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Adamowicz, Mieczysław. "CHANGES IN AGRICULTURAL POLICY SYSTEMS AND FORMS OF AGRICULTURAL SUPPORT." Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists XIX, no. 3 (August 22, 2017): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.3208.
The paper aimed to present the role of agriculture in the economy in OECD countries and changes in their agricultural policies. The aim of the work is an assessment of agriculture in the period 1995-2014 and changes in the level and structure of support by governments and their institutions to agriculture within the agricultural policy systems. The parspective for agricultual policy till 2020 was presented as well. The data and informations for the work was gathered foom literature, OECD publications, especially OECD Agricultural Policy Monitoring and Evaluation Report 2015. Evaluation of GDP, TSE, PSE, CSE and GSSE were presented for specific group of countries.
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Ahner, D. "Agriculture and agricultural policy in the European Union." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 49, No. 2 (February 29, 2012): 62–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5266-agricecon.
The paper deals with the particular stages of development of the EU Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) in the last forty years. The process and impacts of CAP reforms are analyzed for the particular production industries of agriculture. The paper also presents a detailed description of Agenda 2000 and mid-term review of the Common Agricultural Policy in 2002 that brought about many proposals for the future working of CAP after accession of Central and Eastern European countries.
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Střeleček, F., and J. Lososová. "Impact of Common Agricultural Policy on Czech agriculture." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 49, No. 11 (March 2, 2012): 497–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5439-agricecon.
This contribution describes eight variants of the distribution of the direct payments and their impact on the farm economies in the years 2004–2006. For this purpose, selective set of 152 farms was divided in accordance with production regions: maize-growing, beet-growing, potato-growing, potato and oats-growing and uplands1. Possible demands for standard direct payments depending on the farm situation in 2002 and demands for payments set by different variants of the simplified system of direct payment distribution were figured to each of observed farms. To be comparable, individual bonuses were converted per 1 hectare of the farmland and to be considered more objectively, the eventual subsidies in terms of HRDP were calculated to the farms. In conclusion, all mentioned variants were compared from the point of view of their impact on the farm economies in different production and climatic regions.
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Ramphul, O. "Agricultural exports and the growth of agriculture in India." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 59, No. 5 (May 28, 2013): 211–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/118/2012-agricecon.
The study empirically investigates the causality between agricultural exports and gross domestic product (GDP) agriculture in India using the Granger causality test via Vector Error-Correction Model over the period 1970–1971 to 2009–2010. The results of unit-root tests suggest that the series of India’s GDP agriculture and farm exports are integrated of order one. The results of the Auto Regressive Distributed Lag bounds testing approach to co-integration show that there is a positive and stable long-run equilibrium relationship between India’s agricultural exports and GDP of agriculture. We find a unidirectional causal link running from farm exports to gross domestic product of agriculture. It indicates that in India, agricultural products export Granger causes the growth in GDP of agriculture, which supports the export-led growth hypothesis. It is suggested that in order to accelerate the agricultural growth rate in India, there is a need to implement the policies encouraging the agricultural exports.
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Seguin, Rose, Mark G. Lefsrud, Treena Delormier, Jan Adamowski, and Helen Fyles. "Interregional Differences in Agricultural Development across Circumpolar Canada." ARCTIC 75, no. 1 (March 14, 2022): 38–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.14430/arctic74717.
In response to the circumpolar region’s high levels of food insecurity, many Canadian communities have identified the development of local agriculture as a means to resolve the issue. Agricultural development is varied across the circumpolar region, an area which includes Yukon, the Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Nunavik (Quebec), and Nunatsiavut (Newfoundland and Labrador). This review explores the interregional differences in circumpolar agriculture, their historical development, and their relationship to prevailing biophysical, socioeconomic, and political conditions. Drawing upon local food strategies and literature pertaining to current agricultural initiatives, we discuss the future direction of circumpolar agriculture in Canada. Yukon and the Northwest Territories are the most agriculturally developed subregions of circumpolar Canada, and their territorial governments support the development of commercial agriculture. In Nunavut, Nunavik, and Nunatsiavut, relatively few agricultural initiatives are underway although local efforts have been made to establish community gardens or greenhouses and improve access to fresh commodities through subsidization of imported goods. Because of variability in biophysical, social, institutional, and political environments, strategies for food production would be most effective if tailored to each subregion. The continued development of agriculturally favorable policies and certified processing facilities in Yukon and the Northwest Territories could improve market access, both locally and out-of-territory. The eastern subregions (Nunavut, Nunavik, and Nunatsiavut) seem more inclined towards small, community-driven projects; these initiatives could be promoted to encourage community involvement for their long-term sustainability. Most studies on circumpolar agriculture have focused on the biophysical and social challenges; the region would benefit from additional research into the institutional and political barriers to agricultural development.
