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Cheng, Li. "Entry of monocytes into the brain after injection of Corynebacterium parvum." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0004/MQ44147.pdf.
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Cheng, Li 1968 Sept 20. "Entry of monocytes into the brain after injection of Corynebacterium parvum." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=20561.
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The receptiveness of the brain to monocyte infiltration was studied in rats that had been injected intracerebrally with Corynebacterium parvum. 0--17 days after intracerebral injection and 18 hours after intravenous injection of diI-labelled isogenous mononuclear cells, host rats were sacrificed and cells from the vicinity of the injection site and from the contralateral cerebral hemisphere were dissociated and analyzed by flow cytometry. In rats sacrificed 4--11 days post injection, diI-labelled mononuclear cells were detected in cell preparations from the hemisphere ipsilateral and, to a lesser extent, contralateral to the injection site. No extravasation of cells from the blood to the brain was detected in rats injected intracerebrally with saline. By immunohistochemistry, many macrophages were detected in the hemisphere ipsilateral to injection of Corynebacterium paryum. In additional experiments, the dissociated CNS cell population was labelled with OX-42 antibodies to the type 3 complement receptor which is present on monocytes but not lymphocytes. Some cells in the brain were labelled with both diI and OX-42 and therefore were identified as monocytes that had entered the brain from the blood. In conclusion, monocytes can home to both sides of the brain after unilateral injection of a strong inflammatory agent but monocyte infiltration into the brain is delayed in comparison to monocyte inflammatory responses in non-neural tissues.
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Olu-Ojo, Toluwalope. "Permeability Evolution in Sandstone and Carbonate after Fracture Induced by CO2 Injection." Thesis, Curtin University, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/81905.
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Effective carbon dioxide sequestration is hinged on rock permeability, a dynamic property dependent on the thermo-physical conditions of the storage rock. Changes to rock permeability in Berea sandstone and Savonnières limestone rocks undergoing triaxial compression, up to failure, are observed and analysed using live brine and supercritical carbon dioxide as injection fluids. Results obtained indicate the effect of induced fracture(s) on permeability evolution in the rocks as geomechanical or geochemical reactions occur in the samples.
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Bengtsson, Py, and Klara Carlsson. "Treatment Results after Intra-articular Injection of Corticosteroids in Patients with TMJ Arthritis." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Tandläkarutbildning, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-97854.
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Arthritis is a common disease affecting the temporomandibular joint. The inflammation causes local pain and decreased function of the masticatory system. Temporomandibular joint arthritis can result from mechanical overloading, general autoimmune disease or individual susceptibility. The aim of this study was to investigate objective and subjective treatment results after intra-articular injection of corticosteroids in patients with temporomandibular joint arthritis. The hypothesis was that treatment with intra-articular injection of corticosteroids relieves clinical signs and subjective symptoms and no difference between objective and subjective treatment outcome was anticipated. An outcome assessment study with consecutive sample was performed. Objective and subjective data was registered from 70 subjects treated with intra-articular injection of corticosteroids. Statistics were analyzed in SPSS. Subgroup analysis was performed to evaluate and distinguish confounding variables such as sex, age, autoimmune disease (general), previous physical trauma and hard tissue changes. Maximum mouth opening capacity was increased by 8.7% after treatment demonstrating an objective improvement. Subjects with an initial impaired maximum mouth opening capacity <40 mm showed a greater increase compared to those within the normal range. Subjective assessment at follow-up presented a self-reported improvement in 77% of the subjects. The routines regarding follow-up were found to be inconsistent and subjective assessments scales were missing in about 50% of the cases. Objective and subjective improvement was observed after intra-articular injection of corticosteroids. This confirms the present treatment recommendations that intra-articular injection is an effective method in relieving signs and symptoms of temporomandibular joint arthritis.
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Stephens, Robert L. "Characterization of a folate-induced hypermotility response after bilateral injection into the rat nucleus accumbens /." The Ohio State University, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487265555438043.
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Torstensson, Thomas. "Chronic Pelvic Pain Persisting after Childbirth : Diagnosis and Implications for Treatment." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Allmänmedicin och preventivmedicin, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-211847.
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Objectives: To explore the pain mechanism and the origin of the pain and to evaluate a short-term pain relief treatment in women suffering from CPP persisting after childbirth in order to enable physiotherapeutic intervention. Material and methods: Thirty-six parous women with chronic pelvic pain persisting after childbirth were recruited at the Department of Physiotherapy, SundsvallHospital and by advertisements in newspapers and 29 parous women without chronic pelvic pain were recruited from an organized gynaecological screening at a midwifery surgery. All women were provoked by intra-pelvic palpation of 13 predetermined intra-pelvic landmarks. The provoked pain distribution was expressed in pain drawings and the pain intensity verbally on a Likert scale.Also, in a randomised controlled trial the 36 women with chronic pelvic pain were allocated to bilateral injection treatment with either triamcinolone or saline solutions, given once on the ischial spine with follow-up after four weeks. Results: Referred pain provoked on intra-pelvic landmarks follows a specific pattern. In general, pain provoked by palpation of the posterior intra-pelvic landmarks was mostly referred to the sacral region and pain provoked by palpation of the ischial and pubic bones was mostly referred to the groin and pubic regions. In women with chronic pelvic pain the provoked pain distribution area and pain intensity were magnified as compared to women without chronic pelvic pain. In the clinical trial decreased pain intensity, decreased distribution of pain and improved physical function was achieved among the triamcinolone treatment group as compared to the saline treatment group. Also, a positive correlation was shown between reduced pain intensity and improved function. Conclusions: Referred pain patterns provoked on intra-pelvic landmarks in women with chronic pelvic pain persisting after childbirth are consistent with sclerotomal sensory innervations and indicates allodynia and central sensitisation. This suggests that pain mapping can be used to evaluate and confirm the pain experience and contribute to diagnosis. Also, the pain intensity provoked by stimulation of the intra-pelvic landmarks is suggested to be useful to differentiate women with chronic pelvic pain from those without. Corticosteroid treatment to the ischial spine resulted in decreased pain and increased function.
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Wakazono, Tomotaka. "RECURRENCE OF CHOROIDAL NEOVASCULARIZATION LESION ACTIVITY AFTER AFLIBERCEPT TREATMENT FOR AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION." Kyoto University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/232093.
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Yamaguchi, Shoki. "EFFECT OF LOW-INTENSITY PULSED ULTRASOUND AFTER MESENCHYMAL STROMAL CELL INJECTION TO TREAT OSTEOCHONDRAL DEFECTS: AN IN VIVO STUDY." Kyoto University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/225972.
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Doell, Annika [Verfasser], and Oliver J. [Akademischer Betreuer] Schmitz. "In-vivo characterization of therapeutic antibodies after subcutaneous injection using a LC-MS based immuno-capture assay / Annika Doell ; Betreuer: Oliver J. Schmitz." Duisburg, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1198111380/34.
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Papadopoulos, N. "Numerical study of transient in-nozzle fuel flow phenomena and near-nozzle effects during and after the end of injection for Diesel engines." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2017. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10027922/.
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The design of a Diesel injector is a key factor in achieving higher engine efficiency. The injector's fuel atomisation characteristics are also critical for minimising toxic emissions such as unburnt Hydrocarbons (HC). However, when developing injection systems, the small dimensions of the nozzle render optical experimental investigations very challenging under realistic engine conditions. For the present work, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) was employed and transient, Volume Of Fluid (VOF), multiphase simulations of the flow inside and immediately downstream of a real-size multi-hole nozzle were performed, during and after the injection event with a small air chamber coupled to the injector downstream of the nozzle exit. A Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) approach was used to account for turbulence. A moving mesh approach was followed for the movement of the needle. Models that can provide an accurate prediction of the liquid-gas interface and also capture the vapour-air mixing were used. Moreover, an evaporation model was developed. The code was validated against experimental data and data from the literature. 9 different injections were simulated for injection pressures equal to 400 bar and 900 bar, ambient pressure that varied from 60 bar to 1 bar and fuel temperature that varied from 300 K to 353 K. A high chamber temperature case and a high nozzle wall temperature case were also investigated. The results showed that the flow during the injection cannot be considered steady state and that hysteresis exists. After the end of injection, the state of the nozzle varied from being filled with liquid to being filled with air. Some form of dribble existed in all the injections while in one of them a late cycle mass expulsion was predicted. The effect of evaporation was found to be very small but it can contribute towards late cycle mass expulsion. In addition, the pressure drop due to the engine cycle could also have a similar effect.
