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Journal articles on the topic 'African wild dog'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2024

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1

Fanshawe, John H., Lory H. Frame, and Joshua R. Ginsberg. "The wild dog—Africa's vanishing carnivore." Oryx 25, no. 3 (July 1991): 137–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605300034165.

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This paper presents a synopsis of the current status and distribution of the African wild dog Lycaon pictus, outlines reasons for its decline and discusses recommendations to halt or reverse this decline. A recent review of the status of the species provides evidence that it has disappeared or is in decline throughout its range (sub-Saharan Africa). Relict populations with little or no chance of long-term survival are found in several countries including Algeria and Senegal. Countries believed to contain potentially viable populations are, from north to south, Kenya, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Botswana, and South Africa (only the Kruger National Park).

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2

Woodroffe, Rosie. "The African wild dog ? conservation planning for Southern Africa." Oryx 32, no. 1 (January 1998): 13–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3008.1998.00011.x.

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3

Woodroffe, Rosie, and Joshua R. Ginsberg. "Conserving the African wild dog Lycaon pictus. II. Is there a role for reintroduction?" Oryx 33, no. 2 (April 1999): 143–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3008.1999.00053.x.

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AbstractAfrican wild dogs Lycaon pictus have been extirpated across most of West and central Africa, and greatly depleted in eastern and southern Africa. Given an urgent need for population recovery, especially in West and central Africa, this paper discusses the possibilities for using reintroduction to re-establish wild dog populations. Reintroduction is probably now technically possible, as long as release groups include wildcaught animals; several past attempts failed because captive-reared animals lacked skills needed to survive in the wild. However, reintroduction has only a limited role to play in wild dog conservation. Ideally, it should involve animals of the appropriate local genotype. Limited genetic data indicate that wild dogs from West and central Africa may be distinct from those in eastern and southern Africa. Because there are no wild dogs with West or central African genotypes in captivity, and no wild populations in the region large enough to be harvested for translocation, future reintroductions might have to use animals with non-native genotypes. In addition, there appear to be no suitable sites for wild dog reintroduction in West or central Africa, and few in eastern and southern Africa. Releases currently planned in the Republic of South Africa will be locally valuable, but will not establish a population likely to remain viable without intensive management in perpetuity. For these reasons, protecting remaining wild dog populations currently represents a better investment than any attempt at reintroduction.

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4

Stankowich, Theodore. "The African Wild Dog: Behavior, Ecology, and Conservation." Ethology 109, no. 7 (July 2003): 615–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0310.2003.00893.x.

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5

Robbins, Robert L., and E. Kim McCreery. "Dominant female cannibalism in the African wild dog." African Journal of Ecology 38, no. 1 (March 2000): 91–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2028.2000.00201.x.

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Cozzi, Gabriele, Dominik M. Behr, Hugh S. Webster, Megan Claase, Caleb M. Bryce, Boitshepho Modise, John W. Mcnutt, and Arpat Ozgul. "African Wild Dog Dispersal and Implications for Management." Journal of Wildlife Management 84, no. 4 (February 21, 2020): 614–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21841.

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7

Itambu, Makarius P. "Endangered African Wild Dogs: Ecological Disturbances, Habitat Fragmentations, and Ecosystem Collapse in Sub-Saharan Africa." Tanzania Zamani: A Journal of Historical Research and Writing 13, no. 1 (December 31, 2021): 171–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.56279/tza20211316.

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The African wild dog (Lycaon pictus) is among the species that have declined to the point where it is now listed as endangered by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN, 2012). Formerly, the African wild dog population was estimated to span 39 African countries, but today, they have disappeared from much of their former habitats, now occupying just 7% of their former geographic range. They are presently found in only 14 countries primarily in the southern part of the continent, including South Africa, Tanzania, Kenya, Zimbabwe, Namibia, and Botswana. The largest populations are presently found in northern Botswana, the Selous Game Reserve in Tanzania, and in Kruger National Park in South Africa. In East Africa, the largest population is found in Tanzania and Kenya in the Serengeti-Maasai-Mara ecosystems and in the Selous Game Reserve. The current, global population is estimated to be between 3000-5000 which is comprised of less than 1400 mature individuals. Methodically, this study deeply underscored these data from critical library research i.e., archival sources, books and articles, and other published literatures across the globe which are pertinent to this research topic.

