Relevant bibliographies by topics / African American women critics

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
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Academic literature on the topic 'African American women critics'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 29 July 2024
Last updated: 30 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "African American women critics"

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Różalska, Aleksandra. "Transgressing the Controlling Images of African-American Women? Performing Black Womanhood in Contemporary American Television Series." EXtREme 21 Going Beyond in Post-Millennial North American Literature and Culture, no. 15 (Autumn 2021) (November 20, 2021): 273–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.7311/pjas.15/2/2021.07.

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Drawing from intersectionality theories and black feminist critiques of white, masculinist, and racist discourses still prevailing in the American popular culture of the twenty-first century, this article looks critically at contemporary images of African-American women in the selected television series. For at least four decades critics of American popular culture have been pointing to, on the one hand, the dominant stereotypes of African-American women (the so-called controlling images, to use the expression coined by Patricia Hill Collins) resulting from slavery, racial segregation, white racism and sexism as well as, on the other hand, to significant marginalization or invisibility of black women in mainstream film and television productions. In this context, the article analyzes two contemporary television shows casting African-American women as leading characters (e.g., Scandal, 2012-2018 and How To Get Away With Murder, 2014-2020) to see whether these narratives are novel in portraying black women’s experiences or, rather, they inscribe themselves in the assimilationist and post-racial ways of representation.
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Gikandi, Simon. "Paule Marshall and the search for the African diaspora." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 73, no. 1-2 (January 1, 1999): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002586.

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[First paragraph]The Fiction of Paule Marshall: Reconstructions of History, Culture, and Gender. DOROTHY HAMER DENNISTON. Knoxville: University of Tennesee Press, 1995. xxii + 187 pp. (Paper US$ 15.00)Toward Wholeness in Paule Marshall's Fiction. JOYCE PETTIS.Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 1995. xi + 173 pp. (Cloth US$ 29.50)Black and Female: Essays on Writings by Black Women in the Diaspora. BRITA LINDBERG-SEYERSTED. Oslo: Scandinavian University Press, 1994. 164 pp. (Paper n.p.)Literary history has not been very kind to Paule Marshall. Even in the early 1980s when literature produced by African-American women was gaining prominence among general readers and drawing the attention of critics, Marshall was still considered to be an enigmatic literary figure, somehow important in the canon but not one of its trend setters. As Mary Helen Washington observed in an influential afterword to Brown Girl, Brownstones, although Marshall had been publishing novels and short stories since the early 1950s, and was indeed the key link between African-American writers of the 1940s and those of the 1960s, she was just being "discovered" in the 1980s. While there has always been a small group of scholars, most notably Kamau Brathwaite, who have called attention to the indispensable role Marshall has played in the shaping of the literary canon of the African Diaspora, and of her profound understanding of the issues that have affected the complex formation and survival of African-derived cultures in the New World, many critics have found it difficult to locate her within the American, African-American, and Caribbean traditions that are the sources of her imagination and the subject of her major works. Marshall has embraced all these cultures in more profound ways than her more famous contemporaries have, but she has not gotten the accolades that have gone to lesser writers like Alice Walker. It is indeed one of the greatest injustices of our time that Walker's limited understanding of the cultures and peoples of the African Diaspora has become the point of reference for North American scholars of Africa, the Caribbean, and South America while Marshall's scholastic engagement with questions of Diaspora has not drawn the same kind of interest.
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Anderson, Susan D. "“Latter-Day Slavery”." California History 97, no. 4 (2020): 137–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ch.2020.97.4.137.

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My research highlights little-known aspects of African American participation in the mobilization on behalf of women’s suffrage in California, an issue of vital importance to African Americans. The history of suffrage in the United States is marked by varying degrees of denial of voting rights to African Americans. In California, African Americans were pivotal participants in three major suffrage campaigns. Based on black women’s support for the Fifteenth Amendment, which granted black men the right to vote, black men and women formed a critical political alliance, one in which black men almost universally supported black women’s suffrage. Black women began and continued their activism on behalf of male and female voting rights, not as an extension of white-led suffrage campaigns, but as an expression of African American political culture. African Americans—including black women suffragists—developed their own political culture, in part, to associate with those of similar culture and life experiences, but also because white-led suffrage organizations excluded black members. Black politics in California reflected African Americans’ confidence in black women as political actors and their faith in their own independent efforts to secure the franchise for both black men and women.
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Anderson, Susan D. "“Latter-Day Slavery”." California History 97, no. 4 (2020): 137–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ch.2020.97.4.137.

