Relevant bibliographies by topics / Agro-waste Feedstock

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Academic literature on the topic 'Agro-waste Feedstock'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 9 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Agro-waste Feedstock"

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Pandit, Soumya, Nishit Savla, Jayesh M. Sonawane, Abubakar Muh’d Sani, Piyush Kumar Gupta, Abhilasha Singh Mathuriya, Ashutosh Kumar Rai, Dipak A. Jadhav, Sokhee P. Jung, and Ram Prasad. "Agricultural Waste and Wastewater as Feedstock for Bioelectricity Generation Using Microbial Fuel Cells: Recent Advances." Fermentation 7, no. 3 (August 28, 2021): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation7030169.

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In recent years, there has been a significant accumulation of waste in the environment, and it is expected that this accumulation may increase in the years to come. Waste disposal has massive effects on the environment and can cause serious environmental problems. Thus, the development of a waste treatment system is of major importance. Agro-industrial wastewater and waste residues are mainly rich in organic substances, lignocellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and they have a relatively high amount of energy. As a result, an effective agro-waste treatment system has several benefits, including energy recovery and waste stabilization. To reduce the impact of the consumption of fossil energy sources on our planet, the exploitation of renewable sources has been relaunched. All over the world, efforts have been made to recover energy from agricultural waste, considering global energy security as the final goal. To attain this objective, several technologies and recovery methods have been developed in recent years. The microbial fuel cell (MFC) is one of them. This review describes the power generation using various types of agro-industrial wastewaters and agricultural residues utilizing MFC. It also highlights the techno-economics and lifecycle assessment of MFC, its commercialization, along with challenges.
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Black, Mairi J., Amitava Roy, Edson Twinomunuji, Francis Kemausuor, Richard Oduro, Matthew Leach, Jhuma Sadhukhan, and Richard Murphy. "Bottled Biogas—An Opportunity for Clean Cooking in Ghana and Uganda." Energies 14, no. 13 (June 26, 2021): 3856. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14133856.

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Anaerobic digestion (AD) can bring benefits in terms of effective management of organic waste, recovery of nutrients and energy recovery, and is consistent with circular economy principles. AD has been promoted and implemented worldwide, but at widely differing scales, influenced by the availability and location of feedstocks. In developing countries, feedstock arises from small- to medium-scale agriculture and agro-processing operations, as well as from household and municipal waste. Biogas produced from residues from agro-processing facilities may be used for on-site heat and power, but the lack of a gas and electricity grid infrastructure can limit opportunities to distribute gas or generated electricity to wider users. This paper presents the findings of the first study to consider novel technologies for small-scale and low-cost biogas clean-up into biomethane, and compression into small bottles, suitable as a clean cooking fuel. The paper reports on the initial evaluation of biomethane for cooking in Ghana and Uganda.
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Abdullah, Nur Athirah, Mohd Saiful Asmal Rani, Masita Mohammad, Muhammad Hanif Sainorudin, Nilofar Asim, Zahira Yaakob, Halim Razali, and Zeynab Emdadi. "Nanocellulose from agricultural waste as an emerging material for nanotechnology applications – an overview." Polimery 66, no. 3 (March 23, 2021): 157–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.14314/polimery.2021.3.1.

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It has been shown that in the last decades nanotechnology plays a key role not only in science but more and more often in industry as well. Recent research has shown that agricultural waste is a possible feedstock to produce nanocellulose which can be used for different applications, such as a biosensor, semiconductor and reinforcing agent. The use of agro-waste as a precursor not only offers advantages for raw material costs, but also for the climate, low processing costs, availability and convenience. It also helps to address environmental issues, such as illness, foul odor and concerns with indoor use. Different processes, such as chemical treatment, mechanical treatment and chemo-mechanical treatment, have been used to extract nanocellulose from agro-waste. This article highlights the latest technologies used to acquire agro-waste nanocellulose, as well as existing advances in and applications of nanocellulose technologies.
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Spalvins, Kriss, Ilze Vamza, and Dagnija Blumberga. "Single Cell Oil Production from Waste Biomass: Review of Applicable Industrial By-Products." Environmental and Climate Technologies 23, no. 2 (November 1, 2019): 325–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2019-0071.