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Lin, Hai-Hui. "Finite element modeling of drug transport processes after an intravitreal injection, a study of the effects of drug-phase geometry on bioavailability and toxicity." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0007/MQ34022.pdf.
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Ueno, Makoto. "Assessment of cerebral hemodynamics before and after revascularization in patients with occlusive cerebrovascular disease by means of quantitative IMP-SPECT with double-injection protocol." Kyoto University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/148734.
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Peters, Catherine Jane. "A prospective comparative study of 5 year old children (and their families) born after intracytoplasmic sperm injection, conventional in vitro fertilisation or natural conception, and other studies of child/family outcome after in-vitro fertilisation techniques." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2005. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1445928/.
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Objectives: To assess the extent to which exposure to Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) is associated with significant health, developmental and psychosocial adjustment outcomes. To investigate the incidence of assisted conception in children with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome.;Methods: A population case-control study of 510 school age children (and their families) born after ICSI (n=189), conventional in-vitro fertilisation (IVF) (n=158) or natural conception (n=163). Outcome measures included: A full physical examination of the child which included enumeration of physical abnormalities and an assessment of general health. An assessment of childhood IQ using the Weschler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI). An assessment of gross and fine motor skills using the WPPSI and McCarthy Motor Skills tests. Questionnaires to assess of parent-child relationships. A survey of parental attitudes towards disclosing the method of conception to their IVF children. A survey of 160 members of the Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome (BWS) support group enquiring about conception.;Results: There was no difference between conception groups for overall physical health or fine/gross motor difficulties. There was evidence of an increase in congenital abnormalities in the assisted reproduction groups. Parent-child relationships were similar between groups. The majority of ICSI / IVF parents wish to disclose the method of conception to their child. There is an increased likelihood of children with BWS being conceived after IVF compared to the general population.;Conclusion: The studies in this thesis are reassuring, in terms of physical and neurodevelopmental health of ICSI children aged 4-5 years and their family relationships. The increase in congenital abnormalities after IVF/ICSI requires further study. Families of assisted conception children wish to disclose conception method to their child but require more support. There is evidence of an increased risk of BWS in children conceived after assisted reproduction.
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Tran, Tony. "Soap separation efficiency at Gruvön mill : An evaluation of the process before and after a modification." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för teknik- och naturvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-7330.
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Wood consists not only of cellulose, lignin and hemicellulose but also of so called extractives which includes fats and acids and these components are separated in the mill from the black liquor. These extractives are in the mill denoted as tall oil soap. Tall oil has a large field of applications like chemicals and fuel and as it is produced to the atmosphere if it can replace oil and thus reduce the oil consumption. Tall oil soap is separated from the black liquor in a skimmer and the focus of this thesis was to examine the effect of air injection and the soap layer thickness on the soap separation efficiency in a skimmer. The work was focused on in analyzing the soap content of the inlet and outlet black liquor flow of the skimmer and to detect if an enhancement has been achieved with the two mentioned methods. The reason for the pulp mill to improve the soap separation efficiency was to decrease the risk of foaming and fouling in the evaporator but also to be able to increase the production of tall oil. The air injection gave a 41% improvement of the soap separation efficiency and further improvements are probably possible to achieve. The air injection flow was about 7 l air /m3 liquor in the black liquor feed. The airflow lowers the density of soap, creating a greater difference in density between soap and black liquor and this improves the separation efficiency. A thicker soap layer could increase the likelihood for soap drops to raise and reach the soap-liquor interface, because the soap drops have the tendency to bind with each other and will be separated from the liquor instead of following with the skimmed liquor outlet (fig. i.2). However, this study shows no indication of improvement with thicknesses that exceeds 0,75- 3,5 m which also endanger the skimmer due to overflow from the skimmer or create a short circuit between the in- and the outlet black liquor flow.
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Seifart, Anja. "The impact of functional electrical stimulation to the lower leg after a single botulinum toxin injection in children with a spastic equinus gait due to cerebral palsy." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2860.
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Thesis (MScPhysio (Physiotherapy))--Stellenbosch University, 2008.Cerebral palsy (CP) is a common neurological condition seen in children which results in childhood disability. Damage to the developing brain results in abnormal muscle tone and decreased force generation, which leads to loss of independent function. Previous studies investigating interventions targeting the typical equinus gait pattern seen in spastic CP have reported inconclusive and widespread outcomes. Objectives The objectives of the study were to determine (1) the effect of functional electrical stimulation (FES) after a single botulinum toxin injection into the triceps surae muscle as a functional orthosis on various gait parameters and economy of movement; (2) caregivers’ perceptions of the impact of the intervention on their child’s function and participation, and (3) optimal timing intervals for introducing FES after a botulinum toxin injection. Method Single-subject research with a multiple baseline approach was conducted on five ambulant subjects (average age 5.1 years, SD=1.4) in the Cape Metropole with a dynamic equinus gait due to hemiplegic CP. Two-dimensional gait analysis, isometric dynamometry, Energy Expenditure Index (EEI), and a caregiver questionnaire were used to gather data on walking speed, ankle angles at initial contact of gait, isometric plantarand dorsiflexior muscle strength, energy expenditure during gait, as well as caregiver perception on participation changes. Statistical analysis was conducted by means of ANOVA tests and graphic data illustrations. Results A statistically significant pre- to post intervention (FES after botulinum toxin) change was found for plantarflexor muscle strength. This effect was partially maintained over the withdrawal phase. Caregivers felt the intervention to have a positive influence on their children’s walking speeds, as well as on age-appropriate function and participation. Selfselected walking speed, dorsiflexor muscle strength, and ankle angles at initial contact did not change significantly. A 32-day interval between between botulinum toxin and the FES programme resulted in the most pronounced improvements in terms of walking speed, EEI scores, and plantarflexor muscle strength. Conclusion FES to the lower limb, 32 days after botulinum toxin into the triceps surae, applied for 30 minutes per day, five times a week over a total of four weeks, seemed to improve selected gait parameters as well as caregiver perception of impact on function and activities of daily living. However, further research is needed.
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Smeeton, Fiona Janet. "Insulin detemir compared to NPH insulin : a study to explore whether differences exist in the response to hypoglycaemia induced after subcutaneous injection in subjects with type 1 diabetes." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.533164.
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Lvovskiy, Andrey [Verfasser], Bernhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Unterberg, and Henning [Akademischer Betreuer] Soltwisch. "Development of a multichannel dispersion interferometer for measurements of the plasma density distribution after massive gas injection and during the runaway electron phase in TEXTOR / Andrey Lvovskiy. Gutachter: Bernhard Unterberg ; Henning Soltwisch." Bochum : Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1089006519/34.
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Salga, Marjorie. "Inflammation et paraostéoarthropathies neurogènes Blocking neuromuscular junctions with botulinum toxin A injection enhances neurological heterotopic ossification development after spinal cord injury in mice Traumatism brain injury: if neurological damage was not the key to the development of neurogenic heterotopic ossification? Corticosteroid injection is an alternative therapeutic strategy to treat pain in Neurogenic Heterotopic Ossification: a Case Series." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLV072.
