Journal articles on the topic 'Agricultural factors and GDP'
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El-Khalifa, Zainab Shawky, Hoda Farouk Zahran, and Ahmed Ayoub. "Climate Change Factors' Impact on the Egyptian Agricultural Sector." Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development 12, no. 3 (August 29, 2022): 192–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.55493/5005.v12i3.4600.
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Climate change is the greatest threat to agriculture and food security, particularly in developing countries. Climate change occurs as CO2 levels in the atmosphere rise, causing changes in wind patterns and rainfall and rising temperatures. This study assumes that climate change will have a long-run impact on Egypt's agricultural sector. So, an autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL) was applied to examine the effects of climate change factors and other economic factors on Egyptian agricultural GDP in the short and long run from 1990 to 2020. The findings indicate that climate change factors have a long-run impact on Egypt's agricultural sector. In the long run, CO2 is the primary cause of Egypt's increasing temperatures. In the short run, climate change occurs because CO2 levels in the atmosphere increase, resulting in global warming, storms, floods, and rising sea levels. The result is that rising temperatures have reduced agricultural GDP.
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Jussibaliyeva, A. K., A. B. Soltanbayeva, and S. S. Tleuberdiyeva. "The Agricultural Factors Influencing the Economic Development of Kazakhstan." Economics: the strategy and practice 17, no. 4 (December 31, 2022): 145–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.51176/1997-9967-2022-4-145-157.
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This article aims to identify the impact of factors of agriculture on the economic growth of Kazakhstan. The literature review analyzes the current state of the agricultural sector and indicates the role of Kazakh agriculture in the development of the economy in world. Using the SPSS program, a multiple regression analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between six independent variables and one dependent variable of economic growth expressed as GDP per capita. When constructing the regression, four factors were used, namely investments in agriculture, productivity, livestock of cattle and poultry, and gross output of agricultural services, in addition, the interest rate and the unemployment rate were also taken into account. Descriptive statistics for variables were taken from the Bureau of National Statistics from 2003 to 2021. Three hypotheses were put forward, and two were accepted on a 5% significance level. The third hypothesis was not rejected, and at the same time, there was no evidence to accept it either. According to the results, a small change in GDP per capita as an investment in agriculture and crop yield change by one unit. Also, the difference in a dependent variable while cattle and poultry livestock and gross output of agricultural services change by one unit were insignificant when α=0.05. The government can use the results of the study to develop the economy from the perspective of agriculture.
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Popović, Goran, Ognjen Erić, and Jelena Bjelić. "Factor Analysis of Prices and Agricultural Production in the European Union." ECONOMICS 8, no. 1 (June 1, 2020): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/eoik-2020-0001.
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AbstractCommon agricultural policy (CAP) is a factor of development and cohesion of the European Union (EU) agriculture. The fundamentals of CAP were defined in the 1950s, when the Union was formed. Since then, CAP has been reforming and adapting to new circumstances. Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union defines the goals of CAP: stable (acceptable) prices of agricultural products, growth, productivity and technological progress in agriculture, growth in farmers’ income and supplying the common market. Factor analysis of the prices and production goals of CAP directly or indirectly involves the following variables: prices of agricultural and industrial products, indices of the prices of cereals, meat and milk, indices of the prices of agricultural products in France and Great Britain, agricultural GDP and EU GDP. The analysis results come down to 2 factors. The first – “internal factor” is a set of indicators homogenous in terms of greater impact of CAP on their trends (the prices of agricultural products in France, income from agriculture, the prices of agricultural products in EU and Great Britain and the milk price index). The second - “external factor” is made of general and global indicators (cereals prices, EU GDP and prices in industry). Factor analysis has confirmed high correlation of goals: production growth, productivity and technological progress in agriculture as well as “reasonable” prices in agriculture. The analysis shows high correlation between agricultural and industrial products, indices of the prices of cereals, meat and milk, indices of the prices of agricultural products in France and Great Britain, agriculture GDP and EU GDP (classified into internal and external factors). In general, the results of the factor analysis justify the existence of CAP, while the EU budget support brings wider social benefits.
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Jha, Prabhat, and Shiva Chandra Dhakal. "Factors of Production Influencing Gross Domestic Product in Nepal." Nepal Journal of Science and Technology 19, no. 2 (October 10, 2021): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njst.v20i1.39389.
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This study has analysed the factors of production, viz; agricultural land, working force and gross fixed capital formation (GFCF) of Nepal between 2000/01-2017/18 AD and has determined their effects on national income, viz; Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by using Cobb-Douglas regression function. The results showed an average growth rate of GDP, agricultural land, working force and GFCF to be 3.9%, 0.8%, 1.5% and 7.9%, respectively, with the values plummeting in 2015/16, due to occurrence of the devastating earthquake in 2015, but then again variable values skyrocketed following years. The regression analysis found that GDP was affected significantly by agricultural land and working force, but insignificant with GFCF. On an average, with the increase in agricultural land and working force by 1 %, GDP increased by 1.1% and 1.7%, respectively. Thus, policy regarding an increment of agricultural land use and employment of labour force must be framed to improve the Nepalese economy.
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Phiri, Joseph, Karel Malec, Socrates Kraido Majune, Seth Nana Kwame Appiah-Kubi, Zdeňka Gebeltová, Sylvie Kobzev Kotásková, Mansoor Maitah, Kamil Maitah, and Patricia Naluwooza. "Durability of Zambia’s Agricultural Exports." Agriculture 11, no. 1 (January 17, 2021): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11010073.
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This paper establishes the determinants of the export durability of agriculture products in Zambia with specific attention to maize, sugar, cotton, and tobacco between 1996 and 2019. We find that approximately 39% of Zambia’s agricultural products were exported beyond the first year of trading and less than 10% lasted up to 6 years of trading. The mean and median duration of exporting agricultural products in Zambia was 1.7 years and 1 year, respectively. Among the products, maize had the highest export duration after the first year of trading, followed by sugar, tobacco, and cotton. Results of the discrete-time logit and probit models with random effects revealed that the duration of total agricultural products was significantly impacted by common colony, contiguity, partner’s gross domestic product (GDP), Zambia’s GDP, initial exports, and total exports. Of these factors, colonial history and Zambia’s GDP reduced export duration, while contiguity, partner’s GDP, initial exports, and total exports increased the durability of exports in Zambia. The effect of Zambia’s GDP was uniform across all individual agricultural products. Total exports also significantly impacted all other agriculture products in a similar manner except for maize. Export durability for cotton was significantly impacted by the Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs), while the export durability of tobacco was significantly impacted by distance, contiguity, and partner’s GDP. To increase the duration of agriculture exports, we propose the exporting of finished agriculture products (and not just raw materials), which have a higher market value and duration probability. Farmers also need support with export subsidies, increased foreign market access (especially to economies with higher buying power), and negotiated favorable trade terms in the region and around the globe.
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Tesfaye, Eyayu. "Determinants of Agricultural Export in Sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence from Panel Study." American Journal of Trade and Policy 1, no. 2 (August 31, 2014): 62–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.18034/ajtp.v1i2.364.
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Despite the critical importance of agriculture in SSA countries; there are constraints behind, between, and beyond the border that directly and indirectly affects agricultural export performance of these countries. This paper attempts to explain theoretically and assess empirically the demand and the supply side factors affecting agricultural export of SSA countries. Specifically, the study focuses on analyzing the relative importance of the two major factors in determining the countries agricultural export performance. Panel data set with fixed effects estimation technique is used to address the question. The data set covers 47 SSA countries over the periods 2000-2008.The estimation result shows that on the supply side, factors such as real GDP, real GDP (lagged) of exporting country and lagged agricultural input use positively and significantly affects agricultural export of the SSA countries. The study also indicates that on the demand side the effect of per capita GDP of US, the major trading partner of SSA countries, is positive and significant. Moreover, the effect of US import tariff imposed on agricultural products from SSA countries is negative and significant. Therefore, the overall result reiterates that both supply side and demand side factors are equally important in determining agricultural export performance of SSA countries.
