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Journal articles on the topic 'Agri-environmental regulation'
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DE VILLIERS, CHARL C., and RICHARD C. HILL. "ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORKS AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO FARM-LEVEL EIA IN A GLOBAL BIODIVERSITY HOTSPOT: A PROPOSAL FROM THE CAPE FLORISTIC REGION, SOUTH AFRICA." Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 10, no. 04 (December 2008): 333–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1464333208003172.
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Cultivation has been the primary driver of habitat transformation in South Africa. This paper explores the effectiveness of agricultural and, latterly, Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) authorisation procedures in stemming biodiversity loss resulting from cultivation in the lowlands of the Cape Floristic Region, a global biodiversity hotspot. Owing to an activity-based focus, agri-environmental regulation has been largely unable to mitigate the cumulative effects of large-scale land clearance in threatened ecosystems. Case studies in the Sandveld and Slanghoek districts are used to argue that revised EIA regulations published in 2006 partly perpetuate the structural shortcomings of activity-based EIA. An ecosystem-based strategy for agri-environmental screening in biodiversity hotspots is introduced, drawing on conservation plans, the agricultural LandCare programme and the provision for Environmental Management Frameworks (EMF) in the 2006 EIA regulations. "Agri-EMFs", as a collaborative initiative that involves government, agricultural and non-governmental representatives, may present an effective alternative to the inefficiencies of project-level EIA.
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Kissné Nagy, Csilla. "Agri-environmental schemes in the European Union." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 58 (April 8, 2014): 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/58/1982.
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Some details on agri-environmental measures in EU have been presented in this paper. Territorial, financial and regulation-specific aspects have been investigated based on statistics from EUROSTAT and ENFRD reports. It has been concluded, that AES shows a much diversified picture in the EU. For example, by 2009 the old members and new member states of EU had different proportions of agricultural area (25% and 10%, respectively), where AES had been introduced. Differences in AES are remarkable both at the level of member states as well as in the amounts of payments per hectare. The reasons behind this are the different national conditions and approaches on AES as well as differences in time these measures had been introduced in member countries. The final conclusion is that further increases may be expected in the coming years regarding the area involved in different agri-environmental measures and the total amount of AES payments in the EU.
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Jana, Polakova. "Is economic institutional adaptation feasible for agri-environmental policy? Case of Good Agricultural and Environmental Condition standards." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 64, No. 10 (October 24, 2018): 456–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/138/2017-agricecon.
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This review focuses on Czech implementation of standards for soil and water protection called Good Agricultural and Environmental Conditions (GAEC), with linkage to the European Union (EU) level. I investigate different elements of adaptive institutional economics: (i) summarise current knowledge regarding the social reasons for introducing GAEC; (ii) assess the evidence linked to GAEC to better understand the potential as well as boundaries of formalizing cause-effect links; (iii) clarify the pertinence of producers’ claims on costs accruing from GAEC implementation. These three points highlight the thesis of this paper: implementation in farmers’ practices of the theoretical concept of sustainability in terms of bridging together economics, society and the environment. The economic reasoning for GAEC introduction within adaptive institutional economics stems from the relational positioning of the knowledge of the costs of the impact of agricultural land use on other characteristic rural land uses. GAEC are needed, albeit the size of support obtained by producers surpasses the costs of complying; therefore, the result pays off for farms. We have learned that GAEC implementation is important from regional to EU levels and that its role is more related to economic institutional adaptation than to regulation. Adaptation of institutional economics is therefore feasible, making it possible to understand GAEC as a network which manages and enables knowledge transfer linked directly to regulation. Institutional economics can link sustainability with farmers’ practices and accounts for the behaviour of the farmers. In this review, I find that, for society, it is necessary to require measurement of agri-environmental outcomes for water resources, soil and biodiversity through GAEC at appropriate scales. These scales are likely to be relevant to adaptive institutional economy localities perceived by the rural public.
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BARBAKOV, Oleg M., Galina A. GERASIMOVA, and Dmitry A. PEZIN. "Social and Environmental Mechanisms of Management in Agri-Business." Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism 10, no. 3 (July 25, 2019): 660. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505//jemt.v10.3(35).20.
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Existing technologies and technological processes in production areas in the overwhelming majority are open systems in which natural resources are inefficiently used and significant waste is generated. Irrational water use and environmental degradation in traditional irrigation zones necessitate an analysis of the problems of environmental assessment and the applicability of irrigation systems, which makes this study relevant. The article aims to develop a methodology for assessing the technological process in agrolandscape systems from the point of view of resource conservation, ensuring strict regulation of environmentally friendly and waste-free technology and technological schemes for irrigating crops. The main principles of non-waste production process technologies are used. On the basis of them, a system of integral criteria for assessing the environmental reliability of irrigation technology and irrigation systems is presented, which allows creating an environmentally safe resource-saving technological process in agrolandscape systems. It was concluded that the task of managing the agro-industrial complex should be the creation of environmentally sustainable agricultural landscapes. The results of the study can be the basis for the formation of sustainable management decisions in the management of the agro-industrial complex from the standpoint of resource saving
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Lockie, Stewart, and Vaughan Higgins. "Roll-out neoliberalism and hybrid practices of regulation in Australian agri-environmental governance." Journal of Rural Studies 23, no. 1 (January 2007): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2006.09.011.
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Attorp, Adrienne. "Agricultural Pollution and Waterways on the Island of Ireland: Towards Effective Policy Solutions." Water 14, no. 4 (February 10, 2022): 528. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14040528.
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In the UK, Ireland and Europe generally, much attention has been devoted to understanding how the agri-food sector has leveraged disproportionate focus and support through its influence in the policymaking area. What has received less focus is how power is distributed within the agriculture sector, i.e., why/how some agricultural industries are more ‘successful’ or receive more focus than others, and what this means for policy. Researchers typically treat ‘farmers’ as a monolith, for example, focusing on the power of the ‘farming lobby’ versus that of other interest groups such as environmentalists. This tells us only part of the picture; power distributions within the agriculture industry itself also have implications for policy. Using empirical qualitative research (interviews, focus groups) conducted on the island of Ireland, this paper shows how some agri-food sectors (e.g., dairy) hold more power than others meaning they can resist important regulation such as water pollution initiatives. This renders such regulation ineffective. Meanwhile, other sectors (e.g., beef and sheep) are left out of the conversation, which compromises potential policy solutions. It argues that for future policies to adequately address the challenge of agriculture-related environmental degradation and support the resilience of the ecosystems upon which food production depends, agri-food system governance must become more equitable and nuanced, allowing for tangible consideration of the challenges that different agriculture sectors face.
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Jones, A., and J. R. A. Clark. "The Agri-Environment Regulation EU 2078/92: The Role of the European Commission in Policy Shaping and Setting." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 16, no. 1 (February 1998): 51–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c160051.
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We examine the role of the European Commission in the formulation and negotiation of a Council regulation on agri-environmental policy (EU 2078/92). We show how this regulation was shaped largely by political opportunism and financial and administrative realities, rather than by stringent environmental considerations and targets, We also reveal how the debate over EU 2078/92 has been dominated by only a few actors at supranational and national levels, and identify the key role played by the European Commission at all stages of the progress of the regulation through the route ways of the European Union's (EU) decisionmaking process. Of further interest is the way in which well-established agricultural policy communities have attempted to keep a tight rein on the development of the regulation in order to prevent this new policy area from being infiltrated by nonagricultural interests. For such interests, the regulation provided an opportunity to penetrate the long-established policy network surrounding agriculture in the EU.
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Balázs, Katalin. "Success of agri-environment schemes in conserving biodiversity: review of mid-term evaluation reports of selected member states on the rural development regulation." Tájökológiai Lapok 5, no. 1 (July 18, 2007): 59–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.56617/tl.4363.
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Integration of environmental and biological diversity conservation considerations into agriculture is a fast developing priority in European agricultural policy. Agri-environment schemes (AESs) are the main vehicles to deliver this integrative approach at the moment. Member States’ mid-term rural development review reports (2003) and within that Member States’ response to the European Commission’s Common Evaluation Questions (CEQs), in particular, are seen as being the most recent official information source to get an overall picture on the status and environmental efficiency of AESs in contributing to biodiversity conservation. The objectives of this paper is to provide an overview of the results and quality levels of AES monitoring and evaluation with special regard to biodiversity conservation in some Member States (MS) and to summarise some best practice examples. It is concluded that Member States had short time so far to assess and quantify the environmental outcomes of agri-environmental (AE) measures of the 2000–2006 programming period. Overall, based on indirect assessments and some actual research there are signs of positive effects of AE measures on biodiversity but in many case these do not always fully meet the scientific criteria. More comprehensive environmental monitoring systems should be based on adequate scheme administration and procedures that also record aspects to be used as basis for environmental monitoring, proper monitoring data management system and techniques linked to planned and representative monitoring research and regular fieldwork.
