Dissertations / Theses: 'African americans – employment – history'

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Miller, Paul T. "THE INTERPLAY OF HOUSING, EMPLOYMENT AND CIVIL RIGHTS IN THE EXPERIENCE OF SAN FRANCISCO'S AFRICAN AMERICAN COMMUNITY, 1945-1975." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2008. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/4654.

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African American Studies
Ph.D.;
The war industries associated with World War II brought unparalleled employment opportunities for African Americans in California's port cities. Nowhere was this more evident than in San Francisco, a city whose African American population grew by over 650% between 1940 and 1945. With this population increase also came an increase in racial discrimination directed at African Americans, primarily in the employment and housing sectors. The situation would only get worse throughout the 1950s and 1960s as manufacturing jobs moved to the East Bay where race restrictive housing policies kept African Americans from moving with them. In San Francisco, most African Americans were effectively barred from renting or buying homes in all but a few neighborhoods, neighborhoods often characterized by dilapidated structures and over-crowded conditions. Except for the well educated and lucky, employment opportunities for African Americans were open only at or near entry levels for white collar positions or in unskilled and semi-skilled blue collar positions. Despite such challenges, San Francisco's African American population nearly doubled between 1950 and 1960. This community would push hard against the doors of discrimination and find that with concerted effort they would give way. During the 1960s and 1970s, civil rights groups formed coalitions to picket and protest thereby effectively expanding job opportunities and opening the housing market for African American San Franciscans. This dissertation examines the challenges and exigencies of San Francisco's growing African American community from the end of World War II through 1975. It describes and explains obstacles and triumphs faced and achieved in areas such as housing, employment, education and civil rights. No scholarship presently available presents as detailed an examination of San Francisco's post-Industrial African American population as does this work. It is not however, meant as a comparative study among Bay Area cities but rather narrowly focused study examining San Francisco's African American population to the exclusion of other Bay Area cities with sizable African American populations such as Oakland, Berkeley or Richmond. This dissertation also adds to the body of scholarship about the intersection of race and geography as it relates to the post-Industrial African American experience.
Temple University--Theses

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2

Washington, Julius C. "Historic preservation, history, and the African American a discussion and framework for change /." Thesis, Atlanta, Georgia. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 1992. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA252306.

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Thesis (Master of City Planning) Georgia Institute of Technology, March 1991.
"March 6, 1992." Description based on title screen as viewed on April 8, 2009. Includes bibliographical references (p. 124-126). Also available in print.

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Cosby, Bruce. "Technological politics and the political history of African-Americans." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1995. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/AAI9543185.

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This dissertation is a critical study of technopolitical issues in the history of African American people. Langdon Winner's theory of technopolitics was used to facilitate the analysis of large scale technologies and their compatibility with various political ends. I contextualized the central technopolitical issues within the major epochs of African American political history: the Atlantic slave trade, the African artisans of antebellum America, and the American Industrial Age. Throughout this study I have sought to correct negative stereotypes and to show how "technological gauges" were employed to belittle people of African descent. This research also has shown that the mainstream notion that Africans had no part in the history of technology is false. This study identifies and analyses specific technologies that played a major role in the political affairs of Africans and African Americans. Those technologies included nautical devices, fort construction, and automatic guns in Africa, and hoes, plows, tractors, cotton gins, and the mechanical cotton pickers in America. The findings of this study suggested that African Americans have been disengaged and victimized by western technologies. This dissertation proposes how to overcome the oppressive uses of technology.

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4

Vaughn, Curtis L. "Freedom Is Not Enough| African Americans in Antebellum Fairfax County." Thesis, George Mason University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3671770.

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Prior to the Civil War, the lives of free African Americans in Fairfax County, Virginia were both ordinary and extraordinary. Using the land as the underpinning of their existence, they approached life using methods that were common to the general population around them. Fairfax was a place that was undergoing a major transition from a plantation society to a culture dominated by self-reliant people operating small farms. Free African Americans who were able to gain access to land were a part of this process allowing them to discard the mantle of dependency associated with slavery. Nevertheless, as much as ex-slaves and their progeny attempted to live in the mainstream of this rural society, they faced laws and stereotypes that the county's white population did not have to confront. African Americans' ability to overcome race-based obstacles was dependent upon using their labor for their own benefit rather than for the comfort and profit of a former master or white employer.