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My research highlights little-known aspects of African American participation in the mobilization on behalf of women’s suffrage in California, an issue of vital importance to African Americans. The history of suffrage in the United States is marked by varying degrees of denial of voting rights to African Americans. In California, African Americans were pivotal participants in three major suffrage campaigns. Based on black women’s support for the Fifteenth Amendment, which granted black men the right to vote, black men and women formed a critical political alliance, one in which black men almost universally supported black women’s suffrage. Black women began and continued their activism on behalf of male and female voting rights, not as an extension of white-led suffrage campaigns, but as an expression of African American political culture. African Americans—including black women suffragists—developed their own political culture, in part, to associate with those of similar culture and life experiences, but also because white-led suffrage organizations excluded black members. Black politics in California reflected African Americans’ confidence in black women as political actors and their faith in their own independent efforts to secure the franchise for both black men and women.
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Abdulsamad, Zhiar Sarkawt, and Juan Abdullah Albanna. "Modernity and Personal Experiments in Walker’s The Color Purple (1982)." JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE STUDIES 5, no. 1 (January 23, 2022): 52–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/jls.5.1.5.

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Women in the modern era have been defined as being revolutionary and opposed to the traditional representation of their lives. Alice Walker (February 1944-) a Pulitzer Prize-winning figure is an African-American novelist, critic and poet who has vigorously defended women's modernist innovations and African American civil rights in her works. Her novel The Color Purple (1982) explores the African American female experience through the life and struggles of the narrator of the novel. What distinguishes The Color Purple is the very feature of psychological state of the heroine whilst struggling for her minimal rights of being a woman and black. The heroine of the novel Celie is revolutionary and anti-traditional. Walker planted her own personal experience within The Color Purple through the sufferings and traumatic life of the female characters.Walker through “Womanism”, a term coined by herself representing Black feminism, combines critical elements in The Color Purple, namely the importance of black history and heritage and the centrality of female creativity and competence in that heritage, which are often symbolized by quilts, sisterhood, liberation, self-identity, double consciousness and other symbols. Further through exhibiting African American woman’s twice-oppressed state, as they were double-discriminated racially and sexually by Americans, on the one hand by white Americans, on the other, by their fellow black male counterparts. The epistolary style of The Color Purple is probably an essential feature of modern literary output. The letters are used to manifest Celie and other characters’ lives to readers. Furthermore, within The Color Purple, Walker employs the very modern African American literary feature which is “Neo-Slave Narrative”. Through Neo-Slave Narrative, she displays her black female characters’ still-enslaved status in the modern era to form a juxtaposition between narrations of her fellow oppressed black women and Slave-Narrations of enslaved African Americans like Harriet Jacobs and Sojourner truth.
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Glapka, Ewa, and Zukiswa Majali. "Between Society and Self: The Socio-Cultural Construction of the Black Female Body and Beauty in South Africa." Qualitative Sociology Review 13, no. 1 (January 31, 2017): 174–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1733-8077.13.1.10.

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Interested in the socio-cultural construction of the body and beauty, this study investigates the embodied experience of Black African women in South Africa. The Black female body has been problematically positioned in the discourses of beauty. In the dominant, Westernized imagery, the physical markers of blackness such as dark skin and kinky hair have been aesthetically devalued. In the African traditionalist discourses, these body features have been celebrated as beautiful and invoked as the signifiers of cultural pride. This, however, has also been considered as a form of cultural imperative that holds women accountable for how they embody their relationship with their race and ethnicity. Most recently, cultural critics notice the aesthetic revaluation of Black female beauty and ascribe it to the global popularity of the African-American hip-hop culture. In this study, we explore how the socio-cultural complexity of Black female beauty affects the ways in which individuals make sense of their bodies.
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Jallo, Nancy, Lisa Brown, R. K. Elswick, Patricia Kinser, and Amy L. Salisbury. "Happiness in Pregnant African American Women." Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing 35, no. 1 (January 2021): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/jpn.0000000000000529.

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Lang, Eurydice. "Breastfeeding Experiences of African American Women." Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing 48, no. 3 (June 2019): S130—S131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jogn.2019.04.219.

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Stewart, Jennifer M., Christopher K. Rogers, Dawn Bellinger, and Keitra Thompson. "A Contextualized Approach to Faith-Based HIV Risk Reduction for African American Women." Western Journal of Nursing Research 38, no. 7 (February 15, 2016): 819–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0193945916629621.

