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McLaren, Kristin. ""African barbarism" and "Anglo-Saxon civilization": The mythic foundations of school segregation and African-Canadian resistance in Canada West." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/29237.
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The legend of the Underground Railroad and the ideal of Canada as a promised land for African-American fugitive slaves have been pervasive in the Canadian imagination. In the mid-nineteenth century, myths describing British Canada West as a moral exemplar and guarantor of equal rights to all provided a sense of transcendent meaning and orientation to citizens of British and African heritage.
British-Canadian school promoters hoped to lay the foundations of an ideal British society in the emerging public school system. The main proponent of this system, Egerton Ryerson, boasted of the merits of a Christian and moral education provided to all Canadians without discrimination. However, African Canadians were largely excluded from public education in Canada West, or forced into segregation, a practice that was against the spirit of egalitarian British laws.
British-Canadian mythologies that called for the protection of Anglo-Saxon racial purity allowed for the introduction of this practice of school segregation. In response, many African-Canadian leaders called upon Canadian society to live up to its egalitarian ideals and promoted integration. This work examines dominant discourses that presented the British-Canadian people as a culturally pure group, unchanged by their historical environment, and contrasts these mythologies with African-Canadian mythologies that reflected the culturally diverse nature of Canadian society and emphasized the potential for human transformation in mid-nineteenth century Canada West.
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Matthews, Sally Joanne. "The African Renaissance as a response to dominant Western political discourses on Africa : a critical assessment." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2002. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-05302007-162640.
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Whitaker, Jamie L. ""Hark from the tomb" : the culture history and archaeology of African-American cemeteries." Virtual Press, 2007. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1371679.
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Archaeological material from early African-American cemeteries can yield a vast amount of information. Grave goods are evidence that certain West African burial traditions persisted over the years. Moreover, bioarchaeological data provides knowledge regarding health conditions, lifeways, and labor environments. Overall, these populations were under severe physical stress and average ages of death were young. Findings indicate that African folk beliefs persisted for a long period of time and were widespread in both the North and South of the United States and correspond to historical and ethnohistorical accounts. This is evidenced by the similar types of grave goods found in various cemeteries. Cemeteries from both the Northeast and Southeast are examined as proof that health and cultural trends were widespread throughout the continental United States.Department of Anthropology
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KATENDE, VIOLA. "DEAD END : The European Movement and Disappearance of Local Traditional African Clothing Designs, Styles, and Cultural Meaning. An Exchange of Cultural Identity." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Textilhögskolan, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-17997.
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This thesis aims at showcasing the movement of African cultural meaning from Africa to Europe by Europeans in their involvement in the African slave trade as well as the colonization of Africa, which was the imprisonment of the African cultural expression as well as a limitation of its development and further production. The thesis also addresses one of the reason for the global circulation of the European culture, which is the search and achievement of absolute power and control over the minds of its conquests in order to become a dominant culture. Note, however that the act of becoming a dominant culture stem from the European cultural persuasion of the dominance of its culture by its self and not a reflection of epistemological and ontological superiority. Note also that in claiming to be a dominant culture, the European culture is in reality only in control of its conquests, which are cultures whose nature is to its full knowledge, and whose meaning it distributes upon will and purpose. Therefore, the movement of African cultural values, norms and beliefs to Europe and the Euro‐Atlantic world, implies that the ideas from which the European fashion system´s inspiration is founded, are in essence not only European derived. This conclusion is based on a critical analysis of the nature of the European culture and its authentic self, a self that produces European culture.Program: Textilt management, fashion management
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Queiroz, Vitor 1983. "Olha só, ô meu tambú, como chora o candongueiro = as estrelas e os toques da tradição no jongo de Guaratinguetá e Campinas (SP)." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/279299.
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Orientador: Robert Wayne Andrew SlenesDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T18:38:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Queiroz_Vitor_M.pdf: 12796623 bytes, checksum: e78a2ae8d3f1bfeba623ecd21adc166a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011
Resumo: Através de entrevistas, da análise de parte da bibliografia disponível sobre o jongo e da escuta de sua própria música nos últimos anos, este trabalho pretende discutir os conceitos de mudança e permanência históricas ao enfocar algumas das questões identitárias e políticas envolvidas nos cantos e toques dos jongueiros de Campinas e de Guaratinguetá - SP
Abstract: Through interviews, a bibliographical analysis and a careful hearing of jongo music in the last six or seven years this study intends to discuss historical change and perdurance. Songs and drum beats from Campinas and Guaratinguetá, São Paulo counties, will be used, as well, as a source for studying the politics of identity among their practicioners and their respective communities
Mestrado
Historia Social
Mestre em História
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Gimenez, Amoros Luis. "Haul Music : transnationalism and musical performance in the Saharaui refugee camps of Tindouf, Algeria." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002302.
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The thesis presents ethnographic data and musical analysis (in the form of transcriptions) of Haul music which is the music style performed by Bedouin societies in Trab el Bidan region (Mauritania, Western Sahara, northern Mali, southern Algeria and northern Morocco). It is based on field research undertaken in Algeria in 2004-05 in the refugee camps of Tindouf, Algeria, where Saharaui people (a Bedouin society)live in exile. This research is unique and original as Haul has not, until now, been explored in depth by any scholar. My research on Haul reveals that the changes in Saharaui music in the refugee camps of Tindouf reflect changes in the musical traditions of Bedouin societies as whole; changes that can be traced to the revolution which occurred in Western Sahara in 1975, and changes that are a result of the migrations and life in exile that followed. I argue that these changes occurred due to the transnational experiences undergone by Saharaui people in their forced exile (caused by the Moroccan state) from their homeland in Western Sahara to Algeria. Further, I assert that the invocation of memory in Bedouin musical styles is evidence of past musical practices being retained in contemporary Haul performance, although other musical changes are similarly in progress.
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Reed, Milan. "The Human Color: Rooting Black Ideology in Human Rights, a Historical Analysis of a Political Identity." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2011. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/103.
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In the 20th century the relationship between African-Americans and Africa grew into a prominent subject in the lives and perspectives of people who claim Africanheritage because almost every facet of American life distinguished people based on skin color. The prevailing discourse of the day said that the way a person looked was deeply to who they were.1 People with dark skin were associated with Africa, and the notion of this connection has survived to this day. Scholars such as Molefi Kete Asante point to cultural retentions as evidence of the enduring connection between African-Americans and Africa, while any person could look to the shade of their skin as an indication of their African origins. In either case, something seems to always hearken back to Africa. However, in this modern world there is a gap between Africans and African Americans: African-Americans have achieved some great milestones in terms of liberty and equality, while many people living on the African continent still suffer poverty, political disenfranchisement, and precluded liberties. African-Americans have made great strides in dealing with these problems at home, but it is clear that they are on the whole better off than their African counterparts. The lectures and writings of W.E.B. Dubois, Malcolm X, and Kwame Nkrumah reveal that the linkages between African-Americans and Africans are political in nature and therefore do not rest solely on connections of culture or color, but on the shared struggle to achieve the unalienable rights guaranteed to all people.
