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Journal articles on the topic "Agricultural chemicals South Australia"
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Collins, David J., and Ian D. Rae. "R. W. E. MacIvor: Late-nineteenth-century Advocate for Scientific Agriculture in South-eastern Australia." Historical Records of Australian Science 19, no. 2 (2008): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hr08007.
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Ralph Waldo Emerson MacIvor, a Scottish chemist, was brought to Victoria in 1876 by the prominent landowner W. J. Clarke to lecture to farmers on scientific agriculture. MacIvor lectured frequently over the next few years, joining in agricultural politics and supporting the establishment of agricultural colleges. He also lectured in South Australia and New Zealand. His lectures were fully reported in the press and in 1879 he incorporated their content in a book, The Chemistry of Agriculture. He was one of the unsuccessful applicants for the University of Melbourne's chair of chemistry to which David Orme Masson was appointed in 1886. In 1884, MacIvor was appointed by the new Sydney Technical College to lecture in country districts on scientific agriculture, but served for less than a year. He returned to Britain where he practised in London as a consulting analytical chemist. MacIvor came with experience in original chemical research, but he was not brought to Australia to conduct research in agricultural chemistry. His role was to act as instructor and advocate for scientific agriculture.
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Bolan, NS, RE White, and MJ Hedley. "A review of the use of phosphate rocks as fertilizers for direct application in Australia and New Zealand." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 30, no. 2 (1990): 297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9900297.
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Field trials in New Zealand have shown that reactive phosphate rocks (RPRs) can be as effective as soluble P fertilisers, per kg of P applied, on permanent pastures that have a soil pH<6.0 (in water) and a mean annual rainfall >800 mm. Whereas RPRs such as North Carolina, Sechura, Gafsa and Chatham Rise have been evaluated on permanent pastures in New Zealand, most Australian field trials have examined unreactive PRs such as Christmas Island A and C grade, Nauru and Duchess, using annual plant species. Only in recent experiments has an RPR, North Carolina, been examined. Except on the highly leached sands in southern and south-western Australia, both reactive and unreactive PRs have shown a low effectiveness relative to superphosphate. In addition to chemical reactivity, other factors may contribute to the difference in the observed agronomic effectiveness of PRs in Australia and New Zealand. Generally, PRs have been evaluated on soils of lower pH, higher pH buffering capacity (as measured by titratable acidity) and higher P status in New Zealand than in Australia. Rainfall is more evenly distributed throughout the year on New Zealand pastures than in Australia where the soil surface dries out between rainfall events. Dry conditions reduce the rate at which soil acid diffuses to a PR granule and dissolution products diffuse away. Even when pH and soil moisture are favourable, the release of P from PR is slow and more suited to permanent pasture (i.e. the conditions usually used to evaluate PRs in New Zealand) than to the annual pastures or crops used in most Australian trials. Based on the criteria of soil pH<6.0 and mean annual rainfall >800 mm, it is estimated that the potentially suitable area for RPRs on pasture in New Zealand is about 8 million ha. Extending this analysis to Australia, but excluding the seasonal rainfall areas of northern and south-western Australia, the potentially suitable area is about 13 million ha. In New Zealand, many of the soils in the North and South Islands satisfy both the pH and rainfall criteria. However, suitable areas in Australia are confined mainly to the coastal and tableland areas of New South Wales and eastern Victoria, and within these areas the actual effectiveness of RPR will depend markedly on soil management and the distribution of annual rainfall. Further research on RPR use should be focused on these areas.
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Seymour, M. "Response of narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) to foliar application of growth regulators in Western Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 36, no. 4 (1996): 473. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9960473.
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Four experiments were conducted during 1991-93 in the south coastal and lakes regions of Western Australia, to test the hypothesis that foliar application of a range of growth regulators will improve the pod set and seed yield of narrow-leafed lupins (Lupinus angustifolius L.). The chemicals tested (not all in any 1 year) were: Cultar (250 g paclobutrazol/L), Pursuit (240 g imazethapyr/L), Cytokinin (21 g 6-benzyladenine/L), Legumex (400 g 2,4-DB/L), Cytolin (20 g gibberellins A4 and A7/L and 20 g 6-benzyladenine/L), Bladex (500 g cyanizine/L), Diuron 500F (500 g diuron/L), Lexone (750 g Metribuzin/kg), NAA (40 g 1-napthalene acetic acid/L), Pix (38 g mepiquat chloride/L), Gesatop 500 (500 g simazine/L), High Yield (unknown active ingredient), Lontrel (300 g clopyralid/L), a Cultar-Lontrel mix, and a Lexone-Brodal(500 g diflufenicad) mix. Chemicals were applied from as early as 6 weeks before flowering on the main stem to as late as flowering on the 1st-order branches. Any gross physical effects were visually assessed. Canopy height and components of yield were measured at some of the experimental sites. In 2 experiments, no chemical had any significant effect on seed yield (P>0.05). At the 2 remaining sites, Cultar, Lontrel, and the Lexone-Brodal mix increased seed yield of lupins by 230-250 kg/ha. Seed yield increases were related to improvements in pod set. No chemical had any significant effect (P>0.05) on dry weight production. Timing of application was critical, with application 6 weeks before flowering giving the most consistent positive responses.
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Hoffmann, Ary A., Andrew R. Weeks, Michael A. Nash, G. Peter Mangano, and Paul A. Umina. "The changing status of invertebrate pests and the future of pest management in the Australian grains industry." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 48, no. 12 (2008): 1481. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea08185.
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The Australian grains industry is dealing with a shifting complex of invertebrate pests due to evolving management practices and climate change as indicated by an assessment of pest reports over the last 20–30 years. A comparison of pest outbreak reports from the early 1980s to 2006–07 from south-eastern Australia highlights a decrease in the importance of pea weevils and armyworms, while the lucerne flea, Balaustium mites, blue oat mites and Bryobia mites have increased in prominence. In Western Australia, where detailed outbreak records are available from the mid 1990s, the relative incidence of armyworms, aphids and vegetable weevils has recently decreased, while the incidence of pasture cockchafers, Balaustium mites, blue oat mites, redlegged earth mites, the lucerne flea and snails has increased. These changes are the result of several possible drivers. Patterns of pesticide use, farm management responses and changing cropping patterns are likely to have contributed to these shifts. Drier conditions, exacerbated by climate change, have potentially reduced the build-up of migratory species from inland Australia and increased the adoption rate of minimum and no-tillage systems in order to retain soil moisture. The latter has been accompanied by increased pesticide use, accelerating selection pressures for resistance. Other control options will become available once there is an understanding of interactions between pests and beneficial species within a landscape context and a wider choice of ‘softer’ chemicals. Future climate change will directly and indirectly influence pest distributions and outbreaks as well as the potential effectiveness of endemic natural enemies. Genetically modified crops provide new options for control but also present challenges as new pest species are likely to emerge.