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Les ossifications hétérotopiques (OH) sont des formations osseuses bénignes anormalement situées dans les tissus mous du corps humain. Les OH peuvent être d’origine génétique, acquise et idiopathique. Elles sont appelées paraostéoarthropathies neurogènes (POAN) lorsqu’elles se développent après une lésion du système nerveux central. Cette thèse a pour objectif de préciser les facteurs inflammatoires locaux et systémiques, impliqués dans la survenue de POAN. Nous avons tout d’abord étudié l’effet de l’injection de composants de paroi membranaire bactérienne dans un modèle de souris développant des ossifications hétérotopiques neurogènes (OHN) après section médullaire et injection intramusculaire d’un myotoxique chimique. L’injection locale intramusculaire comme systémique d’un composant de paroi d’Escherichia Coli ou de Staphylococcus Aureus a permis d’augmenter de façon significative le volume des OHN. A l’issu de ces expériences, il semble que le niveau d’inflammation intramusculaire influence de façon importante le volume des OHN, selon un effet-dose. La provenance des agents de paroi bactérienne fait supposer que l’inflammation pourrait être spécifiquement induite par des pathogènes infectieux. Il semblerait qu’il existe un niveau inflammatoire seuil à partir duquel, la section médullaire ne soit plus obligatoire à la survenue d’OH. Toujours dans le même modèle murin, nous avons montré que le blocage de la jonction neuro-musculaire par une injection de toxine botulique augmente le volume des OHN. La jonction neuro-musculaire semble réguler le développement de OHN dans un muscle pathologique chez la sourie avec section médullaire. Il est possible que cette régulation s’effectue via un mécanisme de neuro-inflammation locale. Suite à ces découvertes en recherche fondamentale, nous avons mené une étude cas-témoins recherchant des facteurs pourvoyeurs d’inflammation à la phase très précoce suivant l’accident neurologique, qui pourraient être corrélés à l’apparition de POAN. Cette étude a été la première à montrer que les patients avec POAN présentent de façon plus importante des infections à Pseudomonas Aeruginosa. La présence de traumatismes associés et de chirurgies était corrélée à la survenue de POAN, tout comme la longueur de la ventilation mécanique, du coma, du séjour en réanimation et la présence d’une trachéotomie. En revanche, aucun critère neurologique n’était associé à une augmentation du risque de POAN. A gravité neurologique égale, il semble donc que les patients développant des POAN présentent un niveau d’inflammation plus élevé (infections, polytraumatisme, chirurgies multiples, réanimation) que les patients sans POAN. Comme pour d’autres pathologies articulaires avec une composante inflammatoire, nous avons infiltrer des dérivés cortisonés localement, dans le but de traiter les douleurs induites par certaines POAN. Un mois après l’injection, 80% des patients présentaient un soulagement des douleurs. Ce traitement local parait être une alternative intéressante à la prise en charge antalgique des POAN douloureux.Les POAN sont toujours, à l’heure actuelle, diagnostiqués et prises en charge tardivement lors de l’apparition de complications. L’enjeu actuel est d’identifier les patients à risque de développer des POAN, le plus tôt possible après leur accident neurologique de façon à leur assurer un suivi et une prise en charge adaptée et précoce. En se basant sur les études cliniques et les données issues du modèle murin développant des POAN, nous allons relever des critères cliniques et biologiques reconnus comme étant corrélés à l’apparition de POAN dans une base de données clinico-biologique. Ce tout premier travail prospectif sur les POAN permettra de repérer les patients à risque de développer des POAN et peut être à terme d’identifier des cibles thérapeutiques qui permettrons de prévenir ou de guérir les POANHeterotopic ossifications (H0) are abnormal ectopic bone formations that develop in soft tissues. HO can be related to genetic factors or acquired pathologies. HO occurring after central nervous system lesion are called neurogenic HO (NHO). The objective of this project is to identify local and systemic inflammatory factors that may be associated with occurrence of NHO. We study first, the effect of bacterial membrane components on the development of NHO in a mouse model of spinal cord injury triggered by injection of a myotoxic compound into muscle. Local and systemic administration of membrane components from Escherichia coli or Staphylococcus aureus significantly increased the volume of NHO. Changes in the level of inflammation, which was dose responsive, correlated with changes in NHO volume suggesting that inflammation influences NHO formation. As bacterial membrane components were also linked to increased volumes of NHO, it is possible that inflammation triggered by infectious pathogens could also be involved in NHO development. Furthermore, we identified that after reaching a certain threshold of inflammation, triggered by administration of bacterial membrane components, spinal cord injury was not required for NHO formation. Further experiments with this model involved determining the effect of blocking neuromuscular signaling on NHO formation. Botulinum toxin injection increased the size of NHO. Therefore, neuromuscular signaling also modulates NHO development in damaged muscles of spinal cord-injured mice. By extension, local neuroinflammation was implicated in regulating neuromuscular signals received by affected muscles. Based on these preclinical results, we carried out a case-control study to look for factors inducing inflammation that could be linked with NHO occurrence, and which occur at early stages after neurological trauma. This study identifies for the first time that patients with Pseudomonas Aeruginosa-positive infections were more likely to develop NHO. NHO patients more frequently experience surgery and polytrauma, compared to patients without NHO. Furthermore, extended stays in intensive care, long periods of mechanical ventilation, enduring coma, or patients with a tracheotomy were more frequent in patient with NHO. In contrast, no neurological factors were associated with a higher risk of developing NHO. Patients with comparable neurological trauma severity were more susceptible to develop NHO when they were experiencing a high level of inflammation (infection, polytrauma, surgeries, intensive care). Like for other inflammatory joint pathologies, we performed a further study which involved the infiltration of NHO with corticosteroid locally, in order to treat pain induced by NHO formation. One month after treatment, 80% of patients reported an improvement of pain. Therefore, we demonstrate that corticosteroid infiltration at the site of NHO is an effective treatment for pain associated with NHO. Detecting patients that are at risk to develop NHO as early as possible after an accident is imperative, to adapt rehabilitative strategies or treatment needs specific for patients that develop NHO. However, NHO diagnosis occurs during late phase of disease, when complications are occurring. To address this shortfall in the detection of NHO formation, we are undertaking the first prospective study of NHO, where clinical and biological information will be recorded to make a database. The specific data to be collected has been defined by our previous research in the mouse model and earlier clinical studies, and will identify specific biological and clinical factors that can be monitored to identify patients at risk to develop NHO. The outcomes of this project have specific implications in the understanding the drivers of NHO formation and its detection. Global outcomes of this project include improving patient management and possibly the prevention of NHO formation in patients
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Fraser, Robert D. "Discitis after discography and chemonucleolysis /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 1986. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09MD/09mdf842.pdf.
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Panayiotides-Djaferis, Hercules Theodore. "Decrease in selected temperature after intracranial dopamine injections in goldfish." PDXScholar, 1987. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3733.
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Goldfish (Carassius auratus) (40-80g) were injected with dopamine into the forebrain to study the possible involvement of this amine in central temperature regulation in these fish. Dopamine caused a decrease in selected temperature after injection into the rostral nucleus preopticus periventricularis (NPP). This effect was dependent on the dose of dopamine administered. Doses of 25, 50, 100 and 250 ng were used, injected in a volume of 0.2μ1. Injections in regions adjacent to the NPP elicited hypothermic effects only at the higher dosages. These effects were not consistent. Injections in caudal regions of the NPP elicited no effect. The effects of dopamine were blocked by haloperidol, a selective antagonist of dopamine. It is suggested that dopamine acts on central thermoregulatory neurons, present in the rostral NPP, in the mediation of thermoregulatory behavior. Further, it is suggested that this action is mediated via dopaminergic receptors.
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Pizango, O., E. Tejeda, M. Buendia, and S. Lujana. "Bilateral endogenous ophthalmitis due to Candida glabrata after complicated bariatric surgery." Elsevier B.V, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/347088.
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orionpizango@gmail.comCase report: A 43-year-old female presented with decreased visual acuity in the right eye.“Snowball-like” retinal lesions were found in both eyes on examination. Due to a lackof improvement with intravitreal antifungal empirical treatment, vitreous culture wasperformed and Candida glabrata was isolated. The patient then received intravitreal ampho-tericin B, as well as systemic treatment with caspofungin and amphotericin B lipid complex.Discussion: Endogenous fungal endophthalmitis is a sight-threatening condition. There arefew reports of C. glabrata endogenous endophthalmitis. Treatment regimens for Candidaendophthalmitis include combinations of systemic and/or intravitreal antifungals, as wellas vitrectomy.
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Zhu, Jiangtao. "Effects of dietary tyrosine and tryptophan supplementation on immunity and brain neurotransmitter levels after SRBC injections in chickens." Thesis, This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-11242009-020137/.
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Sadeghi, Somayah. "Increase in membrane potential oscillations and spontaneous firing of muscle spindle afferents after injections of acidic saline into the masseter muscle." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=95613.