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HIV/AIDS has a devastating impact on African Americans, particularly women and young adults. We sought to characterize risks, barriers, and content and delivery needs for a faith-based intervention to reduce HIV risk among African American women ages 18 to 25. In a convergent parallel mixed methods study, we conducted four focus groups ( n = 38) and surveyed 71 young adult women. Data were collected across four African American churches for a total of 109 participants. We found the majority of women in this sample were engaged in behaviors that put them at risk for contracting HIV, struggled with religiously based barriers and matters of sexuality, and had a desire to incorporate their intimate relationships, parenting, and financial burdens into faith-based HIV risk-reduction interventions. Incorporating additional social context–related factors into HIV risk-reduction interventions for young African American women is critical to adapting and developing HIV interventions to reduce risk among young adult women in faith settings.
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Bwalya Lungu, Nancy, and Alice Dhliwayo. "African American Civil Rights Movements to End Slavery, Racism and Oppression in the Post Slavery Era: A Critique of Booker T. Washington’s Integration Ideology." EAST AFRICAN JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 2, Issue 3 (September 30, 2021): 62–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.46606/eajess2021v02i03.0104.

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The Transatlantic Slave trade began during the 15th century when Portugal and subsequently other European kingdoms were able to expand overseas and reach Africa. The Portuguese first began to kidnap people from the West Coast of Africa and took those that they enslaved to Europe. This saw a lot of African men and women transported to Europe and America to work on the huge plantations that the Whites owned. The transportation of these Africans exposed them to inhumane treatments which they faced even upon the arrival at their various destinations. The emancipation Proclamation signed on 1st January 1863 by the United States President Abraham Lincoln saw a legal stop to slave trade. However, the African Americans that had been taken to the United States and settled especially in the Southern region faced discrimination, segregation, violence and were denied civil rights through segregation laws such as the Jim Crow laws and lynching, based on the color of their skin. This forced them especially those that had acquired an education to rise up and speak against this treatment. They formed Civil Rights Movements to advocate for Black rights and equal treatment. These protracted movements, despite continued violence on Blacks, Culminated in Barack Obama being elected the first African American President of the United States of America. To cement the victory, he won a second term, which Donald Trump failed to obtain. This paper sought to critic the philosophies of Booker T. Washington in his civil rights movement, particularly his ideologies of integration, self-help, racial solidarity and accommodation as expressed in his speech, “the Atlanta Compromise,” and the impact this had on the political and civil rights arena for African Americans.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "African American women critics"

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Mayberry, Kena Renee. "African American Women Leaders, Intersectionality, and Organizations." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5221.

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Research suggested that African American women (AAW) leaders are overlooked as candidates for senior level positions in organizations. The problem that prompted this study was the lack of empirical research surrounding the intersectionality of race and gender and how this dual identity informed their leadership development and excluded AAW from the leadership promotion group identified by organizations. The research questions addressed how AAW described their career trajectory, strategies that were used to transform institutional barriers into leadership opportunities, how AAW leaders perceived their dual identity as contributing to their unique organizational experiences, and how AAW leaders perceived their role as mentors. This study was grounded in the critical race theory (CRT) as it pertains to the concept of the intersectionality of race and gender. Semistructured interviews with a purposive sample of 12 participants were used to obtain data along with thematic coding to analyze the data. Key findings included the women expressing both subtle and blatant racial and gender discrimination in the workplace. The participants identified self-advocacy as crucial to their success along with having strong mentors. One of the main conclusions was that the corporate world is a long- standing, white, male network and continues to be an obstacle for women in today's workplace. Recommendations for future research include studying bi-racial women and women who are in lower managerial roles to identify whether they experience similar obstacles as women in senior leadership roles. Social change implications include organizational modifications across multiple industry types that would create more positive perceptions, descriptions, and trust in the leadership abilities of AAW.
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Kelso, Gwendolyn A. "Perceived discrimination, critical consciousness, and health in African-American women with HIV." Thesis, Boston University, 2014. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/12134.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston University
Perceived racial discrimination (PRD), perceived gender discrimination (PGD), and discrimination-related stress (DS) have been shown to predict poor health and substance abuse in African-American women. They may contribute to racial disparities in both HIV infection and incarceration, which disproportionately affect African-American women. Critical consciousness (CC), the awareness of sociopolitical inequality, may provide a buffer against the effects of discrimination on health outcomes. This study examined (1) the effects of PGD, PRD, and DS on health and substance use and of CC as a moderator of these relationships in HIV-infected African-American women; and (2) the relationships of PRD, PGD, DS, and CC to HIV status and incarceration in HIV-infected and uninfected women. Seventy-three HIV-infected and 25 HIV-uninfected African-American women (ages 26 to 72 years) from the Chicago site of the Women's Interagency HIV Study completed self-report measures of PGD, PRD, DS, CC, depressive symptoms, quality oflife, cigarette smoking, anti-retroviral medication adherence and substance use. Blood pressure, body mass index, cholesterol, CD4+ cell count, and HIV viral load were also measured. Multiple linear and logistic regressions revealed that in HIV-infected women, PRD significantly related to higher and PGD related to lower blood pressure, likelihood of cigarette smoking, and likelihood of crack/cocaine/heroin and marijuana use. PRD significantly related to lower viral load when controlling for DS. Path analyses showed a significant direct relation of PRD to lower depressive symptoms, but a significant indirect relation to higher depressive symptoms as mediated by DS. Critical consciousness was found to relate to better HIV health markers in the context of high discrimination. At higher PGD, PRD, and DS, women with higher CC had higher CD4+ counts and lower viral load than women with lower CC. Partial correlations showed that in HIV-infected and uninfected women, there were significant positive relations of incarceration to PGD, PRD, DS, and CC. These results suggest that relationships of PGD, PRD and DS with health and substance use are complex, being protective for some outcomes but conferring risk for others. CC related to better health outcomes and provided a buffer against poor HIV health at high levels of discrimination.
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Pugh-Patton, Danette Marie. "Images and lyrics: Representations of African American women in blues lyrics written by black women." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2007. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3235.

