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Veznik, Z., D. Svecova, A. Zajicova, Z. Reckova, and J. Rubes. "The interrelationship between quality parameters of sperm before and after separation by gradient centrifugation." Veterinární Medicína 52, No. 10 (January 7, 2008): 423–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/2051-vetmed.
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Significance of a short-time survival test for the prediction of quality parameters of sperm obtained by gradient centrifugation was evaluated from an aspect of their functional resistance. Frozen semen samples from 27 bulls before and after separation were assessed by a 120-min survival test. The evaluation of morphological examination of ejaculates was carried out using the SASMO computer program. Statistically significant interrelationship between sperm quality parameters in the initial insemination doses, the amounts of obtained sperm after separation and their functional and vital resistance in the survival test was documented.
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Gómez, Jorge E., P. Burke Wilson, and Timothy Johnson. "CHANGE IN KNEE SEPARATION DISTANCE IN ADOLESCENT ATHLETES AFTER A 6-WEEK NEUROMUSCULAR TRAINING PROGRAM." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 9, no. 7_suppl3 (July 1, 2021): 2325967121S0003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967121s00035.
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Background: Existing neuromuscular injury prevention programs have relied principally on lower extremity strengthening, agility, cutting and landing technique to improve jump landing mechanics in order to prevent non-contact knee ligament injuries. Purpose: To determine whether a 6-week neuromuscular training program emphasizing core (back & hip) strengthening and dynamic balance exercises can significantly improve normalized knee separation distance (nKSD) during a standard counter-movement jump landing maneuver. Methods: Fourteen adolescent athletes (11 boys, 3 girls, ages 12-15) volunteered to undergo a 2 day/week, 6-week off-season training program. On the first day of training, the athletes underwent assessments that included 2 trials of a counter-movement jump from a 40cm platform. The tests were recorded using a video camera in the frontal plane. Using Dartfish motion analysis software, knee separation distance (KSD) was measured as the distance (cm) between the femoral condyles at the lowest point of the jump landing, and intertrochanteric distance (ITD) as the distance (cm) between the femoral trochanters. Normalized knee separation distance was computed as nKSD = KSD/ITD. The training program focused on three progressions; increasing difficulty of core strengthening exercises, balance exercises, and agility drills. One-hour training sessions were subdivided as follows; 5 min dynamic warm-up, 10 min stretching, 10 min body weight core exercises, 15 min balancing exercises, 10 min dumbbell core exercises, 15 minute agility drills, 5 min of rest/hydration breaks. The athletes repeated the counter-movement jump test at the end of the 6 weeks. Results: There was a significant improvement (t = 2.740, p = 0.017) in nKSD between post-test (0.789 + 0.372) and pre-test (0.683 + 0.323) Conclusion: A 6-week neuromuscular training program focused on core strengthening and balance significantly improved jump landing mechanics which may reduce the risk of knee ligament injury.
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Wang, Yu Fei, Li Lin Han, and Feng Wang. "Review of Ejection Seat Electronic Program Controller." Applied Mechanics and Materials 551 (May 2014): 530–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.551.530.
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Ejector seat program controller is the key device unfolded by the separation of the control people-seat and lifesaving parachute after the seat ejection from the machine, which is the main component of seat separation system. Compared with the mechanical program controller, electronic program controller has many advantages: small volume, light weight, time delay of high precision, good flexibility, strong power, easy to expand, the tremendous development potential and splendid testability. This paper respectively introduces the English MK series seats, American ACES series seat and Russian K-36Дseries seat electronic program controller, focusing on the TWZI type electronic program controller developed by China Aviation Life-saving Institute
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Henderson, A. R., J. A. Stark, M. J. McQueen, R. L. Patten, S. Krishnan, D. E. Wood, and S. Webb. "Is determination of creatine kinase-2 after electrophoretic separation accurate?" Clinical Chemistry 40, no. 2 (February 1, 1994): 177–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/40.2.177.
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Abstract Since 1991, the Ontario Laboratory Proficiency Testing Program has assessed the analytical performance of creatine kinase (CK; EC 2.7.3.2) isoenzyme-2, using fresh human serum supplemented with purified human CK isoenzymes. In Ontario, the 142 laboratories licensed to analyze CK-2 use a variety of methods: electrophoresis-based, immunoinhibition, and mass assays. During a 1992 survey, duplicate CK-2 samples with different total CK activities showed poorer precision when analyzed after electrophoretic separation than by any other method. A 1993 survey designed to validate these observations conclusively showed that electrophoresis-based assays are subject to a bias proportional to the total CK activity. These survey results were confirmed by studies with selected patients' specimens. We therefore conclude that electrophoresis-based assays may not warrant their reputation as the gold standard for CK isoenzyme measurement.
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Hoyt, Tim, and Brianna E. Staley Shumaker. "Disability Status Attenuates Treatment Effects in an Intensive Outpatient Program for PTSD." Military Medicine 186, Supplement_1 (January 1, 2021): 190–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usaa394.
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ABSTRACT Introduction The utilization of intensive outpatient programs for the treatment of military-related post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has increased through initiatives both inside and outside the military health care system. However, research in veteran populations suggest that patients concurrently undergoing disability evaluation may not respond well to such interventions. This study evaluates the relationship between disability separation and endorsement of PTSD symptoms during treatment at an intensive outpatient program. Methods Patients in this retrospective study were 81 service members enrolled in a half-day, 6-week intensive outpatient program for PTSD. Sixty-seven percent (n = 54) were concurrently enrolled in the integrated disability evaluation system and were pending medical separation. Fifty-two percent (n = 42) also received a 4-week skills training intervention before beginning PTSD treatment. Patients completed the PTSD Checklist before, during, and after the treatment program as an index of PTSD symptoms. Results A significant interaction effect was observed in which PTSD symptoms throughout program enrollment differed as a function of enrollment in the integrated disability evaluation system. Patients undergoing disability evaluations did not show significant changes in endorsed PTSD symptoms during program enrollment, whereas significant decreases in PTSD symptoms were observed in patients not undergoing disability evaluations. These effects controlled for lost treatment days as a result of training or other appointments. Conclusions These results provide preliminary data indicating that participation in disability separation may attenuate the effect of PTSD treatment and endorsement of PTSD symptoms in an intensive outpatient setting.
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Malcore, Sylvia A., James Windell, Mary Seyuin, and Elizabeth Hill. "Predictors of Continued Conflict After Divorce or Separation: Evidence From a High-Conflict Group Treatment Program." Journal of Divorce & Remarriage 51, no. 1 (December 31, 2009): 50–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10502550903423297.
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Kline, Wesley L., Christian A. Wyenandt, Daniel L. Ward, June F. Sudal, and Nancy L. Maxwell. "Evaluation of Six Nitrogen Fertility Programs on Marketable Yield and Development of Skin Separation in Bell Pepper Fruit." HortTechnology 21, no. 3 (June 2011): 323–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.21.3.323.
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In this study, the effects of six nitrogen fertility programs and two bell pepper (Capsicum annuum) cultivars were evaluated for marketable yield and incidence of skin separation in fruit. In 2006 and 2007, bell pepper cultivar Aristotle, which is tolerant to the crown rot phase of phytophthora blight (Phytophthora capsici), and a susceptible cultivar, Camelot, were established in a split-plot design with cultivar as the whole-plot factor and fertilizer regime as the subplot factor. Each year, fertility treatments included 1) 180 lb/acre of soluble nitrogen (N) plus phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) as 20N–8.7P–16.6K, 2) 300 lb/acre of soluble N (4N–0P–6.6K), 3) 180 lb/acre of soluble N (30N–0P–0K), 4) 135 lb/acre of soluble N (30N–0P–0K), 5) 180 lb/acre of granular N (43N–0P–0K), and 6) 135 lb/acre of granular N (43N–0P–0K). Soluble fertilizer treatments 1–4 were applied weekly through drip irrigation during the production season. Granular fertility treatments 5 and 6 were applied after bed making but before laying black plastic mulch each year. Additionally, all plots received 180 lb/acre each of P and K (0N–2.6P–4.9K) plus 2 lb/acre of boron distributed season-long in weekly fertilizer applications. In 2006 and 2007, cultivar had no effect on marketable yield or percent marketable fruit. In 2007, the percentage of harvested fruit with skin separation was significantly higher in fertility programs 1 and 2 compared with program 5. In 2006 and 2007, there were no significant interactions between cultivar and fertility program for marketable yield per plot, fruit with skin separation, percent marketable fruit, or marketable yield per acre. In both years, harvest date has a significant effect on marketable yield per plot, fruit with skin separation, percent marketable fruit, and marketable yield per acre. The percentage of harvested fruit with skin separation was higher in phytophthora-tolerant ‘Aristotle’ compared with phytophthora-susceptible ‘Camelot’ in 2006 and 2007. Results of this study suggest that the development of skin separation in bell pepper fruit is more influenced by genotype than N fertility program.
