Relevant bibliographies by topics / African troops

Academic literature on the topic 'African troops'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "African troops"

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Kleynhans, Evert, and Will Gordon. "Springbok Escapers and Evaders in the Western Desert, 1941–1942." Journal of African Military History 6, no. 1 (June 16, 2022): 33–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24680966-bja10011.

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Abstract During the Second World War, between 1941 and 1942, a large number of South African troops were made prisoners of war (POW) by the Axis forces in the Western Desert. These troops were first interned in POW transit camps in North Africa, before being shipped to more permanent camps in Italy and later Germany. A large number of the South African captives decided to accept their newfound fates and make their internment as ‘pleasant’ as possible. However, a small nucleus of South African servicemen either tried to evade capture altogether, or, when captured, actively tried to escape. The first large scale attempts of escape and evasion by South African servicemen therefore occurred in North Africa between 1941 and 1942. This article provides an exploratory investigation into the varied experiences of the South African soldiers that either evaded capture altogether or escaped from internment in North Africa.
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Coates, Oliver. "Between Image and Erasure." Radical History Review 2018, no. 132 (October 1, 2018): 200–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/01636545-6942513.

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Abstract Approximately 73,290 West Africans traveled to South Asia during World War II, but relatively little is known about their activities on the subcontinent. The photographs of African soldiers in India published in the British Army’s RWAFF News, a Bombay-printed newspaper specifically designed for West African troops overseas, provide a rare and little-known insight into the lives of African soldiers in India. Existing accounts of African military service in India often outline the soldiers’ experience of India in only very general terms and typically privilege the combat experience of troops in Burma. The images described in this brief article reveal a very different face of African overseas military service: they depict a group of soldiers visiting the Taj Mahal and encountering the Mughal monument. Although published and choreographed by the British, these images reflect a moment of South-South encounter between West Africans and India’s Islamic history.
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Passmore, Timothy JA, Megan Shannon, and Andrew F. Hart. "Rallying the troops." Journal of Peace Research 55, no. 3 (October 31, 2017): 366–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022343317731152.

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Is the acquisition of personnel for UN peacekeeping missions susceptible to free-riding by UN member states? If so, what drives this behavior and what impact does this have on obtaining required personnel for the mission? Using data from 21 missions in 13 African countries between 1990 and 2010, this article addresses whether UN peacekeeping missions experience a shortfall in personnel due to incentives to free-ride by contributing states. It argues that as the number of states contributing to a mission increases, contributors have a greater incentive to free-ride and make suboptimal personnel contributions, leading to greater overall shortfall in the mission’s personnel. However, this free-riding behavior can be mitigated by the economic incentives of contributor states. The findings support two central tenets of collective action theory: that free-riding by member states contributing to the mission is more prevalent when the number of contributors is larger, and when selective incentives such as economic gains are lower. These findings have implications for the strategic composition and efficacy of peacekeeping forces. More broadly, the results underscore the struggle of international organizations to obtain compliance from member states in achieving their international objectives.
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Osborne, Myles. "British Visions, African Voices: The “Imperial” and the “Colonial” in World War II." Itinerario 44, no. 2 (August 2020): 287–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115320000169.

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AbstractThis article is focused on a magazine called Jambo, which was published by the British East Africa Command for troops in its employ between 1942 and 1945. Jambo was an agglomeration of political articles, general interest stories, propaganda, cartoons, crosswords, and more, with many of its contributions authored (or drawn) by men serving in the Allied forces. Here, I use Jambo to consider notions of the “colonial” and “imperial” during the Second World War, exploring how the realities of racial segregation in the colonies fit awkwardly with imperial service. Jambo also permits us a window into the views of some hundreds of British servicemen, who wrote extensively about the Africans with whom they served, revealing the complexities and shifts in British perceptions of African peoples during the conflict. Jambo is unique in another respect: it also provided a forum for African troops. In few other publications—and even fewer with such wide circulation—could educated (but nonelite) African peoples reach thousands of British readers. Though their published letters and articles were few compared to those written by Jambo's British authors, African writers used the venue to critique the conditions of their military service, argue about the sort of social ordering they desired in their home communities, and create an alternate narrative of the war. Like most colonial publications, Jambo had intended audiences, but also voracious, additional, alternate publics that mediated the articles which appeared in its pages. All this suggests that we might think of the colonial public sphere as both local and global, inward and outward looking, personal and communal, and situated along a continuum between colonial and imperial contexts.
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GRAY, CHRISTINE. "Peacekeeping and enforcement action in Africa: the role of Europe and the obligations of multilateralism." Review of International Studies 31, S1 (December 2005): 207–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210505006868.

