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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Agricultural labour

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Academic literature on the topic 'Agricultural labour'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 18 May 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Agricultural labour"

1

Buchta, S. "Labour market and agricultural population." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 50, No. 11 (February 24, 2012): 529–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5244-agricecon.

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The article analyses situation on the labour market in 1999–2003, with particular focus on the agricultural population, and explains the pressure that forces agricultural employers to reduce their full-time staff and rely more on the seasonal and short-term employment arrangements. In the recent past, the segment of rotating workers (who take up short-term seasonal jobs between periods of unemployment), has taken on quite a significant dimension. The article also analyses territorial aggregations with high incidence of agricultural unemployment. It points at the regular, seasonal and increased layouts of agricultural workers who end up in the register of unemployed. It identifies the social risk connected with the seasonal type of work arrangements in agriculture from the viewpoint of the labour and social protection and increased social marginalisation of this social group.

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Gołaś, Zbigniew. "Przemiany i uwarunkowania wydajności pracy w rolnictwie Unii Europejskiej w latach 2005-2016." Roczniki Naukowe Ekonomii Rolnictwa i Rozwoju Obszarów Wiejskich 106, no. 1 (June 27, 2019): 22–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/rnr.2019.106.1.2.

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The main aim of the work was to present the changes observed in the labour productivity in EU agriculture in years 2005-2016. The author proposed also the methodical decomposition of the labor productivity ratio in agriculture. Seven factors (ratios) have been taken into account in three models of labor productivity decomposition. These factors are: inputs productivity, land productivity, value added index, production taxation, production subsidies, equipment employed in agricultural land and the level of agricultural production intensity. The use of the deterministic method allowed to analyse the changes in labour productivity from the perspectives both in the EU agriculture (EU-28) and in the Polish agriculture. Performed studies seems to prove that in the years 2005-2016 the labor productivity measured by gross value added increased in case of EU-28 by average 2.13% and in the case of EU-15 only by 0.98%. At the same time, higher increase was observed in the case of EU-13 which equal to 3.45%. It may suggest that can be observe the ongoing process of the labor productivity convergence in EU agriculture. In the light of deterministic analysis, it was possible to specify the main factors contributing to the increase in labor productivity in agriculture in the EU-28 and in Poland, which are the increase in production intensity and the increase in agricultural land/labour relation. However, it should be also noted that the favorable direction of changes in labour productivity was weakened by the decreasing efficiency of production measured by the inputs productivity and the share of value added in revenues.

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Shelkovnikov, S., and I. Kuznetsova. "DEMAND AND SUPPLY IMBALANCE IN THE AGRICULTURAL LABOUR MARKET IN THE CONDITIONS OF DIGITALIZATION." Transbaikal State University Journal 27, no. 9 (2021): 129–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21209/2227-9245-2021-27-9-129-136.

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Since in the current conditions the dominant trends in agriculture are automation and robotization, in the near future, human-controlled equipment will be almost completely automated and most of the competencies required in production will lose their relevance, since the use of digital technologies can replace not only routine manual labor, but also a significant number of mental labour of workers. During this period, the formation of unique competencies inherent only to a person acquires special relevance. Therefore, in our opinion, the need for the formation of knowledge and skills of a higher level comes to the fore. The use of digitalized systems and algorithms in agricultural production leads to a significant increase in labor productivity and, as a result, to a significant release of labor resources. At the same time, the demand for workers with a certain set of knowledge and skills is increasing. The article discusses the main changes taking place in the agricultural labour market in the context of digitalization. Key points: – the use of digital algorithms significantly affects the growth of labour productivity; – the growing demand for workers with digital competencies leads to a lagging supply in the agricultural labour market; – the influence of non-price factors of supply and demand leads to an imbalance in the agricultural labour market The object of the study is the agricultural labour market in the conditions of digitalization. The subject of the study is the supply and demand imbalance in the labour market. The purpose of the study is to identify and systematize the factors that have a non-price impact on the state of the agricultural labour market. Research methodology reveals the principle of objectivity and comprehensiveness; taking into account the continuous development of elements Research methods are presented by statistical, analytical, abstract-logical, graphical and other used methods

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Rembisz, WÅ‚odzimierz, and Agata Sielska. "Relationship between labour productivity and its remuneration. The case of agriculture." New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Humanities and Social Sciences 2, no. 2 (January 12, 2016): 262–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/prosoc.v2i2.453.

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The article aims at presenting the fundamental relationship between remuneration and productivity of labor factor. This relationship is explored analytically and empirically. It is investigated at the level of the agricultural sector, derived from the microeconomic level, i.e. an agricultural producer. Based on an optimal solution of the income maximisation problem, we derive the determinants of remuneration of the labour factor, i.e. income in agriculture. We explore analytically the improvement of labour productivity. We also take into consideration the issue of the importance of subsidies which can be refered to as the second potential source of agricultural producer's income. The empirical evidence is based on the FADN (Farm Accountancy Data Network) data for 2004-2012 for Member States that joined the European Union in 2004. We examine the statistical relationship between the indicators of developments in the productivity of the labour factor, income and the level of subsidies in selected countries.Keywords: objective function of an agricultural producer, productivity of the labour factor, remuneration of the labour factor;

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Heppi, Dri, Yunisvita Yunisvita, and Siti Rohima. "Comparison of Labour Absorption Based on Employment Status in the Regencies/Cities of South Sumatra Province." Oblik i finansi, no. 1(103) (2024): 137–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.33146/2307-9878-2024-1(103)-137-146.