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Noyes, Frank R., Sue D. Barber-Westin, Cassie Fleckenstein, Cathy Walsh, and John West. "The Drop-Jump Screening Test." American Journal of Sports Medicine 33, no. 2 (February 2005): 197–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546504266484.
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Background A valgus lower limb alignment has been noted during noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injuries. A video dropjump test can indicate an athlete's ability to control lower limb axial alignment in the coronal plane. Hypotheses Female athletes have decreased knee separation distances on landing and acceleration; male athletes have a neutrally aligned lower limb position. A neuromuscular training program will significantly increase knee separation distance in female athletes. Study Design Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods The authors tested 325 female and 130 male athletes aged 11 to 19 years. The distance between the hips, knees, and ankles was measured during a drop-jump test. The separation distance between the knees and ankles was normalized by the hip separation distance. A neuromuscular training program (Sportsmetrics) was completed by 62 female athletes, and their jump-landing characteristics were reexamined. Results A marked decrease in knee separation distance was found on takeoff in 80% of female athletes and in 72% of male athletes. There was no difference between male and female athletes in the normalized knee and ankle separation distance during the landing and takeoff phases. The knee separation distance on landing was 23 ± 9 cm in the female athletes and 22 ± 8 cm in the male athletes. The normalized knee separation distance was 51% ± 19% in the female athletes and 51% ± 15% in the male athletes. After training, statistically significant increases were found in the female athletes in the knee separation distance on landing (29 ± 8 cm, P<. 0001) and in the normalized knee separation distance (68% ± 18%, P<. 0001). The trained female athletes had significantly greater knee separation distance and normalized knee separation distance than did the males (P<. 0001). Conclusions The majority of untrained female and male athletes demonstrated a valgus alignment appearance on the video test. After neuromuscular training, female athletes had improved knee separation distances and a more neutral lower limb alignment on landing and takeoff.
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Manna, Claudio, Federica Barbagallo, Raffaella Manzo, Ashraf Rahman, Davide Francomano, and Aldo E. Calogero. "Sperm Parameters before and after Swim-Up of a Second Ejaculate after a Short Period of Abstinence." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 4 (April 5, 2020): 1029. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9041029.
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Background: Recent studies have supported the beneficial effects of a short abstinence period on sperm parameters. The aim of this study was to assess sperm motility, morphology and DNA fragmentation before and after swim-up of a second ejaculate obtained after a short abstinence period in normozoospermic men and oligo-astheno-teratozoospermic (OAT) patients. Material and methods: Semen analyses and swim-up preparations of two consecutive semen samples (collected within 1 h) were carried out in 30 normozoospermic and 35 OAT patients enrolled in an assisted reproductive technique (ART) program. Results: Compared to the first ejaculate, the second sample showed a higher percentage of spermatozoa with normal form (p < 0.01) and lower percentage of spermatozoa with DNA fragmentation (p < 0.01) in normozoospermic men, whereas a higher percentage of spermatozoa with progressive motility (p < 0.001) and normal morphology (p < 0.0001) was found in OAT patients. Swim-up separation showed a lower DNA fragmentation rate (p < 0.05) in the second ejaculate in normozoospermic men, whereas the second ejaculate of OAT patents showed an increase in normally-shaped spermatozoa (p < 0.01) and lower percentage of spermatozoa with fragmented DNA (p < 0.001) compared to the first one. Conclusions: Swim-up separation of a second ejaculate collected within 1 h might be suggested for ART procedures, especially in OAT patients.
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Kernen, M., L. L. Lee, and H. Perez-Blanco. "A Computer-Aided Molecular Design of Fluids That Optimize Absorption Cycle COP." Journal of Energy Resources Technology 117, no. 2 (June 1, 1995): 156–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2835332.
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A method to generate new absorbents for water in a novel refrigeration cycle was developed. The cycle, known as the phase separation absorption cycle, relies on phase separation, rather than boiling, to generate the refrigerant. After separation, the refrigerant flows to a conventional evaporator, where it evaporates, resulting in a cooling effect. The vapor is absorbed in a conventional absorber. The phase separation process is projected to require less energy than the conventional boiling process, resulting in higher cycle performance. However, suitable fluids for this cycle have never been found. The computer program developed under this work was used for the systematic design of possible absorbents. Whereas the predictive techniques which serve as kernel of the program can only provide approximate results, they allow fast screening of candidate absorbents. A model of the cycle was run for each potential absorbent, to establish whether the cycle and absorbent were compatible. A total of over 250,000 molecules were investigated, allowing the identification of a few with the potential to work in conjunction with the cycle.
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Blanchette, Andreanne, Helene Moffet, Jean-Sébastien Roy, and Laurent J. Bouyer. "Effects of repeated walking in a perturbing environment: a 4-day locomotor learning study." Journal of Neurophysiology 108, no. 1 (July 1, 2012): 275–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.01098.2011.
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Previous studies have shown that when subjects repeatedly walk in a perturbing environment, initial movement error becomes smaller, suggesting that retention of the adapted locomotor program occurred (learning). It has been proposed that the newly learned locomotor program may be stored separately from the baseline program. However, how locomotor performance evolves with repeated sessions of walking with the perturbation is not yet known. To address this question, 10 healthy subjects walked on a treadmill on 4 consecutive days. Each day, locomotor performance was measured using kinematics and surface electromyography (EMGs), before, during, and after exposure to a perturbation, produced by an elastic tubing that pulled the foot forward and up during swing, inducing a foot velocity error in the first strides. Initial movement error decreased significantly between days 1 and 2 and then remained stable. Associated changes in medial hamstring EMG activity stabilized only on day 3, however. Aftereffects were present after perturbation removal, suggesting that daily adaptation involved central command recalibration of the baseline program. Aftereffects gradually decreased across days but were still visible on day 4. Separation between the newly learned and baseline programs may take longer than suggested by the daily improvement in initial performance in the perturbing environment or may never be complete. These results therefore suggest that reaching optimal performance in a perturbing environment should not be used as the main indicator of a completed learning process, as central reorganization of the motor commands continues days after initial performance has stabilized.
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Seo, Young-Joon, and Jong-Wook Ko. "Determinants of Intent to Leave among Physicians Working at General Hospitals After the Separation Program of Prescribing and Dispensing." Korean Journal of Health Policy and Administration 12, no. 4 (December 1, 2002): 68–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4332/kjhpa.2002.12.4.068.
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Hocut, C. M., D. Liberzon, and H. J. S. Fernando. "Separation of upslope flow over a uniform slope." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 775 (June 23, 2015): 266–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2015.298.
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Motivated by the importance of understanding mountain weather during periods of thermal convection, a laboratory study was conducted to investigate the separation of an upslope (anabatic) flow on a two-dimensional heated mountainous slope in the absence of a background mean flow. Three flow regimes were identified. In the first, at slope angles ${\it\beta}$ larger than a critical value ${\it\beta}_{c}\approx 20^{\circ }$, the separated flow generated a rising plume completely fed by the anterior upslope flow. For this case, a simple model based on a balance between the opposing vorticities of baroclinicity and shear was proposed to predict the location of the separation point relative to the mountain base. The model also predicts the velocity and length scales at separation as well as those of the rising plume after separation. In the second regime, $10^{\circ }<{\it\beta}\leqslant {\it\beta}_{c}$, the volume flow of the separated plume was not fully supplied by the upslope flow, requiring entrainment of additional ambient fluid at the base of the plume source. The third regime occurred when ${\it\beta}\leqslant 10^{\circ }$, wherein the plume almost completely engulfed the slope, similar to a buoyant plume emanating from a source of finite dimensions, thus overshadowing the upslope flow. Measurements of the separation point conducted during the MATERHORN field research program were consistent with the results of the laboratory experiments and modelling.
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Bender, Whitney R., Sindhu Srinivas, Paulina Coutifaris, Alexandra Acker, and Adi Hirshberg. "The Psychological Experience of Obstetric Patients and Health Care Workers after Implementation of Universal SARS-CoV-2 Testing." American Journal of Perinatology 37, no. 12 (August 5, 2020): 1271–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1715505.