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8

Flacke, G., P. Becker, D. Cooper, M. Szykman Gunther, I. Robertson, C. Holyoake, R. Donaldson, and K. Warren. "An Infectious Disease and Mortality Survey in a Population of Free-Ranging African Wild Dogs and Sympatric Domestic Dogs." International Journal of Biodiversity 2013 (March 31, 2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/497623.

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Disease can cause declines in wildlife populations and significantly threaten their survival. Recent expansion of human and domestic animal populations has made wildlife more susceptible to transmission of pathogens from domestic animal hosts. We conducted a pathogen surveillance and mortality survey for the population of African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus) in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), South Africa, from January 2006–February 2007. Samples were obtained from 24 wild dogs for canine distemper virus (CDV) and canine parvovirus (CPV) serological testing. Data were collected on the presence of CDV, CPV, and rabies virus in the KZN domestic dog (Canis familiaris) population from 2004–06. The presence of these pathogens was confirmed in domestic dogs throughout KZN. Wild dogs exhibited 0% and 4.2% prevalence for CDV and CPV antibodies, respectively. In 2006 the largest wild dog pack in KZN was reduced from 26 individuals to a single animal; disease due to rabies virus was considered the most probable cause. This study provides evidence that CDV, CPV and rabies are potential threats to African wild dog conservation in KZN. The most economical and practical way to protect wild dogs from canine pathogens may be via vaccination of sympatric domestic dogs; however, such programmes are currently limited.

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9

Cho, H. S., and N. Y. Park. "Endometrial Polyp in an African Wild Dog (Lycaon pictus)." Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A 53, no. 9 (November 2006): 464–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0442.2006.00873.x.

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10

Woodroffe, Rosie, Kayna Chapman, and Evans Lemusana. "Solitary breeding in an African wild dog (Lycaon pictus)." African Journal of Ecology 47, no. 4 (December 2009): 790–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2028.2008.00979.x.

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11

Woodroffe, Rosie, and Joshua R. Ginsberg. "Conserving the African wild dog Lycaon pictus. I. Diagnosing and treating causes of decline." Oryx 33, no. 2 (April 1999): 132–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3008.1999.00052.x.

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AbstractThe African wild dog Lycaon pictus has declined dramatically over the past 30 years. Formerly distributed throughout sub-Saharan Africa, today c. 5000 wild dogs remain in total, mostly in southern and eastern Africa. Wild dogs' decline reflects the expansion of human populations and the associated fragmentation of habitat available to wildlife. Because wild dogs live at very low densities, even ‘fragments’ covering thousands of square kilometres may not support viable populations. Furthermore, packs often range beyond the borders of reserves, so even nominally protected populations are often subject to persecution, road accidents, snaring and disease contracted from domestic dogs. Such edge effects mean that reserves smaller than c. 10,000 sq km will provide only incomplete protection. The highest priority for wild dog conservation, therefore, is to maintain and promote the contiguity of areas available to wildlife. Establishing cross-border parks and buffer zones, and encouraging game ranching on reserve borders, will all be beneficial. In smaller areas, protecting wild dogs requires that edge effects be mitigated by: (i) working with local farmers to limit persecution; (ii) controlling snaring; (iii) routing roads carrying high-speed traffic away from wildlife areas; and (iv) minimizing contact between wildlife and domestic dogs. Most of these measures will also benefit other wildlife.

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12

Jackson, Craig R., J. Weldon McNutt, and Peter J. Apps. "Managing the ranging behaviour of African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus) using translocated scent marks." Wildlife Research 39, no. 1 (2012): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr11070.