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Torrubia, Rafael. "Culture from the midnight hour : a critical reassessment of the black power movement in twentieth century America." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/1884.
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The thesis seeks to develop a more sophisticated view of the black power movement in twentieth century America by analysing the movement’s cultural legacy. The rise, maturation and decline of black power as a political force had a significant impact on American culture, black and white, yet to be substantively analysed. The thesis argues that while the black power movement was not exclusively cultural it was essentially cultural. It was a revolt in and of culture that was manifested in a variety of forms, with black and white culture providing an index to the black and white world view. This independent black culture base provided cohesion to a movement otherwise severely lacking focus and structural support for the movement’s political and economic endeavours. Each chapter in the PhD acts as a step toward understanding black power as an adaptive cultural term which served to connect and illuminate the differing ideological orientations of movement supporters and explores the implications of this. In this manner, it becomes possible to conceptualise the black power movement as something beyond a cacophony of voices which achieved few tangible gains for African-Americans and to move the discussion beyond traditional historiographical perspectives which focus upon the politics and violence of the movement. Viewing the movement from a cultural perspective places language, folk culture, film, sport, religion and the literary and performing arts in a central historical context which served to spread black power philosophy further than political invective. By demonstrating how culture served to broaden the appeal and facilitate the acceptance of black power tenets it is possible to argue that the use of cultural forms of advocation to advance black power ideologies contributed significantly to making the movement a lasting influence in American culture – one whose impact could be discerned long after its exclusively political agenda had disintegrated.
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Du, Plessis Lizanne. "The culture and environmental ethic of the Pokot people of Laikipia, Kenya." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/182.
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Morton, Anne Caroline. "The place of classical civilization in the school curriculum." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001444.
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Classical Studies, as a subject, has not been seriously presented in many schools until fairly recently. Britain initiated the introduction of Classical Studies to the school curriculum in 1974, and interest has continued to grow steadily in other countries like America, New Zealand, Australia and Canada. This thesis was started on the assumption that this entirely new subject could be introduced into the curriculum for standard six and seven pupils at South African schools, for reasons which will be given later. As work continued on the thesis, the 1985 syllabus for Latin lent it further impetus. Some of the implications of the new Latin syllabus will be considered in the conclusion (Introduction, p. 6)
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Belling, Veronica. "The history of Yiddish theatre in South Africa from the late nineteenth century to 1960." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/10084.
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Includes bibliographical references.This dissertation sets out to investigate the history of Yiddish theatre in South Africa. Yiddish theatre first emerged in Jassy in Rumania in 1876. However with Czarist persecution and the great Jewish migration from Eastern Europe, the 1880s it had spread to Western Europe, the Americas, and South Africa. This dissertation attempts to answer the question as to why of all Eastern Europe's diasporas, Yiddish theatre at no stage put down permanent roots in South Africa. It aims to prove that the survival of Yiddish theatre was entirely dependent on the survival of the Yiddish language. Thus the fate of Yiddish theatre in South Africa was influenced by the early timing of the formative immigration, between 1890 and 1914, the common origins of the immigrants in Lithuania and White Russia, and their educational and cultural poverty. These factors were reinforced by the exclusive adherence of the Anglo-German Jewish establishment and the vast majority of the immigrants, to Zionism and the Hebrew revival. Yiddish was unequivocally rejected, so that it never featured in the construction of South African Jewish identity. Finally the Quota Act of 1930, reinforced by the Alien's Act of 1937, put a total halt to Eastern European Jewish immigration, the lifeblood of Yiddish theatre.
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Orizaga, Rhiannon Ysabel-Marie. "Self-Presentation and Identity in the Roman Empire, ca. 30 BCE to 225 CE." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1016.
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The presentation of the body in early imperial Rome can be viewed as the manipulation of a semiotic language of dress, in which various hierarchies that both defined and limited human experience were entrenched. The study of Roman self-presentation illuminates the intersections of categories of identity, as well as the individual's desire and ability to resist essentializing views of Romanness (Romanitas), and to transform destiny through transforming identity. These categories of identity include gender; sexuality or sexual behavior; social status; economic status; ethnicity or place of origin; religion; and age. Applying the model of a matrix of identity deepens our appreciation for the work of self-presentation and its ultimate purposes. In this paper the practices and products used by Romans are described as vital indicators of self-identification, and as segues into Roman social semiotics, providing a more complete view of the possibilities for life in early imperial Rome. In the introduction, the use of queer theory and the function of the matrix model are outlined. Haircare, the maintenance of facial and bodily hair, the use of cosmetics, perfumes, skincare products, and beauty tools, the accessorizing of the body with jewelry, color, and pattern, and the display of these behaviors are examined in the main body chapters. The conclusion discusses the relevance of the matrix model to self-presentation studies in general and possible future uses.
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Dawson, Allan Charles 1973. "In light of Africa : globalising blackness in northeast Brazil." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=115597.
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Africa, as both a place and as an idea, looms large in the construction of Black identity in Brazil and plays an increasingly important role in the identity processes of many Afro-American societies. Consequently, this dissertation seeks to explore how the idea of Africa is used and manipulated in the discourse and formulation of Blackness in the northeastern Brazilian state Bahia. Today, Afro-Brazilian elites and academics---particularly anthropologists---privilege the cultures of the Bight of Benin as crucial markers of a new Black identity in Black Bahia's religious spaces, cultural institutions and social movements. This new form of Black identity seeks to reject the dominant ideology of 'racial democracy' in Brazil and replace it with one that articulates an Africanised approach to Blackness. In this model, Yoruba religious practices are emphasised and placed at the centre of an array of cultural forms including carnaval, Afro-Brazilian religion, language instruction, culinary practice and the remnant maroon communities of the Bahian interior. In analysing these movements, the present work eschews the need to define Afro-Brazilian cultural practices in the historical context of a plantation society that contained so-called 'survivals' of African culture. Rather, this work adopts a perspective that simply attempts to understand how ideas such as 'Africa', 'slave', 'roots', 'orixa', 'Yoruba' and other, similar African concepts are deployed in the creation of Bahian, and more generally, Brazilian Blackness. Further, the construction of Africanised Blackness in Bahia needs to be understood in the context of an ongoing live dialogue between the cultures and peoples of Afro-America and different regions of the African continent. This dissertation explores this dialogue and also investigates the extent to which these redefinitions actually resonate and penetrate the diverse Black populations of Bahia, including those that are not actively involved with Bahia's Black movements, such as evangelical Christians and residents of the impoverished Bahian interior---the sertao.Keywords: Africa, Bahia, Blackness, Brazil, dialogue, elites, ethnography, identity, Yoruba.
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Scherer, Evan S. "Southern Mediterranean Economic Trends in the 3rd Century A.D.: A Case for Agricultural Stability." Ohio University Art and Sciences Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouashonors1268890125.