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Crampton, Andrea, and Angela T. Ragusa. "Perceived agricultural runoff impact on drinking water." Journal of Water and Health 12, no. 3 (March 25, 2014): 484–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2014.212.
Agricultural runoff into surface water is a problem in Australia, as it is in arguably all agriculturally active countries. While farm practices and resource management measures are employed to reduce downstream effects, they are often either technically insufficient or practically unsustainable. Therefore, consumers may still be exposed to agrichemicals whenever they turn on the tap. For rural residents surrounded by agriculture, the link between agriculture and water quality is easy to make and thus informed decisions about water consumption are possible. Urban residents, however, are removed from agricultural activity and indeed drinking water sources. Urban and rural residents were interviewed to identify perceptions of agriculture's impact on drinking water. Rural residents thought agriculture could impact their water quality and, in many cases, actively avoided it, often preferring tank to surface water sources. Urban residents generally did not perceive agriculture to pose health risks to their drinking water. Although there are more agricultural contaminants recognised in the latest Australian Drinking Water Guidelines than previously, we argue this is insufficient to enhance consumer protection. Health authorities may better serve the public by improving their proactivity and providing communities and water utilities with the capacity to effectively monitor and address agricultural runoff.
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Bowers, J. "Sustainability, Agriculture, and Agricultural Policy." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 27, no. 8 (August 1995): 1231–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a271231.
In this paper, the problem of achieving sustainable development in the context of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) and other policy suggestions is examined. Sustainable development is defined as a commitment to conserve necessary biological, cultural, and aesthetic capital for future generations. This is not a costless process. Constraints are required on current economic activity, entailing sacrifices by the current generation, if sustainability requirements are to be met. Specific wildlife sites within the farmed landscape are critical to the sustainability programme. Conservation of these sites entails the continuation of specific and often technically obsolete farming practices. Their conservation cannot be ensured by the practice of efficient sustainable agriculture as advocated by the authors Pretty and Howes. Furthermore, those authors are wrong in believing that such agriculture could be profitable without continuing subsidy. The approach of the CAP is to make payments for the practices necessary to safeguard these sites. However, the economic sustainability of the CAP is doubtful. Its costs are excessive and reforms are not reducing the excessive financial burden and resource costs. Alternative reform packages involving conservation through cross-compliance have even greater resource costs. The ability to safeguard these critical sites in the long run is therefore questionable. This suggests there is a need to rethink sustainability requirements for cultural and biological diversity.
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Wragg, S. R. "Brazilian agriculture and agricultural research." Agricultural Administration 20, no. 1 (January 1985): 57–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0309-586x(85)90065-2.
Xu, Zhun. "The Development of Capitalist Agriculture in China." Review of Radical Political Economics 49, no. 4 (July 21, 2017): 591–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0486613417717046.
Scholars have different views on the nature and pace of capitalist transformation of the Chinese agriculture. In this paper, we have, for the first time, estimated the approximate size of agricultural proletariat in China as well as the prevalence of wage labor in agricultural work. We argue that by comparing with typical capitalist agricultures in the world, China’s agriculture is increasingly capitalist rather than petty producer/populist.
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Kan, Ying Bo, Ling Ling Wang, Yi Shan Zhang, and En Ping Liu. "Research on Control System of Tropical Intelligent Agriculture in Hainan." Applied Mechanics and Materials 385-386 (August 2013): 923–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.385-386.923.