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Objective This study was aimed to describe the hospitalization and early postpartum psychological experience for asymptomatic obstetric patients tested for severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) as part of a universal testing program and report the impact of this program on labor and delivery health care workers' job satisfaction and workplace anxiety. Study Design This is a cohort study of asymptomatic pregnant women who underwent SARS-CoV-2 testing between April 13, 2020 and April 26, 2020. Semistructured interviews were conducted via telephone at 1 and 2 weeks posthospitalization to assess maternal mental health. Depression screening was conducted using the patient health questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2). An online survey of labor and delivery health care workers assessed job satisfaction and job-related anxiety before and during the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, as well as employees' subjective experience with universal testing. Patient and employee responses were analyzed for recurring themes. Results A total of 318 asymptomatic women underwent SARS-CoV-2 testing during this 2-week period. Six of the eight women (75%) who tested positive reported negative in-hospital experiences secondary to perceived lack of provider and partner support and neonatal separation after birth. Among the 310 women who tested negative, 34.4% of multiparous women reported increased postpartum anxiety compared with their prior deliveries due to concerns about infectious exposure in the hospital and lack of social support. Only 27.6% of women, tested negative, found their test result to be reassuring. Job satisfaction and job-related anxiety among health care workers were negatively affected. Universal testing was viewed favorably by the majority of health care workers despite concerns about delays or alterations in patient care and maternal and neonatal separation. Conclusion Universal testing for SARS-CoV-2 in obstetric units has mixed effects on maternal mental health but is viewed favorably by labor and delivery employees. Ongoing evaluation of new testing protocols is paramount to balance staff and patient safety with quality and equality of care. Key Points
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Li, Xia, Ai Ling Du, Ai Qin Du, and Yan Wang. "Isolation of Oxymatrine from Alkaloids of Sophora Flavescens Ait. by H103 Macroporous Resin." Advanced Materials Research 634-638 (January 2013): 403–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.634-638.403.
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An efficient and environment-friendly macroporous resin column chromatographic separation method has been developed for preparative isolation of oxymatrine from alkaloids of Sophora flavescens Ait. in the present study. The static adsorption ratios of nine macroporous resins were evaluated. The results demonstrate that H103 macroporous resin, showing high adsorption and desorption capacity, is suitable for separation of oxymatrine. The optimal parameters are obtained: the H103 resins are packed with ethanol, height-diameter ratio (H/D in short) of H103 resin-packed chromatogram column is 33:1, the elution program is 30% C2H5OH-25% NH4OH (115:1, v/v) at flow rate of 2.0 mL/min. After isolation on resin column chromatography, target compound is adequately separated from interferences; the purity of oxymatrine is increased to 91.53% by GC-MS analysis and the recovery yield of oxymatrine is 78.19%.
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Skyba, O., D. Kamak, O. Rudenko, and V. Kravchenko. "APPLICATION OF TECHNIQUE OF INPUT DATA SEPARATING INTO EQUIVALENCE CLASSES FOR OPTIMIZATION OF SPECIAL SOFTWARE CHECKING." Наукові праці Державного науково-дослідного інституту випробувань і сертифікації озброєння та військової техніки, no. 5 (December 22, 2020): 76–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.37701/dndivsovt.5.2020.09.
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Usually, planning a software testing requires solving the basic dilemma: how to provide quality of testing and spend optimal amount of resources. Typically, resources include components such as personnel, software, technical equipment, time, consumables and others.
The Armed Forces of Ukraine have the same problems in planning and testing of programs that are expected to be used in the interests of troops and arms command and control.
Testing can be performed by manual method and computer-aided method. The computer-aided method is faster but has its drawbacks. In particular, this method requires the development and then verification of a special program that will be involved in testing. In addition, this program may not detect certain problems that a person can notice.
Therefore, the authors of the article propose to use the method of manual testing. It is proposed to apply a rational approach for reducing the time for planning and testing using this method.
It refers to a significant reduction in the range of input values which will be checked. This approach provides a high quality testing program at the same time.
The approach is based on the fact that the range (or list) of all possible values of each input variable is divided into several groups (equivalence classes). The separation is carried out by the principle that each equivalence class includes such input values, which will give the similar results after processing them by program.
This approach is widely used by experts in the field of testing. It also meets the standards requirements applicable in Ukraine.
There are two general classes of equivalence: accepted values and nonaccepted values. Each of them is divided into more specific ones. The separation is done leaning upon knowledge, skills and predictions of a specialist who is planning the testing.
This article provides an example of dividing the input values of four variables into equivalence classes.
The approach proposed by the authors of the publication allows to perform software testing faster and more rationally.
It is assumed that such a method should be used during testing software that is intended to be used in the interests of the Armed Forces of Ukraine.
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Roell, Tristan, Andreas Seifahrt, and Ralph Neuhäuser. "Search for extrasolar planets with high-precision relative astrometry by ground-based and single-aperture observations." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 3, S249 (October 2007): 57–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921308016372.
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AbstractWe present our search program for substellar companions using high-precision relative astronomy. Due to its orbital motion around the star, an unseen substellar companion would produce a periodic “wobble” of the host star, which is the astrometric signal of the unseen companion. By measuring the separation between the components of stellar double and triple systems, we want to measure this astrometric signal of a possible unseen companion indirectly as a relative and periodic change of these separations. Using a new observation mode (the “cube-mode”) where the frames were directly saved in cubes with nearly no loss of time during the readout, an adaptive optics system to correct for atmospheric noise and an infrared narrow band filter in the near infrared to suppress differential chromatic refraction (DCR) effects we achieve for our first target (the double star HD 19994) a relative precision for the separation measurements of about 100. . . 150μas per epoch. To reach a precision in the μas-regime, we use a statistical approach. We take several thousand frames per target and epoche and after a verification of a Gaussian distribution the measurement precision can be calculated as the standard deviation of our measurements divided by the square root of the number of Gaussian distributed measurements. Our first observed target is the stellar binary HD 19994 A & B, where the A component has a known radial velocity planet candidate.
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Culp, Lisa B., and William A. Romani. "Physical Therapist Examination, Evaluation, and Intervention Following the Surgical Reconstruction of a Grade III Acromioclavicular Joint Separation." Physical Therapy 86, no. 6 (June 1, 2006): 857–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ptj/86.6.857.
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Abstract Background and Purpose. This case report describes the examination, intervention, and outcome of a patient following the surgical reconstruction of a grade III acromioclavicular (AC) joint separation. Detailed postoperative interventions have not previously been described in the literature. Case Description. The patient was a 34-year-old male college professor with a left grade III AC joint separation and no prior restrictions of upper-extremity function. After 12 weeks of presurgical treatment, the patient’s complaints included crepitus and the inability to push open heavy doors. Intervention. Surgical reconstruction of the AC joint and a 4-month graded exercise program were used. Outcome. The patient returned to preinjury levels of function 5 months after surgery with scores of 3.33/100 and 0/100 on the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire and optional Sport/Music or Work Module, respectively. Discussion. An intervention focusing on restoring shoulder strength, range of motion, flexibility, and neuromuscular control of the shoulder following a surgical reconstruction of the AC joint can lead to a successful functional outcome. [Culp LB, Romani WA. Physical therapist examination, evaluation, and intervention following the surgical reconstruction of a grade III acromioclavicular joint separation.Phys Ther.2006;86:857 – 869.]
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Yao, Tao, Guo Lin Duan, and Yang Gao. "Simulation Analysis of Nonlinear Dynamics for Stone-Cutting with Circular Saw Blade." Applied Mechanics and Materials 281 (January 2013): 234–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.281.234.
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A nonlinear numerical simulation model of stone-cutting circular saw blade was developed for the purpose of understanding the mechanics of cutting process by employing LS-DYNA program. Based on the classical damage model theory and fracture criterion, the action of cutting stone is mainly considered as extruding sliding friction and pressing. The movement rule and wear mechanism were analyzed in stone cutting process. After the transient strain field was obtained, the corresponding pressure was calculated. The results showed the present method is applicable to forecasting and optimizing the cutting parameters for efficient control and improvement of separation.
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Wahner-Roedler, Dietlind L., Jeffrey M. Thompson, Connie A. Luedtke, Susan M. King, Stephen S. Cha, Peter L. Elkin, Barbara K. Bruce, et al. "Dietary Soy Supplement on Fibromyalgia Symptoms: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Early Phase Trial." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2011 (2011): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecam/nen069.
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Most patients with fibromyalgia use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). Properly designed controlled trials are necessary to assess the effectiveness of these practices. This study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, early phase trial. Fifty patients seen at a fibromyalgia outpatient treatment program were randomly assigned to a daily soy or placebo (casein) shake. Outcome measures were scores of the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) at baseline and after 6 weeks of intervention. Analysis was with standard statistics based on the null hypothesis, and separation test for early phase CAM comparative trials. Twenty-eight patients completed the study. Use of standard statistics with intent-to-treat analysis showed that total FIQ scores decreased by 14% in the soy group (P= .02) and by 18% in the placebo group (P< .001). The difference in change in scores between the groups was not significant (P= .16). With the same analysis, CES-D scores decreased in the soy group by 16% (P= .004) and in the placebo group by 15% (P= .05). The change in scores was similar in the groups (P= .83). Results of statistical analysis using the separation test and intent-to-treat analysis revealed no benefit of soy compared with placebo. Shakes that contain soy and shakes that contain casein, when combined with a multidisciplinary fibromyalgia treatment program, provide a decrease in fibromyalgia symptoms. Separation between the effects of soy and casein (control) shakes did not favor the intervention. Therefore, large-sample studies using soy for patients with fibromyalgia are probably not indicated.