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Cox, J. W., D. J. Chittleborough, H. J. Brown, A. Pitman, and J. C. R. Varcoe. "Seasonal changes in hydrochemistry along a toposequence of texture-contrast soils." Soil Research 40, no. 4 (2002): 581. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr01042.
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Ameliorative strategies are urgently required in some agricultural catchments in southern Australia to reduce the loss of potential contaminants to streams. However, a better understanding of where the contaminants are generated on hillslopes, their forms, and the pathways through which they are transported were required. Thus, seasonal changes in the quantities and forms of several chemical species were measured in both vertical and lateral flow pathways at 4 sites along a toposequence in the Mt Lofty Ranges, South Australia. Instrumentation was installed to measure and quantify overland flow and throughflow, and porous-wick samplers were installed at 2 depths to study the chemistry of leachate. Neutron moisture meter access tubes were installed to measure seasonal changes in soil water content with depth as this influences chemical concentrations and mobility. In years of average to below average annual rainfall, throughflow was the most important transport pathway for contaminants. However, it was expected that overland flow will be the dominant transport pathway when annual rainfall is above about 550 mm. Changes in water content of the texture-contrast soils was caused by seasonal rainfall causing periodic saturation, by waterlogging, groundwater, or both. This affected the type and form of contaminant. For example, Na and Cl concentrations were generally only large (800 and 1500 mg/L, respectively) on the lower slopes but in the wettest seasons their concentrations increased at depth on mid-slopes due to the influence of shallow saline groundwater. These chemicals then leached when groundwater levels subsided. The results suggest that ameliorative strategies to reduce agricultural contaminants should target the transport pathways specific to each chemical species, at the point (or points) in the landscape where they are generated.
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Dillard, HR, TJ Wicks, and B. Philp. "A grower survey of diseases, invertebrate pests, and pesticide use on potatoes grown in South Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 33, no. 5 (1993): 653. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9930653.
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In 1991, a survey was distributed to 251 potato growers in South Australia to determine major diseases, insect and other invertebrate pests, and chemicals used to control them. The overall response rate was 48%, but of these, 24 individuals were no longer growing potatoes. The results were summarised for the State and by district (Adelaide Hills, Adelaide Plains, Murray Lands, South East). The most prevalent diseases encountered by respondents in all districts were target spot caused by Alternaria solani, and rhizoctonia canker caused by Rhizoctonia solani. Other diseases of concern to growers included late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans, seed piece decay caused by various pathogenic and saprophytic microorganisms, common scab caused by Streptomyces scabies, and leaf roll caused by potato leaf roll virus. The most commonly used fungicides for disease control were chlorothalonil (33-42% of respondents), mancozeb (30%), and cupric hydroxide (11-13%). The most commonly used seed treatments for control of seed piece decay were mancozeb (51 % of respondents), tolclofos methyl (24%), and lime (20%). Green peach aphid (Myzus persicae), potato aphid (Macrosiphum euphorbiae), potato moth (Phthorimaea operculella), and jassids and leafhoppers (Jassidae, Cicadellidae) were the pests of greatest concern to the growers. Others included Rutherglen bug (Nysius vinitor), redlegged earth mite (Halotydeus destructor), and thrips (Thripidae). The most commonly used insecticides were ethamidophos (40% of respondents), monocrotophos (22-28%), and dimethoate (7-13%).
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Choct, M., R. J. Hughes, and G. Annison. "Apparent metabolisable energy and chemical composition of Australian wheat in relation to environmental factors." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 50, no. 4 (1999): 447. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/a98155.
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A total of 81 wheats collected from New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, Queensland, and Western Australia over 3 harvests were assayed for apparent metabolisable energy (AME) in broiler chickens. The non-starch polysaccharides (soluble and insoluble) and their individual sugar components, starch, and protein were also determined. The nutritive quality of wheat varied significantly (P < 0.01), especially at time of harvest, with approximately 40% having an average AME value <13 MJ/kg dry matter. The low-AME wheats usually caused copious quantities of watery and sticky droppings. The occurrence of low-AME wheats was associated more with climatic conditions during growth than with geographical region.
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Kleemann, DO, RW Ponzoni, JE Stafford, and RJ Grimson. "Carcass composition of the South Australian Merino and its crosses with the Booroola and Trangie Fertility Merino." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 28, no. 2 (1988): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9880167.
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South Australian medium-wool (M), non- Peppin medium-wool Booroola (B) and Peppin medium-wool Trangie Fertility (TF) Merino rams were joined to M ewes at Turretfield Research Centre, South Australia, in 2 years. Carcass composition was assessed in the ewe and wether progeny at 2 mean slaughter liveweights, viz. 24 and 38 kg. When adjusted to the same carcass weight, B x M had 13% more carcass chemical fat, 15% more subcutaneous fat, 6% less bone and the same lean tissue as M. The same result was observed for TF x M in relation to M in year 2. However, TF x M had more lean and the same amount of subcutaneous and chemical fat as M in year 1. Within the Booroola strain, there were no differences between offspring from 3 sires with genotype FF and the 1 sire with + + for any of 5 variables analysed. We conclude that crossing the Booroola with the South Australian Merino produces carcasses with the same amount of lean tissue, less bone and more fat when compared at the same carcass weight. The rank of TF x M with the other strains for the major carcass components remains obscure owing to a strain x year interaction.
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Adcock, D., A. M. McNeill, G. K. McDonald, and R. D. Armstrong. "Subsoil constraints to crop production on neutral and alkaline soils in south-eastern Australia: a review of current knowledge and management strategies." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 47, no. 11 (2007): 1245. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea06250.