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Cell bodies of Group 1 and II afferents of muscle spindles of jaw muscles are located in the mescencephalic trigeminal nucleus (NVmes). Their intrinsic electrical properties include resonant properties that produce high frequency oscillations which sometimes lead to rhythmic bursting. Increases in these behaviours in spinal dorsal root ganglia sensory afferent neurons have been linked to the appearance of neuropathic pain. We postulated that similar changes mayoccur in muscle spindle afferents in a model of non-neuropathic chronic muscle pain, and so investigated the effects of algesic injections into the masseter muscle on the intrinsic properties of NVmes afferents. We adapted the method of dual intramuscular acidic saline injections (pH 4, 2-3 days apart) developed by Sluka et al. to produce long-lasting mechanical hypersensitivity of rat masseter muscles. […]Les corps cellulaires des afférences fusoriales des groupes 1 et II des muscles de la mastication sont situés dans le noyau trigéminal mésencéphalique (NVmes). Ces afférences ont des propriétés de résonnance qui leur permettent de produire des oscillations à haute fréquence qui peuvent parfois mener à une décharge en bouffées rythmiques. L'apparition de la douleur neuropathique a été associée à l'augmentation de l'incidence de ce type de comportement dans lesneurones sensoriels afférents du ganglion spinal radiculaire. Les corps cellulaires des afférences fusoriales des groupes 1 et II des muscles de la mastication sont situés dans le noyau trigéminal mésencéphalique (NVmes). Ces afférences ont des propriétés de résonnance qui leur permettent de produire des oscillations à haute fréquence qui peuvent parfois mener à une décharge en bouffées rythmiques. L'apparition de la douleur neuropathique a été associée à l'augmentation de l'incidence de ce type de comportement dans lesneurones sensoriels afférents du ganglion spinal radiculaire. Les corps cellulaires des afférences fusoriales des groupes 1 et II des muscles de la mastication sont situés dans le noyau trigéminal mésencéphalique (NVmes). Ces afférences ont des propriétés de résonnance qui leur permettent de produire des oscillations à haute fréquence qui peuvent parfois mener à une décharge en bouffées rythmiques. L'apparition de la douleur neuropathique a été associée à l'augmentation de l'incidence de ce type de comportement dans lesneurones sensoriels afférents du ganglion spinal radiculaire. Notre hypothèse postule que des changements similaires peuvent se produire dans les afférences des fuseaux neuromusculaires dans un modèle de douleur musculaire chronique, non-neuropathique. Nous avons donc examiné les effets produits par des injections algésiques dans les muscles des masséters sur les propriétésintrinsèques des afférences du NVmes. Nou
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Lin, Li-Ling, and 林俐伶. "Histopathological Study on Inflammatory Stomach after Intravenous Injection of Lipopolysaccharide in Rats." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/02265526669912517985.
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碩士國立中山大學
生物科學系研究所
91
There are a lot of inflammatory agents, such as substance P, histamine, capsaicin, and lipopolysaccharide（LPS）. LPS is the component of all gram-negative bacterial cell wall that can stimulate the immune cells to release pro-inflammatory cytokines that can induce systemic acute inflammation and sepsis. The present study sought to investigate the location of leaky microvessels and magnitude of plasma leakage in the rat stomach secretory and non-secretory portions after an intravenous injection of high dose of LPS（15 mg/kg）. India ink（1 ml/kg） and Evans blue（30 mg/ml）were used as tracer dyes to measure the magnitude of plasma leakage after LPS application. In the whole mounts of the stomach secretory and non-secretory portions with silver staining, the boundaries of endothelial cells and gaps between endothelial cells for plasma leakage in the blood vessels of microcirculation were made visible. Tissue sections were stained with Alcian blue and periodic acid-Schiff reagent to reveal the mucosubstance present in the mucous cells of the stomach secretory tissue. The result of study demonstrated that the magnitude of LPS-induced plasma leakage in the rat stomach secretory and non-secretory portions was larger than that of the vehicle control. Extensive plasma extravasation was found from 5 min to 30 min after LPS injection. Numerous endothelial gaps formed in both postcapillary venules and collecting venules in the rat stomach secretory portion at 5 min and 30 min after LPS, but the number of gaps declined strikingly 60 min after LPS. Endothelial gaps were rare in the stomach of vehicle control. Histological sections of the stomach secretory portion showed that the leaky vessels were present in the serosa and muscularis externa. Administration of LPS also resulted in release of mucus in gastric gland cells. It is concluded that endotoxin-induced increase in plasma leakage correlated with the formation of endothelial gaps, and associated with depletion of mucosubstance from the mucous cells.
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Sunnatov, Dinmukhamed. "Experimental Study of Steam Surfactant Flood for Enhancing Heavy Oil Recovery After Waterflooding." 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-05-7650.
Full textAbstract:
Steam injection with added surface active chemicals is one of general EOR
processes aimed to recover residual oil after primary production processes. It has been
demonstrated that, after waterflooding, an oil swept area can be increased by steam
surfactant flow due to the reduced steam override effect as well as reduced interfacial
tension between oil and water in the formation. To investigate the ability to improve
recovery of 20.5oAPI California heavy oil with steam surfactant injection, several
experiments with a one-dimensional model were performed.
Two experimental models with similar porous media, fluids, chemicals, as well
as injection and production conditions, were applied. The first series of experiments
were carried out in a vertical cylindrical injection cell with dimensions of 7.4 cm x 67
cm. The second part of experiment was conducted using a horizontal tube model with
dimensions of 3.5 cm x 110.5 cm. The horizontal model with a smaller diameter than the
vertical injection cell is less subject to channel formation and is therefore more applicable for the laboratory scale modeling of the one-dimensional steam injection
process.
Nonionic surfactant Triton X-100 was coinjected into the steam flow. For both
series of experimental work with vertical and horizontal injection cells, the concentration
of Triton X-100 surfactant solution used was chosen 3.0 wt%. The injection rates were
set to inject the same 0.8 pore volumes of steam for the vertical model and 1.8 pore
volumes of steam for horizontal model.
The steam was injected at superheated conditions of 200oC and pressure of 100
psig. The liquid produced from the separator was sampled periodically and treated to
determine oilcut and produced oil properties. The interfacial tension (IFT) of the
produced oil and water were measured with an IFT meter and compared to that for the
original oil. The experimental study demonstrated that the average incremental oil
recovery with steam surfactant flood is 7 % of the original oil-in-place above that with
pure steam injection.
