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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Aging'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 23 November 2024

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1

Elder, Glen H. "Successful aging : Perspectives on Lives, Times, and Aging." 名古屋大学教育学部, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/3843.

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2

Wolfe, Julia Rachel Weinstein. "Aging Texas Well: An Assessment of Denton's Aging-Friendliness." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2016. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc862805/.

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The purpose of this research was to conduct a needs assessment for the city of Denton, Texas to learn how residents view Denton's aging-friendliness. The research design was based on the Texas Department of Aging and Disability Services' Aging Texas Well Toolkit and was funded by a two year grant from that agency. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were used to gather data on six community indicators: demographics, housing, transportation, health care (including mental health and substance abuse services), recreation, and community supports and services. Input from city residents was gathered through focus groups, followed by a survey of the broader community in the city to validate and prioritize the needs identified. The research found gaps in Denton's aging-friendliness. Denton residents feel that although there are some services for the aging in the area, other services are lacking. The top needs identified by residents were a single point of contact for, and better communication about, resources currently available, as well as a need for increased transportation options.
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3

Jager, Eryn Nichole. "Self Perceptions of Aging: Women's Views of The Aging Process." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2014. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/27597.

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Society has generally taught women in a rather subliminal way they should remain young, thin, and beautiful (Horton, Baker, Cote, & Deakin, 2008; Mock & Eibach, 2011; Stark- Wroblewski, Edelbaum, & Bello, 2008). As the number of older adults increase, the driving forces that determine self-perceptions of aging are essential. Using a hierarchical regression analysis, the current study examined self-perceptions of aging among older adult women. For the study, 102 females (age 60 and older) in the Red River Valley area completed a survey on selfperceptions of aging. Sense of mastery was significantly related to negative self-perceptions of aging. The findings demonstrate that one?s self-worth and ability to do things without needing help may play an important role in how an aging woman feels about herself and her own aging process.
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4

Parthasarathy, Krupa. "Aging Analysis and Aging-Resistant Design for Low-Power Circuits." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1415615574.

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5

Rhee, Nakyung. "Creative Aging: Building Capacity for Arts and Aging Policy Making." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1503003465529443.

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6

Hsieh, Paishiun Nelson. "The Kruppel-like Factors in Aging and Aging Associated Pathology." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1522942623451445.

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7

Wiegand, Iris. "Components of aging." Diss., lmu, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-155792.

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8

Singmann, Paula. "Metabolomics and aging." Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-183836.

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As life expectancy has risen steadily over the last years and diseasefree aging is more and more challenging, understanding the complexity of age and aging is of great importance. Metabolomics is one of the novel approaches in systems biology with high potential to deliver answers to these questions. However, only a few metabolic studies based on large samples are available so far. In this thesis, I present results from two population-based studies, the German KORA Follow-Up 4 (KORA F4) study as a discovery cohort with a sample of 1,038 female and 1,124 male healthy participants (32–81 years) and 724 healthy females from UK Adult Twin Registry (TwinsUK) as replication. Targeted metabolomics of fasting serum samples with flow injection analysis coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (FIA-MS/MS) positively quantified 131 metabolites after stringent quality control. Among these, 71 and 34 metabolites were significantly associated with age in females and males, respectively, after adjustment for body mass index (BMI), which is highly correlated (r=0.9) with age. These results indicate that metabolic profiles are age dependent and sex specific. Then, a set of the 12 most age-discriminative, independent metabolites was identified in women with an approach based on random forest and stepwise variable selection. This set showed highly significant differences between subjects aged 32–51 years and 52–77 (p-values range 1.3E-09 – 1.9E-46, significance threshold p=0.004). Ten out of these 12 metabolites replicated in unrelated females from the TwinsUK study, including five metabolites the concentrations of which increased with age (C12:1, C18:1, sphingomyelin (SM) C16:1, SM C18:1 and phosphatidylcholine (PC) aa C28:1), while histidine decreased gradually. Three glycerophospholipids (PC ae C42:4, PC ae C42:5, PC ae C44:4) showed declines around the age of 51 years. Meta-analysis of both studies gave virtually the same results as KORA alone. These observations might reflect many different processes of aging such as incomplete mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation, counteracting oxidative stress, and changes in vascular functions. The identification of these ten age-related metabolites should help better understand aging pathways and networks and with —more discoveries in the future— eventually help enhance healthy aging and longevity.
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9

Fay, Justin (Justin Thomas). "Aging in community." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/44202.

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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2008.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 101-103).
Baby Boomers are on the brink of retirement. According to U.S. Census Bureau projections, the number of people aged 65 and over will more than double in the coming decades, growing from 35 million in 2000 to 72 million in 2030. The current housing stock in the United States is incapable of accommodating the particular needs and demands of this burgeoning population of older adults. In the next decade, many seniors will move from their homes into new environments, ranging from independent living communities to assisted living facilities and nursing homes, each offering a different level of support and range of services. In recent years, a more comprehensive option for seniors seeking long-term housing has grown in popularity -- the Continuing Care Retirement Community (CCRC). CCRCs encourage active independence while offering a continuum of care options from short-term rehabilitation to long-term care services. Physical, sensory, and/or cognitive abilities commonly decline with age. CCRCs meet these changing health care needs in one location, enabling an individual to age -- dignity and sense of belonging intact -- within the community, thereby precluding the need to relocate and adapt to a new setting. This research investigates the performance of the CCRC model as an approach to housing the growing population of seniors. What has been the experience of these communities to date, and what can be learned from them that might influence their planning, design, and management in the future? Specifically, in what ways do CCRCs connect residents, both socially and physically, to the people, facilities, and services that comprise community?
(cont.) Two case studies located in the Greater Boston area -- one a large, privately developed and managed community, the other a comparatively small, college-affiliated community -- are analyzed to identify successes and limitations. This analysis leads to a set of "good practices" aimed at improving senior housing such that an aging population can thrive and age in one place.
by Justin Fay.
M.C.P.
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10

Rice, Erin M. "Aging and Metalsmithing." Thesis, Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1600814.