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The duties, if any, of European states to participate in multilateral operations in Africa are currently a matter of some controversy. What are the obligations of European states with regard to the maintenance of international peace and security in Africa? How far is it legitimate for them to avoid the contribution of troops to UN peacekeeping operations in Africa? Does the reluctance of European and other developed states to participate in UN peacekeeping operations in Africa have significant legal consequences? This article will consider these issues in three main sections. The first provides an overview of UN peacekeeping in recent years at a time when there has been a substantial surge in demand for peacekeeping troops. It discusses the problems that the UN has faced in securing troops from developed member states, particularly for operations in Africa. The second section describes the pattern which has emerged in recent practice with regard to peacekeeping and enforcement action in Africa. Although developed states have generally been reluctant to provide troops for UN peacekeeping operations in Africa, they have undertaken Chapter VII operations in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Liberia and Côte d’Ivoire as ‘coalitions of the willing’. They have also provided assistance to certain African governments threatened with violent overthrow, such as the governments of Sierra Leone and Côte d’Ivoire. They have turned to regional and sub-regional organisations to take the lead in certain conflicts: they have provided financial assistance, logistical support and military training for such organisations.
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Amin, Md Nurul, Mahmuda Yasmin, Marufa Zerin Akhtar, and Chowdhury Rafiqul Ahsan. "Molecular Pattern of Anti-malarial Drug Resistance of Plasmodium falciparum in Bangladeshi Troops Working in Endemic Areas of Bangladesh and Africa." Bangladesh Journal of Microbiology 37, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v37i1.51202.

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Members of Bangladesh Armed Forces work in two different malaria endemic area, Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT) in Bangladesh and Sub-Saharan countries in Africa. This under-recognized group remained unexplored for long in respect to drug resistant falciparum malaria they usually suffer from. In this study, a total of 252 ‘dried blood samples on filter paper’ were collected between November 2014 and February 2016, from Plasmodium falciparum positive Bangladeshi troops working in Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT), Bangladesh and five Sub Saharan African Countries namely, Central African Republic (CAR), Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Liberia, Mali and Ivory Coast. After DNA extraction from all these samples (94 from Bangladesh and 138 from African countries), plasmodium species was confirmed by a nested PCR following standard protocol with minor modifications. Thereafter, a multiplex nested PCR followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method was employed to investigate the presence of chloroquine resistance marker ‘K76T mutation’ in P. falciparum chloroquine resistance transporters (pfcrt) gene and lumifantrine and mefloquine resistance marker ‘N86Y mutation’ in P. falciparum multidrug resistance1 (pfmdr1) gene. The P. falciparum DNA was confirmed in 35 (37.23%) Bangladeshi and 45 (28.48%) African samples. The ‘pfcrt (K76T) mutation’ that confers resistance to chloroquine, was detected in 93.10% Bangladeshi and 29.27% African samples. The ‘pfmdr1 (N86Y) mutation’ that confers resistance to lumifantrine and mefloquine, was detected in 20.69% Bangladeshi and only 2.44% African samples. The higher prevalence of chloroquine resistance of P. falciparum in Bangladesh than in African countries revealed that possible withdrawal of chloroquine from endemic areas and also periodic molecular survey to monitor pf resistance to chloroquine, mefloquine, lumefantrine and artemisinin among these troops working in both endemic areas. Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 37 Number 1 June 2020, pp 1-6
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Watson, John T., Hassan El Bushra, Emmaculate J. Lebo, Godfrey Bwire, James Kiyengo, Gideon Emukule, Victor Omballa, et al. "Outbreak of Beriberi among African Union Troops in Mogadishu, Somalia." PLoS ONE 6, no. 12 (December 21, 2011): e28345. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0028345.