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GONCHIKOVA, YU A., N. V. CHMELEVSKAYA, and E. A. ILLARIONOVA. "ANALYSIS OF MIXED COMBINATIONS OF MEDICINAL PRODUCTS BASED ON ABAKAVIR, LAMIVUDIN, ZIDOVUDIN USING THE METHOD OF MICROCOLONIES LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY." Kuban Scientific Medical Bulletin 25, no. 3 (July 26, 2018): 46–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.25207/1608-6228-2018-25-3-46-50.
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Aim.To develop a technique for the detection and separation of abacavir, lamivudine, zidovudine, both individually and combined with adaptol, azaleptin, analgin, amitriptyline, haloperidol, melipramine, neuleptil, phenobarbital, fluoxetine, and chlorprotixen using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).Materials and methods. A column filled with ProntoSIL-120-5-C18 AQ was used, eluting with A [0.2 M lithium perchlorate − 0.005 M perchloric acid] − water (5: 95); eluent B is acetonitrile. Chromatography conditions: a linear gradient of the solvent is 3700 μl from 5 to 70% at a flow rate of 100 μl / min. The temperature of the column was 40°C. The results were processed with the help of the computer program MultiChrome (ZAO Ampersend, Moscow).Results. The method of separation and detection of combinations of abacavir, lamivudine, zidovudine with adaptol, azaleptin, analgin, amitriptyline, haloperidol, melipramine, neuleptil, phenobarbital, fluoxetine and chlorprotixene by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography was developed.Conclusion. The developed technique allows detecting abacavir, zidovudine, lamivudine with the help of the HPLC method after isolation from urine separately or at combined poisonings with adaptolom, azaleptinom, dipyrone, amitriptilinom, galoperidolom, melipraminom, neuleptilom, phenobarbital, fluoxetine and hlorprotiksenom
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Fujita, Shigeru, and Giuseppe Moscarini. "Recall and Unemployment." American Economic Review 107, no. 12 (December 1, 2017): 3875–916. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20131496.
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We document in the Survey of Income and Program Participation covering the period 1990–2013 that a surprisingly large share of workers return to their previous employer after a jobless spell, and experience very different unemployment and employment outcomes than job switchers. The probability of recall is much less procyclical and volatile than the probability of finding a new employer. We add to a quantitative, and otherwise canonical, search-and-matching model of the labor market a recall option, which can be activated freely following aggregate and job-specific productivity shocks. Recall and search effort significantly amplify the cyclical volatility of new job-finding and separation probabilities. (JEL E24, E32, J63, J64)
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Stump, Brian W., and Robert E. Reinke. "Experimental confirmation of superposition from small-scale explosions." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 78, no. 3 (June 1, 1988): 1059–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/bssa0780031059.
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Abstract An in situ experimental program in alluvium is implemented and analyzed to test linear superposition. After separating stochastic and deterministic propagation path effects, direct superposition is experimentally validated at 20 m for two 5-lb charges spaced as close as 2 m in alluvium. The charges are separated by the scaled range of 147 m/kt1/3 and observed at the scaled range of 1470 m/kt1/3. Finite-spatial source effects are observed and simulated in the plane passing through two charges separated by 2 to 10 m. The deterministic single-burst waveforms are used to model the multiple-burst data. The effects observed and simulated include direct superposition below the corner frequency, shift to lower corner frequency with increasing charge separation, and spectral scalloping. For charges closely spaced (up to 4 m, observed at 20 and 24 m), the primary effect on the waveform is replicated by a constant delay time between two identical waveforms. For charges spaced by 10 m (observed at 20 and 30 m), the effects of propagation path differences must be included. These effects result in smoothed spectra.
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Flores, Wanders BC, Kaoru Yuyama, and Raimundo G. da Silva. "Asexual propagation of peach palm by division of the clump and extraction of the off-shoots." Horticultura Brasileira 30, no. 1 (March 2012): 151–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-05362012000100025.
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The peach palm (Bactris gasipaes) is a native Amazonian palm tree that produces fruits and palm hearts, and is now attracting the interest of the farmers in other parts of Brazil given the economical potential of palm heart production. Traditionally the peach palm is propagated by seeds, which yield segregating progenies due to cross-pollination. To guarantee the uniformity and quality of elite selections, the alternative is the propagation of superior genotypes from off-shoots (tillers), because an efficient in vitro cultivation protocol does not exist. The objective of the present study was the development of a more appropriate technique of vegetative propagation by division of the clump, in order to multiply plants selected in the improvement program. A peach palm clump contains between 2 and 20 off-shoots after cutting for palm heart; these can be separated one from the other with iron wedges, and extracted immediately or left for recovery for subsequent extraction. The experimental design was randomized blocks with three replications, using a 3x5 factorial, where the factors were: height of the off-shoots (<30, 30-60, >60 cm) and recovery time after the separation of the off-shoots from the clump (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 days). The off-shoots between 30 and 60 cm and left around a month of recovery in the field after separation from the clump presented 65% of survival, while those left around four months presented 80% of survival.
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Kjellerup, B. V., K. Keiding, and P. H. Nielsen. "Monitoring and troubleshooting of non-filamentous settling and dewatering problems in an industrial activated sludge treatment plant." Water Science and Technology 44, no. 2-3 (July 1, 2001): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0765.
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A large industrial activated sludge wastewater treatment plant had temporary problems with settling and dewatering of the sludge. Microscopical investigations revealed that the poor settling properties were not due to presence of filamentous bacteria, but poor floc properties. In order to characterise the changes in floc properties that led to settling and dewatering problems and to find reasons for this taking place, a comprehensive monitoring program was conducted during more than one year. The monitoring program included various measurements of floc settleability, floc strength and sludge dewaterability. The monitoring program revealed that a deterioration of the floc strength and the settling properties in the process tanks was closely connected to downstream dewatering problems and poor effluent quality. Particularly severe problems were observed a few weeks after the production at the factory had started after summer closedown. Possible reasons for the changes in floc properties in the process tanks were found by a) analysing change in wastewater composition by evaluating the different production lines in the industrial plant, b) evaluating the operation of the plant, and c) performing short-term laboratory experiments testing factors that could potentially affect floc properties (absence of oxygen, presence of sulphide, detergents, etc). Among several measured parameters, the use of floc strength measurements in particular proved useful to monitor the activated sludge floc properties at this industrial plant. The described strategy can be useful in general to find and solve many solid/liquid separation problems in activated sludge wastewater treatment plants.
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Beebe, D., P. Repasky, and S. Kowalik. "Working with the Relational World of the Preschool Child using Psychodynamic Group Therapy." European Psychiatry 24, S1 (January 2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(09)71292-1.
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For over forty years, Bellevue Hospital's Therapeutic Nursery Program has been addressing the emotional problems of New York City preschoolers, aged two to five years, with the help of their families and other caregivers. Typical psychiatric disorders treated in the Therapeutic Nursery Program include anxiety disorders (separation anxiety, generalized anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder), disruptive behavior disorders (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and oppositional defiant disorder), mood disorders, adjustment disorders and attachment disorders.We have found that group psychotherapy provides a safe and secure place where, through psychodynamic intervention, children can repair dysfunctional relationships, identify and express a full range of emotions, resolve cultural differences and develop age appropriate skills.Our Therapeutic Nursery Program employs a wide range of additional treatment modalities in order to reach the treatment goals. Individual or family sessions, as well as meetings with teachers and social service workers, are scheduled to address issues.We have also found that dyadic or sibling work is often needed to stop or reverse the development of inappropriate family relationships.One of our indications of a successful intervention is that either during or after their participation in the Therapeutic Nursery, children return to community-based daycare centers and preschools. We have also found that via participation in the Therapeutic Nursery program, families have opportunities to strengthen their ability to nurture their children, share successful parenting with other families and build pleasurable experiences with their children.
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Amel, Naceur, and Adjadj Fouzia. "Modeling of Liquid-Liquid Demixing Curve in Lead-Zinc Binary System." Diffusion Foundations 18 (September 2018): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/df.18.49.