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Recently I have chosen to work with the concept of aging. This concept is shown through the use of architectural structures and medical instruments in order to create reliquaries and vessels. These reliquaries are composed of hand blown glass, metal, and other materials including silicone and latex medical tubing, enamel, and resin.

These reliquaries are my exploration into the idea of what is deemed precious and important. Time is one of the most valuable resources we have and it is impossible to contain. Through the aging process we begin to have less and less time and occasionally have medical procedures done in order to lengthen our life span or improve our quality of life.

Some of these reliquaries contain objects, while others have been left empty in order to allow the viewer to ponder what the piece might contain. Many of the vessels have medical undertones that enable the viewer to relate to common life experiences, while others contain architectural and industrial elements in order to show the relation to the machine made structures that surround us.

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11

Nunes, Ana Marta Kong. "Aging in place." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa. Faculdade de Arquitetura, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/10569.

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Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada na Faculdade de Arquitetura da Universidade de Lisboa, para obtenção do grau de mestre em Arquitetura.
Como desenhar uma habitação que proporcione uma maior qualidade de vida para a população idosa? Foi esta a questão de partida para o trabalho final de mestrado, que procurou dar resposta a um aspecto do envelhecimento demográfico que se tem vindo a fazer notar nas últimas décadas. O objectivo passou por pensar a habitação como parte da solução, e não mais um problema, entre muitos, que assola a população de uma faixa etária acima dos 65 anos. Para isto foi explorado o conceito de aging in place, aliado ao de design inclusivo, culminando numa habitação-protótipo que já inclui no seu desenho original muitas das soluções que melhoram a qualidade de vida de quem já está numa fase avançada da vida. O território escolhido, na zona do Braço de Prata (em Marvila), encontra-se hoje com um edificado degradado, com uma população de antigos operários com um baixo nível de escolaridade, e com uma grande percentagem de idosos. Estes factores constituiram o pretexto ideal para uma intervenção de grande escala, permitindo resolver questões relacionadas com a própria configuração do terreno e aplicar os conceitos estudados, num projecto multifuncional contendo habitação, equipamento, comércio e espaço de co-work. A proposta procura assim revitalizar uma zona da cidade, impedindo um processo de gentrificação e de segregação social. Espera-se que este projecto tenha um efeito catalisador na envolvente, promovendo uma maior dinâmica na vivência do espaço público e oferecendo condições para o surgimento de novas construções que consigam, no futuro, transformar o Braço de Prata num elo de ligação entre o centro histórico (Baixa Pombalina) e o centro actual (Parque das Nações).
ABSTRACT: How to draw a housing that provides a higher quality of life for the elderly? This was the starting point for the master’s degree final work, which tried to respond to demographic aging, which has been growing in the past decades. The aim was to think housing as part of the solution, instead of another problem among many that the population over 65 faces. To do this, we explored the concept of aging in place, coupled with design for all, culminating in a housing prototype that already includes in its original design many of the solutions that improve the quality of life of those who are already at an advanced stage of life. The chosen territory, the Braço de Prata area (in Marvila), is highly degraded nowadays and has a population of older workers with a low education level, and a large percentage of the elderly. These two factors constituted the ideal pretext for a large-scale intervention, solving issues related to the very configuration of the land and applying the concepts studied in a multifunctional project containing housing, equipment, stores and co-work spaces. This proposal seeks to revitalize an area of the city, preventing a process of gentrification and social segregation. It is expected that this project has a catalytic effect on the environment, promoting a more dynamic experience in the public space and offering conditions for the emergence of new construction that may in the future make Braço de Prata the link between the historic center (Baixa Pombalina) and the current center (Parque das Nações).
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12

Waller, Henry. "Spirituality and aging." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2885.

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Explores the beneficial effects and values that spirituality and religion present when addressing the elder population aged 60 and over. Also, examines the potential implications of integrating spirituality as a treatment model approach into direct social work practice and recommends possible changes for social work curriculum. Quantitative data was obtained through a convenience sampling to obtain a true representation of the population of residents in regions of San Bernardino County, California. Qualitative data was obtained through the use of open-ended questions that provided for greater validity, understanding and interpretation of spirituality and how external forces affect this population. Results indicate that elders 60 years and older with spiritual/religious values are better equipped to face the challenges of late life and report higher levels of satisfaction compared to elders that do not share the same ideals.
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13

Bajaj, Sahil, Anna Alkozei, Natalie S. Dailey, and William D. S. Killgore. "Brain Aging: Uncovering Cortical Characteristics of Healthy Aging in Young Adults." FRONTIERS MEDIA SA, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626429.

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Despite extensive research in the field of aging neuroscience, it still remains unclear whether age related cortical changes can be detected in different functional networks of younger adults and whether these networks respond identically to healthy aging. We collected high-resolution brain anatomical data from 56 young healthy adults (mean age = 30.8 +/- 8.1 years, 29 males). We performed whole brain parcellation into seven functional networks, including visual, somatomotor, dorsal attention, ventral attention, limbic, frontoparietal and default mode networks. We estimated intracranial volume (ICV) and averaged cortical thickness (CT), cortical surface area (CSA) and cortical volume (CV) over each hemisphere as well as for each network. Averaged cortical measures over each hemisphere, especially CT and CV, were significantly lower in older individuals compared to younger ones (one-way ANOVA, p < 0.05, corrected for multiple comparisons). There were negative correlations between age and averaged CT and CV over each hemisphere (p < 0.05, corrected for multiple comparisons) as well as between age and ICV (p = 0.05). Network level analysis showed that age was negatively correlated with CT for all functional networks (p < 0.05, corrected for multiple comparisons), apart from the limbic network. While age was unrelated to CSA, it was negatively correlated with CV across several functional networks (p < 0.05, corrected for multiple comparisons). We also showed positive associations between CV and CT and between CV and CSA for all networks (p < 0.05, corrected for multiple comparisons). We interpret the lack of association between age and CT of the limbic network as evidence that the limbic system may be particularly resistant to age-related declines during this period of life, whereas the significant age-related declines in averaged CT over each hemisphere as well as in all other six networks suggests that CT may serve as a reliable biomarker to capture the effect of normal aging. Due to the simultaneous dependence of CV on CT and CSA, CV was unable to identify such effects of normal aging consistently for the other six networks, but there were negative associations observed between age and averaged CV over each hemisphere as well as between age and ICV. Our findings suggest that the identification of early cortical changes within various functional networks during normal aging might be useful for predicting the effect of aging on the efficiency of functional performance even during early adulthood.
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14

