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Beaton, Jacqueline, Ngaire Kerse, and Martin Connolly. "Government Policy on Transport Options Directed towards the Advanced Age." Studies in Social Science Research 3, no. 2 (May 28, 2022): p223. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/sssr.v3n2p223.
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Background: Response was noteworthy by both gender and cultural grouping New Zealand Maori and non-Maori to the question of transport options for older people.Method: Respondents were asked to rate government policy along a scale of very unhappy-to- very happy. These results were then analysed using ordinal logistic regression, Mann Whitney U test and descriptive analysis.Results: Participants totalled 931 with 421 New Zealand Maori and 510 New Zealand Maori non-Maori.New Zealand Maori: Within the three age categories (83-86, 87-89 & 90-93) it was New Zealand Maori males aged between 87-89 years followed by 83-86 years who indicated that they were predominantly happy or neither happy/unhappy with government policy. Males aged between 90-93 years were also very happy or had a marginal view of the legislation. For New Zealand Maori females instead a comparable number of those aged between 83-86 years view indicated that they either very happy to being neither happy or unhappy with the policy. Whereas for the next age grouping (87-89 years) their opinion reduced slightly to those who were either happy or neither happy/unhappy. A position similarly held by New Zealand Maori females aged 90 years plus.New Zealand non-Maori: Both New Zealand non-Maori male and female results demonstrated a similar pattern with them being mainly happy with the legislation, then neither happy or unhappy to being very happy. Conclusion: Generally it could be said that results from both New Zealand Maori and non-Maori were relatively impartial towards government transport legislation sitting either on the fence or just slightly above.
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Reymond, Liz, Fiona J. Israel, and Margaret A. Charles. "A residential aged care end-of-life care pathway (RAC EoLCP) for Australian aged care facilities." Australian Health Review 35, no. 3 (2011): 350. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah10899.
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The objective of this study was to develop, implement and evaluate an end-of-life (terminal) care pathway and associated infrastructure suitable for Australian residential aged care facilities that improves resident and health system outcomes. The residential aged care end-of-life care pathway was developed by a multidisciplinary collaboration of government and non-government professionals and incorporated best clinical management for dying residents to guide care and increase palliative care capacity of generalist staff. Implementation included identifying and up-skilling Link Nurses to champion the pathway, networking facilities with specialist palliative care services, delivering education to generalists and commencing a Palliative Care Medication Imprest System in each facility. The primary outcome measure for evaluation was transfer to hospital; secondary measures included staff perceived changes in quality of palliative care provided and family satisfaction with care. Results indicated that the pathway, delivered within a care framework that guides provision of palliative care, resulted in improved resident outcomes and decreased inappropriate transfers to acute care settings. What is known about the topic? Residential aged care facilities (RACFs) are the hospices of today. Many RACF staff are not confident in the delivery of high quality palliative care, resulting in inappropriate transfers of dying residents to acute care facilities. Needs-based palliative care pathways are being used increasingly to direct care in a variety of healthcare environments. What does this paper add? Provides the first evidence in Australia that a residential aged care end-of-life care pathway (RAC EoLCP) improves outcomes of care for dying residents and results in fewer residents being inappropriately transferred to acute care facilities. What are the implications for practitioners? Use of the RAC EoLCP will improve resident and health system outcomes by guiding the delivery of high quality palliative care and improving the palliative care capacity of generalist health providers.
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Fleishman, Rachel. "An innovative method of government surveillance of services for the aged in Israel." International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance 11, no. 5 (September 1998): 161–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09526869810230894.
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Martin, Fiona, and Gerard Goggin. "Digital Transformations?: Gendering the End User in Digital Government Policy." Journal of Information Policy 6, no. 1 (June 1, 2016): 436–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/jinfopoli.6.2016.436.
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Abstract Digital government strategies espouse user-centric design and citizen participation, but it is unclear how they explicitly address the needs of women, who are significant users of health, social welfare, and aged-care services. This article analyzes how Australia's 2015 Digital Transformations initiative, based on the British Gov.uk program, attends to international benchmarks for gender equality and empowerment in ICT policy. It finds gender awareness absent from construction of a service end user, with disability and ethnicity constituting the markers of sociocultural difference. In response it proposes gender-aware codesign principles for developing more equitable, effective online service delivery.
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Shim, Sang-Gak, and Chang-One Kim. "Suggestions for the Development Direction of the Aging-friendly Industry in Daegu Metropolitan City." National Association of Korean Local Government Studies 24, no. 1 (May 31, 2022): 49–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.38134/klgr.2022.24.1.049.
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If the proportion of population aged 65 or older exceeds 20%, it is called a "super-aged society," and according to the National Statistical Office's future population estimate, the proportion of population aged 65 or older reached 20.3% as of 2025. Accordingly, the government and local governments need to establish various policies according to the entry into an aging society. Korea is also aware of this situation and establishing and promoting policies for various elderly societies or elderly-friendly industries. However, there is a limitation in terms of policy efficiency as the approach to the situation or flow of the times is prioritized, not the multidimensional approach to the aging society and the aging-friendly industry. Therefore, this study suggested the direction of revitalization of the aging-friendly industry, policies, institutions, and corporate participation in the market sector through analysis of Japanese policies and markets that entered the aging society earlier than Korea. As a result of this study, it was confirmed that the elderly-friendly industry needs diversification of products and services and high added value accordingly, and business opportunities should be discovered and provided to products and services desired by the elderly. In addition, in terms of policy, the government and local governments need to make prior support policies for the elderly-friendly industry, and efforts for the interest and development of the elderly-friendly industry by local governments.
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Ulum, Muhammad Bahrul, and Dina Tsalist Wildana. "Promoting the Right to Education through A Card: A Paradox of Indonesia's Educational Policy?" Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies 4, no. 1 (May 6, 2019): 143–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jils.v4i01.26973.
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In 2015, the Indonesian government unveiled the Smart Indonesia Program, or Program Indonesia Pintar (PIP). The program consisted of educational subsidies through cash transfers exclusively granted to students aged from 6 to 21 years old from poor families. This paper examines the role of the PIP subsidy pertaining to the fulfilment of the right to education. As a consequence, it resulted in a competing account between cash transfers and the minimum standard of government duties to fulfil the need for adequate educational support. There is a paradox in the government's educational policy on the fulfilment of human rights to education in dealing with the PIP program. While educational complexities faced in remote areas cannot be hindered and it is granted not solely to students from vulnerable families. Such discrepancies in programs circumstantially affirm that the government ignores the root of Indonesia's educational problems, including providing free education as its obligation to human rights. The research conducted concludes by suggesting the government to evaluate the current policies by considering budget priorities and the efficiency of providing inclusive education.
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Solah, M. S., A. Hamzah, A. H. Ariffin, M. S. Abdul Khalid, A. S. Salleh, S. A. S. M. Rahim, and K. A. Abu Kassim. "Private Vehicle Roadworthiness Inspection – Towards ELV Realization." Journal of the Society of Automotive Engineers Malaysia 5, no. 3 (September 1, 2021): 399–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.56381/jsaem.v5i3.182.
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Being one of the most critical sectors worldwide, the rapid increase of automobility has necessitated effective management of End-of- Life Vehicles (ELVs). However, in Malaysia, an ELV policy and initiative is absent from the country's automotive ecosystem which resulted in a proliferation of aged and unsafe vehicles; thus potentially increasing the chance of occupant injury in a crash. The government had already mooted an ELV policy but due to public outcry, the proposed plan for the scrapping of aged vehicles was postponed. This paper aims to provide an overview of a potential private vehicle inspection to be introduced and also the challenges facing the government towards the implementation of the ELV directive in Malaysia. It is believed that the results presented in this paper will be useful to academics, government officials, and researchers to establish strategies for ELV policy in Malaysia effectively via a vehicle roadworthiness inspection.