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The labour force is one of the factors of economic growth. At the same time, the discrepancy between the labour supply and the demand for it creates unemployment in the country. This study aims to analyze the difference in labour absorption in the labour status group of agricultural free workers and non-agricultural free workers using the variables that are more dominant in influencing labour absorption in the regencies/cities of South Sumatra Province. The sample was selected based on a multi-stage sample design with a probability method based on the cluster sampling method so that 172 people were obtained consisting of 62 free workers in agriculture and 110 free workers in non-agriculture in the regencies/cities of South Sumatra Province. The analysis technique uses the Chi-Square test and Multiple Regression Analysis based on the F-test and t-test. The independent variables in this study are working hours, marital status, gender, education level and employee's age. The results of the analysis show that there is a difference between the absorption of agricultural and non-agricultural free labour. Simultaneously, the variables of working hours, marital status, gender, education level and age affect the absorption of free agricultural and non-agricultural labour. Partially, only the education level variable has no significant effect on the absorption of free agricultural labour. This is because labour in agriculture is less qualified, and workers without a high level of education can be engaged for their performance. In general, in Indonesia the absorption of agricultural free labour is higher than the absorption of non-agricultural free labour. The most dominant variable affecting the absorption of agricultural free labour is gender, while for non-agricultural free labour is marital status.

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Mehar, Dr P. G., Laxmikant Misal, Sumit Donadkar, Akash Sukhadeve, Shubham Tonge, Sanket Gotmare, and Devendra Kolhatkar. "A Review on Design of Multi–purpose Cutting Machine for Agricultural Uses." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 2 (February 28, 2022): 1468–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.40545.

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Abstract: India is an agricultural country. In which 65% people are farmers. As, the population of india is increased, the demand of food is also increasing. In these circumstances, we need a fast cutting process instead of traditional cutting methods. In the past, agricultural activities were carried out with manual force. But today in most of our country there is a shortage of manpower; therefore labor is not available when required. So the labour cost for cutting of sugarcanes seed, groundnut and straw cutting only skilled labours are required. To minimize the labour cost and to get work done in minimum, time at cheap cost this machine is designed. It is simple in construction. It does not need skilled labour Keywords: Sugarcane Seed Cutting, Groundnut Stripper, Straw Cutting.

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Trpeski, Predrag, and Marijana Cvetanoska. "The Impact of the Main Determinants and Changes in Agricultural Labour Productivity in Macedonia." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 14, no. 10 (April 30, 2018): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2018.v14n10p119.

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The aim of this paper is to analyze changes and impacts on the level of labour productivity in the agricultural sector in Macedonia in the period from 2006 to 2017. Labour productivity is an important determinant for establishing the competitiveness of a particular sector or overall economy and helps in creating the necessary conditions for economic development. Agricultural sector in many countries represents the basis for growth in gross domestic product. Agriculture plays a key role in development of the national economy in Macedonia as a third largest sector after services and industry. Therefore, in order to increase the agricultural labour productivity, it is necessary to increase agricultural production, i.e., the part of gross domestic product created by the agriculture sector. In this direction, the paper also analyzes the relationship between agricultural labour productivity and gross domestic product and employment in agriculture. Synthesis and analysis, induction and deduction, descriptive statistics, comparative analysis, correlation analysis and regression analysis are used for the purpose of the paper. The results show that changes in gross domestic product in agricultural sector in Macedonia have a greater impact on agricultural labour productivity for the analyzed period compared to the impact of changes in the number of employees in the agriculture sector where the relationship is weak to moderate. Research results also showed that there is a positive and strong quantitative relationship between agricultural labour productivity growth rate and GDP growth rate in Macedonian economy. Agricultural GDP is the determinant which has to be influenced through intensification of agricultural production in order to increase the agricultural productivity.

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Spěšná, D., P. Pospěch, F. Nohel, J. Drlík, and M. Delín. "Aging of the agricultural workforce in relation to the agricultural labour market." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 55, No. 9 (September 24, 2009): 424–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/20/2009-agricecon.

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The development of age structure of Czech agricultural workforce has been continuously predominantly negative since 1989 and it constitutes a serious problem in terms of reproduction of agricultural workforce. The present paper abstains from analyzing the demographic, economic and socio-political influences on this process and tries to identify the specific factors inherent in the agricultural labour market. It considers opportunities for improving the age structure of agricultural workforce provided by the labour market system, particularly in relation to the supply of workforce, demand for it, unemployment and wage levels. An abductive approach, based on a secondary analysis of quantitative data and the authors’ own empirical survey, identifies a set of hypotheses about the relationship between agricultural labour market and the age structure of agricultural workforce.

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Tudor, Valentina Constanta, Toma Adrian Dinu, Marius Vladu, Dragoș Smedescu, Ionela Mituko Vlad, Eduard Alexandru Dumitru, Cristina Maria Sterie, and Carmen Luiza Costuleanu. "Labour Implications on Agricultural Production in Romania." Sustainability 14, no. 14 (July 13, 2022): 8549. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14148549.

