Dissertations / Theses: 'AFM PROCESS'

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Al-Musawi, Raheem. "Theoretical and experimental investigations about the AFM tip-based nanomachining process." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2016. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/99795/.

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In the last two decades, technological progress towards the miniaturisation of products and components has increased significantly. This trend has also been driven by demands for the manufacture of devices with functional features on the nanoscale. One of the nanofabrication processes, which has been proposed by researchers to meet such needs, relies on the mechanical machining of the surface of a workpiece with the tip of an atomic force microscope (AFM) probe. In this case, the AFM probe is utilised as a cutting tool as it enables the direct contact between its sharp tip, which is fixed on a flexible micro cantilever, and the workpiece surface. A relatively large numbers of studies have been reported in the field of AFM tip-based nanomachining since the invention of the AFM instrument itself just over thirty years ago. However, such studies have typically neglected the fact that AFM probes should be considered as flexible tools when investigating this process. Thus, this shortcoming constitutes the main motivation behind this PhD research. Following a review of the literature, the work reported in this Thesis starts by a study of the bending orientation of cantilevers during AFM tip-based nanomachining operations along different processing directions. To achieve this, an advanced experimental set-up is developed first in order to monitor a number of output signals, which characterise the motions of both the fixed and the free ends of the cantilever together with the displacements of the AFM stage. A refined theoretical analysis is also presented to express the bending orientation of an AFM probe cantilever at its free end as a function of the forces acting on the tip when machining in a direction pointing away from the probe. This refined model shows that the bending orientation depends on both geometric parameters of the cantilever and on the cutting forces. Complementary experiments, which are designed to determine the quasi-static bending behaviour of cantilevers in practice, show that, contrary to assumed knowledge, both concave and convex bending orientations could take place when machining along this direction. The occurrence of a change of the cantilever deflected shape from convex to concave bending during machining can principally change the depth and width of grooves produced. For instance, the depth of grooves machined on a single crystal copper specimen may increase up to 70% following this phenomenon. iv Following this, another refined model is also developed to measure the normal force acting on the tip when the AFM stage is static by taking in account the cantilever geometry and its inclination angle with respect to the sample surface. This work leads to the introduction of a correction factor that should be applied when using the conventional equation for determining the normal load in this configuration. Results obtained when implementing this model based on the dimensions of typical commercial AFM probes show that the conventional approach always leads to an underestimation of the normal applied force. In addition, it is demonstrated, both theoretically and experimentally, that the conventional method for determining the applied normal load during AFM tip-based nanomachining, i.e. when the stage is not static, is wrong. Based on this shortcoming, a novel procedure is proposed to estimate all three force components (i.e. thrust, axial, and lateral forces) acting on the tip during AFM tip-based nanomachining. To achieve this, two novel methods are also developed to assess the actual value of normal force during machining, which in this case is referred to as the thrust force. Based on experimental data, a good agreement is found between both methods for different physical quantities evaluated. Another refined theoretical model, based on the classical beam theory, is also employed in this procedure to determine the axial force acting on the tip and subsequently, the lateral force. Using this novel procedure to estimate the cutting forces, it is also shown that even if the deflection angle at free end of probe is constant, this does not mean that the associated cantilever vertical deflection is constant between the configurations when the AFM stage is static (i.e. for nanoindentation) and when it is moving (i.e. during an actual cutting operation). Finally, in order to gain further insights into the material removal mechanisms that influence the process, a series of post-machining investigations on the topography of produced grooves is reported for different applied loads and processing directions. This particular experimental study takes advantage of the prior knowledge established in this Thesis. Indeed, the understanding of the cantilever deflected shape and the accurate assessment of cutting forces provide key inputs when the groove formation process is analysed.

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COSENTINO, MICHELA. "AFM-STED correlative nanoscopy provides a new view on the formation process of misfolded protein aggregates." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/939919.

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The main part of my PhD work focused on the application of an advanced integrated technique, based on the coupling of an atomic force microscope (AFM) and a stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscope in the study of amyloid fibrils formation. This coupled system allows the acquisition of super-resolution fluorescence images, perfectly overlapped with AFM topography. Exploiting the extended capability offered by this technique, I highlighted some important features on the mechanisms followed by the labeled and unlabeled proteins through their aggregation pathway. The results demonstrates that labeled molecules are involved only in selected pathways of aggregation, among the multiple that are present in the aggregation reaction. In a second part of my work, I investigated the process of interaction between Alpha-synuclein (α-Syn), the pathological peptide associated to the Parkinson’s disease, and model lipid membranes. The aim of this study was to identify molecular mechanisms that are indicated as the base of neurodegeneration, not only in Parkinson’s disease, but also in a large class of disorders, indicated as protein misfolding diseases.

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DHULL, SACHIN. "INVESTIGATION OF HYBRID ELECTROCHEMICAL AND MAGNETIC FIELD ASSISTED ABRASIVE FLOW FINISHING PROCESS." Thesis, DELHI TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY, 2021. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/18780.

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The current scenario of industrialization requires need for higher productivity which is met by advanced material removal process, i.e., abrasive flow machining (AFM) in which the internal surfaces of the workpiece is machined to higher accuracy level with the help of abrasive laden media. In this paper, the conventional AFM setup has been made hybrid using electrolytic and magnetic force arrangement alongwith rotational effect in order to achieve better results in terms of material removal and surface roughness. The newly developed in-house polymer media were utilized in the process and the input parameters taken during experimentation were magnetic flux, electrolytic rod size and shape, rotational speed, polymer media, abrasive particles and extrusion pressure. It was found that the material removal and surface roughness improvement were more in electrochemo magneto rotational AFM process compared to conventional AFM process. The experimental values were in confirmation with those obtained in the optimization techniques applied, i.e., Taguchi L9 OA, Matlab fuzzy logic and GRA-PCA. In addition, the hybrid mathematical model was developed and effect of different forces occurring in the process and computational flow analysis of media have been explained. With advent of need for fast productivity in terms of material removal and surface roughness of the workpiece, abrasive flow machining (AFM) process is gaining rapid importance in the industries. In this process, the fine finishing of the internal surfaces is done that are difficult to reach spaces using abrasive laden polymer media. The media is extruded past the surface under high pressure with the help of two sets of extrusion piston cylinder arrangements. Further various innovations done in the field of abrasive flow machining have been studied in detail in a tabulated form. It included the applications of the process and the different variant forms of AFM process. Hence it can be concluded that this form of non conventional machining process is efficient both in terms of surface roughness and material removal. The SBR media resulted in maximum material removal during experimentation, i.e., 3.88 mg when input parameters, i.e., electrolytic voltage, number of extrusion cycles and pressure were taken as 18 V, 4 and 10 bar respectively. The NR, NTR and SR media had intermediate effect of material removal but minimum removal of material was achieved in case of PBS media, i.e., 2.39 mg at 6 V voltage, 6 number of cycles and 30 bar pressure. The material removal was first increased with higher rod size but afterwards its increase was lesser. The surface plots obtained from RSM technique showed that MR obtained was 2.25 mg at 21 bar pressure and 7 number of cycles. As compared to conventional AFM setup, it was found that in EMR-AFM setup, 34.5 % and 17.8 % improvement in % Ra and material removal, respectively, was obtained. It was found that MR was approximately 2.9 mg on an average when machining was done on traditional AFM process, while it increased upto 4.5 mg in prepared hybrid machine setup.