When free African Americans were able to have access to the labor of their entire family, they were more likely to become self-reliant, but the vestiges of the slave system often stymied independence particularly for free women. Antebellum Fairfax had many families who had both slave and free members and some families who had both white and African American members. These divisions in families more often adversely impacted free African American women who could not rely on the labor of an enslaved husband or the lasting attention of a white male. Moreover, families who remained intact were more likely to be able to care for children and dependent aging members, while free African American females who headed households often saw their progeny subjected to forced apprenticeships in order for the family to survive.

Although the land provided the economic basis for the survival of free African Americans, the county's location along the border with Maryland and the District of Columbia also played a role in the lives of the county's free African American population. Virginia and its neighbors remained slave jurisdictions until the Civil War, but each government wished to stop the expansion of slavery within its borders. Each jurisdiction legislated against movement of new slaves into their territory and attempted to limit the movement of freed slaves into their jurisdictions. Still, in a compact border region restricting such movement was difficult. African Americans used the differences of laws initially to petition for freedom. As they gained access to the court system, free African Americans expanded their use of the judiciary by bringing their grievances before the courts which sided with the African American plaintiffs with surprising regularity. Although freed slaves and their offspring had few citizenship rights, they were able to use movement across borders and the ability to gain a hearing for their grievances to achieve increasing autonomy from their white neighbors.

No one story from the archives of the Fairfax County Courthouse completely defines the experience of free African Americans prior to the Civil War, but collectively they chronicle the lives of people who were an integral part of changing Fairfax County during the period. After freedom, many African Americans left Fairfax either voluntarily or through coercion. For those who stayed, their lives were so inter-connected both socially and economically with their white neighbors that any history of the county cannot ignore their role in the evolution of Fairfax.

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Chapi, Aicha. "Towards a reading of Toni Morrison's fiction : African-American history, the arts and contemporary theory /." Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1995. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19671441.

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Grimm, Kevin E. "Symbol of Modernity: Ghana, African Americans, and the Eisenhower Administration." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1334240469.

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Kendall, Clayton Maxwell. "International Activism of African Americans in the Interwar Period." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2016. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/564.

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African Americans have a rich history of activism, but their involvement in affecting change during the interwar period is often overlooked in favor of post-Civil War and post-World War II coverage. African Americans also have a rich history of reaching out to the international community when it comes to that activism. This examination looks to illuminate the effect of the connections African Americans made with the rest of the world and how that shaped their worldview and their activism on the international stage. Through the use of newspapers and first-hand accounts, it becomes clear how African American figures and world incidents shaped what the African American community in the United States took interest in. In Paris, however, musicians explored a world free from Jim Crow, and the Pan-African Congresses created and encouraged a sense of unity among members of the black race around the globe. When violence threatened Ethiopians through the form of an Italian invasion, African Americans chose to speak out, and when they saw the chance at revenge against fascists they joined the Spanish Republic in their fight against Francisco Franco. In the interwar period African Americans took to heart the idea of black unity and chose to act in the interest of the black race on the international stage. Their ideas and beliefs changed over the course of the two decades between the World Wars, eventually turning thoughts into actions and lashing out against any injustice that befell any member of the black race.

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Pinkham, Caitlin E. "The integration of African Americans in the Civilian Conservation Corps in Massachusetts." Thesis, University of Massachusetts Boston, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10010722.

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The Civilian Conservation Corps employed young white and black men between the ages of eighteen and twenty-five. In 1935 Robert Fechner, the Director of the Civilian Conservation Corps, ordered the segregation of Corps camps across the country. Massachusetts’ camps remained integrated due in large part to low funding and a small African American population. The experiences of Massachusetts’ African American population present a new general narrative of the Civilian Conservation Corps. The Federal government imposed a three percent African American quota, ensuring that African Americans participated in Massachusetts as the Civilian Conservation Corps expanded. This quota represents a Federal acknowledgement of the racism African Americans faced and an attempt to implement affirmative action against these hardships.