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Badolati, Nadia, Raffaello Masselli, Maria Maisto, Alessandro Di Minno, Gian Carlo Tenore, Mariano Stornaiuolo, and Ettore Novellino. "Genotoxicity Assessment of Three Nutraceuticals Containing Natural Antioxidants Extracted from Agri-Food Waste Biomasses." Foods 9, no. 10 (October 14, 2020): 1461. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9101461.
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Grapes and apples are the most cultivated fruits in the Mediterranean basin and their agricultural processing is responsible for the production of a large amount of bio-waste. The reuse of this food biomass would increase the volume of recyclable/renewable biomaterial and lower the environmental impact due to the increasing demand for these biological products. To this purpose, agri-food waste from grape and apple processing have become an important source of phytochemicals, and many pharmaceutical industries are using it as starting material to produce dietary supplements, functional foods, and food additives for human consumption. In virtue of the chemical diversity and complexity of agri-food biowaste, developers and producers of nutraceuticals are advised to assess the safety of their final nutraceutical products, in compliance with European Food Safety Authority regulation. Here, we use the Ames test to assess the mutagenicity of three nutraceuticals obtained from agri-food waste biomasses: Taurisolo® from grape pomace of Vitis vinifera L. cv ‘Aglianico’, AnnurComplex® from Malus pumila M. cv ‘Annurca’ and Limoncella Apple Extract from Malus domestica B. cv ‘Limoncella’. The results showed that all three nutraceuticals were non-mutagenic.
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Clark, J. R. A., A. Jones, C. A. Potter, and M. Lobley. "Conceptualising the Evolution of the European Union's Agri-Environment Policy: A Discourse Approach." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 29, no. 10 (October 1997): 1869–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a291869.
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Recent studies of the ‘greening’ process in contemporary agricultural policy have been focused chiefly on its outcomes, rather than on an assessment of the public policy significance of the underlying process. We address this question by conceptualising how greening has been mediated by agricultural policy precepts of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) of the European Union (EU). We examine how farmers' responsibilities pertaining to environmental protection and nature conservation were formalised by policy elites at the supranational level to be supportive of the core principles of the CAP. We suggest that this formalisation, culminating in 1992 with the EU's agri-environment Regulation, has enabled farming interests to use their new environmental management brief as a key element in the industry's struggle to legitimise its historic policy entitlements in the postproduction area. The theoretical basis of this paper draws upon Majone's discourse model of policy change, founded on political science and social learning literatures. We use the explanatory concepts of this model to clarify the evolution of the agri-environment initiative through textual analysis of published and confidential EU agriculture documents from the period 1973–91. Documentary evidence is corroborated by responses from semistructured interviews with senior European Commission officials in the agriculture Directorate, Directorate-General VI, involved in the policy's initiation. The core principles of the CAP emerge as crucial in shaping evolution of the EU agri-environment policy. We define the most important of these principles as occupancy of agricultural land with the aim of ensuring rural stability; and the perceived centrality of the small-scale and family farmer to the (re)structuring of rural space.
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Moreno-Miranda, Carlos, Jeanette Jordán, Raúl Moreno, Pablo Moreno, and Jenny Solis. "Protected Designation of Origin and Sustainability Characterization: The Case of PDO Cocoa Arriba." Agriculture 9, no. 10 (October 22, 2019): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture9100229.
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The employment of Protected Designations of Origin (PDO) in agri-food products through recognized chains has a fundamental economic role in Ecuador. A substantial amount of research has focused on examining the crop performance of PDO products. However, there is a shift in the agri-food chain perspective towards more sustainable models. In this respect, social, economic, and institutional aspects are consequential and contribute to the agri-food sector development. The current rise in market opportunities at the local and international level drives support for them. This study aims to analyze socio-economic and governance components, in order to understand the PDO Cocoa Arriba (Theobroma cacao) chain sustainability performance and propose potential future strategies. Principal Components Analysis was used to contribute relevant insight. This framework applies accounts with a revision of primary and supporting activities. The investigation clustered pre-production, production, and post-production tiers. It also executed food chain mapping and identified chain actors. Results suggested several viable long-term strategies. Examples of these strategies include the enhancement of national regulation to assist chain actors, and the stimulus of young producers and empowerment of associations. The main contribution to the research was the application of governance mechanisms to comprehensively assess chain performance. Based on the results, we recommend incorporating new indicators to analyze the environmental and institutional components in detail.
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Polyanskaya, N. M., A. A. Kolesnyak, E. B. Naydanova, and I. A. Kolesnyak. "Agri-food strategy of the People’s Republic of China: key «lessons» for Russia." Economy of agricultural and processing enterprises, no. 4 (2021): 2–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.31442/0235-2494-2021-0-4-2-9.
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World events against the background of the COVID-19 pandemic have shown how important it is for each country to strengthen its food security. The article is devoted to the study and understanding of China’s experience in solving the food problem. Special emphasis is placed on the integrated approach of the Chinese government to the implementation of agricultural policy, primarily on the regulation of land use, rural development, taxation, lending, insurance of farmers, solving environmental problems and problems of poverty of the population. Based on the experience of China, the main tasks that are relevant and strategically important for Russia in the field of agri-food policy formation are identified.
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Polyanskaya, Natalya M. "AGRI-FOOD STRATEGY: THE EXPERIENCE OF DEVELOPED COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD." Society and Security Insights 5, no. 4 (January 27, 2023): 37–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/ssi(2022)4-02.
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One of the main elements of national security is food security. The aggravation of geopolitical challenges has an impact on the state of food security, which, meanwhile, depends on the historical, political, environmental and economic prerequisites inherent in each country. Therefore, it is necessary to balance the management decisions of the state in the field of internal socio-economic processes with foreign policy decisions. It is necessary to clearly define the strategic priorities of socio-economic policy in the direction of ensuring food security. This article summarizes successful mechanisms and methods of state regulation and support of the agro-food sector based on the study of the experience of developed countries of the world. Priority directions of Russia's agri-food strategy for the near future are proposed.
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D'Addezio, Mariarita. "Le attivitĂ di servizi agroambientali nell'ordinamento giuridico sopranazionale italiano e comunitario: questioni di qualificazione." AGRICOLTURA ISTITUZIONI MERCATI, no. 2 (August 2009): 9–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/aim2008-002002.
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- The paper exams the relationship between agriculture and environment that has been implemented by the European Community. The changing of the role of the agriculture in society is functional to the European goal of reinforcement of the economic and social cohesion, increasing the traditional attitude of the prime sector to collect different interests. Nearby the principal activities there are now environmental services, i.e. running and maintenance of woods and forest areas. According to national and European Law, some of those environmental services can be considered public services performed for general interests. For the Author, there are two categories of environmental services. One includes those services that are carried out by agri-businesses "widely identified" (i.e. activities due to articles 9 and 17 of the Italian Law n. 97/1994 and articles 14, par. 3 and 15, par. 2 of the legislative decree n. 228/2001, and due to the European regulation n. 1782/2003); the second category includes environmental services that are foreseen by the European regulation n. 1698/2005, and are performed by farmers only when are useful for environmental goals.Parole chiave: agricoltura, ambiente, servizi ambientali, legislazione nazionale e comunitaria.Key words: Agricultural, Environment, Environmental Services, National and European Law.
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Gorton, Matthew, Vlade Zarić, Philip Lowe, and Steve Quarrie. "Public and private agri-environmental regulation in post-socialist economies: Evidence from the Serbian Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Sector." Journal of Rural Studies 27, no. 2 (April 2011): 144–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2010.12.002.
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Yedoti, Venkateswarlu, N. Supraja, and Kiranmai Chadipiralla. "Review on Nanotechnology in Organic Fertilizers: A Sustainable Agricultural Revolution." International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 36, no. 6 (April 18, 2024): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i64601.
