Academic literature on the topic 'Agricultural implements'

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Journal articles on the topic "Agricultural implements"

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von Falkenhausen, Lothar. "Metal Agricultural Implements in Early China." West 86th: A Journal of Decorative Arts, Design History, and Material Culture 28, no. 2 (September 1, 2021): 344–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/721219.

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Silva, Bruna Antunes da, and César Augustus Winck. "EVOLUÇÃO DA QUANTIDADE DE MÁQUINAS E IMPLEMENTOS AGRÍCOLAS NAS PROPRIEDADES RURAIS BRASILEIRAS (1960-2017)." Revista Visão: Gestão Organizacional 8, no. 1 (June 26, 2019): 174–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.33362/visao.v8i1.1934.

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O setor agropecuário brasileiro é destaque no cenário econômico mundial. A modernização do agronegócio é peça chave no crescimento da produção agrícola. Nos últimos anos a indústria de máquinas e implementos agrícolas brasileira vem investindo em tecnologias para atender a demanda dos produtores rurais e as peculiaridades de cada região do país. A metodologia utilizada neste estudo foi a associação entre revisão sistemática, análise documental e dados secundários do setor de máquinas e implementos. O objetivo foi elaborar um levantamento da quantidade de maquinário nas propriedades rurais brasileiras, mostrando a sua evolução através dos anos. Pode-se observar uma relação entre a expansão da área plantada e o número de máquinas agrícolas. O índice de mecanização mostra que houve um aumento do número de tratores por hectares de área cultivada de lavoura. Há também uma ligação entre o crédito rural disponibilizado e a aquisição de novas máquinas e implementos.Palavras-Chave: Agricultura. Máquinas agrícolas. Tecnologias. Agronegócio. EVOLUTION OF THE NUMBER OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY AND IMPLEMENTS IN BRAZILIAN RURAL PROPERTIESAbstract: The Brazilian agricultural sector is a highlight in the world economic scenario. The modernization of agribusiness is a key factor in the growth of agricultural production. In recent years, the Brazilian agricultural machinery and implements industry has been investing in technologies to meet the demand of rural producers and as peculiarities of each region of the country. The methodology used in this study was the association between systematic review, documentary analysis and secondary data of machines and implements. The objective of this study was to elaborate a survey about the number of machineries in Brazilian rural properties, showing their evolution over the years. There is a relation that can be observed between an expansion of the planted area and the number of agricultural machines. The mechanization index shows that there was an increase in the number of tractors per hectare of crop area. There is also a connection between the rural credit available and purchase of new machines and implements.Keywords: Agriculture. Agricultural machinery. Technology. Agribusiness.
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Varani, Massimiliano, Michele Mattetti, and Giovanni Molari. "Performance Evaluation of Electrically Driven Agricultural Implements Powered by an External Generator." Agronomy 11, no. 8 (July 21, 2021): 1447. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11081447.

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In the last decade, many studies have been conducted on tractor and agricultural machinery electrification. In particular, the electrification of power take-off (PTO)-powered implements could support many benefits, such as improved comfort and safety during implement connection, less noisiness, accurate control of the implement rotational speed, and fuel consumption reduction. However, commercially available tractors do not generate sufficient electric power to run electrified implements. A solution to this issue is powering eventual electrified implements with an external electric generator powered by the PTO and mounted with the front three-point linkage. This study aimed to evaluate the potential benefits of using this combination with respect to PTO powered implements. The types of implements analyzed in detail in this study were a sprayer and a mulcher. Field tests were performed acquiring performance, operational, and environmental parameters. Results show that on the electrified implements, the absence of the cardan shaft and hydraulic remotes shortened the time required for the hitching phase and reduced the in-work noisiness. Field tests demonstrated that the electrified implements permitted an improvement of the fuel consumption per hectare, up to 33.3% and 29.8% lower than their PTO-powered homologue for the sprayer and the mulcher, respectively.
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Lee, Hui-kyung. "Baekje state formation and Iron agricultural implements." Korean Ancient Historical Society 99 (January 31, 2018): 101–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.18040/sgs.2018.99.101.

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Patel, R., and D. Mohan. "Epidemiological studies and design of agricultural implements." Journal of Occupational Accidents 12, no. 1-3 (June 1990): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0376-6349(90)90092-a.

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Stanhope, Trevor P., and Viacheslav I. Adamchuk. "Feature-based visual tracking for agricultural implements." IFAC-PapersOnLine 49, no. 16 (2016): 359–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2016.10.066.

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Volgina, Nataliia D. "Agricultural implements of medieval Novgorod: systematization, chronology." Povolzhskaya Arkheologiya (The Volga River Region Archaeology) 2, no. 48 (June 28, 2024): 43–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.24852/pa2024.2.48.43.60.

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Over a long period of archaeological study of Novgorod, a rich collection of medieval antiquities was accumulated, which reflects all areas of activity of its inhabitants in the Middle Ages. In particular, household items are widely represented, among which a small group of agricultural implements stands out, which makes it possible to trace the history of the development of agricultural technology for the territory of Novgorod. The article provides a detailed description of the collection of agricultural implements, and the necessary research has been carried out to systematize them based on classifications developed by domestic archaeologists. The chronological framework of the work covers the period from the mid-10th to the 15th centuries, which is due to the peculiarities of the preservation of the cultural layer on the territory of Novgorod. Written, visual and ethnographic materials were also analyzed as part of this study.
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Myalenko, V. I., and N. A. Marinov. "Spatial dynamometering of working tools of agricultural implements." Agricultural machinery and technologies, no. 5 (October 20, 2017): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.22314/2073-7599-2017-5-22-26.

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Sarkar, Pranay. "Active-passive and passive-passive configurations of combined tillage implements for improved tillage and tractive performance: A review." Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 19, no. 4 (December 2021): e02R01-e02R01. http://dx.doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2021194-18387.