Research on intelligent agriculture in our country has attracted great attention of the researchers now, but it is still under discovery. According to tropical agriculture in Hainan to IT's demand, the paper studies the key technology in the development of tropical intelligent agriculture, including automatic test technology, automatic control technology, Internet of Things and so on. This paper analyzes factors that affect tropical intelligent agricultures development, which include agricultural program, agricultural policies and regulations, agricultural technology situation, infrastructure construction, field management and other factors. The thesis builds a model between the development of tropical intelligent agriculture and its affecting factors. A developmental idea of tropical intelligent agriculture in Hainan is proposed on the basis of the model. The thesis analyzes the construction of intelligent agriculture control system in Hainan from the angles of data acquisition, data transfer, data analysis and data feed.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Agricultural":
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Riedel, Jodi Songer. "Effects of an Introductory Agricultural Education Course on Agricultural Literacy and Perceptions of Agriculture in Urban Students." NCSU, 2006. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07102006-202453/.
The purpose of this study has been to determine the effects of an introductory agricultural education course on high school urban students agricultural literacy and their perceptions of the food and fiber industry. North Carolina schools offer an introductory course called Agriscience Applications and is meant to be the first in a series of agricultural education courses. This course is expected to positively impact the agricultural literacy and perceptions of agriculture upon its students. Data were collected from six schools in urban counties throughout North Carolina with 152 respondents. Five questions were specified for this study as follows: 1) Does an introductory agricultural education course increase students agricultural literacy in an urban agricultural education program; 2) does an introductory agricultural education course increase student knowledge of agricultural careers and opportunities for employment; 3) does an introductory agricultural education class increase student knowledge of agriculture?s relationship with public policy; 4) does an introductory agricultural education class change a student?s understanding of agriculture?s relationship with the environment and natural resources; 5) what influence does an introductory agricultural education class have upon students? perceptions of the food and fiber industry? Upon completion of the Agriscience Applications course, students did increase their agricultural literacy. The students showed greatest improvement in agriculture literacy regarding public policy and the least improvement in career related knowledge. The perception scores of students regarding agriculture were not statistically significant.
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Liepins, Ruth. ""Women in agriculture" : a geography of Australian agricultural activism /." Connect to thesis, 1996. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00000215.
Smith, J. T. "Commercial agriculture as a curriculum source for agricultural education." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.379482.
Lappas, N. "Agricultural co-operatives and changes in Greek agriculture since 1949." Thesis, University of Bradford, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.378116.
Foor, Ryan M. "Job Satisfaction of Agricultural Communication, Agricultural Leadership, Agricultural Teacher Education, and Extension Education Faculty." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1235501317.
Fox, Jacqueline Frances. "The role of institutional credit in agricultural development : the case of the Bank for Agriculture and Agricultural Co-operatives, Thailand." Thesis, University of Hull, 1992. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:10690.
This thesis attempts to evaluate the lending policy of Thailand's Bank for Agriculture and Agricultural Cooperatives (BAAC) from a developmental perspective. Firstly the question of access to institutional credit is examined in terms of the distribution of BAAC loans spatially and by the economic status of borrowers; secondly, the study uses the case study approach to analyse the farm-level effectiveness of three types of lending instrument a) short-term production loans, by scale of farming operation and access to irrigation (the "credit-only" model); b) short-term production loans with extension support (the credit extension model) and; c) long-term investment loans disbursed within the project framework (the project lending model). One of the case studies is drawn from the Central region and two from the Northeast. The results of the study indicate that for a variety of reasons, BAAC directs subsidised loans mainly towards the country's most agriculturally productive areas and most economically secure farmers. This orientation is long-established and is likely to have contributed to the problem of inequality in the distnbution of income and wealth in rural areas. Since 1975, institutional credit has been an important part of a government strategy to increase the flow of funds and provision of support services to the rural sector. The Bank has recruited large numbers of relatively poorer farmers. However, using farm-size as a measure of economic status shows that BAAC clients generally have larger farms than their neighbours. In the Northeastern region, the percentage of BAAC clients with farms below the median is only 11 per cent compared to 23 per cent for the Central and Eastern regions and 20 per cent country-wide. The bulk of loan disbursement is also directed towards medium- and large-scale farmers. Inter-provincial variations in the recruitment of and disbursement of loans to small-scale farmers, are explained in terms of varying strategies employed by branch managers to