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Nanotechnology has emerged as a promising frontier in agriculture, offering innovative solutions to enhance the efficiency and sustainability of organic fertilizers. Organic farming practices, known for their environmental benefits and reduced chemical inputs, often face challenges in nutrient delivery and crop yield optimization. The global agricultural industry faces increasing challenges in feeding a growing population while minimizing environmental impacts. In this context, nanotechnology has emerged as a transformative tool in the development of organic fertilizers. This abstract provides a concise overview of the application of nanotechnology in organic fertilizers, highlighting its potential to revolutionize sustainable agriculture. However, the utilization of nanotechnology in organic fertilizers also raises concerns regarding potential environmental and health risks associated with nanoparticles. Careful research, regulation, and risk assessment before approval of any nanotechnology-based agri-product. This includes evaluating the toxicity of the nanomaterials used, the potential for environmental release, and the impact on human health are essential to ensure the safe and responsible application of nanomaterial’s in agriculture.
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Mathijs, Erik. "Social Capital and Farmers' Willingness to Adopt Countryside Stewardship Schemes." Outlook on Agriculture 32, no. 1 (March 2003): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/000000003101294217.
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The EU provides farmers with incentives to adopt Countryside Stewardship Schemes (CSS) using subsidies in the framework of the agri-environmental regulation of the EU (2078/92), now included in the more general regulation on rural development. In this paper, a case study of 36 farmers in the village of Bierbeek was carried out to investigate the determinants of the willingness to adopt a scheme involving taking care of arable field margins in particular. Bivariate and multivariate logit analysis confirmed not only the importance of personal, structural and financial factors, but also showed the importance of social capital. Farmers who are more open to both professional and non-professional contacts are more likely to adopt a CSS. Hence, government and extension agencies should undertake more efforts to involve farmers as much as possible in activities of a professional and/or non-professional nature to stimulate them to adopt sustainable farming practices.
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Batini, Nicoletta. "Transforming Agri-Food Sectors to Mitigate Climate Change: The Role of Green Finance." Green Finance: Case Studies 88, no. 3 (July 1, 2019): 7–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3790/vjh.88.3.7.
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Summary: Globally, food systems have become heavily industrialized and are currently threatening both environmental sustainability and human health. Feeding a growing world while remaining within safe social-ecological planetary boundaries, as dictated by the UN Social Development Goals and the Paris Climate Agreement, is feasible but requires a paradigmatic shift in agricultural value chains and their financing: a “Great Food Transformation.” Tracing today’s agri-food main global developmental and financial trends, this paper proposes a set of financially-oriented public policies to accelerate this transition with a focus on advanced and large emerging market economies. Suggested measures include public lending, insurance and guarantee schemes to aid the transition; financial training schemes; changes to prudential regulation to account for financial risks of non-sustainable farming; alongside a bolder approach to ESG investment of public funds and steps to expand green and sustainable bond markets.
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Christensen, Andreas Aa, Peter S. Andersen, Chris Kjeldsen, Morten Graversgaard, Erling Andersen, Kristoffer Piil, Tommy Dalgaard, Jørgen E. Olesen, and Henrik Vejre. "Achieving Sustainable Nitrogen Management in Mixed Farming Landscapes Based on Collaborative Planning." Sustainability 13, no. 4 (February 17, 2021): 2140. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13042140.
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Regulation of nitrogen (N) loss from the agri-environment is a global challenge with dire consequences for food production and environmental management. This is also the case in Denmark where regulation largely relies on general measures for reducing N inputs. These measures have significantly reduced nitrogen emissions, but further reduction is needed to achieve sustainable low levels of N transport to freshwater and marine ecosystems in compliance with standards set by the EU Water Framework Directive. As an alternative to general regulation, we tested a watershed-based, collaborative planning approach, engaging stakeholders in solution identification. Six watersheds with substantial agricultural production were used as test areas. A collaborative planning process of two stakeholder workshops embedded within a scenario formulation process was executed. Stakeholder inputs about possible, desirable and sustainable futures were used to formulate scenarios, for which N reduction effects were calculated. Upon conclusion of this process, results were assessed using a structured evaluation method. Results indicate that the process we tested was successful in terms of (1) engaging relevant stakeholders, (2) providing relevant data, (3) achieving processual flexibility, (4) including local knowledge and (5) facilitating a creative and explorative process. On this basis, suggestions for improving collaborative planning processes are provided.
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Bancerz, Margaret. "New CSR in the food system: Industry and non-traditional corporate food interests." Canadian Food Studies / La Revue canadienne des études sur l'alimentation 3, no. 2 (December 15, 2016): 127–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15353/cfs-rcea.v3i2.171.
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Throughout the twentieth century, the food system has not only undergone changes in structure and in process, but has shown a growing transformation in food system governance. Often this transformation involves private actors engaging in the policymaking and governance arena. This paper draws on corporate social responsibility (CSR) as a private governance mechanism that is frequently used by corporate food actors. The rise of industry’s participation in non-traditional corporate food interests (NTCFIs), or social and environmental concerns, will be explored by drawing on changing governance structures in the food system. NTCFIs move beyond traditional interests of corporate actors such as trade, economic regulation, and competitiveness, and reach into social and environmental issues found in the food system that are often a result of agri-food production and its business practices. This paper problematizes the increased CSR of corporate actors in social and environmental issues in the food system. It considers both sides of the debate – an optimistic view of business engaging in NTCFIs, and a more skeptical view. It concludes by stating that given the power and resources of corporate food actors, they should be involved in food system change at arm’s length in a tripartite partnership: civil society, government, and the corporate sector.
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Sun, Bo, Yongming Luo, Dianlin Yang, Jingsong Yang, Yuguo Zhao, and Jiabao Zhang. "Coordinative Management of Soil Resources and Agricultural Farmland Environment for Food Security and Sustainable Development in China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 4 (February 12, 2023): 3233. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043233.
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Major problems in China’s pursuit of sustainable agricultural development include inadequate, low-quality soil and water resources, imbalanced regional allocation and unreasonable utilization of resources. In some regions, overexploitation of soil resources and excessive use of chemicals triggered a web of unforeseen consequences, including insufficient use of agricultural resources, agricultural non-point source pollution and land degradation. In the past decade, China has changed its path of agricultural development from an output-oriented one to a modern, sustainable one with agricultural ecological civilization as its goal. First, the government has formulated and improved its laws and regulations on soil resources and the environment. Second, the government has conducted serious actions to ensure food safety and coordinated management of agricultural resources. Third, the government has planned to establish national agricultural high-tech industry demonstration zones based on regional features to strengthen the connection among the government, agri-businesses, scientific community and the farming community. As the next step, the government should improve the system for ecological and environmental regulation and set up a feasible eco-incentive mechanism. At the same time, the scientific community should strengthen the innovation of bottleneck technologies and the development of whole solutions for sustainable management in ecologically fragile regions. This will enhance the alignment between policy mechanisms and technology modes and effectively promote the sustainable development of agriculture in China.
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Marcotrigiano, Vincenzo, Sandro Cinquetti, Riccardo Flamini, Mirko De Rosso, Luca Ferraro, Saverio Petrilli, Matilde Poggi, et al. "Safety in Wine Production: A Pilot Study on the Quality Evaluation of Prosecco Wine in the Framework of UE Regulation." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 9 (May 8, 2020): 3283. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17093283.
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In Italy, wine production is considered a sector of excellence, where the wines’ appreciable sensory features are favored by environmental factors, including weather and climate conditions, which benefit territories with a specific vocation. The whole chain involves many economic and agri-food sector operators, and requires an in-depth assessment of specific risks for identifying critical points, keeping the entire production process under control, and ensuring product traceability. This article describes the results of a pilot study conducted in the Prosecco DOCG (Designations of Controlled and Guaranteed Origin) area, concerning the detection of residues of plant protection products in fifty wine bottles. Although considerably below the maximum residue levels, all the samples tested were positive, ranging from two to five active substances detected in each sample. In addition to the provisions of the European Community legislation, this paper critically evaluates some best practices models that are already used by the Wine Federations of Italy, with the aim of identifying advantages of and areas for improvement in production methods, applicable to raw materials reception, rasping, storage, and bottling phases, in order to guarantee product safety and quality.
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Seryj, Fedor Georgievich, and Roman Valerevich Zelepukin. "Review of the All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference with International Participation “Current Problems of Agricultural Law” (October 16–19, 2019)." Current Issues of the State and Law, no. 12 (2019): 581–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/2587-9340-2019-3-12-581-591.