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Utebayevna, Kdyrbaeva Gulan. "Increasing The Share Of The Agricultural Economy In The Country's Gross Domestic Product." American Journal of Management and Economics Innovations 3, no. 05 (May 31, 2021): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajmei/volume03issue05-04.
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The content of the article is devoted to the scientific basis for increasing the share of the agricultural economy in GDP. In this regard, proposals are being made to increase the factors affecting the efficiency of agriculture. By increasing agricultural efficiency, we will be able to increase GDP and provide employment for the country’s workforce. In this way, we will improve the living standards of the population, that is, increase the income of the population through self-employment. The main purpose is to make proposals for the construction of agriculture based on innovative technologies based on modern technologies. That is, we can achieve GDP growth in the country through the use of intensive methods.
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Huang, Tingting, and Bin Xiong. "Space Comparison of Agricultural Green Growth in Agricultural Modernization: Scale and Quality." Agriculture 12, no. 7 (July 21, 2022): 1067. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12071067.
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Promoting agricultural green growth has become an indispensable key content to speed up the process of agricultural modernization, has become a necessary prerequisite to achieve common prosperity of the rural people, and has become the basic practice of implementing people-centered development thought in the stage of high-quality development. Many researchers have studied the problems, level measurement and route choice of the growth of agriculture. However, there have been few studies on how to promote the agricultural green growth from the perspective of agricultural modernization, and how to combine the green agricultural GDP with the agricultural green total factor productivity (GTFP). To address this research inadequacy, in this paper, we focus on the time and space comparison of green agricultural GDP, agricultural GTFP, and their source decomposition, and summarize and discuss the key factors affecting agricultural GTFP. The results show that the share of output value of green agriculture in Tongren City is relatively high within the region of the province, and there is a large temporal and spatial difference between the change of agricultural GTFP and agricultural technology utilization efficiency and agricultural technology progress. At the same time, the improvement of economic development level can significantly promote the rise of agricultural GTFP, agricultural technology utilization efficiency, and agricultural technology progress. On balance, our results compare green agricultural GDP, agricultural GTFP, and their source decomposition in time and space, and reveals their evolution law and development trend from the perspective of high-quality development of agricultural modernization. In this way, we can provide an empirical basis and decision-making reference for accelerating the high-quality development of agricultural modernization.
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Potelwa, Xolisiwe Yolanda, Moses Herbert Lubinga, and Thandeka Ntshangase. "Factors Influencing the Growth of South Africa’s Agricultural Exports toWorld Markets." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 34 (December 31, 2016): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n34p195.
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The paper assesses the factors influencing South Africa’s agricultural export growth to its cardinal destinations between 2001 and 2014. A gravity model was used to present investigation of trade flows that has been validated as a suitable tool in determining export growth. The findings indicate that an improvement in South Africa’s and importer’s GDP causes an increase in agricultural exports. Distance and political stability have been shown to have no influence on the growth of agricultural exports to its trading partners. The importer’s population and the export capacity showed a positive relationship on the growth of South Africa’s agricultural exports to its trading partners. Trading agreements, which include AGOA and the TDCA with the EU, show a positive impact on increase in export performance. Therefore, the results suggest that South Africa should focus on countries with a growing population and GDP to improve agricultural export growth and market diversification.
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Kathula, Domeniter Naomi. "Factors Impacting Agricultural Production and the Role of Agricultural Extension Services in Kenya." Journal of Agriculture 7, no. 1 (January 17, 2023): 22–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.53819/81018102t4115.
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Productivity in agricultural is also important for spurring economic growth in other sectors. Farmers live in remote rural areas and make up 75% of the world’s poor. In Sub-Sahara Africa (SSA), productivity in agriculture lags behind globally, and is below the required standards of achieving food security, poverty goals and food sufficiency. As an important sector in the Kenyan economy, agriculture continues to dominate other sectors despite its declining contribution to real GDP. The development in agriculture is that one which revolutionizes the industry by bringing forth profitable agriculture and environment friendly solutions. Kenya government through the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock, have in the past tried to pass information to the farmers via agricultural extension officers. However, the quality of the information disseminated to the farmers has not been up to date, information delivery has not been good, the mode of communication also questionable owing to literacy levels of our farmers and indeed that of the extension officers, information technology has not been embraced fully making it difficult for our farmers to progress with their counterparts in other parts of the world. This study was conducted with the aim of determining the factors impacting agricultural production and the role of agricultural extension services in Kenya. This study is anchored on Diffusion of Innovations Theory. The study employed a mixed design involving a combination of both quantitative and qualitative approach. And the target population was made up of farmers, officers from the ministry of agriculture and officers from agricultural extension service providers. Data was gathered using both structured questionnaire and interview guides. The collected data was analysed with the aid of SPSS software using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings revealed a coefficient of determination (R squared) of 0.319 implying that agricultural extension services explains 31.9 % of the variation in agricultural production in Kenya. The study also showed a positive and statistically significant relationship between agricultural extension services and agricultural production in Kenya (β=1.561, p=.003<.05). The study concludes that agricultural extension services play a significant role in improving agricultural production in Kenya because agricultural extension services offers technical advice on agriculture to farmers. It is thus recommended that agricultural extension service delivery should be boosted through timely recruitment, periodic training of agents and provision of adequate logistics to the farmers. Keywords: Agricultural extension services, agricultural factors, agricultural production, farmers in Kenya
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Ya, Zhang, and Kuangyuan Pei. "Factors Influencing Agricultural Products Trade between China and Africa." Sustainability 14, no. 9 (May 6, 2022): 5589. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14095589.
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Studies on the factors affecting agricultural trade between China and Africa are of practical significance to ensure the healthy and sustainable development of their agricultural cooperation and to strengthen the strategic outcome of China’s “one belt, one road” strategy. Firstly, this paper posits research hypotheses considering six aspects—economic scale, geographical and demographic factors, natural resource endowment, the level of agricultural science and technology, political factors, and exchange rate factors—and then performs an empirical analysis based on an extended gravity model by using data on China from the UN COMTRADE and other data on 58 Africa countries from 2010 to 2019. The results indicate that China’s GDP, African countries’ GDP, the years of education of the African population, the average arable land per capita of African countries and the renewable water resources per capita in Africa have positive effects on the trade flow of agricultural products between China and Africa. Geographical distance and China’s exchange rate have a negative impact on trade flow. The impact of the human capital index of China and the “one belt, one road” policy are not significant. Next, in order to analyze the impact of these factors on different regions of Africa, this paper uses sub samples to test the regional heterogeneity and discusses the relevant issues. Finally, some countermeasures are put forward: the top-level design and overall layout of bilateral cooperation should be consolidated, the stereoscopic traffic network construction of bilateral trade should be accelerated, and the upgrading of agricultural technology should also be accelerated.
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Hong, Pham Van, Nguyen Thao Nguyen, Dinh Tran Ngoc Huy, Nguyen Thu Thuy, and Le Thi Thanh Huong. "Evaluating Several Models of Quality Management and Impacts on Lychee Price Applying for Vietnam Agriculture Products Value Chain Sustainable Development." Alinteri Journal of Agricultural Sciences 36, no. 1 (March 10, 2021): 122–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.47059/alinteri/v36i1/ajas21018.
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Sustainability of Vietnam agriculture value chain will be dependent on various factors such as skills and experience of farmers, advanced technology, agricultural engineering, standards and models such as VIETGAP or GLOBAL GAP, etc. The role is still important, but Vietnam's agricultural production still has many Weakness points compared to other countries in the region when comparing resource use efficiency (land, water and labor). As a result, the efficiency of agricultural production tends to decrease recently. Specifically, the growth in average agricultural labor productivity annual rate of Vietnam also decreased correspondingly from 2.7% in the period 1990-1999 to 2.5% in the period 2000-2013 (World Bank, 2016). In Vietnam, we will evaluate the effectiveness of VIETGAP and GLOBAL GAP models, principles and standards applying in Vietnam agriculture value chain in a specific case study. The research results show a strict condition for applying VIETGAP and GLOBAL GAP for better quality in agriculture, including: Conditions for soil, irrigation water, fertilizers, pest control, etc. Last but not least, we also use an econometric model to measure impacts of multi macro factors on lychee price in Vietnam market over past years 2014-2019. Regression results show that we need to control inflation at low level, stable GDP growth and trade balance and exchange rate to stabilize lychee price. The research findings are of value to policy makers, farmers and investors in making decisions to invest for sustainability of Vietnam agriculture value chain. We will also make suggestions for commercial bank system in agriculture sector development.
