié la génotoxicité d’une classe de contaminants de l’environnement et de l’alimentation, les Amines Hétérocycliques Aromatiques (AHAs). Nos résultats démontrent la pertinence de la culture cellulaire en gels de collagène pour l’identification et la quantification des adduits à l’ADN et les études de toxicité aiguë et chronique dans les hépatocytes humains. Ces travaux représentent une avancée majeure car ils lèvent un verrou au développement de nombreuses applications biotechnologiques. L’établissement de tels modèles d’hépatocytes humains proliférants in vitro permet d’évaluer le pouvoir mutagène des contaminants de l’environnement
The liver plays a major role in metabolism and elimination of xenobiotics. The development of relevant human in vitro models represents a major challenge to study the hepatic bioactivation of drugs and contaminants, the DNA alterations and their mutagenic/carcinogenic potential. These analyzes are key steps for identifying biomarkers of exposure that are essential for assessing risk in populations. In this study, we developed an original cellular model of 3D culture in collagen gels in which human hepatocytes are well organized in spheroids with an apico-basal polarity. By this approach, we demonstrated, for the first time, the ability of these 3D primary human hepatocytes to proliferate in vitro. Furthermore, a new cell cycle can be reinitiate after transient MAPKs MEK1/2-ERK1/2 signaling pathway inhibition. Under our conditions, primary and transformed hepatocytes express highly differentiated hepatic functions for several weeks of culture, and HepaRG cells differentiate after only few days of culture without addition of DMSO. In this context, we investigated the genotoxicity of a class of environmental and food contaminants, the Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines (HAA). Our results demonstrate the relevance of the collagen gel culture for the identification and quantification of DNA adducts and for acute and chronic toxicity studies in human hepatocytes. This work provides long-awaited keys for further biotechnological promising developments. Such establishment of in vitro proliferating human hepatocytes models will enable the evaluation of the mutagenic potential of environmental contaminants
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Ganeshan, Dharshini. "Cell selection, characterization and regeneration of chlorsulfuron-resistant variants in asparagus." Lincoln University, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1871.

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This thesis reports the cell culture establishment and a somatic cell selection system optimized for the isolation of chlorsulfuron-resistant variants in asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.). The development of this cell selection system benefited the isolation of chlorsulfuron-resistant variants from an elite asparagus genotype. A cell culture system, suitable for somatic cell selection, was established for asparagus genotype CRD 168. Friable callus was initiated from etiolated shoots in darkness and used to produce a high density of single cells in suspension. Cell density was estimated based on a linear relationship with settled cell volume. A mean plating efficiency of 0.19 % was recorded between 1-4x10⁵ cells/Petri dish. In vitro cell selection techniques were developed to identify mutant asparagus cells with resistance to a sulfonylurea herbicide, chlorsulfuron. A few key aspects were important to achieve this: a cell culture system for cell selection was initially established; a toxic concentration for the complete growth inhibition of the wild type asparagus cells was defined; rare, resistant cell colonies were isolated and characterized; and chlorsulfuron-resistant plants were regenerated. From about 50 million cells, 165 cell colonies were isolated in the presence of 8 nM chlorsulfuron. Characterization of these selected cell colonies yielded 24 escapes, 98 unstable variants, and 43 stable-resistant variants. Callus cultures from 34 of these stable variants retained resistance following 11 months growth in the absence of the selection agent. Plants were regenerated from 36 of these stable herbicide-resistant variants. Six of these chlorsulfuron-resistant variants were screened for their degree of resistance to chlorsulfuron, cross resistance to other acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS) inhibiting herbicides and AHAS enzyme activity. Cross resistance to imazamox was evident in four of the resistant variants, while lack of cross resistance to metsulfuron methyl was observed in all six resistant variants. A varying degree of resistance to chlorsulfuron was observed among the resistant variants. Both in the original and secondary callus, an uninhibited AHAS enzyme activity in all six resistant variants was recorded in the presence of high chlorsulfuron concentration (70-140 nM), compared to the total inhibition in the wild type. One chlorsulfuron-resistant variant, R-45, was used to compare the biochemical and physiological basis of resistance with the wild type. The AHAS enzyme activity in the tissue culture and greenhouse foliage of R-45 was significantly higher in the presence of up to 280 nM chlorsulfuron compared with the wild type. Chlorsulfuron retention was considerably higher due to the reduction of epicuticular wax deposits on the foliage of R-45, in comparison with the wild type. Consequently, the resistant line absorbed at least 1.6 fold more chlorsulfuron than the wild type plants. Therefore, foliar application of 15 g a.i./ha Glean (commercial formulation of chlorsulfuron) produced typical symptoms of chlorosis in R-45, similar to the wild type, in the greenhouse plants. Somatic cell selection was carried out using two elite asparagus genotypes, CRD 74 and Clone X. Of the 33 rare cell colonies isolated from Clone X, 22 unstable variants and 6 escapes were discarded. All five remaining resistant variants produced plants. One of the stable-resistant variants (Clone X-24) was evaluated for resistance to chlorsulfuron. Both in vitro shoot cultures and greenhouse-grown plants of Clone X-24 showed increased resistance to chlorsulfuron compared with the wild type. The AHAS enzyme activity in the foliar extracts also showed the presence of higher enzyme activity in Clone X-24.
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Degrande, Delphine. "Etude de l'expression de l'acétohydroxyacide synthase (AHAS) au cours du cycle de développement de la chicorée Witloof (Cichorium intybus L. ) et effets de l'apport exogène de valine chez la chicorée et Aradopsis Thaliana." Lille 1, 2000. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2000/50376-2000-240.pdf.