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Timo, Nils. "Future directions for workplace bargaining and aged care under a post 2005 Howard government." Australian Health Review 29, no. 3 (2005): 274. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah050274.
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ON THE 1ST OF JULY 2005, the Howard Government took control of both the House of Representatives and the Senate and substantial reform of the nation?s industrial relations framework is likely to proceed. In order to understand the implications of the proposed industrial relations (IR) reform agenda on aged care, it is necessary to briefly revisit the past. Historically, the ability of the Commonwealth Parliament to regulate industrial relations was construed in the context of Section 51 (xxxv) of the Australian Constitution Act 1900 (Cwlth) that enabled the Commonwealth to make laws concerning ?conciliation and arbitration and the prevention and settlement of industrial disputes extending beyond the limits of any one state?. Since 1904, the Commonwealth, with the states following shortly thereafter, established a regime of industrial tribunals responsible for third party independent conciliation and arbitration, overseeing a system of legally binding industrial awards covering wages and employment conditions. This system, in the words of one of its chief architects, Justice Higgins, ? . . . would substitute for the rude and barbarous processes of strike and lock-out?1 (page 2). By 1991, Australian wages policy gradually shifted from centralised arbitration, elevating workplace agreements to the status of government policy on both sides of politics.2 This process accelerated labour market deregulation, shifting industrial relations and human resource issues to the enterprise level.3 The shift towards workplace agreements post 1990?s was underpinned by a bold reinterpretation of Section 51 (xx) of the Constitution Act that enabled the Commonwealth to regulate the affairs of ?trading or financial corporations formed within the limits of the Commonwealth?, thus, by definition, including regulating employee relations of corporations. The use by the Commonwealth of these powers has extended the jurisdiction of the Australian Industrial Relations Commission (AIRC) to include the making and approving of certified agreements made by constitutional corporations or in settlement of an industrial dispute. Other types of employers such as sole traders, churches and charities, partnerships and unincorporated associations remained covered by state industrial jurisdictions. (On these powers of the Commonwealth, see State of
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Borotkanics, Robert, Cassandra Rowe, Andrew Georgiou, Heather Douglas, Meredith Makeham, and Johanna Westbrook. "Changes in the profile of Australians in 77 residential aged care facilities across New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory." Australian Health Review 41, no. 6 (2017): 613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah16125.
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Objective Government expenditure on and the number of aged care facilities in Australia have increased consistently since 1995. As a result, a range of aged care policy changes have been implemented. Data on demographics and utilisation are important in determining the effects of policy on residential aged care services. Yet, there are surprisingly few statistical summaries in the peer-reviewed literature on the profile of Australian aged care residents or trends in service utilisation. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to characterise the demographic profile and utilisation of a large cohort of residential aged care residents, including trends over a 3-year period. Methods We collected 3 years of data (2011–14) from 77 residential aged care facilities and assessed trends and differences across five demographic and three service utilisation variables. Results The median age at admission over the 3-year period remained constant at 86 years. There were statistically significant decreases in separations to home (z = 2.62, P = 0.009) and a 1.35% increase in low care admissions. Widowed females made up the majority (44.75%) of permanent residents, were the oldest and had the longest lengths of stay. One-third of permanent residents had resided in aged care for 3 years or longer. Approximately 30% of residents were not born in Australia. Aboriginal residents made up less than 1% of the studied population, were younger and had shorter stays than non-Aboriginal residents. Conclusion The analyses revealed a clear demographic profile and consistent pattern of utilisation of aged care facilities. There have been several changes in aged care policy over the decades. The analyses outlined herein illustrate how community, health services and public health data can be used to inform policy, monitor progress and assess whether intended policy has had the desired effects on aged care services. What is known about the topic? Characterisation of permanent residents and their utilisation of residential aged care facilities is poorly described in the peer-reviewed literature. Further, publicly available government reports are incomplete or characterised using incomplete methods. What does this paper add? The analyses in the present study revealed a clear demographic profile and consistent pattern of utilisation of aged care facilities. The most significant finding of the study is that one-third of permanent residents had resided in an aged care facility for ≥3 years. These findings add to the overall picture of residential aged care utilisation in Australia. What are the implications for practitioners? The analyses outlined herein illustrate how community, health services and public health data can be utilised to inform policy, monitor progress and assess whether or not intended policy has had the desired effects on aged care services.
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Cusack, L., L. Siegloff, P. Arbon, A. Hutton, and L. Mayner. "(A227) Tension between Emergency Management Policy Decisions and Aged Care Facilities in Australia: A Case Study." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (May 2011): s61—s62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11002135.
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This paper considers the impact that a number of Australian emergency management policy and operational decisions are having on residential aged care facilities located in the community. For example, all residential aged care facilities applying for new federal government funded aged care places are required to demonstrate a plan for environmental disaster threats such as bushfires and floods. Another example is the adoption of new fire danger rating scale, with the inclusion of an extreme level called “catastrophic”-code red. This inclusion requires all services and community members, living in bushfire-prone areas to decide whether or not to evacuate the day before or morning of a Bureau of Meteorology fire danger index indicating a code red. There is evidence that these policy and operational decisions have been made without fully examining the practical implications, particularly for aged care facilities. While many of the facilities on which these decisions impact see the rational for such decisions, they argue that these decisions have serious implications for their services and patients. Many residential aged care facilities, which are privately operated, historically have not been involved in any state or local government emergency management planning. Therefore, the whole concept of risk assessment, preparation, and planning to increase the absorbing, buffering, and response capacity of their facilities against extreme weather events has become quite overwhelming for some. This paper presents a case study that demonstrates the tension between emergency management policy decisions on an aged care facility, and outlines their issues and response.
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Solly, Kane Norman, and Yvonne Wells. "What predicts consumer experience in residential aged care? An analysis of consumer experience report data." Australian Health Review 45, no. 4 (2021): 485. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah20270.
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ObjectivesThis study explored whether consumer experience report (CER) data from residential aged care services (RACSs) could be combined into a general factor and determined whether poor experience in RACSs could be predicted by known resident or home characteristics or sampling procedures. MethodsCER data collected by structured interviews in 2018 and early 2019 were analysed using structural equation modelling and linear regression analysis. ResultsData were available from 17194 interviews undertaken at 1159 RACSs. The 10 CER items loaded onto two independent factors. Bifactorial modelling indicated that items could be combined into a general factor. Controlling for state or territory, consumer experience was best predicted by home size: those in large facilities reported poorer experience than those in smaller facilities. Other significant negative predictors with small effect sizes included not being independently mobile, being male and not being randomly selected. Dementia did not predict total CER score. ConclusionsThe results of this study support the inclusion of people with dementia and exclusion of volunteer participants from published CERs. Further research is needed to explore why a relatively poor consumer experience is reported by people in larger homes, men and those with mobility issues. What is known about the topic?Poor experience in aged care is a persistent concern for government, individuals and aged care services. The recent Royal Commission into Aged Care Quality and Safety has identified systemic failure. Although many organisational features and processes have previously been identified as important in determining the quality of care, few studies have explored the characteristics that predict the consumer experience of residents in aged care. What does this paper add?This paper provides empirical evidence that several variables influence consumer experience in aged care, including facility size and resident sex and mobility. There is evidence that smaller facilities provide care that is perceived better by residents, and that men and people with mobility issues have worse experiences in aged care. There is a lack of clarity as to what other influences, such as facility ethos, facility location and staffing levels, may contribute to resident experience. Such clarity is important, because Australian aged care is currently facing comprehensive scrutiny, and governments are looking to ensure the safety and quality of aged care services. What are the implications for practitioners?Identifying and addressing inequities in aged care services and mitigating risks must be a priority in Australia to ensure aged care services provide safe and high-quality care. The results of this study challenge current funding structures that encourage the development of larger aged care homes, and instead suggest that better funding for smaller-sized facilities may be able to improve the experience of residents in aged care. The results also suggest that facilities and governments should attend to the experiences of specific groups, such as men and people with mobility issues.