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Adler, K. H. "Indigènes afterIndigènes: post-war France and its North African troops." European Review of History: Revue europeenne d'histoire 20, no. 3 (June 2013): 463–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13507486.2013.770826.

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Huang, Chin-Hao. "From Strategic Adjustment to Normative Learning? Understanding China’s Peacekeeping Efforts in Africa." Journal of International Peacekeeping 17, no. 3-4 (2013): 248–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18754112-1704005.

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Over the last two decades, Chinese armed forces have been increasingly exposed to the global norms of UN peacekeeping, not least through expanded participation in international peacekeeping operations. As the largest Security Council permanent member troop contributor, more than four fifths of Chinese troops in UN peacekeeping operations are deployed in Africa. As such, China is increasingly in a position to strengthen peacekeeping operations, contribute to stability, security, and security sector reform in Africa, and expand its regional multilateral military cooperation, all of which raises the prospects for China to become more integrated in the international community and a responsible, and responsive, major power. Given these important developments and their implications for the future of peacekeeping in Africa, this paper seeks to: identify the key determinants that undergird China’s evolving foreign policy approach toward peacekeeping principles and praxis in Africa; ascertain the degree and trace the process in which increasing interactions between China, the African Union, and the broader international community have led Chinese policy elites to consider greater flexibility in their views toward sovereignty and the changing nature of peacekeeping; assess how a rising China may exert its influence through its expanding role in peacekeeping; and analyze the strategic implications of these security developments for Africa.
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ROY, KAUSHIK. "Discipline and Morale of the African, British and Indian Army units in Burma and India during World War II: July 1943 to August 1945." Modern Asian Studies 44, no. 6 (April 21, 2010): 1255–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x1000003x.

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AbstractTowards the end of World War II, the morale of British units stationed in Burma and India was on a downslide. In contrast, the morale of Indian units was quite high. In fact, after the 1943 Arakan Campaign, the morale of Indian units rose slowly but steadily. The morale and discipline of Indian troops are also compared and contrasted with another colonial army: the African troops. By making a comparative study of the Commonwealth troops deployed in Burma and India, this paper attempts to show how and why the contours of morale and discipline changed among the various groups of troops at different times. The study of morale and discipline of the troops deployed in these two regions represents two extreme conditions: while Burma remained a war front, India did not experience any actual warfare except for some skirmishes with Indus tribes at the northwest frontier. In general, bad discipline is partly responsible for bad morale and vice versa, which adversely affects the fighting power of armies. This turns to the issue of ‘why do men fight’? The ‘will to war’ is directly proportional to good discipline and strong morale amongst troops. This paper will look for the causative factors shaping discipline and morale of both metropolitan and colonial soldiers, based mainly on military intelligence reports on morale. We will see that rather than grand ideas like nationalism and anti-fascism, mundane factors like the supply of good rations, access to sex and service conditions, influence the morale and discipline of soldiers, and hence their combat-worthiness.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "African troops"

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Neple, Pernille. "The regulation of mercenary and private security-related activites under South African law compared to other legislations and conventions /." Link to online version, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1603.

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Slay, David Henson. "New masters on the Mississippi the United States colored troops of the middle Mississippi Valley /." [Fort Worth, Tex.] : Texas Christian University, 2009. http://etd.tcu.edu/etdfiles/available/etd-05012009-121518/unrestricted/Slay.pdf.

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Stone, M. S. "The Victorian army : health, hospitals and social conditions as encountered by British troops during the South African War, 1899-1902." Thesis, University of London, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.320071.

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Erasmus, Willem Driesse. "Development of military leadership : a proposed model for the South African National Defence Force." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1177.