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Maris-Wolf, Edward Downing. "Between Slavery and Freedom: African Americans in the Great Dismal Swamp 1763-1863." W&M ScholarWorks, 2002. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626358.

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Hoak, Michael Shane. "The Men in Green: African Americans and the Civilian Conservation Corps, 1933-1942." W&M ScholarWorks, 2002. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626375.

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Fitchue, M. Anthony. "Situating the contributions of Alain Leroy Locke within the history of American Adult Education, 1920-1953 /." Access Digital Full Text version, 1995. http://pocketknowledge.tc.columbia.edu/home.php/bybib/1179074x.

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Thesis (Ed.D.)--Teachers College, Columbia University, 1995.
Typescript; issued also on microfilm. Sponsor: Kathleen Loughlin. Dissertation Committee: Matthais Finger. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 431-463).

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12

Naidoo, Anthony Vernon. "Factors affecting the career maturity of African-American university students : a causal model." Virtual Press, 1993. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/862292.

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Since the 1970s, several researchers have questioned the applicability of theories of career development based on research with White males to women, minority group members, andindividuals from low socioeconomic milieus. This study examined the validity of D.E. Super's theory of career development in an underresearched subject population, African-American male and female university students. A conceptual model of career maturity composed of determinants derived from Super's theory (1953, 1972, 1990) and based on research with Caucasians was hypothesized and examined. The rationale was that finding a good fit of the model that also accounted for a significant proportion of the variance would support the adequacy of Super's theory in explaining the career maturity of African-American students as well.The co-determinants of career maturity in the model were sex, educational level, and socioeconomic status (SES) as exogenous variables, and causality and work salience as endogenous variables. Causality and work salience were depicted as latent variables mediating the effects of the demographic variables on career maturity. The model was tested on a sample of 288 African-American students from freshman to doctoral levels. Additional hypotheses investigated which variables in the model were the best predictors of career maturity, sex differences in commitment to the work-role and in career maturity, and the relationship between SES and career maturity.Structural equation modeling using the EQS software program (Bentler, 1989) indicated that, while a good fit of the hypothesized model was obtained, only 12% of the variance in career maturity was explained by the variables in the model. The results suggested that Super's theory may not be wholly adequate in explaining the career maturity of African-American university students. Only commitment to work and educational level were found to be significant predictors of career maturity. Female students were found to be more committed to the work-role and to be more career mature than male students. In general, African-American students exhibited higher participation, commitment, and value expectations in the role of home and family than for the work-role. No significant relationship between SES strata and career maturity was found. Implications for theory, research, and practice were delineated and variables that may be more salient for African-American students' career maturity were also identified.
Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services

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13

Marvel, Heather M. SoRelle James M. "The history of African Americans in Fort Worth, Texas, 1875-1980." Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/5100.

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14

Slaten-Thomson, Mellace. "A qualitative exploratory study of African American men's experiences and/or perceptions of class or racial discrimination in relation to their social and economic status, education job opportunity and employment." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1995. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1130.

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15

Vinas-Nelson, Jessica. "The Future of the Race: Black Americans' Debates Over Interracial Marriage." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu155557927861785.

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16

Trembanis, Sarah L. ""They opened the door too late": African Americans and baseball, 1900-1947." W&M ScholarWorks, 2006. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539623506.

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During Jim Crow, the sport of baseball served as an important arena for African American resistance and negotiation. as a (mostly) black enterprise, the Negro Leagues functioned as part of a larger African American movement to establish black commercial ventures during segregation. Moreover, baseball's special status as the national pastime made it a significant public symbol for African American campaigns for integration and civil rights.;This dissertation attempts to interrogate the experience and significance of black baseball during Jim Crow during the first half of the twentieth century. Relying on newspapers, magazines, memoirs, biographies, and previously published oral interviews, this work looks at resistance and political critique that existed in the world of black sport, particularly in the cultural production of black baseball.;Specifically, this dissertation argues that in a number of public and semi-public arenas, African Americans used baseball as a literal and figurative space in which they could express dissatisfaction with the strictures of Jim Crow as well as the larger societal understanding of race during the early twentieth century. African Americans asserted a counter-narrative of black racial equality and superiority through their use of physical space in ballparks and on the road during travel, through the public negotiation of black manhood on the pages of the black press, through the editorial art and photography of black periodicals, and through the employment of folktales and nicknames.;The African American experience during Jim Crow baseball and the attendant social and cultural production provide a window into the subtle and unstated black resistance to white supremacy and scientific racism. Thus this dissertation explores and identifies the political meanings of black baseball.