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Tsao, Pai-chin, and 曹百瑾. "The effect of combined movement therapy for patientswith shoulder impingement after subacromial injection." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/56476295979091606559.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
物理治療研究所
97
Background：Patients with subacromial impingement syndrome (SAIS) have been reported to demonstrate decreased shoulder range of motion, muscle strength and abnormal scapular control strategies during shoulder movement. Sodium hyaluronate (SH) injection has been widely used for the reduction of pain or inflammation, and several studies have provided evidence to support joint mobilization techniques in reducing clinical symptoms or improving scapular control strategies especially for patients with SAIS. However, no studies have investigated the effects of mobilization with movement (MWM) on clinical symptoms and scapular control strategy for SAIS patients who had SH injection. Purpose：The study aimed to examine the immediate effect as well as the 3-week short term effect of MWM for SAIS patients undertaking SH injection. Methods：Twenty subjects with SAIS were randomly assigned to treatment group (n=10) and control group (n=10), but 2 of control subjects failed to complete the 3-week follow-up evaluation. Pain status, shoulder range of motion (ROM)(flexion, abduction, internal rotation, external rotation), shoulder strength(upper trapezius, UT; serratus anterior, SA; lower trapezius, LT; middle deltoid, MD; shoulder external rotators, ER; shoulder internal rotators, IR; supraspinatus), functional test (hand to scapula test, lift-off test),scapula motion (scapular upward rotation, internal rotation and posterior tipping) and muscle activities(UT, SA, LT MD) during shoulder scaption were measured before SH injection and one day after injection to examine the immediate effect of subacromial injection. The treatment group was then re-evaluated to examine the immediate effect of MWM after receiving the first session of MWM which was performed 20 minutes after post-injection evaluation. Treatment group undertook MWM twice a week for 3 weeks thereafter. At last all subjects in either treatment or control groups were arranged to complete the final assessment. The assessment mainly included pain status, shoulder ROM, shoulder strength, shoulder posterior capsule tightness, shoulder pain and disability index (SPADI), functional test and scapular control strategy. Results：The results of immediate effect of MWM showed significantly reduced pain, significantly increased shoulder ROM (flexion abduction, internal and external rotation), and significantly increments of shoulder strength (SA, LT, ER) right after one-session of MWM (p<0.05). In addition, significantly increased scapular upward rotation during arm lowering process(90°~40°), and significantly increased LT and MD muscle activities during arm lowering process(UT：80°~20°, MD：50°~20°) were also found (p<0.05). The follow-up of short term effect for MWM showed significantly pain reduction, significantly increased shoulder ROM (flexion, abduction, internal rotation), and significantly increments of shoulder strength (MD, SA), and functional test (hand to scapula test, lift-off test) one day after SH injection before MWM was applied, and the effects lasted until 3 weeks after MWM especially in shoulder ROM (flexion, abduction, internal and external rotation), shoulder strength(UT, SA, IR, ER and supraspinatus) , functional test (hand to scapula test, lift-off test) and SPADI scores (p<0.05). In contrast, although significant improvement was also found in pain reduction, shoulder ROM (internal rotation) and shoulder strength(SA) one day after injection in the control group(p<0.05), the effect did not last until 3 weeks after injection except for shoulder strength(UT, DT, IR,ER, p<0.05). No significant difference was found on scapular motion 3 weeks after injection in both groups, but the treatment group has shown a trend toward decreased scapular internal rotation and increased scapulohumeral rhythm after taking 3 week MWM. On the other hand, a trend of increased scapular internal rotation, decreased scapular upward rotation and decreased scapulohumeral rhythm were found in the control group 3-week after injection. The latency of scapular muscle onset during arm scaption also decreased after taking 3 week MWM, although without significant changes. Moreover, significantly decreased UT muscle activities during arm lowering process(60°~0°) were found after taking 3 week MWM in the treatment group and significantly decreased MD muscle activities during arm elevation (20°~40°) and lowering process(30°~20°, 10°~0°) in the control group. Conclusion：Immediate effect of SH injection was found in pain reduction and the improvement of shoulder ROM (internal rotation)and shoulder strength(SA), however the effect did not last until 3 weeks after injection expect for the strength of UT, DT, IR and ER. In contrast, additional MWM after SH injection have provided more significantly immediate effect especially on shoulder ROM (flexion, abduction, external rotation), shoulder strength (LT and ER) and scapular control strategy as well as more lasting effects in shoulder ROM (flexion, abduction, external rotation and internal rotation), shoulder strength (UT, SA, IR and ER), SPADI scores, functional test and scapular control strategy at 3 weeks after injection. In conclusion, MWM treatment was strongly recommended for SAIS patients that just had one shot of SH injection for better outcome or more lasting effects .
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Kuo, Ting-Ling, and 郭亭伶. "Behavioral Responses of Preschool Children Undergoing Intravenous Injection Procedures after Applying Target Play." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/21928405684702376264.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
護理學研究所
99
The purposes of this study were two fold: (1) to understand behavioral responses of preschool children undergoing intravenous injection procedures after applying target play; and (2) to analyze the possible factors predicting behavioral responses of preschool children undergoing intravenous injection procedures. A quantitative and experimental method with random selection was used for this study. Participants were sick children aged 3-6 years who received intravenous injection treatment. Forty-four children were recruited to an experimental (22 children) and control (22 children) group. Data were collected from both groups at three time points. The behavioral responses of children receiving intravenous injections were observed by the researcher. Intravenous puncture was performed three times by the same intravenous batter (IV nurse). Each intravenous injection took about 5-10 minutes. In the experimental group, in parallel with intravenous puncture, the researcher implemented target play and observed participants’ behavioral responses. Intravenous puncture, target play and observation took place in the pediatric injection rooms. After observation, the researcher offered the primary caregiver the findings of the observation of behavioral responses of their child during the intravenous puncture. A pamphlet on care tips was also explained and provided to the primary caregiver. Statistical analyses included Wilcoxon sign rank test, Mann-Whitney test, general linear model, and regression analysis. SPSS 15.0 software was used for the data analysis. The results suggested that target play can significantly reduce the negative behavioral responses in children undergoing intravenous puncture treatment. Age and sex of children, accompaniment during intravenous puncture, and attitude of accompany adults were significantly related to the behavioral responses of children undergoing intravenous puncture. In the experimental group before intervention, the strength of the variables “age” and “previous experience of receiving a present after the injection” in the regression model of behavioral responses was 40.7%. After the intervention, the strength of “previous experience of receiving a present after the injection” in the regression model of behavioral responses was 33.9%. In addition, “decibels of crying” was also significantly positively correlated with behavioral response and was found to be a predictor of behavioral responses. Finally, there was a significant difference in behavioral response between the experimental group and control group post-test. Therefore I conclude that target play can effectively reduce negative behavioral responses in sick children receiving intravenous injection. The findings of the current study may offer a means by which pediatric nurses can reduce children’s anxiety during intravenous injection. The effects of applying target play in clinical practice need further research.
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Chen, Chieh-Hsiao, and 陳階曉. "PELVIC FLOOR MUSCLE ACTIVITIES IN TEENAGERS WITH MENINGOMYELOCELE – BEFORE AND AFTER BOTULINUM TOXIN INJECTION." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/11342301622333219455.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
醫學工程研究所碩博士班
95
Background and Purpose: The micturition cycle which includes filling phase and voiding phase is controlled by autonomic nerve systems, pudendal nerve and pontine micturition center. Spinal diseases such as spinal cord injury or meningomyelocele will interrupt the synchronized control of the complex nervous systems. These conditions may lead to detrusor sphincter dyssynergia or pelvic floor hypertonicity. Previous studies show that the Botulinum toxin injection in the external urethral sphincter is effective. We introduce the analysis of the electromyography (EMG) to interpret the changes of pelvic floor muscle activities before and after the botulinum toxin injection. Material and Methods: Two teenagers with meningomyelocele were included. They received the uroflow study, cystometry and electromyography of pelvic floor before and after Botulinum toxin injection. The EMG signals were segmented into 8 stages and were analyzed. The median frequency of signals after Fourier’s transformation, the median power frequency and the mean power of the power spectral density, and the root mean square of the EMG signals were calculated. Symptom questionnaires were taken at each visit. Results and Conclusions: The median frequency and median power frequency shift to lower aspect. The average power and amplitude decreased and the maximum flow rate improved significantly. The injection of Botulinum toxin not only improves the urinary flow rate, the residual urine amount, but also alters the voiding pattern according to the EMG studies. The EMG analysis introduced by this study is useful not only in interpreting the pelvic floor muscle activities but also in predicting a further shot of Botulinum toxin injection.
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Huang, Yu-Hsiu, and 黃于修. "A study on the tensile strength of the plastic injection test pieces after annealing." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/73468131892923716034.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立交通大學
工學院碩士在職專班精密與自動化工程組
97
This purpose research is to find out tensile strength of the plastic injection test pieces after annealing. The test pieces are made of PC, POM, PS, and PP materials. The relation of the crystalline micro-structure of the plastics with tensile strength was also studied. Plastics often present internal and residual stress in injection molding. Besides, fountain flow effect and shearing of the molten plastics in the mold change the micro-structure. This experiment is emphasized on the effect of annealing of the injected plastic test pieces. This study also makes comparison of the tensile strength among semi-crystalline, amorphous, engineering, and general plastic after annealing. In the analysis of four different plastics, it was found that the tensile strength grows with the annealing time. The test was further concluded that semi-crystalline plastics are generally have higher strength than the amorphous. After 1-houred annealing, the plastic injection test piece reached the highest strength.
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Yu-EnTien and 田宥恩. "Pharmacokinetics of dinalbuphine sebacate in human after intramuscular injection of an extended-release formulation." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/59w5hq.
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Fonseca, João Pedro Vieira. "Vascular endotelial growth factor plasma concentrations before and after intervitreal injection of bevcizumab and ranibizumab." Master's thesis, 2012. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/72093.
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Fonseca, João Pedro Vieira. "Vascular endotelial growth factor plasma concentrations before and after intervitreal injection of bevcizumab and ranibizumab." Dissertação, 2012. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/72093.