Van, der Elst Wim. "The neuropsychometrics of aging normative studies in the Maastricht Aging Study /." Maastricht : Maastricht : Neuropsych Publishers ; University Library, Universiteit Maastricht [host], 2006. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=5835.

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15

Sparks, Cassandra Renee. "Investigating General Aging Expectations, Self-Perceptions for Aging and Attributions for Aging among Physically Active and Less Active Adults." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20243.

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This thesis, comprising two studies, investigated whether negative expectations and self-perceptions relating to the aging process are associated with less physical activity (Study 1), and whether less active adults are likely to report age as a cause for physical activity failure than more active adults (Study 2). Using Sarkisian et al.’s (2002) Expectations Regarding Aging (ERA-38) survey, Study 1 first developed reliable and valid sub-factors for constructs relating to general aging expectations (GAE) and aging self-perceptions (ASP) by conducting exploratory factor analyses on 167 adults (M age = 59.5). Results revealed three acceptable GAE sub-factors relating to satisfaction/contentment, physical function and cognitive function, and three ASP sub-factors pertaining to functional, social, and sexual health. Subsequent MANOVA analyses showed that active adults reported higher GAE for satisfaction/contentment and cognitive function than less active adults. Regression analyses revealed that physical activity levels positively predicted satisfaction/contentment and physical function expectations among 45-54 yr olds. In Study 2, 177 adults (M age = 60.1) completed our Causal Dimension Scale for Aging (CDSA) and a survey asking whether age was a likely cause of failure in various physical activity contexts. Responses on the CDSA were used to validate ‘General Attributions towards Age’ (GATA), a measure which captured how adults view the aging effects. Subsequent analyses of variance determined that GATA interacted with physical activity status (active, less active) to influence the reported likelihood of age as a cause for failure. Less active adults with stable/uncontrollable GATA reported greater likelihood of age as a cause for failure than all other groups in gym, recreational/community program, and unstructured/spontaneous activity settings. Separate age group analyses indicated that these trends were pronounced in an unstructured/spontaneous activity setting for 45-54 yr olds, and in a generally recently inactive scenario for 55-64 yrs.
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16

Thomas, Rachel. "Aging Ragefully: A Look at Aging Women in Four Contemporary American Dramas." TopSCHOLAR®, 2015. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1464.

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Despite the growing feminist discourse in America, ageism continues to be a problem, partially due to stereotypical representations of aging women in the media and in literature. This thesis examines the portrayals of aging women in four American dramas: Zona Gale’s Miss Lulu Bett, Edward Albee’s The American Dream and The Sandbox, and Tracey Letts’ August: Osage County. Each of the aging matriarchs in these dramas plays a different role within her family structure; however, all employ others’ perceptions of them as a means of gaining or keeping control over their own situation. Chapter 1 examines Mrs. Bett from Zona Gale’s Miss Lulu Bett, and how she uses the way she is perceived by her family as a means of helping her daughter, even though her own fate is set. Chapter 2 explores the character Grandma from Edward Albee’s The American Dream and The Sandbox, and the ways in which Grandma uses her family’s perception of her, as well as her own rhetoric about aging, to establish her own selfdefinition. Chapter 3 discusses Violet, the matriarch of the family in Tracey Letts’s August: Osage County, and how she uses the way her family perceives her as a way to control the family’s destruction.
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17

Mottram, Alicli Sanem. "Aging Mother &amp." Master's thesis, METU, 2003. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/1218841/index.pdf.

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Using qualitative analysis, this thesis analyzes intergenerational support, conflict, and ambivalence between aging mothers and their middle aged adult daughters. In-depth interviews with 30 mother-daughter pairs explored respondents&
#8217
relationship history, changes in the relationship over the life course (childhood, adolescence, young adulthood, marriage of daughter, parenthood of daughter, widowhood of mother), social network composition, frequency of contact, expectations, type and frequency of intergenerational support, intimacy, compliance, conflict or disagreement, and comparison of self with the other party in terms of parenting styles and filial behaviors. Moreover, similarities and differences in the personalities of mother-daughter dyads were investigated from both mothers and daughters perspective. Participants reported that, there is an ample amount of intergenerational support between aging mothers and their adult daughters. Conflicts between mother-daughter pairs arise from interference, irritating personality traits and behaviors and differing views. Daughters experience more ambivalent feelings than mothers in their relationship. Both parties employ passive and secondary relationship maintenance tactics with the goal of preserving relationship harmony. Three distinct types of mother-daughter relationship emerged: close/peaceful, ambivalent and distant. Mother-daughter relationships have undergone transformations with life stages: daughters&
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marriage, daughters&
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parenthood, mothers&
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aging and declining health and mothers&
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widowhood. Effects of certain historical events and social changes emerged from the study. The research findings were discussed with reference to Turkish cultural characteristics and they were compared with Western research findings.
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18

Long, Douglas Colfer. "Aging Effects of Incarceration." Thesis, University of California, San Francisco, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10690081.