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Coil, William Russell. "Mayoral politics and new deal political culture: James Rhodes and the African-American voting bloc in Columbus, Ohio, 1943-1951." The Ohio State University, 1996. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1399627321.

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18

Atmaca, Munevver. "Crossing the Divide: Voice and Representation of African Americans : Kathryn Stockett and Harper Lee: - I understand the weight of history but can I be your sister?" Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för kultur och lärande, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-30602.

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This project examines how the oppression of African Americans, especially those in domestic service to white families, is reflected in literature. The two works The Help and To Kill a Mockingbird will be the main sources. I investigate issues of race and skin colour, as well as the depiction of the ‘black’ and‘ white’ races in America in literature. Yet I will also make use of writers on African American issues to evaluate the writings on the main works concerned. What I will try to establish is whether the two authors (Kathryn Stockett and Harper Lee) effectively give a voice to the less empowered African-American segment of US society (this question of empowerment will be addressed below). And most importantly, I attempt to understand how two white women from relatively privileged backgrounds can reach across the supposed racial divide and, through aesthetic expression. I contend that peaceful protest and the mobilization of the arts in all its forms raised awareness of the terrible wrongs suffered by African Americans in the timeframe concerned in this work – anawareness raised not just in the USA but also around the world - and led to a new situation in which discrimination is not only illegal, but also widely acknowledged as deeply wrong.

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Holder, Meghan Brooke. "Strange Fruit: Images of African Americans in Advertising Cards and Postcards, 1860-1930." W&M ScholarWorks, 2012. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626680.

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Campo, Allison Michelle. "Nineteenth Century Enslaved African Americans' Coping Strategies for the Stresses of Enslavement in Virginia." W&M ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626789.

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21

Golden, Timothy. "James Samuel Stemons history of an unknown laborer and intellectual, 1890-1922 /." Diss., Connect to the thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10066/1007.

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22

Chambers, Jason P. "Getting a job and changing an image : African-Americans in the advertising industry, 1920-1975 /." The Ohio State University, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486399160104473.

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23

Moss, Janice W. "The history and advancement of African-Americans in advertising from 1895 to 1995." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1996. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/3667.

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This study examined the history and advancement of African-Americans in advertising from 1895 to 1995 by analyzing images and portrayals of African-Americans in the print and broadcasting media. In addition, the study traced the growth of the African-American consumer market which was created largely by Black businesses. Pertinent information regarding the history and progress of African-Americans in advertising was obtained through interviews conducted by the author with media and advertising industry professionals from regional and national corporations. The conclusions of this study show that in today's contemporary society the interaction and inclusion of African-Americans in the advertising industry reveal positive and progressive signs. However, forces such as racism, discrimination, and segregation slowed the progress of Black Americans in advertising for decades. Nonetheless, America has witnessed progress from the largely negative advertising images of Aunt Jemima and Sambo to a photograph of sports hero Michael Jordan on a Wheaties cereal box.

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Sturkey, William Mychael. "The Heritage of Hub City: The Struggle for Opportunity in the New South, 1865-1964." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1343155676.

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Bouyer, Anthony L. "African American Males’ Ideas about School Success: A Research Study." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1502211217825789.

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Powell, Susie Hawley. "Black Reconstruction in Norfolk, Virginia, 1861-1870 : the struggle for change /." Thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-09052009-040509/.

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Simpson, Tiwanna Michelle. "'She has her country marks very conspicuous in the face' : African culture and community in early Georgia /." The Ohio State University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486549482672375.

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Jackson, Jackie. "Reconstruction the most prolific period in Black history /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2007. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p031-0171.