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Bauermeester, Eunice Marietha. "Die Kaapse slawe in kultuurhistoriese perspektief - 1652-1838 (Afrikaans)." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/29316.
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Please read the abstract (Summary) in the section, 20summary of this document Copyright 2002, University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. Please cite as follows: Bauermeester, EM 2002, Die Kaapse slawe in kultuurhistoriese perspektief - 1652-1838 (Afrikaans), MA dissertation, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, viewed yymmdd < http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11082007-092819 / >Dissertation (MA (Cultural History))--University of Pretoria, 2007.
Historical and Heritage Studies
Unrestricted
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Shrosbree, Laura Tania. "Characteristics of the modern toursist in the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan area." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1012110.
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Until the nineteenth century, travel was undertaken only by the elite. With the introduction of rail, mass travel was available for the first time, and new faraway destinations became accessible to all. During the 20th century travel became more destination-orientated. And now, in the 21st century, travel is a new economy, resulting in the tourism industry. The focus of the tourism industry has shifted from air travel, weekend getaways and day trips, to a total experience of the destination. A new era in tourism has arrived with a new kind of tourism experience, one that is sustainable, socially responsible and flexible. At the forefront of this industry is a tourist who is more educated, experienced, knowledgeable, independent and demanding. This tourist demands new or different products/services, is harder to please than the traditional tourist, is well-informed and knows what he/she wants and where he/she wants to go. This is the modern tourist. The objectives of the study were to identify the typical characteristics of the so-called modern consumer, determine which of these characteristics were prevalent among consumers living in the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Area and whether these characteristics could be used to cluster respondents into segments. The results of the study will assist organisations, within the tourism industry, in dealing with the changing demands of the modern tourist. The literature study contextualised the modern tourist within the tourism industry and provides an overview of the demographic and behavioural factors, which form the basis of the modern tourist‟s development. The demographic factors discussed were age, education, income, gender and household size. The non demographic factors identified and explained were variety seeking, quest for self-identity, quest for authenticity, knowledgeable, experience sharing and time poor. The empirical information was obtained via self-administered questionnaires. Two hundred useable questionnaires were completed by respondents in the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Area. Statistica version 10 was used to analyse the data received. The principal component factor analysis yielded six behavioural factors, namely meaningful experiences, time poor, knowledge, authenticity and experience sharing. Until the nineteenth century, travel was undertaken only by the elite. With the introduction of rail, mass travel was available for the first time, and new faraway destinations became accessible to all. During the 20th century travel became more destination-orientated. And now, in the 21st century, travel is a new economy, resulting in the tourism industry. The focus of the tourism industry has shifted from air travel, weekend getaways and day trips, to a total experience of the destination. A new era in tourism has arrived with a new kind of tourism experience, one that is sustainable, socially responsible and flexible. At the forefront of this industry is a tourist who is more educated, experienced, knowledgeable, independent and demanding. This tourist demands new or different products/services, is harder to please than the traditional tourist, is well-informed and knows what he/she wants and where he/she wants to go. This is the modern tourist. The objectives of the study were to identify the typical characteristics of the so-called modern consumer, determine which of these characteristics were prevalent among consumers living in the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Area and whether these characteristics could be used to cluster respondents into segments. The results of the study will assist organisations, within the tourism industry, in dealing with the changing demands of the modern tourist. The literature study contextualised the modern tourist within the tourism industry and provides an overview of the demographic and behavioural factors, which form the basis of the modern tourist‟s development. The demographic factors discussed were age, education, income, gender and household size. The non demographic factors identified and explained were variety seeking, quest for self-identity, quest for authenticity, knowledgeable, experience sharing and time poor. The empirical information was obtained via self-administered questionnaires. Two hundred useable questionnaires were completed by respondents in the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Area. Statistica version 10 was used to analyse the data received. The principal component factor analysis yielded six behavioural factors, namely meaningful experiences, time poor, knowledge, authenticity and experience sharing. The data analysis revealed three distinct clusters, namely Postmodernists, Traditionalists and Modernists. Each cluster had unique demographic and behavioural characteristics with the result that modern tourists could be grouped into distinct clusters according to their demographic and behavioural characteristics. This will enable the tourism industry to tailor-make their marketing strategies according to these clusters.he data analysis revealed three distinct clusters, namely Postmodernists, Traditionalists and Modernists. Each cluster had unique demographic and behavioural characteristics with the result that modern tourists could be grouped into distinct clusters according to their demographic and behavioural characteristics. This will enable the tourism industry to tailor-make their marketing strategies according to these clusters.
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Ewing, Hannah E. "Gregory the Great and the Exarchs: Inter-Office Relations in Italy ca. 600." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1288724094.
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Prater, Angela Denise. "The Fattening House: A Narrative Analysis of the Big, Black and Beautiful Body Subjectivity Constituted On Large African American Women." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1223829051.
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Van, der Hoven Liane. "Elim : a cultural historical study of a Moravian mission station at the Southern extreme of Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2205.
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Thesis (MA (Afrikaans Cultural History))--University of Stellenbosch, 2001.Elim, a mission station of the Moravian Church, was established in 1824. The settlement is situated 48 kilometres from the southern extreme of the African continent. Vogelstruiskraal farm, is a sparsely populated area, a unique community has developed where the congregation is the community and the community is the congregation. ...
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Barnard, Louis H. "The illustrated children's Bible as cultural text in the construction of Afrikaner national identity." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/965.
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Margolis, Julie Anna. "Tetracycline Labeled Bone Content Analysis of Ancient Nubian Remains from Kulubnarti." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1429808453.
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Leonard, Douglas. "Networks of Knowledge: Ethnology and Civilization in French North and West Africa, 1844-1961." Diss., 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/5421.
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The second French colonial empire (1830-1962) challenged soldiers, scholars, and administrators to understand societies radically different from their own so as to govern them better. Overlooking the contributions of many of these colonial officials, most historians have located the genesis of the French social theory used to understand these differences in the hallowed halls of Parisian universities and research institutes. This dissertation instead argues that colonial experience and study drove metropolitan theory. Through a contextualized examination of the published and unpublished writings and correspondence of key thinkers who bridged the notional metropolitan-colonial divide, this dissertation reveals intellectual networks that produced knowledge of societies in North and West Africa and contemplated the nature of colonial rule. From General Louis Faidherbe in the 1840s to politician Jacques Soustelle and sociologist Pierre Bourdieu in the 1950s, a succession of soldiers and administrators engaged in dialogue with their symbiotic colonial sources to translate indigenous ideas for a metropolitan audience and humanize French rule in Africa. Developing ideas in part from a reading of native African written and oral sources, these particular colonial thinkers conceived of social structure and race in civilizational terms, placing peoples along a temporally-anchored developmental continuum that promised advancement along a unique pathway if nurtured by a properly adapted program of Western intervention. This perspective differed significantly from the theories proposed by social scientists such as Emile Durkheim, who described "primitivity" as a stage in a unilinear process of social evolution. French African political and social structures incorporated elements of this intellectual direction by the mid-twentieth century, culminating in the attempt by Jacques Soustelle to govern Algeria with the assistance of ethnological institutions. At the same time, Pierre Bourdieu built on French ethnological ideas in an empirically grounded and personally contingent alternative to the dominant structuralist sociological and anthropological perspective in France.