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We present the review of the All-Russian scientific and practical conference with international participation “Current problems of agricultural law” held on October 16–19, 2019 with the support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Project no. 19-01-20101). The conference program included the work of the plenary session, seven sections: “General issues of agricultural law”, “State regulation of the agricultural sector”, “Problems of legal support of organic production, selection and seed production, nursery farming”, “Problems of legal support of crop production and animal breed-ing”, “Relationship of agricultural and land law”, “Relationship of agricul-tural and environmental law”, “School of young scientists”. At the same time with the conference, refresher courses “Agricultural, land and environmental law” were organized. The conference was attended by researchers, research workers, lecturers of educational institutions, specialists in the field of agri-cultural and other branches of law, representatives of state authorities, experts in the field of agriculture. Participants of the conference during numerous debates discussed the situation in the regulatory legal framework for the activities of the agroindustrial complex of the Russian Federation and recognized the need to strengthen coordination of work in this area, the starting point of which was the past conference, and also came to the conclusions set forth in the Decision.
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Udugama, J. M. M., and U. K. Jayasinghe-Mudalige. "Role of regulation for firms to adopt environmental controls: an analysis based on panel data on solid waste management in agri-food processing sector in Sri Lanka." Journal of Environmental Professionals Sri Lanka 2, no. 1 (July 8, 2013): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/jepsl.v2i1.5751.
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Vercammen, James. "Agri-Environmental Regulations, Policies, and Programs." Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie 59, no. 1 (January 13, 2011): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7976.2010.01210.x.
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Hotelier-Rous, Noémie, Geneviève Laroche, Ève Durocher, David Rivest, Alain Olivier, Fabien Liagre, and Alain Cogliastro. "Temperate Agroforestry Development: The Case of Québec and of France." Sustainability 12, no. 17 (September 3, 2020): 7227. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12177227.
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This study sought to shed light on the political and organizational dynamics favoring the deployment of agroforestry in temperate environments. Development paths of agroforestry practices in Québec (Canada) and France were analyzed regarding five different issues: political status and recognition, regulation and financing, knowledge acquisition, knowledge transfer and training, development actors and implementation in the field. Scientific studies and results continue to accumulate concerning temperate agroforestry and its environmental benefits. Political recognition of the field appears to be stronger in France (and the EU), which makes state financial aid conditional upon the adoption of the practices. In Québec, only the Ministry of Agriculture provides limited support. It financially assists research at a moderate level, as well as the installation and maintenance of trees by participating farmers to perform specific functions, i.e., erosion control, water quality, and biodiversity. A large number of actors are active in France, where efforts are being made to improve consultation and to reduce redundancy. Stakeholders in Québec are linked to the broader agri-environment field and act partially through agroforestry, according to varying degrees of competency, creating a disparity between regions. Recognition at the highest level, i.e., training for councillors and advisors, greater flexibility in obtaining assistance, inclusion of a greater diversity of systems, and a structure that ensures promotion and consultation, would favour the further development of agroforestry in the industrialized nations of the temperate zone.
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Khansa Dewi Fakhira and Endang Dwiyanti. "Overview of noise measurement results at PT. Japfa Comfeed Indonesia, Tbk Plant Gedangan." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 21, no. 1 (January 30, 2024): 2867–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.21.1.0400.
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PT. Japfa Comfeed Indonesia, Tbk Plant Gedangan is the largest and leading agri-food company in the country, specializing in the feed mill industry. In every workplace, there is a potential for hazards, and one of them is noise. Noise levels exceeding the threshold values can lead to hearing impairment and the risk of damage to the ears, both temporary and permanent. Therefore, the objective of this research is to serve as an evaluation to prevent work-related diseases caused by noise exposure. This qualitative research with a descriptive approach aims to illustrate the actual conditions related to the results of noise measurements at PT. Japfa Comfeed Indonesia, Tbk Plant Gedangan. Routine noise level measurements in the work environment are conducted once a year with the assistance of PT. Envilab Indonesia. The environmental noise level measurements for the year 2022 were carried out in three work areas, including the pellet mill machine area with a result of 81.5 dB for 2 hours/day, the second-floor production hammer mill area with a result of 85.9 dB for 15 minutes/day, and the production basement hammer mill area with a result of 83.4 dB for 10 minutes/day. The conclusion of this research is that the noise levels in the three areas of PT. Japfa Comfeed Indonesia, Tbk Plant Gedangan are still in accordance with the threshold values specified in the Indonesian Ministry of Manpower Regulation No. 5 of 2018.
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Melchior, Inga C., and Jens Newig. "Governing Transitions towards Sustainable Agriculture—Taking Stock of an Emerging Field of Research." Sustainability 13, no. 2 (January 8, 2021): 528. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13020528.
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The need for fundamental changes in the way humans interact with nature is now widely acknowledged in order to achieve sustainable development. Agriculture figures prominently in this quest, being both a major driver and a major threat to global sustainability. Agricultural systems typically have co-evolved with other societal structures—retailers, land management, technology, consumer habits, and environmental and agricultural law—and can therefore well be described as socio-technical regimes in the sense of the sustainability transitions literature. This paper aims to give an overview of the emerging field of governing transitions to sustainability agriculture and the topics and trends covered, focusing on how agricultural transitions are being governed through a variety of actors and at a variety of levels. We conduct a systematic review of 153 articles published before the year 2019. We identify two main perspectives: papers that analyse the status quo in farming practices and reasons for lock-in, and papers that explore potential transition pathways and their governance. Predominantly, papers study (local) niche developments and discuss governance options for upscaling, rather than actual regime change. Seven distinct perspectives emerge from our reading of the selected articles: application of theoretical perspectives from the literature on socio-technical transitions; governance and regulation; knowledge and learning; concrete approaches to reduce the environmental impact of agricultural systems; urbanisation, urban agriculture, and local food networks; the role of agri-food businesses; as well as the role of gender. While a variety of local case studies shows potential for small-scale changes that might be transferable to other regions and higher levels of governance, it generally appears that more integrative, comparative work and perhaps more coherence in conceptual approaches would benefit the currently highly fragmented field.
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Melchior, Inga C., and Jens Newig. "Governing Transitions towards Sustainable Agriculture—Taking Stock of an Emerging Field of Research." Sustainability 13, no. 2 (January 8, 2021): 528. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13020528.
Full textAbstract:
The need for fundamental changes in the way humans interact with nature is now widely acknowledged in order to achieve sustainable development. Agriculture figures prominently in this quest, being both a major driver and a major threat to global sustainability. Agricultural systems typically have co-evolved with other societal structures—retailers, land management, technology, consumer habits, and environmental and agricultural law—and can therefore well be described as socio-technical regimes in the sense of the sustainability transitions literature. This paper aims to give an overview of the emerging field of governing transitions to sustainability agriculture and the topics and trends covered, focusing on how agricultural transitions are being governed through a variety of actors and at a variety of levels. We conduct a systematic review of 153 articles published before the year 2019. We identify two main perspectives: papers that analyse the status quo in farming practices and reasons for lock-in, and papers that explore potential transition pathways and their governance. Predominantly, papers study (local) niche developments and discuss governance options for upscaling, rather than actual regime change. Seven distinct perspectives emerge from our reading of the selected articles: application of theoretical perspectives from the literature on socio-technical transitions; governance and regulation; knowledge and learning; concrete approaches to reduce the environmental impact of agricultural systems; urbanisation, urban agriculture, and local food networks; the role of agri-food businesses; as well as the role of gender. While a variety of local case studies shows potential for small-scale changes that might be transferable to other regions and higher levels of governance, it generally appears that more integrative, comparative work and perhaps more coherence in conceptual approaches would benefit the currently highly fragmented field.
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Singh, Shweta Rajkumar, Alvin Qijia Chua, Sok Teng Tan, Clarence C. Tam, Li Yang Hsu, and Helena Legido-Quigley. "Combating Antimicrobial Resistance in Singapore: A Qualitative Study Exploring the Policy Context, Challenges, Facilitators, and Proposed Strategies." Antibiotics 8, no. 4 (October 29, 2019): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics8040201.
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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global public health threat that warrants urgent attention. However, the multifaceted nature of AMR often complicates the development and implementation of comprehensive policies. In this study, we describe the policy context and explore experts’ perspectives on the challenges, facilitators, and strategies for combating AMR in Singapore. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 21 participants. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and were analyzed thematically, adopting an interpretative approach. Participants reported that the Ministry of Health (MOH) has effectively funded AMR control programs and research in all public hospitals. In addition, a preexisting One Health platform, among MOH, Agri-Food & Veterinary Authority (restructured to form the Singapore Food Agency and the Animal & Veterinary Service under NParks in April 2019), National Environment Agency, and Singapore’s National Water Agency, was perceived to have facilitated the coordination and formulation of Singapore’s AMR strategies. Nonetheless, participants highlighted that the success of AMR strategies is compounded by various challenges such as surveillance in private clinics, resource constraints at community-level health facilities, sub-optimal public awareness, patchy regulation on antimicrobial use in animals, and environmental contamination. This study shows that the process of planning and executing AMR policies is complicated even in a well-resourced country such as Singapore. It has also highlighted the increasing need to address the social, political, cultural, and behavioral aspects influencing AMR. Ultimately, it will be difficult to design policy interventions that cater for the needs of individuals, families, and the community, unless we understand how all these aspects interact and shape the AMR response.