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In this work we discussed the modeling of the demixing curve in the liquid state in the Lead – Zinc binary system. We are interested to recalculate the free energies relating on Pb-Zn alloys for several temperatures based on the thermodynamic data collected in the bibliography. This calculation allows us to trace the curve of phase separation from a program after obtaining the mole fractions corresponding to the common tangent to the curve of the free energy with two minima at different temperatures. To do this, we used the Matlab 7.1 as the programming language and the Redlich-Kister polynomial as a mathematical model of development. The results obtained are very satisfactory by comparing them with those of the bibliography.
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Prausnitz, John M. "Glückliche Reise." Annual Review of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering 10, no. 1 (June 7, 2019): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-060718-030112.
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Following Forest Hills High School in New York City, I attended Cornell University for a five-year program leading to a Bachelor of Chemical Engineering degree. After spending one year at the University of Rochester to obtain a Master of Science in Chemical Engineering, I came to Princeton University in 1951. Four years later, with a fresh PhD, I joined the faculty at the University of California, Berkeley, where I remained, interrupted only by sabbatical leaves in Switzerland, Germany, England, New Zealand, and Australia. Most of my professional work has been in applied chemical thermodynamics for process design, in particular, development of molecular-thermodynamic models for calculating phase equilibria for large-scale separation operations. I have also worked on the properties of electrolytes and hydrates, critical phenomena in fluid mixtures, properties of polymers and gels, adsorption of fluid mixtures, and separation of biomolecules. For many years I was a consultant for Air Projects and Chemicals and for the Fluor Corporation. Throughout my long teaching career, I have stressed the importance of context and of integrating science and engineering with humanities and with the needs of society. Such integration makes better engineers and contributes to personal happiness.
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Cesario, Fabiane Kellem Oliveira, Renata Pereira Fontoura, Amanda Cruz, Edivaldo Bazilio dos Santos, Amarildo Conceição Junior, Nidah Said, Poliana Morais, et al. "Brazilian medical waste program as an intent to reduce costs and air release of carcinogens." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2020): e19128-e19128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.e19128.
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e19128 Background: Hospital waste management is a current sustainability challenge. The proper waste separation is principally recommended in most protocols, despite not always performed. Potentially infectious, sharp and chemical residues must be properly incinerated. Incineration increases the cost of waste management and releases hazardous gases into the atmosphere, such as dioxins. Dioxins are extremely stable compounds with an estimated half-life of 7 to 9 years in humans. As an important compound of air pollution, they have been classified as a class I human carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. The dioxin carcinogenicity evolves action on transcriptional activation and inhibition of apoptosis. A higher serum concentration of dioxins is found in individuals who live near incinerators or who consume food produced near them.Furthermore, studies showed a 3 to 4 times higher risk of developing cancer in inhabitants of the neighborhood of waste incinerators and an association of serum concentration of dioxins and mortality from different types of cancer. Some neoplasms related to this exposure are lung cancer, soft tissue sarcomas and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma. Methods: We present the impact of adequate division of medical waste from an institution in the Federal District - Brazil with data collected for 8 years. The residues were separated into two groups, the first being formed of residues that should be incinerated (potentially infectious, sharps and chemicals); and the second for regular garbage, which could be recyclable or non-recyclable. Results: By training the team and establishing appropriate protocols for proper segregation of materials, we achieved a saving of 66% from what would have been incinerated waste, equivalent to 76 tons, of which 71.9 tons correspond to recyclable waste. Also, the incineration cost was five times higher than the adequate disposal of regular waste. If the waste separation protocol had not been implemented, the biohazardous and chemical material would have contaminated the rest of the residues, making incineration as a final destination mandatory for all the waste, resulting in the release of more gases after incineration and a 64% higher cost. Conclusions: Despite the barriers to the classification of residues such as non-standardization and inadequate training of hospital teams, this low-cost implementation procedures significantly reduces the cost of waste management and the air release of human carcinogens.
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Vidić, Branka, Zorica Šeguljev, Sara Savić, and Nadežda Prica. "Q FEVER EPIDEMIOLOGY AND CONTROL IN DOMESTIC ANIMALS." Archives of Veterinary Medicine 6, no. 2 (February 20, 2014): 15–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.46784/e-avm.v6i2.150.
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The significance of each domestic animal in the epidemiology of Q-fever is different in various regions and it depends on the number of animals, level of infection, herd size, type of breeding and the conditions of hygiene. Epizootiological studies in our country show greater prevalence in sheep, than in cattle. Q-fever is maintained in Vojvodina in endemo-epidemic form. In Q-fever management programs for control of in sheep and cattle, serological examination and vaccination of the animals is recommended. Efficiency of the application of these measures should be conducted by applying recommended serological tests and detection of causative agent should be done by PCR method. A study on the comparative examination of efficiency, of different vaccination protocols has not yet been conducted. This would refer primarily to the duration of vaccination program, animal categories that are supposed to be vaccinated and timing for vaccination. A significant decrease in the level of infection was found after vaccination during the first years upon application of vaccination program. When vaccination in heifers was done before pregnancy with vaccines containing C.burnetii phase I strains, it was five times less likely that the infection would occur. Vaccination of cows with chronic infection prevents shedding of riketsia via milk, regardless whether the shedding is constant or intermittent. Vaccination represents a new concept of suppression of this zoonozes in the terms of human protection, and also in the terms of creating areas free from Q-fever in endemic regions. General preventive measures applied in the case of Q-fever infection are: movement restriction, separation of animals, restriction of milk and wool, adequate hygiene, using the protective clothing, desinfection of equipement and vechicles, removing of placenta particles, removing of manure, quarantine after calving and lambing and not use common grazing. People proffesionally exposed to the risk from infection should be educated about the disease.
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Shiby, Ashik. "Detection of Fake Currency using Image Processing." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VII (July 10, 2021): 419–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.36348.
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In its definition, the term 'currency' defines an agreed-upon exchange item, the national currency being the legal entity used by the selected controlling entity. Throughout history, issuers have faced 1 common threat: counterfeit. In recent years fake money note has been printed that has resulted in significant losses and damage to society. Therefore, it becomes necessary to build a tool for earning money. This research project proposes a way to look at the note of counterfeit money distributed in our country through their image. After selecting an image use pre-processing. In pre-processing, the acquired image is cropped, smooth, and adjust. Change the image to grey-scale. After conversion use image separation. Features are extracted and reduce. Finally, compare the picture to be real or fake. Duplicate money has been a major problem in the market. There are currency counting machines available in banks and other trading venues to check financial authenticity. Most people do not have access to such programs which is why there is a need for fake money laundering software, which can be used by ordinary people. This proposed framework uses Image Processing to determine whether the money is real or counterfeit. The research project program is built entirely using Python's programming language. It has the methods such as grayscale conversion, edge detection, segmentation, etc.
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Schöler, S., D. Yilkiran, D. Wulff, F. Özkaya, K. Möhwald, B. A. Behrens, and H. J. Maier. "Selective oxidation of tool steel surfaces under a protective gas atmosphere using inductive heat treatment." MATEC Web of Conferences 190 (2018): 14003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819014003.
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For the realization of liquid lubricant free forming processes different approaches are conceivable. The priority program 1676 “Dry forming - Sustainable production through dry machining in metal forming” addresses this issue in the context of metal forming processes. The present study reports results from one subproject of the priority program that employs selective oxidization of tool steel surfaces for the implementation of a dry sheet metal deep drawing process. Within the present study, specimen surfaces of the tool steel (1.2379) were heat-treated to optimize their tribological properties with respect to sliding wear behaviour in contact with drawn sheet metal (DP600+Z). The heat treatment was designed to result in the formation of selective oxide layers that can act as friction reducing separation layers. The heating setup employed an inductive heating under protective gas atmosphere. Selective oxidation was realized by controlling the residual oxygen content. Specifically, the specimens were heated in the near-surface region just above the annealing temperature, thus avoiding the degradation of mechanical properties in the bulk. Evaluation of hardness along cross-sections of each specimen revealed suitable initial temperatures for the inductive heat treatment. Oxide layer systems were analyzed regarding their tribological sliding wear behaviour after selective oxidation, as well as their morphology and chemical composition before and after the sliding wear tests.
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Tan, Yi Ping, Jian Li, Jin Hua Zou, and Hai Bo Jiang. "Application of Pile Underpinning for Strengthening Design of Longgan Bridge." Advanced Materials Research 163-167 (December 2010): 3465–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.163-167.3465.
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Local scouring around the bridge pier occurs because of flow separation and the development of several vortexes around the pier. Such scour holes can cause a weakness in the bridge which may see cracks occurring on the box girders, especially during flooding. This paper presents a design scheme in which a pile underpinning technique has been adopted for such cases during research into defects in bridges. Furthermore, the finite element model has been established to evaluate the bearing capacity of the bridge before and after adopting this new measure. A large quantity of calculation data indicate that the application of the proposed method performs appropriately and plays an important role in raising the bearing capacity of bridge. The specific program bringing this into effect correctly in a renovation project is illustrated.