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Crop yield variability and productivity below potential yield on neutral and alkaline soils in the semiarid Mediterranean-type environments of south-eastern Australia have been attributed, in part, to variable rooting depth and incomplete soil water extraction caused by physical and chemical characteristics of soil horizons below the surface. In this review these characteristics are referred to as subsoil constraints. This document reviews current information concerning subsoil constraints typical of neutral and alkaline soils in south-eastern Australia, principally salinity, sodicity, dense soils with high penetration resistance, waterlogging, nutrient deficiencies and ion toxicities. The review focuses on information from Australia (published and unpublished), using overseas data only where no suitable Australian data is available. An assessment of the effectiveness of current management options to address subsoil constraints is provided. These options are broadly grouped into three categories: (i) amelioration strategies, such as deep ripping, gypsum application or the use of polyacrylamides to reduce sodicity and/or bulk density, deep placement of nutrients or organic matter to overcome subsoil nutrient deficiencies or the growing of ‘primer’ crops to naturally ameliorate the soil; (ii) breeding initiatives for increased crop tolerance to toxicities such as salt and boron; and (iii) avoidance through appropriate agronomic or agro-engineering solutions. The review highlights difficulties associated with identifying the impact of any single subsoil constraint to crop production on neutral and alkaline soils in south-eastern Australia, given that multiple constraints may be present. Difficulty in clearly ranking the relative effect of particular subsoil constraints on crop production (either between constraints or in relation to other edaphic and biological factors) limits current ability to develop targeted solutions designed to overcome these constraints. Furthermore, it is recognised that the task is complicated by spatial and temporal variability of soil physicochemical properties and nutrient availability, as well as other factors such as disease and drought stress. Nevertheless, knowledge of the relative importance of particular subsoil constraints to crop production, and an assessment of impact on crop productivity, are deemed critical to the development of potential management solutions for these neutral to alkaline soils.
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Huett, D. O., A. P. George, J. M. Slack, and S. C. Morris. "Diagnostic leaf nutrient standards for low-chill peaches in subtropical Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 37, no. 1 (1997): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea96040.
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Summary. A leaf nutrient survey was conducted of the low-chill peach cultivars, Flordaprince (October maturing) and Flordagold (mid November–early December maturing) at 3 commercial sites in both northern New South Wales and southern Queensland. Recently mature leaves from the middle third of a current season’s fruiting lateral (spring flush) were sampled at stone hardening and 2-weeks postharvest and of a non-fruiting lateral at maturity of the summer flush (after summer pruning) during the 1992–93 and 1993–94 seasons. At an additional site in New South Wales (Alstonville), leaf nutrient concentrations were also determined on cv. Flordagem (early November maturing) at 2-week intervals during both seasons. Soil (0–30 cm) chemical determinations were conducted at all sites at 2-weeks postharvest Seasonal trends in leaf nutrient composition were associated with a leaf age–maturity effect. As flush leaves matured during spring, and as mature leaves aged after hardening of the summer flush, nitrogen (N) concentration declined and calcium (Ca) concentration increased. Nitrogen and Ca concentrations increased when young leaves produced from the summer flush were sampled. Time of sampling produced the most consistently significant (P<0.05) main effects on leaf nutrient concentration. The 2-week postharvest period was selected as a convenient time to sample—when leaves were of a consistent age and maturity, and the effect of crop load on tree nutrient reserves was still present. Paclobutrazol, which reduces vegetative growth in stonefruit, was applied to all Queensland sites and, as a consequence, mid lateral leaves contained higher (P<0.05) Ca, magnesium (Mg) and chloride (Cl) and lower (P<0.05) N and phosphorus (P) concentrations than leaves from New South Wales sites. State effects can therefore be interpreted as paclobutrazol effects. Cultivar effects (P<0.05) occurred for many leaf nutrients, however, at the 2-week postharvest sampling, concentrations were sufficiently similar to combine as a narrow adequate concentration range for both cultivars. The diagnostic adequate leaf nutrient concentrations were within the range developed for high-chill peaches (Leece et al. 1971) with the exception of lower Ca, lower Mg for New South Wales (both cultivars), lower iron for Flordaprince (both states), higher P for Flordaprince in New South Wales and higher manganese values for Queensland (both cultivars). Regression analyses were conducted between leaf and fruit nutrient concentrations and soil chemical properties. The only consistent result demonstrated that as the soil Ca : Mg ratio increased, leaf Mg concentration decreased exponentially (P<0.001), indicating that the practice of heavy annual agricultural limestone or gypsum applications in the absence of Mg fertiliser, which had been adopted by several growers in the survey, is associated with lower leaf Mg concentrations.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Agricultural chemicals South Australia"
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Maharaj, Simone. "Modelling the behaviour and fate of priority pesticides in South Africa." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
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The use of pesticides poses a serious threat to the limited water resources of South Africa. The amounts which are not taken up by crop plants, are often washed away by runoff into surface waters, or leached through the soil, causing groundwater pollution. The problem of pesticide pollution is often intensified by inappropriate usage, disposal and monitoring in agriculture and predictive models have proven to be an effective tool for improving management practices. Research, however, has focused mainly on surface water contamination and groundwater impacts are largely unknown. Furthermore, pesticide registration in South Africa is largely determined by international standards and there is a need for impact assessments to be carried out under local conditions. The aims of this study included the determination of priority pesticides in South Africa based on usage and properties, the determination of pesticide sorption in two selected South African soils, and an assessment of pesticide fate by modelling.
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Wakefield, Melanie, and University of Adelaide Dept of Community Medicine. "Evaluation of a smoking cessation intervention for pregnant women and their partners attending a public hospital antenatal clinic / Melanie Wakefield." Adelaide : University of Adelaide, Dept. of Community Medicine, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/21562.
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Includes examples of information booklets as appendicesIncludes bibliographical references: p. 232-251
xiv, 251 p. : photo. ; 30 cm.
Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Community Medicine, 1994
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Viljoen, Philippus. "NOVON : nasionale verspreider van Novartis-CP in Suidelike Afrika : distribusie as strategiese voordeel." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52365.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2001.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Novartis is a life sciences company with its headquarters in Basie, Switserland. Novartis divides its business into three core activities, namely Healthcare, Consumer Health and Agribusiness (Novartis AG). Novartis AG is further divided into crop protection, seeds and animal health. In order to improve business systems, Novartis AG divides its business into five geographical areas, namely NAFTA, Western Europe, Central- and South America, Asia/Pacific countries and Business International. Novartis Crop Protection South Africa (Novartis CP SA) reports to Business International. The financial position of producers in various sectors of the agricultural industry has weakened over the past years. Various reasons are given for this, such as a decrease in nett farm income, adverse weather conditions, a government which is unsympathetic towards the commercial producer, macro-economic factors (weakening of the local currency against the US Dollar and British Pound and high interest rates), as well as poor financial and general management by producers. Due to this poor performance, the agricultural industry as a whole hardly showed growth in real terms over the past five years. Input suppliers, such as the aqrochernical industry suffered the same fate. The agrochemical industry has changed tremendously over the same period. Suppliers of generic products are increasing annually. The agrochemical industry is regulated by Act 36 of 1947. This Act makes it relatively easy, fast and cheap for generic producers (and suppliers) to register their products in South Africa. This huge increase in cheaper generic products led to poor performances by the producers (and suppliers) of research-based products, both in volume and price. Currently, there is an imbalance between the number of suppliers and the number of distributors in the South African Agrochemical Industry. Consequently, the suppliers of these generic products always find a keen distributor in South Africa. Presently, Novartis CP SA has the largest market share in the agrochemical industry in South Africa. Over the years, Novartis CP SA developed a very strong distribution network. This network was partly the reason for Novartis' success in the field. This distribution network, in broad terms, was managed as a franchise. In other words, Novartis CP SA gave an independant company the right to sell its product range in an allocated geographical area. Today, all the suppliers of researched-based products are using dealerships to distribute their products. Although this system worked very well, it was important for Novartis CP SA to adapt this system if the situation in the agrochemical and agricultural industries would change. Due to the changes that took place in both industries, it was of utmost importance for Novartis CP SA to gain more control over the management of the distribution network. As a supplier, it was also important that Novartis CP SA tried to stabilise the fragmented distribution industry by grouping some of the individual dealerships together. As the leader in this transformation process, Novartis CP SA was in a position to choose its partners. With the establishment of Novon Crop Protection Chemicals (Novon), a company was formed in which Novartis AG and the various dealerships, as a group, has a shareholding of 45% each. In exchange for the shares in Novon, each dealership offered a 26% (veto right) shareholding in their companies to Novon. Via Novon, Novartis CP SA created a distribution company which will be able to defend its marketshare in the future.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Novartis is 'n Switserse maatskappy wat spesialiseer in die lewenswetenskappe met sy hoofkantoor in Basel, Switserland. Novartis se besigheid word in drie kernaktiwiteite verdeel naamlik; gesondheidsorg, verbruikersgesondheid en landboubesigheid (Novartis AG). Landboubesigheid behels weer gewasbeskerming, saad en dieregesondheid. Novartis AG verdeel sy besigheid in vyf geografiese streke: NAFTA, Wes-Europa, Sentraalen Suid-Amerika, Asië/Pasifiese lande en Besigheid Internasionaal. Novartis Gewasbeskerming Suid-Afrika (Novartis CP SA) rapporteer aan Besigheid Internasionaal. Die finansiële posisie van produsente in verskeie vertakkings van die landboubedryf het oor die laaste aantal jare aansienlik verswak. Daar is verskeie redes vir hierdie tendens, waaronder 'n afname in netto boerdery inkomste, swak weersomstandighede, 'n regering wat nie simpatie toon met die kommersiële produsent nie, makro-ekonomiese faktore ('n verswakking van die plaaslike geldeenheid en hoë rentekoerse), asook swak finansiele en algemene bestuur deur produsente, die belangrikstes is. Vanweë hierdie swak prestasies, het die landboubedryf in sy geheel nie werklik enige groei getoon nie. Insetverskaffers soos die landbouchemiese bedryf het dienooreenkomstig ook nie oor die afgelope aantal jare werklik reële groei getoon nie. Voorts het die liandbouchemiese bedryf in Suid Afrika ook oor die afgelope aantal jare verander. Verskaffers van veral generiese produkte het toegeneem. Die landbouchemiese bedryf word deur Wet 36 van 1947 gereguleer. Hierdie wet maak dit vir die vervaardigers van generiese produkte baie maklik en goedkoop om produkte te registreer. Die toename in goedkoper, generiese produkte het die verskaffers van navorsingsgebaseerde produkte se verkope (prys en volume) onder kwaai druk geplaas. As gevolg van 'n wanbalans tussen die aantal verskaffers en verspreiders in Suid-Afrika, het hierdie generiese vervaardigers maklik gewillige verspreiders van hul produkte gekry. Novartis CP SA het tans die grootste markaandeel in die landbouchemiese bedryf in Suid- Afrika. Hierdie posisie as markleier, is gevestig met die hulp van sy verspreidingsnetwerk. In breë trekke het Novartis CP SA sy handelaarsnetwerk op die beginsels van 'n bedryfsreg (franchise) bestuur. Dit bring mee dat Novartis CP SA aan onafhanklke maatskappye die reg gee om sy produkreeks in 'n spesifieke geografiese area te versprei. Die meeste verskaffers van landbouchemiese produkte in Suid-Afrika maak tans van handelaars gebruik om hul produkte te versprei. Alhoewel hierdie stelsel effektief was, was dit vir Novartis CP SA belangrik om dit aan te pas by veranderende omstandighede binne die landboubedryf. Dit was vir Novartis CP SA belangrik om deel te wees van die besluitneming en bestuur van die verspreidingsnetwerk, asook om die reeds gefragmenteerde verspreidingsbedryf te stabiliseer. Deur hierin die voorloper te wees, was Novartis CP SA in staat om te kies met watter van die plaaslike verspreidingsmaatskappye hy in vennootskap wou gaan. Met die stigting van Novon Gewasbeskerming Chemikalieë (Novon), het daar 'n maatskappy ontstaan waarin Novartis AG 45% aandeel het, terwyl die onderskeie handelaars ook 'n aandeel in die maatskappy het ( 45% in totaal vir al die handelaars). As teenprestasie, het Novon 26% aandeel (dus 'n vetoreg) in elkeen van die handelaars bekom.
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Wakefield, Melanie. "Evaluation of a smoking cessation intervention for pregnant women and their partners attending a public hospital antenatal clinic." Adelaide : University of Adelaide, Dept. of Community Medicine, 1994. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phw147.pdf.