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Kamuhuza, Adrian, and GU Jianya. "Statistical Analysis of Factors Influencing Economic Growth in Zambia." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 12 (December 31, 2022): 1737–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.41160.
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Abstract: The focus of this research is to investigate the factors influencing the economic growth in Zambia. The motivation of this research is due to the unsustainable growth trends that Zambia has been experiencing in recent years. There is an assessment on whether it’s a Least Developed Country status is beared on the vulnerability to a Mid Income Trap therefore by using adapted unit root model, Granger causality tests were conducted to establish which variables affect Zambia's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita income level and predispose it to the Middle Income Trap (MIT). Thus, per capita income, labor productivity, agriculture share to GDP, and manufacturing industry share to GDP were investigated. The results have shown that agriculture share of GDP strongly affects GDP per capita income while manufacturing share of GDP has a weaker effect on GDP per capita. The results obtained further indicate that a change in agriculture share of GDP strongly affects the manufacturing output. Therefore, Zambia should increase investment in agriculture and manufacturing to maintain a positive GDP per capita income growth and to catalyze growth in the secondary sectors
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Myniv, R. M., and V. О. Ivashkiv. "Features of investment development of agricultural enterprises." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 23, no. 97 (November 25, 2021): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet-e9705.
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Investments in agricultural enterprises affect the volume of national GDP. At the same time, the development of the investment process in agriculture can have a significant synergistic effect, as investments belong to the gross accumulation of capital, which is one of the components of GDP. Real investment inflows to enterprises in the agro-industrial complex during 2015–2019 tended to increase. In 2019, compared to 2015, the volume of total capital investment in agriculture, forestry and fisheries increased by UAH 28.975 million or 196 %, which is a favorable condition for the development of domestic agricultural enterprises. During 2015–2020, there is a positive increase in capital investment in Ukraine's economy as a whole, but the share of capital investment in agriculture tends to decline annually, especially in 2020 compared to 2019, by 17 %. The decline in investment activity in agriculture is due to unstable macroeconomic and political factors in our country, limited purchasing power, the beginning of the global economic crisis, the gradual devaluation of the national currency, low efficiency of the agricultural sector. The volume of investment averages about 10 % of the total amount of capital investment in the country is quite low, despite the fact that the agricultural sector of our country has a fairly high potential for development and significant investment attractiveness. The dynamics of the share of investment in the national GDP and gross investment in the economy of Ukraine is characterized by a positive trend towards gradual growth during 2015–2019. In 2010, the volume of investments in the agricultural sector amounted to 1.5 % of GDP of our country and 3.3 % relative to gross investment, and in 2015 these figures were 2.3 % and 3.5 %, respectively. In 2019, these figures were 1.7 % and 4.8 %. That is, we can state that during the analyzed period there is an increase in the role of investment in the agricultural sector of the economy and in the formation of sustainable economic development potential of Ukraine. According to the results of 2018, agricultural enterprises and organizations of all forms of ownership at the expense of all sources of funding mastered 64 billion UAH. capital investment, which is 127 % compared to the period of 2017 and 340 % compared to 2013. In 2014–2015, there was a decrease in investment activity in the agricultural sector due to the economic crisis in the country. In 2019–2020, the volume of capital investment in agricultural enterprises decreased by UAH 11 billion, which is a sign of deteriorating investment activity in the agricultural sector.
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Bórawski, Piotr, Mariola Grzybowska-Brzezińska, James William Dunn, and Spiro E. Stefanou. "Factors Shaping Agri-food Product Trade in Poland." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 63, no. 4 (2015): 1221–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201563041221.
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The objective of the paper is to recognize the role of internal and external factors in the trade balance. The analysis of the trade balance is useful to help formulate goals and premises of economy policy to properly allocate production means to eliminate the negative effects of trade liberalization. The authors have studied data about trade of agricultural commodities in the years 2000–2010. To measure the impact of macroeconomic variables used a regression model. The macroeconomic factors included: X1 (inflation), X2 (investment in agriculture and hunting), X3 (GDP) and X4 (exchange rate) and X5 (FAO food price index). We wanted to recognize the impact of macroeconomic factors on: Y1 (total export), Y2 (total import), Y3 (trade balance).
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Mohamed, Walaa. "The Factors affecting the Relative Contribution of the Agricultural Sector to Egyptian GDP." Journal of Agricultural Economics and Social Sciences 11, no. 5 (May 1, 2020): 319–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jaess.2020.102696.
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Kolhe, Mr Sudhir. "Proposal for Economic Growth of Kolhewadi through Agriculture Development." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VII (July 31, 2021): 3589–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.37152.
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India is a developing nation in sectors such as Agriculture, Transportation, Education, and Infrastructure. Agriculture is the one of high GDP contributor in Indian economy. In last few decades by green revolution agriculture sector is developed, but it still has lot of bearing in agricultural growth. The aim of research is to identify various problem in agriculture field in study area Kolhewadi, Tal- Sangamner, Maharashtra. And by studying various factors to prepare proposal for economic growth of kolhewadi through agriculture development.
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Semenenko, Oleh, Anatolii Minochkin, Serhii Vasylenko, Valerii Klepikov, and Oleksandr Pravdyvets. "Assessment of the Impact of the Armed Conflict in Ukraine on the Development of the Agricultural Sector and Price Setting." Scientific Horizons 24, no. 7 (December 29, 2021): 68–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.48077/scihor.24(7).2021.68-80.
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This paper analyses the impact of the armed conflict in Ukraine on the development of the agricultural sector and changes in average prices of agricultural products, and also identifies a possible relationship between changes in prices for agricultural products and financial expenditures for defence needs. The paper also investigates the possible relationship between changes in military spending, gross harvest of cereals and legumes, harvested and threshed area, their yield levels. The study considers how the presence and duration of armed conflict in the country affects: macroeconomic indicators, intensity of hostilities and their localisation in areas of economic activity, gross domestic product (GDP), government expenditures, export-import indicators; household expenditures and domestic investment, consumer and household expenditures. All this, indirectly, has an impact on fluctuations in average prices of products of different sectors of agriculture sold by enterprises. The study takes into account the importance of the agricultural sector of Ukraine, which is a significant part of the country GDP. The dependence of military spending on the size of GDP is the reason for analysing the relationship between the impact of the existing armed conflict on changes in the state of agriculture in Ukraine. One of the results of such actions was also the spending of more money on the purchase of agricultural products to support the defence needs of the state, etc. Therefore, to understand the magnitude of the impact of gross harvest factors, crop yields, and agricultural land volumes on the pricing of agricultural output using the method of statistical equation dependencies, the findings of the relevant analysis can be used as a basis for developing approaches, methods, and techniques to improve crop yields, or – initiate economic development of the country by increasing agricultural crop yields
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Diaz, Patrick. "Selected Factors Affecting the Subsectors of the Philippine Agriculture: A Panel Regression Analysis." International Journal of Academe and Industry Research 3, no. 3 (September 6, 2022): 43–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.53378/352911.