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Thesis (PhD (Public Management and Planning ))—University of Stellenbosch, 2009.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The result of this research is an alternative model for leadership character development in the South African National Defence Force (SANDF). The SANDF reflects the racial and cultural diversity of South Africa as a nation. The need for a unifying leadership-related mechanism for the military milieu in which humane leadership development will flourish, is evident. This statement is based on the premise that no evidence is found that any previous efforts by the SANDF to instil a leadership philosophy or policy as a way of military life was successful. Further shortcomings in the current SANDF leadership development model, apart from the reality that its selection process of officer candidates needs improvement, are the absence of political guidance and participation in the development of its military leaders, as well as emaciated attention to the development of the character side of leaders during officer formative training. The SANDF, unlike the international tendency, has no military leadership institution to ensure that its leadership development policies and practices are based on sound academic research. Such an institution will also ensure that the SANDF stays contemporary in the global field of military leadership development. The shortcomings of the current SANDF Model were identified by progressing through the academic theories on leadership and leadership development to a comparative analysis of leadership development practices in the militaries of Germany, the United Kingdom, Canada and the SANDF. This supplied the information needed to propose the Five Point Star Model (FPS Model) for leadership character development in the SANDF. The five components of the FPS Model, which address the shortcomings of the current SANDF Model, are Convergent Leadership, Political Participation, Superior Selection, Interventions for Leadership Character Development, and a Military Leadership Institution.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die uitkoms van hierdie navorsing is ’n alternatiewe model wat die tekortkominge in die ontwikkeling van leierskapkarakter in die Suid Afrikaanse Nasionale Weermag (SANW) aanspreek. Die SANW weerspieël die rasse- en kulturele diversiteit van die Suid Afrikaanse nasie, wat die behoefte aan ‘n samebindende leierskapsverwante meganisme na vore bring. Hierdie stelling is gegrond daarop dat geen bewys, waar die SANW daarin geslaag het om ’n samebindende leierskapsfilosofie of –beleid as ‘n militêre leefwyse te vestig, gevind is om sodoende die militêre milieu te skep waarin mensgerigte leierskap sal floreer nie. Verdere tekortkominge in die huidige Leierskapsontwikkelingsmodel van die SANW, bo en behalwe dat die keuringsproses van kandidaat-offisiere uitgebrei en verbeter moet word, is die afwesigheid van politieke deelname en rigtinggewing waar die ontwikkeling van die land se jong militêre leiers ter sprake is. Te min aandag word ook gewy aan die ontwikkeling van kandidaat-offisiere se karakter of inbors tydens offisiersvorming kursusse. Die internasionale tendens is vir weermagte om ‘n militêre leierskapsinstelling te hê. Die SANW het nie so ‘n instelling om te verseker dat militêre leierskapsontwikkelingsbeleid en -praktyke op behoorlike akademiese navorsing gefundeer is nie. Dit maak dit moeilik om ’n kontemporêre bydrae in die internasionale veld van militêre leierskap te maak. Die wyse waarop die tekortkominge van die huidige SANW Leierskapsontwikkelingsmodel geïdentifiseer is, was om voort te bou op die akademiese teorieë oor leierskap en leierskapsontwikkeling en om ’n vergelykende studie tussen leierskapsontwikkelingspraktyke in die weermagte van Duitsland, Brittanje, Kanada en die SANW te doen. Die vergelykende studie het inligting verskaf om die Vyfpuntster Model vir die ontwikkeling van leierskapkarakter in die SANW voor te stel. Die vyf komponente van die nuwe model spreek die tekortkominge van die huidige SANW Model aan, en die komponente is Konvergerende Leierskap, Politieke Deelhebberskap, Voortreflike Keuring, Intervensies vir Leierskapkarakterontwikkeling, en ‘n Instansie vir Militêre Leierskap.
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Neple, Pernille. "The regulation of mercenary and private security-related activities under South African law compared to other legislations and conventions." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1896.