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Proper selection of energy-efficient agricultural machinery helps to reduce drudgery, increase cropping intensity and reduce time required for field preparation. With conventional tillage implements, multiple passes are required to obtain desired seedbed which increase soil compaction due to repeated movement of tractor in field. With combined tillage implements two or more tillage implements are combined to reduce time and fuel energy required for seedbed preparation. In this paper, various researches on active-passive and passive-passive configurations of combined tillage implements have been discussed along with their working principles. It was found that these were associated with less draft, specific energy, and tire slippage compared to conventional implements which provides a sound basis for using them with suitable engine power to improve the power utilization of tractors. Hence, use of these implements could help to reduce soil compaction, labour, fuel cost as well as save time in preparing seedbed. More analytical studies and classical approaches are needed to predict energy requirements of these implements from the knowledge of individual energy requirements of conventional implements to help in proper matching of tractor-implement and also to develop decision support systems. Considering their promising outcomes, they will emerge as effective tools to improve agricultural mechanization.
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Namdev, Sharad Kumar, Prashant Mario D’ Souza, Seen Cline Moses, and Rana Noor Aalam. "Estimation and Comparative Study of Operational Costs of Various Combined Tillage and Sowing Implements." International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 36, no. 5 (April 2, 2024): 553–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i54552.

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Agricultural Engineer’s and economists use a variety of engineering and economic principles for calculating a machinery costs. An effective farm manager must also know these principles, and apply them when deciding to buy, lease, rent or share machinery. Thus, estimating farm machineries operational costs becomes essential to farmers for sound investment analysis and useful in planning, controlling production on their farms. Therefore, study was conducted to estimate and compare operational cost of various combined tillage and sowing implement namely Rotary Plough with Seed cum Fertilizer Drill, Till Planter, Roto Till Drill and Strip Till Drill at Vaugh Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, (Uttar Pradesh) and period of study consumed about 2.5 years to complete the research activities. This present study concluded that operational cost of roto till drill and strip till drill was noted higher 796.57 Rs/hr and 791.66 Rs/hr, on the other side operational cost of rotary plough with seed drill and till planter was estimated lower 375.40 Rs/hr and 673.66 Rs/hr. The result also shows that operational cost of agricultural implements significantly depends on their initial cost. Therefore, roto till drill and strip till drill has higher operational cost because of their higher initial cost as compared to other combined tillage and sowing implements. Thus, implements subjected to higher initial cost tend to increase the operational cost.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Agricultural implements"

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Alam, Mohammed Monjurul. "Soil reaction forces on agricultural disc implements." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/996.

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Theoretical models for the prediction of the performance of wide cutting blades have been in existence for some time. These models characterise the soil as a rigid-plastic Mohr-Coulomb material and depend on advanced mathematical techniques developed for the solution of the complex equations of equilibrium of soil elements in two-dimensional plane-strain failure. Less rigorous techniques have been employed for developing mathematical models for the behaviour of deep narrow tines. In both cases the soil-implement contact boundary is assumed to be a plane surface of simple geometrical shape. The extension of these methods to deal with three-dimensional failure generated by curved loading boundaries is of comparatively recent origin. The soil failure patterns associated with disc soil cutting implements fall into this category. The thesis describes the development of a mathematical model for predicting the performance of such implements. The method employed follows the technique used by Godwin et al for reducing three-dimensional failure into two-dimensional components. The present analysis caters for discs implements having both inclination and disc angles. Soil contact in such implements takes place on complex curved surfaces and the geometry of these were analysed. These surfaces were approximated by plane elements which were then assumed to generate two-dimensional failure in planes parallel to the direction of translation of the disc. The rupture geometry and the forces acting on these elements are then computed using the Newcastle adaptation of Sokolovski's rigorous solution to soil failure. The force acting on the soil contact surface is then obtained by a version of the method of slices used for analysing slip surfaces. The model developed can predict the quasi-static soil reactions on disc implements from a knowledge of the disc geometry, soil properites and depth of cut. The computer programme was used to investigate the sensitivity of the input parameters to the final predicted results and this information was used to develop a set of non-dimensional force coefficients which can be used in a simple additive algebraic equation to predict the three orthogonal force components acting on the disc. Empirical correction factors have been devised to cater for deviations between these and computed valus and prediction to within 5 percent of the computer prediction are possible by this relatively simple method. In order to check the performance of this theoretical model a special dynamometer rig was designed and built to assess all three orthogonal force components acting on a disc tool. A single plough disc was tested in a loam soil and the computer prediction was in good agrement with experimental values. The model was also used to check other published experimental results and once again the prediction was good.
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Fielke, John Milton. "Interactions of the cutting edge of tillage implements with soil." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 1994. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phf463.pdf.

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Haresign, Stephen. "The development of a procedure to evaluate the wear rate of soil engaging equipment." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269473.

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Jones, Brenda M., and n/a. "Digging up data: a reanalysis of so called �horticultural� tools." University of Otago. Department of Anthropology, 1999. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070523.153015.

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Elsdon Best�s 1925 work Maori Agriculture has been influential in New Zealand archaeology impacting on the terminology and assumed functions applied to so called �horticultural� implements retrieved in excavations, as well as those in museums and private collections. This thesis critically examines Best�s horticultural tool classification and the decisions he made with regards to tool function. Ethnographic accounts are investigated in an effort to understand how and why Best selected the terms and functions that he did. The literature review reveals anomalies in the conclusions that Best drew and the morphology of the tools that he described, highlighting the lack of order and confusion surrounding horticultural tool function, terminology and morphology, and prompting a much needed reassessment of horticultural implements. A study of artefacts from New Zealand museums was undertaken with the aim of generating two typologies for so called �horticultural� tools. The artefacts are classified to specific types using specified attributes, and following the classification process, are investigated for metric and non-metric variables that are indicative of the tool�s function. Graphical and basic statistical analyses revealed largely unimodal distributions for the metric attributes recorded for each tool type. Non-metric qualities also displayed a uniformity to their occurrence within the individual types. The data for each type is discussed with regards to tool function, combining the results of the attribute analyses with comparable tool morphologies from other Pacific cultures. The distribution of tool types in prehistoric New Zealand is also investigated in an effort to elucidate tool function. This investigation highlights the artefacts as earth-working implements, disestablishing the restricted horticultural context which for so long has been associated with such tools.
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Donglei, Y. "Analysis of dynamic loading on cultivation implements." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376227.

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Mello, Claudia Assad. "Projeto, implementação e capacitação tecnica para a fabricação de multi-implementos de tração animal : uma validação no assentamento rural Pirituba II (Itapeva/SP)." [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/257043.