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Context Conflict between large carnivores and livestock outside the boundaries of wildlife areas frequently results in losses to both livestock and predator populations. The endangered African wild dog (Lycaon pictus Temminck, 1820) is wide ranging and unrestricted by conventional fences, thereby posing a major challenge to conservation managers. Wild dogs are territorial and communicate residence using scent marks. Simulating the presence of other wild dogs using translocated foreign scent marks may therefore represent a means to manage wild dog ranging behaviour. Aims To investigate the effectiveness of using targeted scent-mark deployments to signal a wild dog pack to return to their frequented range within the safety of a protected area. Methods We report on the ranging behaviour of a wild dog pack reintroduced into a wildlife area in Botswana with no recent history of resident wild dogs. We describe daily movements by the free-ranging introduced pack and compare these to moves following targeted deployment of scent marks when the wild dog pack had ranged close to or outside the boundaries of the protected area. Key results Targeted foreign scent-mark exposure resulted in the pack moving closer to the geometric centre of its range. The mean distance travelled the day after exposure was significantly greater than the distance travelled the previous day and the mean daily distance moved during the study period. Conclusions Targeted exposure to foreign scent marks proved to be a viable alternative to recapturing dogs that had ranged beyond the boundaries of the wildlife area. Implications This novel approach to managing free-ranging carnivores utilises biologically relevant signals and holds potential not only for the conservation of African wild dogs, but also for other territorial species.

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13

Robbins, Robert L., and E. Kim McCreery. "Acoustic stimulation as a tool in African wild dog conservation." Biological Conservation 111, no. 2 (June 2003): 263–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3207(02)00294-x.

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14

Yravedra, J., M. Andrés, and M. Domínguez-Rodrigo. "A taphonomic study of the African wild dog (Lycaon pictus)." Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences 6, no. 2 (November 15, 2013): 113–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12520-013-0164-1.

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15

Woodroffe, Rosie. "Demography of a recovering African wild dog (Lycaon pictus) population." Journal of Mammalogy 92, no. 2 (April 15, 2011): 305–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1644/10-mamm-a-157.1.

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16

van de Bildt, Marco W. G. "Distemper Outbreak and Its Effect on African Wild Dog Conservation." Emerging Infectious Diseases 8, no. 2 (February 2002): 212–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid0802.010314.

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17

Woodroffe, Rosie, Harriet Davies-Mostert, Joshua Ginsberg, Jan Graf, Kellie Leigh, Kim McCreery, Robert Robbins, et al. "Rates and causes of mortality in Endangered African wild dogs Lycaon pictus: lessons for management and monitoring." Oryx 41, no. 2 (April 2007): 215–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605307001809.

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AbstractEffective species conservation depends upon correctly identifying the threats that cause decline or hinder recovery. Because estimates of the relative viability of different populations of Endangered African wild dogs Lycaon pictus are most strongly influenced by adult and pup mortality, we analysed rates and causes of mortality in eight wild dog populations under study in southern and eastern Africa. The probabilities of detecting wild dog deaths were influenced by the monitoring methods used. The least biased estimates of mortality causes were obtained through intensive monitoring of radio-collared individuals; this is impossible for pups, however. Mortality patterns varied substantially between populations. Rates of human-caused mortality were higher for wild dogs radio-collared outside protected areas than for those collared inside, but rates of natural mortality were comparable, suggesting that anthropogenic mortality is additive to natural mortality. The relative importance of factors such as snaring and infectious disease also varied regionally. Hence, although our analyses identified no new threats beyond those highlighted in a 1997 range-wide Action Plan, they suggest that local plans will be valuable to target conservation activities more precisely.

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18

Woodroffe, Rosie. "Assessing the risks of intervention: immobilization, radio-collaring and vaccination of African wild dogs." Oryx 35, no. 3 (July 2001): 234–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3008.2001.00186.x.