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Varchenko, O. O. "Conceptual principles of food loss reduction and food waste." Ekonomìka ta upravlìnnâ APK, no. 2(177) (December 27, 2022): 20–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.33245/2310-9262-2022-177-2-20-33.
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The article substantiates the conceptual principles of reducing food loss and food waste from the standpoint of ensuring food security and environmental sustainability. The approaches to the interpretation of the concepts of food loss and waste are summarized, the similarities and differences between them, as well as the reasons for their formation and the connection between them, are noted. The main causes of food losses and food waste, which are caused by human, technical-technological, natural-climatic, economic, market, etc., are considered. factors. It is argued that Ukraine's waging of war caused the deterioration of food security both at the local and national levels, and at the international level. The main factors that lead to the loss of agri-food in the supply chain during wartime and the decrease in its production volumes are systematized, which will negatively affect the provision of food security in the country and the formation of export potential at the level of previous years. The dynamics of losses in terms of individual types of products were analyzed and it was established that the highest losses are observed for potatoes - 18.1 %, vegetables and melons - 12.0 %, fruits and vegetables - 10.0 %, and for livestock products this indicator is not significant It was found that the greatest losses of crop products occur at the stage of growing and harvesting, the value of which varies from 3 to 12 %, as well as sales. In dairy and meat breeding, the greatest losses occur at the stage of livestock breeding, milking and primary processing of products, as well as due to the lack of a full production cycle. It is estimated that the amount of food waste in Ukraine in households is 76 kg per capita, which is almost equal to the indicators of most countries, but the values are higher in the catering sector - 28 kg and retail trade - 16 kg. It was concluded that there is a need to develop effective measures to reduce food waste and losses in order to increase the sustainability and competitiveness of agri-food supply chains. It is substantiated that the conceptual principles of the need to reduce food losses and food waste should be considered in the aspect of ensuring food security and minimizing the negative impact on the environment. Among the priority directions for solving the problem of food losses and waste, the following are highlighted: development of a comprehensive program for the preservation and restoration of agricultural production in the conditions of martial law; development and improvement of market infrastructure elements; technical and technological modernization of agricultural production, processing facilities; improvement of distribution infrastructure elements, especially transportation of live animals; creation of innovative warehouse facilities; formation of a rational consumption culture among the population; development of wholesale food markets, livestock markets, development of public-private partnerships in the implementation of projects to reduce food losses and food waste; development of effective levers of state regulation in the aspect of motivation of chain participants; development of a methodical approach to estimating the amount of food losses; formation of an information array of data, etc. Key words: food loss, food waste, supply chain, food security, environmental sustainability, martial law.
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Kalachevska, Larysa, Inna Koblianska, and Johannes Holzner. "Concept and Measurement of the Food System Sustainability: A Bibliometric Research." Scientific Horizons 25, no. 1 (May 25, 2022): 104–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.48077/scihor.25(1).2022.104-119.
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In view of climate change and population growth, making food system sustainable is a global concern. A lot of policies regulate this issue, but recent data show that global (and national) food systems are still far from the sustainability. Improvement of existing policies in the field of food system regulation requires a clear understanding of the food system sustainability concept itself: specification of its traits, attributes, measurement indicators, and goals. These issues are reflected in a lot of research papers, but none of these articles summarise the major trends, content, and features of the food system sustainability concept’s evolution. This study for the first time summarises history and contents of research in the field of concept and measurement of food system sustainability through bibliometric analysis of Scopus indexed papers for 1991-2022. The growth of scientific interest in this area, led by researchers from the USA, Italy, and France, was found to be wave-like with peaks following the global food crises appearance patterns. The results of this study show that modern perception of the concept (since 2018) is complicated and intertwined in the notions of systems and system thinking, sustainability, and life cycle assessment, contrasting to the previous views (1991-2018) focused on food production system and food security. In general, a little attention is given to social and economic aspects of food system sustainability, in contrast to environmental, food, and agri-food issues. The elaboration of one-size-fits-all policy and solutions favouring food systems sustainability is suggested to be unlikely due to the complexity of the concept's perception. Governance of food system sustainability should go in line with concrete institutional, economic, social, and natural environments that need to be comprehensively studied in a future. Studies from developing countries are of special interest in this context
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Gawande, Vaishnavi, Razauddin, Hiren Das, Rakhi Gautam, G. Manisankar, Samikhya Bhuyan, and Akshay Kumar Kurdekar. "Exploring the Future of Agriculture through Nanotechnology: A Review." International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 13, no. 10 (August 14, 2023): 215–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i102632.
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Agriculture, as one of the oldest and most essential human endeavors, has constantly evolved through the integration of technology. In recent years, nanotechnology has emerged as a pivotal tool, redefining traditional agricultural paradigms. This comprehensive review delves into the multifaceted implications and applications of nanotechnology within agriculture, providing a holistic view of its past, present, and future roles. Historically, nanotechnology's initial foray into agriculture sought to tackle prevalent challenges, from pest control to soil fertility. Despite some early obstacles, this merger has since showcased myriad successful applications, underscored by targeted and efficient solutions that significantly enhance crop yield and food quality. The present-day agricultural landscape is punctuated by nano-fertilizers ensuring optimal nutrient uptake, nanopesticides targeting pests with minimal off-target effects, nanosensors enabling precision agriculture, nano-based food packaging enhancing shelf life, and nanomaterials aiding in disease diagnosis and treatment. However, with innovation come challenges. The environmental and health ramifications of introducing nanoparticles into ecosystems remain a concern. While they promise reduced chemical usage and waste, potential issues like nanoparticle accumulation, unknown long-term effects, and possible toxicity necessitate rigorous research and regulation. Economically, the nano-agri sector promises substantial yield increases, but it also requires significant investments. As the technology permeates the agricultural supply chain, ramifications on job markets, trade dynamics, and global competitiveness become evident. Looking forward, anticipated advancements include smart nanodevices, potent nano-bio interfaces, and self-repairing materials. Nanobots, soil health rejuvenation techniques, and advanced nano-encapsulation are among the many potential R&D avenues. The road ahead requires collaborative efforts from governments, research institutions, farmers, and the private sector. Public-private partnerships, in particular, could prove indispensable, merging public sector oversight with private sector innovation.
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Barczi, Attila, Péter Csorba, Dénes Lóczy, Gábor Mezősi, Éva Konkolyné Gyuró, Emőke Bardóczyné Székely, Péter Csima, et al. "Suggested landscape and agri-environmental condition assessment." Tájökológiai Lapok 6, no. 1-2 (August 11, 2008): 77–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.56617/tl.4150.
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In its first study, the working group of land evaluation and land use (agriculture) has outlined the scientific area, described its connections to other sciences and examined the international data providing needs. In its second study we collected the available digital maps and datasets for the regardless of their scale to help data communication in a common information collecting work platform. We evaluated the general availability, the stage of digitalization, difficulty in availability and their information content. For further evaluation we took into account the legal and decision support background and the possibilities of regulations and publicity. Furthermore we described the legal background of the land protection and agricultural (land use), the survey of the Hungarian and EU data providing tasks, the survey of the operation of land protection and agri-environmental programs and institutions. We analysed methodologies on the fields of agricultural suitability-environmental sensitivity, suitability of agricultural production, agro-ecological value and environmental sensitivity. In our third study we connected models and databases and created a possible parameter set (indicators). Our suggested indicators were introduced in oral presentations on Science’s Day, at the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, in 2006. These were as follows: landscape indicators: a) 1. landscape pattern, 2. landscape fragmentation, 3. land use stability, 4. connectivity, 5. state of health of the landscape; b) agri-environmental indicators: 1. areas brought into the programs and their distribution by target programs, 2. rate of large and small scale farming (and the rate of extensive and intensive agriculture), 3. nitrogen output (organic+inorganic), 4. erosion. The chosen indicators were described as follows: name of the indicator, explanation for choosing the indicator, definition of the indicator, possibility of measuring/estimating the indicator (with available maps and datasets), planned monitoring activity with the indicator.