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Orientador: Antonio Jose da Silva Maciel
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Agricola
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Resumo: O presente trabalho teve como objetivo geral proporcionar o uso da tração animal, por meio de transferência tecnológica aos agricultores do Assentamento Rural Pirituba II, através de uma capacitação técnica para a fabricação de um Multi-Implemento buscando, desta forma, viabilizar neste assentamento a produção agrícola com a geração de trabalho e renda. Foram realizadas visitas à Cooperativa Regional e às propriedades, bem como reuniões com os agricultores. Procurou-se discutir com os mesmos, o sistema de tração animal e a implementação de uma fábrica para capacitação técnica. A construção deste trabalho foi baseada em alguns princípios da metodologia da pesquisa-ação, buscando a resolução de um problema coletivo com a participação dos agricultores. A metodologia para implementação do processo de fabricação dos multiimplementos de tração animal consistiu em proporcionar aos assentados um conjunto de materiais e recursos técnicos, incluindo equipamentos, materiais de construção, acessórios, gabaritos e um manual didático para a construção do multi-implemento, contendo todos os desenhos de construção. A capacitação técnica dos agricultores foi realizada no mês de agosto de 2007, com duração de 7 dias. Todas as etapas de fabricação do multi-implemento foram realizadas com êxito. Os agricultores fabricaram 3 multi-implementos de tração animal. Durante o curso de capacitação técnica, realizou-se uma avaliação de desempenho dos agricultores. Como resultado desta avaliação, obteve-se um desempenho excelente dos agricultores. Sendo assim, concluiu-se que os mesmos estão aptos a multiplicar esta tecnologia para este assentamento. Após a capacitação técnica, foram realizados testes de funcionabilidade com os multi-implementos. Verificou-se que a profundidade de trabalho do arado de aiveca e a do sulcador com extensão, estiveram muito próximas dos valores citados na literatura. Através da transferência tecnológica, foi proporcionado o uso da tração animal, pois após a capacitação técnica dos agricultores para a fabricação dos multi-implementos de tração animal, estes implementos estão sendo utilizados, neste assentamento, nas operações de preparo, plantio e cultivo
Abstract: The main objective of this work was to provide the use of the animal traction, by means of technological transference, to the agriculturists of the Assentamento Rural Pirituba II, through a qualification technique for the fabrication of a Multi-Implement, having the objective to make possible, in this settlement the agricultural production with the generation of jobs and income. Visits to the Regional Cooperative and the properties had been carried through, as well as meetings with the agriculturists. It was looked to argue with them the animal drawn system and the implementation of a workshop for the technique qualification technique. The construction of this work was based on some principles of the methodology of the research-action, having searched the resolution of a collective problem with the participation of the agriculturists. The methodology for implementation of the process of construction of the animal traction multi-implements consisted of providing to the agriculturists a set of materials and technician resources, including equipment, materials of construction, accessories, answer sheets and a didactic manual for the construction of multi-implement, possessing all the construction drawings. The technique qualification of the agriculturists was carried through in the month of August of 2007, with duration of 7 days. All the construction stages had been carried through with success. The agriculturists had constructed 3 animal drawn multi-implements. During the qualification course technique, an evaluation of the performance of the agriculturists was carried through. As result of this evaluation, an excellent performance of the agriculturists was gotten. Being thus, one concluded that the same ones are apt to multiply this technology for this settlement. After the technique qualification, tests of functionality had been carried through with the multi-implements. It was verified that depth of work of the moldboard plough and the furrow with extension had been very next to the values cited in literature. Through of technological transference, was provided the use of the animal traction, since after the technique qualification of the agriculturists for the construction of the animal traction multi-implements, these implements are using, in this settlement, in the operations of preparation, plantation and culture
Mestrado
Maquinas Agricolas
Mestre em Engenharia Agrícola
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Silva, Valéria Cristiane Oliveira. "Análise de casos de implementação de produção enxuta em empresas brasileiras de máquinas e implementos agrícolas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18140/tde-07062006-120148/.

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Atualmente as organizações buscam uma vantagem competitiva para atender melhor seus clientes, através da implementação de processos produtivos que possibilitem esta melhoria. Neste contexto, a produção enxuta vem ajudando as empresas brasileiras na busca deste diferencial através de melhoria de processos e produtos. Este trabalho visa mostrar como as empresas nacionais de máquinas e implementos agrícolas estão implementando este conceito, quais práticas estão sendo utilizadas e os resultados obtidos até o momento. Para isso foram pesquisados nove casos de aplicação em empresas do setor, oito no Estado de São Paulo e uma no Estado do Paraná. Foram feitas entrevistas estruturadas através do uso de um questionário projetado para este fim. O trabalho também apresenta uma análise crítica das implementações e faz sugestões para estudos futuros, de modo a auxiliar o setor e fortalecer a disseminação do conceito de produção enxuta.
Organizations are looking nowadays for a competitive advantage to better assist their customers’ needs through the implantation of more efficient productive processes. In this context, lean production concepts are helping brazilian companies to discover the differential through the processes and products improvement. This work shows how the agricultural machines and implements companies are implementing this concept, which practices that are being used and the results obtained until the moment. For that, nine cases were researched, at eight companies in the State of São Paulo and one in the State of Paraná, through the use of an especially designed questionnaire. The work also presents a critical analysis of the implantation and makes suggestions for future studies, in way to aid the sector and to fortify the dissemination of the lean production concepts.
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Gartley, Evan Robert Bevly David M. "On-line estimation of implement dynamics for adaptive steering control of farm tractors." Auburn, Ala., 2005. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2005%20Fall/Thesis/GARTLEY_EVAN_39.pdf.

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Kayrouz, Benjamin Michael. "PRECISION AGRICULTURE: REALIZING INCREASED PROFIT AND REDUCED RISK THROUGH COST MAP AND LIGHTBAR ADOPTION." Lexington, Ky. : [University of Kentucky Libraries], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10225/875.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Kentucky, 2008.
Title from document title page (viewed on November 3, 2008). Document formatted into pages; contains: ix, 58 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 55-57).
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Lucente, Adriano dos Reis. "Dinâmica da inovação tecnológica no Brasil: estudo do segmento de máquinas e implementos agrícolas." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/3361.