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AbstractControversy has surrounded the role of intervention in studies of African wild dogs Lycaon pictus. Following the death or disappearance of all wild dogs under study in the Serengeti ecosystem, it was suggested that immobilization, radio-collaring or administration of rabies vaccines might have caused high mortality by compromising wild dogs′ immune response to rabies virus. Planning future management and research on wild dogs and other species demands an assessment of the risks associated with such intervention. This paper critically reviews the available evidence and concludes that it is extremely unlikely that intervention contributed to the extinction of wild dogs in the Serengeti ecosystem. A more likely scenario is that vaccination failed to protect wild dogs exposed to rabies virus. Radio-collaring is an important component of wild dog research; hence, the benefits of immobilization appear to outweigh the risks, as long as (i) research is orientated towards wild dog conservation, (ii) radiocollaring is followed up by efficient monitoring, (iii) the number of animals immobilized is kept to the minimum necessary to maintain scientific rigour, and (iv) full data on disease and genetics are collected from all immobilized animals. By contrast, rabies vaccination currently seems to confer few benefits, at least when a single dose of vaccine is given. Further research, on captive animals, is in progress to establish more effective protocols, and to assess the role that vaccination might play in future management of wild dog populations.

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19

Strampelli, Paolo, Philipp Henschel, Charlotte E. Searle, David W. Macdonald, and Amy J. Dickman. "Spatial co-occurrence patterns of sympatric large carnivores in a multi-use African system." PLOS ONE 18, no. 1 (January 20, 2023): e0280420. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0280420.

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Interspecific interactions can be a key driver of habitat use, and must be accounted for in conservation planning. However, spatial partitioning between African carnivores, and how this varies with scale, remains poorly understood. Furthermore, most studies have taken place within small or highly protected areas, rather than in the heterogeneous, mixed-use landscapes characteristic of much of modern Africa. Here, we provide one of the first empirical investigations into population-level competitive interactions among an African large carnivore guild. We collected detection/non-detection data for an eastern African large carnivore guild in Tanzania’s Ruaha-Rungwa conservation landscape, over an area of ~45,000 km2. We then applied conditional co-occupancy models to investigate co-occurrence between lion, leopard, and African wild dog, at two biologically meaningful scales. Co-occurrence patterns of cheetah and spotted hyaena could not be modelled. After accounting for habitat and detection effects, we found some evidence of wild dog avoidance of lion at the home range scale, and strong evidence of fine-scale avoidance. We found no evidence of interspecific exclusion of leopard by lion; rather, positive associations were observed at both scales, suggesting shared habitat preferences. We found little evidence of leopard habitat use being affected by wild dog. Our findings also reveal some interspecific effects on species detection, at both scales. In most cases, habitat use was driven more strongly by other habitat effects, such as biotic resources or anthropogenic pressures, than by interspecific pressures, even where evidence of the latter was present. Overall, our results help shed light on interspecific effects within an assemblage that has rarely been examined at this scale. We also demonstrate the effectiveness of sign-based co-occurrence modelling to describe interspecific spatial patterns of sympatric large carnivores across large scales. We conclude by discussing the implications of our findings for large carnivore conservation in modern African systems.

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Monterroso, Pedro, Filipe Rocha, Stefan van Wyk, Telmo António, Milcíades Chicomo, Selma Kosmas, Fernanda Lages, Ezequiel Fabiano, and Raquel Godinho. "Updated ranges of the Vulnerable cheetah and Endangered African wild dog in Angola." Oryx 54, no. 6 (February 12, 2020): 851–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605319000966.

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AbstractThe civil unrest that ravaged Angola for nearly 30 years took a heavy toll on the country's wildlife, and led to a lengthy absence of reliable information for many threatened species, including the cheetah Acinonyx jubatus and African wild dog Lycaon pictus. Using camera trapping we assessed the status of these two species in two areas of southern Angola, and complemented our findings by reviewing recent survey reports and observations to provide an update on the species' status. We found unequivocal evidence that African wild dogs are resident and reproducing in Bicuar National Park, where cheetahs appear to be absent. Conversely, cheetahs may be resident in western Cuando Cubango province, where African wild dogs may only be transient. Based on these and other recent records in Angola, we recommend a revision of these species' distribution ranges and note the need for monitoring of these remnant populations and for appropriate attention to any threats.

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McAloose, Denise, Matthew Raske, Robert Moore, and Carlos E. Rodriguez. "MULTILOBULAR TUMOR OF BONE IN AN AFRICAN WILD DOG (LYCAON PICTUS)." Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 43, no. 4 (December 14, 2012): 950–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1638/2012-0068r.1.