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Qamar, Sadia, Yady J. Manrique, Harendra S. Parekh, and James R. Falconer. "Development and Optimization of Supercritical Fluid Extraction Setup Leading to Quantification of 11 Cannabinoids Derived from Medicinal Cannabis." Biology 10, no. 6 (May 28, 2021): 481. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10060481.
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In this study, the optimal setup of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) was designed and developed, leading to the quantitation of 11 distinct cannabinoids (cannabidivann (CBDV), tetrahydrocannabivann (THCV), cannabidiol (CBD), cannabigerol (CBG) cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), cannabigerolic acid (CBGA), cannabinol (CBN), delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), delta 8-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ8-THC), cannabichomere (CBC) and delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol acid (THCA-A)) extracted from the flowers of medicinal cannabis (sp. Sativa). Supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) extraction was performed at 37 °C, a pressure of 250 bar with the maximum theoretical density of CO2 (893.7 kg/m3), which generated the highest yield of cannabinoids from the flower-derived extract. Additionally, a cold separator (separating chamber) was used and positioned immediately after the sample containing chamber to maximize the yield. It was also found that successive washing of the extract with fresh scCO2 further increased yields. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with DAD (uHPLC-DAD) was used to develop a method for the quantification of 11 cannabinoids. The C18 stationary phase was used in conjunction with a two solvent system gradient program resulting in the acquisition of the well-resolved chromatogram over a timespan of 32 min. The accuracy and precision of isolated cannabinoids across inter-and intra-day periods were within acceptable limits (<±15%). The assay was also fully validated and deemed sensitive from linearity, LOQ, and LOD perspective. The findings of this body of work are expected to facilitate improved conditions for the optimal extraction of select cannabinoids using scCO2, which holds promise in the development of well-characterized medicinal cannabis formulations. As to our best knowledge, this is the first study to report the uHPLC quantification method for the analysis of 11 cannabinoids from scCO2 extract in a single run with more than 1 min peak separation.
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Meza, José S., Carlos Cáceres, and Kostas Bourtzis. "Slow Larvae Mutant and Its Potential to Improve the Pupal Color-Based Genetic Sexing System in Mexican Fruit Fly, (Diptera: Tephritidae)." Journal of Economic Entomology 112, no. 4 (April 27, 2019): 1604–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/toz094.
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Abstract For many years, an area-wide fruit fly control campaign against the Mexican fruit fly, Anastrepha ludens (Loew) has been implemented in some regions of Mexico and Texas, using the sterile insect technique (SIT) as its principal component. To improve the efficiency of the SIT, a genetic sexing strain based on black pupae mutation (bp) was developed for A. ludens, namely, ‘Tapachula-7’ (Tap-7 genetic sexing strains [GSSs]). This strain was introduced into the AW-IPM program recently and allows male-only releases for SIT applications. Here, we report the genetic and biological characterization of a new mutation, slow larvae (sl), which was introduced to the original translocation of the Tap-7 GSS resulting in two new GSS (slow-7 and Tap/slow-7). In both GSSs, the translocated wild-type males emerge from brown pupae that develop faster than females. The females are homozygous for sl mutation in the slow-7 GSS and homozygous for sl and bp mutations in the Tap/slow-7 GSS, reaching larval maturity 2 d after most of the wild-type males, allowing the separation of most males during pupariation. The potential use of the slow-7 and Tap/slow-7 GSSs in mass rearing and large-scale population suppression programs is discussed.
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Budur, О., S. Nikul, M. Petrushenko, V. Holovan, O. Serheyev, and S. Tarasenko. "DEVELOPMENT OF RECOMMENDATIONS FOR CALCULATING THE MECHANISM OF SEPARATION OF PERSPECTIVE SOLID PROPELLANT ROCKETS WITH A NEGATIVE IN-FLIGHT WARHEAD AND MECHANISM OF SEPARATION." Collection of scientific works of Odesa Military Academy 1, no. 12 (December 27, 2019): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.37129/2313-7509.2019.12.1.81-88.
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In today's difficult international environment, especially in view of the situation in which Ukraine finds itself, it is necessary to note that each of the states with different social structures makes a titanic effort to prevent a nuclear war, to preserve and strengthen the peace. Engaging in peaceful construction, it is necessary to protect the defense capability of the Ukrainian state, where we have no right to allow the weakening for a second. The prospect of solving such problems lies to some extent on missile systems, as they are high-precision weapons. To accomplish these missiles, it is necessary to have a modern element base. Particularly important is the task of replacing already outdated samples of weapons with new, where the latest achievements of scientific and technical work, new approaches in design. Solid propellant rocket engines are now widespread. It has the following major advantages: high reliability, ease of use, constant readiness for action. Rocket launchers are used in all classes of modern military complexes. A variety of applications and tasks contribute to the development of a wide range of structures that differ in overall, mass, traction, time and other characteristics. When approaching such work, it is necessary to take into account the classification of this type of missiles, to analyze the requirements advanced to the missiles in terms of standard, operational and production and economic requirements. In addition, to select and justify the scheme of the rocket. Determine the type of start, engine rocket. Particular attention should be given to the determination of structural materials and the choice of the missile flight program. In the analysis of the requirements for the systems of separation of the warhead, it is necessary to consider their schematic diagrams, on the basis of which the choice of scheme for a prospective missile and the design of the mechanism of separation of the warhead. Based on the analysis and calculations, fast detachable devices were used as fasteners of the warhead: burst bolts having a sealed axial channel filled with pyrotechnic composition with a lighter. Of the possible three groups of separation mechanisms are selected pushing mechanisms that act on the warhead and the hull forces in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the rocket. As a pusher, the compartment used a spring pusher. Based on the calculations, we can say that the system compartment warhead can provide its secure attachment to the rocket body with the help of burst bolts. These mounting mechanisms are compact, small in weight, safe to operate and have a simple construction. As a mechanism of separation of the warhead can be selected by pushing the mechanisms of separation, namely - spring mechanisms, because they provide a reliable separation of the warhead and minimal disturbance of its movement in the separation process. As a result of the calculation of the mechanism of separation of the warhead, calculated the necessary and sufficient condition of the separation, its relative velocity after separation, found the necessary values of the force of pushing, providing reliable operation of the pushing mechanism.
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Buist, Ian, Steve Potter, Alun Lewis, Alan Guarino, and Dave Devitis. "Decanting Tests at Ohmsett with and Without Emulsion Breakers1." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2003, no. 1 (April 1, 2003): 827–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2003-1-827.
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ABSTRACT This paper summarizes a multi-year research program to address the decanting of water from oil spill fluids recovered by skimmers. The first series of tests, with two weir-type skimmers at Ohmsett, was conducted to study the rate and amount of free water separation that can be expected in temporary storage containers. The goal of this study was to predict the best time to decant water back into the boomed area and optimize the available onsite storage space. The results indicated that “primary break” (the initial separation of the recovered liquids) occurred within a few minutes to one hour, depending on the physical characteristics of the oil. Rapidly decanting this free water layer may offer immediate increases of 200 to 300% in available temporary storage volume. Initial oil concentrations in the decanted water also depended on the physical properties of the oil; they ranged from 100 to 3000 mg/L These declined by a factor of approximately 3 after one hour of settling, and by a factor of approximately 5 after one day. The second series of tests was undertaken to develop a more complete understanding of the use of emulsion breakers injected into an oil spill recovery system at both lab-scale (at SL Ross) and mid-scale (at Ohmsett). The experiments were designed to assess the injection/mixing/settling regimes required for optimum water-removal from a meso-stable water-in-oil emulsion with an oil spill demulsifier. The use of a demulsifier injected into a recovery system, combined with decanting, did substantially reduce the volume of water in temporary storage tanks and the water content of emulsions for disposal/recycling.
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Segal, Nancy L. "Twins Reared Apart: Zygotic Division After Artificial Insemination/Twin Research Reviews: Selective Resuscitation of Premature Twins; Scientist Jailed for Editing Twins’ Genes; Sexual Arousal Patterns in MZ Twins Discordant for Sexual Orientation; MZ Twins With Jejuno-Ileal Atresia/Media Reports: Twin Girls’ Search for a Bone Marrow Donor; Puppy with a Possible Parasitic Twin; Twins in Silicon Valley; Surgical Separation of Craniopagus Twins; Twin-Based New Yorker Magazine Cartoon; Twin Tragedies." Twin Research and Human Genetics 23, no. 2 (April 2020): 139–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/thg.2020.11.