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This study aimed to characterize the dynamics of technological innovation in Brazilian MIA segment. To achieve this objective this work realized a survey with IBGE information, the institution responsible for carrying out PINTECs occurred between 1998 and 2005, which allowed a quantitative analysis about technological innovations on MIA companies. In addition, a national scenario with a qualitative analysis was elaborated, based on surveys conducted by IBGE and on a field research in five MIA´s manufacturers companies of São Paulo state. Results indicate that technological changes have changed the way MIA companies treat the needs of their customers by improving the processes of development and manufacture of products. Moreover, it was found that the variables size and export orientation significantly influence the innovative activities. The influence of size company on innovative activity is justified by the fact that the larger companies find it easier to finance innovative projects and the returns of innovation are more expressive when the company has increased sales volume and the fixed costs are more easily absorbed. The export orientation also generates positive impacts on the ability to innovate, because the international competitiveness encourages investments in innovative activities. Exports, while facilitating the expansion of markets, contributing effectively to the reduction of fixed costs generated in the process of innovation.
Este trabalho teve o objetivo de caracterizar a dinâmica da inovação tecnológica do segmento de MIA no Brasil. Para isso foi realizado um levantamento de informações junto ao IBGE, instituição responsável pela realização das PINTECs ocorridas entre 1998 e 2005, que permitiram uma análise quantitativa acerca das inovações tecnológicas para empresas de MIA. Para complementar as informações quantitativas disponibilizadas pelo IBGE foi realizada uma pesquisa de campo em cinco empresas fabricantes de MIA localizadas no estado de São Paulo. Os resultados indicaram que as mudanças tecnológicas modificaram a forma como as empresas de MIA passaram a tratar as necessidades de seus clientes, melhorando os processos de desenvolvimento e fabricação de seus produtos. Além disso, verificou-se que as variáveis porte e orientação exportadora influenciam de forma significativa as atividades inovativas. A influência do porte da empresa sobre a atividade inovativa é justificada pelo fato que as firmas maiores têm mais facilidade para financiar projetos inovativos e os retornos das inovações são mais expressivos quando a empresa tem maior volume de vendas, uma vez que os custos fixos são mais facilmente absorvidos. A orientação exportadora também gera impactos positivos sobre a possibilidade de inovar, pois a competitividade internacional estimula os investimentos em atividades inovativas. As exportações, quando facilitam a ampliação dos mercados, contribuem efetivamente para a redução dos custos fixos gerados no processo de inovação.
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Books on the topic "Agricultural implements"

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Salim, Muhammad. Traditional agricultural implements of Bangladesh. Dhaka: Rubi Enterprise, 2012.

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Nartov, P. S. Disk soil-working implements. Rotterdam: A.A. Balkema, 1985.

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Peterson, Chester. Ford tractor implements. Osceola, WI: MBI Publishing, 1998.

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Nandan, Karmacharya Bhola, Abdullah Mohammad, Akhter Nasrin, and SAARC Agricultural Information Centre, eds. Improved equipment for the farm people of the SAARC region. Dhaka: SAARC Agricultural Information Centre, 1996.

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Co, Eagle Sulky Harrow, ed. One of the most useful agricultural implements. [Brantford, Ont.?: s.n., 1987.

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Tsude, Hiroshi. Nihon nōkō shakai no seiritsu katei. Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, 1989.

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Hrubovcak, James. Tax policy and agricultural investment. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, National Economics Division, 1985.

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Hrubovcak, James. Tax policy and agricultural investment. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, National Economics Division, 1985.

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Hrubovcak, James. Tax policy and agricultural investment. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, National Economics Division, 1985.

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Franzén, Carl. Jordbruket före traktorn: Arbetsgång, åkerberedning, skörd, djur och bisysslor samt fiske, båtar och annat i äldre jordbruk. Lärbro: Haimdagars förlag, 1999.

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Book chapters on the topic "Agricultural implements"

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Kuipers, H., and A. J. Koolen. "Interface between Implements, Tillage and Soil Structure." In Mechanics and Related Processes in Structured Agricultural Soils, 105–20. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2421-5_10.

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Brown, Stephanie H. "Iron in the Iron Age: The Life-Cycle of Agricultural Implements from Tell en-Naṣbeh." In "As for me, I will dwell at Mizpah …": The Tell en-Nasbeh Excavations after 85 Years, edited by Jeffrey R. Zorn, Aaron J. Brody, Alexis T. Boutin, Stephanie H. Brown, Catherine P. Foster, Mary Larkum, Whitney R. McClellan, et al., 95–122. Piscataway, NJ, USA: Gorgias Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.31826/9781463234980-006.

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Kaufmann, Andreas, Timo Schempp, Ingmar Stoehr, Markus Schmid, and Thomas Maier. "How to Develop a HMI for an Agricultural Tractor Focusing on the Handling of Various Implements." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 784–92. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96071-5_82.

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van Zuydam, R. P. "Centimeter-Precision Guidance of Agricultural Implements in the Open Field by Means of Real Time Kinematic Dgps." In Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Precision Agriculture, 1023–34. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/1999.precisionagproc4.c5b.

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Angelus Khoh, M., and Amarendra Kumar Das. "A Review of the Agricultural Tools and Implements of the Northeastern Region of India from Design Perspective." In Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies, 909–18. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-5974-3_78.

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Alcock, Ralph. "Tires and Ballasting for Agricultural Tractors." In Tractor-Implement Systems, 59–72. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-6879-3_5.

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Mano, Aline Patricia, Julianita Maria Scaranello Simões, Luciano Silva Lima, José Carlos de Toledo, and Sérgio Luis da Silva. "The Main Problems in the Product Development Process by Large-sized Companies of the Brazilian Agricultural Machines and Implements Sector." In Complex Systems Concurrent Engineering, 749–55. London: Springer London, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84628-976-7_82.

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Nanwal, R. K., and G. A. Rajanna. "Tools and Implements Used in Dryland Agriculture." In Rainfed Agriculture, 259–67. London: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003364917-13.

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Bhatt, Ganesh Datt, Mahesh Singh, Archna Bharti, and Deepali Rana. "Traditional and Modern Agricultural Implements Used in Agro Sciences – A Case Study in the Part of National Capital Region of Uttar Pradesh, India." In Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences, 129–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79065-3_12.