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Notre etude a d'abord porte sur l'expression de l'acetohydroxyacide synthase (ahas, ec 4. 1. 3. 18) qui est la premiere enzyme commune a la biosynthese de la valine, la leucine et isoleucine. Cette etude a ete realisee chez la chicoree witloof (cichorium intybus l. ) Au cours de son cycle de developpement, ainsi que pendant le forcage de sa racine tuberisee lors de la production d'endive. Le gene de l'ahas peut etre assimile a un gene de menage car il s'exprime dans la plupart des organes. Cependant son expression est plus importante dans les organes en croissance active et les organes inflorescentiels. La racine tuberisee, quant a elle, ne presente aucune expression. Ainsi, la mise en place de la tuberisation participerait a la diminution de l'expression de l'ahas observee dans la racine au cours du developpement des plantules. Ensuite nous nous sommes interesses aux effets de l'apport exogene de valine, connue pour exercer une retroinhibition allosterique de l'ahas, parallelement chez de jeunes plantules de chicoree et d'arabidopsis thaliana. Il en resulte une inhibition reversible de la croissance. En particulier, la structure histologique de la racine est fortement alteree aussi bien dans la partie basale qu'apicale. L'apparition d'-aminobutyrate non detectable dans les plantes temoin reflete l'inhibition de l'ahas. Celle-ci s'effectue sans modification de l'expression du gene codant pour l'ahas et s'accompagne d'une augmentation de la teneur en acides amines libres. Ceux-ci ne proviennent pas de la surexpression d'enzymes impliquees dans l'assimilation azotee, la nitrate reductase et la glutamine synthetase. Un apport de valine durant quelques jours montre qu'elle est absorbee rapidement et provoque l'inhibition precoce de l'ahas chez les deux especes.
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Dively, Ronda S. "Empathy for Captain Ahab /." View online, 1989. http://repository.eiu.edu/theses/docs/32211131012518.pdf.

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Bugay, Edson Luiz. "O modelo AHAM - MI." Florianópolis, SC, 2006. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/88215.