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22

M. K., Marichelvam, and Geetha M. "SOLVING FLOWSHOP SCHEDULING PROBLEMS USING A DISCRETE AFRICAN WILD DOG ALGORITHM." ICTACT Journal on Soft Computing 03, no. 03 (April 1, 2013): 555–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21917/ijsc.2013.0082.

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23

Reading, Richard P., Botilo Tshimologo, and Glyn Maude. "Coprophagy of African Wild Dog faeces by Hooded Vultures in Botswana." Vulture News 72, no. 1 (March 29, 2018): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/vulnew.v72i1.5.

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24

Prager, K. C., R. Woodroffe, A. Cameron, and D. T. Haydon. "Vaccination strategies to conserve the endangered African wild dog (Lycaon pictus)." Biological Conservation 144, no. 7 (July 2011): 1940–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2011.03.025.

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25

Pomilia, Matthew A., J. Weldon McNutt, and Neil R. Jordan. "Ecological predictors of African wild dog ranging patterns in northern Botswana." Journal of Mammalogy 96, no. 6 (August 19, 2015): 1214–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyv130.

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26

Chengetanai, Samson, Adhil Bhagwandin, Mads F. Bertelsen, Therese Hård, Patrick R. Hof, Muhammad A. Spocter, and Paul R. Manger. "The brain of the African wild dog. III . The auditory system." Journal of Comparative Neurology 528, no. 18 (August 19, 2020): 3229–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cne.24989.

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Chengetanai, Samson, Jonathan D. Tenley, Mads F. Bertelsen, Therese Hård, Adhil Bhagwandin, Mark Haagensen, Cheuk Y. Tang, et al. "Brain of the African wild dog. I. Anatomy, architecture, and volumetrics." Journal of Comparative Neurology 528, no. 18 (September 2, 2020): 3245–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cne.24999.

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Chengetanai, Samson, Adhil Bhagwandin, Mads F. Bertelsen, Therese Hård, Patrick R. Hof, Muhammad A. Spocter, and Paul R. Manger. "The brain of the African wild dog. IV . The visual system." Journal of Comparative Neurology 528, no. 18 (September 18, 2020): 3262–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cne.25000.

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Chengetanai, Samson, Adhil Bhagwandin, Mads F. Bertelsen, Therese Hård, Patrick R. Hof, Muhammad A. Spocter, and Paul R. Manger. "The brain of the African wild dog. II . The olfactory system." Journal of Comparative Neurology 528, no. 18 (September 13, 2020): 3285–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cne.25007.

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30

Fanshawe, John H., and Clare D. Fitzgibbon. "Factors influencing the hunting success of an African wild dog pack." Animal Behaviour 45, no. 3 (March 1993): 479–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/anbe.1993.1059.

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31

Robbins, Robert, and E. Kim McCreery. "African wild dog pup vocalizations with special reference to Morton's model." Behaviour 140, no. 3 (2003): 333–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853903321826666.

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AbstractAfrican wild dog (Lycaon pictus) pup vocalizations were studied in Hwange National Park, Zimbabwe for weeks 3 through 7 of the socialization period. Here we present the vocal repertoire, including the use of repetitive and mixed sounds, and investigate the extent to which the emerging sound system of Lycaon conforms to predicted design features of Morton's (MS) motivation-structural rules. Features of the pup sound system are highlighted by comparison with adults and other social canids. Data were collected at three den sites (litter sizes: 8, 8, and 9) of two study packs. A total of 1903 vocalizations were classified, and eight vocal classes and seven subclasses were identified. Although all sounds identified persist into adulthood, observations indicate a delayed onset in some vocal classes, including both the lowest (i.e. rumbles) and highest (i.e. twitters) frequency sounds. As predicted by the (MS) model, pups invested heavily in high frequency, harmonic care/social soliciting sounds (91%, N = 1586 unmixed vocalizations), however, no clear association between acoustic structure and sound repetition was found. Significantly more repetition was heard in all vocal classes with the exception of moans and barks. Intra-pack aggression is generally muted in this obligate social carnivore suggesting that repetition may be a low cost strategy to induce social outcomes and obtain food. The patterning of mixed vocalizations (N = 317) was consistent with the (MS) model. Given the high degree of cooperation necessary for individual survival, the predominant use of cross-mixed sounds may serve to minimize conflict as pups begin to form relationships with littermates and adults. Noisy/noisy sounds were exceptionally rare. Comparative data suggest a relationship between the early patterning of mixed sounds and species-specific social organization in canids.