meet the terms and conditions of the Branch Evaluation Procedure, despite convincing evidence that repayment rates for this group are as good if not better than for larger-scale operators. Regardless of the Bank's economic orientation farm-level analyses of the effects of short-term borrowing show that production loans are most critical to and are used most effectively by small-scale farmers, particularly those in rainfed areas. At present, however, the farm-level effect of technical support, given in association with loans to small-scale farmers, though positive, is still weak. Improvement in the impact of the credit-extension model will depend on further development of the working relationship between BAAC and the Department of Agricultural Extension (DoAE). The effectiveness of long-term project loans, in terms of increasing the productive capacity and income-generating potential among smallscale farmers, is also limited. The challenge to the Bank is to develop projects that meet the Bank's criteria with regard to financial viability and also yield a good return to the borrower after loan repayment obligations have been met. The extent to which the BAAC can provide an equitable and effective service within the context of rural development policy as a whole, depends on active government intervention to prevent the erosion of the Bank's capital base, promotion of the type of interagency cooperation necessary to provide integrated support services to farmers, and prioritisation of planning for the small farm sector.
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Gurung, Ananda Bahadur. "Impact of Agricultural Productivity Changes on Agricultural Exports." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2008. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/29760.
This study uses linear programming and econometric tools to determine the impact of agricultural productivity (technology) on agricultural exports. The study determines total factor productivity (TFP) using the Malmquist index method for a panel of 64 countries. Productivity impact on exports is determined by a two-stage estimation procedure. The results show agricultural productivity affects agricultural exports. This has important implications for developing countries. A 1 unit change in cumulative TFP increases agricultural output by .79% and a 1% increase in estimated agricultural output increases exports by .37%. Therefore, the total effect of technology on exports of primary and processed commodities is .29%. Developed countries generally have higher TFP rates, leading to higher export earnings; meanwhile, developing countries are not getting the benefits from agricultural exports because they have a relatively lower level of agricultural productivity. Investing in research and development for agriculture can improve technology, which, in turn, can Increase agricultural exports.
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Kramar, Laura L. "Assessing the Sustainability of Agricultural Systems." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2007. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/KramarLL2007.pdf.
Thesis (M.Arch.)--University of Hong Kong, 2000. Includes special report study entitled : A study on building technologies for an agricultural skyscraper. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print.
Theoretical aspects of influence of hydrometeorological factors on growth, development and efficiency of crops are stated. The essence of the hydrometeorological phenomena, dangerous to agricultural production, and ways of protection against them is shown. Climate assessment methods from positions of the general and private agroclimatic division into districts on the basis of meso - and microclimatic researches are considered.
Examples of agroclimatic justification of agrotechnical and agromeliorative receptions in agricultural production are given. In the present, the third, the edition the section on global climate change of Earth and scenarios of possible ecological consequences for agriculture of Russia is submitted. The question of use of geographic information systems in agricultural production is considered. The geography of examples of private agroclimatic division into districts is expanded. Questions and tasks to heads are processed and added.
It is intended for students of agricultural higher education institutions, it can also be used when studying the courses "Agricultural Meteorology" and "Agroklimatologiya" in other highest and average educational institutions.
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Andrei, J. V., and M. C. Dragoi, eds. The common agricultural policy and Romanian agriculture. Wallingford: CABI, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242201.0000.
Abstract This book is about Conservation Agriculture (the use of no tillage systems) to preserve soil structure and integrity. It has become an increasingly important step towards sustainable farming. This publication brings together conservation agriculture and climate smart decision making processes for the first time, focusing on Africa. This book brings to the fore scientific and empirical evidence about Conservation Agriculture in Africa, articulated by the Second Africa Congress on Conservation Agriculture (2ACCA) held in Johannesburg in 2018. It describes how farmers in Africa are successfully adopting Conservation Agriculture as an alternative to the unsustainable conventional farming practices and as a solution to loss of agricultural productivity, soil erosion and land degradation, climate change challenges and ever-increasing food insecurity. This work discusses how Conservation Agriculture can support the implementation of the African Union's Malabo Declaration and Agenda 2063 which calls for climate smart agricultural development. It provides development-oriented case studies and scientific evidence relevant to all stakeholders in the public, private and civil sectors who are engaged in building policy, institutional and human capacity to accelerate the mainstreaming of Conservation Agriculture across Africa.