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Abstract Single cell oil (SCO) is an attractive alternative source of oil, which, depending on the fatty acid composition, can be used as a feedstock for biodiesel production, as an ingredient for pharmaceuticals or as a source of essential fatty acids for human and animal consumption. However, the use of SCO is limited due to use of relatively expensive food or feed products in the cultivation of SCO producing microorganisms. In order to reduce SCO production costs, the use of cheaper feedstock such as biodegradable agro-industrial wastes are necessary. At the same time, the microbial treatment of biodegradable wastes ensures the neutralization of environmentally harmful compounds and reduces the negative impact on the environment. Oleaginous microorganisms are capable of fermenting a variety of industrial by-products, waste products and wastewaters, however further discussion on properties of the waste materials is necessary to facilitate the selection of the most appropriate waste materials for SCO production. Thus, this review compares various industrial waste products that can be used as cheap feedstock for the cultivation of SCO producing microorganisms. Industrial waste products, by-products and wastewaters are compared according to their global availability, current use in competing industries, required pre-fermentation treatments, oleaginous microorganism cell concentrations and SCO yields.
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Ibrahim, Haruna, Shamsudeen Jibia, Ismail Mohammed, and Suleiman Magaji. "Biochemicals synthesis from dead leaves of Acacia auriculiformis over zinc chloride and sodium hydroxide." Applied Research Journal of Science and Technology 3, no. 3 (October 31, 2022): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.47721/arjst20220303022.

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This study was undertaken to investigate the biochemicals and biofuel feedstocks in the waste leaves of Acacia auriculiformis. A 50g mass of pulverized dead leaves of the tree were hydrolytically extracted using ZnCl2 and NaOH catalysts at 100oC for 30 minutes. The extracts were filtered with sheet cloth and 4g of each sample was analyzed with GC-MS. The highest fatty acid yield was 235.74 g over ZnCl2 and 222.82 g over NaOH. The highest yields of other prominent chemicals found were 28.17g furan methanol over ZnCl2, 14.18g spathulenol over NaOH, 55.55g Phytol over ZnCl2, 15.94g caryophyllene over NaOH, 15.2g hydroxylamine octyl over ZnCl2, 12.33g stigmasterol over NaOH and 16.85g Methyl a-D-galactopyranoside over NaOH. The biochemicals extracted from the leaves of Acacia auriculiformis are important chemical feedstocks for the pharmaceutical, cosmetics, agro-allied, and food industries. Keywords: biochemicals, dead leaves, feedstock, synthesis, Acacia auriculiformis
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Gómez, James A., Luis G. Matallana, and Óscar J. Sánchez. "Towards a Biorefinery Processing Waste from Plantain Agro-Industry: Process Design and Techno-Economic Assessment of Single-Cell Protein, Natural Fibers, and Biomethane Production through Process Simulation." Fermentation 8, no. 11 (October 27, 2022): 582. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation8110582.

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The plantain agro-industry generates different residues in the harvest and post-harvest stages. Therefore, the design of processes for valorization is required. The aim of this work was to design and techno-economically evaluate the processes for the production of single-cell protein, natural fibers, and biomethane from plantain residues by process simulation in the framework of the design of a future biorefinery for valorization of these residues. The processes were simulated using SuperPro Designer. The scale size was calculated at 1,267,071 tons for the processing of plantain lignocellulosic waste (pseudostems) and 3179 tons for the processing of starchy waste (rejected unripe plantain fruits). The results obtained suggest that the best alternative for the valorization of plantain residues corresponded to the production of natural fibers, with a net present value of $29,299,000. This work shows that waste from the plantain agro-industry exhibits high potential as a feedstock for the production of value-added products. In addition, the process flowsheets simulated in this work can be integrated into the basic design of a biorefinery processing plantain waste.
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Angadam, Justine O., Mahomet Njoya, Seteno K. O. Ntwampe, Boredi S. Chidi, Jun-Wei Lim, Vincent I. Okudoh, and Peter L. Hewitt. "Nepenthes mirabilis Fractionated Pitcher Fluid Use for Mixed Agro-Waste Pretreatment: Advocacy for Non-Chemical Use in Biorefineries." Catalysts 12, no. 7 (June 30, 2022): 726. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12070726.