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PIANIGIANI, MICHELE. "Nano Imprinting Lithography Ultrafast process and its chemical and physical effects on advanced plastic materials." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Trieste, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11368/2908135.

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The main goal of this PhD was to understand the effects of the Pulsed Nanoimprint Lithography (Pulsed-NIL) technique on thermoplastic materials, by performing the imprinting process on a range of different materials and using different stamps and characterization techniques to assess how this process affects chemically and physically the plastic materials. This study has been conducted comparing the imprinting results by the standard Thermal Nano Imprint Lithography technique (standard T-NIL) and by the Pulsed Thermal NIL (Pulsed-NIL). The study on the material was necessary because, even if both techniques heat up the material at a temperature higher than the glass temperature and, with the application of the pressure, there is a replica of the pattern from the stamp to the sample, the parameters (in particularly, time and temperature of imprint) are very different. The standard technique has a large diffusion in the research and fabrication in micro and nanotechnology field. The Pulsed-NIL represents an innovation but it was important to demonstrate the capability to realize the imprint maintaining a quality of the structures same as the standard T-NIL and an absence or a limited existence of degradation of the materials due to the high temperature of the imprint. At the ``Istituto Officina dei Materiali'' of CNR (IOM-CNR) laboratories at Elettra - Area Science Park (Basovizza, Trieste), January 2014, a first prototype (Thunder 1.0), for Pulsed- NIL of small areas (40*40mm2), based on the patent of ThunderNIL S.r.L., was operational and the second (ULISS), for the micro and nano imprint of bigger areas (4'' wafers), was nearing the end of design. The early months of the PhD were used for the design and executive drawings process, and also completed the assembling process of the machine used for the experimental part. The drawings are not in this thesis because they are not significant for the researching field. To better understand the innovation introduced by ThunderNIL, it is important to have, at first, an overview of the standard process. In chapter 4 the technique is presented together with the intrinsic disadvantages. Chapter 5 enters more in detail with the innovative technique. Two chapters (6 and 7) are dedicated to the fabrication of the stamps for the imprint with both techniques. In particular the first is an introduction, whereas the second is a step by step logbook to better explain the processes involved, the work flow and time consuming behind the stamp. At the end of that chapter also the main parameters of two examples of imprint (one for standard, the other for Pulsed-NIL) were presented. The second part is dedicated to the analysis of the selected material and focuses on the quality of the imprint, in particular with the use of AFM (Chapter 8) that is here introduced. Chapter 9 is completely dedicated to the comparison between the standard and Pulsed-NIL imprinted structures and chapter 10 is a discussion about the results which includes a conclusion summary.

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Howard, Mitchell James. "Development of a machine-tooling-process integrated approach for abrasive flow machining (AFM) of difficult-to-machine materials with application to oil and gas exploration componenets." Thesis, Brunel University, 2014. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/9262.

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Abrasive flow machining (AFM) is a non-traditional manufacturing technology used to expose a substrate to pressurised multiphase slurry, comprised of superabrasive grit suspended in a viscous, typically polymeric carrier. Extended exposure to the slurry causes material removal, where the quantity of removal is subject to complex interactions within over 40 variables. Flow is contained within boundary walls, complex in form, causing physical phenomena to alter the behaviour of the media. In setting factors and levels prior to this research, engineers had two options; embark upon a wasteful, inefficient and poor-capability trial and error process or they could attempt to relate the findings they achieve in simple geometry to complex geometry through a series of transformations, providing information that could be applied over and over. By condensing process variables into appropriate study groups, it becomes possible to quantify output while manipulating only a handful of variables. Those that remain un-manipulated are integral to the factors identified. Through factorial and response surface methodology experiment designs, data is obtained and interrogated, before feeding into a simulated replica of a simple system. Correlation with physical phenomena is sought, to identify flow conditions that drive material removal location and magnitude. This correlation is then applied to complex geometry with relative success. It is found that prediction of viscosity through computational fluid dynamics can be used to estimate as much as 94% of the edge-rounding effect on final complex geometry. Surface finish prediction is lower (~75%), but provides significant relationship to warrant further investigation. Original contributions made in this doctoral thesis include; 1) A method of utilising computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to derive a suitable process model for the productive and reproducible control of the AFM process, including identification of core physical phenomena responsible for driving erosion, 2) Comprehensive understanding of effects of B4C-loaded polydimethylsiloxane variants used to process Ti6Al4V in the AFM process, including prediction equations containing numerically-verified second order interactions (factors for grit size, grain fraction and modifier concentration), 3) Equivalent understanding of machine factors providing energy input, studying velocity, temperature and quantity. Verified predictions are made from data collected in Ti6Al4V substrate material using response surface methodology, 4) Holistic method to translating process data in control-geometry to an arbitrary geometry for industrial gain, extending to a framework for collecting new data and integrating into current knowledge, and 5) Application of methodology using research-derived CFD, applied to complex geometry proven by measured process output. As a result of this project, four publications have been made to-date – two peer-reviewed journal papers and two peer-reviewed international conference papers. Further publications will be made from June 2014 onwards.

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Sörensen, Malin Helena. "Mesostructured particulate silica materials with tunable pore size : Synthesis, characterization and applications." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Ytkemi (stängd 20081231), 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-10089.

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Colloidal assemblies of surfactants and polymers in aqueous solutions have been used by human mankind for hundreds of years and they are of great importance in many of our technological processes, such as fabrication of soap and papermaking. Less than two decades ago the idea of using colloidal assemblies as templates of inorganic materials was borne. A new population of materials, referred to as surfactant templated materials, took form. These materials showed extraordinary properties such as monodisperse pore size distribution, large surface areas and pore volumes. The main focus of this thesis has been on synthesis and functionalisation of spherical mesostructured silica particulate materials. In the first part of the work, mesostructured materials with expanded pores have been produced using a well established aerosol-based method as well as the newly developed emulsion and solvent evaporation (ESE) method. Increase in pore size was realized through using Pluronic block copolymer F127 together with a swelling agent poly(propylene glycol) as template. The influence of the swelling agent on pore size expansion was shown to have a roughly linear relationship. Furthermore, the impact of synthesis parameters on internal and exterior morphology has been investigated. Accessibility of the internal pore space, as well as the external surface roughness were shown to be highly dependent on synthesis temperature. Additionally, a very interesting well ordered 3D closed packed (P63/mmc) material was produced using the ionic surfactant C16TAB as template in the ESE method. In the second part of the thesis work, mesoporous spheres with large pore size, having either hydrophilic or hydrophobic surface properties, were used as carriers of an enzyme, lipase. The enzymatic activity of lipase was increased onto the hydrophobic surface, compared to lipase immobilized into the hydrophilic support as well as for lipase free in solution. This effect was probably due to a combination of enhanced hydrophobic interactions preventing denaturation of the enzyme and interfacial activation of the enzyme. This study generated an inorganic carrier material that is a promising candidate for biocatalysis applications. Additionally, mesoporous spheres were used as carriers of a model drug, Ibuprofen, to study the effect of polyelectrolyte multilayers on release properties. However, these layers were shown impermeable independent on pH and the substance was only released from uncoated particles.