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Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations., ed. Agricultural engineering in development: Agricultural tyres. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 1993.
Fereres, Elias, and Francisco J. Villalobos. "Agriculture and Agricultural Systems." In Principles of Agronomy for Sustainable Agriculture, 1–12. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46116-8_1.
Oliver, David M., and Louise A. Heathwaite. "Pathogen agriculture/agricultural soils pathogen transfer and Nutrient Transfer agriculture/agricultural soils nutrient transfer Through and Across Agricultural Soils agriculture/agricultural soils." In Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology, 7667–93. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0851-3_49.
Tisdell, Clement. "Agriculture and Agricultural Research Priorities." In Economic Development in the Context of China, 101–16. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230380189_7.
Kalmar, Ralf, Bernd Rauch, Jörg Dörr, and Peter Liggesmeyer. "Agricultural Data Space." In Designing Data Spaces, 279–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-93975-5_17.
AbstractThe digital transformation strongly affects the agricultural domain. Still, there is a lot of potential for optimization in many work and business processes. In the current agricultural digital ecosystem, numerous isolated, often non-interoperable solutions exist. In this chapter, we motivate the need and added value of an “Agricultural Data Space” (ADS for short). We outline an ADS concept, which resulted mainly from the Fraunhofer lighthouse project “Cognitive Agriculture” (COGNAC) and describe the necessary prerequisites and technical solution approaches. Complemented by the possibilities of a transparent and open marketplace for data, digital products, and software services, such a data space would address many of the existing obstacles to widespread acceptance and take-up of digital technologies. Overall, an ADS as part of an extended digital ecosystem will significantly advance digitalization in agriculture. In the end, we provide application scenarios for which an agricultural data space can add value.
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Thirsk, Joan. "Agricultural Innovations: An Agricultural Revolution?" In Agricultural Regions and Agrarian History in England, 1500–1750, 56–61. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-02802-3_5.
Shakoori, Ali. "Agricultural Policies and Agricultural Growth." In The State and Rural Development in Post-Revolutionary Iran, 99–125. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230513433_5.
Ekwamu, Adipala, Frans Swanepoel, Melody Mentz-Coetzee, Farai Kapfudzaruwa, and Kay Muir Leresche. "Agriculture and tertiary education within the context of global and African development goals." In Transforming tertiary agricultural education in Africa, 3–27. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789246544.0001.
Abstract This chapter explores African and global policy frameworks and strategies in order to highlight the role that the transformation of Africa's agricultural sector and tertiary agricultural education is envisaged to play in addressing developmental challenges in Africa. The main developmental agendas discussed, which anchor the transformation of African agriculture and education, are the global Agenda 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the Africa-focused Agenda 2063. Agenda 2063 is supported by the Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Programme (CAADP) and the Continental Education Strategy for Africa, 2016-2025 (CESA), which provide clear strategies for transforming Africa's agricultural and education sectors. Supporting these policy frameworks are strategies which focus on enhancing human capital development in agriculture, as well as promoting science, technology and innovation (STI) in agriculture. These strategies and frameworks - including the Science, Technology and Innovation Strategy for Africa 2024 (STISA) and the Agricultural Education and Skills Improvement Framework (AESIF) - are explored in greater depth.
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Hettenhaus, James. "Agricultural Residues." In Plant Biomass Conversion, 21–50. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470959138.ch2.
Sandor, Jonathan A., and Jeffrey A. Homburg. "Soils, Agricultural." In Encyclopedia of Geoarchaeology, 877–83. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4409-0_142.
Biswas, Asit K. "Agricultural Use." In Water Resources of North America, 181–90. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-10868-0_21.