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Hearn, Lydia, and Linda Slack-Smith. "Oral health care in residential aged care services: barriers to engaging health-care providers." Australian Journal of Primary Health 21, no. 2 (2015): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py14029.
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The oral health of older people living in residential aged care facilities has been widely recognised as inadequate. The aim of this paper is to identify barriers to effective engagement of health-care providers in oral care in residential aged care facilities. A literature review was conducted using MEDline, CINAHL, Web of Science, Academic Search Complete and PsychInfo between 2000 and 2013, with a grey literature search of government and non-government organisation policy papers, conference proceedings and theses. Keywords included: dental/oral care, residential aged care, health-care providers, barriers, constraints, and limitations. A thematic framework was used to synthesise the literature according to a series of oral health-care provision barriers, health-care provider barriers, and cross-sector collaborative barriers. A range of system, service and practitioner level barriers were identified that could impede effective communication/collaboration between different health-care providers, residents and carers regarding oral care, and these were further impeded by internal barriers at each level. Findings indicated several areas for investigation and consideration regarding policy and practice improvements. While further research is required, some key areas should be addressed if oral health care in residential aged care services is to be improved.
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Riach, Kathleen, and Gavin Jack. "The Affective Economy of the Business Case for Mature Aged Workers." Social Policy and Society 15, no. 4 (July 18, 2016): 611–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746416000282.
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This article draws on Ahmed's (2004) concept of affective economies as a means of critically exploring the nature and consequences of the ‘business case for mature aged workers’: a framework that underpins recent government and corporate policy focusing on extending working lives. Contra to the claims of the business case as wholly rationalistic ‘common sense’ and logical, the article argues that the business case operates discursively by drawing on latent but potent circuits of emotionality. Drawing on a range of government ‘best practice’ resources for employers, we show how the ‘rippling effects’ of emotionality result in particular systems of valuation pertaining to mature aged workers and later life working. In situating these dynamics as important to a broader affective political economy, we argue this may inadvertently undermine current initiatives seeking to promote the retention and recruitment of mature aged workers.
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Gibson, Diane. "Reforming Aged Care in Australia: Change and Consequence." Journal of Social Policy 25, no. 2 (April 1996): 157–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279400000295.
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ABSTRACTFor the last ten years, the Australian system of services for frail elderly people has been undergoing significant reforms. Prior to that time, a series of government reviews and inquiries had repeatedly identified the same problems, including the dominance of institutional care, the inadequate supply of home and community based services, the lack of co-ordination, the inefficiency, and the unequal distribution of services by geographical area. Changes since the implementation of the Aged Care Reform Strategy in 1985 have been considerable, particularly with regard to the residential care sector. This article is concerned with the policy responses which emerged under the Strategy, and their impact on aged care service delivery in Australia.
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Aboh, Irene. "Perceptions of government stakeholders on ageing and assisted care in the Cape Coast Municipal Area." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 7, no. 4 (April 19, 2020): 71–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.74.8013.
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Aim: To explore the perceptions of government stakeholders on assisted care for the aged in a Metropolis, in Ghana.
Method: This is a qualitative sub-study of a larger study on developing a model for the care of the aged in the Cape Coast Metropolitan area. The following questions were put to the key informants: Have you noticed an increase in the number of the aged in the communities? What are government plans for the aged? How is the welfare and the caring from traditional attention, what is your view on the introduction of assisted care in Ghana? Data was collected through key-informant in-depth interviews with 10 government stakeholders directly in charge of policy implementation in the metropolis. Data collection took place over a period of four months from October 2016 to January 2107. The interviews were digitally recorded and transcribed verbatim, coded and analyzed.
Findings: There were no preparations made for ageing, the government had plans and strategies for aged care. Traditional caring provision is inadequate and the concept of assisted living is regarded with mixed feelings. Some informant described assisted caring as an unaccepted practise that should not be encouraged.
Conclusion: Those implementing the policies are not certain of the feasibility of the programme. Awareness of assisted living should be promoted so that the community can make their own decisions.
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Dovie, Delali A. "Articulation of the shallow inclusion and deep exclusion of older adults from the Ghanaian policy terrain." Studia z Polityki Publicznej, no. 2(26) (October 1, 2020): 59–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.33119/kszpp/2020.2.3.
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The paper examines how the Ghanaian policy environment shapes access inequalities in well-being at old age, utilizing qualitative and quantitative datasets obtained from individuals aged 50+ (n = 230). The results show from older people (70%) that aged policy extensively excludes older adults. This denotes an incomprehensible policy domain that comprises the constitution, social protection policy, the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) act, and the national ageing policy. The challenge is the mandatory retirement age is 60 years; while the compartmentalization of the NHIS free healthcare provision is for those aged 70+, the Welfare Card (EBAN) provides access to social amenities, including transportation, to older people 65+ at a discount of 50%. However, older adults are not a homogenous group. These policies address needs of the aged incoherently, with currency across the spheres of social exclusion and inclusion. However, a policy is a key resource, the limitation of which may have dire repercussions, including ageism. This has broader implications for social, economic, political exclusion regarding multi-dimensional facets of healthcare and labor force participation. These are discussed in light of the three pillars of ageing social policy, namely healthcare, paid work, and social care. The paper argues that government policy is skewed towards children, youth, gender, and education, despite older adults' increasing population, without an appreciation for concrete and determinate policies.
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Buchanan, A. "Children aged 0–13 at risk of social exclusion: Impact of government policy in England and Wales." Children and Youth Services Review 28, no. 10 (October 2006): 1135–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2005.10.014.
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Gargett, Susan. "The introduction of a targeted user-pays approach to funding high-level residential aged care in Australia: an empirical investigation of the impact on price." Health Economics, Policy and Law 5, no. 4 (October 2010): 481–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1744133109990314.
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AbstractIn response to predictions that population ageing will increase government spending over the coming decades, in 1997–98, the Australian Government introduced means-tested income fees and accommodation charges for those admitted to nursing homes with income and assets above set threshold levels. Immediately prior, all residents paid the same price for their care and were not required to contribute towards the cost of their accommodation. In addition, in relation to those eligible to pay a higher price, the Government reduced its subsidisation of the cost of their care. The Government anticipated that the initiative would more equitably share the cost of age-related services across the public and private sectors, and result in some cost savings for itself. The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of the policy on the average price paid by residents. The findings suggest that the policy may have contributed to an increase in the average price paid, but statistical evidence is limited due to a number of data issues. Results also indicate that the rate of increase in the price was greater after theResidential Aged Care Structural Reformpackage was introduced. The study contributes to the economic analysis of the sector by evaluating time series estimates of prices paid by residents since the early 1970s.
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Osakwe-Ogo, Winifred Uju. "The Gender Perspective Of Psychological Challenges Experienced By Residents In Homes For The Aged In Nigeria." Archives of Business Research 7, no. 10 (November 10, 2019): 213–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/abr.710.7335.