Approached as an interdisciplinary study, this dissertation considers colonial knowledge from a number of different angles. First, it is a history of French African ethnology viewed through a biographical and microhistorical lens. Thus, it reintroduces the variance in the methods and interpretations employed by individual scholars and administrators that was a very real part of both scientific investigation and colonial rule. Race, civilization, and progress were not absolutes; definitions and sometimes applications of these terms varied according to local and personal socio-cultural context. This study also considers the evolution of French social theory from a novel perspective, that of the amateur fieldworker in the colonies. Far from passive recipients of metropolitan thought, these men (and sometimes women) actively shaped metropolitan ideas on basic social structure and interaction as they emerged. In the French science de l'homme, intellectual innovation came not always from academics in stuffy rooms, but instead from direct interaction and dialogue with the subjects of study themselves.
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Tondi, Tsoabisi Pakiso Ensle. "The African cultural heritage : deculturation, transformation and development." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/7752.
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This study begins by highlighting the fact that after identifying the causes of defects in the socio-economic development of Africa and its populace African scholars argue for the re-centering of African cultural heritage as a strategy for (re)-construction and socioeconomic development. In fact, the alienation and marginalization of African cultural values and traditions by the designs of colonialism and apartheid have resulted in the distortion and disorientation of some of the most fundamental aspects of the culture of the colonized. Undeniably, this phenomenon contributed immensely to the situation of 'underdevelopment' in Africa Culturally, people were prevented from engaging the European culture(s) on their own terms. Economically - because the African cultural heritage was degraded to the level of the 'savage', the 'primitive', 'uncivilized' and even the level of the 'superstitious' or 'mystical' compared to the ' logical' found in the Western cultural thought and behaviour - African people(s) were mostly prevented from participating in the development of the continent. More importantly, given the present unfolding scenario of the African leaders' dream for an African century- manifested in the transformation of the Organization of African Union into the African Union (AU) (during the week of the 9 to 12 July 2001) and the vision and mission of New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD) - juxtaposing this ideal to the pressures globalisation process exerts on the African continent, this study III seeks to identify essential elements of African Cultural Heritage that (if reclaimed and redefined) can contribute towards the transformation and development of (South) Africa and its people. The two critical questions here are: (a) Against the backdrop of Africa's economic disposition, what is the way forward for the continent to extricate itself from the quagmire of poverty, disease and instability? (b) Is Pan-Africanism the solution to the African crisis in the 2IIt century and the globalizing world? The African Renaissance discourse (as a new Pan-Africanism vision in the 2IIt century and a philosophical framework for (re)-construction and development) is central to this study, precisely because no nation that was uprooted from its soul can be able to recover wholly and progress without basing its socio-economic development plans on its own cultural identity and self-knowledge. It is hoped that this study will form part of existing critical resource material concerning the legacy of underdevelopment, and the constructive proposals and strategies critical in the socio-economic (re)-construction and development of Africa in the context of g1obalisation and its marginalising tendencies and practices against the countries of the South.Thesis (M.A.)-University of Durban-Westville, 2004.
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Weber, Eric. "National Crimes and Southern Horrors: Trans-Atlantic Conversations about Race, Empire, and Civilization, 1880-1900." Diss., 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/5037.
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National Crimes and Southern Horrors examines the contested meanings of the terms civilization, race, and empire in trans-Atlantic conversations during the last two decades of the nineteenth century. It argues that understanding these dialogues requires us to understand the interplay between regional and transnational definitions of these terms. It further explains both white Southern opposition to empire at the end of the nineteenth century as well as white Southern acceptance of their region as similar to European empires and imperial mission described in Rudyard Kipling's poem, "The White Man's Burden." Reading newspaper US and British articles and editorials, international periodicals, personal papers of activists and politicians in both the US South and Britain, it uncovers the dynamic definitions of race, empire, and civilization at play in the work of constructing the US South as both a part of and distinct from the imperial world. Reading conversations about Irish home rule, the gold standard, international bimetallism, British interactions with white and black Southerners, the disfranchisement of black men in the US South, the construction of Jim Crow, lynching in the US South, Turkish atrocities in Armenia, the Philippine American War and the Boer War, it reveals that to understand the transnational development of white supremacy in imperial sites in Africa, Asia, the West Indies, and the US South requires to look not only at the ways whites within each site defined their right to rule but also in the ways they looked to each other. It also argues that understanding the place of the US South within trans-Atlantic conversations about race and civilization but also regional politics and the ways that regional concerns structured and limited how people in Britain and the US South saw each other. Through comparison and conflict, the US South was an essential part in constructing global color lines, and imperial ideologies worked to prop up white Southern defenses for segregation and Jim Crow.
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Nyirabega, Euthalie. "Locating the African Renaissance in development discourse : a critical study." Thesis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/3061.
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The concern of this study is "locating the African Renaissance in development discourse: a critical study" and aims to investigate how the South African President Thabo Mbeki has conceptualized the African Renaissance. Through this the author has discovered the meaning of Mbeki's African Renaissance discourse with regard to its context in African development and how it is located in historical conceptions of development in Africa. Through this what innovation to development in Africa is presented by the discourse of the African Renaissance has been identified. Therefore this study is based primarily on an extensive literature research on conception of development and the African Renaissance. In comparison with other discourses on development, the study finds that Mbeki's African Renaissance discourse has been inspired by Pan-Africanist discourses such as self-reliance and African regeneration combined with dominant political and economic discourses such as globalization, good governance, structural adjustment and democracy. The study finds that the great contribution of Mbeki's African Renaissance is to call again on the Africans to realize their self-rediscovery and to restore the African's self esteem without which Africans will never become equipped for African development. However Mbeki stops short of attempting to suggest practical strategies to do so. The study finds that Mbeki' s Arican Renaissance discourse is moralistic and can no longer challenge global economic inequalities.Thesis (M.A.)- University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2001.
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Nyete, Liberty Takudzwa. "Exploring experiences and perspectives of health, illness and death in selected contemporary African postcolonial texts." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11602/1414.