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Jones, Derrick Paul. "The Policing Strategy of Racial Profiling and its Impact on African Americans." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4000.

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Prior literature on racial profiling indicates that African Americans have been mistreated, harassed, and discriminated against by law enforcement because of this controversial policing strategy. The purpose of this qualitative research study was to bridge the gap in knowledge by analyzing the impact of racial profiling on African American adults and discover whether it contributed to unintentional violence in racial and ethnic minority communities. The theoretical framework for this research study was critical race theory. The research question for this study was: How does racial profiling impact African Americans' perception of the police? This phenomenological research study used purposeful sampling to locate 7 African American participants that were interviewed regarding their lived experience with racial profiling. The data collected from the interviews were organized, sorted, and coded to reveal patterns and themes. The findings revealed that the participants believed that they were discriminated against, harassed, treated like criminals, and profiled by the police because of the color of their skin without just cause. Themes that were identified from the data collected and analyzed revealed that the perceptions of the police contributed to African Americans resentment of the police, which frequently results in violence and loss of human life. The implications for positive social change for this study includes the potential redesign of policing and the criminal justice system, the development of new crime fighting strategies that do not involve racial profiling, the creation of new federal and state laws prohibiting racial profiling, cultural awareness and cultural competency education for all police officers, and improved relationships between police and the African American community.

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Jessen, Julie K. "African-American culture and history : northwestern Indiana, 1850-1940 : a context statement for the Indiana State Historic Preservation Office." Virtual Press, 1996. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1027112.

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The 1980 amendments to the 1966 National Historic Preservation Act require each State Historic Preservation Office to research and document specific themes important to the history and development of the state. These statements, included in the state's comprehensive preservation plan, aid in the identification and evaluation of historic properties as potential National Register sites.Indiana has developed twelve broad themes to be used in the creation of context statements for the state's seven regions. Area Seven includes Lake, Porter, LaPorte, Pulaski, Starke, Jasper, Newton, Benton and White counties. This context statement provides essential information for defining significant historic properties related to African-American history in northwestern Indiana between 1850 and 1940.
Department of Architecture

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Taft, Kimberly E. "Absent Voices: Searching for Women and African Americans at Historic Stagville and Somerset Place Historic Sites." NCSU, 2010. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-03272010-120644/.

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This thesis examines the interpretation at Somerset Place and Historic Stagville, two North Carolina Historic Sites. While the interpretation of slavery at plantation museums has received increased attention, much remains to be explored regarding the interpretation of women. In addition to examining the interpretation, this thesis explores the history of both Somerset Place and Stagville as active plantations and later historic sites. This thesis proposes that interpretations of race and gender are interconnected but not always concurrent at plantation museums. While the first chapter explores the history of Somerset Place, the second examines Stagville. The final chapter focuses on the current interpretation found at both sites.

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Gass, Thomas Anthony. ""A Mean City": The NAACP and the Black Freedom Struggle in Baltimore, 1935-1975." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1388690697.

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Smith, Neville Benjamin. "The history of vocational education's role in educating the disadvantaged, 1800s to 1963." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27988.

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Coleman, De'Nean MeChele. "The effect of discrimination on hiring practices." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1992. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/524.

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Bowers, Fashion S. "Pseudo-Democracy in America, 1945-1960: Anticommunism versus the Social Issues of African Americans and Women." [Johnson City, Tenn. : East Tennessee State University], 2002. http://etd-submit.etsu.edu/etd/theses/available/etd-0330102-152747/unrestricted/Bowersf041802a.pdf.

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Lauer, John. "The war and race museum : adding African-American history to the Cyclorama." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/23097.

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Knight, Felice F. "Slavery and the Charleston Orphan House, 1790-1860." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1374152542.

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Wells, Brandy Thomas. "“She Pieced and Stitched and Quilted, Never Wavering nor Doubting”:A Historical Tapestry of African American Women’s Internationalism, 1890s-1960s." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1440177494.

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Ward, Adah Louise. "The African-American struggle for education in Columbus, Ohio: 1803-1913." Connect to resource, 1993. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1244143944.