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AbstractThis article opens with the brief life histories of reared-apart monozygotic (MZ) male twins. A New York City program that helped childless couples conceive via artificial insemination from the 1930s to the 1950s is examined as it related to these twins. The frequency with which pregnancies following assisted reproductive technology resulted in MZ twin pairs is also provided. Next, summaries of twin research concerning selective resuscitation, gene editing, sexual arousal and jejuno-ileal atresia are presented. The article ends with media reports of twin girls’ efforts to find a bone marrow donor for their father, possible parasitic twinning in a puppy, identical female twins’ business venture, the surgical separation of craniopagus twins, a twin-themed magazine cartoon and tragic events involving identical male twins.
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Tzima, Zoi-Despoina, Nikolaos Economides, Christos Gogos, and Ioannis Kolokouris. "A Prospective Clinical Study of the Efficacy of Hyflex CM Rotary Instruments in an Endodontics Undergraduate Program." Balkan Journal of Dental Medicine 23, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bjdm-2019-0005.
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SummaryBackground/Aim: To investigate the incidence of procedural errors with the use of a novel nickel-titanium rotary system (Hyflex CM, Coltene/Whaledent, Altstätten Switzerland), evaluate the technical quality of root canal treatments and assess a questionnaire completed by the participants themselves in an undergraduate dental clinic between 2014 and 2017 (Department of Endodontology, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki).Material and Methods: 118 undergraduate students in their first year of clinical practice performed a root canal treatment on a patient’s molar (maxillary/mandibular). None of the participants had previous experience in rotary instrumentation. The periapical radiographs were taken with the use of the paralleling technique for standardization and were collected and evaluated by the investigator. After the root canal treatment was performed the students completed a questionnaire in order to evaluate their training on rotary instrumentation.Results: The overall incidence of instrument separation, apical perforation, root perforation, straightening and ledges was 0.8%, 4.4%, 2.3%, 5.5% and 29% respectively on root canal level. Ledges were detected more often in mandibular mesiobuccal canals. The frequency of root canals with an ‘acceptable’ filling was 68.4%, while overfilled and underfilled canals were found to be 8.6% and 16.2% respectively. The response rate was high (94.9%), 35% of the participants encountered no difficulty in the use of rotary instrumentation and 98.2% would use it again.Conclusions: The incidence of procedural errors was considerably low and the technical quality of the filled root canals was superior to that of similar studies. The responses of the questionnaire demonstrated a positive attitude toward rotary instrumentation.
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LOMBARDI, P., L. AVALLONE, U. PAGNINI, D. d'ANGELO, and E. BOGIN. "Evaluation of Buffalo Colostrum Quality by Estimation of Enzyme Activity Levels." Journal of Food Protection 64, no. 8 (August 1, 2001): 1265–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-64.8.1265.
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A study to evaluate the value and potential use of colostral enzymes as markers for the evaluation of buffalo colostrum quality was conducted. The enzymes γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in buffalo's colostrum were measured spectrophotometrically, and their activities were correlated with the gamma-globulin content. Gamma-globulin concentration was determined following the electrophoretic separation of the colostral proteins and quantified with a densitometer. Colostrum was obtained from 15 dams, soon after calving. Means, standard deviations, correlation coefficients, and degree of significance were calculated using the general linear model procedure of the Statistical Analysis Systems program. The activity of GGT in the colostrum was the highest, followed by LDH and ALP. A significant correlation (r = 0.86; P < 0.001) was seen between GGT and gamma-globulin concentration in the colostrum, supporting the suggestion of using this enzyme as a marker for the evaluation of colostrum quality.
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Stanyte, Rugile, Johannes Nuebler, Claudia Blaukopf, Rudolf Hoefler, Roman Stocsits, Jan-Michael Peters, and Daniel W. Gerlich. "Dynamics of sister chromatid resolution during cell cycle progression." Journal of Cell Biology 217, no. 6 (April 25, 2018): 1985–2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201801157.
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Faithful genome transmission in dividing cells requires that the two copies of each chromosome’s DNA package into separate but physically linked sister chromatids. The linkage between sister chromatids is mediated by cohesin, yet where sister chromatids are linked and how they resolve during cell cycle progression has remained unclear. In this study, we investigated sister chromatid organization in live human cells using dCas9-mEGFP labeling of endogenous genomic loci. We detected substantial sister locus separation during G2 phase irrespective of the proximity to cohesin enrichment sites. Almost all sister loci separated within a few hours after their respective replication and then rapidly equilibrated their average distances within dynamic chromatin polymers. Our findings explain why the topology of sister chromatid resolution in G2 largely reflects the DNA replication program. Furthermore, these data suggest that cohesin enrichment sites are not persistent cohesive sites in human cells. Rather, cohesion might occur at variable genomic positions within the cell population.
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Turner, Marianne. "The positioning of Japanese in a secondary CLIL science classroom in Australia." Journal of Immersion and Content-Based Language Education 7, no. 2 (September 25, 2019): 192–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jicb.18021.tur.
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Abstract In Australia, content and language integrated learning (CLIL) is commonly implemented as a way to encourage innovation in language teaching. This paper explores how Japanese can also be used to innovate the teaching of content. Qualitative data are drawn from a Year 8 science Japanese CLIL classroom in a secondary school with an opt-in CLIL program. In the class, a monolingual (in English) science teacher was co-teaching with a Japanese language teacher. Findings from observations, after-class reflections, teacher and student interviews, a student survey and work samples revealed that students were highly engaged with the Japanese component of their science lessons. Kanji was further positioned as a way for students to deepen their understanding of scientific concepts. However, there also appeared to be a separation in the way both teachers and students spoke about Japanese language use and learning science. Implications of these findings are discussed in the paper.
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Jensen, Rasmus B. "Coordination between Chromosome Replication, Segregation, and Cell Division in Caulobacter crescentus." Journal of Bacteriology 188, no. 6 (March 15, 2006): 2244–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.188.6.2244-2253.2006.
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ABSTRACT Progression through the Caulobacter crescentus cell cycle is coupled to a cellular differentiation program. The swarmer cell is replicationally quiescent, and DNA replication initiates at the swarmer-to-stalked cell transition. There is a very short delay between initiation of DNA replication and movement of one of the newly replicated origins to the opposite pole of the cell, indicating the absence of cohesion between the newly replicated origin-proximal parts of the Caulobacter chromosome. The terminus region of the chromosome becomes located at the invaginating septum in predivisional cells, and the completely replicated terminus regions stay associated with each other after chromosome replication is completed, disassociating very late in the cell cycle shortly before the final cell division event. Invagination of the cytoplasmic membrane occurs earlier than separation of the replicated terminus regions and formation of separate nucleoids, which results in trapping of a chromosome on either side of the cell division septum, indicating that there is not a nucleoid exclusion phenotype.
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Cui, Binbin, Jing Yang, Zhibin Wang, Chengcui Wu, Hongrui Dong, Yixuan Ren, and Chunjuan Yang. "An Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for Determination of 10 Alkaloids in Beagle Dog Plasma after the Oral Administration of the Corydalis yanhusuo W.T. Wang Extract and Yuanhuzhitong Tablets." Molecules 23, no. 8 (August 2, 2018): 1925. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23081925.
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This study has developed a sensitive and simple ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous determination of corydaline, dehydrocorydaline, tetrahydropalmatine, protopine, palmatine, tetrahydroberberine, columbamine, berberine, coptisine and berberrubine in beagle dog plasma after the oral administration of the Corydalis yanhusuo W.T. Wang and Yuanhuzhitong tablets. Chromatographic separation was achieved on an Agilent Eclipse Plus C18 RRHD column (1.8 µm, 50 × 2.1 mm) using a gradient elution program with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and water containing 0.1% formic acid at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. A tandem mass spectrometric detection was conducted by multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode via an electrospray ionization source in the positive mode. The calibration curves of all analytes showed good linear (r2 > 0.9800). The intra-day and inter-day precisions were less than 15% and the accuracies were within ±15%. The extraction recoveries conformed to the acceptable range. And there was no interference of endogenous substances in the sensitive assay method. All analytes were proven to be stable during sample storage and analysis procedures. The pharmacokinetic study indicated that the Yuanhuzhitong tablets could get a better absorption than Corydalis yanhusuo W.T. Wang.
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Seo, Hun-Chul. "Novel Protection Scheme considering Tie Switch Operation in an Open-Loop Distribution System using Wavelet Transform." Energies 12, no. 9 (May 7, 2019): 1725. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12091725.