Full textAbstract:
PhD (English Literature)Department of English
This study explored the depictions and perspectives of health, illness and death in selected postcolonial texts written after the year 2000. Although tantamount attention has been directed to notions of health, illness and death in literary texts (medical narratives) largely from scientific and clinical perspectives, the study primarily focuses on memoir accounts of experiences and perspectives of health, illness and death. In response to the dearth of critical work, which primarily refers to body and its wellbeing socially integrating clinical diagnosis and the socio-natural human factors. The study interrogates how memoirs depict the health, illness and death subjective experiences and perceptions of people in typical African communities. My argument is that literature and memoirs in particular, are a site where conceptions of perspectives and experiences of people (Africans) are (de)constructed. The experiences of health, illness and death are not an exception. In reading the selected texts, I focused on how a merger of factors such as culture, gender, beliefs (African and Religious), age, society, and social status are drawn from the personal narratives in the selected memoirs (re) conceptualise the notions of health, illness and death in a typical African community. The discourses in memoirs challenge the norms and the construction of human and social expectations in dominant ideological discourses such as culture, beliefs, gender, race, class, democracy, post colonialism, Afrocentrism among others. The study enters into a critical conversation with the postcolonial personal (memoir) representation of health, illness and death as a human social context. Using discourse analysis and literature review, I have placed Postcolonial, Afrocentric and bio-political perspectives of several writers in conversation with the health, illness and death defined practices voiced in the selected texts. The discursive debates in the study allow us to consider personal or individual experiences and perspectives as chambers, sites and conceptions of knowledge production in a typical African community and this either silence or make visible the minority and marginal African social ideals and interpretations of health, illness and death as well as body agency. The study established that, the hybridity of perspectives and experiences in personal narratives (memoirs), the subject, and discourses are in the ‘third’ space from where the writers challenge the norms which dictate over the nature of how the body (subject) and the other social factors decipher health, illness and death. Thus, my thesis concludes that the perspectives and experiences examined in the selected texts, the socio-cultural factors of human existence premise the interpretations of the clinical understanding of the body as the point of departure, but socio-cultural interpretations of the body pre-occupy perspectives and experiences of health, illness and death. The clinical aspects and interpretations of the human body are then perceived through the social production of information. The selected texts are Our Kind of People: A Continent's Challenge, A Country's Hope (2005) by Uzondimna Iweala, Eloquent Body (2012) by Dawn Garisch, The Last Right (2013) by Marianne Thamm, Postmortem (2014) by Maria Phalime , Holding My Breath (2016) by Ace Moloi.
NRF
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Ballie, Fiona Jane. "How can online communication aid the development of global citizenship in the intermediate phase of the revised South African national curriculum." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/673.
Full text
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Archary, Kogielam Keerthi. "The transmission of oral tradition in religious and domestic contexts among South African Tamil Indians." Thesis, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/6281.
Full textAbstract:
This study attempts to discuss the transmission of oral tradition in religious and domestic contexts among the Indian Tamil Hindu people of South Africa.
In chapter one, the focus of this study, as well as some reasons for choosing the Tamil group are discussed. The focus of this essay is to highlight the transmission of oral tradition in communities that have been physically separated from the original homes of those particular communities. Thereafter, in chapter two, examples of surviving domestic rituals are analysed. Life cycle rituals and calendrical rituals that are
performed in the home are discussed with examples. Examples of
surviving public rituals are considered in chapter three. An account of the rituals that are performed in the temple [either calendrical or of a personal nature] is given. In chapter four Tamil Hindu mythology which has survived in this country is given consideration. Lord Siva, in particular, is discussed to a greater extent. An overview of how some of the tradition has survived concludes this essay.Thesis (M.A.) - University of Natal, Durban. 1993.
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Mailula, Kgaogelo A. "Challenges of mainstreaming indigenous African music at intermediate phase (Grades 4-6) in South African primary schools: A Case Study of three schools in Gauteng Province, South Africa." Diss., 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11602/1139.
Full textAbstract:
MAASCentre for African Studies
Since its inception, the study of music in South African schools has been fashioned on Western Classical models. The change in orientation from the Eurocentric to the Afrocentric approach required that indigenous African music be accorded space in the curriculum. This study explores challenges in mainstreaming indigenous African music in the curriculum of South African primary schools. It specifically focuses on the Intermediate Phase (grades 4-6). This study enlists a variety of appropriate qualitative methodologies, such as interviews carried out with a sample of educators and schools. It also analysed relevant DVDs of indigenous African music performances. It is envisaged that findings emanating from this study will be of value to music educators, music curriculum planners, education specialists, and other stakeholders. The dissemination methods will include publications of relevant teaching materials for classroom purposes, as well as generating research articles for scholarly discourse.
NRF
30
Cankech, Onencan Apuke. "Examining the Wrongs Against the Present African Women: An Enquiry on Black Women’s Roles and Contributions from Antiquity - A Black African Male Scholarly Comparative Perspective." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/24546.
Full textAbstract:
The thesis examined the roles and contributions of Black women during the African ancient civilization by analyzing the lives, roles and contributions of Queen Hatshepsut and Nefertiti as case studies and interrogates how Black women positioned themselves as political, military and spiritual leaders during the age of antiquity. The argument is that African women were more involved as leaders in the affairs of their communities as compared to the contemporary times. By using African centered paradigms, Afrocentricity and juxtaposing robust anti-colonial and Black feminist thoughts, the thesis investigates and recreates systematic narratives of the past roles of African women at the very height of African civilization, discussed the changes in sex-gender roles and explained why contemporary women continue to experience difficulties in assessing position of leadership and resources. The study reproduces measured facts to confront the blurred roles and contributions of African women and situates it at the centre of education.
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Mabena, David Khuwa. "The role of initiation schools in the identity formation of Southern Ndebele adolescent boys." Diss., 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/17271.
Full textAbstract:
This study investigates the role of initiation schools in the identity formation
of Southern Ndebele adolescent boys. The subsequent influence of initiation
schools on scholastic achievement was also researched.
A qualitative research method was used to give a scientific support to the
findings made in literature. Interviewing and interview schedules were
employed as data-collecting techniques. Interviews were conducted with 10
initiates from the Ndzundza and the Manala initiation schools.
The positive outcomes of this research can, however, not be generalised, but
rather indicate possible tendencies that initiation schools play a significant
role in the identity formation of Southern Ndebele adolescent boys.Psychology of Education
M. Ed. (Psychology of Education)
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Leech, Stephen Michael. "Twentieth century images of the Zulu : selected representations in historical and political discourse." Diss., 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/17194.
Full textAbstract:
his dissertation examines representations of the Zulu in a variety of discourses. It also examines the role of black nationalisms in the construction of Zuluist discourse. The production of images of the Zulu began with the first Anglo-Zulu encounter in the nineteenth century. In 1879, the Anglo-Zulu War set a trend for image-making which was developed further in the twentieth century. The appearance of The Washing of the Spears and Zulu, initiated a chapter in the study of the Zulu which gave rise to publications that created startling mages of the Zulu. Despite
the publication of the James Stuart Archive, as well as serious studies of the Zulu, authors continued to use the same popular interpretations of the Zulu. During the early twentieth century, the 'native question' dominated South African politics, while in the 1990s, political protest, conceptualised as aggressive marches by 'warriors' and tourism have been the major representations.History
M.A. (History)
33
Raath, Johannes Jacobus. "Oorsprong en manifestasie van die Suid-Afrikaanse hartbees- of dakhuis : 'n kultuurhistoriese studie (Afrikaans)." Diss., 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/30478.