QC 20100811

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Martin, Lucile. "Etude de l'oxyde de cuivre CuO, matériau de conversion en film mince pour microbatteries au lithium : caractérisation des processus électrochimiques et chimiques en cyclage." Thesis, Pau, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PAUU3027/document.

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La miniaturisation des appareils électroniques et la multiplication de leurs fonctionnalités conduisent à développer des microsources d’énergie adaptées, parmi lesquelles figurent les microbatteries au lithium. Malgré leurs excellentes performances, ces systèmes de stockage électrochimique tout solide restent toutefois limités en termes de capacité surfacique. Cette caractéristique étant intrinsèquement liée aux matériaux d’électrodes, nous avons choisi de nous intéresser à des couches minces de CuO, dont la capacité volumique théorique (426 µAh .cm-2.µm-1) est sensiblement plus élevée que celle des matériaux d’intercalation utilisés jusqu’à présent. Ce matériau réagit avec le lithium selon un mécanisme particulier, dit de conversion, qui induit la formation d’un système multiphasé et nanostructuré d’une grande complexité. Dans le cadre de ce travail, la compréhension des mécanismes électrochimiques et chimiques mis en jeu au cours du cyclage de couches minces d’oxyde de cuivre (CuO) a été l’objectif majeur. Celui-ci a nécessité une caractérisation fine du matériau actif d’électrode et des interfaces générées (interfaces solide/solide et interface solide/électrolyte). Ces études ont été principalement menées à partir de la Spectroscopie Photoélectronique à Rayonnement X (XPS), de la Microscopie à Force Atomique (AFM) et d’une modélisation théorique exploitant les méthodes de la chimie quantique. Les propriétés chimiques et morphologiques des couches minces de CuO cyclées ont été corrélées à leur comportement électrochimique. Une forte influence de leur structure et de leur morphologie initiales a pu être ainsi mise en évidence
The miniaturization of electronic components and the increasing number of their functionalities lead to the development of suitable energy microsources, among which lithium microbatteries appear. Despite the excellent performances of these all-solid-state electrochemical power sources, one main limitation that remains is their surface capacity. Its value being intrinsically connected to the nature of electrode materials, we chose to focus on CuO thin films which are characterized by a theoretical volumetric capacity (426 µAh .cm-2.µm-1) in far larger than the one of conventional intercalation materials used today. Indeed, this material reacts with lithium according to a particular mechanism, referred as conversion reaction, inducing the formation of a multiphase nanostructured system with a high complexity. In the framework of this study, understanding of electrochemical and chemical mechanisms which take place during the cycling of copper oxide thin films (CuO) was the main objective. This one has required a fine characterization of the electrode active material and the generated interfaces (solid/solid interfaces and solid/electrolyte interface). These studies have been mainly carried out with X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and theoretical approaches based on quantum chemistry methods. The chemical and morphological properties of the cycled CuO thin films have been linked to their electrochemical behavior. An important influence of their initial structure and morphology was then evidenced

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Combes, Julien. "Etude de l'adhésion d'ostéoblastes sur substituts apatitiques par microscopie à force atomique." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00445705.

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L'objectif de cette étude s'inscrit dans une démarche de développement de céramiques apatites phosphocalciques et de leur évaluation biologique. Les matériaux étudiés sont des hydroxyapatites silicatées ou carbonatés denses en monophasées. Il s'agit d'un travail interdisciplinaire, qui va de la synthèse et la mise en œuvre de matériaux céramiques à la biomécanique cellulaire et les essais de cultures cellulaires in vitro. La dimension originale du projet concerne le suivi de la réponse des cellules osseuses déposées sur ces céramiques par l'indentation à l'aide d'un AFM. Ces travaux montrent d'une part, que la bioactivité des matériaux étudiés était semblables et d'autre part, que la relaxation de cellules ensemencées sur TA6V et hydroxyapatite stochiométrique suivent une loi puissance (exposant ≈ 0.2) sur 2-200 secondes. La méthode originale utilisée montre par ailleurs que la relaxation d'une fibre d'actine est différentiable de la relaxation de la membrane cellulaire.

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Doskočilová, Veronika. "Využití agentů v business procesech." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-124783.

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This work deals with the possibilities of using agents and multiagent systems in the areas of business process management and business process modeling. The aim of the theoretical part is to describe the theory of artificial agents, to assess the benefits of this approach and to describe current applications of MAS in BPM. In the theoretical part I also describe the issue of management and business process modeling and methodology MMABP. The aim of the analytical part is to summarize the possibilities of using MAS in BPM in the situations where business processes are already described and modeled and in the situations where there are no such descripctions nor models yet . In this part I also want to introduce my theory of agent-process, which is the possibility of looking at processes as autonomous agents. This theory is presented in practical demonstrations and examples by using the TROPOS methodology, and this theory is supported by references from the areas of agent and business process modeling.

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Dario, Alan de Genaro. "Processos de Cox com intensidade difusiva afim." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/45/45133/tde-01052013-111713/.

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Esta Tese explora o Processo de Cox quando sua intensidade pertence a uma família de difusões afim. A forma da funçâo densidade de Probabilidade do Processo de Cox é obtida quando a intensidade é descrita por uma difusão fim d-dimensional arbitrária. Analisa-se também o acoplamento e convergência para o Processo de Cox com intensidade afim. Para ilustrar assume-se que a intensidade do Processo é governada por uma difusão de Feller e resultados mais detalhados são obtidos. Adicionalmente, os parâmetros da intensidade do Processo são estimados por meio do Filtro de Kalman conjugado com o estimador de Quase-Máxima Verossimilhança.
This Thesis deals with the Cox Process when its intensity belongs to a family of affine diffusions. The form of the probability density function of the Cox process is obtained when the density is described by an arbitrary d-dimensional affine diffusion. Coupling and convergence results are also addressed for a general Cox process with affine intensity. We adopted the Feller diffusion for driving the underlying intensity of the Cox Process to illustrate our results. Additionally the parameters of the underlying intensity processes are estimated by means of the Kalman Filter in conjunction with Quasi-Maximum Likelihood estimation.