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The purpose of the study was to identify the gender differentials in psychological problems experienced by residents of homes for the aged in Nigeria as well as the strategies for reducing the problems. Two research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. The design was descriptive, involving 235 residents of mission and government-managed homes for the Old selected through cluster random sampling. Data were collected through a 108 item research-developed questionnaire organized in four sections. Mean ratings were used in answering the research questions, while t-test statistic was used in testing the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. Findings indicated that residents of old people’s homes experience a series of psychological challenges such as depression, insomnia, amnesia, emotional problems and fear. While, female residents rated emotional challenges and fears as more contributory to their psychological challenges and male respondents rated self-esteem as significant influencers to psychological challenges. In addition, the residents perceived that policy enforcement, pension policies and medical services as key strategies to reducing psychological challenges and that resident of mission-managed homes rated their experiences of social problems more than the residents in government managed homes. Based on this a number of recommendations were made which include; policy review of existing policies on the care of the aged in the society, pension administration review, more participation by the Nigerian government, re-training and employment of care-givers by non-governmental bodies, missionary and the government, integrating a gender based approach in counseling, ensuring adequate medical facilities are available, fast tracking medical response services to members of this elite group.
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NUSEM, EREZ, CARA WRIGLEY, and JUDY MATTHEWS. "Exploring aged care business models: a typological study." Ageing and Society 37, no. 2 (November 12, 2015): 386–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x15001257.
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ABSTRACTAustralian providers of aged care are facing a rapidly ageing population and growth in demand for services. Beyond a sheer increase in consumers and major regulatory changes from Federal Government, many customers are becoming progressively discontented with a medically dominated model of care provision. This period of turbulence presents an opportunity for new entrants and forward-thinking organisations to disrupt the market by designing a more compelling value offering. Under this line of inquiry, the researchers conducted a qualitative content analysis study of over 37 Australian aged care organisations, clustering providers into six business model typologies. The study revealed that providers of aged care are becoming increasingly aware of emerging customer needs, and, in addressing these needs, are seeking to establish innovative models of care provision. This paper therefore presents a future model of care, along with implications for practice and policy.
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Kim, Heekyoung, and John W. Traphagan. "Irony and the Sociocultural Construction of Old Age in South Korea: Perspectives From Government, the Medical Profession, and the Aged." Care Management Journals 11, no. 3 (September 2010): 183–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1521-0987.11.3.183.
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This article explores the intersection between discourses with multiple meanings that relate to the cultural construction of elder identities in South Korea. The authors explore the experiences of elder patients at a free clinic to consider how government policy, attitudes among biomedical professionals, and elders themselves come into contact and influence the experiences of older Koreans within the national health care system. The study is ethnographic, using interview data to examine how the identities of elder Koreans are being shifted from “weak and in need of care” to “potentially problematic consumer” and how governmental policies both stimulate and respond to that shift. By focusing on the situational status of the elderly, this article is intended to represent the voices of some elderly, voices that can be submerged within the process of decision making related to public policy.
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CHEAL, DAVID, and KAREN KAMPEN. "Poor and dependent seniors in Canada." Ageing and Society 18, no. 2 (March 1998): 147–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x98006850.
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The economic status and problems of seniors, people aged 55–64 years, have been neglected, particularly those of women. Following a summary of government policy in Canada regarding income transfers, this paper reports upon an analysis of data from the 1993 national Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics. Attention is given to relative poverty and financial dependence within households, as types of economic constraint. Both are higher among seniors than either the middle aged or the elderly. Senior women are the most likely to be dependent. The implications of these findings for future fiscal policy are discussed. It is concluded that more attention in gerontology needs to be given to this age group.
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Park, Kwang-Duck. "Comparative Study on Long-term Care Insurance for the Elderly in Korea and Japan - focused on local government -." Korea Association of Local Administration 19, no. 2 (August 31, 2022): 75–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.32427/klar.2022.19.2.75.
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Japan is the best case study of a low-fertility and aged society in Korea, and the fundamental purpose of this study is to find clues in Japan to overcome Korea's low-fertility and aged society. Therefore, the researcher evaluates and analyzes the various social policy that Japan has taken for the aging society, and intends to find our social welfare policy for the elderly from there. In the analysis, the researcher basically stood in the position of new institutionalism, identified the policy's historicity, path dependency, and value orientation. Gilbert and Terrel used more practical for using spectrum not dichotomy. Their policy analysis breaks away from the dichotomous approach of the existing universalist value and the selective approach, and places selectivism and universalism as two extremes so that they can analyze more realistic aspects, and set their position on one spectrum. Research also use this analysis tool because It is a very realistic policy analysis method to analyze whether between two counties, Korea and Japan are differenciated with each other or not. Researcher intends to reveal the characteristics of the welfare states of Korea and Japan. The analysis includes selection of values for policy making, and the policies used in the analysis include not only long-term care insurance (LTC) but also social services for the elderly for a low-fertility and aging society. Through the analysis so far, the researcher confirmed the fact that Korea and Japan, which belong to the same type of welfare state, especially Long-term care insurance and social services for the elderly between the two countries. They are clearly divided into more selective perspectives in Korea and more universalistic perspectives in Japan. Finally, I would like to conclude by suggesting and writing about the establishment of a regional integrated care system that Japan is promoting as a measure for a low-fertility and aging society.
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Kapócs, gábor, and péter Balázs. "thE hEalth poliCy in Child and adolEsCEnt psyChiatry in hungary – a rEviEW of rECEnt dEvElopmEnts." New Medicine 21, no. 1 (March 31, 2017): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0009.7843.
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mental health problems affect 10–20% of the pediatric population worldwide, with the same prevalence in both the high-income countries (hiCs) and low-and-middle-income countries (lmiCs). hungary has a relatively high prevalence of psychiatric disorders in children aged 4-17 (15.8%). psychiatric problems in children are an important public health issue in all countries, as the early diagnosis is important not only for the current well-being of the child, but also for their social and economic development throughout their entire lifetime. this paper reviews the relevant health policy acts of the hungarian government that have been released during the previous 15 years. all governmental programs followed the current Who (World health organization) and European union guidelines, indicating the growing influence of the international organizations on the domestic health policy. What is interesting, earlier programs concentrated on local governments and actions, and more recent documents underline the responsibility and role of the state and central government. When analyzing the health policy documents concerning child and adolescent mental health services, a gap between the growing scientific knowledge and its implementation can be seen. the situation of the hungarian psychiatry has been worsening from 2006 in terms of the capacity of both the in- and outpatient care. hungary has yet to fulfill the aims of already existing programs in the day-to-day clinical practice.
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Gibson, Diane. "Who uses residential aged care now, how has it changed and what does it mean for the future?" Australian Health Review 44, no. 6 (2020): 820. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah20040.
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ObjectiveThis paper presents past trends in resident characteristics and usage patterns in residential aged care and explores implications for the future. MethodsTime series analyses were undertaken of national aged care administrative datasets and the Australian Bureau of Statistics Surveys of Disability, Ageing and Carers. ResultsAlthough the number of people in residential care has continued to increase, resident profiles have changed as a result of higher growth rates in the number of men and of people aged 65–74 years and 90 years and over, and a decline in the number of women aged 75–89 years. Relative to population size, usage rates are declining across all age groups, the average length of stay is shortening, and dependency levels appear to be rising. ConclusionChanging trends in residential aged care use, when combined with key trends in the broader population of older Australians, offer useful insights in planning for the future. What is known about the topic?Trends in the changing characteristics of permanent aged care residents and patterns of use of Australian residential aged care have received sparse attention in scholarly journals. Government reports and databases contain useful statistics, but they do not provide a coherent analysis and interpretation of the implications of these trends or situate them in broader population patterns. What does this paper add?The analyses in this paper demonstrate patterns of change and continuity in the use of residential care over the past decade, and locate those changes in the context of broader trends in the ageing population. Together, this provides useful insights into current and likely future trends, as well as a basis for imagining an improved residential aged care system in the future. What are the implications for practitioners?These analyses illustrate how data on aged care services, demographic trends and disease patterns can be used to consider the challenges that have affected our residential aged care system in the past and how that may be addressed in the future.