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The purpose of this thesis is to examine to what extent representations of double jeopardy and the stereotypical images of African American females: Mammy, Matriarch, Sapphire, and Strong Black Woman emerge in the blues lyrics of Alberta Hunter, Gertrude "Ma" Rainy, Memphis Minnie, and Victoria Spivey, using the theoretical framework of Black feminist rhetorical critique. The findings in this research entail several meanings regarding the lives of African American women during the 1920s and 1930s. Representations of racism, sexism, and classism also appear in the theme of relationships with various subthemes. The focus of this study is to explore the evolution of Black music and examine the role women have played in both the development and advancement of the blues genre. Additionally, the study will explore various concepts of cultural identity development in order to establish the process of how identity is constructed and negotiated in African Americans specifically African American women.
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Moulds-Greene, Etheldria Amayah Bonnie. "Career Pathways of African-American Women Senior Executives at Predominantly White Institutions." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7827.

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Research studies have revealed that African-American women are disproportionately underrepresented in senior and executive leadership positions compared to European-American female and male counterparts at public and private predominantly White institutions, despite their increased representation in university senior leadership positions. The purpose of this basic qualitative study was to discover the meaning and understanding of African-American women's career pathway experiences ascending to executive positions at these institutions. Critical race theory and Black feminist thought lenses were used as frameworks to understand participants' career pathways, barriers, and facilitating factors advancing toward leadership. LinkedIn recruitment and snowball sampling led to 9 participants who self-identified as African American/Black multi-ethnic women currently or previously worked in senior and executive-level roles. Each participant's interview was analyzed for codes and themes. Seven themes that emerged suggested that although participants experienced barriers and challenges as impediments, facilitating factors of a strong support system of mentors, role models, and faith enabled them to persevere. The participants reported having inherited a legacy of self-determination, self-reliance, resilience, family, community, and church preparing them for their career pathways. This empowered them to navigate barriers and challenges while taking advantage of facilitating factors into leadership. The positive social change implications of this study provide recommendations to both prospective African-American women aspiring career pathways in senior and executive leaders and the institutions themselves that may increase such leadership at higher education institutions.
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Wellborn, Brecken. "Musicals and the Margins: African-Americans, Women, and Queerness in the 21st Century American Musical." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1404583/.

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This thesis provides an overview of the various ways in which select marginalized identities are represented within the twenty-first century American musical film. The first intention of this thesis is to identify, define, and organize the different subgenres that appear within the twenty-first century iterations of the musical film. The second, and principal, intention of this thesis is to explore contemporary representations of African-Americans, women, and queerness throughout the defined subgenres. Within this thesis, key films are analyzed from within each subgenre to understand these textual representations.
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Knox-Kazimierczuk, Francoise Alihsa. "African American Women and Obesity: Examining the Intersections of Race and Class." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1437548368.