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Bulou, Simon. "Synthèse de couches minces de SiCN par dépôt chimique en phase vapeur assisté par plasma micro-onde. Caractérisation du procédé et des films élaborés dans le mélange N2/Ar/CH4/H2/hexaméthyldisilazane." Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00590967.

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Les films à base de Si, C et N présentent des propriétés mécaniques, optiques et électroniques intéressantes qui en font des matériaux prometteurs, notamment pour des applications optoélectroniques. L'objectif de ce travail est de mettre au point le procédé de dépôt chimique en phase vapeur assisté par plasma micro-onde permettant l'élaboration, à partir d'hexaméthyldisilazane (HMDSN), de films minces de SiCN dont l'indice de réfraction et le gap peuvent être modulés en modifiant des paramètres expérimentaux. Un mélange à base de N2/Ar/HMDSN permet le dépôt de films durs, adhérents et transparents. Ceux-ci sont de type SiNx:H avec une faible teneur en carbone (< 20%). L'influence de différents paramètres expérimentaux sur les couches minces élaborées dans ce mélange a été évaluée. Une augmentation de la température du porte substrat entraîne une réduction de l'épaisseur déposée, une diminution de la densité de groupements NH ainsi qu'une meilleure réticulation des films. Ceux-ci tendent alors vers un nitrure de silicium stoechiométrique et les indices des films augmentent de 1.6 à 1.8. L'ajout de CH4 dans le mélange plasmagène ne modifie pas de façon très importante la composition des films mais change fortement leur structure. Un mélange N2/CH4/Ar/HMDSN avec 6 % de CH4 permet ainsi d'obtenir des films denses et une rugosité réduite. L'incorporation de C n'est cependant que peu améliorée et les caractéristiques optiques restent voisines de celles de Si3N4. L'utilisation d'un mélange H2/Ar/HMDSN à la place du mélange N2/Ar/HMDSN aboutit à des films de type SiCx:H avec une teneur en N inférieure à 15 %. Les films ont alors un indice plus élevé (2.15) et un gap modéré (3.5 eV). L'ajout d'une petite quantité de N2 (< 5 %) dans le mélange change radicalement la composition du film. Le taux de C baisse fortement alors que celui de N augmente dans les mêmes proportions. Les films sont alors de type SiNx:H avec un indice de l'ordre de 1.95 et un gap de 4.5 eV. L'indice et le gap peuvent alors être liés au taux de liaisons Si-C dans le film. Ce changement abrupt est probablement dû à deux effets combinés. D'une part, le carbone en phase gazeuse réagit avec l'azote pour former des espèces stables (CN, HCN) qui participent peu à la croissance. D'autre part, Si se lie préférentiellement avec N pour former des films de type SiNx:H. Une modulation des constantes optiques des films de SiCN via le taux de C peut ainsi être réalisée par l'ajout de très faibles quantités de N2 dans le mélange gazeux H2/Ar/HMDSN.

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Čapek, Jan. "Vytvoření modelu Enterprise Architektury podle rámce TOGAF." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-261805.

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The present diploma thesis aims at introducing the Enterprise Architecture and creating an abstract model of a company. The primary focus is on application and process layers as defined in the architecture framework TOGAF. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical chapter starts with a business model analysis which means to describe mission vision and companys values as a part of the strategy framework. Furthermore the business processes are described in the latter part of this section. This chapter attempts to explain how to map a business process and to categorize it by nature and maturity level. Penultimate chapter introduces the Enterprise Architecture in general. This section includes arguments as to why the companies should be concerned with the Enterprise Architecture advantages of the Enterprise Architecture implementation into the companys documentation relationship of companys core business and IT and examples of the Enterprise Architecture frameworks. The last chapter deals with the TOGAF framework where Architecture Development Method is described. This means how Enterprise Architecture model is created and how to implement changes into the layers according to the TOGAF framework. Simultaneously the last section of this chapter describes the reference models which provide graphical overview of all abstractions layers. The practical part of the thesis elaborates on the theoretical part using the Architecture Development Method process in order to create the Enterprise Architecture model according to TOGAF framework. Same as the theoretical part it only focuses on the application and process layer. Firstly the business model is decomposed into vision mission and companys values to the companys strategy and business goals in order to grasp further understanding of business processes detailed description. Subsequently the abovementioned aspects are recomposed to create process map which provides the management overview. The application layer undergoes the same process; nonetheless the process map is replaced by information system description and reference model creation. Once the models are created the thesis compares them with the business and strategic goals. The benefit brought by this thesis is critical evaluation of current status to propose changes to achieve target architacture according business and strategic goals established by management.

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Botelho, Marco Antonio Ribeiro. "Implementação do ABM como processo de mudança organizacional." [s.n.], 1995. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/306048.

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Orientador: Maria Carolina Azevedo Ferreira de Souza
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Matematica, Estatistica e Ciencia da Computação
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Resumo: Não informado
Abstract: Not informed
Mestrado
Mestre em Qualidade

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Skala, Jakub. "Modelování podnikových procesů." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-12361.

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The diploma thesis deals with the theme of Modeling business processes with orientation to the metric process interface. The aim of the thesis is to design the architecture of metric, which enabled to construct type metrics of the process interface. Firstly, the reader is informed about the basic terms related to process modeling, process management and connection of strategy with metrics. The next part describes the architecture of metrics created, which is oriented to supporting the process management of the organization. The set of type metrics was chosen with consideration to the possibility of their placement on process interface. The set created in this manner should help to connect strategy with processes when implementing into organization. The last part of the thesis describes the practical application of knowledge obtained in the PARMA project. This project deals with the proposal and implementation of the process management into the Bureau of the Municipality of Prague 10. The thesis deals with two processes and the conclusions obtained in the theoretic part of the thesis are applied herein.

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Echeverría, Henríquez Rodrigo Francisco. "Rediseño del proceso de gestión de incidentes para la continuidad de negocio AFT." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2013. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/115055.