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The study examined the effects of exports to Gross Domestic Product (GDP), employment, and production loans granted in the GDP agriculture of the Philippines. This paper employed descriptive and quantitative techniques to analyze the behavior of GDP, production loans granted (PLG), exports to GDP (EGDP), and employment (EMP) from 2005 to 2015 totalling 33 observations of agriculture, forestry, and fishery sectors. Specifically, panel data analysis was used to assess the effects of APLG, EMP, GDPt-1 and AEGDPt-1 in GDP. The fixed effect model corrected from autocorrelation and heteroscedasticity, a one percentage unit increase in the exports to GDP, on the average, leads to Php 774.96 increase in the GDP, other things equal; and a one-unit increase in employment, on the average, leads to PhP23.55 increase in the GDP, other things equal; a one peso increase in the production loans granted lagged by one period, on the average, leads to Php 0.4760 increase in the GDP, other things equal. Using the fixed effect model, all the explanatory variables such as, exports to GDP, employment and production loans granted lagged by one period exhibited significant effect on the GDP agriculture. Hence, the model is considered satisfactory from statistical perspective. The results from the fixed effect model were consistent with the priori expectations that exports to GDP, employment and production loans granted lagged by one period positively affect the GDP agriculture.
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Rosyidi, Ibnu Muchtar, Heru Irianto, and Sutrisno Hadi Purnomo. "An Analysis of Factors Influencing Indonesia’s Leading Agricultural Commodities Export to India." Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 36, no. 1 (February 9, 2021): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/carakatani.v36i1.39366.
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Indonesia's trade balance to India had been decreasing since 2013. That has been affected by the downward trend in agricultural export value of Indonesia. This problem has raised Government’s attention to increase the export performance. This research aimed to analyze the determinants of Indonesia’s leading agricultural commodities export to India. Panel data regression model was explored to analyze secondary data of the range year 2001 to 2017. The factors examined in this study were India’s real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, Rupiah exchange rate, export price of Indonesia agricultural commodities and India’s import tariff. Model testing used the Chow, Hausman and Lagrange tests to compare and select the best model. The determinant of the variables testing used statistical and classical assumption tests. The results showed that India’s real GDP per capita has positive influence to the export value which means an increase in the purchasing power of trading partners would increase the value of exports. The Rupiah exchange rate has negative influence to the export value which means that the depreciation of rupiah to dollar causes a decrease in the export value. The export price of Indonesia’s agricultural commodities have positive influence on the export value, however the tariff has no effect. The policy that can be suggested to the government is to provide support and encourage domestic producers to increase exports to India.
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B. Oluwatayo, Isaac, and Stephen M. Mantsho. "Budgetary allocation to agriculture in South Africa: an empirical review from 1994 to 2014." Problems and Perspectives in Management 14, no. 2 (June 6, 2016): 236–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.14(2-1).2016.13.
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The agricultural sector is no doubt one of the most important sectors in sub-Saharan Africa, considering its prime place as a livelihood source and employer of the vast majority of residents, especially those in rural areas. In South Africa, for instance, agriculture plays a very significant role despite its declining contributions to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) for some years now. This dwindling share of agriculture in the country’s GDP could be attributed to a number of factors ranging from changing government policies, declining budgetary allocation to the sector, and aging infrastructure and population growth. It is against this backdrop that a review of the effect of this downward slide in budgetary allocation on the development of the country is considered to be important
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Horváth, Szilárd. "The history and the present state of agricultural education in Hungary and its importance considering the number of students in agricultural studies." Review on Agriculture and Rural Development 6, no. 1-2 (July 11, 2018): 97–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/rard.2017.1-2.97-100.
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The contribution of agriculture to the GDP in Hungary is higher than the European average. Consequently, agriculture plays an important role in the Hungarian economy. However, the overall productivity of this sector is still a fraction of those in some Western European countries. According to some economists, this is due to the inadequate number of skilled manpower and the poor supply of agricultural professionals. It is often said, which has also been shown by a number of research studies, that agricultural credentials are not particularly appealing to young people due to the generally reputed low prestige attached to this field. In this paper, I investigate whether the number of participants in secondary level and higher level agricultural education has indeed been declining and how this trend relates to the demographic characteristics of Hungary. I intend to highlight whether the relatively low productivity of the agricultural sector can be rightfully explained, amongst other factors, by the low number of skilled workers and the insufficient supply of agriculture graduates.
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Wicki, Ludwik, Mykola Orlykovskyi, and Lesia Zaburanna. "Agriculture in Poland and Ukraine – Potential and Dynamics of Changes in Production." Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego 17(32), no. 4 (December 29, 2017): 326–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/prs.2017.17.4.108.
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The article attempts to compare the importance of agriculture and the dynamics of its development in Ukraine and Poland. The most important constraints on the development of Ukrainian agriculture were identified, including the unregulated land market, lack of coherent support programs for agriculture and rural areas, poorly developed infrastructure of the agricultural environment and lack of capital for development. It was found that agriculture in Ukraine is characterized by a high growth rate of productivity and production. The observed output gap in relation to agriculture in Poland is about 10 years. The agricultural sector in Ukraine has about 10% share in generating GDP and as much as 40% share in exports. Such high importance can be maintained even in the conditions of economic development, as there are large reserves in the development of agribusiness. The most important development factors include the introduction of a coherent program for the development of the agribusiness sector, including production of goods with high added value and increasing the availability of capital for the development of agriculture. A great opportunity is the development of trade in the conditions of affiliation with the EU.
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Stanojević, Jelena, Bojan Krstić, and Snežana Đekić. "An Analysis of the Labour Productivity of the Agricultural Sector in the Republic of Serbia." Economic Themes 53, no. 4 (December 1, 2015): 467–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ethemes-2015-0027.
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Abstract One of the main objectives pursued in agriculture as the primary sector in the economy is to increase the labour productivity. In order for this objective to be achieved, it is necessary to increase agricultural production, while at the same time preserve natural resources and the environment. If the creators of development policies are to formulate effective policies and strategies, adequate information relating to all vital determinants of productivity of agriculture is required. Therefore, the Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia annually prepares and publishes, among others, information on the value of agricultural production and the number of employees in agriculture. The aim of this paper is to examine the changes in the level of productivity of agriculture in the Republic of Serbia in the period from 2007 to 2013. It also analyses the impact of labour productivity in agriculture in the share of GDP that is realized in this sector of the national economy. Agricultural population, as one of the factors that affect productivity in agriculture is analysed in terms of education and employment. The aim is to quantify the level of productivity in agriculture, as well as to examine the interdependence between labour productivity and GDP in agriculture, in order to point to the critical determinants of productivity that require improvement. The methods used in this paper are: analysis method, synthesis method, comparison method, descriptive statistics, correlation and regression analysis. Research results show that Serbia has achieved an unenviable level of labour productivity in agriculture within the analysed period of time. Research in this study is useful for the creators and holders of the development policy for the future guidance of development policies and strategies of the agricultural sector in Serbia.
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Aguirre González, Medardo, Claudio Candia Campano, and Lilliam Antón López. "A Gravity Model of Trade for Nicaraguan Agricultural Exports." Cuadernos de Economía 37, no. 74 (July 1, 2018): 391–428. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/cuad.econ.v37n74.55016.
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This research aims to find the determining factors of Nicaraguan agricultural exports. To carry out this study, the author formulated a Gravity Model of Trade (GMT) and then made an estimation using a version of Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) that incorporates a consistent covariance matrix estimator to correct the heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation effects. The data considered observations over twenty years and for twelve countries: eight have signed a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with Nicaragua and four have not. The variables that significantly increased the flow of Nicaraguan agricultural exports are the following: Nicaragua’s trading partners’ population, Nicaragua’s Gross Domestic Product per capita (GDP pc), the Real Exchange Rate (RER), and Nicaragua’s trading partners’ GDP pc; however, the distance variable turned out to be significantly trade-inhibiting. Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) predominantly have significant effects.
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Yuanyuan, Cheng, and Wang Chonghu. "Empirical Research on the Influence Factors of Fresh Agricultural Products Circulation Ability and Regional Differences." International Journal of Economics and Finance 9, no. 7 (June 12, 2017): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijef.v9n7p147.
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This paper based on the related data to fresh agricultural products circulation ability of 14 cities in Hunan province, applying for the factor analysis model, in order to reveal the important factor and regional differences of fresh agricultural products circulation ability. The results suggest that: from the perspective of the overall of Hunan province, GDP and per GDPPC have the most influences on fresh agricultural products circulation ability; for the different areas of the circulation ability, the effect of the same factors is different; from the time level, the circulation capacity of fresh agricultural products in Hunan province showed a trend of increasing year by year. In terms of space, the different cities have the different the circulation ability of fresh agricultural products.