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Osman, Elizabeth Helen. "Rural land sharing communities in South Australia : planning and legal constraints to their development." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1991. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09envo83.pdf.
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Bibliography: leaves 103-106. This research is concerned with rural land sharing communities in South Australia. The state's planning system is examined to see what mechanisms it possesses for dealing with communal or any other unconventional development, and what the main planning constraints are. A case study of an actual development application for a rural land sharing community is examined.
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Booth, Anna. "Buildings as historical documents : a study of church buildings within the southern inland agricultural area of South Australia /." Title page, contents and introduction only, 1989. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09arb725.pdf.
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Thesis (B.A. (Hons))--University of Adelaide, 1990.Illustrations consist mainly of coloured photographs. Figure 9 & 10 are black and white photocopies. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 39-41).
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Michael, Pippa J. "Agro-ecology of Malva parviflora (small-flowered mallow) in the Mediterranean-climatic agricultural region of Western Australia." University of Western Australia. Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, 2006. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2006.0076.
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[Truncated abstract] Malva parviflora L. (small-flowered mallow) (Malvaceae) is a common weed of pastures and wastelands and its distribution has increased rapidly throughout Australia during the last decade. Control of M. parviflora with herbicides, such as glyphosate, is often unsatisfactory and changing farming practices, such as minimum tillage, have facilitated its spread. Yet there has been little research on M. parviflora in the past and many aspects of its biology and ecology are unknown. Hence, there exists a need to examine these aspects in order to investigate and develop suitable integrated weed management strategies. Weed identification is the first and probably the most important step in the management of weeds. Here it is shown that the weedy Malva species in Western Australian farming systems is M. parviflora, and not a morphologically similar Malva species or hybrid of two species. A common garden study of 24 populations collected across the agricultural region of south-west Western Australia revealed that since its introduction over 140 years ago M. parviflora has successfully adapted to a wide range of distinct environments. The species is able to thrive in areas that vary in annual rainfall from 315 to 496 mm, maximum average temperatures from 21.9 to 26.8oC and minimum average temperatures from 9 to 13.6oC. However, there was limited broad scale ecoclinal differentiation and low genetic variation within the common garden study with only length of time between sowing and flowering differing between populations. As the species was shown to possess a predominately inbreeding system, which typically would create ecotypes/ecoclines due to limited gene flow, it was suggested that seed dispersal by sheep is likely to have increased gene flow thus suppressing population differentiation. A considerable proportion of mature hardseeded M. parviflora can survive rumen digestion and mastication by sheep. ... With origins thought to be in the Mediterranean region, it is not surprising that M. parviflora has thrived and prospered in south-west Western Australia. This thesis has determined several aspects that have enabled it to flourish in this Mediterranean-type environment and most of these attributes, including autogamous reproduction, ecoclinal/ecotypic formation, dormancy and asynchronous germination and rapid seed development, are commonly found in successful weeds world-wide.
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Meyer, Paula. "Will the show go on? a marketing concept analysis of the management effectiveness of agricultural show societies in Australia /." View thesis, 2008. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/35888.
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Thesis (M. Commerce (Hons.)) -- University of Western Sydney, 2008.A thesis submitted to the University of Western Sydney, College of Business, School of Marketing, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Commerce (Honours). Includes bibliographical references.
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Ajili, Abdulazim School of Fibre Science & Technology UNSW. "Aspects of traditional versus group extension approaches on farmer behavioural change in an extensive grazing environment in the Bathurst District of New South Wales, Australia." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Fibre Science and Technology, 2000. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/32906.
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The study on different extension approaches was undertaken in the Bathurst area of New South Wales, Australia. One hundred farmers were surveyed in random pairs according to those who belong to the formal group, ???Landcare???, and those who did not. The survey included questions on personal, physical resources, ecological and economic factors, farm practices and management (including actual practice, use of extension methods and information sources) Focussing on behavioural change over time, attitudes, perceptions and intentions. The impact of extension approach on different levels of innovation was considered: simple (e.g. tree planting), medium (e.g. pasture development) and complex (soil erosion control) on behavioural change. It was hypothesised that the ???group??? extension approach should be more effective with complex innovations, but the main significant differences found were in level of tree planting (higher in government funded Landcare), money spent on erosion control (including tree planting) and attitudes to the severity of local erosion (all higher in Landcare members). There were no other differences in attitudes, intentions or change in farming practice except that non-Landcare farmers planted more pasture and applied more lime. The outcomes did not support the hypothesis, and it was not possible to distinguish the differences that did occur in performance from extension approach versus access to funds. Field days are an important extension method for the adoption of cropping by landholders. Among the different extension methods, those who conducted erosion control through pastures, preferred government officers and meetings. Those who adopted tree planting and were in Landcare preferred magazines as the extension method. This added further weight to the argument that the formal group extension approach may not be perceived by its members to have any influence on adoption at this level. Generally, mass media was more important in the early stages of adoption and personal influence more important in the evaluation stage. This also applied to simple versus complex innovations. Surprisingly all farmers placed a very high reliance on government officers for information and decision-making, particularly those in Landcare, compared to neighbours or family. Formal group extension still needs assessing but using models other than Landcare.
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Feng, Xiao Yi. "A survey of inorganic chemical pollution in the Bottelary River, Cape Town." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
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Chemical pollution of freshwater is a worldwide environmental problemeutrophication, heavy metals and salinity are amongst the most widely used indicators of pollution. The aim of this study was to assess the status of nutrients, heavy metals and salinity, and the seasonal variation int he Bottelary River.
Books on the topic "Agricultural chemicals South Australia"
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Akande, S. O. Structural adjustment programme and agro chemical product marketing in south/west Nigeria. Ibadan: Nigerian Institute of Social and Economic Research, 1989.
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Austin, Bradford. Ground water monitoring activities, South Platte River alluvial aquifer, 1992-1993. [Denver, Colo.]: Agricultural Chemicals Program, Water Quality Control Division, Colorado Dept. of Health and Environment, 1993.
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Buchmiller, Robert. Hydrogeologic and agricultural-chemical data for the South Skunk River alluvial aquifer at a site in Story County, Iowa, 1992-93. Iowa City, Iowa: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1995.
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Australia. Parliament. Senate. Select Committee on Agricultural and Veterinary Chemicals in Australia. Report of the Senate Select Committee on Agricultural and Veterinary Chemicals in Australia. [Canberra]: Commonwealth of Australia, 1990.