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Lyamuya, Richard D., Emmanuel H. Masenga, Robert D. Fyumagwa, Machoke N. Mwita, Craig R. Jackson, and Eivin Roskaft. "A Historical Perspective of the Maasai - African Wild Dog Conflict in the Serengeti Ecosystem." Environment and Natural Resources Research 6, no. 2 (March 22, 2016): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/enrr.v6n2p42.

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<p class="1Body">This study discusses the conflict between Maasai pastoralists and African wild dogs (<em>Lycaon pictus) </em>over livestock before and after the Maasai were evicted from the Serengeti National Park (SNP) in 1959. We surveyed 181 randomly selected households from six villages in the eastern Serengeti ecosystem. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to acquire the required information from the respondents. We found that males had a greater awareness of local wild dog presence and livestock-derived conflict than females, and reported more frequently to have chased and killed wild dogs that attacked their livestock. Moreover, the conflict existed before 1959, decreased during the 1990s, but increased from 2000 onwards. This increase is attributed to the growth in human, livestock and wild dog populations in the area. This study recommends that to foster their coexistence, the continued escalation in livestock numbers needs to cease while simultaneously protecting the region’s wild prey populations.</p>

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Masenga, Emmanuel H., Richard D. Lyamuya, Mjingo E. Eblate, Robert D. Fyumagwa, and Eivin Roskaft. "Community Opinions about African Wild Dog Conservation and Relocations near the Serengeti National Park, Tanzania." Environment and Natural Resources Research 6, no. 4 (October 24, 2016): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/enrr.v6n4p51.

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Conservation of the African wild dog (Lycaon pictus) in human-dominated landscapes faces many challenges. Understanding human opinions of wild dog conservation is important to inform management decisions. Questionnaire surveys, including both open and closed-ended questions, were administered by researchers through face-to-face interviews of 297 respondents in the eastern part of the Serengeti ecosystem between January and February 2012. Our results indicated that most local people believed that wild dogs were extinct in the Serengeti ecosystem. According to the local people, wild dogs should have a high conservation priority. Moreover, tribe and gender are important demographic variables that explain the negative or positive perceptions ofattempts to relocate wild dogs from the Loliondo Game Controlled Area to the Serengeti National Park (SNP). We conclude that future conservation interventions should focus on the interface between community knowledge and modern conservation science.

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Lindsey, Peter A., Robert R. Alexander, Johan T. du Toit, and M. G. L. Mills. "The potential contribution of ecotourism to African wild dog Lycaon pictus conservation in South Africa." Biological Conservation 123, no. 3 (June 2005): 339–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2004.12.002.

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35

Scharis, Inger, Gregory S. A. Rasmussen, and Matthias Laska. "Using morphometrics to quantitatively differentiate African wild dog footprints from domestic dog footprints - a pilot study." African Journal of Ecology 54, no. 1 (February 16, 2015): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/aje.12217.

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36

Vogel, John T., Michael J. Somers, and Jan A. Venter. "The foraging ecology of reintroduced African wild dog in small protected areas." Wildlife Biology 2018, no. 1 (January 2018): wlb.00424. http://dx.doi.org/10.2981/wlb.00424.

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37

Davies-Mostert, Harriet T., Michael G. L. Mills, and David W. Macdonald. "The Demography and Dynamics of an Expanding, Managed African Wild Dog Metapopulation." African Journal of Wildlife Research 45, no. 2 (September 2015): 258–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3957/056.045.0258.

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38

Ginsberg, J. R., K. A. Alexander, S. Creel, P. W. Kat, J. W. Mcnutt, and M. G. L. Mills. "Handling and Survivorship of African Wild Dog (Lycaon pictus) in Five Ecosystems." Conservation Biology 9, no. 3 (June 1995): 665–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.1995.09030665.x.