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Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Produção.
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A utilização da hipermídia vem se tornando cada vez mais acessível e popular ao público em geral nas mais diversas áreas, tais como lazer, marketing, comércio eletrônico e principalmente no ensino onde ela permite ao usuário a exploração livre dos materiais apresentados através de diversas mídias estruturadas por links. Além de fornecer o material didático, proporciona uma forma de navegação onde o controle da interação está totalmente a cargo do usuário, permitindo que este tenha progresso de acordo com os seus interesses e objetivos e em seu próprio ritmo, sendo esta a principal característica pedagógica. De outro lado a Hipermídia Adaptativa estuda o desenvolvimento de sistemas capazes de promover a adaptação de conteúdos e recursos hipermídia vindos de qualquer fonte (bancos de dados, Internet, serviços, etc.) e apresentados em qualquer formato (texto, áudio, vídeo, etc e suas combinações) de forma individualizada a cada usuário, baseado em suas características individuais representadas em um Modelo do Usuário. O modelo AHAM-MI, proposto neste trabalho, utilizou os conceitos de regras "pedagógicas" introduzidas por Wu, Houben e De Bra no modelo AHAM, a estrutura do modelo Munich de Koch e Wirsing e acrescentou os conceitos das Inteligências Múltiplas de Gardner em seu Modelo de Adaptação e o Modelo do Usuário. No AHAM-MI, o Modelo de Adaptação seleciona o conteúdo a ser apresentado levando em conta o conhecimento do usuário sobre o assunto (como os demais sistemas existentes) e utilizando também o desenvolvimento das suas inteligências (de acordo com Gardner) para influir na adaptação, de modo que o aprendizado ocorra de acordo com as necessidades deste usuário. A base dos Sistemas de Hipermídia Adaptativa é o Modelo do Usuário onde são armazenados todas as características e o conhecimento de cada um dos usuários. No AHAM-MI, também será armazenado o nível de desenvolvimento de cada uma de suas inteligências, o que vem de encontro com a visão de uma escola ideal de Gardner como o lugar onde estudantes, de forma individual, terão suas inteligências reconhecidas e sua evolução será avaliada no contexto destas inteligências. The hypermedia's application is more and more accessible and popular to the general public in different areas like recreation, marketing, E-commerce and especially for learning, where it allows the user the free exploration of the contents through several kinds of media organized by links. Besides providing the scholastic material, it provides a kind of navigation where the interactive control is up to the user, allowing his/her progress according to his/ her own interests, objectives, and rhythm, this being the main pedagogic characteristic. On the other hand, Adaptive Hypermedia studies the development of systems capable of promoting the adaptation of contents and hypermedia resources from any source (data banks, Internet, services, etc) and presented in any format (text, audio, video, etc, and its combinations) in an individualized way for each user, based upon his/her individual characteristics represented by an User Model. The AHAM-MI model, proposed on this work, has taken advantage of the concept of "pedagogical" rules proposed by Wu, Houben and De Bra in the AHAM model, the Koch's and Wirsing's Munich model's structure and added Gardner's Multiple Intelligence concepts in the Adaptation Model and the User Model. On the AHAM-MI the Adaptation Model select the content to be presented taking into account the user's knowledge about this subject (as do other existing systems) and also the development of each of his/ her diverse intelligences (according to Gardner) to influence the adaptation, so that the learning takes place according to the user's necessities. The Adaptative Hypermedia Systems base is the User Model where all users' characteristics and knowledge are stored. On AHAM-MI, the development level of each intelligence also will be stored, which is the Gardner's vision of the ideal school as a place where students have their intelligences recognized individually and where their evolution is evaluated considering those intelligences.
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Groseclose, Adam Richard. "Forming of AHSS using Servo-Presses." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1408548321.

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Books on the topic "AHAS"

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Disānāyaka, Saman Mahānāma. Ahas ima. Koḷamba: Dayāvaṃśa Jayakoḍi saha Samāgama, 2013.

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Gordon, Conni. Oops and ahas!: 1001 speaker tips to ensure your success. Miami Beach, FL: Gordon Global Creative Center, 2004.

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Ernst, Stephanie. Ahas, König von Juda: Ein Beitrag zur Literatur und Geschichte des alten Israel. St. Ottilien: Eos Verlag, 2006.

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Raz̤ā, Kālīdās Guptā. Aham, g̲h̲air aham: Maz̤āmīn. Mumbaʼī: Sākār Pablisharz, 1999.

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AHÂD. Istanbul, Turkey: Tevhid Basım Yayın, 2019.