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Gibson, Diane. "Corrigendum to: Who uses residential aged care now, how has it changed and what does it mean for the future?" Australian Health Review 44, no. 6 (2020): 983. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah20040_co.
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ObjectiveThis paper presents past trends in resident characteristics and usage patterns in residential aged care and explores implications for the future.MethodsTime series analyses were undertaken of national aged care administrative datasets and the Australian Bureau of Statistics Surveys of Disability, Ageing and Carers.ResultsAlthough the number of people in residential care has continued to increase, resident profiles have changed as a result of higher growth rates in the number of men and of people aged 65–74 years and 90 years and over, and a decline in the number of women aged 75–89 years. Relative to population size, usage rates are declining across all age groups, the average length of stay is shortening, and dependency levels appear to be rising.ConclusionChanging trends in residential aged care use, when combined with key trends in the broader population of older Australians, offer useful insights in planning for the future.What is known about the topic?Trends in the changing characteristics of permanent aged care residents and patterns of use of Australian residential aged care have received sparse attention in scholarly journals. Government reports and databases contain useful statistics, but they do not provide a coherent analysis and interpretation of the implications of these trends or situate them in broader population patterns.What does this paper add?The analyses in this paper demonstrate patterns of change and continuity in the use of residential care over the past decade, and locate those changes in the context of broader trends in the ageing population. Together, this provides useful insights into current and likely future trends, as well as a basis for imagining an improved residential aged care system in the future.What are the implications for practitioners?These analyses illustrate how data on aged care services, demographic trends and disease patterns can be used to consider the challenges that have affected our residential aged care system in the past and how that may be addressed in the future.
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McConkey, Roy, and Sarah Craig. "Change over 12 years in residential provision for adult persons with intellectual disabilities in Ireland." Tizard Learning Disability Review 23, no. 1 (January 2, 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tldr-01-2017-0001.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to document the impact of major policy changes and reductions in government funding on residential provision for people with intellectual disabilities (ID) in Ireland. Design/methodology/approach Ireland is unique in having a national database of people in receipt of services from specialist ID providers. Information on persons in residential settings from 2005 to 2016 was examined in terms of changes in the types of provision over time and broken down by age groups. Findings From 2011 onwards, cuts in government funding coincided with a continuing reduction in the overall provision of residential accommodation for adults with ID. There was a parallel increase in the number of people living with family carers, especially persons aged 55 years and over. The greatest reduction was in residential centres which was in line with recent policy but this was not matched by an increase in alternative options, with fewer people aged 20-34 living in residential accommodation of any kind. Compared to Great Britain, Ireland has proportionately more residential places with fewer people living independently. Social implications More Irish families have to continue caring for their adult relatives into their old age. Likewise, those resident in group homes and living independently are growing older which means there is an increased likelihood they will require additional support. Originality/value This national data set is a valuable tool for monitoring changes in service provision over time and for determining the impact of government policy and funding decisions.
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Mahadevan, Renuka, and Vanessa Sha Fan. "The Nexus Between Seniors' Tourism Expenditure and Well-Being in China." Tourism Analysis 25, no. 1 (March 3, 2020): 169–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/108354220x15758301241620.
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An examination of the two-way relationship between tourism expenditure and life satisfaction for seniors is undertaken in this article. This examination uses panel data on China's seniors and tracks the same seniors over 3 years. Results show that there is bidirectional causality between tourism expenditure and life satisfaction, casting doubt on previous studies that do not consider this two-way relationship. This empirical relationship highlights the importance of a two-pronged policy strategy— a government policy committed to social tourism programs for seniors who may not be able to afford travel and those who reside in rural areas. Another government strategy is to address aged concerns related to mobility and health to improve well-being and the provision of appropriate facilities for leisure travel. Senior tourism demand was found to be income inelastic and this result means that senior tourism can buffer Chinese economic growth in times of economic crisis and uncertainty, making the twin policy strategy a worthwhile consideration.
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Li, Ian W., and Jiawei Si. "Alcohol industry and governmental revenue from young Australians." Australian Health Review 40, no. 5 (2016): 519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah15146.
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Objective The aim of the present study was to estimate the revenues collected by government and industry from alcohol consumption by young Australians in 2010. Methods Statistical analyses were performed on data from the Australian National Drug Strategy Household Survey 2010 and alcohol data collected from an online retailer to calculate the proportion, frequency, quantity and revenues from alcohol consumption by young Australians. Results One-third of adolescents (12–17 years old) and 85% of young adults (18–25 years old) consume alcohol. More than half the adolescents’ alcohol consumption is from ready-to-drink spirits. Revenue generated from alcohol consumption by 12–25 year olds is estimated at $4.8 billion in 2010 (2014 Australian dollars): $2.8 billion to industry (sales) and $2.0 billion to government (taxes). Conclusions Alcohol consumption by young Australians is prevalent, and young Australian drinkers consume alcohol in substantial amounts. The industry and taxation revenue from young drinkers is also considerable. It would be in the public interest to divert some of this revenue towards health initiatives to reduce drinking by young people, especially given the high societal costs of alcohol consumption. What is known about the topic? Australian adolescents aged 12–17 years consume substantial amounts of alcohol, and substantial amounts of revenue are generated from alcohol sales to them. What does this paper add? This paper provides recent estimates of alcohol consumption and revenue generated by Australian adolescents, and extends estimates to young adults aged 18–25 years. What are the implications for practitioners? A substantial proportion of Australian young people consume alcohol. The sales and taxation revenue generated from young people’s drinking is substantial at A$4.8 billion in 2010 and is higher in real terms than estimates from previous studies. Some of the alcohol taxation revenue could be diverted to health promotion and education for young people, because the costs of alcohol consumption in terms of health outcomes and productivity losses for these age groups are expected to be especially high.
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Gonzalez, Courtney M., Diana F. Karczmarczyk, Brittney L. Douress, and Mackenzie M. Scott. "Sex Education Policy: Need for a Standard Definition of Medically Accurate Information." Pedagogy in Health Promotion 3, no. 4 (November 21, 2016): 221–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2373379916678234.
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In comparison with other Western industrialized nations, the rates of pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among youth aged 15 to 19 in the United States is higher. Since the 1980s, the U.S. Federal Government has intervened to aid in lowering the rates of pregnancy and STIs among youth aged 15 to 19 by funding a variety of abstinence-only sex education programs. Despite almost $1.5 billion federal dollars spent on efforts to reduce pregnancy and STIs among this subpopulation, there have been overall unsustainable declines in pregnancy and STIs among youth aged 15 to 19. Significant concerns have been raised by health policy advocates, such as former Rep. Waxman (D-Calif.), and sexual health advocates about the lack of a definition for medically accurate curricula. Mixed interpretations of policies for sex education content have resulted in abstinence-only sex education programs targeting youth to reflect conservative ideology with information that is not medically accurate. To better understand the topic, a review of the historical time line and legislative actions of U.S. federal and state policies is presented. As an example, Mississippi’s state policy for sex education programs is analyzed and reviewed. Furthermore, the authors put forward the need for a standard definition of medically accurate information, offer a proposed definition, and discuss the limitations of a standard definition for sex education programs. Public health professionals and public health education specialists play a key role in ensuring that sex education programs be taught using medically accurate information to reduce the rate of STIs and prevent teen pregnancy consistently among youth aged 15 to 19.
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Lipmann, Bryan. "Providing Housing and Care to Elderly Homeless Men and Women in Australia." Care Management Journals 4, no. 1 (March 2003): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/cmaj.4.1.23.57472.