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Throughout this paper, the theoretical concepts from the above areas were combined with the analysis and interpretation of statistical data from the same areas of interest, resulting in a detailed analysis of how the agricultural labour force influences the yields of the five most important crops in the Romanian agricultural sector, namely, wheat, maize, sunflower, rapeseed and soybean. The analysis was carried out within the eight NUTS-listed development regions. A bibliometric analysis of the importance of the academic environment for agricultural labour force research was previously carried out using VOSviewer software. The content of this document aims to determine the impact that the agricultural labour force has on the productivity of the five main crops cultivated in Romania over large areas during the period 2015–2019, where, although the population employed in agriculture has decreased, the yields of these crops have increased due to the technological development process started in agriculture. As of 2019, only 9% of the total Romanian population is represented by the population employed in agriculture and 39.41% and 61.37% of the total area of the country are represented by arable/agricultural area, respectively.

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Jaroszewska, Joanna, and Włodzimierz Rembisz. "SOURCES OF THE DYNAMICS OF LABOR PRODUCTIVITY CHANGES IN AGRICULTURE IN EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES BASED ON ECONOMIC ACCOUNTS FOR AGRICULTURE (EAA)." Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists XX, no. 2 (May 7, 2018): 72–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0011.8118.

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The purpose of this analysis is to illustrate sources of dynamics of labour productivity factor performance based on the analytical approach adopted. The dynamics of gross value added and employment in agriculture were shaped to the dynamics of labor productivity changes. Derived analytical approach to the sources of dynamics of changes in labour productivity has been illustrated empirically. The empirical analysis was based on EU ROSTAT data. Economic Accounts for Agriculture and Statistics of Agricultural Labor Inputs. The positive impact of both sources of labor productivity growth and gross value added a tendency towards greater stability for the EU -15 countries has been demonstrated, the neutral nature of direct payments for changes in labor productivity was found.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Agricultural labour"

1

Kurzweil, Marianne. "Interdependencies between agricultural and labour markets." Aachen Shaker, 2008. http://d-nb.info/999600532/04.

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2

Liu, Gerald. "Agricultural wage labour in fifteenth-century England." Thesis, Durham University, 2012. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/3353/.

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This dissertation is researching the employment of different types of agricultural labourer in the ending phase of the middle ages. The purpose is to question the method of using casual wage evidence to interpret changes in the labourer’s income in the current study of late medieval economic history. My criticism of the traditional method is that, since casual wage evidence is composed of the price of finishing a piece of work, it is inappropriate to use that evidence to interpret incomes without the information of how many pieces of work done by the labourer. The said information is, indeed, mostly unavailable. My proposition to solve this problem is to use the salaries paid to the permanent farm worker, who was hired by year. The approach of this research is, firstly, to demonstrate the limitations of the traditional method and, secondly, to demonstrate that the salary paid to the permanent worker is a useful tool for understanding the changes in the labourer’s income. In particular, the discussion is separated into five chapters. At first, I intend to illustrate that casual wage evidence illustrates only one aspect of the fifteenth-century agricultural labour market and that from the same source material more information apart from wage data is available and allows us to examine other aspects of wage labour. With the information, I shall argue that job opportunities in the casual sector were limited by farming seasons; and that, except for a few villagers, casual employment only accounted for a minor part of the yearly income. It shall be illustrated that apart from casual labourers, the manorial demesne employed the other two types of labourers, who were potentially more important than casual labourers in terms of the cost and the labour input. Between the two, labour services were persistently employed, but their important were dwindling, whilst the permanent workers were the main labour force purposely maintained on the demesne. This finding proves that the employment of casual labour was relatively insignificant. It also illustrates that the permanent posts were a more secure source of income than casual hire. In this context, casual hire was paid higher daily wages, but its availability was limited; the permanent contract was poorly paid, but it guaranteed a secure livelihood across the year. This explains why, when job opportunities were relatively expanded in the casual sector during labour shortage, labourers would turn down permanent contracts for casual hire, in the hope for a better income. Following this context, we would expect to see that during our period, when depopulation was continued, the employer of permanent workers was forced to improve the job offer to match the potential income a labourer could earn in the casual sector. The trend in the value of the permanent labourer’s salary, therefore, should reflect the changes in the agricultural labourer’s income in general. An index of the permanent labourer’s salary will be presented to illustrate this rising trend.

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Kurzweil, Marianne [Verfasser]. "Interdependencies between Agricultural and Labour Markets / Marianne Kurzweil." Aachen : Shaker, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1161301208/34.

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Daba, Genet. "Rural labour force in Ethiopia." Thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/123101.

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This study is based on males and females aged 10+ in the 1981/82 Rural Labour Force Survey. It analyzes the results of the usual and current status approach which were used in the survey. The usual status approach showed higher participation rates than the current status approach for all age groups. Unemployment and underemployment in rural Ethiopia are also examined and it is found that underemployment as measured by hours worked is more prominent than open unemployment. One reason for low open unemployment is suspected to be the conventional definition of unemployment which in most cases does not represent the rural situation and secondly open unemployment appears to be truly rare in rural Ethiopia. The levels and patterns of male and female labour force participation are discussed. Males at all ages have higher participation rates than females. The gross years of active life of males is high compared to that of females. Male participation is low in the entry ages, rises to its maximum in the prime ages and again decrease in the retirement ages. Female labour force participation exhibits the central peak pattern. The relationship between some demographic and social variables and male and female participation are discussed. Marital status affects male labour force participation, with married men having higher rates while migration does not seem to affect male participation rates. Demographic variables such as migration, marital status, and relationship with head of household have significant effect on female participation rates.

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Roy, Sankar. "Land, Labour and Politics : a study of agricultural labourers in North Bengal." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/114.

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Roy, Tapan Kumar. "Determinants of employment, wages and income of agricultural labourers : a study of select villages in Uttar Dinajpur district of West Bengal." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1499.