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González-Sánchez, Emilio J., Manuel Moreno-Garcia, Amir Kassam, Saidi Mkomwa, Julio Roman-Vazquez, Oscar Veroz-Gonzalez, Rafaela Ordoñez-Fernandez, et al. "Climate smart agriculture for Africa: the potential role of conservation agriculture in climate smart agriculture." In Conservation agriculture in Africa: climate smart agricultural development, 66–84. Wallingford: CABI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245745.0003.

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Abstract To achieve the challenges raised in Agenda 2063 and the Malabo Declaration, new agricultural techniques need to be promoted. Practical approaches to implement climate smart agriculture and sustainable agriculture, able to deliver at field level, are required. These include sustainable soil and land management that allows different user groups to manage their resources, including water, crops, livestock and associated biodiversity, in ways that are best suited to the prevailing biophysical, socio-economic and climatic conditions. The adoption of locally adapted sustainable soil management practices is needed to support climate change mitigation and adaptation from the agricultural perspective. In this sense, Conservation Agriculture (CA) can be adapted to local conditions, and help achieve the key objectives. The application of CA principles brings multiple benefits, especially in terms of soil conservation, but also for mitigating climate change. In fact, CA has the ability to transform agricultural soils from being carbon emitters into carbon sinks, because of no-tillage (NT) techniques and the return to the soil of diverse crop biomass from above-ground parts of plants and from diverse roots systems and root exudates. Similarly, fossil energy use decreases due to the reduction in agricultural operations, and so less CO2 is emitted to the atmosphere. Lower greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in CA also result, because of reduced and more efficient use of inputs. Scientific studies confirm the sequestration potential of increased soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks on croplands in Africa on each of the continent's major bioclimatic areas. Coefficients of SOC sequestration for Africa are presented in this chapter.
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Conference papers on the topic "Agricultural implements"

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Lukassek, Markus, Andreas Volz, Tomas Szabo, and Knut Graichen. "Model Predictive Control for Agricultural Machines with Implements." In 2020 28th Mediterranean Conference on Control and Automation (MED). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/med48518.2020.9183272.

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De Paula, Marcelo Vinícius, Paulo Robson Melo Costa, Angel Pontin Garcia, and Tárcio André dos Santos Barros. "Position Control of SRM for Agricultural Implements Electrification." In 2023 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference & Expo (ITEC). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itec55900.2023.10186987.

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Liu, Xiong, Lin Dong, Jie Yang, Zhi Wei Liu, Jingqing Tao, and Qiao Wen. "Research on the Wear and Protection of Agricultural Implements." In The Joint Conferences of 2015 International Conference on Computer Science and Engineering Technology (CSET2015) and 2015 International Conference on Medical Science and Biological Engineering (MSBE2015). WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814651011_0009.

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Kazenwadel, Benjamin, and Marcus Geimer. "Real-Time Prediction of Efficient Operating Points in Quasi-Stationary Agricultural Processes With Hydraulic Implements." In ASME/BATH 2023 Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fpmc2023-111383.

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Abstract Agriculture is a critical industry that relies on the use of mobile machinery with high energy demands. Currently, the efficiency optimization of agricultural machinery is limited by the targets set by the human operator. Manual adjustments of the targets are challenging since the operator does not know the optimization strategy of the internal control systems of the machines, and therefore cannot fully exploit all degrees of freedom for efficiency optimization, including the operating speed. While some agricultural processes only require draft power, others depend on additional power transmission. Compared to the use of mechanical PTO shafts to provide energy for power-intensive functions of agricultural implements, the use of hydraulics offers the possibility of variable adjustment of the transmitted power as it is independent of the engine speed. In this paper, an algorithm for the prediction of the best operating point is proposed based on an interaction model of a machine-implement combination with the environment and a neural network for the prediction of the system efficiency. Simulations demonstrate that the system can propose advantageous operating points.
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Joshi, Pratibha, Renu Jethi, Nirmal Chandra, M. L. Roy, Atheequlla G.A, and H. L. Kharbirkar. "Anthropometry of Indian Hill Women for Development of Agricultural Implements." In Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference. AHFE International, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100069.

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Anthropometry deals with the measurements of physical properties which are essentials for designing any tools or equipments. For designing ergonomically sound women friendly technology and assessment of nutritional status anthropometry has the pivotal role. In the present study anthropometric measurements of 45 body dimensions of women and nutrition related measurements of body type were documented from farm women’s in hills of Uttarakhand. The aim of this study is to document the mean and percentile range of static and dynamic anthropometric measurements and to provide a comprehensive data for use by anthropologists, nutritionist and ergonomic practitioners who are engaged in designing and evaluating mechanized technologies for women. Various body dimensions in standing and sitting positions, reach measurements, determinants of body fat and Body Mass Index (BMI) were recorded for hill women working in the agricultural domain. Total 100 women extensively involved in agricultural operations were chosen for the study and reference data to specify the physical dimensions for enhancing operational ability, safety, and convenience and comfort were recorded. Skinfold thickness was measured at four sites i.e. biceps, triceps, subscapula and suprailiac. The data(mean ± Standard Deviation) in centimeters pertaining to stature 149.5 ± 9.04, Standing eye height 140.96 ± 6.89, Standing cervical height 129.33 ± 6.21, Standing shoulder height 123.63 ± 4.86 , Naval height 99.67 ± 2.02, Hip Breadth (Standing) 102.12 ± 6.11, Chest depth 85.80 ± 5.58, Chest Breadth 91.13 ± 4.48, Arm Span 57.66 ± 3.41, Elbow span 38.48 ± 2.22, Arm Length 50.12 ± 1.57, Ankle height 7.73 ± 1.01, Thigh Circumference 45.26 ± 4.28, Calf Circumference 29.54 ± 4.08, Sitting measurements, head and face, hand and foot anthropometry and reaches were incorporated. The range of biceps, triceps, subscapula and suprailiac for farm women varied between 3.9 to 8.1 mm, 6.2 to 10.8mm, 8.4 to 15.2 mm and 7.5 to 12.5 with the average of 5.9 ± 0.9 mm, 8.08 ± 1.8 mm, 12.75 ± 1.6 mm, 10.5 ± 3.5 mm respectively. It was found that body density of subjects was ranged from 1.03 to 1.06, with mean of 1.04 ± 0.003 and percent body fat was 24.5 ± 1.4. The subjects were classified into categories of chronic energy deficient, normal and obese on the basis of Body Mass Index. It was found that 46 percent were undernourished, 33.3 percent women were normal, 18 percent low normal and only 1.6 percent overweight.
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Boaventura, Alana, Victor Schutzer, Matheus Quartaroli, Sueli Leite, Bento Rodrigues de Pontes Junior, and João Eduardo Santos. "VIBRATION ANALYSIS DURING THE OPERATION OF A TRACTOR WITH AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS." In 24th ABCM International Congress of Mechanical Engineering. ABCM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.26678/abcm.cobem2017.cob17-1630.