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People who are unemployed and who lack the resources to buy adequate food, shelter, or basic health care services face an endless struggle to survive. It is frequently a degrading and humiliating experience. The elderly homeless, who are often frail and sick, are particularly disadvantaged in this struggle. Yet resources are often available to welfare providers to care for the aged homeless. All that is needed is a willingness for providers and government agencies to acknowledge the existence of homelessness among the elderly and be prepared to alleviate the problem.
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Ganguly, Enakshi, Rahul Gupta, Alik Widge, R. Purushotham Reddy, K. Balasubramanian, and P. S. Reddy. "Increasing Full Child Immunization Rates by Government Using an Innovative Computerized Immunization Due List in Rural India." INQUIRY: The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing 55 (January 1, 2018): 004695801775129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0046958017751292.
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Increasing child vaccination coverage to 85% or more in rural India from the current level of 50% holds great promise for reducing infant and child mortality and improving health of children. We have tested a novel strategy called Rural Effective Affordable Comprehensive Health Care (REACH) in a rural population of more than 300 000 in Rajasthan and succeeded in achieving full immunization coverage of 88.7% among children aged 12 to 23 months in a short span of less than 2 years. The REACH strategy was first developed and successfully implemented in a demonstration project by SHARE INDIA in Medchal region of Andhra Pradesh, and was then replicated in Rajgarh block of Rajasthan in cooperation with Bhoruka Charitable Trust (private partners of Integrated Child Development Services and National Rural Health Mission health workers in Rajgarh). The success of the REACH strategy in both Andhra Pradesh and Rajasthan suggests that it could be successfully adopted as a model to enhance vaccination coverage dramatically in other areas of rural India.
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Barak, Yoram, Shona Neehoff, and Paul Glue. "Ageing badly: indicators of old-age structure in Australia and New Zealand." Journal of Primary Health Care 12, no. 3 (2020): 272. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hc19095.
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ABSTRACT INTRODUCTIONUntil 2050, Australia and New Zealand will experience continuing increase in the population aged >65 years. Studying differences in indicators of old-age structure between these countries can inform policymakers. AIMTo calculate and analyse indicators of old-age structure for Australia and New Zealand. METHODSFive indicators of old-age structure were calculated: centenarian ratio (number of centenarians per 100,000 people), longevity index (proportion of people aged ≥90 and ≥65 years in the population), longevity level (proportion of 80+/60+ years population), ageing tendency (proportion of people aged ≥60 years in the population) and centenarity index (ratio between the centenarians and the total population ≥90 years). RESULTSAll indicators of old-age structure demonstrated an advantageous ageing structure in Australia compared with New Zealand. In addition, the New Zealand Māori and Australian Aboriginal indicators of old-age structure demonstrated a significant disadvantage to these ethnic groups compared with the general population. DISCUSSIONPublic health policy needs to target ageing in New Zealand as a major goal in advancing the ‘Ageing Well’ policy advocated by the government.
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Thi Huong, Dao, Nguyen ThiLan Anh, Do Thuy Ninh, and Nguyen ThiPhuong Thao. "The Factors Affecting the Entrepreneurial Intention of Women in Thai Nguyen Provice." International Journal of Economics, Business and Management Research 06, no. 09 (2022): 01–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.51505/ijebmr.2022.6901.
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This paper studies the factors affecting the entrepreneurial intention of women with survey data of women aged 18-40 years old in Thai Nguyen province. From survey data of 205 women in the area, the authors evaluated factors through techniques including: Cronbach's Alpha coefficient analysis, exploratory factor analysis EFA, regression analysis and hypothesis testing. Research results show that there are six factors affecting women's entrepreneurial intention, including: Attitudes towards money; Government support policy; Achievement needs; Perceived behavioral control; Entrepreneurship education; Attitudes towards entrepreneurship. The research results suggest some implications for women intending to start a business, local policy managers.
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Van Minh, Hoang, Dr Quynh Long Khuong, Tuan Anh Tran, Hong Phuong Do, Fiona Watson, and Tim Lobstein. "Childhood Overweight and Obesity in Vietnam: A Landscape Analysis of the Extent and Risk Factors." INQUIRY: The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing 60 (January 2023): 004695802311546. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00469580231154651.
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Tackling childhood overweight and obesity is critical not only to improve the health and well-being of children and adolescents, but also for entire populations and future generations. This paper provides the latest evidence on the extent of, and risk factors for, childhood overweight and obesity in Vietnam. The landscape analysis tool developed by the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) and World Health Organization (WHO) was used. A search for peer-reviewed articles in English on online databases was undertaken. Peer-reviewed Vietnamese articles were also retrieved from a range of sources. The prevalence of overweight among children aged under 5 years increased from 5.6% in 2010 to 7.4% in 2019. For overweight and obesity among children aged 5 to 19 years, prevalence rose from 8.5% and 2.5% in 2010 to 19% and 8.1% in 2020, respectively. Maternal malnutrition, gestational diabetes during pregnancy, and inadequate infant and young child feeding practices are all risk factors for early childhood overweight. Unhealthy diets, insufficient physical activity, and lack of sleep are among the risk factors for overweight and obesity among school aged children and adolescents. The prevention of overweight and obesity among Vietnamese children requires a whole-of-government, cross-sectoral approach to addresses the obesogenic environment that is negatively influencing the nutrition of children.
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Dy, Sideth S., and Akira Ninomiya. "Basic Education in Cambodia: The Impact of UNESCO onPolicies in the 1990s." education policy analysis archives 11 (December 18, 2003): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.14507/epaa.v11n48.2003.
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Efforts to enhance opportunities for Basic Education have been growing within many developing nations after the1990 World Conference on Education For All (WCEFA) in Jomtien, Thailand. In the face of political turmoil, financial constraint and social insecurity, Cambodia with the encouragement and assistance of the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), took measures to increase educational opportunities for all her citizens through Basic Education strategic plans and pledged to eradicate illiteracy by the year 2000. This article examines the joint efforts during the 1990s of this organization as a key assistance and support UN agency for educational policy and strategy formulations, and the Cambodian government as a national agency for educational initiatives and implementation. UNESCO’s inputs for policy implementation are also detailed to evaluate the overall impact of the organization during the last decade. Analyses are based primarily on interviews with some key government policymakers, fieldwork observation and interviews with school-aged children, several speeches of top government officials, and existing related official education statistics and indicators in Cambodia.
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Vicary, David, Judy Tennant, Jade Santa Maria, and Sarah Wadley. "Children as decision makers." Children Australia 30, no. 4 (2005): 4–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200010853.
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Involving children and young people in planning, decision making and the evaluation of services and programs inevitably raises the eyebrows of adults working in the areas of service delivery, program development and policy formulation. Some adults may question young people’s ability to see the ‘big picture’ and to make decisions, and even their right to be engaged in the first place. In challenging these ideas, the Western Australian Office for Children and Youth established a Children’s Advisory Group (CAG) in 2004 – the first of its kind to be created within the Western Australia Government, and one of the first such groups to be set up in Australia.The current Children’s Advisory Group (CAG) is a diverse group often primary school children aged 9-12 years from the Perth metropolitan area. They are actively involved in all aspects of the Office’s operation. The CAG has been evaluated throughout its inaugural year of operation, both in terms of process and impact, and has been found to have a significant impact upon government policy and practice. This paper will outline the process for the establishment and implementation of a CAG and the evaluation of a CAG on government policy. It will highlight evaluation findings and discuss future directions.
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Chen, Linhong, and Xiaocang Xu. "Poverty Reduction Effects of Medical Insurance on Middle-Aged and Elderly Families under the Goal of Common Prosperity in China." Healthcare 11, no. 4 (February 7, 2023): 477. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11040477.