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Song, Rui, Jing Liu, and Kunyu Niu. "Agricultural Carbon Emissions Embodied in China’s Foreign Trade and Its Driving Factors." Sustainability 15, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 787. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15010787.
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Since the development of global trade, the involvement of agriculture in globalization has been increasing. Globalization and trade have led to the separation of production and consumption, triggering a worldwide relocation of agricultural carbon emissions (ACE). By linking a global ACE database to a global multi-regional input-output (MRIO) model, this paper calculates the ACE embodied in China’s foreign trade. Moreover, by using the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) decomposition method, it analyzes the impacts of embodied ACE intensity, trade scale, industrial structure, economic development and consumption levels, and population on China’s ACE. We found that the impact of globalization on China’s ACE is gradually increasing. China has shifted from a net ACE exporter (the net export volume in 1961 was 13.52 million tons) to a net ACE importer (the net import volume in 2016 was 40.35 million tons). By investigating the underlying mechanisms, we found that the dominant factor was the inhibitory effect of the decline in the embodied ACE intensity of China, contributing 73% to the increase in net import volume, followed by the expansion of trade and the decline in the proportion of agricultural output value in GDP, with contribution rates of 17 and 10%, respectively.
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Świerczyńska, Katarzyna, Filip Kaczmarek, and Łukasz Kryszak. "Political stability as a factor affecting growth in agricultural sub-Saharan African countries." Nierówności społeczne a wzrost gospodarczy 63, no. 3 (2020): 160–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.15584/nsawg.2020.3.7.
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The agricultural countries of sub-Saharan Africa remain the least economically advanced region of the world, with the relatively lowest quality of life. The agricultural sector plays a particularly important role in the economies of these countries. However, it is underdeveloped as a result of factors such as inadequate agricultural policy, institutional instability, chronic droughts, epidemics, deterioration of the environment, deteriorating infrastructure and insufficient investment in agricultural research in sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of the paper is to examine the impact of political stabilization on the economic growth in these countries. We were also inclined to determine what the interdependences were between political stability and factors important for agricultural activity for both agricultural and non-agricultural sub-Saharan counties in the 1995–2017 period. The methods used in this research included panel models with fixed effects, non-parametric tests and quantile regression. It was found that stabilizing the political situation and lowering the level of conflict risk contributed to the growth of GDP per capita in both agricultural and non-agricultural countries. However, in agricultural countries, it also influenced the modernization of agricultural production methods and a shift in the proportion of agricultural production in the total volume of imports and exports. Furthermore, it was found that political stability contributed to a greater extent to the improvement of GDP per capita in the lowest income countries.
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S, Dawood, and Basma K. S. "AFFECTING FACTORS OF AGRICULTURAL GDP VALUE IN IRAQ AND NEIGHBORING ARAB COUNTRIES DURING (1980-2010)." Mesopotamia Journal of Agriculture 46, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 11–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33899/magrj.2018.161412.
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Janda, K., and P. Zetek. "Macroeconomic factors influencing interest rates of microfinance institutions in the Latin America and the Caribbean." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 60, No. 4 (April 28, 2014): 159–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/62/2013-agricecon.
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Agricultural output in developing countries still represents a substantial part of the GDP. This ratio has actually increased in some areas such as the Latin America. As such, there is an increasing importance of microfinance institutions (MFIs) focusing on the activities associated with agriculture and encouraging entrepreneurship in agriculture and in the rural communities in general. The contribution of microfinance institutions consists mainly in providing special-purpose loans, usually without collateral. However, questions exist as to the magnitude and the adequate level of risk of providing micro-credit loans in relation to the interest rates being charged. We review two main approaches to setting interest rates in the MFIs. One approach takes the view that interest rates should be set at a high level due to the excessive risk that these institutions undertake. The second approach is to convince the public of the possibility of reducing these rates through cost savings, increased efficiency, and sharing best practice, etc. Subsequently we econometrically analyse the impact of macroeconomic factors on the microfinance interest rates in Latin America and the Caribbean. We show that these results depend on the chosen indicator of interest rate.
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Albetris, Albetris. "Kontribusi Sektor Pertanian dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Perekonomian Daerah Provinsi Jambi." J-MAS (Jurnal Manajemen dan Sains) 4, no. 1 (April 29, 2019): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/jmas.v4i1.76.
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The purpose of this research is to find out and analyze the large contribution of the agricultural sector to the economy of the regional province of Jambi and influence the agricultural sector against economic growth the province of Jambi. The object of the research is done in the agricultural sector, economic growth and GDP Jambi province. The data used in this research is the secondary data, this research are deskriptive quantitative, quantitative formulation can answer twist of the problem. The first results showed a contribution of the agricultural sector to the total GDP Jambi province for 13 years (in 2006 – the year 2018) that ranges from 25.12% to 27.44%, the greatest contribution took place in 2008, namely of 27.44% . Meanwhile, the contribution of the agricultural sector to the total GDP the lowest occurred in the year 2015, namely of 25.12%. the median contribution in sub sectors of the fishery towards the agricultural sector amounted to 26.19%. and the second results of the estimation of simple regression model shows a positive regression coefficient i.e. Y = 1.033 + 0340 X. This showing that the higher growth in the agricultural sector, it will spur economic growth in the province of Jambi 2005-2017 with the R-square of 99.10% with a confidence level significance alfa = 5%, that influence the agricultural sector very convincing. And 0.90% influenced by other factors.
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Trunova, Svetlana, Marcin Chciałowski, Paulina Stolarczyk, and Paulina Trębska. "AGRICULTURE AND ITS ROLE IN THE ECONOMY OF RUSSIA." Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists XIX, no. 1 (April 28, 2017): 182–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0009.8361.
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The main purpose of the article is to assess the share of agriculture in the national economy of Russia and the designation of the main factors determining the development of agriculture in this country. The importance of agriculture in the Russian economy is relatively small, which is a characteristic feature of developed economies (about 4% of GDP). However, agriculture represents a significant share in the structure of the employed – 9.2%. The use of agriculture as a food self-sufficiency has become essential after imposing embargo on imported products. Russia as a country has a large area of land. The surface of the used agricultural land after the fall in the 90s has stabilised at the level of 800 thous. km2. At the same time intensified agricultural production has resulted in increase of performance and larger crops. A significant potential of the land, as well as a progressive technological movement is an opportunity for the development of agriculture in Russia.
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Sheikh, Khalid Hameed, and Zafar Iqbal. "Determinants of the Declining Share of Agricultural Labour Force to Total Labour Force in Pakistan." Pakistan Development Review 27, no. 4II (December 1, 1988): 561–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v27i4iipp.561-565.
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The agricultural labour force in Pakistan has been increasing rapidly due to population growth as well as a declining mortality rate. However, the share of the agricultural labour force to total labour force has been decreasing. The objective of this paper is to search for the factors responsible for this decline. The period covered is from 1959•60 to 1986-87. The development process is characterised as one which brings about a fundamental change in the structure of an economy. In this process, labour is shifted from low productivity areas, such as agriculture, to high productivity areas, such as the manufacturing, construction and transport sectors. The share of value added of agriculture in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) has declined from 46 percent in 1959- 60 to 25 percent in 1986-87. Hence, the key determinant of declining share of agricultural labour force to total labour force (RA LF) appears to be some measure of economic development.
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Smagulova, Sholpan А., and Malika Akhmetova. "Management and Modeling of Processing Of Agricultural Products in Kazakhstan." International Journal of Health and Medicine 2, no. 2 (June 24, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24178/ijhm.2017.2.2.01.