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Magíster en Ingeniería de Negocios con Tecnología de Información
El modelo de servicios diseñado para Transantiago es de gran complejidad, se trata de un sistema de transporte con múltiples operadores, tarificación combinada, redes de carga de tarjetas con una importante capilaridad, un alto volumen de pasajeros y otros aspectos de integración y combinaciones que hacen de Transantiago un proyecto único a nivel mundial. Para la correcta entrega de los servicios comprometidos con la autoridad, clientes y usuarios de Transantiago, se configuran cuatro capas que deben tener una correcta interconexión para que sea eficaz y efectiva la entrega de servicios. Si una de estas capas o uno de sus componentes no funciona adecuadamente provocará un efecto en cadena que imposibilitará la entrega de los servicios comprometidos. Esto se debe al modelo distribuido de servicios externos de distinta tecnología y de distintos proveedores interconectados sumado a su vez al alto nivel de transacciones: más de 180.000.000 transacciones mensuales de uso y más de 7.500.000 transacciones mensuales de carga. Serán estas últimas las utilizadas como uno de los insumos en gran parte de este proyecto. Este proyecto propone un rediseño a la Gestión de Incidentes. Los incidentes que sean detectados serán gestionados en dos instancias: la primera a través de un escalamiento oportuno, de tal forma de manejar adecuadamente la contingencia apenas ésta suceda; y, como segunda instancia, el análisis respecto al origen de ésta, mediante la recopilación de los antecedentes, consecuencias y evidencias. Para esto se utilizará un mecanismo de administración de fallas, lo cual se traduce en una solución tecnológica que actualmente opera con nuestro principal proveedor tecnológico. Para soportar el Proceso de Gestión de Incidentes se desarrolló una solución tecnológica basada en la aplicación de la metodología impartida en el MBE, que tiene como componente central la construcción de Patrones de Procesos de Negocio, que unen la visión estratégica de AFT hasta los diagramas de procesos. La solución tecnológica se basa en el tratamiento de señales que envía el operador tecnológico. Éstas se refieren al funcionamiento de los sistemas centrales, corazón del andamiaje tecnológico, y que sirve de base para que los servicios puedan ser entregados a los distintos grupos de interés de AFT y las señales de los proveedores de las capas posteriores de servicios, que son útiles para determinar e indicar los posibles puntos de interrupción de servicios.

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Olivares, O. Patricio, and Cristian Espoz. "S.I.H. Servicios integrales en procesos hidrometalurgicos concentración AFE estratégico y de mercados." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2015. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/136996.

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Tesis para optar al grado de Magíster en Administración
Patricio Olivares O. [Parte I]no autoriza el acceso a texto completo de su documento
Patricio Olivares O. [Parte I Concentración AFE Estratégico y de Mercados ], Cristian Espoz [Parte II Concentración AFE Organizativo-Financiero]
La gran minería es una industria que está en constante dinamismo, con una fuerte presencia en nuestra economía, llegando a aportar hasta un 20% del PIB de nuestro país. El desarrollo de la minería genera negocios complementarios que dependen directamente de ella, por lo cual son importantes los niveles de inversión en esta industria, además del precio del cobre, como son la venta de insumos y producto y los de los servicios entregados, ya sea de tecnología, mantención, traslado, casinos, apoyo operacional, etc. las empresas que ofrecen estos servicios pasas a ser colaboradores en la producción y parte importante del desarrollo minero. Una preocupación constante del negocio minero es producir cobre sin sustentabilidad, ya sea con incidentes ambientales, a las personas o a las comunidades, sin productividad y a un alto costo, es por ello que las empresas colaboradoras tienen que satisfacer estas necesidades para poder participar del mercado. Nuestro emprendimiento es ayudar a nuestros clientes, la gran minería del norte de chile, en la sustentabilidad de sus procesos, a través de una operación estable, sin incidentes, con altos estándares, gran calidad y satisfacer sus necesidades comprometiéndonos con el cumplimiento de sus metas, con un equipo humano de excelencia, con innovación y soluciones creativas. Teniendo como principal ventaja en ser un socio estratégico más que una empresa contratista, compartiendo los ciclos de mercado, integrando nuestros procesos, entregando constante innovación y superando las metas de mercado capturadas a través de Benchmarking.

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Martínez, Gavilán Ariel Francisco. "Plan de Acción Estratégico para AFP Cuprum ante el Nuevo Escenario de Reforma Previsional." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2008. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/103069.

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Con este informe se pretende dar cuenta del contexto global que vive actualmente el Sistema de Capitalización Individual (SCI) en Chile, particularmente con la reforma al sistema previsional que se ha planteado como programa de gobierno de la Presidenta Michelle Bachelet Jeria. Junto a esto se realiza un análisis de la industria de las administradoras de fondos de pensiones (AFP) en el mismo contexto de la reforma previsional; con esto se pretende distinguir quiebres, oportunidades y amenazas que se presentarían a raíz de los cambios propuestos, para la empresa AFP Cuprum. Finalmente se diseña una propuesta de valor para la empresa como resultado de los análisis anteriores, esto es, planes de acción que sirvan de orientación a AFP Cuprum para enfrentar adecuadamente los desafíos y oportunidades del nuevo escenario que creará la reforma previsional. La metodología con que se ha elaborado este trabajo de memoria se descompone en 3 partes: la primera etapa corresponde principalmente a un trabajo de investigación sobre los tópicos que aborda la reforma previsional y la forma en la que afecta a los diferentes componentes del SCI; en esta fase se ha recurrido a diferentes fuentes de información con el objeto de tener una completa perspectiva de lo que implica la reforma actual. En la segunda etapa se ha realizado un estudio macroeconómico de lo que involucra el proceso de reforma y los impactos que esta generaría; junto a esto se ha estudiado el comportamiento de mercado en que operan las AFP, esto es, un análisis de la industria en que compite la empresa, lo cual sirve para realizar un estudio FODA para AFP Cuprum en particular. La tercera parte de este trabajo, recoge las principales características de las etapas anteriores para conformar un plan de marketing estratégico y alternativas de acción para AFP Cuprum frente al contexto de la reforma previsional. Dentro de los alcances de este tema de memoria, la evaluación técnico económica de las propuestas planteadas sólo se abordara de manera general, puesto que el objetivo más bien es distinguir oportunidades fruto de los análisis de la industria y del proceso de cambio en el que esta se encuentra y, orientar acciones estratégicas para que la empresa pueda enfrentar el nuevo escenario con ventajas competitivas según su estrategia corporativa. De acuerdo a los escenarios futuros proyectados para la industria de AFP en razón de los análisis expuestos en este informe, así como el nuevo enfoque estratégico que se plantea para AFP Cuprum, basado en la “visión” y estrategia actual de la empresa, orientada especialmente a clientes de rentas altas y con un mayor enfoque hacia la diferenciación por calidad de servicio y uso de recursos virtuales, la propuesta esta basada en un “rediseño de los procesos de venta” y una reorientación de las funciones del área “fuerza de venta” que distinga clientes según los perfiles y necesidades de estos. Con la implantación de esta propuesta se podría esperar un beneficio económico de 6.340 UF/mes considerando supuestos conservadores, no obstante, los beneficios asociados a una mejor imagen de marca y mayor grado de fidelización que se esperarían producto de estas propuestas, tanto en servicios de atención y asesoría al cliente, superarían con creces los beneficios económicos proyectados de corto plazo.

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Molinero, Caparrós Clara. "Adaptación de la escala "adolescent family process" (AFP) en una muestra de adolescentes de Lima Metropolitana y Callao." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2006. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/5291.