Full textAbstract:
AFRIKAANS: Hierdie verhandeling is ‘n studie van hartbees- of dakhuise, wat van 1652 tot in die 20ste eeu in Suid-Afrika voorgekom het. Jan van Rie¬beeck en sy gesin het aanvanklik (1652) in ‘n tydelike dakhuis in Tafelbaai gewoon. Dakhuise is deur die vee- en Trekboere, asook die Voortrekkers na die uithoeke van die land versprei. Die gevolgtrekking waartoe deur die studie gekom word is, dat die begrip hartbeeshuis dakhuise, ontwikkelde dakhuise en (lang)muurhuise vir tydelike bewoning insluit. Die dakraamwerk van die bootvormige dakhuis het uit ‘n vurkondersteunde-nokpaalkonstruksie bestaan. Drie dakraamtipes het by die wigvormige dakhuis voorgekom, naamlik die gaffelsuilondersteunde-nokpaalkonstruksie, vurkondersteunde-nokpaalkonstruksie en die kapstylraamwerk. Geen bewyse ter ondersteuning van die bestaande teorie oor die oor¬sprong van die term hartbeeshuis kon gevind word nie. Tydgenootlike getuienis het tot die gevolgtrekking gelei dat die oorsprong van die term hartbeeshuis met die vorm van die inheemse boksoort, die hartbees verband hou. Die Suid-Afrikaanse dakhuise toon direkte ooreenkomste met die millennia-oue Wes-Europese dakhuistradisie, waarvan die vorm en konstruksie ten spyte van geografiese verskille min of geensins verander het nie. Die lande van oorsprong en die prototipes word aangewys, waarna die Suid-Afrikaanse eweknie ten opsigte van die vorm, materiaal en konstruksie - met in beg rip van streekverskille - beskryf word. In die slotbeskouing word die betekenis van die dakhuis as Westerse woning, asook die bewaring daarvan kortliks in oënskou geneem. ENGLISH: The study focuses on the history of the South African hartbeeshuis or roof dwelling dating from 1652 well into the 20th century. For the first few months in Table Bay, Jan van Riebeeck and his family had to reside in a temporary roof dwelling. Roof dwellings were distributed through South Africa by the migrating stock-and cattle-farmers and eventually by the Voortrekkers. The conclusion of the study is that the concept hartbeeshuis refers to roof dwellings, developed roof dwellings and the temporary long walled house. The roof structure of the boat-shaped roof house consisted of a primary tong-support. The framework of the wedge-shaped roof dwelling takes one of three forms: it may consist of two forked uprights carrying a ridge tree against which the sides lean; it may consist of two pairs of sloping poles which cross at the apex to carry the ridge tree; or it may consist of a series of paired couples. No evidence could be found to support any of the existing theories regarding the origin of the term hartbeeshuis. Contemporary evidence confirms that the term is associated with the shape of the indigenous antelope, the hartbees. The South African roof dwelling correlate with the oldest building traditions in Western Europe. In South Africa, the basic shape and construction of the roof have only experienced little changes on a regional level. The various prototypes and the countries of origin are highlighted. The South African counterparts are described according to their shape, construction materials and technique. The study concludes with the significance of the roof dwelling as a Western dwelling type and the conservation thereof.Dissertation (MA (Cultural History))--University of Pretoria, 2007.
Historical and Heritage Studies
unrestricted
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Claros, Yujhan. "(Post-)Classical Coloniality; Identity, Gender (Trouble), and Marginality/subalternity in Hellenized Imperial Dynastic Poetry from Alexandria, with an epilogue on Rome." Thesis, 2021. https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-rtx8-ez62.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation is about how dominant identity is constructed through the centering and incorporation of marginal and subaltern subjectivities in Ancient Greek thought, with some preliminary consideration of the Classical Age but chiefly devoted to a study of Hellenistic poetic aesthetics at Ptolemaic Alexandria. The thesis argues ultimately for a specifically Queer and Afrocentric reading of the ArgonautikaI use postcolonial methods, tactics, and strategies to theorize the genealogical intersection(s) of gender and race, and explore the ancient roots of racism. I am indebted in my work to Critical Race Theory, Gender and Queer Theory, Intersectionality Theory and Decolonial Studies.
Guided by the millennial discourses of the Coloniality of power and the contributions of Aníbal Quijano and his intellectual heirs to critical thought and theory—positing the fundamental and central functions of epistemological thought, knowledge-production and the control and regulation of knowledge within oppressive social orders as specifically and particularly interrelated practices in the European colonialism of Modernity, and enabling us to deconstruct out of our contemporary knowledge and social practices the oppressive consequences in Modernity as a result of the aftermath of Old World regimes in the New World—the argument throughout this dissertation subjects monuments of Classical Greek literature to an analysis that traces loosely a genealogy of how ideology and identity were constructed and fabricated in imperial contexts in the aftermath of the Greco-Persian Wars, during which time Hellenic peoples were first exposed to Empire, and some great portions of the Greek-speaking world came under the dominion of the Achaemenid imperial regime.
In a manner of speaking, this dissertation deconstructs the intersections of identity, including gender (and ethnicity) and “race”, at pivotal moments in the history of Greek Antiquity. Principal test-cases for this study analyze monumental texts produced in societies under the hegemony of “democratic” imperial authority at Athens in the 5th Century BCE and Ptolemaic Egypt in the 3rd Century, in the aftermath of Alexander’s conquests. This dissertation explores how the control and regulation of racialized and ethnic marginalities and subalternities is critical to civic and political structures in the Classical Age, as well as how the interrelated concept of the gendered other, in artistic expressions of knowledge and authority—high literary monuments—functioned critically to reify and justify imperial and colonial practices in the Ancient Greek World.
Chapter 1 consists primarily of readings of the Wesir-Heru (“Osiris-Horus”) dynastic succession myth from Egypt in representations of kingship and dynastic succession particularly in Africa and African spaces in the texts of Pindar, Herodotos, and Aiskhylos, including an exploration of the what at the instigation of Jackie Murry I call the Imagistic Poetics of Pindar and Aiskhylos in comparative consideration of Egyptian symbolic literary culture, including even the mdw-ntjr (“hieroglyphs”), and an especially instructive close reading of the center of the Agamemnon. To support my readings of Aiskhylos’ interactions with Egypt and Egyptian thought, I also consider how Aiskhylos interacted with the legacy of the Danaid myth. Situated in their proper historical contexts these readings demonstrate that during the height of the Achaemenid Empire in the Mediterranean World, which coincides incidentally with what we call the Greek Classical Age, Hellenism and Africanism were not mutually exclusive.