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Abstract — The article is devoted to important aspects of the development of agro-industrial complex of Kazakhstan. The contribution of agriculture to GDP is still relatively low, averaging less than 5% in recent years. However, a positive trend is planned at the expense of state support for the development of this sector. The country has received insufficient development of the processing sector of food production. It is noted that this is due to a greater extent due to low domestic prices and advantageous terms of trade in foreign markets. The work carried out econometric modeling assessment of factors that have a significant importance for the development of agricultural product processing areas on the example of the light industry. Based on regression analysis revealed that the increase in the yield of major crops and the flow of investment will lead to increased production in agriculture. Revealed problems and provides recommendations to improve the organization of the processing industry of the agricultural sector.
Index Terms — Kazakhstan, processing of agricultural products, food security, light industry, cotton, investment, econometric modeling
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Sampaothong, Sonthaya, and Witsanu Attavanich. "Agricultural Production Factors and Their Effect on Agricultural Production and Carbon Emissions: Evidence from the Greater Mekong Subregion." Open Agriculture Journal 15, no. 1 (August 24, 2021): 75–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874331502115010075.
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Introduction: The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of agricultural production on economic output (agricultural production value) and the environment (carbon dioxide emissions) in Cambodia, Thailand, and Vietnam. These three countries, all located in the Mekong River region of Southeast Asia, are similar in terms of climate and agricultural potential, but the agricultural sector plays a different economic role in each of these three countries. While Thailand has had an export-oriented cash crop-based agricultural sector for decades, Cambodia and Vietnam continue to produce predominantly for domestic consumption. These differences have some implications for differences in economic productivity (output) and environmental effects (agricultural carbon emissions). Methods: This study investigates the effect of agricultural inputs, including the use of fertilisers, pesticide, agricultural land, irrigation, and agricultural employment, along with the rural population, GDP growth, exchange rates, and producer price indices, on agricultural output value and emissions using time series AR(1) analysis. Results: The results show different patterns for Thailand in comparison to Cambodia and Vietnam. Conclusion: This implies that no single agricultural policy can be used to promote agricultural growth in Mekong Delta countries.
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Prasetyo, A., Suswadi, and A. F. Aziez. "Deteminant factors to improve Indonesian cocoa performance." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 892, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/892/1/012073.
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Abstract Encouraging the growth of Indonesia’s agricultural sector is important for improving the export performance of Indonesia’s leading commodities. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of the IDR exchange rate and the shock of the determinants of cocoa exports on the growth of Indonesian cocoa exports. The research was conducted using time series data from 1969-2017. This study uses the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). The analysis showed that the data is stationary at the first difference. The causality test shows that cocoa production, IDR exchange rate, GDP affect the growth of Indonesian cocoa exports, but world cocoa prices have no effect on cocoa exports. The results of the impulse response factor (IRF) analysis show that the response of cocoa exports to changes in the exchange rate is more volatile when compared to the response of production, GDP, and world cocoa prices to Indonesian cocoa exports. Analysis of variance decomposition shows that the contribution of the IDR exchange rate to export growth is greater than the contribution of world cocoa prices, GDP, and production at the beginning of exports, however over time the influence of the IDR exchange rate will decrease and it is the number of production factors that will affect Indonesia’s cocoa exports. Indonesia needs to increase production by maintaining the quality of cocoa according to export needs considering the demand for cocoa that will continue to increase. Bilateral or multilateral cooperation is needed to strengthen cocoa export cooperation with major importing.
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Fujimori, Shinichiro, Toshichika Iizumi, Tomoko Hasegawa, Jun’ya Takakura, Kiyoshi Takahashi, and Yasuaki Hijioka. "Macroeconomic Impacts of Climate Change Driven by Changes in Crop Yields." Sustainability 10, no. 10 (October 14, 2018): 3673. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10103673.
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Changes in agricultural yields due to climate change will affect land use, agricultural production volume, and food prices as well as macroeconomic indicators, such as GDP, which is important as it enables one to compare climate change impacts across multiple sectors. This study considered five key uncertainty factors and estimated macroeconomic impacts due to crop yield changes using a novel integrated assessment framework. The five factors are (1) land-use change (or yield aggregation method based on spatially explicit information), (2) the amplitude of the CO2 fertilization effect, (3) the use of different climate models, (4) socioeconomic assumptions and (5) the level of mitigation stringency. We found that their global impacts on the macroeconomic indicator value were 0.02–0.06% of GDP in 2100. However, the impacts on the agricultural sector varied greatly by socioeconomic assumption. The relative contributions of these factors to the total uncertainty in the projected macroeconomic indicator value were greater in a pessimistic world scenario characterized by a large population size, low income, and low yield development than in an optimistic scenario characterized by a small population size, high income, and high yield development (0.00%).
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Juana, James S., Kenneth M. Strzepek, and Johann F. Kirsten. "Market efficiency and welfare effects of inter-sectoral water allocation in South Africa." Water Policy 13, no. 2 (October 20, 2010): 220–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2010.096.
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The need for increased agricultural production to meet the growing demand for food, coupled with concerns for environmental sustainability, economic growth and poverty reduction has increased demand on the already scarce water in South Africa. At the same time, because of agriculture's minimal contribution, compared to the industrial and mining sectors, to South Africa's GDP and employment, the call to reallocate water from agriculture to non-agricultural use has been intensified. This study updates the 1998 Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) for South Africa and uses the computable general equilibrium model to analyze the impact of water reallocation from agriculture to the non-agricultural sectors on output growth, value added at factor cost, which captures the payments from the production sectors to the factors of production, and households' welfare. Using different water reallocation scenarios, the simulation results indicate that water reallocation from agriculture to non-agricultural sectors beyond the level of a market allocation scenario will lead to a decline in sectoral output and a significant deterioration in the welfare of poor households. It thus undermines development efforts aimed at reducing the existing level of poverty in the country.
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Ghafoor, Abdul, Khalid Mushtaq, and Abedullah Abedullah. "The Export Supply Response of Mangoes: A Cointegration and Causality Analysis." LAHORE JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS 18, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 93–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.35536/lje.2013.v18.i1.a5.
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This paper analyzes the impact of major factors on the export of mangoes from Pakistan. We use a cointegration approach and error correction mechanism applied to data for the period 1970–2005. Mango exports are regressed against the index of relative prices of mango exports (2000 = 100), the quantity of domestic mango production, real agricultural gross domestic product (GDP), the length of all-weather roads, and international standardization, i.e., the impact of the World Trade Organization agreement. The results of the augmented Dickey-Fuller test reveal that all the data series are I(1). Applying Johansen’s test shows that the highest elasticity coefficients are found for mango production in the short and long run, followed by real agricultural GDP. The Granger causality test points to the bi-directional causality of mango exports with the relative price index and allweather roads, and unidirectional causality with real agricultural GDP and mango production. The study recommends promoting proper orchard management, developing the appropriate infrastructure, and stabilizing export prices to increase mango exports from Pakistan.
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Fatwa, Ridho, Srinita Srinita, and Muhammad Abrar. "The Effect of the Agriculture Sector on Poverty in Aceh Province." International Journal of Quantitative Research and Modeling 3, no. 2 (June 2, 2022): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.46336/ijqrm.v3i2.275.
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This study aims to analyze the influence of the agricultural sector on poverty in Aceh Province. In this study, the variables used in influencing the poverty level in Aceh Province are the share of Gross domestic product (GDP) in the agricultural sector, labor in the agricultural sector, agricultural land, Farmer Education and Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) per capita. The regression model used in this study is the method of multiple linear regression analysis (ordinary least squares regression analysis) using panel data and a fixed effect approach (fixed effect model) to determine the effect between variables. The results of this study are based on a simultaneous test (Test F) which shows that overall, the independent variables (share of GDP in the agricultural sector, labor in the agricultural sector, agricultural land, Farmer Education and GRDP per capita together show their effect on the poverty level. The results of the study based on a partial test (t test) showed that the share of the agricultural sector GRDP and the GDP per capita variable had a negative and significant effect on poverty and agricultural sector labor had a positive and significant effect on poverty, while the variables of agricultural land and farmer education negative effect, but not significant. The value of Adjusted R-squared in this study is 0.868629. This shows that the 86.86 percent change in the dependent variable, namely the Poverty of Aceh Province, can be explained by the independent variable, namely Share of Agricultural GRDP, Agricultural Manpower, Agricultural Land, Farmer Education and Per Capita GRDP. While the remaining 13.14% is explained by other factors outside the model.