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Schofield, N. J. The impact of agricultural development on the salinity of surface water resources of south-west Western Australia. Leederville, WA: Water Authority of Western Australia, 1988.
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Payton, Philip. The Cornish farmer in Australia, or, Australian adventure: Cornish colonists and the expansion of Adelaide and the South Australian agricultural frontier. Trewolsta, Trewirgie, Redruth, Cornwall: Dyllansow Truran, 1987.
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International Conference on Landscapes of the Southern Hemisphere (1986 Roseworthy Agricultural College). Proceedings of an International Conference on Landscapes of the Southern Hemisphere, held at Roseworthy Agricultural College, Roseworthy, South Australia, September 2-9, 1986. Roseworthy, S. Aust: Faculty of Natural Resource Management, Roseworthy Agricultural College, 1987.
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Grattan, Michelle. Back on the wool track. Milsons Point, N.S.W: Vintage, 2004.
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International Symposium on "Manganese in Soils and Plants" (1988 Waite Agricultural Research Institute). Manganese in soils and plants: Proceedings of the International Symposium on "Manganese in Soils and Plants" held at the Waite Agricultural Research Institute, the University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia, August 22-26, 1988, as an Australian Bicentennial event. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic, 1988.
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Hawke & Kovalev. Agri Tenancy & Arbitration Law. Routledge Cavendish, 1994.
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Golder, Tarikul Islam. "El-nino and It`s Varied Impacts: A Review." In Modern Approaches in Chemical and Biological Sciences, 112–16. Lincoln University College, Malaysia, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31674/book.2022macbs.013.
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El-Nino is a periodic flow of warm Pacific equatorial waters southward, usually around Christmas time. El-Nino is linked to the Southern Oscillation and it affects the atmosphere, disrupting weather condition of the world. Its disastrous effects have resulted in drought in Australia and Papua New Guinea, a delayed monsoon in South-East Asia leading to massive forest fires choking smog, storms on the Pacific coast of South and Central America, drought in Southern Africa, and threat of flood in Peru and California. Its increasing sensitivity and frequency through the 1980s and 1990s, suggests that El-Nino is affected by an increase of heat trapping greenhouse gases in the upper atmosphere. Global Warming could make the El-Nino a permanent feature of world`s weather system. El-Nino and Southern Oscillation largely affect developing countries that are largely depending upon fishery and agriculture for employment, foreign exchange, and food supply. Global warming increases severity and frequency of El-Nino which has great socio-economic impact on these countries.
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Rochecouste, Jean-Francois, John Baker, and Bill Crabtree. "Conservation Agriculture in Australian dryland cropping and in New Zealand: the lessons of 70 years." In Burleigh Dodds Series in Agricultural Science, 599–624. Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19103/as.2021.0088.15.
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Australia and New Zealand have seen a rapid adoption rate in Conservation Agriculture in the areas of no-till and stubble retention. The two countries have different stories, and this will be highlighted in this chapter. For Australia crop diversification has not changed substantially, and the balance required between diversification and the variable return of different crops is still a major challenge for farmers, with wheat remaining over half of the national crop. The main changes in tillage practices involved the adoption of narrow tine and disc planters to minimise soil disturbance along with stubble retention, crop rotation and controlled traffic farming have followed suit. Current trends involve an increasing use of GPS technology combined with remote and proximal sensors to more efficiently deliver resources such as fertiliser and chemicals. Precision technology is also being used to reposition the planting row to the inter-row between the standing stubble. Herbicide resistance is becoming an increasing problem. Emerging issues include nutrient stratification, sub-surface acidification and an increase in diseases from stubble retention.
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"Benefits and Risks Associated with Biosolids Application to Agricultural Production Systems—Experiences from New South Wales, Australia." In Waste Management, 167–212. CRC Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781482280173-15.
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Kassam, Amir, Theodor Friedrich, and Rolf Derpsch. "State of the global adoption and spread of Conservation Agriculture." In Burleigh Dodds Series in Agricultural Science, 1–14. Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19103/as.2021.0088.01.
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Chapter 2 in volume 1 provided a detailed account of the global adoption and spread of Conservation Agriculture (CA) up to the year 2015/16. This chapter provides an update of the global adoption and spread of CA for the year up to 2018/19. In 2008/09, global CA cropland area was 106.5 M ha spread across 36 countries. In 2013/14, the global area of CA cropland was 156.7 M ha, spread across 55 countries. In 2015/16, the global area of CA cropland was 180.4 M ha, spread across 79 countries. In 2018/19, the CA area increased to 205.4 M ha (14.7% of global cropland), spread across 102 countries. Thus, CA increased by some 50 M ha of cropland for each of the two five-year periods, 2008/09 to 2013/14, and 2014/15 to 2018/19. About 50% of the global CA area is located in the Global South and 50% in the Global North. At the regional level, 4% of the CA area in 2008/09 was in Europe (including Russia and Ukraine), Asia and Africa whereas in 2018/19, it was 16%. Since 2008/09, greater percentage gains in CA area have been recorded for Europe, Asia and Africa regions. At the national level, countries that have increased their CA areas significantly are Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay in South America; the USA and Canada in North America; Russia and Ukraine; Spain, France, the UK, Italy and Romania in Europe; China, India, Kazakhstan, Pakistan and Iran in Asia; South Africa, Zambia and Ghana in Africa, and Australia. CA systems have an important role to play in addressing the global burden of environmental crises and in meeting the Sustainable Development Goals. The 8th World Congress on Conservation Agriculture agreed to work towards a notional goal of transforming 50% of global cropland area or 700 M ha into CA by 2050. CA global community must continue its effort to improve the quality and performance of CA systems by incorporating biological or organic CA practices. Equally important for the future is the need to support smallholder farmers transform their conventional systems to CA systems with support from sustainable mechanization.
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Barker, Graeme. "Understanding Foragers." In The Agricultural Revolution in Prehistory. Oxford University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199281091.003.0007.