Soytong, K., J. J. Song, and R. Tongon. "Agricultural Inputs for Organic Agriculture." In International Seminar on Promoting Local Resources for Sustainable Agriculture and Development (ISPLRSAD 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/absr.k.210609.079.
Tan, Sibel, Mehmet Hasdemir, and Bengü Everest. "Agricultural Support Policies in Turkey." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c06.01444.
Agriculture is the leading strategic sector of Turkey as it was in entire world. Despite this strategic significance, risks and uncertainties because of the dependency on natural conditions turn agriculture into a disadvantaged sector. Just because of those disadvantages, agriculture is protected with various support policies throughout the world. Agricultural policies of Turkey have initiated with institutionalization policies of the Republican period and progressed through product supports, input supports and low-interest credit implementations of the planned period. These policies experienced serious reforms at the beginning of 2000s. Within the scope of Agricultural Reforms Implementation Project (ARIP), agricultural supports were tried to be gathered under a single roof and Direct Income Support (DIS) implementations have started. The DIS implementations lasted for 8 years and terminated in 2008. Current agricultural policy tools are implemented as area-based supports, subsidiary payments, rural development and agricultural insurance supports. The budget allocated to agriculture and the share of agricultural supports in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Turkey did not exhibit much change in years. Considering the policies and supports provided in developed countries and especially in European Union (EU) countries, it is recommended for Turkey that share of agricultural supports in total budget should be increased to levels in those countries.
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Gül Yavuz, Gonca, Bülent Miran, and Tijen Özüdoğru. "Cereals Producers’ Agricultural Aims and Their Tendencies to Sustain Agricultural Production in Turkey." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c06.01341.
The change in income level and urbanization bring a different dimension to the demand to agricultural products from the food habits to supply food, increase the attention to the cereals production and enhance the agricultural effect of cereals which are the main food source of people and are used as feed and in industry. Cereals have the biggest share in agricultural production in terms of both production volume and sowing area in Turkey which produces a lot of agricultural products thanks to the climate and soil characteristics. In this study, in Turkey which is globally an important actor in cereals production and trade, the aims of producers in agricultural production and the factors in the process of making decision toward sustaining production are studied by the best-worst analysis method. Also, the relationship between the sustainability of the agriculture and cereals production, and the individual characteristics and farm structures of producers are examined by bivariate probit analysis method. In this context, study is conducted by 961 producers with face-to-face surveys in 14 provinces. According to the results, while “to increase living standards” is the most important agricultural aim, “good crop price” is the most important factor for sustainability of the agriculture. Moreover, education, agricultural experiences, household size, cereals area and total farm land are determined as the effective factors on sustainability.
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Freire, Maria, and Isabel Joaquina Ramos. "Agricultura em espaço urbano: dinâmicas antigas e recentes: o caso estudo da cidade de Évora." In Seminario Internacional de Investigación en Urbanismo. Barcelona: Maestría en Planeación Urbana y Regional. Pontificia Universidad Javeriana de Bogotá, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/siiu.6072.
O objetivo da investigação é melhorar o entendimento sobre o significado da componente agrícola em
espaço urbano para as sociedades e perspetivar estratégias no sentido de promover o património solo
agrícola e a permanência e sustentabilidade do uso agrícola em espaço urbano.
Se, no passado, a componente agrícola urbana estava intrinsecamente ligada aos domínios sociais e
económicos, no presente relaciona-se ainda com os domínios ecológicos e pedagógicos. Esta presença
traduz-se numa maior proximidade à natureza, como forma de procura de maior qualidade de vida urbana,
combinando-se com os anteriores domínios sociais e económicos, mais pronunciados em tempo de crise.
A investigação assenta nos conceitos de agricultura e de solo agrícola e aprofunda-se no conceito de
paisagem global. É exemplificada com a cidade de Évora, através da análise da dinâmica de evolução
urbana, associada à agricultura em espaço urbano. The aim of the research is to improve the understanding of agriculture in urban areas for societies and to
outline strategies to promote agricultural soils patrimony and the maintenance and sustainability of
agricultural use in urban space.