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Eliminating poverty due to illness is an important way for China to pursue common prosperity. The high medical expenditure caused by the aging population has brought severe challenges to governments and families of all countries, especially in China, where the entire population has just been lifted out of poverty in 2020 and then hit by COVID-19. How to prevent the possible return of poor boundary families to poverty in China has become a difficult research topic. Based on the latest data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey, this paper discusses the poverty reduction effect of medical insurance on middle-aged and elderly families from the absolute index and relative index. Medical insurance had a poverty reduction effect on middle-aged and elderly families, especially the poor boundary families. For example, people who participated in medical insurance reduced their financial burden by 2.36% for middle-aged and older families compared to people who did not participate in medical insurance. Furthermore, the poverty reduction effect had heterogeneity in gender and age. This research brings some policy implications. For example, the government should give more protection to vulnerable groups such as the elderly and low-income families and improve the fairness and effectiveness of the medical insurance system.
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Antioch, Kathryn M., Michael K. Walsh, David Anderson, and Richard Brice. "Forecasting hospital expenditure in Victoria: Lessons from Europe and Canada." Australian Health Review 22, no. 1 (1999): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah990133.
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This paper specifies an econometric model to forecast State government expenditure on recognised public hospitals in Victoria. The OECD's recent cross-country econometric work exploring factors affecting health spending was instructive. The model found that Victorian Gross State Product, population aged under 4 years, the mix of public and private patients in public hospitals, introduction of case mix funding and funding cuts, the proportion of public beds to total beds in Victoria and technology significantly impacted on expenditure. The model may have application internationally for forecasting health costs, particularly in short and medium-term budgetary cycles.
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Choi, JinTae, HyoJin Kim, and MyongJun Kim. "The Direction of the Income Guarantee Policy for the Elderly in Aging Society." National Association of Korean Local Government Studies 23, no. 4 (February 28, 2022): 97–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.38134/klgr.2022.23.4.097.
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The low birth rate and the extended lifespan of the present time are leading to the prolonged period of old age after retirement caused by the aging population. Also, a change in the family system according to industrialization is bringing about a gradual rise in the elderly couple and the elderly living alone. In the reality of having to live as an old person for more than 30 years after retirement, only the public funds are not enough to spend an economically stable and happy retirement life as well as for the elderly health care problem or the elderly support problem in terms of the welfare for the aged. Thus, the government is being demanded to positively realize “a senior employment program” as the Income Guarantee Policy for the Elderly.
Consequently, the government needs to first make a policy decision at the national level and to enact and reorganize systems and laws in accordance with it under the recognition that the use of the elderly manpower can be expected to have a positive effect in two aspects such as the welfare of the elderly and the utilization of the human power. As for a job suitable for the elderly, the multilateral measures and institutional devices must be arranged for creating the diversified jobs for the elderly. The establishment in the vocational training institution for the elderly needs to be available for the elderly to get a job appropriate for their aptitude through education and training so that the aged can acquire the latest information and expertise in an ever-changing society. With a sense of active participation in the promotion and expansion of employment for the elderly, a company has to extend the retirement age and expand the wage peak system depending on the special circumstances of the enterprise.
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Johnston, Carolyn. "Ethical Design and Use of Robotic Care of the Elderly." Journal of Bioethical Inquiry 19, no. 1 (March 2022): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11673-022-10181-z.
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AbstractThe Australian Royal Commission into Aged Care Quality and Safety acknowledged understaffing and substandard care in residential aged care and home care services, and recommendations were made that that the Australian Government should promote assistive technology within aged care. Robotic care assistants can provide care and companionship for the elderly—both in their own homes and within health and aged care institutions. Although more research is required into their use, studies indicate benefits, including enabling the elderly to live independently at home, assistance with medication and monitoring of safety. Nevertheless, there are inherent ethical challenges in the use of robots as carers, including loss of privacy, unwarranted restrictions on autonomy, lack of dignity, deception, and the exacerbation of loneliness. Ethics by design can counter these issues in development of robotics and clinical ethics committees have been put forward as a way of dealing with the ethical use of robotic care in healthcare institutions. In this paper I outline the ethical challenges of robotic care assistants and how these may be mediated in their design and use.
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Shin, Gyeongseon, Daewon Kang, Hee Jin Cheong, and Sang-Eun Choi. "Cost-Effectiveness of Extending the National Influenza Vaccination Program in South Korea: Does Vaccination of Older Adults Provide Health Benefits to the Entire Population?" Vaccines 10, no. 6 (June 10, 2022): 932. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10060932.
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The South Korean government has successfully improved influenza vaccination coverage for individuals aged 65 years or older as part of its National Immunization Program (NIP). Those aged 50–64 years without funded vaccination care have significantly lower vaccination rates and face a substantial risk of influenza-related complications. We use a dynamic epidemiological and economic model to investigate the cost-effectiveness of expanding the universal vaccine fund to include those aged 50–64. The epidemiological model is estimated using the susceptibility-infection-recovery model and influenza and influenza-like illness incidence rates, which were calculated by the National Health Insurance Service–National Sample Cohort from the 2008/09 to 2012/13 influenza seasons but excluding the 2009/10 season for pandemic influenza A (H1N1). The decision tree economic model is assessed from societal and healthcare sector perspectives. The proposed policy would eliminate 340,000 annual influenza cases and prevent 119 unnecessary deaths. From a societal perspective, the proposed policy would reduce costs by USD 68 million. From a healthcare perspective, the cost is USD 4318 per quality-adjusted life years. Within the study range, sensitivity analyses found consistent cost-effectiveness results. The influenza vaccine for adults aged 50–64 appears to be cost-saving or cost-effective and, thus, should be considered for the NIP.
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Helsinger, Abigail, Oksana Dikhtyar, Phyllis Cummins, and Nytasia Hicks. "Domestic and International Perspectives on Financing Adult Education and Training." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2021): 387. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.1509.
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Abstract Adult education and training (AET) over the life-course is necessary to participate in economic, social, and political activities in the time of globalization and technological advancement. However, little research has been done to identify mechanisms to fund AET opportunities among middle-aged and older adults from a comparative international perspective. Our study aimed to identify strategies to finance AET opportunities for middle-aged and older adults through an international lens, to help identify barriers and facilitators in effort to best support adult learners regardless of education background or socioeconomic characteristics. We carried out a descriptive qualitative study to facilitate an in-depth understanding of funding mechanisms available to adult learners in the selected countries, from the perspective of adult education and policy experts. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews with 61 international adult education experts from government agencies, non-governmental organizations, and education institutions. Our informants represented 10 countries including Australia, Canada, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Singapore, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Data included at least one in-depth phone or web-based qualitative interview per informant in addition to information gathered from written materials (e.g., peer-reviewed publications and organizational reports). We identified three financing options that arose as themes: government-sponsored funding; employer-sponsored funding; and self-funding. We found that government-sponsored funding is especially important for low-skilled, low-income older adults for whom employer-sponsored or self-funding is not available. Our results have implications for lifelong AET policy changes, such as adaptations of successful AET funding programs across global communities.
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Taylor, Natalie Greene. "Youth information-seeking behavior and online government information." Journal of Documentation 74, no. 3 (May 14, 2018): 509–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jd-06-2017-0093.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to focus on middle-school-aged young people’s information-seeking behavior and the knowledge and perceptions they have of and about federal government websites. Design/methodology/approach The case study included 37 youth across four middle schools in the mid-Atlantic USA who all participated in a research-focused after-school program. During these sessions, they participated in several data collection activities, including an interview, a survey, a word association activity, an evaluation of the homepage of a government website, and card-sorting. Using conventional, directed, and summative content analysis techniques, the narratives from each data collection activity were coded using in vivo and theory-based terms. Findings The study finds that the majority of participants viewed government websites favorably, but were frequently unsure of what government websites are or who is responsible for their creation. Perhaps more significantly, participants’ views of information-related policies frequently were raised during discussions about government websites. The perceptions reflected the youth information-seeking behaviors and information literacy gaps. Originality/value Overall, these findings shed light on the opinions of an understudied population in e-government research and inform both policy makers and educators on how to best disseminate government information to youth.