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39

Girman, D. J., P. W. Kat, M. G. L. Mills, J. R. Ginsberg, M. Borner, V. Wilson, J. H. Fanshawe, C. Fitzgibbon, L. M. Lau, and R. K. Wayne. "Molecular Genetic and Morphological Analyses of the African Wild Dog (Lycaon pictus)." Journal of Heredity 84, no. 6 (November 1993): 450–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a111371.

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40

Courchamp, Franck, and David W. Macdonald. "Crucial importance of pack size in the African wild dog Lycaon pictus." Animal Conservation 4, no. 2 (May 2001): 169–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1367943001001196.

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41

Woodroffe, R. "Ranging behaviour of African wild dog packs in a human-dominated landscape." Journal of Zoology 283, no. 2 (September 6, 2010): 88–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.2010.00747.x.

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Jackson, Craig R., Emmanuel H. Masenga, Ernest E. Mjingo, Andrew B. Davies, Frode Fossøy, Robert D. Fyumagwa, Eivin Røskaft, and Roel F. May. "No evidence of handling‐induced mortality in Serengeti's African wild dog population." Ecology and Evolution 9, no. 3 (December 26, 2018): 1110–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4798.

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Steenkamp, Gerhard, and Cecilia Gorrel. "Oral and Dental Conditions in Adult African Wild Dog Skulls: A Preliminary Report." Journal of Veterinary Dentistry 16, no. 2 (June 1999): 65–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089875649901600201.

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Courchamp, Franck, Tim Clutton-Brock, and Bryan Grenfell. "Multipack dynamics and the Allee effect in the African wild dog, Lycaon pictus." Animal Conservation 3, no. 4 (November 2000): 277–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-1795.2000.tb00113.x.

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van der Meer, Esther, Jealous Mpofu, Gregory S. A. Rasmussen, and Hervé Fritz. "Characteristics of African wild dog natal dens selected under different interspecific predation pressures." Mammalian Biology 78, no. 5 (September 2013): 336–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mambio.2013.04.006.

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Hansen, K. Whitney, Neil R. Jordan, Megan J. Claase, Justin P. Suraci, John W. McNutt, Aanya Dhruv, and Christopher C. Wilmers. "Experimental modification of African wild dog movement and behavior using translocated conspecific scent." Biological Conservation 294 (June 2024): 110645. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2024.110645.

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Krag, Charlotte, Linnea Worsøe Havmøller, Lourens Swanepoel, Gigi Van Zyl, Peter Rask Møller, and Rasmus Worsøe Havmøller. "Impact of artificial waterholes on temporal partitioning in a carnivore guild: a comparison of activity patterns at artificial waterholes to roads and trails." PeerJ 11 (May 3, 2023): e15253. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15253.

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Abstract:

Temporal partitioning in large carnivores have previously been found to be one of the main factors enabling co-existence. While activity patterns have been investigated separately at artificial waterholes and e.g., game trails, simultaneous comparative analyses of activity patterns at artificial waterholes and game trails have not been attempted. In this study, camera trap data from Maremani Nature Reserve was used to investigate whether temporal partitioning existed in a carnivore guild of four species (spotted hyena, leopard, brown hyena and African wild dog). Specifically, we investigated temporal partitioning at artificial waterholes and on roads and trails an average of 1,412 m away from an artificial waterhole. Activity patterns for the same species at artificial waterholes and roads/game trails were also compared. We found no significant differences in temporal activity between species at artificial waterholes. Temporal partitioning on game trails and roads was only found between spotted hyena (nocturnal) and African wild dog (crepuscular). Between nocturnal species (spotted hyena and leopard) no temporal partitioning was exhibited. Only African wild dog exhibited significantly different activity patterns at waterholes and roads/game trails. This indicates artificial waterholes may be a location for conflict in a carnivore guild. Our study highlights the impact of anthropogenic landscape changes and management decisions on the temporal axis of carnivores. More data on activity patterns at natural water sources such as ephemeral pans are needed to properly assess the effect of artificial waterholes on temporal partitioning in a carnivore guild.