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Bečvářová, V. "EU enlargement and the Common Agricultural Policy." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 49, No. 10 (March 2, 2012): 447–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5431-agricecon.
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The incorporation of the Central and Eastern European Countries (CEECs) to the common agrarian market of the European Union is an entrance the saturated market solving problems with surpluses of main agricultural commodities. That is why an increasing of competition among both current member states and the new members has been anticipated. The question related to productivity of factors as well as technology level influence on competitiveness on the occasion of lower prices of agricultural commodities that could bring about shift of trade between agricultural enterprises and food processors in the first stage of processing within commodity chain into some of new member countries (or changes within them) and steer flows of some of agricultural commodities utilised as raw materials. The decisive position of the second stage of agricultural products processing, characterised by highly finalised products, probably will push forward the existing member states, especially the main producers and major exporters of finalised food products in Europe. Their interest in generation and expansion of this kind of market with highly finalised food products on the CEECs food markets would be expected. Moreover, the “demand driven agriculture” implying qualitative criteria such as food safety and precaution, favourable method of production, environmental impact etc., presented by agricultural policies in last decade and for future, is largely influenced by final stages of agri-food commodity chains. Distributors and well-established processors are those who “translate” the consumer’s demand to agricultural producers. Those decide significantly about the dimension, structure and market share of agricultural production in concrete area in essence. This situation has influenced effectiveness of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) exactly. Based upon the last reforms of the CAP in the EU evaluation, the significant changes of commodity markets regulation tools and a new approach partly related to income stabilisation policy partly to support of technological change and restructuring in wider social and regional aspects of the CAP are demonstrated there.
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Johansson, Robert C., and Jonathan D. Kaplan. "A Carrot-and-Stick Approach to Environmental Improvement: Marrying Agri-Environmental Payments and Water Quality Regulations." Agricultural and Resource Economics Review 33, no. 1 (April 2004): 91–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1068280500005669.
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Agri-environmental programs, such as the Environmental Quality Incentives Program, provide payments to livestock and crop producers to generate broadly defined environmental benefits and to help them comply with federal water quality regulations, such as those that require manure nutrients generated on large animal feeding operations to be spread on cropland at no greater than agronomic rates. We couch these policy options in terms of agri-environmental “carrots” and regulatory “sticks,” respectively. The U.S. agricultural sector is likely to respond to these policies in a variety of ways. Simulation analysis suggests that meeting nutrient standards would result in decreased levels of animal production, increased prices for livestock and poultry products, increased levels of crop production, and water quality improvements. However, estimated impacts are not homogeneous across regions. In regions with relatively less cropland per ton of manure produced, the impacts of these policies are more pronounced.
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Vaudour, E., E. Costantini, G. V. Jones, and S. Mocali. "An overview of the recent approaches for terroir functional modelling, footprinting and zoning." SOIL Discussions 1, no. 1 (November 20, 2014): 827–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/soild-1-827-2014.
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Abstract. Notions of terroir and their conceptualization through agri-environmental sciences have become popular in many parts of world. Originally developed for wine, terroir now encompasses many other crops including fruits, vegetables, cheese, olive oil, coffee, cacao and other crops, linking the uniqueness and quality of both beverages and foods to the environment where they are produced, giving the consumer a sense of place. Climate, geology, geomorphology, and soil are the main environmental factors which compose the terroir effect at different scales. Often considered immutable at the cultural scale, the natural components of terroir are actually a set of processes, which together create a delicate equilibrium and regulation of its effect on products in both space and time. Due to both a greater need to better understand regional to site variations in crop production and the growth in spatial analytic technologies, the study of terroir has shifted from a largely descriptive regional science to a more applied, technical research field. Furthermore, the explosion of spatial data availability and sensing technologies has made the within-field scale of study more valuable to the individual grower. The result has been greater adoption but also issues associated with both the spatial and temporal scales required for practical applications, as well as the relevant approaches for data synthesis. Moreover, as soil microbial communities are known to be of vital importance for terrestrial processes by driving the major soil geochemical cycles and supporting healthy plant growth, an intensive investigation of the microbial organization and their function is also required. Our objective is to present an overview of existing data and modelling approaches for terroir functional modelling, footprinting and zoning at local and regional scales. This review will focus on three main areas of recent terroir research: (1) quantifying the influences of terroir components on plant growth, fruit composition and quality, mostly examining climate-soil-water relationships and/or using new tools to unravel the biogeochemical cycles of both macro- and micronutrients, the functional diversity of terroirs and the chemical signature of products for authentification (the metagenomic approach and the regional fingerprinting); (2) terroir zoning at different scales: mapping terroirs and using remote and proxy sensing technologies to monitor soil quality and manage the crop system for a better food quality; and (3) terroir sustainability assessment and new preservation practices.
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Deineko, Oleksandr. "Effective employment of customs instruments in the context of the latest integration agreements." University Economic Bulletin, no. 43 (November 20, 2019): 43–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2306-546x-2019-43-43-55.
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The relevance of the research topic is explained by the negative impact of integration agreements, in particular the free trade ones, on the list of instruments that the state can use to implement its economic policy in the field of foreign economic activity, in particular - on the list of customs instruments. There is a steady global increase in international trade, coupled with the tendency to gradually reduce trade barriers by most countries. Strengthening integration processes negatively influence the breadth of influence and the list of customs instruments of economic regulation. Given the socio-economic and environmental risks that arise in the absence or lack of state regulation of economic processes, it is important to ensure the effectiveness of those instruments that may still be used under the terms of integration agreements. Additionally, the attention to the customs instruments is increasing in the context of the «economic patriotism» that is becoming popular in USA, Europe and other countries, together with the criticism of the neoliberalism. The coverage of the issue in the works of domestic and foreign scholars is sporadic in nature and is usually tied to the problem of a particular market or industry in a particular agreement. In the last years before the ratification of the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the EU, as well as in the first years after, T. Ostashko studied the potential effects of that agreement on the instruments of regulation of certain sectors of the economy of Ukraine. From the point of view of generalization of the practice of state regulation of economy in the European integration processes, it is possible to mention V. Olefir and O. Mitchenok which covers the experience of Bulgaria, Poland, Romania, Africa, America and the Middle East. The above studies do not consider separate institutes of state regulation of the economy, in particular customs instruments, at a deeper level, focusing on the direct economic processes and the impact of increasing the freedom of trade turnover on national production. The research objective is to analyse the essence and impact of international economic processes on customs instruments for the implementation of the state economic policy in order to develop proposals for the effective use of these instruments. The theoretical and empirical methods of cognition in their dialectical combination are used in this work. In the analysis of existing integration processes, statistical and economic methods, in particular, comparisons, graphic constructions, as well as methods of descriptive and comparative statistics are used. Comparative methods, methods of analysis, synthesis, generalization, and also the system method are used to determine the ways of efficient use of customs instruments. system method is used. The dynamics of the development of integration processes and the influence of their various types on the customs instruments both in general and in separate branches are revealed in the framework of this research. The international experience of using customs instruments in these conditions is investigated and the most effective ones are highlighted. The results of this research can be applied in the process of formulating the state economic policies, in particular in the context of international economic activities, food security, protection of the national agri-food market and its elements, support of the national manufacturers. The research has demonstrated that in the framework of the WTO effective applied tariffs may be effectively utilized by approximation to the bound tariffs. Within the framework of bilateral and multilateral agreements, the institute of tariff quote is an effective tool, due to flexibility and potential directions of application, Increasing the country's participation in regional and bilateral trade agreements, albeit with the risk of creating a complicated regulatory «stew» and trade intervention, leaves a sufficient number of customs tools for effective implementation of the state regulation of economy.
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Borrego, Ana Clara, Rute Abreu, Francisco Alegria Carreira, Filipe Caetano, and Ana Lúcia Vasconcelos. "Environmental Taxation on the Agri-Food Sector and the Farm to Fork Strategy: The Portuguese Case." Sustainability 15, no. 16 (August 8, 2023): 12124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151612124.
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This research focuses on the environmental taxation applicable to the agri-food sector and aligns with the objectives of the Farm to Fork (F2F) Strategy of the European Green Deal context. Indeed, the methodology of the research develops a theoretical analysis through a literature review to assess environmental taxation and documental analysis of Portuguese tax codes. Furthermore, the Portuguese context of the empirical analysis assesses the contribution to the desired sustainability of the agri-food sector. The results show that the existing tax rules applicable to the agri-food sector are scant, with a few existing rules being misaligned with the objectives of the F2F strategy, because their potential impact on its objectives has been mostly negative or null. Most regulations predated the definition of the F2F strategy, seeking to respond to the need to minimise the price of basic food products, namely agri-food products, without considering concerns such as welfare and sustainability. It is worrisome, however, that a tax rule that does not conform to the F2F strategy has been approved after its definition, indicating that the Portuguese government does not envisage using taxation as an environmental tool in favour of the objectives outlined in the F2F strategy.