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Chic, Ciara L. "Hidden pathways : a study of interrelationships among Native and African Americans in 18th century Virginia." CardinalScholar 1.0, 2010. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1562871.

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There are gaps within American history that overlook histories of other cultures that are embedded and interwoven in this nation’s history. The voices of Natives and African- Americans have been drowned out by dominating Eurocentric views and documentation. This study will document and analyze the entangled histories of Natives and Africans in Virginia during the early colonial period. The purpose of my study is to examine more in depth the relationships and interactions between Native Americans and Africans through historic documents and material cultural studies. I want to find out why and how these peoples formed cross-cultural and created hybrid bonds and cultures through community development, marriage and kinship during the 18th century. This study will cross the boundaries of race, ethnicity, gender, class and nationalism and contribute to a deeper understanding of intersectional processes. It will also demonstrate that relationships between Africans and American Indians were prevalent in the Virginia colony and the Upper Southeastern region as a whole.
Introduction -- Theory and literature review -- Historical context -- Race and racism -- Contact of Natives and Africans -- Conclusion.
Department of Anthropology

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Roberts, Anna K. "Finding their Place in An American City: Perspectives on African Americans and French Creoles in Antebellum St. Louis." W&M ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1477068251.

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“The Valor and Spirit of Bygone Times”: The Memory of the Battle of St. Louis and the Persistence of St. Louis’s Creole Community, 1820-1847 In the context of the American Revolution, the Battle of St. Louis is a mere footnote, resulting in under 100 casualties. But to the St. Louisans who experienced it – mostly French civilians living in a Spanish territory, many of whom lost loved ones in the battle – it was the defining event of their lifetimes. This paper focuses on two antebellum tellings of the battle story - Thomas Hart Benton's speech in the United States Senate in 1822 and Creole Wilson Promm's speech at St. Louis's anniversary celebration of 1847 - to explore the ways in which Creoles and their allies altered the battle narrative to serve their own cultural or political ends. A close reading of these tales reveals that despite their declining numbers and waning cultural influence, French Creoles remained a distinctive and politically important community in St. Louis throughout the antebellum period. Furthermore, Primm's speech complicates traditional narratives of the nativist moment, showing that some Catholic non-immigrants - such as St. Louis Creoles - risked being targets of nativist prejudice and that they took steps to prevent this, such as invoking the Battle of St. Louis as proof of American bona fides. Crossing Jordan: Black St. Louisans and the Mississippi River, 1815-1860 In the antebellum United States, two rivers – the Ohio and the Mississippi – combined to form a thousand-mile border between slavery and freedom. Yet political boundaries between slavery and freedom do not always map neatly onto cultural or ideological landscapes. A close examination of Mississippi River crossings and trans-Mississippi connections of slaves and free blacks from St. Louis (by far the largest southern city located on the boundary) complicates any simple dichotomy of “Missouri-slave” and “Illinois-free.” In addition to the (hopefully) one-time crossings of blacks fleeing slavery in Missouri, St. Louis free blacks established social networks that extended across the river, and used both temporary and permanent crossings as strategic solutions to problems they faced in St. Louis. at other times, however, they chose to stay in St. Louis, strategic decisions which suggest reveal much about their attitudes toward the river and suggest the limited nature of the freedom available in Illinois. An examination of these crossings reveals the ambiguous and permeable nature of the Mississippi as a boundary between slavery and freedom.

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Kuehnl, Nathan. "Establishing Professional Legitimacy: Black Physicians and the Journal of the National Medical Association." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1382115117.

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43

Taylor, Shockley Megan Newbury. ""We, too, are Americans": African American women, citizenship, and civil rights activism in Detroit and Richmond, 1940-1954." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/284135.