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Los padres ocupan un lugar muy importante en el crecimiento de los hijos, siendo uno de los principales garantes de un adecuado logro de las diferentes tareas que los hijos enfrentan en cada etapa. Así pues, por un lado, favorecen el desarrollo saludable proveyéndoles del sostén y acompañamiento que ellos necesitan (Carver y Scheier, 1997; Kantrowitz y Springen, 2005). Por otro, actúan como factor protector ante problemas de conducta, dificultades académicas, depresión, etc. (O’Connor, 1995; McCurdy y Scherman, 1996; Klein, Forehand, Armistead, Long, 1997; Ausloos, 1998; Wittekind y Vazsonyi, 2003).
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Hansson, Julia. "Utvecklad hanteringsprocessför hantering av kränkandesärbehandling : En studie genomförd på Region Gotland." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och industriell teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-414461.

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Det har i spåren efter svenska #metoo-rörelsen kunnat konstaterats att det råder en stor okunskap hos arbetsgivarna om de regler som gäller vid hanteringen av sexuella trakasserier på arbetsplatsen. I ett försök att göra en förändring till det bättre har därmed Region Gotlands hantering av kränkande särbehandling studerats. Studien syftar till att studera organisationens nuläge för hanteringen av kränkande särbehandling, för att därigenom föreslå en utvecklad hanteringsprocess. Studien bygger på två frågeställningar som avser att visa hur den nuvarande hanteringen fungerar, vilka är hur fungerar hanteringen av kränkande särbehandling i nuläget? och vilka brister finns i den nuvarande hanteringen av kränkande särbehandling på arbetsplatsen? För att i sin tur kunna föreslå en utvecklad hanteringsprocess avser studien att besvara frågan hur kan processen för hanteringen av kränkande särbehandling utvecklas? Den teoretiska utgångspunkten för studien är processlära vilket har använts i syfte att förstå den nuvarande hanteringen. För identifiering av brister har AFS 2015:4 och AFS 2001:1 legat till grund. Därutöver har Mårtensson och Malms framtagna utredningsmetod för kränkande särbehandling på arbetsplatsen använts i syfte att kunna utveckla Region Gotlands hantering. Datamaterialet har insamlats genom kvalitativa metoder i form av en enkätundersökning, en intervju och tillhandhållandet av inter dokumentation. Resultatet visar att det råder många olika arbetssätt i den nuvarande hanteringen av kränkande särbehandling. Det visar på att det råder en bristande samsyn över hur cheferna ska gå tillväga vid hanteringen av kränkande särbehandling. Utöver det har det kunnat konstaterats att cheferna har bristfällig kunskap om riktlinjen mot kränkande särbehandling och att de har bristande kunskap om hur de ska gå tillväga vid hanteringen. Vad gäller utvecklingen av Region Gotlands hantering av kränkande särbehandling är slutsatsen att hanteringen kan utvecklas med hjälp av den jämförelse som har genomfört mellan Mårtensson och Malms utredningsmetod och Region Gotlands tänkta hantering av kränkande särbehandling. Hanteringen kan utvecklas genom tillägg och anpassning av steg i den tänkta hanteringen.
It has been found in the traces of the Swedish #metoo movement that there is a great ignorance among employers about the rules that apply when dealing with sexual harassment in the workplace. In an attempt to make a change for the better, Region Gotland’s management of abusive discrimination has been studied. The study aims to study the organizations current management of abusive discrimination, in order to propose a developed management process. The study is based on two issues that are intended to show how the current management works, which are; how the management of abusive discrimination currently works? and what deficiencies exist in the current management of abusive discrimination in the workplace? In order to be able to propose a developed management process, the study intends to answer the question; How can the process for dealing with abusive discrimination be developed? The theoretical starting point for the study is process theory which has been used to understand the current management. For the identification of deficiencies in the management of abusive discrimination, AFS 2015:4 and AFS 2001:1 have been the basis. In addition, Mårtensson and Malm’s investigation method for abusive discrimination in the workplace has been used in order to be able to develop Region Gotland's management. The data has been collected through qualitative methods in the form of a survey, an interview and the provided internal documentation. The result shows that there are many different procedures in the current management of abusive discrimination. This shows that there is a lack of consensus on how the managers should proceed when dealing with abusive discrimination. In addition, it has been found that the managers have insufficient knowledge of the guideline against abusive discrimination and how to proceed when dealing with abusive discrimination. With regard to the development of Region Gotland's management of abusive discrimination, it is concluded that the management can be developed using the comparison that has been made between Mårtensson and Malm’s investigation method and Region Gotland's intended management of abusive discrimination. The management can be developed through adding steps and adjusting current steps in the intended management process of abusive discrimination.

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Reis, Adinilson Marques. "Uma proposta dinâmica para o ensino de função afim a partir de erros dos alunos no primeiro ano do ensino médio." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2011. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/10866.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T16:57:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Adinilson Marques Reis.pdf: 2937844 bytes, checksum: e8de1e77ba0355a582439132bd108b42 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-05-31
Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo
This research starts with the observation of the difficulties presented in the concepts of function in order for the pupils through the development and implementation of a diagnostic sequence of activities, followed by other, based on errors made by students, supported by software GeoGebra. The investigation takes place in a public school in Sao Jose dos Campos with students from the 1st grade of high school. With that goal in mind, the research intended to answer the following question: how the reconstructive use of error can assist in building knowledge about affine function among high school students, from a pedagogical strategy with use of GeoGebra software? . In an attempt to better understand cognitive functioning in relation to students‟ difficulties, we support our research into the theory of semiotic representation registers of Raymond Duval, while data collection and related analysis was based on the methodological procedures of the Didactical Engineering of Michèle Artigue. The design and implementation of diagnostic sequence were based on official documents those dealing with teaching and learning as well as the Curriculum Proposal of the State of São Paulo. We considered also the results of assessments as SARESP and Prova Brasil of the students involved in research. Regarding the proposal of the sequence of activities using the software GeoGebra, the results obtained in the diagnostic phase were used to develop subsequent activities. The results indicate contributions to expand the studies already done on the subject and improvements in the understanding about it, when considering the errors in learning and the possibilities those emerged with preparation of activities using the software GeoGebra
Este trabalho parte da constatação das dificuldades apresentadas nos conceitos de função afim pelos alunos por meio da elaboração e aplicação de uma sequência diagnóstica de atividades seguida de outra, baseada nos erros cometidos e intermediada pelo software GeoGebra. A investigação se deu em uma escola pública de São José dos Campos, com alunos da 1ª serie do Ensino Médio. Com esse objetivo em mente, a pesquisa se propôs a responder a seguinte questão: como o uso reconstrutivo do erro pode auxiliar na elaboração de uma sequencia de ensino sobre função afim entre estudantes do Ensino Médio, a partir de uma estratégia pedagógica com uso do software GeoGebra? . Na tentativa de compreender melhor o funcionamento cognitivo em relação às dificuldades dos alunos, a investigação apoiou-se na teoria dos registros de representação semiótica de Raymond Duval, enquanto que a coleta e análise dos dados basearam-se nos procedimentos metodológicos da Engenharia Didática de Michèle Artigue. A elaboração e aplicação da sequência diagnóstica foram embasadas nos documentos oficiais que tratam do processo de ensino e aprendizagem, bem como na Proposta Curricular do Estado de São Paulo. Foram considerados, igualmente, os resultados de avaliações como o SARESP e a Prova Brasil dos alunos pesquisados. Com relação à proposta da sequência de atividades com o uso do software GeoGebra, os resultados obtidos na fase diagnóstica foram usados para elaborar as atividades subsequentes. Os resultados indicam contribuições para ampliar os estudos já realizados sobre o tema e a compreensão ao considerar os erros na aprendizagem e no preparo de atividades com o uso do software GeoGebra

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Requena, Espinoza Genaro. "Estimación no paramétrica en un proceso de Markov "enfermedad-muerte" aplicado a una base de clientes de una AFP." Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2010. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/1470.