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Hazelbaker, ReShanta Camea. "BELIEVING IN ACHIEVING: EXAMINING AFRICAN AMERICAN WOMEN’S DOCTORAL ATTAINMENT." UKnowledge, 2019. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/edp_etds/81.

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This research explored the intersectionality of race, class, and gender within the sources of self-efficacy (Bandura, 1997) underlying the socialization messages influencing African American women’s doctoral attainment beliefs. Twenty African American female/woman doctoral achievers completed an online survey, consisting of open-ended and multiple-choice response items, designed to identify and explore the sources of self-efficacy influencing African American women’s doctoral attainment beliefs. Eleven participants participated in focus interviews to expand upon and clarify initial survey responses. Thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke, 2006) and tenets of critical race theory (Ladson-Billings & Tate, 1995; McCoy & Rodricks, 2015) were used to analyze the sources of self-efficacy and the intersectionality of race, class, and gender within the socialization messages identified by participants as influencing their doctoral attainment beliefs. Among the sources of self-efficacy, participants frequently described vicarious experiences (co-op and internship opportunities) and social persuasions from family, friends, and faculty as influencing doctoral attainment beliefs. The following themes were identified as salient in shaping African American women’s doctoral attainment beliefs: 1) a voice at the table; 2) faith; and 3) experiential knowledge and support. Findings from this study illuminate the salience of doctoral attainment beliefs to African American women’s doctoral pursuit and attainment. Recommendations and implications for African American women’s doctoral program retentionand completion are discussed.
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Wellborn, Brecken. "Musicals and the Margins: African-Americans, Women, and Queerness in the Twenty-First Century American Musical." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2012. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1404583/.

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This thesis provides an overview of the various ways in which select marginalized identities are represented within the twenty-first century American musical film. The first intention of this thesis is to identify, define, and organize the different subgenres that appear within the twenty-first century iterations of the musical film. The second, and principal, intention of this thesis is to explore contemporary representations of African-Americans, women, and queerness throughout the defined subgenres. Within this thesis, key films are analyzed from within each subgenre to understand these textual representations.
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Birge, Amy Anastasia. ""Mislike Me not for My Complexion": Shakespearean Intertextuality in the Works of Nineteenth-Century African-American Women." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1996. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278175/.

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Caliban, the ultimate figure of linguistic and racial indeterminacy in The Tempest, became for African-American writers a symbol of colonial fears of rebellion against oppression and southern fears of black male sexual aggression. My dissertation thus explores what I call the "Calibanic Quadrangle" in essays and novels by Anna Julia Cooper, Frances Ellen Watkins Harper, and Pauline Elizabeth Hopkins. The figure of Caliban allows these authors to inflect the sentimental structure of the novel, to elevate Calibanic utterance to what Cooper calls "crude grandeur and exalted poesy," and to reveal the undercurrent of anxiety in nineteenth-century American attempts to draw rigid racial boundaries. The Calibanic Quadrangle enables this thorough critique because it allows the black woman writer to depict the oppression of the "Other," southern fears of black sexuality, the division between early black and white women's issues, and the enduring innocence of the progressive, educated, black female hero ~ all within the legitimized boundaries of the Shakespearean text, which provides literary authority to the minority writer. I call the resulting Shakespearean intertextuality a Quadrangle because in each of these African-American works a Caliban figure, a black man or "tragic mulatto" who was once "petted" and educated, struggles within a hostile environment of slavery and racism ruled by the Prospero figure, the wielder of "white magic," who controls reproduction, fears miscegenation, and enforces racial hierarchy. The Miranda figure, associated with the womb and threatened by the specter of miscegenation, advocates slavery and perpetuates the hostile structure. The Ariel figure, graceful and ephemeral, usually the "tragic mulatta" and a slave, desires her freedom and complements the Caliban figure. Each novel signals the presence of the paradigm by naming at least one character from The Tempest (Caliban in Cooper's A Voice from the South; "Mirandy" in Harper's Iola Leroy; Prospero in Hopkins's Contending Forces; and Ariel in Hopkins's Hagar's Daughter).
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Brum, Gabriela Eltz. "Sexual blinging of women : Alice Walker's african character tashi and issue of female genital cutting." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/4506.