If, in the past, urban agriculture was particularly linked to the social and economic domains, today it is also
intensively related to the ecological and educational ones. This means a closer relation with nature, in order
to achieve a better quality of urban life, simultaneously with the social and economic fields, more evident in a
time of crisis.
The research is based on the concepts of agriculture and agricultural soils and is deepened in the concept of
global landscape. It is illustrated with the city of Évora, by the analysis of the dynamics of urban evolution
associated with agriculture in urban space.
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Némethová, Jana, and Melánia Feszterová,. "Agriculture Development of the Nitra Region in the Context of Slovakia after year 2004." In 27th edition of the Central European Conference with subtitle (Teaching) of regional geography. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9694-2020-12.
The agriculture in Slovakia has undergone structural changes since its accession to the European Union (EU) in 2004, that have been linked to the adoption of the Common Agricultural Policy of the EU Member States. The article focuses on the Nitra region as a typical agricultural region of Slovakia and its development from the agricultural point of view from 2004. Compared to other Slovak regions the Nitra region has good soil climatic ratios, for the development of agriculture. The Nitra region has the largest share of agricultural land which is characterized by a high-level share of arable land from total agricultural land. The region has the highest values in gross agricultural production from the 2004-2016 reporting period. It has good results in plant and livestock production. The region has the highest employment in agriculture. Despite the decline in agricultural land, as well as a decline in total employment in agriculture, the region has the highest employment in agriculture in Slovakia. It is characterized by a well-developed business structure for intensive agricultural production.
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KUROWSKA, Krystyna, and Roman RUDNICKI. "CHANGES IN LAND USE IN POLAND – COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PERIOD 2002–2010." In Rural Development 2015. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2015.114.
Land is the most important means of production in agriculture. Valuation of agricultural land resources takes into account the acreage and land quality. Changes in the land use structure are stimulated by many factors. It ought to be remembered that the farmland also provide space for purposes other than agriculture or forestry. The paper presents those changes in the land use structure in Poland which took place in the period of 2002–2010. On the basis of the data by the Central Statistical Office [GUS] and its Agricultural Censuses of 2002 and 2010 the authors propose an agricultural holding territorial importance indicator, land location indicator, change indicator for agricultural land turned into non-agricultural land and analyse the total area of agricultural holdings. The major determinants (internal and external factors) of those changes are also described. The aim of the study is to analyse the changes taking place in the Polish agriculture. They were taken into account natural, ecological and urban determinants as well as to the Common Agricultural Policy. The analyses were conducted at the level of voivodships and poviats and were contained agriculture land and non-agriculture land. The area of agricultural land is decreasing as it is being dedicated for other – non-agricultural – purposes, especially for housing purposes.
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Başaran, Burçin, Zehra Meliha Tengiz, and Yasemin Oraman. "Agricultural Faculty Students' Perspectives on the Future of Agriculture: Tekirdag Case." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c11.02336.
In spite of technological developments today, agriculture is still among the priority of all countries. The fact that the agricultural areas cannot be increased and the required nutritional needs of the growing population needed to be met, it makes agriculture strategic case for the countries. The continuity of agricultural activities has become dependent on the wishes of future generations to work in this sector in all countries.
Agricultural Faculties' students do not look positively in the agricultural sector in Turkey. Youths are directed to non-agricultural sectors due to low income in agriculture. However, students should be encouraged and supported in order for agricultural activities can be practiced by conscious and enthusiastic young people. The sustainability of agriculture depends on young's willingness to participate in the sector.
The aim of the study is to determine perspective of students in Faculty of Agriculture of Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University about future of agriculture. The data was obtained from 175 students in the 3. and the 4. classes. The data were analyzed statistically with SPSS 23.0 in terms of descriptive and inferential statistics. According to the results of the study; a significant difference was observed between girls and boys in terms of evaluating the current state of Turkish agriculture. 67.5% of students expect their future pessimistic and uncertain. The rate of those who expect their future as hopeful and optimistic was found to be 32.5% respectively.