In fact, as we see early in Chapter 1 with Pindar, Africanism is coextensive with Panhellenism. Furthermore, and critically, as part of my readings of gender as racialized—i.e., constructed under the Ancient Greek linguistic paradigms that govern “racial” otherness (genos)—I show that Blackness, beyond representing masculinity and the male body in the Greek artistic and visual imagination, is separable notionally in the Ancient Greek imagination, and in critical contrast to the modern and contemporary situation, from Africanism. In order to perform this work, I call upon archaeology and material evidence to render a more coherent picture of the networks of culture accessible in the micro- and macro-regions of an interconnected and transnational Ancient Mediterranean. In Appendixes to Chapter 1, I also provide brief readings of intertextuality in the Hellenistic reception at Alexandria of Classical Greek interactions with Egypt, Libya, and the African cultural past and show the embeddedness of that interaction in literary encounters especially, a fact evident from the Classical Greek texts.
Chapter 2 explores the Hellenistic origins of Afro-Greek subjectivity in the literary record with Theokritos at Alexandria. I explore “race” in the West and the formation of Greek ethnicity in the East as a “kairological” artistic and poetic projection that exposes of the roots of 3rd-century universalist and globalist Ptolemaic imperial ideology. I also explore Space and identity, the social imaginary, and consequent(ial)ly the gendering of space in the poetry of Poseidippos. In my readings, we see texts engaged intimately with discourses about Sovereignty, and implicitly with the history of Rome and Qrt-ḥdšt (“Carthage”).
Chapters 3 and 4 function as a pair or couple. After a full historical and social contextualization of Ptolemaic Alexandria in the Hellenistic Age of the 3rd Century BCE, as well as an exploration of an inclusive range of Queer (including “LGBTQ+”) subjectivities in Alexandrian poetry in Chapter 3, in Chapter 4 I argue that in the Argonautika of Apollonios Rhodios Medeia represents a Queer woman who endures systematic heteronormative and patriarchal oppression, or heterosexism. This opens up Book 4 of the Argonautika for fertile close readings of the inclusive and all-encompassing aesthetics that constitute Hellenistic poetry, including authentically Kemetic (“Egyptian”) voices.
The Epilogue provides a roadmap for applying these analytic tools to the Latin Literature of Rome.
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Vergunst, Nicolaas. "Reform, resistance, reconstruction : an exploration of the Apollonian-Dionysian duality as a means for interpreting the politics of culture in South Africa (1976-1994)." Thesis, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/7348.
Full text
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Rieker, Mark Ivan. "Packaging behaviour : developing action kits for the promotion of road safety." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/1780.
Full textAbstract:
Recognising that road safety is a development priority in South Africa, this research project aims to compare the efficacy of the Social Marketing development communication approach with that of the education approach favoured by the National Department of Transport in road safety development interventions. The research is also driven by the identified need to explore the role of new Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in development.
To this end, road safety "action kits" were developed using Social Marketing principles and incorporating the use of interactive technology. Educational kits using information supplied by the National Department of Transport were also developed. The efficacy of the two interventions was compared by comparing the results of a road safety inventory across three groups of participants. These participants were learner drivers from Pietermaritzburg aged < 25 years and with access to the required technology. The first experimental group (N=36) received the action kits, the second experimental group (N=42) received the developed educational intervention and a third control group (N=40) received no intervention. The Social Marketing group was found to score higher than the education group across all items in the inventory (educational, attitudinal and
behavioural). The research concludes that the Social Marketing approach needs to be considered as an alternative to the current approach in road safety communication interventions. It also provides the basis for further exploration of the uses of ICTs in development interventions.Thesis (M.Soc.Sc.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2005.
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Van, Dijk Evert. "Socio-economic relations between the Ancient Near East and East Africa during the Old Testament era." Diss., 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1536.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation deals with a holistic and multidisciplinary approach to the socio-economic relations between the Ancient Near East and East Africa during the Old Testament period. In my opinion this multidisciplinary approach by using inter alia Biblical Archaeology, History and Economics has the potential to offer various comprehensive opportunities for the analysis and discussion of such socio-economic relationships. For example, the relationship between the United Monarchy of Israel and Phoenicia involves the geopolitical, economic and other situations. In the last chapter attempts are made to integrate all the relevant dimensions in a wellfounded conclusion.Biblical and Ancient Studies
M.A. (Biblical Archaeology)
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Banze, Irene Maria Lousada. "O ensino colonial em Moçambique: as missões religiosas no sul de Moçambique como instituições de habilitação para africanos (1911-1975)." Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/21678.
Full textAbstract:
Com enfoque no ensino para Africanos no sul de Moçambique, a presente tese
descreve e analisa o funcionamento das missões protestantes e católicas no Ensino para
Africanos durante a colonização. Conquanto o foco da análise esteja entre 1933 e 1974,
por ser este o período a que as narrativas dizem respeito, a tese inicia com uma abordagem
histórica sobre as missões em África no século XIX. Descreve-se, na abordagem, a
expansão da ação católica, realizada pelas ordens religiosas, e o lançamento da obra
protestante liderada pelas sociedades missionárias anglófonas, anglo-germânicas e anglosaxónicas. A missionação em África encontra eco na Conferência de Berlim, em 1884-
85, onde foi deliberado que o ensino para Africanos seria missionário. A industrialização
da África do Sul, que atinge o pico com a descoberta do ouro, em 1886, catalisa fluxos
laborais de africanos da África Austral para África do Sul, e a aglomeração de
missionários, que ganham convertidos africanos nas zonas rurais e industriais, afirmaram,
assim, os alicerces da missionação na região. O Tratado Luso-Britânico, de 1891, ao
ratificar a incumbência, consignada na Conferência de Berlim, de serem os missionários
a "civilizar" os africanos através de educação para o trabalho e moralização, impulsionou o
lançamento da ação missionária protestante no sul de Moçambique entre 1880 e 1910,
uma ação conjunta dos missionários na África do Sul e convertidos africanos. A partir de
1911 toda a missionação ficou sujeita à legislação portuguesa até que, com a Concordata
de 1940, a Igreja Católica ficou desvinculada e as missões protestantes aprisionadas. A
tese baseou-se em 45 entrevistas a atores da época colonial, designadamente, professores,
enfermeiros, liceais, prestadores de serviços.Focusing on African education in Southern Mozambique, the thesis describes and analyses the role of Protestant and Catholic missions in African education during the colonial regime. Notwithstanding that the focus of the analysis is on the years between 1933 and 1974 since that is the period covered in the interviews, the thesis begins with an historical account of missions in Africa during the 19th century. The historical account details the expansion of the Catholic missions by religious orders, and the Protestant move towards missionization by the Anglophone, Anglo-German and Anglo-Saxon Missionary Societies. Africa’s missionization was given a go-ahead by the 1884-85 Berlin Conference, as it ruled that African education be missionary. The industrialization of South Africa that attained its peak in 1886 with the discovery of gold, had a catalyzing effect on the influx of African labor migrants from Southern Africa to South Africa where the missionary clusters converted the African migrants in the rural and industrial areas; thus, setting the foundations of missionization in the region. The 1891 Portuguese-British Treaty, by ratifying the role assigned to the missionaries at the Berlin Conference, whereby missionaries should, through education and moralization "civilize" Africans, propelled the joint participation of missionaries based in South Africa and their African converts to set-up protestant missions in Southern Mozambique, between 1880 and 1891. From 1911 onwards, all missionary work in Mozambique was subject to Portuguese legislation until the signing of the 1940 Concordat that released the Catholic Church and left the Protestant missions bound. The thesis has been compiled through data from 45 interviewees, who played key roles in the colonial regime namely, teachers, nursing staff, college students and workers of the public and private sectors.