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Este trabalho consiste em uma leitura das diferentes formas de representação que podem ser atribuídas à personagem Tashi, protagonista do romance Possessing the Secret of Joy (1992), da escritora negra estadunidense Alice Walker. Antes desta obra, Tashi já havia aparecido em dois romances de Walker, primeiro em The Color Purple (1982), como personagem periférica, e depois como menção em The Temple of my Familiar (1989). Com Tashi, surge a temática da prática da circuncisão feminina, ritual ao qual a personagem se submete no início da idade adulta. O foco de observação do trabalho se volta para a maneira na qual a revolta da autora é transformada em um meio de representação criativa. Walker utiliza sua obra abertamente como instrumento ideológico para que o tema da “mutilação genital” (termo utilizado pela autora) receba ampla atenção da mídia e da crítica em geral. O propósito da investigação é avaliar até que ponto o engajamento social da autora contribui de uma forma positiva em seu trabalho e até que ponto o mesmo engajamento o atrapalha. Para a análise das diferentes questões relacionadas ao tema de “female genital cutting” (FGC), termo que eu utilizo no decorrer da pesquisa, os trabalhos de críticas e escritoras feministas como Ellen Gruenbaum, Lightfoot-Klein, Nancy Hartsock, Linda Nicholson, Efrat Tseëlon e a egípcia Nawal El Saadawi serão consultados. Espero que esta dissertação possa contribuir como uma observação sobre como Alice Walker usa seu engajamento social na criação de seu mundo fictício.
This thesis provides a reading of the different forms of representation that can be attributed to the character Tashi, the protagonist of the novel Possessing the Secret of Joy (1992), written by the African American writer Alice Walker. Before this work Tashi had already appeared in two previous novels by Walker, first, in The Color Purple (1982) and then, as a mention, in The Temple of My Familiar (1989). With Tashi, the author introduces the issue of female circumcision, a ritual Tashi submits herself to at the beginning of her adult life. The focus of observation lies in the ways in which the author’s anger is transformed into a means of creative representation. Walker uses her novel Possessing the Secret of Joy openly as a political instrument so that the expression “female mutilation” (term used by the author) receives ample attention from the media and critics in general. The aim of this investigation is to evaluate to what extent Walker’s social engagement contributes to the development of her work and to what extent it undermines it. For the analysis of the different issues related to “female genital cutting”, the term I use in this thesis, the works of feminist critics and writers such as Ellen Gruenbaum, Lightfoot-Klein, Nancy Hartsock, Linda Nicholson, Efrat Tseëlon and the Egyptian writer and doctor Nawal El Saadawi will be consulted. I hope that this thesis can contribute as an observation about Alice Walker’s use of her social engagement in the creation of her fictional world.
Este trabajo consiste en una lectura de las diferentes formas de representación que pueden ser atribuidas al personaje Tashi, protagonista de la novela Possessing the Secret of Joy (1992), de la escritora negra norte-americana Alice Walker. Antes de esta obra, Tashi ya había aparecido en dos romances de Walker, primero en The Color Purple (1982), como personaje periferica y después como mención en The Temple of My Familiar (1989). Con Tashi, surge la temática de la circuncisión femenina, ritual al cual Tashi se somete en el principio de la edad adulta. El foco de observación del trabajo se vuelca sobre las maneras en las cuales la revuelta de la autora se tranforma en un medio de creación creativa. Walker utiliza su obra abiertamente como instrumento político para que el tema de la “mutilación genital” (termino utilizado por la autora) reciba amplia atención de los medios y crítica en general. El propósito de la investigación es evaluar hasta que punto el envolvimiento social de la autora contribuye positivamente o interfiere en el desarrollo de su trabajo. Para el análisis de las diferentes cuestiones relacionadas al tema de “female genital cutting” (FGC), termino utilizado por mi en el decorrer del trabajo, las obras de las críticas y escritoras feministas como Ellen Gruenbaum, Lightfoot-Klein, Nancy Hartsock, Linda Nicholson, Efrat Tseëlon y la egipcia Nawal El Saadawi serán consultadas. Deseo que el trabajo realizado pueda contribuir como una observación sobre como Alice Walker utiliza su envolvimiento social en la creación de su mundo fictício.
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Books on the topic "African American women critics"

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Wilkinson, Brenda Scott. African American women writers. New York: Wiley, 2000.

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missing], [name. African American women and HIV/AIDS: Critical responses. Westport, CT: Praeger, 2003.

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Williams, Page Yolanda, ed. Encyclopedia of African American women writers. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press, 2007.

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Taumann, Beatrix. Strange orphans: Contemporary African American women playwrights. Würzburg: Königshausen & Neumann, 1999.