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Hunter-gatherer or forager societies, as the names imply, have been defined first and foremost by their mode of subsistence: ‘hunting of wild animals, gathering of wild plants, and fishing, with no domestication of plants, and no domesticated animals except the dog’ (Lee and Daly, 1999: 3). Another recent survey develops this defining characteristic in the following terms: ‘the absence of direct human control over the reproduction of exploited species, and little or no control over other aspects of population ecology such as the behaviour and distribution of food resources. In essence, hunter-gatherers exercise no deliberate alteration of the gene pool of exploited resources’ (Panter-Brick et al., 2001b: 2, their italics). In addition to this primary characteristic of ‘not being farmers’, there are or have been two other very common features amongst recent and contemporary forager societies, as Lee and DeVore (1968b: 11) commented in their opening essay to the seminal Man the Hunter volume: ‘(1) they live in small groups, and (2) they move around a lot’. At the end of the Pleistocene, forager societies peopled most regions of the world, at most latitudes. By the middle of the second millennium ad, foragers still occupied a third of the globe including all of Australia and most of North America, and large tracts of South America, Africa, North, and North-East Asia. Yet in recent centuries foragers have ‘retreated precipitously in the face of the steamroller ofmodernity’ (Lee and Daly, 1999: 1), occupying only those areas where farmers simply cannot go, or where farming is so marginal as to be uneconomic (Fig. 2.1). Many societies frequently cited in archaeological textbooks as examples of forager societies today, like the !Kung-San of the Kalahari, in fact also practise cultivation or herding on a small scale, and others depend heavily on trade with neighbouring farmers for staple foods. It is extremely difficult to translate foragers’ behaviour as recorded today or in the recent past into theories of general applicability to the world’s prehistoric foraging population prior to farming. The task is all the more complicated by the remoteness of the everyday lives of foragers (present and past) from western Europeans, a remoteness that has given rise to two enduring currents in European philosophical thinking about such societies: that they are alien savages on the one hand, or innocents close to the state of nature on the other (Barnard, 1999).
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White, Robert E. "What Makes a Healthy Soil?" In Understanding Vineyard Soils. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199342068.003.0004.
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Soil scientists used to speak of soil quality, a concept expressing a soil’s “fitness for purpose.” The prime purpose was for agriculture and the production of food and fiber. However, to the general public soil quality is a rather abstract concept and in recent years the term has been replaced by soil health. A significant reason for this change is that health is a concept that resonates with people in a personal sense. This change is epitomized in the motto “healthy soil = healthy food = healthy people” on the website of the Rodale Institute in Pennsylvania (http://rodaleinstitute.org/). One consequence of this change is an increasing focus on the state of the soil’s biology, or life in the soil, an emphasis that is expressed through the promotion of organic and biodynamic systems of farming. Viticulture and winemaking are at the forefront of this trend. For example, Jane Wilson (2008), a vigneron in the Mudgee region of New South Wales, is quoted as saying, “the only way to build soil and release a lot of the available minerals is by looking after the biology,” and Steve Wratten (2009), professor of ecology at Lincoln University in New Zealand has said, “Organic viticulture rocks! It’s the future, it really is.” This exuberance has been taken up by Organic Winegrowers New Zealand, founded only in 2007, who have set a goal of “20 by 2020,” that is, 20% of the country’s vineyards under certified organic management by the year 2020. The Cornell Soil Health Assessment provides a more balanced assessment of soil health (Gugino et al., 2009). The underlying concept is that soil health is an integral expression of a soil’s chemical, physical, and biological attributes, which determine how well a soil provides various ecosystem functions, including nutrient cycling, supporting biodiversity, storing and filtering water, and maintaining resilience in the face of disturbance, both natural and anthropogenic. Although originally developed for crop land in the northeast United States, the Cornell soil health approach is readily adapted to viticulture, as explained by Schindelbeck and van Es (2011), and which is currently being attempted in Australia (Oliver et al., 2013; Riches et al., 2013).
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Mamtora, Jayshree, and Peter Walton. "Across the Seas." In Advances in Library and Information Science, 204–17. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-4365-9.ch017.
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This chapter reports on four current and significant collaborative projects between Australia and the Pacific Islands in the area of libraries, archives and information centres, their respective staff, and Pacific counterparts. In the context of this chapter, and mirroring the Australian Government’s Pacific policies, all the collaborations mentioned involve countries in the south Pacific (i.e. Melanesia and Polynesia), although two Micronesian countries with strong links to Australia—Kiribati and Nauru—are included. The projects are: Pacific Manuscripts Bureau – microfilming and preserving historic documents; Pacific Islands Law Library Community Twinning Program; Marine Library Twinning Project; and the Melanesian Agricultural Information System. Based on experiences in carrying out these projects, this chapter shares some strategies for successful collaboration and the value of such projects.
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Dufty, Rae, and Edgar Liu. "‘Picking Blueberries and Indian Women Go Hand in Hand’: The Role of Gender and Ethnicity in the Division of Agricultural Labour in Woolgoolga, New South Wales, Australia." In Reshaping Gender and Class in Rural Spaces, 73–90. Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315605630-4.
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Lacey, Justine, and Phil Heywood. "The Ethics of Regional Water Planning." In Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies, 183–200. IGI Global, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-61520-775-6.ch013.
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Providing water infrastructure in times of accelerating climate change presents interesting new problems. Expanding demands must be met or managed in contexts of increasingly constrained sources of supply, raising ethical questions of equity and participation. Loss of agricultural land and natural habitats, the coastal impacts of desalination plants and concerns over re-use of waste water must be weighed with demand management issues of water rationing, pricing mechanisms and inducing behavior change. This case study examines how these factors impact on infrastructure planning in South East Queensland, Australia: a region with one of the developed world’s most rapidly growing populations, which has recently experienced the most severe drought in its recorded history. Proposals to match forecast demands and potential supplies for water over a 20 year period are reviewed by applying ethical principles to evaluate practical plans to meet the water needs of the region’s activities and settlements.
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Mitchell, Peter. "New Worlds for the Donkey." In The Donkey in Human History. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198749233.003.0013.