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Moghadaszadeh, Solmaz. "Risk of elevated intraocular pressure after ranibizumab injection in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration." Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/18901.
Full textAbstract:
Objectif : Nous avons voulu évaluer le risque d’élévation chronique de la pression intraoculaire suite à des injections de ranibizumab dans le traitement de la dégénérescence maculaire liée à l’âge de type néovasculaire. Méthode : Nous avons réalisé une étude rétrospective sur 161 patients ayant reçu des injections de ranibizumab dans un œil seulement. Les critères excluent les patients ayant du glaucome non contrôlé au départ (PIO>21mmHg) et ceux qui ont eu moins de 9 semaines de suivi après l’injection. L’élévation de la PIO est définie comme une augmentation de >5mmHg sur deux visites consécutives. Résultats : Nous n’avons pas déterminé de différence de pourcentage entre les yeux ayant reçus des injections pour lesquels il y a une élévation de la PIO (n=8.5%), comparé au pourcentage de yeux n’ayant pas reçus d’injections pour lesquels il y a une élévation de la PIO (n=9.6%). Cependant, un plus grand nombre d’injections d’anti-VEGF est associé avec une élévation chronique de la PIO (P=0.032). D’autres facteurs de risque de l’élévation chronique de la PIO sont le diabète, une PIO faible au départ, et une PIO maximale plus élevée (P<0.05). Conclusion : Un plus grand nombre d’injections semble augmenter le risque d’élévation de la PIO. Les patients atteints de diabète semblent être plus à risque et nécessiter une étroite surveillance.Purpose: Conflicting evidence exists about the risk of chronic elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP) after ranibizumab injections for neovascular age-related macular degeneration. The goal of this study is to evaluate this risk. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of 161 people. Inclusion criteria included receiving at least three ranibizumab injections in one eye only and having at least 9 weeks of follow-up. Exclusion criteria included the presence of uncontrolled glaucoma or ocular hypertension at baseline (IOP>=21mmHg). Chronic IOP elevation was defined as an increase >5mmHg of IOP on at least 2 consecutive visits. Results: There was no difference in the percentage of injected eyes that experienced a chronic IOP increase (n=8, 5%) compared to the percentage of uninjected eyes that experienced an IOP increase (n=9, 6%). However, a greater number of anti-VEGF injections was associated with chronic IOP elevation (P=0.032). Other risk factors for chronic IOP elevation included diabetes, a lower baseline IOP, and a higher maximum IOP (P<0.05). Conclusions: A greater number of injections appears to increase the risk of chronic IOP elevation. Also, diabetics appear to be more at risk and may need more careful follow-up or preventive pharmacological treatment.
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HUI, KOU HSIAO, and 郭曉慧. "c-Fos expression in brain stem after direct endotoxin injection into the dorsal vagal complex of rat." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/60516468134549240843.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
口腔生物科學研究所
91
Inflammatory reactions against invaders in the body call upon cytokine molecules that elicit systemic responses, such as fever, fatigue, increased pain sensitivity and appetite loss, mediated by the central nervous system. For example, systematic invasion of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) , a bacterial endotaxin, produced severe pathological responses in host through the humoral actions of the immune factors (e.g. TNF-α, IL-1). The present study investigated whether the distribution and/or intensity of immunolabeling for Fos in the barin stem differ after imposition of endotoxin of variable doses. Vehicle (0.9% NaCl) or different doses of LPS (42 ng, 56 ng, 70 ng, 140 ng in 0.9% NaCl) were delivered directly into the DVC of adult male Wistar rat. In order to identify some of the molecular mechanisms that occur after a central nervous system injection, the immediate early gene encoding protein Fos was analysed by immunocytochemistry following unilateral (left) vehicle or LPS injection (controls or 30 min, 1h, 2h LPS post-injection). In the section of Interaural -4.80 mm，Bregma -13.80 mm, c-Fos proteins were induced in AP and bilateral NTS at 30 min post-LPS-injection (70 ng, 140 ng in 0.9% NaCl), massively expressed at 2 h post- LPS-injection. In the section of Interaural -0.80 mm, Bregma -9.80 mm, Fos proteins were induced in locus coeruleus, Nucleus Raphe Magnus and lateral superior olivary complex at post-LPS-injection more than control. These data indicated that LPS injection into the dosal vagal complex leads to a rapid and widespread induction of c-Fos. The alterations in immediate early gene (c-Fos proteins) expression reported here may be due to changes in neuronal activity by endotoxin.
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Chen, Yu-Shan, and 陳玉珊. "Differential changes of Fos-immunoreactivity at the central auditory system after single overdose salicylate injection in rats." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/26703974005958442622.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立交通大學
分子醫學與生物工程研究所
102
Tinnitus is a phantom perception of sound in the absence of external sound stimulation. It is the most prevalent disorder of hearing. Unfortunately, no effective cure is currently available because of its diverse causes and clinical presentations and its underlying neural mechanisms are still poorly understood. SS-induced rat is one of widely used tinnitus animal models. The SS-induced tinnitus was associated with over-activity in the central auditory pathways, e.g., auditory cortex. Whether the lower efferent relays (e.g. lateral superior olivary complex, LSO) are involved remains unclear. In this study, we used Fos-immunohistochemistry to map the over-active neurons at the auditory pathways following a single dose of SS injection. Specifically, we examined the cochlear nucleus (CN), superior olivary complex (SOC), inferior colliculus (IC), medial geniculate body (MGB) and auditory cortex (AC). Experimental rats (n = 12) received single of SS (250 mg/kg, i.p.). Rats were sacrificed at 2 hours after the injection. Standard Fos-immunohistochemical staining procedures were used for processing frozen sections (40 µm in thickness). Control rats received saline injections. Results showed that following the SS injection there was a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the number of Fos-stains at the LSO and AC. In contrast, only small number of IC neurons expressed Fos after SS injections. MGB neurons no expressed Fos after SS injections. Results of an increase of Fos-immunoreactivity at LSO and AC suggested that the pathogenesis of SS-induced tinnitus involves an alteration in the efferent mediated feedback systems such as AC and LSO. However, how AC and LSO neurons may change their activity in a temporal manner and the details of regulation mechanisms during the pathogenesis of SS-induced tinnitus would obviously require a time-lapse study in the future.
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Ho, Ren-Wen, and 何仁文. "Changes of lipid tear thickness after botulinum neurotoxin A injection in patients with blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/rb9r7c.
Full textAbstract:
碩士高雄醫學大學
臨床醫學研究所碩士班
106
The aim of this study was to investigate changes in the tear film lipid layer thickness (LLT) and aqueous tear production after botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT) injection in patients with benign essential blepharospasm (BEB) and hemifacial spasm (HFS). Eleven and six patients with BEB and HFS, respectively, who received BoNT injection were consecutively enrolled in this prospective study. The blepharospasm disability index (BSDI), blink pattern, dry eye symptoms, Schirmer test 1 findings, LLT, eyelid performance, and corneal integrity were evaluated before and after treatment. Both BEB and HSF patients experienced remarkable relief from spasms and ocular discomfort after BoNT injection. LLT, the partial blink rate, the snap-back time, the lid distraction distance, and lateral canthal laxity were significantly increased at 1 month after treatment. There were no significant changes in Schirmer test 1 findings and meibomian gland dropout. Our findings suggest that LLT, a decisive factor for tear film stability, significantly increases at 1 month after BoNT injection for BEB and HFS. A decrease in BSDI and an increase in the snap-back time may contribute to the increase in LLT; this mechanism is probably responsible for the relief from dryness after BoNT injection in patients with facial movement disorders.