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Harold, Bloom, ed. Black American women fiction writers. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1994.

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Allen, Shockley Ann, ed. Afro-American women writers, 1746-1933: An anthology and critical guide. New York, N.Y., U.S.A: New American Library, 1989.

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Harold, Bloom, ed. Black American women poets and dramatists. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1996.

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Okwu, Julian C. R. As I am: Young African American women in a critical age. San Francisco: Chronicle Books, 1999.

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Claudia, Tate, ed. Black women writers at work. New York: Continuum, 1988.

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Claudia, Tate, ed. Black women writers at work. Harpenden: Oldcastle, 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "African American women critics"

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Ricks, Shawn Arango. "Who Hears My Cry? The Impact of Activism on the Mental Health of African American Women." In The SAGE Handbook of Critical Pedagogies, 1508–15. 1 Oliver's Yard, 55 City Road London EC1Y 1SP: SAGE Publications Ltd, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781526486455.n135.

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Bailey, Tonya, and Judy A. Alston. "African American Women Superintendents." In The Palgrave Handbook of Educational Leadership and Management Discourse, 593–606. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99097-8_92.

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Troutman, Denise. "8. African American women." In Varieties of English Around the World, 211. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/veaw.g27.14tro.

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Bailey, Tonya, and Judy A. Alston. "African American Women Superintendents." In The Palgrave Handbook of Educational Leadership and Management Discourse, 1–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39666-4_92-1.

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Curtis, Edward E. "Islamism and its African American Muslim Critics." In Black Routes to Islam, 49–68. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230623743_4.

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Barker, Anthony J. "African-American Foreign Service Women." In US Foreign Service Women in the Middle East and Islamic North Africa, 1945–2001, 155–77. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-46756-1_7.

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Casserly, Catherine M. "A Theoretical and Empirical Literature Review." In African-American Women and Poverty, 7–34. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003248941-2.

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Casserly, Catherine M. "Time Series Analysis of the Annual Poverty Rate, 1968-1988." In African-American Women and Poverty, 107–30. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003248941-6.

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Casserly, Catherine M. "Conceptual Framework, Data, and Methodology." In African-American Women and Poverty, 35–54. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003248941-3.

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Casserly, Catherine M. "Conclusions and Policy Implications." In African-American Women and Poverty, 131–39. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003248941-7.

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Conference papers on the topic "African American women critics"

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Murphy, Cristina C., and Carla Brisotto. "Universal Method, Local Design: The JUST CITY Studio at Morgan State University." In 2019 ACSA Teachers Conference. ACSA Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.teach.2019.57.

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In May 2017, the AIA honored Paul R. Williams with a Gold Medal. At the ceremony, his granddaughter advocated for an architectural education that is more just throughout ethnicity and genders, a call that was stated fourteen years earlier by Melvin Mitchell when he noted that “black America is entering the twenty-first century with a shortage of […] black […] architects.” Unfortunately, Mitchell’s question of “what those […] missing black architects must do toward the furtherance of the cultural and socio-economic agenda of today’s Black America” has still to be fully answered. Though African Americans made up 13 percent of the total U.S. population, only 2 percent of licensed architects in the U.S. are African American. In 2007, African-American women made up a scant two-tenths of a percent of licensed architects in the U.S., for just 196 practitioners. It is important that “[black] schools … be at the forefront of establishing the theoretical as well as practical rapprochement between black architects and the Black America they were spawned from […]” The time to assess of the educational development in black schools has arrived. In Freire’s The Pedagogy of the Oppressed, education is a form of empowerment that liberates minorities from a standardized system of knowledge. The educator has to tailor the teaching experience through a deep understanding of the students. With this approach the educator can learn about the context the students live in, helping them visualize individual problems, advocating for their awareness and willingness to take a professional, creative and social stand. This approach is founded on the idea that real education implies a not hierarchical, horizontal relationship between the teacher and students, one that does not pour knowledge from teacher to students. As Freire says, “the teacher is no longer the one who teaches, but one who is taught in dialogue with students […]. They become responsible for a process in which [everyone] grow.” Developing Freire’s argument, we propose a relationship teacher – students that is circulation of knowledge between the teacher and the students, but also fellow students and communities. Education is carried on globally to prepare the learners to a reality that goes beyond their immediate surrounding. Following Freire’s pedagogical principles, schools of architecture need to focus on a different approach to education, one that leads to their enfranchisement. Education should reconnect these individuals to the environment they live in while, at the same time, give them the opportunity to move beyond the expected path of architectural education. The paper presents three sections, each with a theoretical description that frames the pedagogical approach and the critical analysis of the studio. The conclusion lays down the final outcomes and the further development of the research.
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Steinbach, Theresa, James White, and Linda Knight. "Encouraging Minority Enrollment in IT Degree Programs through Participatory Organizations." In 2002 Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/2576.