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Thesis (MA (Political Science))--Stellenbosch University, 2008.
Private Military and Security Companies (PMSCs) have become increasingly important actors since the end of the Cold War. They provide a wide range of services and are therefore difficult to classify. Many view them as new front companies for mercenaries, which this thesis argues is not the case. Few states have put in place legislation to deal with the problems caused by these companies, and they are therefore generally not accountable to states. This is problematic because their services are within an area where states have traditionally had monopoly. This thesis studies the new South African legislation, the Prohibition of Mercenary Activities and Regulation of Certain Activities in Country of Armed Conflict Act of 2006, which was put in place in order to ban mercenaries and regulate the services offered by the private military and security companies based in the country. By comparing it to the older South African legislation, the thesis evaluates the extent to which the new legislation has been able to close loopholes inherent in the old legislation. The new South African legislation is also compared to the international conventions which bans mercenaries. By banning these actors, South Africa is very much in line with the international community when it designed the conventions. However, PNSCs are not mercenaries. The thesis then compares the new South African legislation to the domestic regulation in place in the United States of America. It finds that despite having many of the same weaknesses as the South African legislation, it is more likely that the American regulation will be abided by than the South African. This is due to the positive relationship between the US government and American PMSCs, and the fact that the government is a major client of the companies. South Africa does not enjoy the same positive relationship with its companies. Finally, the new South African legislation is compared to the UK Green Paper of 2002, which presented options of how to deal with the companies. The ban on mercenaries put in place by the new South African legislation was discouraged in the Green Paper. The licensing regime (as in the USA) that was proposed by the Green Paper, however, is similar to the authorisation scheme established in South Africa.
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Berman, Julia E. "African American tropes in popular film /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3091899.

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Hillary, Gama Samuel Amule. "Mercenarism and the curbing of mercenary activity in Africa, 1990 to 2005 selected case studies /." Pretoria : [S.n.], 2010. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-03112010-124730.

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Lawson, Shannon L. "Tales, Tropes, and Transformations: The Performance of Gusaba no Gukwa in Rwanda." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1386338407.

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Ojo, Adegboye Philip. "Mortuary tropes and identity articulation in Francophone Caribbean and Sub-Saharan African narratives /." view abstract or download file of text, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3095268.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2003.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 198-215). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Maguire, Anna Mary. "Colonial encounters during the First World War : the experience of troops from New Zealand, South Africa and the West Indies." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2017. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/colonial-encounters-during-the-first-world-war(e25db8ce-ba0c-4293-bf91-c34a93896c8e).html.

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This thesis offers a sustained comparative analysis of colonial encounters during the First World War by examining the experience of troops from New Zealand, South Africa and the West Indies. While the war is usually understood as a military clash of empires, the thesis argues that it also created fresh spaces for a range of encounters as diverse groups were thrown together. These encounters varied from fleeting interactions to more sustained relationships in changing contact-zones dependent on military mobilisation. While race remains the primary focus in the thesis, the analysis is also nuanced to other categories, such as class, gender, and combatant/civilian status. In the recent ‘global’ turn in First World War studies, more has been learnt about colonial participation and the impact of empire. If much of the work has focussed on particular national or ethnic groups, this thesis adopts a comparative and at times transnational approach to make lateral connections between the colonial groups and their represented experiences. The thesis investigates how the structures and hierarchies of colonialism operated once dislocated by the movements of war, disclosing the complex lived realities of colonial cultures in times of war. The thesis draws upon document and photograph collections at the Imperial War Museum, alongside other archival collections, as well as memoirs, oral testimonies, newspapers, magazines and literary works, and often reads them together in order to recover and analyse this complex history. Many of the non-white troops were non-literate and the subsequent paucity of written material necessitates this broader interdisciplinary approach. Encounters represent a central element of the represented war service of the colonial troops in the source material. The concentration on encounters in this thesis, through the perspective of cultural history, reveals how war challenged and changed identity beyond the space of the battlefield.
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Books on the topic "African troops"

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The employment of Negro troops. 5th ed. Washington, D.C: Center of Military History, United States Army, 1994.

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United States Colored troops, 1863-1867. Gettysburg, Pa: Thomas Publications, 1990.

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Robert, Lester, and University Publications of America (Firm), eds. Records of U.S. Colored Troops. Bethesda, MD: UPA Collection from LexisNexis, 2005.

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Florette, Henri, ed. The unknown soldiers: African-American troops in World War I. New York: Da Capo Press, 1996.

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Freedom by the sword: The U.S. colored troops, 1862-1867. New York: Skyhorse Pub., 2012.

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Black troops, white commanders, and freedmen during the Civil War. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1992.