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Petersen, Emelda. "A theoretical framework for the labour relations between the farmer and farm workers during industrial strike actions." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2671.

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Thesis (MTech (Public Management))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017.
The purpose of this study was to analyse the labour relations of the workers in the agricultural sector, with reference to the De Doors area in the Western Cape. Despite the political, social and economic changes to better the lives of the farm workers that have been implemented to rectify the inequalities of the past, the labour conditions on farms stayed unchanged. It is evident that there is a gap in the labour relations in the agricultural sector, due to the 2012/13 strike actions that took place. Qualitative research methodology was employed in the study; it provided the researcher with the opportunity to personally interact with the farm workers. It further allowed the researcher to gain a holistic understanding of the daily lives of the farm workers which would foster a better understanding of their daily struggles. Interviews were used as method of data collection. This methodology also enables the researcher to interpret and describe the actions of participants. Good labour relations play a vital role in any industry or organisation. Farm workers are generally classified as vulnerable and the most exploited group of the South African society. They often work irregular hours throughout the year in various weather settings. Regardless of the physical strain that their jobs entail, farm workers earn a low wage and are often deprived of the basic benefits that an employee should be entitled to. This was the reason the farm workers embarked on a strike in 2012/13. The researcher proposed recommendations to the Agricultural department on how to improve the labour relations on the farms in the De Doorns area by suggesting that more labour inspectors are being employed to oversee that legislation are implemented. Skills Development needs to be become compulsory for all farm workers as farming is becoming more technological. Skills Development unlocks talents and creative energy for the farm workers which have a positive impact on production.

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Tocco, Barbara. "Agricultural employment and inter-sectoral labour mobility in selected EU Member States." Thesis, University of Kent, 2016. https://kar.kent.ac.uk/56649/.

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In the last century, and especially with the development of European market integration, economies in Europe experienced a deep restructuring of their agricultural sector. The structural shift away from the primary sector activities, with the reallocation of labour across sectors, is an important engine of economic development. Nonetheless, the patterns and drivers of structural change in the New Member States (NMS) have differed in nature, speed and intensity from those of the EU-15. More importantly, the high incidence of farm employment and family workers in some of the NMS, despite low levels of agricultural training and labour productivity, suggests that farming, particularly in the least developed regions, might be the only viable solution for obtaining a minimum standard of living, especially for those who lack the human capital for 'better' employment opportunities. Against this background, the aim of this research is to investigate the driving forces behind agricultural labour adjustments and, thus, shed light on the facilitators of, and barriers to, labour mobility. The analysis focuses on the linkages between farm and non-farm sectors and explores the determinants of agricultural employment and inter-sectoral labour mobility in six selected Member States (MS): France, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Romania and Slovakia. Using national and European micro-level data from labour force and agricultural business surveys, the econometric analysis employs various discrete choice modelling techniques on cross-section and panel data. The key message from this research is that skills mismatch, due to inadequate levels of education and vocational training, and labour market characteristics appear to be the most important impediments to the inter-sectoral and spatial mobility of labour. The mixed evidence in the results across MS reflects the heterogeneous organisational and production structures, implying different constraints or prospects for farm survival and hence different capacities to release and absorb labour. Hence, in order to ensure an efficient allocation of labour and a smooth transition across sectors, investments in human capital and the diversification of rural areas constitute crucial rural development policies. Nonetheless, a one-size-fits-all policy is not appropriate for the wide diversity of rural areas and labour markets across MS. Instead, more targeted and diverse measures should be implemented in order to meet particular needs.

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Goodman, Bruce (Bruce Edward) Carleton University Dissertation Geography. "Gardening Guatemala: the influence of export vegetables on land and labour relations in the Mayan highlands." Ottawa, 1992.

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Masindi, Mphedziseni Moses. "The impact of child labour in agricultural sectors in the Vhembe Region : issues and challenges." Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1409.

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Thesis (LLM. (Labour Law)) --University of Limpopo, 2015
This mini-dissertation deals with the impact of child labour in the Vhembe Region. Africa reportedly has the highest incidence of child labour in the world. Vhembe as a region and South Africa as a whole has the problem of child labour which is influenced by poverty. To respond to this problem, some scholars recommend an outright ban on child labour through legislation. Child labour refers to dangerous and exploitative work which is carried out at too early an age, involves long working hours, carried out in inadequate conditions, not sufficiently paid, involves excessive responsibility, and undermines the child’s dignity and self-esteem. The mini-dissertation has clearly defined the child labour and discusses the legislative framework, international law framework and the challenges of child labour in the Vhembe Region.

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Books on the topic "Agricultural labour"

1

Tripathy, S. N. Agricultural labour in India. New Delhi: Discovery Pub. House, 1996.

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Ahlawat, S. R. Green revolution and agricultural labour. New Delhi: Deep & Deep Publications, 1988.

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Heidrich, Peter. Agricultural labour in Indian society. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, 1988.

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Heidrich, Petra. Agricultural labour in Indian society. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, 1988.

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Swindell, Kenneth. Farm labour. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985.

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Agriculture, Manitoba Manitoba. Labour management for farm employers. Winnipeg, Man: Manitoba Agriculture, 1990.

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O'Fee, J. H. The input of labour on farms in Northern Ireland. Belfast: Economics and Statistics Division, Department of Agriculture, 1986.

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O'Fee, J. H. The input of labour on farms in Northern Ireland. Belfast: Economics and Statistics Division, Dept. of Agriculture, 1986.