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Szabó, Gábor, and Alajos Fehér. "Marginalisation and Multifunctional Land Use in Hungary." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 15 (December 14, 2004): 50–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/15/3358.
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Our study prepared as a brief version of National Report in the frame of EUROLAN Programme. We deal with the interpretation of some definitions (marginalisation of land use, multifunctionality of land use, marginalisation of agriculture, multifunctionality of agriculture), with sorting and reviewing indicators of marginalisation and finally with the analysis of functions of land use. We suggested a dynamic and a static approach of marginalisation. We can explore the dynamic process by time series and the static (regional) one by cross-section analyses.It is very hard to explain the perspective of the future of marginalisation of land and of agriculture in Hungary. The process of marginalisation seems faster in the agriculture in the coming years, but it depends on the utilisation of new possibilities given by the EU financial resources and by the Common Market. At this moment agriculture seems one of the big losers of the accession.In the long term we should face considerable challenges in the land use. It is necessary to take into account that there is a supply market of foods and traditional fibre production world-wide. There are limited possibilities to produce and to market for example biodiesel (fuel), bioethanol, or maybe biogas. Thus the environment and landscape preservation becomes more and more real land use alternatives.The environmental interpretation of the multifunctionality of land use: activities (functions) of environmental preservation and nature conservation in a certain area, which aim to preserve natural resources by the existing socio-economic conditions.Preservation of rural landscapes is the task mainly for land-users, who can be commanded by legal means and can be encouraged by economic measures to carry out the above activity. In the recent past measures of „command and control” type regulation were predominant, however nowadays, especially in the developed countries, the role of economic incentives increases.As a conclusion of our analysis we can state that as long as the main land-dependent activities (agriculture, forestry, housing, tourism, local mining) cease to be viable under an existing socio-economic structure, then it is hardly possible to sustain the rural landscape on an appropriate level by non-commodity products (such as environment preservation, cultural heritage, nature conservation, employment etc.).1 The study was prepared in the frame of EUROLAN (EU-5 Framework Project), QLK5-CT-2002-02346, as a compiled version of the Hungarian National Report, The national project co-ordinator: Prof. Dr. Gabor Szabo.A part of places with high ecological values coincides with the areas with unfavourable agricultural endowments and underdeveloped micro-regions. We think so that the marginalisation preserves the non-environmental-sound activities and hinders the development of multifunctional agriculture and this process can change only by joint utilisation of endogenous and exogenous resources and methods. Thus the successful programmes for agri-environmental protection and multifunctional land use can serve the moderation of negative effects of marginalisation or maybe the marginalisation process itself.
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Weersink, A., and A. Wossink. "Lessons from agri-environmental policies in other countries for dealing with salinity in Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 45, no. 11 (2005): 1481. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea04156.
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Approaches to environmental policy for the agricultural sector have involved education programs, direct regulations, and market mechanisms. The effectiveness of these policies has varied depending on the characteristics of the environmental issue and incentives facing producers. This paper reviews, and provides examples of, agri-environmental policy options and points out the scenarios under which the instrument would be most effective. The paper concludes with recommendations on determining the policy solutions to the problem of salinity in Australia.
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Anker, Helle Tegner, and Jussi Kauppila. "The Role of Permits in Regulating Livestock Installations and Manure Spreading: Experiences from Denmark and Finland." European Energy and Environmental Law Review 27, Issue 3 (June 1, 2018): 88–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eelr2018010.
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Livestock production and intensive application of manure together with other fertilisers pollutes waters all over the world. In particular, careless spreading of manure on fields already rich with nutrients causes heavy loads of nutrient emissions into ground and surface waters. Livestock installations and handling of manure are often regulated through a mix of different instruments. In the EU, environmental permits are applied to regulate emissions from high volume livestock installations. However, the scope and func- tion of livestock permits remains a controversial legal and regulatory question: Should the permit cover both the livestock installation as a technical-functional unit and the spreading of manure outside the installation, or should the latter be treated as a separate issue to be regulated through other instruments, such as general legal standards? This question is further stressed by recent structural developments in agri-business sector (specialization, increased farm size, manure proces- sing technology) and political ambitions related to the circular economy. Drawing from recent experiences in Denmark and Finland, this article analyses the role of permits in regulating livestock production and man- agement of manure. It concludes that while the optimal regulatory function of permits depends on the agri-environmental "policy-mix" of each country, the evolving agri-business sector might call for evolution of the regulatory strategy: the exclusion of manure spreading from the scope of the permit.
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Yukhno, Aliona, Olha Kleptcheva, and Vladyslav Pohoida. "THE FORMATION OF MONETARY EVALUATION OF WATER RESOURCES AND ITS PRACTICAL USE." Ukrainian Journal of Applied Economics 6, no. 1 (February 24, 2021): 177–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.36887/2415-8453-2021-1-21.
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Introduction. Water occupies insignificant areas (4%) as part of the land fund of Ukraine, but water performs a very important ecological function and are used for economic and social needs. According to the State Agency of Water Resources of Ukraine, 17,860 ponds in Ukraine or 36% of their total number are leased. Therefore, it is important to determine the accuracy of the normative monetary evaluation of water bodies, which is the basis for determining the amount of rent and land tax, which will increase revenues to local budgets. The normative monetary evaluation of water fund lands is carried out in accordance with the Methodology of normative monetary evaluation of non-agricultural lands (except settlements) and the Procedure for normative monetary evaluation of non-agricultural lands (except settlements) and takes into account the metric characteristics of the land plots: (its area), rental income per unit area of the relevant category of land, capitalization period, coefficients that take into account the location, type of use and coefficient that takes into account the land belonging to the lands of environmental, health, recreational, historical and cultural purposes. The purpose of the article is to analyze the normative evaluation of water and its practical use providing recommendations for improving the regulatory monetary evaluation of land. The methodological basis of the study is a set of scientific methods such as logical, system-structural and others. Results. Calculations were made on the normative monetary evaluation of non-agricultural lands on the example of the land plot of the state-owned water fund with an area of 34.2077 h. Based on the analysis of calculations, recommendations are provided. Conclusions. Having considered the method of calculating the normative monetary evaluation of water fund lands on a specific land plot, the ways of its improvement were identified in order to take into account the characteristics of the water body and local factors of its location. It is propo-sed to determine the rental income in the following areas: use of the water body for industrial purposes; water supply of the population; use for fishery needs; electricity generation; use in agri-culture (irrigation, drainage and regulation of water-air regime of agricultural lands); recreational, medical and tourist purposes. Taking into account local factors when calculating the monetary evaluation of land will help to maximize the completeness of information about the object and provide the maximum amount of information to the future tenant. Key words: monetary evaluation, water fund lands, land evaluation, water.
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Weber, Anja. "How are public transaction costs in regional agri-environmental scheme delivery influenced by EU regulations?" Journal of Environmental Planning and Management 57, no. 6 (May 20, 2013): 937–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09640568.2013.776950.
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Juhász, Csaba, and Csaba Pregun. "Application of hydrological models for agri-environmental management based on international and national experiences." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 60 (July 24, 2014): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/60/2022.
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The ecological restoration of surface water flows requires the use of complex GIS and hydrological models. The HEC -RAS and MIKE11 programs calculate the hydraulic characteristics of runoff using the geometry and bed resistance the of flows. The presentation of some possible applications made through an example of the Berettyó, which is an extremely regulated river. The river belongs to the meandering category by Parker's classification system, which uses the relationship of the slope-Froude number and the depth- width ratio. Three coefficient of the four determining factor (entrenchment ratio, slope of water level, width-depth ratio) also indicates a mediocre to high sinuosity, while the river regulations established nearly straight bed-line. The standard water flow rates and characteristics have been determined based on the modeled Froude and Reynolds numbers. The flow conditions shifted to the laminar type by the changed line drawing which is ecologically lower status. Based on the results the morphological and ecohydrological river rehabilitation is appropriate.
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Verma, Krishan K., Xiu-Peng Song, Abhishek Joshi, Dan-Dan Tian, Vishnu D. Rajput, Munna Singh, Jaya Arora, Tatiana Minkina, and Yang-Rui Li. "Recent Trends in Nano-Fertilizers for Sustainable Agriculture under Climate Change for Global Food Security." Nanomaterials 12, no. 1 (January 5, 2022): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12010173.