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Loop power distribution systems are gaining increasing attention due to improvements in the reliability of the power supply and the connection of distributed generation. With loop distribution systems, there is the possibility of mal-operation of the protection relay because of the existence of the tie switch and bi-directional current injection. In this paper, we propose a novel protection scheme considering the tie switch operation in the open loop power distribution system using wavelet transform. We analyze the possibility of mal-operation of the protection relay as a result of the normal load current after tie switch operation and analyze the characteristics of the normal load current and fault current injection after tie switch operation. Using these results, a new index is proposed to distinguish the normal load current and fault current, and a novel protection scheme based on this new index is proposed. The proposed method is modeled using an electromagnetic transients program and MATLAB, and the various simulations are performed according to the tie switch position, the fault location, and the success or failure of the fault section separation. From the simulation results, we can confirm that the normal load current and the fault current after tie switch operation can be accurately distinguished and the protection relay can accurately operate at only fault conditions.
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Sommer, C. "Digital image analysis and identification of eggs from bovine parasitic nematodes." Journal of Helminthology 70, no. 2 (June 1996): 143–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x00015303.
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AbstractComputer-assisted microscopy and multivariate statistics were used to establish and evaluate a procedure for identification of bovine strongylid eggs. Ostertagia ostertagi, Cooperia oncophora, Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, and Oesophagostomum radiatum eggs were obtained from faeces voided by monospecifically infected calves. Images of single eggs (400× magnification) were recorded by a CCD camera fitted onto a microscope and digitizied on a PC. After separation of eggs from the image background, the pixel (picture element) positions of the egg outline were analysed by algorithms to describe size and shape. A stepwise discriminant analysis was subsequently used to select and rank descriptive features of 4207 eggs according to discriminatory power. Classification criteria were developed by linear discrimination analysis on the basis of selected features, and the criteria evaluated by cross-validation. A maximum average percentage of correct classification of 85.8% resulted when nineteen features were employed in a linear classification criterion. The percentages correct classification for each species were: O. ostertagi 76.3%, C. oncophora 90.8%, O. radiatum 87.8%, H. placei 90.1%, and T. axei 83.8%. Classification based on the five most important features gave an overall correct classification of 81.5%. Images of ‘unknown’ eggs could be identified automatically by the classification criteria after procedural steps performed by PC were linked in a batch program.
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Novikov, Arthur, Sergey Sokolov, Michael Drapalyuk, Vladimir Zelikov, and Vladan Ivetić. "Performance of Scots Pine Seedlings from Seeds Graded by Colour." Forests 10, no. 12 (November 22, 2019): 1064. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10121064.
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Research Highlights: One of the ways to improve the quality of a seedlot used in the forest nursery is the grading of seed by colour. Background and Objectives: The study is intended for forest’s engineers and owners because it offers an alternative solution for forest seeds improvement before sowing. The success of forest establishment program mainly depends on the quality of Forest Reproductive Material. At this time usual practices during the seed processing is seed grading on size. This causes a lot of controversy about the possible reduction of genetic diversity through directional selection. Materials and Methods: Aiming to study the effect of seed coat colour on seedling performance, a one-year old container seedlings of Pinus sylvestris L. were planted at the post-fire site. Seedlings were produced from three fractions, previously graded in the visible wavelength range on a standard optical separator, plus control obtained without separation by colour. Results: Seedlings from different seed fractions performed differently in the first growing season after planting on the field. Seedlings from light seed fraction grow better in height, but those from dark seed fraction resulted with the highest survival rate. Light-dark seeds, which constitute the largest group in the initial sample by absolute weight, resulted with seedlings of the lowest growth rates and survival. The good results showed by seedlings from the control, for both growth rates and survival, indicate the weak effect of seed colour grading on seedlings field performance, but also the need for the more comprehensive studies in the future.
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Acevedo-Triana, Cesar, Diana Cordoba-Patiño, Juan Francisco Muñoz, Julian Cifuentes, Victor Melgarejo Pinto, Oscar Rodriguez W, and Camilo Hurtado-Parrado. "Comparing the Short and Long-Term Effects of Acute Moderate-Intensity Exercise on Mnemonic Similarity and Emotional Memory Tasks." Acta Neuropsychologica 19, no. 1 (January 13, 2021): 33–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.6997.
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Mounting research has linked acute moderate-intensity exercise with changes indiscrimination of similar events – i.e., mnemonic memory. Conversely, few studies have compared performance in tasks associated to each type of memory(mnemonic similarity and emotional) and less have evaluatedperformance several days after exercise sessions. Thirty-five undergraduate students were randomly distributed in three groups that differed in the assigned duration of the moderate-intensity exercise session.Weestablished first the moderate-intensityexercise program by calculating the VO2max 50%. Two-to-five days later, participantsengaged in the exercise condition to which they were assigned, followed by a five-minute rest period. Immediately after, all participantswere exposed to the training phase of both memory tasks. The first retrieval phase was tested 45 minutes afterencoding phase was completed. Subsequent retrieval phases were conducted 24, 48, and 168 hours post-training. Exercise of long duration in creased discrimination performance in images of low similarity. Comparison of the effects of exercise on discrimination of the three types of images that the emotional-memory task entailsshowed improved performance only for aversive and neutral images. Exercise improves discrimination of low similarity images, with better overall performance after a longer exercise session. This finding adds to previous reports that have found analogous effects using other memory tasks.It also supports the notion that acute effects due to exercise are specifically related to hippocampal functionality and its ability to separate patterns. Finally, maintenance of emotional information across time suggest a different mechanism,independent of pattern-separation processing.
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Almeida, Flávio, and Renata Ferraz. "Designerly Modus of Wandering and Shared Film Creation in “Corpos Palimpsésticos”: Artistic creations in times of socio-affective." International Journal of Film and Media Arts 6, no. 1 (June 9, 2021): 92–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.24140/ijfma.v6.n1.05.
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“Corpos Palimps sticos”1 emerged in 2020, in a moment of worldwide pandemic due to Covid-19 and because of the end of our relationship as lovers. Soon after our separation, and thanks to the call for proposals of the Residency Program “Residências em Residências Circolando / Central Elétrica 2020 – FASE 2”, the idea of mourning the separation through a creative gesture was born. The fruition of artistic objects in their physical places has been interrupted due to the restriction to people gathering in closed spaces. This new reality has forced artists to rethink the format of their works so they could reach a public that, without the usual places, is now reterritorialized in a digital environment. Thus, the project’s goal was the production of video-performances and the constant online sharing of our creation process. The project had an interdisciplinary approach, and although design and filmmaking were the privileged areas, the work also included text creation, photography, music, and scientific research. We will analyse here existing approaches of creation methods such as co-creation in documentary, art-based research, art thinking and a recontextualization of design thinking in order to reframe these modes of creation in “Corpos Palimps sticos”. By using more than a single methodology, we are interested in a process where our areas of research/creation can dialogue randomly in a non-hierarchical way. Once the residency was over, we systematized the creation process that gave rise to this text. Finally, we created the term “Designerly Modus of Wandering” and used the term “Shared Film Creation” of a previous research to base our creative journey in the areas of design and film creation.
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Shi, Peiying, Chunlei Yang, Ya Su, Liying Huang, Xinhua Lin, and Hong Yao. "Simultaneous Determination of Five Phenolic Acids and Four Flavonoid Glycosides in Rat Plasma Using HPLC-MS/MS and Its Application to a Pharmacokinetic Study after a Single Intravenous Administration of Kudiezi Injection." Molecules 24, no. 1 (December 25, 2018): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24010064.
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This study has developed a reliable and precise high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous determination of five phenolic acids and four flavonoid glycosides in rat plasma after a single intravenous administration of Kudiezi injection (KI). Chromatographic separation was carried out on an Ultimate®XB-C18 column (4.6 × 100 mm, 3.5 μm) using a gradient elution program with a mobile phase consisting of water containing 0.5% acetic acid and acetonitrile at a flow rate of 0.6 mL/min. Detection was performed on a triple-quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry using multiple reaction monitoring in negative electrospray ionization mode. The calibration curves of all analytes showed good linearity (R2 > 0.990). The results of selectivity, intra-day and inter-day precisions, extraction recoveries, matrix effects and stability were satisfactory. Pharmacokinetic parameters showed that luteolin-7-O-β-d-gentiobioside, luteolin-7-O-β-d-glucuronide, luteolin-7-O-β-d-glucoside and apigenin-7-O-β-d-glucuronide were eliminated quickly (0.07 h < t1/2 < 0.66 h), whereas 5-caffeoylquinic acid, caftaric acid, chlorogenic acid, 4-caffeoylquinic acid and caffeic acid were eliminated relatively slowly (2.22 h < t1/2 < 6.09 h) in rat blood. The pharmacokinetic results would be valuable to identify bioactive constituents, elucidate mechanisms of pharmacological actions or adverse drug reactions and guide the rational clinical use of KI.