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Whether incarceration confers excessive risk for accelerated aging or premature mortality remains an open question. Earlier studies suggested excess risk for aging and premature mortality but the data were either anecdotal or using population comparisons. One of the major risk factors for persons incarcerated is a history of substance abuse which alone is associated with adverse outcomes. Thus, we chose to examine the question of incarceration and adverse outcomes among a sample restricted to drug users, to determine if there was an independent risk related to incarceration. In terms of drug use, it is well documented that the risk of mortality is highest within the first couple of weeks after release. We framed the question, does a history of incarceration have a latency for a long term effect on accelerated aging and premature mortality after accounting for drug use. To examine this question, we used data from the AIDS Linked to the IntraVenous Experience (ALIVE) cohort, which consisted of injection drug users (IDU) presenting to a community clinic in Baltimore and followed semiannually for up to 30 years. Data were collected from 2005–2013 and history of incarceration was based on self-report for when the participant was entered into the cohort study anytime between 1988–2005. Outcome data were frailty using Fried’s criteria (For frailty, operationalized according to Fried, we used a three-level scale of non-frail, prefrail, and frail) that was collected from 2005 onward, and all-cause mortality collected from NDI-Plus. For statistical analysis, ALIVE participants were divided into two cohorts, those recruited before the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) when HIV infection was a significant cause of premature mortality, and those recruited after the advent of HAART when the risk of death from HIV dropped significantly. We started the investigation with a literature review that included scholarly studies published from 1990 until 2017 on the association between incarceration and prevalence of chronic disease. In the cross-sectional study, the independent variable was a history of incarceration, operationalized as the total number of reported incarcerations in the six months prior to baseline. We examined two dependent variables: Frailty and mortality. No statistically significant effect of incarceration on frailty was found even after controlling for age, gender, race, educational attainment, HIV status, or current injection drug use. For mortality by a history of incarceration a survival analysis showed no significant difference even after controlling for age, gender, and HIV status. The adjusted relative hazard (95% CI) of mortality for those with a history of incarceration was 1.14 (0.81, 1.60) among those enrolled in the Pre-HAART era cohort and 1.19 (0.68, 2.10) for those enrolled in the HAART era cohort. Although earlier studies observed excess mortality soon after release, our data suggests that the role of past incarceration may have modest if any impact on the long term occurrence of frailty or mortality.

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19

Viens, Caroline F. "Varieties of personal aging." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq25977.pdf.

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20

Gousheh, Seyed Abdolmehdi. "Aging and shiftwork tolerance." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0015/NQ49940.pdf.

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21

Miscio, Gina. "Aging women with schizophrenia." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ55919.pdf.

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22

Purnomo, Eko Hari. "Rheology of aging suspensions." Enschede : University of Twente [Host], 2008. http://doc.utwente.nl/59045.

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23

Hasson, Christopher J. "Carbohydrate metabolism and aging." Virtual Press, 1987. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/490219.

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It has been widely recognized that aging will cause a profound decrease in glucose tolerance end increase insulin resistance. These changes have been found to occur at a relatively early age. Narimiya [54], has documented these changes in younger rots end has shown alterations in glycogen metabolism to occur prior to nine months of age. Exercise in the form of running has been shown to attenuate these changes. In Vivo, glucose, insulin end muscle glycogen have interrelated functions. The role of muscle glycogen is to provide energy for the muscle's contractile process. Insulin is needed at rest to allow glucose to enter the muscle and be stored as glycogen. The purpose of this study is to pinpoint when changes in glycogen metabolism occur while looking at the influence of exercise end weight restriction on the process. METHODS: Male Sprague Dawley rats ages 1.5-4.0 months of age were divided into three groups control (CN), pairfed (PF), and exercise trained (ET). The ET cages were equipped with voluntary running wheels attached to an automatic revolution counter. At 1.5 months, a group of controls were sacrificed and treated as the 4 mo. animals described below. Following training the hindlimbs of CN, ET, end PF were surgically isolated and glucose uptake examined by perfusing them with a bovine blood preparation, which contained insulin and glucose. Pre and post samples of the soleus, plantaris, and red and white vastus were removed and assayed for glycogen. RESULTS: The 1.5 mo. CN had significantly greater glucose uptake then any other group for both the insulin and non-insulin infused groups. The ET had significantly greater uptake than the other 4 mo. groups at 90 and 120 min in the insulin infused group. In the 1.5 mo. CN when insulin is not present all muscles will break down glycogen. When insulin is present, glycogen is used in all but the white vastus. In the 4 mo. CN all muscles except the soleus break down glycogen. In the ET the glycogen breakdown pattern is similar regardless of whether insulin is present or not. In the PF, glycogen breakdown is depressed and decidely different from the other treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS: There is an age dependent decrease in glucose tolerance and insulin resistance at or before 4 mo. of age. Training prevented some of this loss but did not stop the decline. Weight restriction had a nominal, if any, benefit in reducing insulin resistance and raising glucose tolerance with aging.
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24

Ostrogorsky, Aleksandar G. "Aging of polyurethane foams." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/15016.

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Thesis (Sc. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 1986.
MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ENGINEERING
Bibliography: leaves 151-153.
by Aleksandar G. Ostrogorsky.
Sc.D.
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25

McCauley, Marshall I. "Perspectives on successful aging." Scholarly Commons, 2010. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/2681.

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Most humans aspire to live long, healthy lives. It has been assumed that one's length and quality of life were primarily determined by genetics; it is now believed that aging is influenced more by factors within an individual's control. This study sought to identify the factors consistently related to successful aging. Relationships between various participant demographic variables were examined in relation to a) a general quality of life index, b) a geriatric-specific quality of life index tailored to include items believed to more closely associate with successful aging, and c) participants' subjective ratings of aging "success". English-speaking individuals over the age of 60 were recruited as participants from community centers and senior housing communities. The hypothesis that the correlation between the QLI-G40 total score and the subjective rating of aging success ( r = .59) would be more strongly positive than the correlation between the QLI-GEN-III total score and the subjective rating of aging success ( r = .55), was not supported. A Fisher's r -to- z transformation, which resulted in a Fisher's z -score of .36 ( p = .719), showed that the difference between these two independent Pearson's correlations was not statistically significant. It was also found that the "Control" domain of the geriatric-specific QLI (items related to health, health-limitation perception and autonomy/independence) was most strongly correlated with subjective ratings of aging success. Future researchers should administer multiple questionnaires over several sessions to establish concurrent validity with existing measures in the continued development of a geriatric-specific QLI. Future research should continue to emphasize the use of subjective assessments, as there is a great deal of behavioral variation among those aging well into late life.
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26

Balubaid, Afnan. "PERCEPTION OF HEALTHY AGING." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1618585717996844.