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This study determined whether it is feasible to pretreat mixed agro-waste of different particle sizes using the pitcher fluid of Nepenthes mirabilis (N. mirabilis), which is known to digest leaf litter due to the enzyme cocktail contained in the fluid. This is due to the need for the holocellulolysis (a source of fermentable sugars) of mixed agro-waste to produce fermentable hydrolysates. The pitcher fluid was fractionated (<3 kDa, ˃3 kDa, <10 kDa, ˃10 kDa) and slurrified with the mixed agro-waste, i.e., 25% (w/w) for each waste—orange peels, apple peels, maize cobs, grape pomace, and oak plant leaf litter of various particle sizes, i.e., >75 µm x < 106 µm and >106 µm. The process of producing a high concentration of total reducible sugars (TRSs) with the lowest production of total phenolic compounds (TPCs) was determined to be a particle size of >106 µm, pretreatment for 72 h, and an enzyme fraction of <10 kDa, whereby 97 g/L of TRSs were produced with a significantly lower TPCs load (1 g/L). Furthermore, the <10 kDa showed preferable physico-chemical properties, with the highest reduction-oxidation potential including acidity. Several enzymes, i.e., β-1,3-Glucanase, Putative peroxidase 27, Thaumatin-like protein, among others, were identified in the <10 kDa fraction, i.e., enzymes known to perform various functions in plant-based waste. Therefore, there is a need for the renewable energy industry to consider solely using pitcher fluids to pretreat mixed agro-waste for fermentable hydrolysates’ production, which can be used as liquid feedstock for the bioenergy and/or biorefinery industries for environmental pollution reduction.
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B. Shah, Jinesh, and Janak B. Valaki. "A Comprehensive Review on Feasibility of Different Agro Residues for Production of Bio-Oil, Bio-Char and Pyro-Gas." Jurnal Kejuruteraan 35, no. 1 (January 30, 2023): 77–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(1)-08.

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Burning of post-harvest non-edible agro residues (biomass) are the major source of environmental and soil pollution, affecting the lives of millions of people, especially in certain demography of developing countries like India. Non edible agro residues contain toxic structural constituents, making it unsuitable for cattle feed. However, due to its cellulosic and lignocellulosic constituents, it has the potential to be used as a promising feedstock to develop value added energy products. Authors in this review paper have comprehensively reviewed the technological aspects related to conversion of agro residues into value added energy products like bio-oil, bio-char, and pyro gas. Various non-edible agro residues like Cotton stalk, castor stalk, Maize stalk, Rice straw, Rice husk, Corn cob, Sugarcane bagasse, and wheat straw etc., have been reviewed for its potential as feedstock material for thermo chemical conversion to obtain energy products like bio-oil, bio-char, and pyro-gas. Different physio-chemical properties, its chemical characterization methods, different bio-oil upgradation techniques, Techno-economic analysis (TEA), and Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) have been reviewed for different thermo-chemical conversion processes. The reviewed works reveal that byproducts derived from pyrolysis of non-edible agro residues have potential to be used as biofuels. Bio-oils after upgradation may be used as fuel, bio-char with appropriate pulversing may be used as soil nutrient, and pyro-gas may be used as energy gas or carrier gas for process industries. LCA of different processes for different agro residue-based biofuels indicate that conversion of biomass into energy fuels is an sustainable, and economical solution for the environment point of view and economic point of view through pyrolysis process as compare to the other conversion processes because pyrolysis process can accommodate agro waste and produce bio-char and pyro-gas along with bio-oil having capacity to generate good revenue.
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Drescher, Adrian, and Marlene Kienberger. "A Systematic Review on Waste as Sustainable Feedstock for Bioactive Molecules—Extraction as Isolation Technology." Processes 10, no. 8 (August 22, 2022): 1668. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10081668.