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Worldwide demand for qualified IT workers has employers exploring under-represented segments of the workforce. The percentage of women IT workers is not keeping pace with the growth of the industry. Minority populations, which are country specific, are also under-represented segments. This paper focuses on three significant minority segments in the United States: women, African Americans and Hispanic Americans. Studies have shown that increasing the number of these three groups enrolled in university computer science programs can help ease the shortage of qualified IT workers. One approach to attract and retain these students is to encourage the use of participatory organizations. This paper traces the initial efforts of one university to retain these segments through student-led chapters of the Association for Computing Machinery - Women, National Society of Black Engineers and Society of Hispanic Professional Engineers. Critical success factors are identified for use by other universities interested in initiating similar programs.
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Lopez, Antonio M., and Lisa J. Schulte. "African American women in the computing sciences." In the 33rd SIGCSE technical symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/563340.563371.

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Adams, Stephanie, Carlotta Berry, Cordelia Brown, Christine Grant, Patricia Mead, Sonya Smith, and Ingrid Omer. "Panel Session - The Experiences of African American Women Engineering Faculty." In Proceedings. Frontiers in Education. 36th Annual Conference. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fie.2006.322546.

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Nyenhuis, S. M., G. Balbim, C. Cooley, H. Kim, S. Kitsiou, D. Marquez, J. Wilbur, and L. Sharp. "Daily Physical Activity of Urban African American Women with Asthma." In American Thoracic Society 2020 International Conference, May 15-20, 2020 - Philadelphia, PA. American Thoracic Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2020.201.1_meetingabstracts.a6122.

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McGlown, Sheila. "Abstract B089: [Advocate Abstract] Racial disparities in African American women." In Abstracts: Eleventh AACR Conference on The Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; November 2-5, 2018; New Orleans, LA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.disp18-b089.

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Patel, D., and S. M. Nyenhuis. "Assessing Medication Adherence Among Urban African American Women with Asthma." In American Thoracic Society 2021 International Conference, May 14-19, 2021 - San Diego, CA. American Thoracic Society, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2021.203.1_meetingabstracts.a1739.

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Lund, M., JW Eley, RM O'Regan, SS Gabram, HI Saavedra, JM Liff, OW Brawley, and PL Porter. "Molecular differences between the triple negative tumors of African-American women and white women." In CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2008 Abstracts. American Association for Cancer Research, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs-2087.

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Halbert, C., L. Kessler, AB Troxel, JE Stopfer, and S. Domchek. "Genetic counseling for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in African American women." In CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2008 Abstracts. American Association for Cancer Research, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs-1099.

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Landau, J., N. Sagy, H. Young, L. Alexander, N. LaVerda, P. Levine, and S. Patierno. "Breast cancer treatment delay in African American women in Washington, DC." In CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2008 Abstracts. American Association for Cancer Research, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs-4164.

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Reports on the topic "African American women critics"

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Magee, Caroline E. The Characterization of the African-American Male in Literature by African-American Women. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada299399.

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Cummins, Rachelle L. She's the Difference: African American/Black Women 50+ - Report. Washington, DC: AARP Research, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26419/res.00570.006.

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Bailey, Martha, and William Collins. The Wage Gains of African-American Women in the 1940s. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w10621.

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Hughes, Chanita. Genetic Counseling for Breast Cancer Susceptibility in African American Women. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada433977.

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Hughes, Chanita M. Genetic Counseling for Breast Cancer Susceptibility in African American Women. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada413817.

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Hughes, Chanita M. Genetic Counseling for Breast Cancer Susceptibility in African American Women. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada425772.

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Gostnell, Gloria. The Leadership of African American Women Constructing Realities, Shifting Paradigms. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.2691.

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Hughes, Chanita. Genetic Counseling for Breast Cancer Susceptibility in African American Women. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada475548.

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Brown, Diane R. Spiritual-Based Intervention for African American Women with Breast Cancer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada476091.

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Brown, Diane R. Spirituality-Based Intervention for African American Women with Breast Cancer. Addendum. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada462716.

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