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27

Perez, de Larraya Espinosa Mikel. "Photovoltaic Power Plant Aging." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för byggnadsteknik, energisystem och miljövetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-33252.

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One of the most pressing problems nowadays is climate change and global warming. As it name indicates, it is a problem that concerns the whole earth. There is no doubt that the main cause for this to happen is human, and very related to non-renewable carbon-based energy resources. However, technology has evolved, and some alternatives have appeared in the energy conversion sector. Nevertheless, they are relatively young yet. Since the growth in renewable energies technologies wind power and PV are the ones that have taken the lead. Wind power is a relatively mature technology and even if it still has challenges to overcome the horizon is clear. However, in the PV case the technology is more recent. Even if it is true that PV modules have been used in space applications for more than 60 years, large scale production has not begun until last 10 years. This leaves the uncertainty of how will PV plants and modules age. The author will try to analyse the aging of a specific 63 kWp PV plant located in the roof of a building in Gävle, monitoring production and ambient condition data, to estimate the degradation and the new nominal power of the plant. It has been found out that the degradation of the system is not considerable. PV modules and solar inverters were studied, and even if there are more elements in the system, those are the principal ones. PV modules suffered a degradation of less than 5%, while solar inverters’ efficiency dropped from 95,4% to around 93%.
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Rand, Kristina Marie. "Aging and prospective memory." Thesis, Montana State University, 2009. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2009/rand/RandK0509.pdf.

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Darcy, Justin. "Energy metabolism and aging." OpenSIUC, 2017. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1430.

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Ames dwarf mice have a spontaneous homozygous Prophet of Pituitary Factor 1 (Prop1) loss-of-function mutation. The Prop1 mutation results in a lack of differentiation of lactotrophs, thyrotrophs, and somatotrophs in the anterior pituitary. Without these endocrine cell types, Ames dwarf mice have essentially no circulating levels of growth hormone (GH), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and prolactin, and exhibit downstream hormonal deficiencies including insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), 3’,3,5-triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroxine (T4). Ames dwarf mice are exceptionally long-lived (40% to over 60% depending on sex and diet). They are also extremely insulin sensitive, have a delayed incidence of cancer, and have improved energy metabolism. While the extended lifespan and the many characteristics of an extended healthspan have been known for some time in Ames dwarf mice, the revelation that dwarf mice have improved energy metabolism was less than a decade ago. This finding came about at the molecular level (improved efficiency of the electron transport chain) and at the whole-animal level (increased oxygen consumption and decreased respiratory quotient). To date, however, few studies have been directed at furthering our understanding of the possible mechanism(s) by which Ames dwarf mice have altered energy metabolism. The goal of the studies presented in this dissertation is to delineate these mechanisms and to lay the groundwork for future studies that broaden our understanding of the role(s) of energy metabolism in the aging process. Project 1 examines the effects of early-life T4 replacement therapy in Ames dwarf mice. Previous work established that life-long T4 replacement therapy shortens lifespan in Snell dwarf mice (these mice have endocrine deficits that are essentially identical to those of Ames dwarf mice), while short-term replacement therapy during the early postnatal period of Ames dwarf mice does not. We hypothesized that T4 replacement therapy causes transient impairment of energy metabolism, which is why long-term T4 replacement therapy shortens longevity, and short-term replacement therapy does not. Supporting our hypothesis, we showed that short-term T4 replacement therapy during the early postnatal period transiently impaired energy metabolism as measured by indirect calorimetry. Following early-life T4 replacement therapy, we also observed an accelerated rate of sexual development, as well as lasting effects on bone physiology. Project 2 continued our investigation of energy metabolism by examining a highly metabolic tissue: brown adipose tissue (BAT), which is responsible for non-shivering thermogenesis. Our laboratory has already demonstrated functional alterations in visceral adipose tissue of Ames dwarf mice, and given the altered energy metabolism of Ames dwarf mice, we hypothesized that BAT may also be functionally unique compared to their normal littermates. Supporting our hypothesis, we observed alterations in gene expression, relative weight, and histological structure of BAT in Ames dwarf mice. Moreover, surgical removal of the interscapular BAT depot resulted in a unique physiological response, where Ames dwarf mice lost adiposity in their subcutaneous, perirenal, and epididymal white adipose tissue depots, thus contrasting with normal mice that gained adiposity. Project 3 built upon the findings of our second study, where we continued to examine the role of non-shivering thermogenesis and core body temperature in Ames dwarf mice. To further understand the role of non-shivering thermogenesis in glucose homeostasis and energy metabolism, we housed a cohort of Ames dwarf mice and their normal littermates at room temperature (23˚C), and another cohort at thermoneutrality (for mice this is 30˚C). We found that Ames dwarf mice placed at thermoneutrality had impaired glucose homeostasis and energy metabolism. This is an important finding because we and others believe both of these metabolic processes are important factors for longevity. Taken together, these studies indicate that the improved energy metabolism in Ames dwarf mice is dependent upon several factors, including a loss of thyroid hormone signaling and improved non-shivering thermogenesis.
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Bruni, Ilaria <1984&gt. "Succesful Aging at Work." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7679/1/Ilaria_Bruni_tesi.pdf.