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Nano-fertilizers (NFs) significantly improve soil quality and plant growth performance and enhance crop production with quality fruits/grains. The management of macro-micronutrients is a big task globally, as it relies predominantly on synthetic chemical fertilizers which may not be environmentally friendly for human beings and may be expensive for farmers. NFs may enhance nutrient uptake and plant production by regulating the availability of fertilizers in the rhizosphere; extend stress resistance by improving nutritional capacity; and increase plant defense mechanisms. They may also substitute for synthetic fertilizers for sustainable agriculture, being found more suitable for stimulation of plant development. They are associated with mitigating environmental stresses and enhancing tolerance abilities under adverse atmospheric eco-variables. Recent trends in NFs explored relevant agri-technology to fill the gaps and assure long-term beneficial agriculture strategies to safeguard food security globally. Accordingly, nanoparticles are emerging as a cutting-edge agri-technology for agri-improvement in the near future. Interestingly, they do confer stress resistance capabilities to crop plants. The effective and appropriate mechanisms are revealed in this article to update researchers widely.
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Król, Monika A. "Skuteczność implementacji rolnośrodowiskowych instrumentów Wspólnej Polityki Rolnej w ocenie Europejskiego Trybunału Obrachunkowego." Studia Iuridica 78 (May 29, 2019): 232–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.2163.
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The considerations carried out in this study serve to answer the question on the level of implementation of selected agri-environmental instruments in individual EU countries in the opinion of the European Court of Auditors. The aim of the article is to analyze and evaluate ECA judgments on compliance with applicable regulations, as well as recommendations for future directions of changes in the impact of agriculture on the environment, currently proposed in various options for the next stage of CAP development after 2020.
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Nyamah, Edmond Yeboah, Yuansheng Jiang, Yi Feng, and Evelyn Enchill. "Agri-food supply chain performance: an empirical impact of risk." Management Decision 55, no. 5 (June 19, 2017): 872–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-01-2016-0049.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the key risk components (probability and consequence) and their respective thresholds affecting agri-food supply chain operations in Ghana. In addition, it seeks to understand the relationship between the major risk sources and to fathom the risk/disruption impact on agri-food supply chain performance in Ghana. Design/methodology/approach Cross-sectional survey data were collected using a structured questionnaire. The risks threshold associated with agri-food supply chain were categorized using the risk matrix scale and classification described in the Project Management Body of Knowledge (Project Management Institute, 2013). Next, the Pearson correlation was used to understand the relationship between the various risks and agri-food chain performance. Lastly, to investigate how firms’ supply chain operations have been affected by risks/disruptions, an ordinary least square regression model was employed to quantify the impact of some major risk sources on agri-food chain performance in Ghana. Findings The results in this paper show variations in risks’ probability, impact and threshold in agri-food supply chain. While risk sources such as periodic change in interest/exchange rate policies and volatility in customer demand are high-rated risks, uncertain land policies/tenure and poor quality control are low rated risks in the operations of the chain. The performance of the agri-food chain significantly but negatively correlates with all the major risks studied. Whereas demand, supply, weather, logistics/infrastructure and financial risk sources significantly undermined the chain’s performance, risks emerging from biological/environmental, management/operational, policy/regulations and political-related issues insignificantly affect the performance of agri-food supply chain in Ghana. Research limitations/implications This research is an area biased. However, some insightful managerial implications can be drawn from this paper to manage agri-food chain operations in a similar unstable environment. The result implies that risks are inevitable in agri-food chain but they differ in terms of menace to the chain’s operation. Therefore, to manage agri-food supply chain risks effectively, managers should periodically identify, quantify and categorize risk sources before making risk response decisions. In addition, the results show that risks account for about half of the overall agri-food chain performance in Ghana. This infers that managers/practitioners could improve the performance of the agri-food chain if limited resources are allocated to plan and effectively respond to major risks sources (such as demand, supply, finance, weather and logistical/ infrastructural services-related risks) undermining the performance of the chain. Originality/value This research contributes to the agri-food chain risk literature and provides managers/practitioners with empirical evidence of risk thresholds and their corresponding major impact on agri-food chain’s performance. Since risks explained about half of agri-food chain performance in Ghana, this research would prompt decision makers to improve on their risk assessment and responds (e.g. by employing efficient demand, supply and weather forecasting systems, logistic/infrastructure services, hedge to finance, etc.) to improve the chain’s performance.
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Bignal, E. M., and D. I. McCracken. "The nature conservation value of European traditional farming systems." Environmental Reviews 8, no. 3 (March 1, 2000): 149–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/a00-009.
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The European landscape reflects many centuries of dynamic interaction between people and their natural environments. Indeed, much of the current biological and aesthetic value of the wide variety of "cultural" landscapes has been created and is now maintained by long-established farming systems. Such traditional systems (many of which are pastoral based) are generally well integrated with the environment and involve management practices that do not over-exploit the natural carrying capacity of the land. However, the rapid modernisation of agriculture that occurred after the 1939-1945 war resulted in an intensification of many European farming systems and has had severe negative effects on the environment. This modernisation initially occurred primarily in northwest Europe fuelled by the European Union (EU) Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), but with the expansion of the EU it is continuing and is certain to increase in southern, central, and eastern Europe. The response of the EU to this fundamental imbalance between farming and the environment has included the introduction of compulsory regulations to ensure the implementation of minimum environmental standards in the production processes and the promotion of agri-environment programmes to encourage farmers to undertake positive environmental management on their farmland. The ongoing reforms of the CAP will undoubtedly place greater emphasis on agri-environment programmes and increasingly on the concept of "integrated rural development." There is, however, still a pressing need for detailed information to justify to the EU and world markets why certain types of farming system should be central to future European rural development policies.Key words: biodiversity, wildlife value, farming systems, European policy, agri-environment.
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BOCHKAREV, D. O. "TRENDS AND PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE UKRAINIAN MARKET OF PLANT-BASED MILK SUBSTITUTES IN THE WAR AND POSTWAR PERIOD." Economic innovations 25, no. 1(86) (March 20, 2023): 34–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2023.25.1(86).34-43.
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Topicality.Economic changes associated with the military invasion lead to large-scale transformations in the country's economy, economic relations between the actors of agri-food markets, in particular, dairy, and form the prerequisites for the formation and further development of their innovative segments. The growing trend of reducing the number of cows and milk production during the wartime period, on the one hand, and the growing consumer demand for plant-based milk in the world, on the other, have created the preconditions for the development of the industrial production of non-dairy products in Ukraine. The market of plant-based milk substitutes is characterized by the social importance of the products and their significant role in ensuring food and environmental security of the country. The development of this market also ensures the formation of extended processing chains for domestic agricultural raw materials and the growth of market added value.Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to identify current trends and problems of development of the global and domestic market of plant-based milk substitutes, to substantiate the role of the relevant market in the food supply of the population and the Armed Forces of Ukraine in the wartime and post-war periods.Materials and Methods. The results of the theoretical generalization of scientific works and analytical reviews on the functioning of markets for plant-based milk substitutes, which are covered in publications of a fundamental and applied nature, as well as statistical data from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, the regulatory framework for food supply of the Armed Forces of Ukraine form the material and methodological basis of the study. The methods of systematic, structural and logical, comparative, and statistical analysis were used to solve the tasks.Research results. The study found that the global dairy market has undergone significant transformations due to changes in consumer preferences, physical activity, climate factors, global demographic imbalances, etc. These circumstances have led to a decline in the quality of dairy products, a reduction in its production base, a drop in the competitive ability of products and formed the preconditions for the development of the global market for dairy alternatives. The Ukrainian vegetable milk market is growing dynamically; in 2020, its volumes increased 13.6 times compared to 2019. Domestic producers use affordable and acceptable raw materials, such as oats and buckwheat, to make plant milk.In wartime, there is a need to provide the population and the military with vegetable milk. It is proposed to make changes and additions to the catalog of food sets of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, through the use of useful food substitutes, the production of which involves the use of domestic agricultural raw materials and an increase in market added value.Conclusion. The article substantiates the need to determine the priority areas of state regulation of the domestic vegetable milk market, in particular, the regulation of relations between domestic producers of non-dairy products and the Main Directorate for Development and Support of Material Support of the Armed Forces of Ukraine through the norms of public-private partnership relations. Prospects for further research are the development of institutional and methodological support for the sustainability of the functioning and development of the Ukrainian market of plant-based milk substitutes in the wartime and post-war periods.