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Abdel-Fatau, Musah, and Fayemi Kayode, eds. Mercenaries: An African security dilemma. London: Pluto Press, 2000.

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M, Bielakowski Alexander, Field Ron, Field Ron, and Bielakowski Alexander M, eds. Buffalo soldiers: African American troops in the US forces 1866-1945. Oxford: Osprey Pub., 2008.

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Jouineau, André. Officers and soldiers of the French Army 1939-1940: The Metropolitan Troops ... the African and Levant Special Troops ... the Colonial Troops ... the Air Force ... the Navy. Paris: Histoire & Collections, 2010.

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Jouineau, André. Officers and soldiers of the French Army 1939-1940: The Metropolitan Troops ... the African and Levant Special Troops ... the Colonial Troops ... the Air Force ... the Navy. Paris: Histoire & Collections, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "African troops"

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Roberts, Allen F. "Religion, Tropes in Central Africa." In Encyclopedia of African Religions and Philosophy, 615–17. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-2068-5_337.

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De Donno, Fabrizio. "Rereading Italian Travellers to Africa: Precursors, Identities and Interracial Relations in Narratives of Italian Colonialism." In Rereading Travellers to the East, 65–82. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-579-0.05.

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This essay considers a number of travellers’ writings about Africa which are reread to construct and deconstruct Italian colonial identity. It focuses on Cesare Cesari’s Viaggi africani di Pellegrino Matteucci (1932), which deems Matteucci a precursor of Fascist colonialism and contributor to Fascist “colonial science”. The essay then moves on to explore the more recent rereading by Angelo Del Boca and Igiaba Scego of respectively Indro Montanelli’s XX Battaglione Eritreo (1936) and Errico Emanuelli’s Settimana nera (1961). By bringing together and rereading these texts, the essay maps the transformations of Italianness from colonial to postcolonial times and reveals how colonial identity relied on a series of gender, racial and sexual tropes of exploration and conquest.
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Gerard, Philip. "Wild’s African Legion." In The Last Battleground, 245–50. University of North Carolina Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469649566.003.0035.

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Brig Gen. Edward Augustus Wild raises the first two of four eventual regiments of black troops, largely from escaped slaves congregating at the Freedman’s Colony on Roanoke island or at New Bern. One of his subordinates, Col. Alonzo G. Draper of the 2nd North Carolina Colored Volunteers, eager to prove that black soldiers can fight, leads 118 hand-picked officers and men into a region infested with guerrillas and retaliates against snipers and smugglers-and frees 500 slaves. Inspired by Draper’s success, Wild launches an expedition with 2,000 troops through the Great dismal Swamp and six North Carolina Counties, destroying four guerrilla camps and burning the farms, homes, and distilleries of rebels while liberating 2,500 enslaved blacks-many of whom join the U.S. Army. The black troops strike terror into a white population that has long lived in fear of a slave uprising, adopting draconian codes against runaways. They comport themselves “with admirable discipline” in the words of a newspaperman who covers the raid, and prove themselves fierce and reliable fighters.
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Hyslop, Jonathan. "South Africa and Scotland in the First World War." In A Global Force. Edinburgh University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474402736.003.0008.

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This chapter discusses the powerful and long-lasting impact Scottish military symbolism on the formation of military culture in South Africa. Drawing on the work of John MacKenzie and Jonathan Hyslop’s notion of ‘military Scottishness’, this chapter analyses how Scottish identity both interacted with the formation of political identities in South Africa, and ‘looped back’ to connect with changing forms of national identity in Scotland itself. In particular, it addresses how the South Africans’ heroic role at Delville Wood, during the Battle of the Somme, became a putative symbol of this racialised ‘South Africanism’. The South African Brigade included a battalion of so-called ‘South African Scottish’ which reflected the phenomenon of military Scottishness. Overall, the chapter looks at the way in which the representations of the role of the South African troops involved an interplay between British empire loyalism, white South African political identities, and Scottishness.
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Bettez, David J. "African Americans." In Kentucky and the Great War. University Press of Kentucky, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5810/kentucky/9780813168012.003.0010.