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Shafique Qadir Memon, M. S. Mirjat, Nadeem Amjad, Shabbir Kalwar, Asif Mirani, and Azhar Saeed. "Evaluation of fuel energy requirement of tillage implements for loamy soil." In 2011 International Conference on New Technology of Agricultural Engineering (ICAE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icae.2011.5943754.

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Röttgermann, Sebastian, Henning Hecheltjen, and Stefan Haverkamp. "System Architecture for the Combination of Smart Agricultural Implements with Highly Automated Towing Vehicles, from the Implement Manufacturer's Point of View." In 2023 Omaha, Nebraska July 9-12, 2023. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aim.202300407.

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de Oliveira, Paulo Ricardo Araujo, Vinicius de Almeida Lima, and José Igor Calsavara Bougo. "Longitudinal and Lateral Dynamics Simulation of an 11-Axle, 91-Ton Vehicle Combination for the Sugarcane Industry." In 12th SAE BRASIL Colloquium on Suspensions and Road Implements & Engineering Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2023-36-0360.

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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">The sugarcane industry holds the second largest share of production value in the Brazilian agricultural sector, with Brazil responsible for more than 20% of the world’s production. Therefore, the increase of efficiency in the production process of sugarcane is an object of interest for producers, with transportation playing an important role in the process, both economically and environmentally. Intending to improve the efficiency in the transportation of sugarcane between cultivation and processing facilities, this work uses simulations to analyze safety aspects of a vehicle combination with 11 axles and 91ton capacity, new to the Brazilian transportation system. Several procedures were performed in a virtual environment to evaluate the vehicle longitudinal and lateral dynamics, including weight distribution, overtaking performance, rollover threshold, rearward amplification, braking and gradeability. The study is focused on providing information about the feasibility and safety of this vehicle combination in highway traffic. The simulations were made in the software TruckSim 2020.1, from Mechanical Simulation, broadly used by the automotive industry due to its friendly interface when modeling the vehicle and test procedures. The results obtained indicate that it is possible for these vehicles to operate safely, as long as some restrictions on the trailer design and traffic engineering are respected, allowing to increase the efficiency in sugarcane transportation without compromising traffic safety.</div></div>
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Racs, Marcel, Andreas Kaufmann, Björn Hülle, and Thomas Maier. "Design Recommendations for an Adaptive Control System in Agricultural Tractors Based on Expert Knowledge." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001717.

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OBJECTIVE AND SIGNIFICANCEDue to various implements in agricultural technology, the human machine interface (HMI) in tractors is required to cover a wide range of different operating scenarios. According to the current state of the art, the wide range of operating scenarios and changing operating characteristics can be covered only suboptimally by static control elements on the operating armrest. An optimized solution with intuitive operation, high usability and the avoidance of operating errors requires an HMI that can adapt optimally to the changing scenarios. Based on the previous research project aISA, the current project aISA 2.0 (adaptive interface systems in agricultural tractors) focuses on the development of an adaptive operating system in order to provide an optimal interface for the various and changing operating scenarios in tractors. Based on a methodical categorization, a design recommendation for the interface system is developed, among others considering availability, positioning, actuation type and interface technology of the functions examined. For this purpose, expert knowledge and a method for analyzing functionalities and operating is used. The existing method [1] will be further developed and applied to agricultural implements.METHODThe methodological approach can be divided into the following three aspects:1.Expert interviews2.Function and operation analysis, short: FOA3.Development of design recommendations for an optimized adaptive control system in agricultural tractors.In this contribution, the structure and results of the expert interviews are presented in detail. The expert interviews were conducted with developers from six different implement manufacturers regarding eleven different implements for a duration of 1.5 - 2 hours each. The objective was to gather every relevant control function and having each function evaluated by the expert in terms of different aspects. General settings, menu navigation and indicators not related to active controls were excluded. The next step involves analyzing the HMI by applying the established FOA based on the data collected. The individual functions are examined using operating scenarios. This includes comparing the control action performed by the user with the execution of the command by the machine. The analysis results in various compatibilities for each scenario that are necessary for intuitive operation. Based on the compatibilities, the current FOA is expanded including further specifications for the design recommendation of the control functions. This involves using 15 different control types that are available via the software interface (Isobus) commonly used in agricultural engineering. These define the framework for the type of operation on the software side that later can be performed by the adaptive control elements.RESULTSThe requirements for an adaptive operating armrest in agricultural tractors are achieved by the detailed analysis of the operating scenarios, the operating characteristics, the investigation of the compatibilities, and the consideration of the control types. The results lead to specific design recommendations for a conceptual design of the adaptive HMI for the control functions of the investigated implements.
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Reports on the topic "Agricultural implements"

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Shmulevich, Itzhak, Shrini Upadhyaya, Dror Rubinstein, Zvika Asaf, and Jeffrey P. Mitchell. Developing Simulation Tool for the Prediction of Cohesive Behavior Agricultural Materials Using Discrete Element Modeling. United States Department of Agriculture, October 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2011.7697108.bard.