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Tsai, Kuo-Teng, and 蔡國騰. "Numerical Simulation of Transient Cooling Effect with Wall Mass Injection after Backstep in High Temperature Turbulent Flow Field." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/8cc3dc.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
機械工程學系碩博士班
90
This study presents the numerical simulation of transient mixing process of the high temperature turbulent flow behind the backstep with low temperature wall mass injection, and compares with the experimental results of Yang et al.(2000). The turbulent governing equations are solved by a Control-Volume-based finite-difference method with power-law scheme and the well know turbulence model and its associate wall function to describe the turbulent structure. The velocity and pressure terms of momentum equations are solved by SIMPLE (Semi-Implicit Method for Pressure-Linked Equation) method. An orthogonal non-uniform staggered grids are used for the establishment of mesh grids. The parameters studied include inlet velocity (U0 = 10、20、30 m/s), inlet temperature (T0 = 150、200、300℃), and the wall injection rate(Q = 0.15、0.25、0.35 m3/min). Heat transfer and temperature analysis for steady and unsteady state with the constant height of the step. The flow field numerical calculations indicate that reattachment length Xr becomes shorter as the wall injection rate increases. The error of the reattachment length is about 7%~10% comparing with the experimental results of Yang et al.(2000). In recirculation zone, the horizontal velocity decreases and the vertical velocity increases because of the uniform wall injection. The turbulent characteristics show that the maximum turbulent intensity and Reynolds stress on any section is happened near the shear layer or the larger gradient of the velocity. In recirculaton zone, the turbulent intensity decreases as the wall injection increases. Downstream the reattachment point, the turbulent intensity increases as the wall injection increases. The analysis of the unsteady flow, the larger wall injection displays the faster and deeper change of the transient temperature curve in the same temperature. In the flow zone dominating by wall injection, the change of the transient temperature curves are similar with different wall injections. The initial stage of transient state, the cold air of the wall injection dominates the flow field, and the low temperature zone spreads to the lower wall. As the time increases, the high temperature air dominates the flow field, and the low temperature area becomes small, but the wall injection also dominates the recirculation zone that appears smaller change. In the steady state, the low temperature area spreads around the corner of the step becomes larger as the wall injection increases. Increasing the mainstream inlet temperature suppresses the cooling range of the wall injection.
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Chou, Chien-Chi, and 邱千綺. "The Evaluation of Spatial Width of Knee Joint after Intra-Articular Platelet Rich Plasma Injection by X-Ray Images." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/r26yxq.
Full textAbstract:
碩士義守大學
資訊工程學系
106
The application of platelet rich plasma (PRP) is commonly used in clinical, mainly because platelets in the blood contain a large number of growth factors, such as platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) and transforming growth factors (TGF-β), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and etc., can promote the proliferation of cartilage cells and repair cartilage defects. The main purpose of this study was to compare the variety of joint spatial width (JSW) between before and after treatment in patients with degenerative arthritis treated with high concentrations of platelet plasma. This study used retrospective experimental design with successfully collected 28 patients (40 knees) from January 2016 to December 2017 including knee radiographs of degenerative knee arthritis. PRP was injected to treat degenerative arthritis. There were 9 male and 19 female with average age 59.67±13.25 and 55.57±8.55 years, respectively. The JSW was estimated form an X-ray image by using region of interest (ROI) after boundary detection. According to the results of Logistic Regression decrease one cm in height and 1 kg in body weight, JSW grow 0.134 mm and 0.054 mm respectively(P=0.01 and P=0.03). The body height and body weight were influence the JSW after PRP treatment. The patients with lower body weight and height were the larger JSW after PRP treatment.
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Shyr, Yi-Ming, and 石逸民. "Effect on the Muscular Atrophy and Internal Bone Structure of Growing Rats after BTX Injection to Reduce Masticatory Muscle Activity." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/98841446090361684596.
Full textAbstract:
碩士臺北醫學大學
牙醫學系碩博士班
95
In this study, Botulinum Neurotoxin type A(Botox®, Allergan Inc.,Irvine, OCA, USA) was injected into growing rats’ temporalis muscle and masseter muscle to produce muscular atrophy and to reduce masticatory function. Observations of the muscular volume, skull & mandible bone mineral density, and mandibular cortical bone thickness at selected area were measured. Method: 60 Long-Evan rats 30 days after birth were divided randomly into 4 groups. Group I (Mb+Tn.s.)：Bilateral injection of Botox in masseter muscle. (Saline of equal amount injected into temporalis muscle). Group II (Mn.s.+Tb)： Bilateral injection of Botox in temporalis muscle. (Saline of equal amount injected into masseter muscle). Group III (Mb+Tb)： Bilateral injection of Botox in temporalis and masseter muscle. Group IV (Control) ：Bilateral injection of saline in temporalis and masseter muscle. All animals were given same food and water under same feeding environment for 45 days. After sacrifice, perfusion with Formalin was performed. Temporalis and masseter muscle were dissected and the volume of each msucle was measured. Bone mineral density of skull and mandible was scanned with DEXA (Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry). Furthermore, bone biopsies of right half of mandibles were prepared for cortical bone thickness observation. Result: Temporalis and masseter muscles injected with Botox were lower in volumetric measurements, compared with saline injected ones. Meanwhile, BTX injected temporalis muscle and masseter muscle reduced masticatory function, which alters the internal structure of the bone: lowered BMD and thinner cortical bone thickness in the experimental groups.
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Chien-MinHsueh and 薛建民. "Activation of microglia in the brain regions of tumor necrosis factor receptor-II knockout mice after intraperitoneal injection with lipopolysaccharide." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/95340767916104423836.
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Wang, Yun-Er, and 王雲娥. "The Influence of Physiotherapy after Anti-spastic BTX-A Injection on The Effectiveness of Motor Control in Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27162644806972088565.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
物理治療研究所
92
The purposes of the study were to 1) investigate the influence of physical therapy on the motor control in children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy after botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) injections; 2) develop and establish a standard protocol of physical therapy program (PT) for children after BTX-A injection. Fourteen children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy (2 to 8 years old) participated this study and were divided into three groups with three treatment conditions (immediate PT, delay PT and no PT). There were 2 month baseline phase before BTX-A injection. After BTX-A injection, PT treatment either started immediately, started delay 10 days or did not started at all. PT was provided to the children 3-4 times a week, for a total of 3 months. Outcome measures included passive range of motion (PROM), modified Ashworth scale, muscles strength and selective motor control (SMC), gait analysis and gross motor functional measure (GMFM). The outcomes were measured seven times: 3 during the baseline phase before BTX-A injection, one at 10 days after injection and then 3 at an interval of one month after injection. The results presented that there were significant decrease of muscle tone and increase in PROM in all groups (p<.05). Other functional status including SMC, gait scores and GMFM scores (p<.05) only improved in the groups of BTX-A injection plus PT intervention (immediate PT and delay PT) but not the no-PT group. The results demonstrated that PT was significant in improving the motor control in children with cerebral palsy after BTX-A injection. The content and concept of PT designed in this study could be used as a guideline for management of cerebral palsy after BTX-A injection. However, due to small sample size and a lack of randomization for grouping, the generalization of the results of the study should be cautious.
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Zhou, Xuan, and 周萱. "Lead nanowires fabricated by vacuum injection molding process with anodic aluminum oxide template and the analysis of their optical properties after sulfurization treatment." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/q4m5uq.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
機械工程系
107
In this study, lead sulfide(PbS) nanowires were fabricated with anodic aluminum oxide(AAO) by using vacuum injection molding and sulfurization processes. Using different types of electrolytes including sulfuric acid, oxalic acid and phosphoric acid, the varied anodic aluminum oxide(AAO) pore size can be controlled between 30 nm – 300 nm. The diameter of nanowires depends on the pore size of anodic aluminum oxide(AAO) template, and the nanowires with diameters of approximately 30, 100 and 300 nm were prepared for analyses. In order to investigate the effect of growth conditions for the fabrication of lead sulfide, the correlation between control variables (sulfurizing temperature and time) and the properties of lead sulfide was established. The morphology of AAO templates and nanowires were observed by Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscope(FE-SEM). The compositions of the nanowires with different sulfurization conditions were analyzed by Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS) and the crystal structure was identified by X-ray diffractometer(XRD) and Transmission Electron Microscopy(TEM). Furthermore, the absorption spectrum of lead sulfide nanowires were obtained by UV-VIS/NIR spectrophotometer. The results show that absorption peak shift as nanowires diameter change due to the quantum confinement effect.
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Stone, N. Craig. "Post injection rest in osteoarthritis of the knee : effect on pain relief and knee function after intra-articular corticosteroids, a prospective randomized controlled trial /." 2004.
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DU, YI-JHEN, and 杜宜蓁. "Improvement of field of production flow after the lean manufacturing method integrates the system simulation into injection molding machine assembly plant to receive the order." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/h2trtn.