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As the context of work and the age composition of the workforce are changing, this raises several issues to the work capacity and participation of the older age groups in the workforce. With the growth of positive psychology researchers have begun to focus not only on the problems that mature workers encounter in the workplace, such as cognitive loss and discrimination deriving from stereotypes, but also on the potential strengths and resources. Despite the attention paid to this subject, there are still unresolved issues concerning factors and processes that contribute to enhance/inhibit older workers’ well-being at work. According to this, this thesis presented two studies, aimed to understand the role of relevant antecedents and outcomes of older workers’ well-being at work.
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Seetharaman, Shyam. "Sugar Consumption and Cognitive Aging in the Swedish Adoption/Twin Study of Aging." Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4222.

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Abstract Consumption of foods high in sugar content has been linked with the development of metabolic abnormalities such as cardiovascular disease and type II diabetes, major sources of global health concerns. Although the detrimental consequences of high intake of sugar on abnormal metabolic processes are established, it is not known how this association affects (or accelerates) cognitive aging. The current project was based on data from the Swedish Adoption/Twin Study of Aging (SATSA) to test the hypothesis that high refined sugar intake contributes to accelerated trajectories of cognitive decline assessed longitudinally. Trajectories of cognitive change were assessed as a function of age, thereby allowing for the observation of changes in cognitive performance across the entire age distribution of the sample. Analyses also accounted for the influences of clinically relevant factors such as cardiovascular health and clinical depression on the relationship between high sugar intake and cognitive aging. Results showed that high sugar consumption was significantly related to lower overall cognitive performance on tests of verbal ability, spatial ability, memory, and perceptual speed compared to low consumption, but there were no significant differences with respect to cognitive change over time. Findings provide unique insight into the potential for dietary sugar to produce decrements in cognitive functioning in older adults.
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Huang, Jing [Verfasser]. "Differential Aging effects on visuomotor control : evidence for an adaptive aging brain / Jing Huang." Gießen : Universitätsbibliothek, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1174938846/34.

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Salzer, Marion Claudia. "Hallmarks of Dermal Fibroblast Aging." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667144.

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Aging is accompanied by cellular, extracellular and systemic changes that impair tissue function. Stromal alterations, such as degeneration of the extracellular matrix, are thought to contribute to organ deterioration in the elderly, yet little is known whether this is caused by changes in fibroblasts, the main cellular component of stroma. Using population- and single-cell whole transcriptomics, as well as long-term lineage tracing, we studied if and how murine dermal fibroblasts are altered during physiological aging. Old dermal fibroblasts not only reduce the expression of genes involved in the formation of the extracellular matrix but, intriguingly, also gain adipogenic traits. Many of these age-related alterations are influenced by systemic changes in metabolism: long-term caloric restriction prevents them in old fibroblasts in a reversible manner, whereas a high-fat diet potentiates them in young fibroblasts. Single-cell RNA sequencing detects two fibroblast subtypes in adult dermis: one characterized by expression of collagens, and the other characterized by expression of genes involved in processes of oxidation-reduction and immune regulation. We show that the identity of these two populations becomes blurred with age, and that gene expression of old fibroblasts is noisy. Our results therefore highlight that identity-noise and the acquisition of adipogenic traits are mechanisms that accompany fibroblast aging, which is sensitive to changes in systemic metabolism.
El envejecimiento se acompaña de cambios celulares, extracelulares y sistémicos que afectan a la función de los órganos. Se cree que las alteraciones estromales, como la degeneración de la matriz extracelular, contribuyen al deterioro de los tejidos de las personas mayores, pero aún se desconoce si se debe a cambios en los fibroblastos, el principal componente celular del estroma. Mediante análisis de transcriptómica clásica de población celular y los más avanzados de transcriptómica de células individuales, así como el seguimiento mediante marcaje del linaje a largo plazo, estudiamos la forma en la que los fibroblastos dérmicos de ratón se alteran durante el envejecimiento fisiológico. Los fibroblastos dérmicos envejecidos no solo reducen la expresión de los genes implicados en la formación de la matriz extracelular, sino que curiosamente, también adquieren rasgos adipogénicos. Muchas de estas alteraciones relacionadas con la edad están influenciadas por cambios sistémicos en el metabolismo: la restricción calórica a largo plazo reduce estos cambios en los fibroblastos viejos de manera reversible, mientras que una dieta alta en grasas los potencia en los fibroblastos jóvenes. La secuenciación de RNA a nivel de células individuales detectó dos subtipos de fibroblastos en la dermis adulta; uno se caracteriza por la expresión de colágenos; el otro se caracteriza por la expresión de genes implicados en procesos de oxidación y en la regulación inmune. Demostramos que la identidad de estas dos poblaciones se vuelve difusa con la edad y que la expresión génica de los fibroblastos viejos es más variable. Por lo tanto, en nuestros resultados destacan la perdida de la fidelidad en la identidad celular y la adquisición de rasgos adipogénicos como los mecanismos que acompañan al envejecimiento de los fibroblastos, siendo éste sensible a los cambios en el metabolismo sistémico.
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34

Murphy, Lisa Jean. "Aging, illusory conjunctions, and attention." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/3425.

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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2006.
Thesis research directed by: Psychology. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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35

Fransson, Christoffer. "Accelerated aging of aluminum alloys." Thesis, Karlstad University, Karlstad University, Karlstad University, Karlstad University, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-5041.

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In order to determine storage life for aluminum alloys it is essential to have a good knowledge on the accelerated aging behavior and the mechanical properties that are affected. The selected aluminum alloys are AA2017, AA6082, AA7075 and the study has been focused on their impact toughness and hardness relation to aging beyond peak conditions. To be able to plot the mechanical properties versus aging time and temperature, Differential Scanning Calorimetric runs have been the key to obtain supporting activation energies for a specific transformation. The activation energies have been calculated according to the Kissinger method, plotted in Matlab. Arrhenius correlation has also been applied to predict the natural aging time for long time storage in 30 degrees Celsius. It could be concluded that the results from the mechanical test series show that the constructed Arrhenius 3D method did not meet the expectations to extrapolate constant activation energies down to storage life condition. Scanning electron microscopy together with light optical microscopy analyses show how important it is to apply notches in proper test specimen directions and how precipitates are grown, as it will affect impact toughness and hardness.