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The underlying similarity between soils, grains, fertilizers, concentrated animal feed, pellets, and mixtures is that they are all granular materials used in agriculture. Modeling such materials is a complex process due to the spatial variability of such media, the origin of the material (natural or biological), the nonlinearity of these materials, the contact phenomenon and flow that occur at the interface zone and between these granular materials, as well as the dynamic effect of the interaction process. The lack of a tool for studying such materials has limited the understanding of the phenomena relevant to them, which in turn has led to energy loss and poor quality products. The objective of this study was to develop a reliable prediction simulation tool for cohesive agricultural particle materials using Discrete Element Modeling (DEM). The specific objectives of this study were (1) to develop and verify a 3D cohesionless agricultural soil-tillage tool interaction model that enables the prediction of displacement and flow in the soil media, as well as forces acting on various tillage tools, using the discrete element method; (2) to develop a micro model for the DEM formulation by creating a cohesive contact model based on liquid bridge forces for various agriculture materials; (3) to extend the model to include both plastic and cohesive behavior of various materials, such as grain and soil structures (e.g., compaction level), textures (e.g., clay, loam, several grains), and moisture contents; (4) to develop a method to obtain the parameters for the cohesion contact model to represent specific materials. A DEM model was developed that can represent both plastic and cohesive behavior of soil. Soil cohesive behavior was achieved by considering tensile force between elements. The developed DEM model well represented the effect of wedge shape on soil behavior and reaction force. Laboratory test results showed that wedge penetration resistance in highly compacted soil was two times greater than that in low compacted soil, whereas DEM simulation with parameters obtained from the test of low compacted soil could not simply be extended to that of high compacted soil. The modified model took into account soil failure strength that could be changed with soil compaction. A three dimensional representation composed of normal displacement, shear failure strength and tensile failure strength was proposed to design mechanical properties between elements. The model based on the liquid bridge theory. An inter particle tension force measurement tool was developed and calibrated A comprehensive study of the parameters of the contact model for the DEM taking into account the cohesive/water-bridge was performed on various agricultural grains using this measurement tool. The modified DEM model was compared and validated against the test results. With the newly developed model and procedure for determination of DEM parameters, we could reproduce the high compacted soil behavior and reaction forces both qualitatively and quantitatively for the soil conditions and wedge shapes used in this study. Moreover, the effect of wedge shape on soil behavior and reaction force was well represented with the same parameters. During the research we made use of the commercial PFC3D to analyze soil tillage implements. An investigation was made of three different head drillers. A comparison of three commonly used soil tillage systems was completed, such as moldboard plow, disc plow and chisel plow. It can be concluded that the soil condition after plowing by the specific implement can be predicted by the DEM model. The chisel plow is the most economic tool for increasing soil porosity. The moldboard is the best tool for soil manipulation. It can be concluded that the discrete element simulation can be used as a reliable engineering tool for soil-implement interaction quantitatively and qualitatively.
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Theiling, Charles, Eric Hanson, Daniel Adams, and Burton Suedel. Rolling Prairie, Minnesota, beneficial use area : a 100-year plan for multiuse land management and restoration using dredged sediment. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), May 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/48511.

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Inland waterway dredged sediment management is challenged by a lack of capacity in existing dredged material confined disposal facilities (CDFs) and a lack of available land to place sediment near frequently dredged navigation channels. Navigation operation and maintenance (O&M) dredging, material management, and coordination costs are increasing, and alternative long-term solutions are required. In response, the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), St. Paul District has addressed the challenge by investigating regional sediment management and beneficial use of dredged material when updating navigation pool–specific dredged material management plans (DMMP). The recently completed Pool 5 DMMP planning identified a 950 acre (384 ha)* placement site consisting of several land parcels available from willing sellers that will accommodate a “100-year plan” for dredged material management (USACE 2019). This technical note describes the multiple-use site plan that creates sand prairie and wetland habitat, provides public access to sand stockpiles, and implements agriculture studies with the University of Minnesota to evaluate the benefits of dredged material (i.e., sand) amendments in alluvial cropland soils, which has not been widely investigated. The Rolling Prairie site will demonstrate benefits of “distributed DMMPs” in which thin-layer placement on agricultural land near dredging locations can supplement traditional disposal methods. It also shows the advantage of having a large placement site to achieve multiple objectives.
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Banerjee, Onil, Martin Cicowiez, Ana Rios, and Cicero De Lima. Climate Change Impacts on Agriculture in Latin America and the Caribbean: An Application of the Integrated Economic-Environmental Modeling (IEEM) Platform. Inter-American Development Bank, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003794.

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In this paper, we assess the economy-wide impact of Climate Change (CC) on agriculture and food security in 20 Latin American and the Caribbean (LAC) countries. Specifically, we focus on the following three channels through which CC may affect agricultural and non-agricultural production: (i) agricultural yields; (ii) labor productivity in agriculture, and; (iii) economy-wide labor productivity. We implement the analysis using the Integrated Economic-Environmental Model (IEEM) and databases for 20 LAC available through the OPEN IEEM Platform. Our analysis identifies those countries most affected according to key indicators including Gross Domestic Product (GDP), international commerce, sectoral output, poverty, and emissions. Most countries experience negative impacts on GDP, with the exception of the major soybean producing countries, namely, Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay. We find that CC-induced crop productivity and labor productivity changes affect countries differently. The combined impact, however, indicates that Belize, Nicaragua, Guatemala and Paraguay would fare the worst. Early identification of these hardest hit countries can enable policy makers pre-empting these effects and beginning the design of adaptation strategies early on. In terms of greenhouse gas emissions, only Argentina, Chile and Uruguay would experience small increases in emissions.
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Golub, Alla, Benjamin Henderson, Thomas Hertel, Steven Rose, Misak Avetisyan, and Brent Sohngen. Effects of GHG Mitigation Policies on Livestock Sectors. GTAP Working Paper, July 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21642/gtap.wp62.

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In this paper we have investigated effects of GHG mitigation policies on livestock sectors. We used a global computable general equilibrium GTAP-AEZ-GHG model with explicit unique regional land types, land uses and related GHG emissions. The model is then augmented with cost and GHG response information from partial equilibrium approaches to abatement of land-based greenhouse gas emissions. With this framework we analyze changes in regional livestock output, sector competitiveness and regional food consumption under different climate change mitigation policy regimes. Scenarios we have considered differ by participation/exclusion of agricultural sectors and non-Annex I countries, as well as policy instruments. The imposition of carbon tax in agriculture has adverse affects on food consumption, especially in developing countries. The reductions in food consumption are smaller if the agricultural producer subsidy is introduced to compensate for carbon tax the producers pay. The global forest carbon sequestration subsidy effectively controls emission leakage when carbon tax is imposed only in Annex I regions. The sequestration subsidy bids land away from agriculture in non-Annex 1 regions and prevents expansion of agricultural sectors. Though the sequestration subsidy allows reduction of GHG emissions, if implemented, the policy may adversely affect food security and agricultural development in developing countries.
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Mdoe, Ntengua S. Y., and Glead I. Mlay. Agricultural Commercialisation and the Political Economy of Value Chains: Tanzania Rice Case Study. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2021.011.