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En el presente trabajo, se estudian las propiedades del método de estimación no paramétrico en un modelo de “Enfermedad - Muerte" de proceso de Markov. Este modelo posee tres estados 1, 2 y 3 correspondientes a “salud", “enfermedad" y “muerte" respectivamente y solo admite las transiciones de 1-2, 1-3 y 2-3, asimismo a este proceso se le denomina de Markov porque la probabilidad de transición de un estado a otro es independiente del tiempo de permanencia en el estado inicial. Las funciones de tiempo de muerte y enfermedad, así como la función de riesgo de muerte dada la enfermedad son los parámetros del modelo \Enfermedad - Muerte". Sin embargo la estimación de estas funciones del modelo no es directa pues existen dos formas de censura en los datos: los intervalos censurados y la pérdida de estados de transición; por lo que se utiliza un algoritmo de autoconsistencia para calcular estos estimadores. Los intervalos censurados y la pérdida de estados de transición se generan porque los pacientes son evaluados periódicamente. En un intervalo censurado (t1 , t2) se conoce que la enfermedad ocurrió entre un tiempo t1 y t2 pero no el momento exacto, mientras que para la pérdida de estados de transición se sabe que la enfermedad no ha ocurrido hasta la última medición pero se desconoce si la enfermedad ocurre entre esta última medición y el tiempo final del estudio. En la aplicación del modelo \Enfermedad - Muerte" de proceso de Markov a una base de clientes de una administradora de fondos de pensiones (AFP) se consideran los intervalos censurados para los reclamos de los clientes, as__ como la pérdida de estados de transición para los traspasos. Modelar los tiempos de traspaso y de reclamo de los afiliados bajo un proceso de Markov \Enfermedad - Muerte" con intervalos censurados y pérdida de estados de transición intermedia, aumenta la precisión de los estimadores de las funciones de tiempo y riesgo.
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Paredes, Villalobos Luis Alberto, and Collado Jorge Alberto Paz. "Análisis, diseño e implementación de un sistema de información de gestión y visualización de procesos de una empresa de tipo AFP." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2007. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/337.

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Aguilar, Urbina Alonso, and Rojas Arturo Balbín. "Trabajo de Arquitectura Empresarial para la implementación de un Chatbot en la Superintendencia de Banca, Seguros y AFP." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/622652.

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El presente trabajo consiste en la propuesta de una solución de optimización para uno de los procesos principales de la Superintendencia de Banca, Seguros y AFP. Como se verá en el primer capítulo, se describirán los marcos de trabajo y/o metodologías que se han empleado para identificar el proceso a optimizar. Asimismo, estas herramientas serán empleadas para realizar una propuesta inicial de Arquitectura Empresarial de la solución. En ese sentido, el objetivo principal de este trabajo es dar a conocer la propuesta de solución, sus objetivos específicos, alcance y consideraciones para su implementación. Como punto de partida para llegar a esto, se presentará el negocio y de qué manera la solución aporta valor al mismo. Adicionalmente, se mencionarán algunas prácticas para asegurar la correcta operatividad de la solución propuesta.

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Vizcarra, Guillén Eduardo. "Mejora del proceso de atención de requerimientos de los usuarios del Sistema Privado de Pensiones en la Superintendencia de Banca, seguros y AFP." Master's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/622591.

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El objetivo principal de esta tesis es la propuesta de aplicación del método PEVA como herramienta de solución de problemas y calidad para la mejora continua del proceso de atención de expedientes en el Departamento de Supervisión de Pensiones y Beneficios (DSPB) de la Superintendencia de Banca, Seguros y AFP, reduciendo el tiempo de demora en la atención de los expedientes mediante la aplicación de técnicas que permitan la identificación y solución de problemas en los procesos. Mediante Decreto Ley N° 25897 de fecha 28 de noviembre de 1992 se creó el Sistema Privado de Pensiones (SPP) en el Perú, inspirado en el modelo de Cuentas Individuales de Capitalización (CIC) que funcionaba en Chile desde el año 1981. La creación del SPP en el Perú, trajo consigo la llegada de las Administradoras Privadas de Fondos de Pensiones (AFP), las mismas que captaron la afiliación de una gran cantidad de personas desde el año 1993. Asimismo, a fin de controlar el adecuado funcionamiento del SPP, se designó en la Superintendencia de AFP la labor de ejercer supervisión a las AFP en el país. Con el pasar de los años, el número de afiliados fue creciendo y con ello, diversos requerimientos vinculados con beneficios pensionarios, así como solicitudes, consultas y reclamos fueron aumentando, lo cual ha demandado mayor carga laboral y a su vez un aumento en el tiempo de atención de expedientes en los últimos años por parte del Departamento de Supervisión de Pensiones y Beneficios. Para llevar a cabo el desarrollo de la investigación, se ha seleccionado el Departamento de Supervisión de Pensiones y Beneficios (DSPB) de la Superintendencia Adjunta de AFP, perteneciente a la SBS. Se ha seleccionado a dicha área por estar a cargo de la atención de expedientes vinculados con reclamos, consultas y solicitudes que presentan los usuarios del Sistema Privado de Pensiones (SPP). En el presente trabajo se desarrollará la investigación descriptiva, en virtud del cual se identificarán las características, formas de conducta y aspectos del universo de investigación, así como verificar la asociación entre las variables de investigación. La investigación descriptiva en el presente trabajo permitirá identificar las características generales del proceso de atención de expedientes al interior de la Superintendencia de Banca, Seguros y AFP (SBS), analizar las actividades en la atención a los expedientes que ingresan los usuarios y en función de ello, establecer un modelo de gestión de mejoramiento de la calidad de servicio al usuario. Las fuentes primarias que se han considerado en el presente trabajo de investigación son las encuestas, los indicadores anuales que muestran el número de expedientes ingresados, así como el tiempo de demora en la atención de expedientes. De igual forma, otras fuentes primarias son datos estadísticos de la Superintendencia de Banca, Seguros y AFP, suministrado directamente por el Departamento de Supervisión de Pensiones y Beneficios de la Superintendencia Adjunta de AFP. En lo que respecta a las fuentes secundarias, para su recolección, se ha realizado una recopilación documental a través de la búsqueda de artículos, proyectos de investigación, libros, etc. Finalmente, a fin de llevar a cabo el plan de acción se ha identificado el problema, las causas que generan el mismo y las medidas a adoptar para evitar que el problema se siga generando.