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Rutkauskas, Virgilijus, and Laura Gudauskaitė. "Explaining The Changes of Agriculture Land Prices In Lithuania." Ekonomika 97, no. 1 (July 3, 2018): 63–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/ekon.2018.1.11779.
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This article investigates the recent changes of agricultural land prices in Lithuania and quantitively assesses the most important factors affecting it. Land is one of the main scarce resources and it distinguishes itself among others by the inelasticity of price change to quantity, meaning that the changes in land prices are affected by demand and in very limited extend by supply. Taking this into account, it is important – from the practical as well as the theoretical points of view – to know these factors and, if needed, take regulatory measures. As the case of Lithuania suggests, the recent rapid growth of land prices is mainly driven by general economic performance (GDP), EU and national financial support provided to the Lithuanian agriculture sector and the regulation of agriculture food prices (the setting of purchase prices).
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Sonko, Yuliia, Iryna Lazebna, and Larysa Lebedeva. "Material production and GDP in Ukraine: theoretical concept and financial assessment." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 15, no. 2 (April 27, 2018): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.15(2).2018.05.
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The article considers the relevant problems concerning the correlation between the development of priority economic sectors and sustainable economic growth in Ukraine. The assumption is made that development at the macroeconomic level can only be achieved when the positive dynamics of material production sectors is observed. The resource potential of Ukraine allows to distinguish two main sectors: agriculture and industry.Many scholars have repeatedly considered ways of achieving positive economic dynamics at the level of the national economy. But despite the existing research on the problems of economic growth, its’ financial assessment and modelling, as well as the dominant factors of influence, remain unsolved. The aim of the article is to identify the factors of economic growth and assess their influence on the overall economic dynamics within two main material production sectors of Ukraine: industry and agriculture. In order to achieve this, the influence factor model of economic growth has been composed, where GDP growth was selected as a result indicator. The choice of influencing factors is substantiated by: quantity of goods and services sold, number of employees in the industry, investments, fixed assets value and the consumer price index. The most influential factors that significantly impact the overall economic dynamics have been revealed in the article.
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Zhang, Jianying, and Xuebin Feng. "Optimal Matching Metaheuristic Algorithm for Potential Areas of Agricultural Economic Resources Development Based on Spatial Relationship." Journal of Food Quality 2022 (March 23, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9301098.
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The agriculture sector is the backbone of the economies of many Asian countries such as India, China, and Bangladesh. The agriculture sector can contribute a major share to the GDP of such countries where the main occupation of the citizens is agriculture or the dependency of the citizens is mainly on the agricultural productivity. It is important to study the potential areas of agricultural economic resource development. The existing methods are not efficient enough to map the potential areas of agricultural productivity with economic resource development, and hence, it has motivated us to study the aspects which impact the economic resource development based on agricultural productivity. There are numerous factors such as low productivity, high irrigation amount, high labor charges, low proportion of planning optimization, and low crop yield that should be considered to study the correlation between economic development and agricultural productivity. Firstly, the spatial relationship of potential areas of agricultural economic resources development is analyzed in this paper. Secondly, the multiobjective linear programming model is proposed. Based on this multiobjective model, the optimal matching model for potential areas of agricultural economic resource development is constructed, and the improved genetic algorithm is used to solve the model to realize the optimal matching of potential areas of agricultural productivity and economic resource development. The experimental results show that the proposed method has high economic benefit, low irrigation amount, and high proportion of planning optimization with high crop yield.
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Coronado, Francisco, Vincent Charles, and Rocky J. Dwyer. "Measuring regional competitiveness through agricultural indices of productivity." World Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development 13, no. 2 (May 8, 2017): 78–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wjemsd-06-2016-0031.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to incorporate factors that characterize the agricultural activity as productivity indices to compute the agricultural competitiveness of regions in order to rank the regions, and compare the results with those obtained by applying other commonly used social and economic indicators. Design/methodology/approach The authors identify regional factors related to the use of water, soil, production, revenues, and rural population, which conform a total of six productivity indices, that the authors then employ to calculate the regional agricultural competitiveness index. Findings The agricultural-related indices are informative in supporting the regional ranking related to resources and technology utilization. The results reveal that the coastal regions are the most competitive when compared to the regions located in the highlands and the jungle. Nevertheless, in contrast with other existing competitiveness rankings, the present study identifies the regions with the greatest potential for agriculture. Research limitations/implications The authors identify the regions which have a higher potential of development considering the natural resources and agricultural production. The authors hope that this paper can assist regional and national policymakers in their endeavor to improve regional and national competitiveness. Practical implications The authors identify the regions with a higher potential of development considering natural resources and agricultural production and the possibilities to improve their competitiveness. Social implications The study also bears social implications, given that the rural activities in Peru are carried out by approx. 7 million inhabitants, whose contribution to the gross domestic product (GDP) is as much as 7 percent, making use of about 94 percent of the available water. Originality/value The originality of the present paper resides in the attempt to compute a regional competitiveness index by taking agricultural resources as determinant factors. The authors rank the regions based on their agricultural competitiveness.
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Szabó, L., and Zsarnóczai JS. "Economic conditions of Hungarian agricultural producers in 1990s." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 50, No. 6 (February 24, 2012): 249–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5198-agricecon.
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The main aims of this study are to describe how much the economic role of agriculture decreased, and this decrease comes mainly from some economic difficulties, for example weak income position of producers based on weak capital accumulation. So agricultural producers need financial supports to improve their production and favourable credit conditions. In 1990s during the last decade, the role of agriculture in the national economy decreased, which contributed to its decreasing share in GDP and real value of agricultural GDP. In 2001, in spite of the fact that the plant production considerably increased and the animal husbandry stagnated, the whole agricultural production volume was by 20 percent under its level of 1989. Finally by the end of 2001, the share of agriculture declined to 4 percent of GDP and together with food industry, their share was about 7 percent. The agricultural scissors increased considerably, namely from 126.5 percent in 1992 to 138.4 percent in 2001.The income conditions made a significant influence on the capacity of the agricultural sector in fields of investments and accumulation. The main problem was the decline of real value of investments. For example the real value of investments in 2001 had not implemented half of investments realised in 1989. This situation showed the low level of technological and technical development in the agricultural sector during a longer period, than a decade. It was important to increase different kinds of supports for agricultural producers, for example: export subsidies, interests of credits, supports for establishing new farmland structure. The share of supports for agricultural production and food industry was 12–14 percent of the two sectors’ GDP in 1990s. The development of the main factors of agricultural incomes was determined by index calculations based on the data of the APEH (Hungarian Tax and Financial Supervising Office) and EAA (Economic Accounts for Agriculture). The supports are needed, which are as follows: based on the APEH data, the profit before tax of 23 billion HUF in 1997 decreased to the loss-level of 8 billion HUF by the end of 1990s. The main aim for agricultural producers was to increase their capital accumulation to implement improvement of production in order to be competitive on the world and domestic markets. There is a difficulty that at the end of 1990s, only about 30 percent of the supports was directly provided for agricultural producers. In Hungary, without taxes and other different deprivals, the current value of production supports was over the level of incomes obtained in agricultural sector, but according to the calculation methods of the OECD, the value of PSE (PSE= Producer Support Estimate) index was at a very low level and it had a decreasing tendency, which could not ensure enough income for agricultural producers in Hungary. So the development of agricultural production cannot be realised additionally to the unfavourable background conditions for the sector. Comparing the support structure experienced in the OECD with that in Hungary, it can be declared, that within the PSE (Producer Support Estimate) during 1997–2000, the MPS (Market Price Support) declined, similarly it was in Hungary. In the OECD, the 8–9 percent share of payments based on input use has remained at same level within the PSE. The subsidy based on input use in Hungary was a main element within the overall subsidy system, and its proportion within the producer subsidy increased from 9 percent to 27 percent during the same period. The payment based on the regulation on input use (environment friendly production) also decreased and shared 2 percent within producer subsidies. In the OECD, payments based on farming income totalled only 1 percent of the total producer subsidies, as well as it was experienced in Hungary. Hungarian market price subsidies by products reveal that milk, eggs and poultry enjoyed a high Market Price Support. On the other hand, Market Price Support to beef cattle remained low.