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This dissertation explores the activities of middle- and working-class African American women during and immediately after World War II in Detroit and Richmond, Virginia, in order to examine how World War II enabled African American women to negotiate new state structures in order to articulate citizenship in a way that located them within the state as contributors to the war effort and legitimated their calls for equality. This study provides a new understanding of the groundwork that lay behind the civil rights activism of the 1950s and 1960s. By looking at African American women's wartime protest and exploring how those women created templates for activism and networks for the dissemination of new discourses about citizenship, it reveals the gendered roots of the civil rights movement. This study uses a cross-class analysis within a cross-regional analysis in order to understand how African American women of different socioeconomic levels transformed their relationship with the state in order to use state structures to gain equality in diverse regions of the country. Class and region framed African American women's possibilities for activism. In both Detroit and Richmond, women's class positions and local government structures affected how African American women constructed claims to citizenship and maintained activist strategies to promote equality. This study finds that the new discourse and programs of middle-class African American women, linked with the attempts of working-class women to gain and retain jobs and better living conditions, contributed to a new sense of militancy and urgency within the civil rights movement of the 1940s and 1950s. By attempting to claim their rights based solely on their status as citizens within the state, African American women greatly contributed to the groundwork and the ideology of the more aggressive civil rights campaigns of the 1950s and 1960s. African American women's initial forays into desegregating restaurants, jobs, transportation, and housing created the momentum for the entire African American community's struggle for equality.

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Baird, Jim. "Black Employment Opportunities: The Role of Immigrant Job Concentrations." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2006. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/sociology_theses/6.

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Recent, post-1980, immigration patterns have had a dramatic effect on U.S. labor markets, leading to considerable debate about the impact of immigration on native-born black workers. This research examines immigrant and black labor markets, across metropolitan areas, using Public Use Microdata and Summary File data from Census 2000 to generate low, mid, and high classifications of immigrant and black occupations based on socio-economic index (SEI). Multivariate findings indicate that the effect of recent immigration on black labor market outcomes differs by occupational level. Competition for low-skilled jobs is identified for native-born blacks in low-level jobs while a “bump-up” effect is identified for blacks in mid-level jobs. For example, production occupations with low language and skill requirements are shown to be contested among the groups. On the other hand, service and administrative functions emerge as bump-up mechanisms that create opportunity for black workers who amass the human capital required of these occupations. Thus, the ramifications of immigration for native-born blacks are shown to be quite different for low- and mid-SEI jobs.

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Melton, Jimmy Robert. "Amber Valley: A black enclave in northern Alberta, Canada." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1994. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/940.

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Robinson, Alicia M. "ACADEMICALLY SUCCESSFUL AFRICAN AMERICAN WOMEN: AN EXAMINATION OF MOTIVATION AND CONTEXTUAL INFLUENCES." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1460632660.

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Queener, Nathan Lee. "The People of Mount Hope." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1263334302.

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Cox, Kyle. "Conserving the Urban Environment: Hough Residents, Riots, and Rehabilitation, 1960-1980." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1428054448.

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Hancock, Carole Wylie. "Honorable Soldiers, Too: An Historical Case Study of Post-Reconstruction African American Female Teachers of the Upper Ohio River Valley." Ohio : Ohio University, 2008. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1205717826.

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Rosenkrans, Amy. ""The Good Work"| Saint Frances Orphan Asylum and Saint Elizabeth's Home, Two Baltimore Orphanages for African Americans." Thesis, Notre Dame of Maryland University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10271749.

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Saint Frances Orphan Asylum and Saint Elizabeth Home were institutions in post-bellum Baltimore for African American orphans. Saint Frances Orphan Asylum was founded and managed by the Oblate Sisters of Providence, the first community of women religious of African origin. The Franciscan Sisters, whose order originated in England, directed Saint Elizabeth’s Home. As Catholic institutions, the orphanages received support, albeit in differing levels, from the Archdiocese of Baltimore. This study investigated the two institutions and their place in the Catholic Church. Primary source documents from the Oblate Sisters of Providence Archive and the Franciscan Sisters of Baltimore Archive form the basis for this dissertation. An analysis of those documents, and others, reveals that race and gender were critical factors in Catholic support of the two institutions. Saint Elizabeth Home, run by a white order of nuns, received a great deal more backing, both financial and political, than did Saint Frances Orphan Asylum. Support for the Oblates and their institution varied depending upon the leadership of the church at a particular time and the personal beliefs.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'African americans – employment – history'

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