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Baryalay, ʻAbd al-Ghaffār. Ahaṝ. 2nd ed. Koṭah: Maktabah-i Qāsimiyah, 2003.

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Naz, Meena. Ahsas. Lahore: Book Palace, 1990.

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Pandya, Arunbhai. Paushtik ahar. Ahnedabad: Navbharat, 1991.

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Ojanen, Markku. Ahdas ateismi. Kauniainen: Perussanoma, 2011.

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Ek nari panch rup Bajpai. Hamara ahar. Delhi: Sadhna, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "AHAS"

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Gutteridge, Steven, Mark E. Thompson, Oswald Ort, Dale L. Shaner, Mark Stidham, Bijay Singh, Siyuan Tan, et al. "Acetohydroxyacid Synthase Inhibitors (AHAS/ALS)." In Modern Crop Protection Compounds, 29–162. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527644179.ch2.

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De Bra, Paul, Ad Aerts, David Smits, and Natalia Stash. "AHA! Meets AHAM." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 388–91. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-47952-x_44.

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Satoh, Tetsuo. "Ahar." In Sustainable Development in India, 109–27. 1 Edition. | New York : Routledge, 2020. |Series: Routledge new horizons in South Asian studies: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003036074-6.

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Carranza Ko, Ñusta. "Qishpikayqa aham." In Indigenous Futures and Learnings Taking Place, 117–37. New York : Routledge, 2021. | Series: Routledge research in anticipation and future studies: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003019299-6.

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Rehn, Alexandra Beatrice, and Johannes Buchner. "p23 and Aha1." In Subcellular Biochemistry, 113–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11731-7_6.

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. "AHA(’s)." In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege, 14. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_266.

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Kets de Vries, Manfred F. R. "Creating “Aha!” Experiences." In The CEO Whisperer, 91–100. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62601-3_13.

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von Kunhardt, Gert, and Marlén von Kunhardt. "Das Aha-Erlebnis." In Leichte Bewegung - Gewinn für Herz und Hirn, 7–12. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-62046-5_2.

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Raczek, Teresa P. "The Ahar Culture and Others." In A Companion to South Asia in the Past, 225–39. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119055280.ch14.

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Engelhardt, Monika, Roland Mertelsmann, and Justus Duyster. "atypisches hämolytisch urämisches Sydrom (aHUS)." In Das Blaue Buch, 371–72. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-60380-2_10.

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Conference papers on the topic "AHAS"

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Shenhar, Joram, John L. Hill, and Mark A. Lombardo. "The Advanced Handbrake Actuator System." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-33244.

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State-of-the-art freight car handbrakes are manpower intensive. Setting and releasing handbrakes expose operators to safety hazards and the potential for human error exposes train operations for possible time delays, mild to severe maintenance issues and ultimately the potential for major rail accidents. In response to the need to reduce the hazard associated with freight car handbrakes, UTD has developed the Advanced Handbrake Actuator System (AHAS), a fail-safe powered handbrake device, accessible from ground level on either side of the car. The AHAS concept was developed, manufactured and demonstrated under sponsorship of the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program. The system is designed to replace existing handbrake wheels and provide significant improvements by offering new ways of applying or releasing the brake. Remote electronic signal, car mounted hand levered pneumatic valve, and a manual hand crank mechanism, requiring significantly less effort than that required by the state-of-the-art handbrake wheel, constitute three methods of actuation. The AHAS is comprised of a compression coil spring arranged to apply tension to the handbrake chain as its default condition. Two release systems are available. The first uses an air cylinder actuator connected in series with the spring and chain. Applying air pressure by remote or local command will compress the spring and release the handbrake. The spring may also be compressed to release the handbrake by a hand crank mechanism, accessible from ground level on either side of the car. The AHAS is equipped with a dedicated air reservoir charged with compressed air prior to departure via the train’s brake pipe. The AHAS was successfully field tested on a freight car in regular service over a period of three months and was found to be user friendly and safe, logging over 120 successful operations.
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De Bra, Paul, Geert-Jan Houben, and Hongjing Wu. "AHAM." In the tenth ACM Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/294469.294508.