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This chapter discusses the dilemma of African Americans: whether to support a war to make America safe for democracy, even though they were often denied civil rights and democratic freedoms such as the right to vote. Louisville African American resident and newspaperman Roscoe Conklin Simmons supported the US entry into the war and tried to rally Kentucky blacks to the war effort. Black newspaper publisher Phil Brown of Hopkinsville was also active in this endeavor. He initially assisted federal food administrator Fred Sackett in food conservation efforts and then turned his attention to garnering and organizing black support for other war-support activities. This included African Americans who joined the military, many of whom trained at Camp Taylor. The chapter includes the experiences of Austin Kinnaird, a white officer from Louisville who commanded black troops, and Charles Lewis, a black soldier still in uniform when he was lynched in Fulton County a month after the armistice.
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Rechniewski, Elizabeth. "Resénégalisation and the Representation of Black African Troops during World War One." In Commemorating Race and Empire in the First World War Centenary, 79–92. Liverpool University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781786940889.003.0005.

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It is only very recently that recognition has been given to the massive and possibly decisive contribution made by troops from France’s Empire to its ultimate victory in both World Wars. The ‘rediscovery’ of their role afforded them belated acknowledgement in the commemorations of the centenary of World War One. The original plans for the centenary barely acknowledged the role of colonial troops, an omission challenged by Rachid Bouchareb and Pascal Blanchard who successfully proposed the addition of the commemorative project ‘Frères d’armes’. This rediscovery invites reflection on what factors may have contributed to the long neglect of their participation in combat. This chapter explores the immediate historical context of the deployment of one segment of these colonial troops during World War One: the ...
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Simpson, Thula. "Imperial Impi." In History of South Africa, 47–62. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197672020.003.0005.

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Abstract The chapter begins by recounting South Africa's conquest of German South-West Africa, and the split between the pro- and anti-war factions of the (white) Labour movement. The anti-war faction established the International Socialist League (ISL). The chapter follows South African troops on all the major fronts in which they fought, including East Africa, Egypt, Palestine, and the Western Front in Europe. Among the battles discussed are Delville Wood, Marrières Wood, and Square Hill. The South African Native Labour Contingent is also considered, including the tragedy of the SS Mendi disaster. The home front also receives extensive consideration, including the radicalization of the Transvaal SANNC, which owed both to wartime inflation, and the efforts of the ISL. Another aspect of the war at home that receives extensive coverage is the impact of the Spanish Flu of 1918 on South Africa.
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Short, Steven. "Scraping the Barrel: African American Troops and World War I." In Scraping the Barrel, 105–31. Fordham University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5422/fordham/9780823239771.003.0006.

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Mendez, James G. "Violence on Two Fronts." In A Great Sacrifice, 81–97. Fordham University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5422/fordham/9780823282500.003.0006.

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Black troops and their families suffered from several kinds of violence inflicted on them alone. The rebels had a habit of killing black troops after they had surrendered or been captured. Yet, black troops continued to join the army and support the Union cause in spite of this risk; they fought harder in combat. In addition African-American family members in the North faced violence themselves at home. But, in their case, their assailants were white northerners, such as in the 1863 race riots in Detroit on March 6th and the three-day riots in New York City on July 13th–16th. Blacks were killed and wounded in both riots, and their property was destroyed. Even with the threat of violence against them in the North as well as the South, northern blacks continued to enlist and support the Union war effort. African Americans remained loyal to the Union and to the cause.
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Gegout, Catherine. "Actors in Military Intervention." In Why Europe Intervenes in Africa, 89–134. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190845162.003.0004.

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Chapter three locates European military intervention alongside the military interventions and political and economic presence of other regional and international actors. African states have agency in their own foreign policies, but African security organizations are dependent on European funding for the deployment of troops, and they cooperate with the European Union. The United Nations is present in Africa, but it often has to act alone: European actors are not always there to support UN missions. However, Europeans are keen on reinforcing UN capacity to fight militias. China is increasingly an important economic partner of Africa, and now becoming a security actor there. European actors are trying to develop relations with China on African security affairs. The United States is an important security actor in Africa, with military bases there. Its role and motives are studied in detail, as it influences the decisions of European actors to intervene.
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