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Raj, Bhansali Sanwat, University of Jodhpur. Faculty of Law., and All India Seminar on "The Law Relating to Agricultural Labour" (1987 : Jodhpur, India), eds. Law, social justice, and agricultural labour. Jodhpur, India: Faculty of Law, University of Jodhpur, 1989.

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Duck, Stephen. The thresher's labour. Los Angeles: William Andrews Clark Memorial Library, University of California, 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "Agricultural labour"

1

Morgan, W. B., and R. J. C. Munton. "Land, labour and capital." In Agricultural Geography, 46–60. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003384069-6.

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Hastie, Bethany. "Agricultural workers." In Global Labour and the Migrant Premium, 86–93. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2019. | Series: Routledge studies in liberty and security: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429467387-11.

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Li, Bozhong. "Labour, Land and Climate." In Agricultural Development in Jiangnan, 1620–1850, 19–38. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-11185-5_2.

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Li, Bozhong. "The Rise in Labour Productivity." In Agricultural Development in Jiangnan, 1620–1850, 133–55. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-11185-5_8.

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Bunderson, W. Trent, Christian L. Thierfelder, Zwide D. Jere, and R. G. K. Museka. "Assessing the application and practice of conservation agriculture in Malawi." In Conservation agriculture in Africa: climate smart agricultural development, 151–75. Wallingford: CABI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245745.0008.

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Abstract The Conservation Agriculture (CA) system promoted by Total LandCare (TLC) and the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) is based on 14 years of experience grounded on the principles of minimum soil disturbance, good soil cover and crop associations. The platform to promote CA in Malawi was to build a strong base of knowledge about best practices through an innovative non-linear research-extension approach. Long-term on-farm trials were conducted in multiple sites across Malawi to compare yields and labour inputs of CA with conventional ridge tillage on the same footing. Results showed the superiority of CA in terms of maize and legume yields with significant savings in labour and resilience to climate change. The results provided the basis to upscale CA although adoption was lower than expected. Key challenges included: (i) lack of exposure and training; (ii) conflicting extension messages; (iii) misconceptions about inputs and tools for CA; (iv) resistance to change unless CA is clearly seen to be a better practice; (v) fears about controlling weeds, pests and diseases under CA; and (vi) perceptions that increased termites and earthworms are harmful to soils and crops.

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Rye, Johan Fredrik, and Sam Scott. "Agricultural employers’ representation and rationalisation of their work offer." In International Labour Migration to Europe’s Rural Regions, 141–58. First Edition. | New York: Routledge, 2020. | Series: Routledge advances in sociology: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003022367-11.

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Hoda, Anwarul, Ashok Gulati, Shyma Jose, and Pallavi Rajkhowa. "Sources and Drivers of Agricultural Growth in Bihar." In India Studies in Business and Economics, 211–46. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9335-2_8.

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Hulela, Keba, Joseph Mukuni, Might Kojo Abreh, Joseph Amooti Kasozi, and David Kraybill. "Transformative curricula and teaching practices to meet labour market needs in tertiary agricultural education in Africa." In Transforming tertiary agricultural education in Africa, 126–34. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789246544.0007.

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Abstract This chapter describes and analyzes labour market conditions and policy, as well as programme options for improving the economic and social relevance of agricultural training in African higher education institutions. The intended audience is teachers and administrators of tertiary agricultural education (TAE) who have little or no training in curriculum development or pedagogy. The aim is to present practical steps for reforming curricula and pedagogical approaches to enable TAE institutions to meet the needs of communities more effectively and to address the demands of dynamic labour, information and technology markets. The discussion also describes how tertiary education teachers and administrators can develop the vision, methods and institutional culture required to prepare students for employability and life-long learning.

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Tizikara, Clesensio, Paul Nampala, David Nielson, Nienke Beintema, Patrick Okori, and John Lynam. "Transformative research and innovation capacity in tertiary agricultural education in Africa." In Transforming tertiary agricultural education in Africa, 135–55. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789246544.0008.

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Abstract This chapter first outlines the rationale for and necessary components of strategies to transform agricultural research capacity in African countries. Thereafter, the discussion focuses on strategic approaches to the transformation of research and innovation capacity in tertiary agricultural education (TAE) through the development of graduate (i.e. master's and doctoral) programmes. Such developments form a strong argument for increasing universities' role in national agricultural innovation systems. The final section explores an effective division of labour between TAE institutions and national agricultural research institutes in the production of new technical advances driving agricultural development.

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"Agricultural Labour." In The Ashgate Research Companion to Imperial Germany, 317–30. Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315613048-24.

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Conference papers on the topic "Agricultural labour"

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Ancans, Sandris. "Trends in agricultural labour productivity in the EU." In 24th International Scientific Conference. “Economic Science for Rural Development 2023”. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2023.57.012.

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Labour productivity represents production efficiency and is the key factor in income and consequently the standard of living. Incomes are lower in rural areas than in urban areas in any country. Labour productivity in the agricultural industry varies significantly, i.e. tenfold, across EU Member States, with the lowest labour productivity being reported mostly in East European Member States, which makes it necessary to achieve higher productivity in these Member States. The present research aims to examine trends in agricultural labour productivity in EU Member States. The research found that the fastest increase in agricultural labour productivity occurred in East European Member States, while a mixed situation was observed in West European Member States, i.e. in some Member States the productivity increased at a lower rate or even decreased. An analysis of correlation between agricultural labour productivity and the number and average size of agricultural holdings revealed that the situation was mixed across the Member States, with some of them showing a positive trend, whereas some had a negative trend. The Member States with the lowest agricultural labour productivity need to foster increases in it through encouraging their farmers to own/manage larger areas and take advantage of economies of scale.