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In today’s linear economy, waste streams, environmental pollution, and social–economic differences are increasing with population growth. The need to develop towards a circular economy is obvious, especially since waste streams are composed of valuable compounds. Waste is a heterogeneous and complex matrix, the selective isolation of, for example, polyphenolic compounds, is challenging due to its energy efficiency and at least partially its selectivity. Extraction is handled as an emerging technology in biorefinery approaches. Conventional solid liquid extraction with organic solvents is hazardous and environmentally unfriendly. New extraction methods and green solvents open a wider scope of applications. This research focuses on the question of whether these methods and solvents are suitable to replace their organic counterparts and on the definition of parameters to optimize the processes. This review deals with the process development of agro-food industrial waste streams for biorefineries. It gives a short overview of the classification of waste streams and focuses on the extraction methods and important process parameters for the isolation of secondary metabolites.
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Villegas-Méndez, Miguel Ángel, Julio Montañez, Juan Carlos Contreras-Esquivel, Iván Salmerón, Apostolis Koutinas, and Lourdes Morales-Oyervides. "Coproduction of Microbial Oil and Carotenoids within the Circular Bioeconomy Concept: A Sequential Solid-State and Submerged Fermentation Approach." Fermentation 8, no. 6 (May 28, 2022): 258. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation8060258.

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The main objective of integrative biorefinery platforms is to propose efficient green methodologies addressed to obtain high-value compounds with low emissions through biochemical conversions. This work first screened the capacity of various oleaginous yeast to cosynthesize high-value biomolecules such as lipids and carotenoids. Selected strains were evaluated for their ability to coproduce such biocompounds in the waste-based media of agro-food (brewer’s spent grain, pasta processing waste and bakery waste). Carbon and nitrogen source feedstock was obtained through enzymatic hydrolysis of the agro-food waste, where up to 80% of total sugar/starch conversion was obtained. Then, the profitability of the bioprocess for microbial oil (MO) and carotenoids production by Sporobolomyces roseus CFGU-S005 was estimated via simulation using SuperPro Designer®. Results showed the benefits of establishing optimum equipment scheduling by identifying bottlenecks to increase profitability. Sensitivity analysis demonstrated the impact of MO price and batch throughput on process economics. A profitable process was achieved with a MO batch throughput of 3.7 kg/batch (ROI 31%, payback time 3.13 years). The results revealed areas that require further improvement to achieve a sustainable and competitive process for the microbial production of carotenoids and lipids.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Agro-waste Feedstock"

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ROVERA, CESARE. "REINFORCED PLASTICS AND BIOPLASTICS USING ADDED VALUE ADDITIVES EXTRACTED FROM LIGNOCELLULOSIC AGRO-WASTE FEEDSTOCKS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/912623.

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This PhD thesis dealt with the extraction of cellulose and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) from three different lignocellulosic agro-waste feedstocks, that is, corncob, giant cane cut-up and garlic stalk through a customized and standardized chemical procedure. In particular, for giant cane cut-up original biomass, a process optimization was performed aimed both to reduce the impact of the usage of organic solvents and to make the extractive conditions more ‘environmental-friendly’ in both cellulose and CNCs extractions. Moreover, the extracted cellulose and CNCs from giant cane cut-up were subsequently compared with bacterial cellulose (BC) and bacterial CNCs (BCNCs), produced by acetic acid bacteria, which represent the pure counterparts. Therefore, a comparison between the structural features of both the extracted plant-based cellulose and BC by means of 13C Cross-Polarization Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (13C CP MAS NMR), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and by optical microscopy analyses, was performed. As same, the top-down approaches of the agro-waste-derived cellulose in the production of cellulose nanocrystals, involved the use of both chemical and enzymatic methods. Nowadays, cellulose nanocrystals are one of the most promising alternatives to synthetic fillers, while representing an important field of investigation within numerous research groups due to its attractive properties such as high crystallinity, purity, non-toxicity, dimensional and origin. The most commonly employed method for the extraction of CNCs, is represented by the chemical hydrolysis (by means of concentrated acids solution, such as HCl, H2SO4 and HF), but enzymatic hydrolysis by using e.g. cellulase and endoglucanase, represents today a sustainable and more environmental-friendly approach than chemical procedures. As for giant cane-derived cellulose, a characterization of the extracted CNCs was performed, as well as a detailed comparison with the bacterial counterpart, mainly in terms of size distribution, morphology and yield of the extraction process. Moreover, because the enzymatic hydrolysis is time-consuming, in order to investigate the possibility to introduce a ‘booster’ during the enzymatic process, an expansin-like cerato-platanin (CP) protein as a pre-treatment for the enzymatic hydrolysis of BC was used. Up to now, the pre-treatment was performed only on cellulose from bacterial origin (which represents the pure counterpart) but, according to the literature, the testing of CP protein on giant cane cut-up-derived cellulose will represent an upcoming priority. CNCs were used as organic nanofiller to form a bionanocomposite coating deposited on plastics (polyethylene terephthalate – PET and biaxially oriented polypropylene – BOPP) and bioplastics (polylactic acid – PLA and starch-based compound – Mater-Bi) intended for food packaging applications, where the main biopolymer phase is represented by both polysaccharides and proteins (i.e., chitosan, pullulan and gelatin). The final coated packaging films exhibited enhanced oxygen barrier, surface and optical properties, which can expand the use of plastics and bioplastics for food packaging applications. Due to the pronounced difference in size distribution and morphological features between giant-cane derived CNCs and BCNCs, both the characterization and the overall performance evaluation of a cellulose nanocrystals/pullulan-based nanocomposite coating on PET, were discussed.
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Books on the topic "Agro-waste Feedstock"