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Teshuva, Karen, Heather Russell, and Laura Varanelli. "The Victorian Aged Care Assessment Service quality improvement framework." Australian Journal of Primary Health 14, no. 2 (2008): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py08026.
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The purpose of this paper is to describe the development and evaluation of the Victorian Aged Care Assessment Service (ACAS) quality improvement framework. The framework was developed in 2001 by a reference group consisting of ACAS managers and government officers, to enable ACAS to engage in a quality improvement process specific to its core areas of business. The framework comprises seven core business domains which are used by the ACAS for annual quality improvement planning and reporting. Using the qualitative methodology of thematic analysis, the ACAS Evaluation Unit has examined annual quality improvement reports submitted by the 18 Victorian ACAS teams from 2002-03 to 2006-07. The findings were used to revise the framework and the ACAS quality improvement reporting template. The number and range of ACAS-related quality improvement activities carried out in Victoria since the implementation of the framework demonstrates its effectiveness as a mechanism for capturing and centrally recording quality improvement activities in areas of core ACAS business. The paper concludes that the Victorian QI framework could be drawn on to develop a quality improvement framework for the Aged Care Assessment Program nationwide.
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Coombs, Carolyn. "The Sociological Implications of Voluntary Redundancy: The South Australian Experience." Australian Journal of Primary Health 4, no. 1 (1998): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py98003.
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The experience of voluntary redundancy on the current scale is fairly new in Australia and its impact on workers and society is only just beginning to be observed and interpreted. Under the economic rationalist policies of successive federal governments which promoted a free market economy driven by privatisation, deregulation and de-institutionalisation, Australia has undergone considerable structural change in the 1990s. This change has been marked by government-supported labour restructuring, within both the private and public sectors of industry. The purpose of the study was to explore the concept of voluntary redundancy, whether mature-aged workers were being targeted, and the sociological implications of voluntary redundancy for workers in South Australia.
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Zhang, Bai. "Research on the Development of Home Care Industry Based on Porter's Diamond Theory – Take Tianjin as an example." SHS Web of Conferences 154 (2023): 03009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202315403009.
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With the continuous reduction of household size, the increase of empty nest families of the elderly, and the weakening of family development ability and anti-risk ability, it is predicted that by 2025, the proportion of people aged 60 and above and those aged 65 and above in the permanent population of Tianjin will reach 24.66% and 17.35% respectively. The acceleration of the aging population in Tianjin has put forward higher requirements for the development of the elderly care industry. Meanwhile, The State Council issued Several Opinions on Comprehensively Opening the Elderly Care Service Market and Improving the Quality of Elderly Care Service on December 26, 2016. Based on this background, this paper uses Porter's diamond theory to introduce the development of home-based care industry in Tianjin from five aspects: resource elements, demand conditions, auxiliary industries, government functions and main opportunities, and finds that there are problems such as insufficient basic investment and lack of professional nursing talents in the development of the elderly care industry in Tianjin. Combined with the current information development level and policy background, this paper puts forward some policy suggestions, such as focusing on the training of professional nursing staff, correctly weighing the relationship between the government and the market, optimizing the environment for private investment in home care industry.
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YAĞANOĞLU, Nazmi Yükselen, and Nilgün SERİM. "FACTORS AFFECTING E-SECURITY PERCEPTION IN TAXPAYERS' USE OF E-GOVERNMENT SYSTEM IN THE CITY OF ÇANAKKALE." Business & Management Studies: An International Journal 8, no. 2 (June 25, 2020): 1990–2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15295/bmij.v8i2.1499.
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This paper analyzes the factors that affect the perception of e-security in the use of e-government system in Çanakkale using Ordered Probit model. Among these factors, gender and age of the person do not have a significant effect on the level of trust to public institutions’ websites. Those who have never been married have higher trust in the websites of public institutions. Compared to university graduates, primary and secondary school graduates and high school graduates have less trust in government agencies’ websites, while graduate degree holders have higher trust. Trust is greater in those who think that the state will be more transparent with the development of e-government. According to the income level, it is understood that the people who earn 5001 TL and above are the most positive looking group in general. We also offer some policy advice to improve the confidence in and use of government websites: organizing awareness campaigns, focusing on ensuring the widespread use of the system for citizens aged 18-40, and requiring some public services to be carried out only through e-government.
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Tirasuwanvasee, Sirikarn, and Lalida Joomsoda. "The Sustainable Retirement Planning and Management: A Case Study of Chetsamian Community, Photaram District, Rachaburi Province." Rajabhat Chiang Mai Research Journal 24, no. 1 (January 24, 2023): 37–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.57260/rcmrj.2023.260468.
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Sufficient and sustainable well-being of Thai citizens has been the main government’s objective for national development whether it is about the good health of the people or the country's economy. The main goal of the government is to assure that everyone can live happily, without torment, no matter which state in life they are - working or retired, everyone has to be able to live comfortably. Despite the government's policy to support the elderly, in reality of the welfare of the state for the elderly seems to be inadequate. At present, it can be seen that the elderly population is increasing, but they are still unable to sustain themselves. There is also a problem that most of the working-aged people still lack in knowledge for effective preparation for retirement. The objectives of this study were: 1) to study the attitude and behavior of aging people by analyzing the data from working age people; 2) to develop the planning and management approach in order to sustain the living in retirement age; and 3) to study the problems before and after retirement by analyzing the data from working age people from 25 to 59 years old. Quantitative method was used in this study. The results showed that working-aged people should plan for the retirement in order to live financial sustainably. The government can encourage people from every sectors to learn about financial planning for retirement together in order to promote health and well-being of the retirement.
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Seamer, Paul, Simon Brake, Patrick Moore, Mohammed A. Mohammed, and Steven Wyatt. "Did government spending cuts to social care for older people lead to an increase in emergency hospital admissions? An ecological study, England 2005–2016." BMJ Open 9, no. 4 (April 2019): e024577. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024577.
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ObjectivesGovernment spending on social care in England reduced substantially in real terms following the economic crisis in 2008, meanwhile emergency admissions to hospitals have increased. We aimed to assess the extent to which reductions in social care spend on older people have led to increases in emergency hospital admissions.DesignWe used negative binomial regression for panel data to assess the relationship between emergency hospital admissions and government spend on social care for older people. We adjusted for population size and for levels of deprivation and health.SettingHospitals and adult social care services in England between April 2005 and March 2016.ParticipantsPeople aged 65 years and over resident in 132 local councils.Outcome measuresPrimary outcome variable—emergency hospital admissions of adults aged 65 years and over. Secondary outcome measure—emergency hospital admissions for ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSCs) of adults aged 65 years and over.ResultsWe found no significant relationship between the changes in the rate of government spend (£’000 s) on social care for older people within councils and our primary outcome variable, emergency hospital admissions (Incidence rate ratio (IRR) 1.009, 95% CI 0.965 to 1.056) or our secondary outcome measure, admissions for ACSCs (IRR 0.975, 95% CI 0.917 to 1.038).ConclusionsWe found no evidence to support the view that reductions in government spend on social care since 2008 have led to increases in emergency hospital admissions in older people. Policy makers may wish to review schemes, such as the Better Care Fund, which are predicated on a relationship between social care provision and emergency hospital admissions of older people.