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Perevozova, Iryna, Oleh Dzoba, Zoriana Krykhovetska, and Nadiia Daliak. "Labour motivation of financial inspectors of agricultural enterprises." In Proceedings of the 2019 7th International Conference on Modeling, Development and Strategic Management of Economic System (MDSMES 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/mdsmes-19.2019.21.

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Forgacs, Csaba. "In what direction is agricultural specialization headed in Central and Eastern Europe? (2005-2016)." In 21st International Scientific Conference "Economic Science for Rural Development 2020". Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2020.53.005.

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The paper deals with the main directions of specialization in Central and Eastern European Countries’ (CEECs, EU10) agriculture after the EU’s Eastward Enlargement. We analyse and compare growth and productivity advantages of specialized farm types by physical size (in hectare) in EU10 member-states to the EU10/27/15 average based on EUROSTAT data in the period of 2005-2016. We focus on exploring the main directions of specialization using such indicators as the number of specialized farms, land (Utilized Agricultural Area, UAA) and labour (Agricultural Working Unit, AWU) use on the input side, average farm size by land and labour use as well as area-, labour-, and total productivity on the output side. We conclude that the directions of specialization in farming in EU10 were based on the traditional farm production structure making the latter better able to adjust and take advantages of Common Agricultural Policy. Concerning production growth rate, the three leading specialization types of CEECs’ farms were: (i) cattle rearing and fattening, (ii) cereals, oilseed and protein crops and (iii) fruits and citrus fruits. These three specialization types of farms – in the same ranking order - also increased land (UAA) and labour (AWU) use well above the average. Specialized cereals farms and cattle rearing and fattening farms were also ranked in top three by number. Both cereals and fruits specialized farms have leading position in growth rate of land and labour use and also are in top three in growth rate of land area and total farm productivity. Cereals and fruits specialized farms also more than doubled labour productivity during the first decade after the EU’s Eastward enlargement but did not rank in the top three in this category.

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DUDEK, Michał, and Bożena KARWAT-WOŹNIAK. "BARRIERS AND CHALLENGES IN INCREASING RURAL EMPLOYMENT: LABOUR RESOURCES AND SELECTED POLICY INSTRUMENTS. THE CASE OF EU COHESION POLICY AND COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY INTERVENTIONS IN POLAND." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.155.

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An important feature of many rural markets is the over-supply of labour. An insufficient number of jobs in rural areas is usually associated with the shortage of capital, companies, consumers and skilled workers, i.e. limited impact of the agglomeration effect. Additionally, in regions with structural changes in agriculture, the phenomenon of increased or hidden unemployment is visible. One of the important objectives of labour market policy in Poland was a promotion of employment, especially in peripheral, poor and agricultural territories. Along with the accession of Poland to the EU, both agricultural and cohesion policy instruments supported by the structural funds have also been aimed at resolving the problems of rural labour markets. They concerned mainly the diversification of agricultural activities, support of entrepreneurship, as well as development of knowledge and skills. The paper considers the barriers and challenges in increasing employment in rural Poland. In particular, the changes on local rural labour markets and the influence of relevant policy tools thereon have been studied. The study is based on the quantitative and qualitative analysis of the public statistics and information on the implementation of selected EU CAP and Cohesion Policy instruments in Poland from the period 2007-2014 and the literature of the subject. The study showed that, despite the favourable economic situation and the effects of projects aimed at creating and maintaining non-agricultural jobs in rural areas supported by the EU founds, the rural employment rate and the number of people employed in agriculture did not increase significantly. In this context, the paper provides the explanation of limited improvements in terms of rural employment and policy offers recommendations in this area.

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Krivosheev, Oleg I. "Labour Excess and Social-Economic Inequality Phenomena in Agricultural Economics." In 2022 4th International Conference on Control Systems, Mathematical Modeling, Automation and Energy Efficiency (SUMMA). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/summa57301.2022.9974121.

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Egorov, Vladimir, and Andrey Inshakov. "Factors of Agricultural Cooperation Development." In IX International Scientific and Practical Conference “Current Problems of Social and Labour Relations" (ISPC-CPSLR 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.220208.030.

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Ursu, Ana. "Comparative study on the trend of evolution of labour resources in agriculture in Romania and the Republic of Moldova." In International Scientific-Practical Conference "Economic growth in the conditions of globalization". National Institute for Economic Research, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36004/nier.cecg.ii.2023.17.12.

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In the current context of global demographic developments, there are concerns about the growth of the world's population relative to available resources, as well as concerns about climate change on a national and global scale and poverty as a factor holding back a nation's economic prosperity. The study aims to present a multitude of statistical indicators of human development and labour resources in agriculture in order to facilitate both the analysis of the current situation and the shaping of appropriate trends in agricultural labour resources. Statistical data as well as specific documentary sources are used for the study and the methodological approach will be from demographic, economic, social, technological and environmental perspectives. The major findings showed that labour resources in agriculture of the two countries are facing similar major challenges, and their increasing or decreasing trends are influenced by the same determinants.

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Dashieva, Bayarma, and Anna Ukolova. "Analysis of the Influence of Agricultural Climatic Conditions on the Allocation of Labor Resources in Agriculture." In VIII International Scientific and Practical Conference 'Current problems of social and labour relations' (ISPC-CPSLR 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210322.105.