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DRĂCEA, Raluca, and Laura CIOBANU. "THE CONTRIBUTION OF THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR TO ECONOMIC GROWTH IN ROMANIA." In Competitiveness of Agro-Food and Environmental Economy. Editura ASE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24818/cafee/2019/8/08.
Although agriculture is one of the main economic sectors of Romania, its contribution to GDP has constantly decreased over the last 28 years, from 23.00% in 1989 to 4.37% in 2017. This phenomenon is explained by the fact that Romania’s economy past from being an economy based on an agricultural structure to one based on services. Even though the contribution of agriculture to GDP formation is declining, Romania still has the largest share of the agricultural sector in the GDP structure from all the countries of the European Union – about 3 times higher than the European average, and also the highest share of agricultural land in the total land area. These aspects show that within the member countries of the European Union, Romania is the country most dependent on agriculture, with the largest number of people involved in agriculture and with the largest share of agricultural areas in total. In this context, the paper analyzes the impact of the agricultural sector on Romania’s economic growth, between 2000-2017. The empirical analysis is based on three independent variables (agricultural production, public expenditure on agriculture and direct investment in agriculture) and one dependent variable (GDP at constant prices). The data panel consists of information provided by the NIS (National Institute of Statistics), and the data are analyzed using multiple regression.
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Sulaimanova, Burulcha, and Daniyar Jasoolov. "The Gender Gap in Agricultural Productivity in Kyrgyzstan." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c10.02039.
More than two third of total population of Kyrgyzstan are living in rural areas, and the agricultural sector of Kyrgyzstan employs nearly the half of labor force and have export oriented output production with over than 384 thousand peasant farms. The share of employed women in agriculture compromised the 44 % of total agricultural labor force. However the low economic efficiency and competitiveness of farmers in regional market, market imperfections in agriculture impedes the economic growth of this sector. This research aims to investigate gender gap in agricultural productivity among farm entrepreneurs in Kyrgyzstan. The agricultural labor productivity gap decomposed by various types of market imperfections, and empirically estimated by “Life in Kyrgyzstan” survey data for 2013 year.
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Skryl, Tatiana V., Vladimir S. Osipov, and Sergey V. Zhevora. "Digital Agriculture: Possibilities For Agricultural Insurance Evolution." In Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Economic and Business Management (FEBM 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/febm-18.2018.42.
Wright, Brian, and Tiffany Shih. Agricultural Innovation. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, March 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w15793.
Rubin, Deborah, Brenda Boonabaana, and Cristina Manfre. Building an inclusive agriculture: Strengthening gender equality in agricultural value chains. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/9780896293649_06.
Laborde Debucquet, David, Abdullah Mamun, Will Martin, Valeria Piñeiro, and Rob Vos. Modeling the impacts of agricultural support policies on emissions from agriculture. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.133852.
Laborde, David, Abdullah Mamun, Will Martin, Valeria Piñeiro, and Rob Vos. Modeling the Impacts of Agricultural Support Policies on Emissions from Agriculture. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w27202.
Whiteside, Martin. From Field Research to Policy Change - Lessons from FAC and APRA. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2021.019.
The Institute of Development Studies has led consortia of UK and African organisations in two large programmes of agricultural policy research: the original Future Agricultures Consortium programme, running from 2005 to 2014, and the successive Agricultural Policy Research in Africa programme, from 2016 to 2022. These programmes involved African field research teams, linked to African Universities, and conducting policy-relevant research into key issues relative to the future of agriculture in Africa and inclusive agricultural commercialisation (APRA). A component of both programmes was to use the evidence collected to influence the policy environment in favour of productive, sustainable, and inclusive agriculture. This paper explores what has been learnt in these two programmes about using field research evidence to improve agricultural policy.
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Hazell, Peter. Topic Guide: Agricultural productivity. Evidence on Demand, May 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.12774/eod_tg.may2014.hazell.
Kolavalli, Shashidhara. Developing agricultural value chains. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/9780198845348_08.
Research Institute (IFPRI), International Food Policy. Unlocking Africa’s agricultural potential. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/9780896292123_16.
Takeshima, Hiroyuki, and Akeem Lawal. Agricultural mechanization in Tanzania. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/9780896293809_14.