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This paper presents the political economy of rice commercialisation in Tanzania. It is based on a review of trade policies, regulations, strategies, and programmes implemented since the 1960s to promote rice commercialisation, and the views of key informants. Key findings that emerge from the review of literature and key informant interviews indicate that the performance of the value chain over time has been negatively affected by the combined effects of the policies, regulations, strategies, and programmes implemented concurrently.
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Coyle, William, Mark Gehlhar, Thomas Hertel, Zhi Wang, and Wusheng Yu. Understanding the Determinants of structural Change in World Food Markets. GTAP Working Paper, September 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21642/gtap.wp02.

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This study assesses the interaction between climate change and agricultural trade policies. We distinguish between two dimensions of agricultural trade policy: market insulation and subsidy levels. Building on the previous work of Tsigas, Frisvold and Kuhn (1997) we find that, in the presence of current levels of agricultural subsidies, increased price transmission --as called for under the Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture-- reduces global welfare in the wake of climate change. This is due to the positive correlation between productivity changes and current levels of agricultural support. Increases in subsidized output under climate change tend to exacerbate inefficiencies in the global agricultural economy in the absence of market insulation. However, once agricultural subsidies have also been eliminated, price transmission via the global trading system contributes positively to economic adaptation under climate change. products. This may partially explain the relatively slow growth of world grain import demand in recent years. In addition, bilateral agreements with East Asia, NAFTA, and the evolution of the CAP, have all had important impacts on the structure of world food and agricultural trade. The objective of this paper is to assess the relative role of each of the major forces-- consumer demand, factor accumulation, transport costs, and policy change--in driving changes in the composition of world food trade in 1980-1995. To do so, we employ a modified version of the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) model of world trade which permits us to isolate the contribution of each of these related factors to the changing composition of world food trade in a general equilibrium context. We evaluate the relative role of each of these factors by simulating the model backwards in time, from 1995 to 1980 under different assumptions. This general approach, termed “backcasting” (i.e. backwards forecasting), takes as exogenous the basic drivers of change and attempts to explain the resulting change in food trade composition. The model-produced changes in the composition of agricultural and food trade are compared with historical trade data, to determine the relative importance of each factor on the changing composition of food trade. Given limited space, our focus will be on explaining the changes in the global composition of food and agriculture trade. A natural follow-on effort would target specific markets in more detail. This type of backcasting approach was first employed by Gehlhar (1997) who sought to explain the shift in exports of primary commodities to manufactures in East Asia in the 1980's. He calibrated the GTAP model to 1992 data, then implemented shocks to factor endowments and economywide total factor productivity (TFP) in order to force each economy back to its 1982 levels of population, land, labor, human capital, physical capital and technology. By comparing actual and predicted changes in export shares in this period, he found human capital accumulation played a key role in explaining the change in the aggregate composition of East Asian exports. Gehlhar, Hertel and Martin (1994) built on this work in an effort to predict future changes in the pattern of agricultural trade from 1992-2002. They also emphasized the importance of supply-side determinants of agricultural trade. In this paper, we go beyond this earlier work in a number of ways. First, we focus on the composition of agricultural exports, rather than simply looking at the share of agriculture in total trade. Secondly, we incorporate the Cranfield et al. estimates of Rimmer and Powell’s recently developed, implicitly directly additive demand system (nicknamed AIDADS) into the GTAP model. This permits us to better capture the impact of demand-side changes on the pattern of global tr
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De Salvo, Carmine Paolo, Lina Salazar, and César Augusto López. Agricultural Input Subsidies and Productivity: The Case of Paraguayan Farmers. Inter-American Development Bank, April 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0012285.

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It is a well-known fact that a great majority of countries implement agricultural input subsidies as a tool to boost agricultural productivity and output. However, even though this practice is widely spread and represents a large part of the agricultural budget, little emphasis has been placed on the evaluation of the effectiveness of such schemes. This paper aims to shed light on this issue by exploring the impact of agricultural input subsidies on agricultural productivity. Using a quasi experimental approach (Propensity Score Matching), this study estimates the impact of receiving an agricultural input donation on the value of production per hectare as a measure of the effect on agricultural productivity. To this end, data from the "Encuesta Permanente de Hogares" of Paraguay, a nationally representative household survey collected in 2012, was utilized. The results provide evidence that agricultural input donations do not have an impact on agricultural productivity or input utilization.
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Sproule, Katie, and Lilia Bliznashka. Researcher-implementer partnerships in nutrition-sensitive agriculture programming: Lessons from HKI-IFPRI’s work on HKI’s homestead food production model. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.134877.

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Giap, Bui Minh. COVID-19 Pandemic Impacts on Food Security in Central and West Asia: Key Issues and Strategic Options. Asian Development Bank, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/wps200360-2.

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The rapid spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Central and West Asia has prompted individual governments to quickly implement disease containment and other COVID-19 response measures. Unfortunately, these courses of action have resulted in reduced foreign remittances, declining household incomes, rising rates of unemployment, and disruptions in agricultural supply chains, which created severe impacts on the region’s food security situation. The Asian Development Bank offers a list of strategic options to enhance the region’s agricultural productivity and competitiveness as it moves toward its food secure future, post-COVID-19.
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Marra de Artiñano, Ignacio, Franco Riottini Depetris, and Christian Volpe Martincus. Automatic Product Classification in International Trade: Machine Learning and Large Language Models. Inter-American Development Bank, July 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0005012.

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Accurately classifying products is essential in international trade. Virtually all countries categorize products into tariff lines using the Harmonized System (HS) nomenclature for both statistical and duty collection purposes. In this paper, we apply and assess several different algorithms to automatically classify products based on text descriptions. To do so, we use agricultural product descriptions from several public agencies, including customs authorities and the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). We find that while traditional machine learning (ML) models tend to perform well within the dataset in which they were trained, their precision drops dramatically when implemented outside of it. In contrast, large language models (LLMs) such as GPT 3.5 show a consistently good performance across all datasets, with accuracy rates ranging between 60% and 90% depending on HS aggregation levels. Our analysis highlights the valuable role that artificial intelligence (AI) can play in facilitating product classification at scale and, more generally, in enhancing the categorization of unstructured data.
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