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Poosappan, Sundharesalingam, Vidhya Priya Palanisamy, Mohanasundari Marimuthu, and Dhilip Kumar Madheswaran. "A study on farmers agricultural labour management problems during pre-pandemic time." In 24TH TOPICAL CONFERENCE ON RADIO-FREQUENCY POWER IN PLASMAS. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0164338.

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NOWAK, Anna, Agnieszka KAMIŃSKA, and Artur KRUKOWSKI. "REGIONAL DIFFERENTIATION OF PRODUCTIVE POTENTIAL OF AGRICULTURE AND THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ITS USE IN POLAND." In Rural Development 2015. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2015.082.

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The aim of this study was the identification of spatial differentiation of agricultural productive potential and the assessment of effectiveness of its use in Poland. According to the EUROSTAT data in 2011 Polish agriculture comprised 8.35 % of agricultural area of the European Union and 20 % of the labour force of the EU agricultural sector. At the same time Poland’s share in the EU agricultural production was only 5.79 %. In order to evaluate the differentiation level of agricultural productive potential as well as the effectiveness of its use a synthetic measurement was employed that used the TOPSIS method. The research was based on the statistical data obtained form the Main Statistical Office for the year 2011. Based on the synthetic measure 4 typological groups of regions were singled out due to their productive potential. The measure used ranged from 0.27 to 0.63 and for the majority of voivodships it did not exceed the average value for Poland. The research shows that Poland is also a country that is extremely diverse as regards the effectiveness of use of production capacity of agriculture. The synthetic measures showed here a strong differentiation ranging from 0 to 0.86. Moreover, the research findings indicate that the effectiveness of productive potential in agriculture in the highest in the regions characterised by a high socioeconomic development.

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Reports on the topic "Agricultural labour"

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Vos, Rob, and Hiroyuki Takeshima. Agricultural mechanisation and child labour in developing countries. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.134916.

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Cannon, Mariah, and Pauline Oosterhoff. Bonded: Life Stories from Agricultural Communities in South-Eastern Nepal. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/clarissa.2021.003.

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In the Terai region of South-Eastern Nepal, there persists a form of agricultural bonded labour called Harwa-Charwa, rooted in agricultural feudal social relations. The Terai has a long and dynamic political history with limited employment opportunities and high levels of migration. This paper is an external qualitative analysis of over 150 life stories from individuals living in an area with high levels of bonded labour. These stories were previously analysed during a workshop through a collective participatory analysis. Both the participatory analysis and external analysis found similar mechanisms that trap people in poverty and bonded labour. The disaggregation by age in the external analysis could explain why child marriage and child labour were very important in the collective analysis but did not match the results of a baseline survey in the same geographical area that found only a few cases. The respondents were aged between 15 and 65. Child marriage and child labour had shaped the lives of the adults but have since decreased. Methodologically, the different ways of analysis diverge in their ability to differentiate timelines. The participatory analysis gives historical insights on pathways into child labour, but although some of the social norms persist this situation has changed.

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Lambon-Quayefio, Monica P. The Challenges of Child Labour Research: Data Challenges and Opportunities. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/acha.2021.006.

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his Rapid Review is an attempt to instigate a broader discussion on child labour by considering the various dimensions and angles associated with the phenomenon beyond the straitjacket definitions provided in most reports. Its objectives are threefold. First, it aims to determine whether re-analysis of existing data sets is likely to yield new insights into the forms, prevalence and drivers of children’s work in agriculture in Ghana. Second, it aims to provide specific guidance on how these re-analyses might be undertaken and framed. And third, it aims to determine whether any of the available data sets might be used to map the number or density of children to the main agro-ecological zones or agricultural systems. In doing this, the review describes the nature of child work in the agricultural sector, highlighting areas that have often been ignored in the literature. The conclusion offers suggestions for future research on child labour based on our renewed understanding of the broad concept of child work.

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Loukos, Panos, and Leslie Arathoon. Landscaping the Agritech Ecosystem for Smallholder Farmers in Latin America and the Caribbean. Edited by Alejandro Escobar and Sergio Navajas. Inter-American Development Bank, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003027.

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Agriculture is an important source of employment in Latin America and the Caribbean. In rural areas, some 54.6 per cent of the labour force is engaged in agricultural production. Although much of the region shares the same language and cultural heritage, the structure and scale of the agriculture sector varies significantly from country to country. Based on the review of 131 digital agriculture tools, this report, prepared by GSMA and IDB Lab, provides a market mapping and landscape analysis of the most prominent cases of digital disruption. It highlights some of the major trends observed in five digital agriculture use cases, identifies opportunities for digital interventions and concludes with recommendations for future engagement that could deliver long-term, sustainable economic and social benefits for smallholder farmers.

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Amanor, Kojo, Joseph Yaro, and Joseph Teye. Long-Term Patterns of Change in the Commercialisation of Cocoa in Ghana: Forest Frontiers and Technological Transformation. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2021.045.

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The commercialisation of cocoa production in Ghana has a long history dating back to the nineteenth century. The process of commercial development in cocoa is well documented and provides an alternative mode to contemporary models of commercialisation rooted in the adoption of modern technology and integration of farmers into markets. This working paper critically analyses frameworks for agricultural commercialisation in cocoa through intensification based on the uptake of synthetic inputs and hybrid seeds, by placing agricultural development within a broader framework of the historical development of the frontier in Ghana, and the related problems of ecological and economic crises. The study examines access to land, labour and technology, and how the complex interactions of scarcity of access to physical resources and labour influence farmers’ farming strategies and adoption of technology.