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One of the signature historical phenomena of the past 500 years has been the global expansion of European societies and their trans-Atlantic offshoots. The mercantile networks, commercial systems, and empires of conquest and colonization that formed the political and economic framework of that expansion involved the discovery and extraction of new mineral and agricultural resources, the establishment of new infrastructures of transport and communication, and the forcible relocation of millions of people. Another key component was the Columbian Exchange, the multiple transfers of people, animals, plants, and microbes that began even before Columbus, gathered pace after 1492, and were further fuelled as European settlement advanced into Africa, Australasia, and the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Donkeys evolved in the Old World and were confined there until the Columbian Exchange was underway. This chapter explores the introduction of the donkey and the mule to the Americas and, more briefly, to southern Africa and Australia. In keeping with my emphasis on seeking archaeological evidence with which to illuminate the donkey’s story, I omit other aspects of its expansion, such as the trade in animals to French plantations on the Indian Ocean islands of Réunion and Mauritius or, on a much greater scale, India to meet the demands of the British Raj. These examples nevertheless reinforce the argument that mules and donkeys were instrumental in creating and maintaining the structures of economic and political power that Europeans and Euro- Americans wielded in many parts of the globe. From Brazil to the United States, Mexico to Bolivia, Australia to South Africa, they helped directly in processing precious metals and were pivotal in moving gold and silver from mines to centres of consumption. At the same time, they aided the colonization of vast new interiors devoid of navigable rivers, maintained communications over terrain too rugged for wheeled vehicles to pose serious competition, and powered new forms of farming. Their contributions to agriculture and transport were well received by many of the societies that Europeans conquered and their mestizo descendants. However, they also provided opportunities for other Native communities to maintain a degree of independence and identity at and beyond the margins of the European-dominated world.
Conference papers on the topic "Agricultural chemicals South Australia"
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Rudiger, Christoph, Alessandra Monerris, David McJannet, Luigi Renzullo, Mariette Vreugdenhil, and Wolfgang Wagner. "Comparison of Different High-Resolution Soil Moisture Products Across an Agricultural Landscape in South-Eastern Australia." In IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2018.8518208.
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Lehmann, Marc, Steven Brunt, John Wyper, Barry Jewson, Gaganjot Lamba, Glen Mcphee, Jas Anand, and Bruce Macgregor. "Optimised Chemical Management for Ichthys Offshore Gas Production." In SPE/IATMI Asia Pacific Oil & Gas Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/205647-ms.
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Abstract The Ichthys Field is located approximately 220 km north-west of the coast of mainland Western Australia and 820 km south-west of Darwin. Gas from the Ichthys Field undergoes processing on an offshore central processing facility (CPF) to dehydrate the gas and remove a Rich MEG phase and condensate. The dry gas is compressed and sent to Darwin via a gas export pipeline while the condensate and MEG are pumped to an interlinked floating production, storage, and offtake facility (FPSO) with hydrocarbon processing capabilities. The FPSO also features the world's largest offshore MEG regeneration system. An integrated chemical supply chain has been developed to deliver bulk chemicals from the vendor chemical supply base in Darwin to the offshore facilities. Delivery is facilitated by specially designed platform supply vessels (PSV) that carry bulk chemicals in dedicated storage tanks and transferred to the offshore facilities using bulk transfer hoses. This paper details aspects of the chemical supply chain and describes best practices that have been developed to manage the safe delivery of bulk chemicals from the chemical supplier to the operator.
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"Proceedings of International Conference on Innovation and Technology (ICIT) 2019." In International Conference on Innovation and Technology 2019. Journal of Innovation and Applied Technology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jiat.2019.se.01.1.
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CIT 2019 is aimed to to provide platform for exchange of experiences, innovation and technological changes/advances among academia, scientists, professionals, and/or business in global environment; to initiate collaboration in research and technology withlocal, national and international stakeholders; and to disseminate research results and its application to communities or industries. The conference was attended by 150 participants from Singapore, Malaysia, Australia, South Korea and Indonesia, with 92 presenters divided in five plenary talks. The conference topics include engineering, sustainable agriculture and agricultural engineering, basic science, information system and technology, green cities, green industries, management and business, social economic and community development, education, as well as health, medicine, and public health.
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"Proceeding of International conference on Innovation and Technology (ICIT) 2019." In The 1st International Conference on Innovation and Technology (ICIT) 2019. JOURNAL OF INNOVATION AND APPLIED TECHNOLOGY, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jiat.2019.se.01.01.
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ICIT 2019 is aimed to to provide platform for exchange of experiences, innovation and technological changes/advances among academia, scientists, professionals, and/or business in global environment; to initiate collaboration in research and technology withlocal, national and international stakeholders; and to disseminate research results and its application to communities or industries. The conference was attended by 150 participants from Singapore, Malaysia, Australia, South Korea and Indonesia, with 92 presenters divided in five plenary talks. The conference topics include engineering, sustainable agriculture and agricultural engineering, basic science, information system and technology, green cities, green industries, management and business, social economic and community development, education, as well as health, medicine, and public health. Two platform of publications for the selected papers are the IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (IOP: EES) and the Journal of Innovation and Applied Technology (JIAT).
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MATYSIK-PEJAS, Renata, Monika SZAFRAŃSKA, and Elżbieta LATO. "DETERMINANTS OF LEADING OF ORGANIC FARMS IN MAŁOPOLSKA REGION." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.033.
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Poland is a country with significant potential for the development of organic farming. This is due to the possession of rural areas characterized by favorable natural and productive conditions. The advantages of Polish agriculture include relatively clean environment, low chemicals consumption, large labor resources and relatively low labor costs. The main objective of conducted research was to present factors determining the leading of organic farms in the conditions of fragmented agriculture in south Poland. The research was conducted in the Malopolska Voivodeship in 2017. Source material for analysis was primary information collected using PAPI method. In the survey participated 50 certified organic farms chosen by using purposive method of sample selection. In the area structure of surveyed organic farms dominated farms from 5.1 ha to 10 ha. The most popular direction of agricultural production on farms was the growing vegetables. Owners of organic farms as one of the main reasons for moving the farm from conventional to organic systems, considered the possibility of obtaining subsidies for one hectare of cultivation. These subsidies provide them financial support especially in the first years of operation on the market. The least important reason for transformation a farm from conventional to organic system was the factor associated with the reduction of environmental pollution as a result of the change in system of farming. As one of the advantages of running a organic farm, producers pointed the possibility of selecting disease-resistant plant and animal species and creating additional workplaces. On the other hand, as a basic disadvantage of organic farming, farmers pointed out the difficulties in finding market for the products from the farm. Most farm owners cooperate with various organizations connected with ecology. Very popular among them are also different kind of training courses, which are aimed at expanding knowledge of organic production. At the same time the educational activity of the surveyed farms is very low. Only in a few farms was conducted educational activity for children or people interested in ecology.