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"AHANS Workshop Summary." In 2013 IEEE Conference on Self-Adaptive and Self-Organizing Systems Workshops (SASOW). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sasow.2013.5.

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Pandremenos, John, Konstantinos Salonitis, and George Chryssolouris. "CO2 laser welding of AHSS." In ICALEO® 2009: 28th International Congress on Laser Materials Processing, Laser Microprocessing and Nanomanufacturing. Laser Institute of America, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2351/1.5061522.

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Huang, Liang, Min Kuo, and Benda Yan. "AHSS Application in Roof Strength." In SAE World Congress & Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2007-01-0339.

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Geiger, W., J. Bartholomeyczik, U. Breng, W. Gutmann, M. Hafen, E. Handrich, M. Huber, et al. "MEMS IMU for AHRS applications." In 2008 IEEE/ION Position, Location and Navigation Symposium. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/plans.2008.4569973.

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Li, D., S. Ding, L. Shi, Y. Li, Y. Sun, and R. Wagoner. "Chain-Die Forming of AHSS." In MS&T17. MS&T17, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7449/2017/mst_2017_1305_1308.

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Li, D., S. Ding, L. Shi, Y. Li, Y. Sun, and R. Wagoner. "Chain-Die Forming of AHSS." In MS&T17. MS&T17, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7449/2017mst/2017/mst_2017_1305_1308.

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Zaffora, Adriano, Joanna Stasiak, Geoff D. Moggridge, Maria Laura Costantino, and Roberto Fumero. "Design of Biomorphic Polymeric Heart Valve Prosthes by Means of FEM Modeling." In ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2010-19420.

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Severe stenotic or insufficient native heart valves (nHV) must be substituted with artificial heart valve prostheses (aHV) to prevent heart failure. Nowadays, surgeons can implant two types of aHVs: mechanical aHV or bioprosthetic aHV. Mechanical aHVs, which are built up from synthetic hard materials, assure good reliability but require daily anticoagulant treatment to avoid blood cells damage. On the contrary, bioprosthetic aHVs, which are made from animal or human tissues, display better hemocompatibility but significant risk of failure due to tissue degradation. Despite current development in manufacturing of valve prostheses, long-term clinical applications claim for new generation of aHVs able to meet reliability and effectiveness requirements [2].
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"AHS 2018 Index." In 2018 NASA/ESA Conference on Adaptive Hardware and Systems (AHS). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ahs.2018.8541446.

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Reports on the topic "AHAS"

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Feng, Zhili, Xinghua Yu, Donald Erdman, III, Yanli Wang, Steve Kelly, Wenkao Hou, Benda Yan, Zhifeng Wang, Zhenzhen Yu, and Stephen Liu. Improving Fatigue Performance of AHSS Welds. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1209200.

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Muller, Peter. 'Aha Huliko'a Workshop Series. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada605149.

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Muller, Peter. 'Aha Huliko'a Workshop Series. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada628216.

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Muller, Peter. Aha Huliko'a Workshop Series. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada622361.

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Muller, Peter. Aha Huliko'a Workshop Series. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada618366.

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Vineyard, E. A., J. R. Sand, C. K. Rice, R. L. Linkous, C. V. Hardin, and R. H. Bohman. DOE/AHAM advanced refrigerator technology development project. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/584988.

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Kaplan, Craig A. Aha: A Connectionist Perspective on Problem Solving. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada218915.

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Creekmore, G. R. A Single, Area Specific Military Housing Allowance -- An AHA. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada156329.

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Watkins, Thomas R., Gary Cola, Suresh S. Babu, Thomas R. Muth, Benjamin Shassere, Hsin Wang, and Ralph Dinwiddie. Fundamental Science and Technology of Flash Processing Robustness for Advanced High Strength Steels (AHSS). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1606795.

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Samsonov, S. V., and M. Czarnogorska. Ground deformation produced by 2012 M6.4 and M6.3 Ahar double earthquakes mapped with RADARSAT-2 DInSAR. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/296205.

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