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Juračak, Josip, and Dario Vukalović. "Recent trends in the Croatian agricultural business sector." Applied Studies in Agribusiness and Commerce 7, no. 2-3 (September 30, 2013): 109–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.19041/apstract/2013/2-3/18.
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The purpose of this paper is to explore recent trends in the Croatian agriculture and forestry business sector and compare it with the Croatian economy as a whole. This topic is considered interesting because recent business years have been heavily influenced by the global financial crisis. Many authors would say that agriculture, as a specific branch of the economy, does not follow general trends, but is affected rather by other factors, especially such as environmental ones. The global financial crisis had the most negative impact on the Croatian economy in the 2008/2009 period, when the GDP growth rate tumbled from 2.4% to -5.8%. Although some positive movements have been recorded since 2009, a recession is still going on. Based on information from the National Financial Agency (FINA) database we found that during the period 2007-2011, agricultural firms experienced the same trends as the whole economy, except in terms of average monthly salaries and employment. However, due to the impact of / on? agricultural products prices and yields, in two year period from 2008 to 2010, agricultural firms recorded an almost linear fall in revenues, while the national business sector on the whole experienced a sharp fall in revenues in 2009 and then only a modest fall in 2010.
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Deryugina, I. V. "Regional Uneven Development of Agriculture in the World Economy at the Beginning of the XXI Century." Voprosy statistiki 27, no. 5 (October 26, 2020): 114–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.34023/2313-6383-2020-27-5-114-129.
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The paper is devoted to one of the most acute problems in the world economy - regional uneven development of agriculture. The author determined the system of indicators that describe the uneven distribution of agricultural production between different regions of the world, studied the factors of efficiency of agricultural production - labor productivity, land productivity, capital productivity (capital return). The article demonstrates further consolidation of the trend of the second half of the XX century that manifested in the redistribution of agricultural production from North America and Europe to Asia, Africa, and Australia. The GDP created in agriculture in Asia already exceeded other regions of the world in 2000, and by 2017 the gap was even wider. Africa, having surpassed Europe in this indicator, ranked second in the world. The unevenness of economic growth in world agriculture manifested itself in the disproportions between the factors of efficiency of agricultural production - labor productivity and land productivity. Labor productivity was lowest in Asia and Africa, and the highest in Australia. Land productivity was characterized by diametrically opposite dynamics: the highest values were achieved in Asia, and the lowest - in Australia. The paper explains the disparity between labor productivity and land productivity by various technological modes of production (TMP) that have historically developed in agriculture in the East and West: land-saving TMP - in the East, and labor-saving TMP - in the West. The influence of informal institutions operating in traditional rural societies on the uneven development of agriculture is also studied. The disproportions in the development of the livestock sector of agricultural production, affecting the regional uneven development of the agricultural economy, are considered. The main forms and methods of organization of the livestock sector - from high-intensity to traditional - are analyzed. Special attention is paid to nomadic cattle breeding, which is currently preserved in various forms in 50 countries of the world. It is considered as a special nomad production mode. The article concludes that there is a need for a multipronged approach to conducting an international comparative analysis of capital productivity (index of capital return) in the agricultural sector of the economy that takes into account capital-labor ration a large-scale increase in labor productivity - a strategically important factor of economic growth in any country in the world.
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Simanullang, Endang, Dedi Hakim, Yusman Syaukat, and Widyastutik Widyastutik. "Import of Agricultural Products in the Intra-Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP)." HABITAT 33, no. 3 (December 1, 2022): 241–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.habitat.2022.033.3.24.
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The flow of agricultural products through imports has the potential to increase with the geographical conditions of adjacent RCEP countries. Economic and non-economic factors can affect imports of agricultural products. This study aims to analyze the spatial effect and the factors that influence the import of agricultural products in Intra RCEP. This study uses a data period from 2013-2019. The analytical method used in this research is Moran's global index, Local Indicator of Spatial Autocorrelation (LISA), and Geographically Weighted Panel Regression (GWPR). The results show a spatial effect of imports of agricultural products in intra-RCEP. China, Japan, and South Korea are countries that are geographically concentrated in importing agricultural products within the intra-RCEP. The factors that significantly affect the total value of imports of agricultural products are GDP per capita, trade openness, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), and government effectiveness. The policy recommendations in this study are implementing the RCEP agreement in the long term, open market access, encouraging increased investment in the agricultural sector, and an efficient bureaucracy.
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Amjed, Sohail, Iqtidar Ali Shah, and Adnan Riaz. "Investigating the Interactive Role of Demand Side Factors Potentially Responsible for Energy Crisis in Pakistan." International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy 12, no. 3 (May 18, 2022): 236–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.12930.
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This paper attempts to investigate the dynamic relationship among Energy Consumption (E), Financial System Development (F), Industrailization (I), Agriculture Development (A) and Economic Growth (Y) in case of Pakistan for the period 1971-2018 by using cointegration approach. After confirming the level of stationarity, the presence of long run relationship among the series was tested through newly developed combined cointegration approach in addition to ARDL bound testing with structural break dummy. The short run and long run parameter coefficients were estimated by unrestricted error correction model (UECM) because all the series are found stationary at 1st difference I(1) and sufficient evidence of cointegration. Finally, the direction of causality among the considered variables was achieved through Granger causality test within the framework of VECM. The long run parameter coefficient estimates by UECM indicate that financial development, industrialization, economic growth and decrease in agricultural contribution to GDP induce electricity consumption in Pakistan. We also found that a long-run unidirectional causality is running from the economic growth to electricity consumption which favors the electricity conservation hypothesis in case of Pakistan. The causality running from the electricity consumption to agriculture output coupled with negative parameter coefficient value suggests that electric power deficit is responsible for hampering the agricultural growth in Pakistan. The study suggests that electricity conservation policy in addition to prudent rationing of electric power among the various sectors may greatly contribute to minimize the adverse effects of energy crisis in Pakistan.
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Zhong, Xue, Xiaohui Jiang, Leilei Li, Jing Xu, and Huanyu Xu. "The Impact of Socio-Economic Factors on Sediment Load: A Case Study of the Yanhe River Watershed." Sustainability 12, no. 6 (March 20, 2020): 2457. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12062457.
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Under the influence of climate change and human activities, sediment load in rivers has changed significantly, which has a profound impact on the stability of ecosystems and the sustainable development of human beings. Taking the Yanhe River watershed as a case, this paper expounds the dynamic relationship among the Grain for Green Project, social and economic development, population migration, and sediment transport. The variability of sediment load was detected by Pettitt test, the double cumulative curve method, and the regression analysis method, and the effects of climate and human activities on sediment load were quantitatively analyzed. The results showed that 1) from 1956 to 2016, the precipitation of Yanhe River watershed rose slightly in the past 10 years, but the sediment load decreased significantly; 1996 was identified as the catastrophic year of the study period, when the contribution of climate change and human activity to reduced sediment load was 14.1% and 85.9%, respectively. 2) The Grain for Green Project increased the vegetation coverage of the study area from 40.6% to 78.5%. 3) The proportion of agricultural GDP in total GDP decreased from 52.26% to 7.3%, and the proportion of agricultural GDP was positively correlated with sediment transport and cultivated land area (p < 0.01). 4) Population migration resulted in the urbanization rate reaching 40.23%, and the urbanization rate is negatively correlated with sediment load and cultivated land area (p < 0.01), while the cultivated land area is positively correlated with sediment load (p < 0.01). The decrease of cultivated land area makes the sediment load gradually decrease. Therefore, socio-economic factors promote the sustainable development of the river basin.