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Oeur, Il, Sochanny Hak, Soeun Cham, Damnang Nil, and Marina Apgar. Exploring the Nexus of Covid-19, Precarious Migration and Child Labour on the Cambodian-Thai Border. Institute of Development Studies, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2022.035.

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This report shares findings from qualitative research on the impacts of Covid-19 on Cambodian migrant workers in four sites along the Cambodia-Thai border. Government restrictions in Thailand and the border closure in February 2020 led to job losses and reduced working hours, and ultimately to an increase in the rate of return migration. Return migrants were forced to use informal points of entry with the facilitation of informal brokers, facing increased costs and risks and, in the process, becoming undocumented. This report shows an unequal access to health services between documented and undocumented migrants. Even in the context of Covid-19, some migrants continue to travel with young children who support the family, mostly through light agricultural work. URI

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Ravindranath, Divya, Antara Rai Chowdhury, Aditi Surie, and Gautam Bhan. Effects of Social Protection for Women in Informal Work on Maternal and Child Health Outcomes: A Systematic Literature Review. Indian Institute for Human Settlements, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24943/espwiwmcho01.2021.

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The International Labour Organization estimates that, globally, approximately two billion people are employed in the informal economy. Of this, 740 million are female workers [1]. In Asia and Africa, a large proportion of non-agricultural female workforce is employed in the informal economy in urban areas. Women workers are concentrated in sectors such as domestic work, street vending, waste picking and home-based work [2,3].

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Assaye, Abebaw, and Dawit Alemu. Impact of COVID-19 on Food Systems and Rural Livelihoods in Fogera Plain, Ethiopia - Round 2 Report . Institute of Development Studies (IDS), December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2020.021.

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This report presents an assessment of the changes in effects of COVID-19 on agricultural commercialisation, food and nutrition security, labour and employment, and poverty and well-being in rural Ethiopia by comparing the results of a baseline household survey (R1) in late June 2020 with a follow-up survey (R2) in late October 2020. Data was collected from a stratified random sample of 106 smallholder rice farmer households (24 female and 82 male-headed) in five kebeles (villages) in the Fogera Plain area of Amhara Region. Data was also collected through 25 key informant interviews conducted in the kebeles.

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Aromolaran, Adebayo, and Milu Muyanga. Impact of COVID-19 on Food Systems and Rural Livelihoods in Nigeria – Round 2 Report. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2020.019.

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This study provides insights from a second survey assessing COVID-19 impacts on agricultural commercialisation, food and nutrition security, labour and employment, and well-being in rural Nigeria. Data for round 2 (R2) were collected between September and October 2020, from 109 households that were interviewed in mid-July (R1). Households were drawn from a stratified random sample from three Local Government Areas in Ogun State and two in Kaduna State. This survey data is complemented by insights from seven in-depth key informant interviews. This analysis compares COVID-19 effects in the second quarter and the third quarter of 2020, which corresponds to the first and second 3-month periods after Nigeria’s countrywide lockdown was put in place.

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Zharare, Sydney, and Nestor Mashingaidze. Impact of COVID-19 on agribusinesses for investors. Commercial Agriculture for Smallholders and Agribusiness (CASA), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/20240191154.

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Evidence from this assessment indicates that, without deliberate support from impact investors, banks and development finance institutions (DFIs), large numbers of agricultural small and medium enterprises (agri-SMEs) will not be able to continue operations following the lockdowns imposed in response to Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). The COVID-19 pandemic has had significant negative effects on the operations of agri-SMEs. It has made capital less available, as impact investors and financial institutions take a more cautious approach to extending credit and making investment decisions. Supply chains have been disrupted, resulting in delayed access to inputs (such as seed and fertiliser for smallholder farmers) and in fewer or no deliveries for agri-SMEs. The closure of restaurants and schools has decreased consumer demand. Some agri-SMEs have experienced labour shortages due to restrictions in the movement of people, although some have benefited from family labour as people moved back to their rural homes. The disruptions have created uncertainty for impact investors and financial institutions, which have been compounded by their inability to conduct in-person due diligence assessments for new investments. This evidence report seeks to assess the impact of COVID-19 on agri-SME operations by analysing emerging global evidence and insights from six countries. These are Commercial Agriculture for Smallholders and Agribusiness (CASA)'s three focus countries (Malawi, Nepal and Uganda), as well as Ethiopia, Ghana and Nigeria, which (along with Malawi) formed part of a rapid market assessment (RMA) between April and May 2020. This was carried out by Agricultural Policy Research in Africa (APRA), a research programme funded by the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO). APRA seeks to understand which pathways to agricultural commercialisation are the most effective at empowering women, reducing rural poverty and improving food and nutrition security in Sub-Saharan Africa. The report uses a market system lens to analyse impacts and craft recommendations for intervention, as agri-SMEs are linked to other value chain actors - such as farmers, impact investors and regulatory authorities - that govern the functioning of the system. The report focuses on the effects of COVID-19 on impact investment and especially on agribusiness impact investors, given their key role in supporting the growth of these enterprises. While the profit motive is paramount for impact investors, the current consolidation and recovery phase calls for investors to take a longer view on returns: they should shore up their investees and build a robust pipeline for after the recovery. A business-as-usual approach to activities such as due diligence will not work given current travel restrictions. Digital and drone technologies, however, offer alternatives and could be ramped up to close the face-to-face gap created by the pandemic.

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