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Kaur, Surinder, and Gurpreet S. Dhillon. Agro-Industrial Wastes As Feedstock for Enzyme Production: Apply and Exploit the Emerging and Valuable Use Options of Waste Biomass. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2016.

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Kaur, Surinder, and Gurpreet S. Dhillon. Agro-Industrial Wastes As Feedstock for Enzyme Production: Apply and Exploit the Emerging and Valuable Use Options of Waste Biomass. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2016.

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Book chapters on the topic "Agro-waste Feedstock"

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Puri, M., and R. E. Abraham. "Strategies to Enhance Enzyme Activity for Industrial Processes in Managing Agro-Industrial Waste." In Agro-Industrial Wastes as Feedstock for Enzyme Production, 299–312. Elsevier, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-802392-1.00013-7.

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Sharma, R., H. S. Oberoi, and G. S. Dhillon. "Fruit and Vegetable Processing Waste." In Agro-Industrial Wastes as Feedstock for Enzyme Production, 23–59. Elsevier, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-802392-1.00002-2.

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T., Lakshmana Kishore, and Haribalaji V. "A Study on the Conversion of Ligninolytic Biomass to Biofuels." In Human Agro-Energy Optimization for Business and Industry, 46–68. IGI Global, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-4118-3.ch003.

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Due to increasing power demand and the utilisation of natural resources in growing countries, the use of biomass and biofuels is emerging. The role of thermophilic ligninolytic bacterial enzymes in the biomass-to-biofuel conversion process is discussed in this chapter. Various elements of biomass feedstocks, compositions, and viabilities of lignocellulosic biomass are illustrated. The lignocellulosic biomass pre-treatment methods, inhibitors during the pre-treatment process, hydrolysis methods, and bacteria production processes have been explained. The processes for isolation, screening, and maintenance of cellulolytic bacteria are exemplified through suitable schematics. The utilization of agro-waste in the ethanal and biofuel production processes is also exemplified.
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Conference papers on the topic "Agro-waste Feedstock"

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Sarmiento, A. L. E., D. M. Y. Maya, F. Chejne, and E. E. S. Lora. "Gasification of Agro-Industrial Wastes for Electricity Cogeneration." In ASME Turbo Expo 2015: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2015-43410.

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The purpose of this paper is to report studies on agricultural residual biomass gasification to power cogeneration. The classification was determined by availability and feedstock for thermochemical conversion of waste materials of flower industry in Colombia. Firstly, it was made an inventory of the main species of flowers produced, they were evaluated from the point of view of energy proximate and ultimate analysis of the available biomass[1]–[4] [5]. As a result of this work, the waste types with higher residual biomass per unit area were classified, they generate on average 665.59 Kg/ha of dry residual biomass. The elemental analysis (CHON) was expressed to be: C:35,47%, H:4,50%, O:52,24 % and N:2,291% and a calorific value of 3248,30 cal/kg. Experimental tests were conducted in a gasification updraft reactor using air as gasifying agent, steam and a mixture of air and steam at 850°C. The yields and gas composition were analyzed, in this case the values of CO, H2, CO2, N2 and CH4 have been on average 21.9%, 44.8%, 24.4%, 5.9% and 3.1% respectively [1], [2], [4], [6]–[10]. With the experimental test data was fed zero dimensional model in Aspen Plus® software, which highlights that 20% of energy from biomass producer gas is carried to later becoming electricity, it concludes that for each kilogram of biomass with 11% humidity fed to the process will provide 0.66 kW of electric power to the motor generator.
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