An ending discussion is held to explain how mechanical testing progressed and how other external issues affected the master thesis operations.

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36

Kliegl, Reinhold, Ulrich Mayr, and R. T. Krampe. "Process dissociations in cognitive aging." Universität Potsdam, 1995. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2010/4042/.

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One undisputed finding of cognitive aging research is that the two main clusters of intellectual abilities, fluid and crystallized abilities, exhibit differential age-related trends. Healthy older adults perform less well than young adults on almost any task that requires fast responses or taps the fluid or mechanical aspects of intelligence; they show much less of a decline, if any at all, in tasks requiring the access of their crystallized knowledge (Baltes, 1987; Horn, 1970). These age-differential trends are the prototype of what we will refer to as a process dissociation. We will show how process dissociations can be established within the domain of fluid intelligence that pass more stringent tests than is customary in experimental research on cognitive aging.
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37

Dawson, Thomas. "Aging and Stereoscopic Shape Perception." TopSCHOLAR®, 1999. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/748.

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Past research on stereoscopic depth perception among the elderly has led to inconsistent findings. Some research on stereopsis and aging has found that younger and older adults are essentially the same in terms of their stereoscopic ability, while other research has found evidence of large differences. This past research has largely been limited to investigations of stereoacuity. The purpose of Experiment 1 was to extend this earlier research to compare how older and younger observers perceive the magnitude of stereoscopically defined depth intervals. Random-dot stereograms depicting sinusoidal surfaces were shown to seven younger (i.e., ages 30 and below) and six older (i.e., ages 60 and above) adults. These surfaces were defined by three levels of peak-trough image disparity, two spatial frequencies, and two densities of texture elements. The observers' task was to estimate the magnitude of the depth interval between the surfaces' peaks and troughs. It was found that the perceived depth intervals of the younger observers were closer to those predicted by the geometry of stereopsis: as disparity increased, so did the magnitudes of their perceived depth intervals. This finding was also true for the five out of the six older adults, but the magnitudes of their perceived depth intervals were less than their younger counterparts. The high frequency surfaces were more difficult to perceive for both groups, but were especially difficult for the elderly. In contrast, texture element density had essentially no effect upon the observers' performance for both groups. The results of this experiment showed that the elderly have a significant amount of stereoscopic functionality that is not qualitatively different from younger adults. Experiment 2 was designed to compare older and younger observers' ability to perceive the shape of stereoscopic surfaces. In this experiment, four different surfaces defined by disparity (i.e., bumps, saddles, vertical cylinders, and horizontal cylinders) were shown to five younger (i.e., 30 and below) and five older (i.e., 60 and above) observers. The random-dot stereograms varied in terms of their texture element density and amount of correspondence. The results showed that the older observers were less sensitive to stereoscopic depth and curvature. In all other respects, however, the results for the older observers were essentially identical to those of the younger observers. In particular, the reductions in density and correspondence led to nearly identical declines in performance for both age groups. In summary, the results of both experiments showed that, despite some reductions in perceptual sensitivity, older adults can effectively perceive and discriminate the shape and depth of stereoscopic surfaces.
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Holmin, Jessica Marie. "Aging and Weight-Ratio Estimation." TopSCHOLAR®, 2012. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1143.

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Many researchers have explored the way younger people perceive weight ratios using a variety of methodologies; however, very few researchers have used a more direct ratio estimation procedure, in which participants estimate an actual ratio between two or more weights. Of the few researchers who have used a direct method, the participants who were recruited were invariably younger adults. To date, there has been no research performed to examine how older adults perceive weight-ratios, using direct estimation or any other technique. Past research has provided evidence that older adults have more difficulty than younger adults in perceiving small differences in weight (i.e., the difference threshold for older adults is higher than that of younger adults). Given this result, one might expect that older adults would demonstrate similar impairments in weight ratio estimation compared to younger adults. The current experiment compared the abilities of 17 younger and 17 older adults to estimate weight ratios, using a direct ratio estimation procedure. On any given trial, participants were presented with two weights, and were asked to provide a direct estimate of the ratio, with the heavier in relation to the lighter. The results showed that the participants’ perceived weight ratios increased as a linear function of the actual weight ratios and that compared to younger adults, the older adults overestimated the weight ratios. The age-related overestimation was especially pronounced at higher weight ratios.
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39

Schneider, Claire M. "Lesbian aging, an exploratory study." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0010/MQ36524.pdf.

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40

Bothmer, John. "Phosphoinositides, aging and Alzheimer's disease." Maastricht : Maastricht : Universitaire Pers Maastricht ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 1992. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=6504.

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41

Elliott, Mary Alice. "Crystal aging of terephthalic acid." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/10935.

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42

Rypma, Bart. "Spatial cognitive processes and aging." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/31054.

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43

Napsiyah, Siti. "Understanding aging issues in Indonesia." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=99167.

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This study used combined methods of observations, interviews and document analysis to understand issues related to aging in Indonesia. The study describes relevant policy and practices for older persons in Indonesia, and discusses major social issues of poverty, the need for social security, and ambivalent views of older people in Indonesian society. While the Social Department Affair (Depsos) has pioneered in providing initiatives for older persons, the benefits of these supports are often limited (e.g., formal sector, urban areas). Complexities of the emphasis on family caregiving, constrained government budgets, and social stigma (e.g., "the last priority") mean that older people do not necessarily receive appropriate support from government and society. The role of religion, culture and gender in shaping aging issues are specifically discussed. It would seem that improving the lives of older people in Indonesia requires a social work approach drawing on outside examples while maintaining local tradition.
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Shiogai, Yuri. "Nonlinear dynamics of cardiovascular aging." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.444859.

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Nguyen, Giang Huong. "Cancer, aging and genome instability." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.600238.