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碩士國立虎尾科技大學
工業管理系工業工程與管理碩士班
106
The injection molding machine in Taiwan’s machinery industry is one of the major industries in export trade, but the current manufacturing method of injection molding machine industry in Taiwan still uses pre-production machine table to cope with industry’s order receiving production pattern. Therefore, it has become one of the important issues of injection molding machine industry how to shorten production cycle to achieve the real order receiving production pattern in face of industry 4.0. This research aims to apply lean manufacturing method to integrate system simulation to improve the field assembly procedure of injection molding machine to shorten the production cycle. With Taiwan’s injection molding machine assembly plant as the example, this research firstly used the Value Stream Mapping （VSM） in the lean manufacturing method to analyze and seek for the improvement goal and combined Production Cost to conduct the cooperative analysis. Afterwards, the simulation software was used to verify the difference in the time of company’s production flow before and after the improvement. Based on the research results, the assembly flow can be improved when the injection molding machine is used to assemble the product family machine table and the estimation model of development and assembly time-history of new products can be derived, which will be used as the reference basis of production field after the injection molding machine assembly plant receives the orders.
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Tsai, Sen-Wei, and 蔡森蔚. "Establishment a Muscle Atrophy Rat Animal Model Caused by Botulinum Toxin And Evaluation The Therapeutic Effects of Treadmill Exercise and Myostatin Propeptide in Neuromuscular Junction and Muscle Physiology after Intramuscular Botulinum Toxin Injection." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/54746132896260361343.
Full textAbstract:
博士國立中興大學
生命科學系所
101
Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A), a kind of botulinum toxin, is used for spasticity block recently. The mechanism of this drug is to block the secretion of pre-synaptic acetylcholine, thus makes muscle weakness. Botulinum toxin injection is usually performed in cerebral palsy to reduce spasticity. Treadmill training for cerebral palsy is a well-documented program. Although botulinum toxin injection and treadmill training have usually been used in combination, the effects of treadmill training in muscles after intramuscular botulinum toxin injection are not well established. We showed that after Botulinum toxin type A injection, treadmill training improved the sciatic functional index, the maximal contraction force of the gastrocnemius muscle, and the percentage of activated muscle fibers which was demonstrated by differences in amplitude and area of compound muscle action potential. Upregulation of GAP-43, IGF-1, Myo-D, Myf-5, myogenin, AChR subunits α and β were also found following treadmill running which may have contributed to enhanced recovery of gastrocnemius strength. In clinical practice, when considering the therapeutic strategies of combining these two treatments, clinicians should take this potential counteraction effect into consideration. Muscle atrophy is a common symptom associated with reduced skeletal muscle activity following bone fracture, trauma, ligament tear, inflammatory disease and nerve injury. To date, there are no pharmacological strategies for preventing or treating muscle atrophy. Myostatin is a potent inhibitor of skeletal muscle growth. Myostatin propeptide (MPro) is showed to improve muscle growth. However, the underlying mechanism of muscle atrophy attenuation effects of myostatin propeptide in atrophied muscles is not well established. We constructed both wild type MPro (MSPP) and mutant MPro construct (MSPPD75A) with resistance to proteinase. Using the C2C12 in vitro cell model and BoNT-induced muscle atrophy model, we evaluated the effects of myostatin propeptide gene therapy. We also observed changes in gene activation associated with neuromuscular junction, muscle and nerve. We showed that through MSPPD75A gene delivery, gastrocnemius muscle atrophy caused by botulinum toxin was attenuated. Through the delivery of either MSPP or MSPPD75A, the expressions of downstream proteins in ubiquitine-proteosome pathway Smad3 and MuRF1 were decreased, and the expressions of the muscle regulatory factors, IGF-1, GAP43, and acetylcholine receptors were increased. The data suggested that gene therapy may be a promising treatment for muscle atrophy. And the results could be used as basic knowledge for clinical rehabilitation, as a basis for developing treatment strategy of gene therapy.
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Fraser, Robert D. (Robert David). "Discitis after discography and chemonucleolysis." 1986. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09MD/09mdf842.pdf.
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Ramos, Diogo Dias. "Incidence of Endophthalmitis after intravitreal injections with and without prophylactic antibiotics." Master's thesis, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/119888.
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Ramos, Diogo Dias. "Incidence of Endophthalmitis after intravitreal injections with and without prophylactic antibiotics." Dissertação, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/119888.
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Wan, I.-lynn, and 萬怡伶. "Changes of auditory evoked potentials in conscious rats after daily salicylate injections." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/16620470440350133604.
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碩士國立成功大學
生理學研究所
96
Tinnitus is the most prevalent hearing disorder and patients affected seriously may even commit suicide. Its patho-physiological mechanisms remain obscure and there is no effective cure for tinnitus to this day. Over-doses of salicylate (SA) are well-known to induce tinnitus in humans and behavioral evidence suggested similar effects in animals. Here we aimed to understand the underlying mechanisms of tinnitus by studying changes in auditory evoked potential (AEP) in animals receiving tinnitus-inducing doses of SA. Adult rats, after chronic implantation of epidural low impedance electrodes at the auditory cortex and full recovery from surgery, AEPs were recorded in the conscious state and results were analyzed for possible changes within 3 hours after SA injections (250 mg/kg/day, i.p.) for 5 consecutive days. A variety of sounds were used to evoke auditory potentials, including single click, click trains and tone bursts of various frequencies. Response changes were rather consistent across the 5 days and across animals. Average AEP integrals in the post- stimulus 28 ms were taken as response measure to tone bursts or clicks after SA treatment and in addition signs of loudness recruitment. SA invariably increased the response amplitude of averaged AEP to all sounds tested (p<0.001) and simultaneously reduced their response thresholds. Results were interpreted to reflect mainly cortical components of the hyperacusis associated with the SA-induced tinnitus. The changes in AEP to narrow band signals like tones are more easily interpreted than to broad band signals like clicks. Our finding of elevated gains in the AEP response-level function is consistent with a higher frequency-band activation of the auditory descending pathways, arising likely after SA-suppression of hearing sensitivity at the lower brainstem.
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Chiang, Hao, and 姜昊. "Capsaicin-induced neuropathy: loss of cutaneous nerves and its functional consequences after multiple injections of capsaicin into the hindpaw of mice." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87943018359404206420.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
解剖學暨生物細胞學研究所
96
Environmental chemical pollutants and certain medication for chemotherapy are the inducers of toxic neuropathy, which affect the structure and functions of peripheral nerves. Most neurotoxins affect both large and small-diameter neurons, rendering confusion when trying to elucidate the specific effects on different types of neurons. Capsaicin (8-methyl-N-vanillyl-6-noneamide), the main ingredient in hot chili peppers, evoked the pungent sensation on subjects. Meanwhile, it could be applied topically to alleviate pain in patients with neuropathic pain. In this study, we asked whether repeated local injection of capsaicin could serve as a model of small-fiber neuropathy and how behavioral changes developed. 10 μl Capsaicin (1%) was injected daily into one side of the hindpaw of mice for 7 days; the other side was injected with vehicle solution. Using immunuhistochemistry, pan-neuronal marker protein gene product 9.5 (PGP9.5) (+) epidermal nerve density was reduced by 31%, peptidergic neuron marker calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) (+) nerve density by 60%, and substance P (SP) (+) nerve density by 97% after capsaicin treatment on post-injection day 7 (PID7). Accompanying with denervation of epidermis, animals with capsaicin treatment exhibited marked reduction of sensitivity to thermal and mechanical stimuli on PID7 compared with the contralateral side. Unmyelinated axons of medial plantar nerve showed signs of Wallerian-like degeneration under capsaicin treatment. To assess whether capsaicin-induced neuropathy could be reversed, capsaicin injection ceased at PID7. Animals were kept alive and their behaviors were evaluated weekly until PID42. On PID42, both mechanical and thermal responses returned to normal. However, there was difference in the pattern of skin reinnervation among epidermal nerves of different phenotypes. Epidermal nerve density of SP (+) nerve fibers was reduced by 78%, whereas PGP9.5 (+) and CGRP (+) nerve fibers nearly replenished on PID42. These findings provided a model of capsaicin-induced neuropathy and indicated different vulnerability to capsaicin among different types of epidermal nerves.