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Van, der Merwe Anna Susanna Petronella. "Die perspektief van die vroulike outeur op die Vlaamse koloniale era." Diss., 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/16262.
Full textAbstract:
Text in AfrikaansIn hierdie verhandeling word die tekste van onderskeidelik Mireille Cottenje (Dagboek van Carla - 1968), Daisy Ver Boven (Mayana - I974 ), Henriette Claessens (Afscheid van Rumangabo - 1983) en Lieve Joris (Terug naar Kongo - 1987) bespreek as verteenwoordigend van die koloniale literatuur deur die vroulike outeur. Die doel is om vas te stel hoe daar deur die vroue outeur in die Vlaamse letterkunde aan die Afrika-ervaring gestalte gegee is. Eerstens word 'n oorsig van die begrip koloniale literatuur gegee en daama word literer-histories op die Vlaamse Afrika-literatuur vanaf die prekoloniale- tot die postkoloniale era gefokus. Nadat 'n analise van die tekste gedoen is om die individuele perspektiewe te evalueer, blyk dit dat die vroue outeurs in 'n groot mate gemeenskaplike visies in hul siening van die koloniale era openbaar. 'n Beeld van die koloniale Kongo soos dit in die ervaringswereld van die vroue outeurs bly voortleefhet, kan so verkry word
In this thesis, the texts of Mireille Cottenje (Dagboek van Carla - 1968), Daisy Ver Boven (Mayana - 1974), Henriette Claessens (Afscheid van Rumangabo - 1983) and Lieve Joris (Terug naar Kongo - 1987) were respectively studied as representative of the colonial literature written by female authors. The aim is to establish how stature is given in the literature to the Africa experience by the female author. In the first instance the concept colonial literature is discussed followed by a historical review of the Flemish African literature from the pre-colonial to the postcolonial era. After an analysis has been completed to evaluate the individual perspectives of the different authors, it appears that the female authors reveal shared perspectives in their views on the colonial era. Through knowledge of the work of these authors, an image of the colonial Congo can be found, as it lives on in the world of the female literator
Afrikaans & Theory of Literature
M.A. (Afrikaans)
40
Adejumo-Ayibiowu, Oluwakemi Damola. "An afrocentric critique of the discourse of good governance and its limitations as a means of addressing development challenges in Nigeria." Thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/24992.
Full textAbstract:
The current study is an African-centred critique of the idea of ‘good governance’; which since the 1990s, has been a prescription of the international development institutions for all development challenges facing developing countries. Despite almost two decades of implementation of good governance reforms in Nigeria, poverty, corruption and underdevelopment persist. The analysis showed that the limited involvement of local people in the design of donor-sponsored good governance reforms mainly produced a universal, donor-conceptualized good governance agenda, which did not fully capture local issues.
Given this, the main objective of the current study was to develop a cultural, context-specific governance model that shares local citizens’ understanding of governance, as well as, addresses challenges of governance at local levels in Nigeria. However, given the diversity of cultures in Nigeria and the uniqueness of each of them, this study only focused on Southwest Nigeria.
Afrocentricity is the theoretical framework for this study. Mainstream development theories have mainly guided the development efforts of African countries but these theories are based on the experience of the European countries and primarily seek their interests. Given the failure of Eurocentric development theories in Nigeria, this study deemed it fit to adopt a theoretical framework that is based on African experience and that seeks African interests. Afrocentricity is the only theory in which the centrality of African interests, principles, and perceptions predominate (Pellebon 2007: 174).
In terms of methodology, this study adopted the case study design. The study also used both the qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection. But the study was largely qualitative because it relied on participants’ interpretations. The inclusion of quantitative data was for purposes of expanding and complementing the interpretive information.
The study is significant because the findings provide agency to indigenous people in Nigeria by the voicing their perception of governance. The study also identified context-specific issues affecting governance in Nigeria, which were not captured in the donor’s universal good governance agenda. The study proposed how the principles that have enabled the effectiveness of traditional governance systems could be incorporated into formal governance to achieve better government performance. Most importantly, this study offers context-specific and people-centred recommendations to address Nigeria’s governance and development challenges. This study’s Afrocentric approach to the understanding of good governance is an epistemological rupture against the Eurocentric idea of good governance.Development Studies
PhD (Philosophy)
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Masaka, Dennis. "Impact of Western colonial education in Zimbabwe's traditional and postcolonial educational system(s)." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/20951.
Full textAbstract:
In this study, we employ the theory of deconstruction to challenge and reject the
contention that a knowledge paradigm was non-existent among the indigenous people of
Zimbabwe before the arrival of the colonisers. This is necessary because the imposition
of the colonisers’ knowledge paradigm was premised on the supposed absence of an
epistemology among the indigenous people. In defending the thesis that education and
indeed an epistemology was in existence among the indigenous people of Zimbabwe, we submit that education is part of any given culture. In the light of this, it becomes
untenable to deny the existence of education among the indigenous people of Zimbabwe
before the arrival of the colonisers. Knowledge ceases to be the exclusive preserve of the
colonisers. It must be noted that the imposition of the colonisers’ knowledge paradigm
was accompanied by the suppression and partial destruction of the epistemology of the
indigenous people.
The suppression and partial destruction of the indigenous people’s epistemological
paradigm is called epistemicide. The epistemicide that the colonisers inflicted on the
indigenous people led to the exclusive dominance of their knowledge paradigm in the
school curriculum at the expense of that of the indigenous people. In the light of this
status quo, we present transformation and Africanisation as corrective to the unjustified
dominance of the present day curriculum by the epistemological paradigm of the
colonisers. We argue that despite the commendable proposals contained in the Report of
the Presidential Commission of Inquiry into Education and Training (1999: 24) to
change the curriculum so that unhu/ubuntu becomes its organising principle and to allow
the co-existence of the indigenous people’s epistemological paradigm and others, in
practice the dominance of the colonisers’ epistemological paradigm remains in place. We
submit that the Africanisation of the curriculum is a matter of justice that demands the
end of the dominance of the knowledge paradigm of the colonisers and the co-existence
of the indigenous people’s knowledge paradigm and othersPhilosophy, Practical and Systematic Theology
D.Litt et Phil. (Philosophy)