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Bloom syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disease caused by loss of function mutations in the BLM gene and characterized by telangiectatic erythema, proportionaJ dwarfism, immune deficiency, infertility, type II diabetes, and a predisposition to many types of cancer. It is unclear how germline mutations in BLM that encodes a helicase protein lead to the highly tissueMspecific changes and disease states associated with BS. In addition, previous works have demonstrated the various roles of BLM in DNA replication and repairs; however, there is currently no mechanism to acutely disable BLM function in cells in order to identify synthetic lethality with other DNA repair factors in an effort to determine how the pathological features of BS might driven by the loss of a single helicase alone. This work aims to develop the fist selective and patent BLM inhibitor that could be used to characterize the role of BLM in gene and rnicroRNA expression as well as the dual effects ofBLM and other DNA damage response proteins such as NIP45. 8
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46

Frank, David J. "Aging and task representation updating." Thesis, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3722518.

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FRANK, DAVID J., Ph.D. Aging and Task Representation Updating. (2015) Directed by Dr. Dayna R. Touron. 96 pp. Older adults? performance decrements can sometime be traced back to inferior strategic choices compared to their younger counterparts. Additionally, older adults often fail to revise their strategic choices with task experience (Bieman-Copland & Charness, 1994; Brigham & Pressley, 1988; Lovett & Schunn, 1999; Price, Dunlosky, & Hertzog, 2008; Touron & Hertzog, 2004a, 2004b; Touron, Hoyer, & Cerella, 2004). Metacognitive models of strategy selection suggests that beliefs, prior knowledge, goals, and task representation influence strategic decisions (e.g., Winne & Hadwin, 1998). No studies to date have attempted to compare task representation in older and younger adults to determine whether older adults? poor strategic choices might be driven by an impoverished understanding of the tasks they are asked to engage in. In two studies we used a pathfinder methodology to elicit conceptual knowledge about a novel chemistry task. In both studies, more conceptual knowledge was related to superior task performance in both younger and older adults. However, we found no evidence of age-related deficits in task representation, formation, or utilization. Surprisingly, participants? task representation scores did not improve following task practice. However, performance improved over trials, even for items that had to be learned with task practice, suggesting that task representation updating did occur. These findings provide indirect evidence of task representation updating in both younger and older adults. However, no age deficits in the ability to update task representations were found. Exploratory analyses suggest that performance in younger adults was related to motivational issues, whereas performance in older adults was driven by higher levels of processing speed and crystallized intelligence.

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Hillinger, Hubertus J. "Loud silence : aging and environment." Virtual Press, 1997. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1041807.

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The purpose of this paper is to present, illustrate and systematize documentation on projected and existing international examples and housing conditions for an aging population and to question the architect's role in terms of person-environment relations.As architects we often base our design on assumptions. A thorough training in the techniques of systematic observation can provide information, and data for improvements and necessities.The paper consists of two main parts. The first part focuses on research of theoretical and practical design aspects through a retrospective look at the history and the physiology of aging.Major goals are:• To increase the knowledge of person-environment interactions through a better understanding of behavioral systems of older people (environment as a stimulant).• To examine environmental attributes constituting an appropriate environment for an independent life (therapeutic aspects of design).• To identify necessities and ways of filling gaps in the relationship between theoretical design aspects and their practical application.•To refelect on historical aspects of aging by showing the ambivalence and changeability in man's systems of values.The second part of the paper considers several international innovative housing and living arrangements in an illustrative way.
Department of Architecture
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48

Ross, Kate. "Memory, aging and Down's Syndrome." Thesis, University of Reading, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317605.

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49

Taylor, Keith Allen. "Aging phenomena in ferrous martensites." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/15219.

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Thesis (Sc.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, 1985.
MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND SCIENCE.
Vita.
Includes bibliographical references.
by Keith Allen Taylor.
Sc.D.
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50

Lahey, Joanna. "Aging and the labor market." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/32405.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Economics, 2005.
"June 2005." Page 111 blank.
Includes bibliographical references.
This thesis is a collection of three essays analyzing the interplay between aging and the labor market. The first chapter demonstrates that differential treatment by age exists in labor markets and explores different possible explanations for this differential treatment. As the baby boom cohort reaches retirement age, demographic pressures on public programs such as social security may cause policy makers to cut benefits and encourage work at later ages. This chapter reports on a labor market experiment to determine the hiring conditions for older women in entry-level jobs in Boston, MA and St. Petersburg, FL. I find differential interviewing by age for these jobs. A younger worker is more than 40% more likely to be offered an interview than an older worker. I find no evidence to support taste-based discrimination as a reason for this differential and some evidence to support statistical discrimination. The second chapter examines more closely one of the possible reason for this differential treatment. Older workers may cost employers more in terms of potential age discrimination lawsuits. I study the effects of state and federal age discrimination laws between 1968 and 1991. Prior to the enforcement of the federal law, state laws had little effect on older workers, suggesting that firms either knew little about these laws or did not see them as a threat. After the enforcement of the federal Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) in 1979, white male workers over the age of 50 in states with age discrimination laws work fewer weeks per year and are less likely to be hired or separated from their jobs, but are more likely to be retired (perhaps involuntarily).
(cont.) These findings suggest a story in which firms do not wish to hire older workers, are afraid to fire older workers, and remove older workers through strong incentives to retire in states where lawsuits are less of a hurdle for the worker. The third paper, co-authored with Melissa Boyle, explores the relationship between health insurance coverage and labor market efficiencies termed "job-lock." We exploit an insurance option which is bth truly exogenous to work decisions, and of lasting duration. A major expansion in both the services provided and the population covered by the Department of Veterans Affairs health care system allows us to both cleanly estimate the extent of job-lock, and also to study the impact of publicly provided health care on labor supply. Using data from the Current Population Survey, we examine the impact of health care coverage on labor force participation and retirement by comparing veterans and non-veterans before and after the VA expansion. Results indicate that workers are significantly more likely to cease working as a result of becoming eligible for public insurance, and are also more likely to move to part-time work.
by Joanna Nicole Lahey.
Ph.D.
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