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Hartstone-Rose, Adam, Lars Werdelin, Darryl J. De Ruiter, Lee R. Berger, and Steven E. Churchill. "The Plio-Pleistocene ancestor of wild dogs, Lycaon sekowei n. sp." Journal of Paleontology 84, no. 2 (March 2010): 299–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/09-124.1.

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African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus) occupy an ecological niche characterized by hypercarnivory and cursorial hunting. Previous interpretations drawn from a limited, mostly Eurasian fossil record suggest that the evolutionary shift to cursorial hunting preceded the emergence of hypercarnivory in the Lycaon lineage. Here we describe 1.9—1.0 ma fossils from two South African sites representing a putative ancestor of the wild dog. the holotype is a nearly complete maxilla from Coopers Cave, and another specimen tentatively assigned to the new taxon, from Gladysvale, is the most nearly complete mammalian skeleton ever described from the Sterkfontein Valley, Gauteng, South Africa. the canid represented by these fossils is larger and more robust than are any of the other fossil or extant sub-Saharan canids. Unlike other purported L. pictus ancestors, it has distinct accessory cusps on its premolars and anterior accessory cuspids on its lower premolars—a trait unique to Lycaon among living canids. However, another hallmark autapomorphy of L. pictus, the tetradactyl manus, is not found in the new species; the Gladysvale skeleton includes a large first metacarpal. Thus, the anatomy of this new early member of the Lycaon branch suggests that, contrary to previous hypotheses, dietary specialization appears to have preceded cursorial hunting in the evolution of the Lycaon lineage. We assign these specimens to the taxon Lycaon sekowei n. sp.

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Bucci, Melanie E., Kerry L. Nicholson, and Paul R. Krausman. "Lycaon pictus (Carnivora: Canidae)." Mammalian Species 54, no. 1017 (April 1, 2022): 220–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mspecies/seac002.

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Abstract Lycaon pictus (Temminck, 1820), the African wild dog, is a moderately sized carnivore with dog-like appearance and irregularly mottled black, yellow-brown, and white pelage. It has a head–body length of 76–112 cm, tail length of 30–41 cm, shoulder height of 61–78 cm, and body weight of 17–36 kg. Lycaon pictus has four toes on each foot, differentiating it from other canids; is the only extant species within the genus with no subspecies; and is unlikely to be confused with any other canid. Lycaon pictus was once widespread throughout sub-Saharan Africa inhabiting nearly all environments and now inhabits grasslands, montane savanna, and open woodlands. Lycaon pictus is recognized as “Endangered” (EN) by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the International Union for Conservation of Nature.

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van der Meer, Esther, Hervé Fritz, Peter Blinston, and Gregory S. A. Rasmussen. "Ecological trap in the buffer zone of a protected area: effects of indirect anthropogenic mortality on the African wild dog Lycaon pictus." Oryx 48, no. 2 (August 2, 2013): 285–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605312001366.

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AbstractBecause of the large home range requirements of wide-ranging carnivores, protected areas are often too small to maintain large populations. Consequently these carnivores regularly move outside protected areas, where they are likely to be exposed to anthropogenic mortality. We used data from 15 packs of radio-collared African wild dogs Lycaon pictus to examine the level of anthropogenic mortality African wild dogs experience around Hwange National Park, Zimbabwe, and tried to determine whether the buffer zone outside the Park acts as an ‘ecological trap’. Over time, study packs moved their territories closer to or beyond the Park border. With the movement of territories into the buffer zone outside the Park, African wild dogs experienced an increasing level of anthropogenic mortality. Although larger litters were born outside the Park, mortality exceeded natality. Densities of the African wild dog in the study area were low and territories for given pack sizes were smaller outside the Park. Hence, the movement of packs outside the Park does not appear to be density related and the buffer zone is therefore unlikely to function as a classic sink. Favourable ecological conditions indicate that the buffer zone outside the Park is likely to serve as an ecological trap, with fitness-enhancing factors attracting African wild dogs outside the Park, where they are incapable of perceiving the higher mortality risk associated with mostly indirect anthropogenic causes. As far as we know this is one of the first studies describing an ecological trap for mammals.

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