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Silva, Mirna Marienne Suzin e. "Processo oxidativo avançado com ozônio de efluentes contaminados por manganês e outros metais pesados originados na drenagem ácida em mina de urânio." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/85/85134/tde-22032017-155550/.

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Durante a exploração de uma mina, vários impactos são causados no meio ambiente, entre eles a geração da drenagem ácida de minas (DAM), que consiste da exposição de minerais sulfetados ao ar, água e microorganismos do tipo ferroxidantes, apresentando reações de oxidação e formação de ácido sulfúrico solubilizando metais ali presentes contaminando o solo e as águas. O objetivo deste trabalho de pesquisa foi estudar uma solução tecnológica fazendo uso da oxidação avançada com ozônio de metais pesados presentes em efluentes contaminados, em mina de urânio, com especial foco na remoção do manganês. A mina de urânio das Indústrias Nucleares do Brasil INB, em Caldas, Minas Gerais, local de aplicação deste estudo, enfrenta o problema da DAM e tem como principais contaminantes de suas águas superficiais os elementos, alumínio (Al), manganês (Mn), zinco (Zn), ferro (Fe), sulfatos (SO4+2), fluoretos (F-), metais de terras raras, alem do urânio (U) e do tório (Th). Os testes com ozônio realizados em laboratório com os efluentes da INB e in situ, mostraram uma grande eficiência para remoção do ferro, manganês e cério em até 99%. A concentração total de manganês ficou abaixo dos limites estabelecidos pela resolução 430 e 357 do CONAMA. Elementos como neodímio (Nd), lantânio (La) e zinco (Zn) pouco se oxidam com O3. O Al se mantém praticamente inalterado, enquanto que o tório e o urânio decaem, mas com o passar do tempo de ozonização voltam a se concentrar, porém com um valor inferior ao inicial. O precipitado obtido após a ozonização consiste de até 85% de oxido de manganês. A fim de descartar, após a ozonização, o efluente líquido para o ambiente é necessário uma correção do pH, de modo a atender os parâmetros da legislação CONAMA, sendo utilizado 50 a 86% menos reagente (CaOH2), do que as quantidades utilizadas no processo adotado pela INB.
During a mine exploration the environment can be affected by different ways being one of them the mine acid drainage(DAM), that is formed by the exposition of sulpheted minerals to the atmospheric air, water and iron-oxidation microorganisms. This exposition results in oxidation reactions and formation of sulphuric acid that dissolves all kind of metals present at the mineral that will result in the contamination of the ground and waters. The object of this research work is to test a technological solution of the mine acid drainage problem applying ozone advanced oxidation of the heavy metals present at the mine drainage of a uranium mine with special focus in the manganese removal. This study is applied to the material from the uranium mine of the Brazilian Nuclear Industry INB, at Caldas- MG. The INB Industry has serious DAM contamination being the main contaminants of the superficial waters the elements, aluminium (Al), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), sulfates(SO4+2), fluorides(F-), rare earth metals besides uranium (U) and thorium (Th). The Caldas unity is being used as research and testing field for the treatment of areas with environment degradation formed by the mining activity. The ozone testing showed a high efficiency for the removal of iron(Fe), manganese(Mn) and cerium (Ce) up to 99%. The manganese total concentration was reduced to values bellow the ones determined by CONAMA resolution. Elements as neodymium (Nd), zinc (Zn) and lanthamium (La) are also oxidated in presence of ozone but with lower efficiency. The aluminium remained unaffected by the ozone while Thorium and Uranium show an initial decay but at the end present only a concentration slight lower than the initial. The solid material formed after the ozone treatment consists mainly of manganese oxide (85%). In order to dispose, after the ozonization, the liquid efluente to the environment is necessary a pH correction in order to be within the CONAMA legislation, being used less reagent (CaOH2), 50 to 86% less, than the amounts used in the process adopted by INB.

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Naderinasrabadi, Mahtab. "A Continuous Electrochemical Process to Convert Lignin to Low Molecular Weight Aromatic Compounds and Cogeneration of Hydrogen." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1584622583669502.

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Hipólito, Castañeda Juan Carlos, and Barrera Gianpiere Ernesto Morales. "Sistema para el cumplimiento de la normativa de la superintendencia de banca, seguros y AFP para las áreas de riesgo y contabilidad." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/624414.

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Esta tesis está enfocada a orientar aquellos procesos que realiza la entidad financiera “Santander Consumer” para el cumplimiento de las normativas SBS (Superintendencia de Banca, Seguros y AFP) “Resolución 11356-2008: Evaluación y clasificación del deudor y la exigencia de provisiones” y “Resolución 5780-2015: Normas Especiales sobre vinculación y grupo económico”, para esta necesidad se ha pensado realizar la implementación de un sistema llamado “Sistema para el cumplimiento de la normativa de la superintendencia de banca, seguros y AFP para las áreas de riesgo y contabilidad”. El objetivo de esta tesis es desarrollar el análisis, diseño e implementación de un sistema que permita automatizar los procesos para el cumplimiento de las normativas “Resolución 11356-2008” y “Resolución 5780-2015” para la SBS, la cual es una obligación para la entidad financiera. El sistema ofrecido automatizará los procesos complejos para la creación de reportes e informes normativos de las áreas de Riesgos y Contabilidad. La cual tendrá poca participación humana, donde el usuario al utilizar el sistema solo validará los reportes realizados. Además, el producto software, podrá brindar información oportuna que será de utilidad para toma de decisiones de negocio (el rubro de crédito) que no afecten a futuro en la presentación de los reportes normativos. Asimismo, se ofrece un producto de software flexible de crear nuevos reportes normativos o modificación que dictamina la SBS mediante la autogestión. De esta manera se centraliza la elaboración de emisión de reportes en un solo sistema el cual será de fácil uso y amigable.
This thesis is focused on guiding the processes performed by the financial entity "Santander Consumer" for compliance with the SBS regulations (Superintendence of Banking, Insurance and AFP) "Resolution 11356-2008: Evaluation and classification of the debtor and the requirement of provisions" and "Resolution 5780-2015: Special Rules on linkage and Economic Group”. To attend this need, it is proposed to implement a system called "System for compliance with the regulations of the Superintendence of banking, insurance and AFP for the areas of risk and accounting ". The objective of this thesis is to develop the analysis, design and implementation of a system that allows to automate the processes for compliance with the regulations "Resolution 11356-2008" and "Resolution 5780-2015" for the SBS, which is an obligation for the financial institution. The system offered will automate the complex processes for the creation of reports and normative reports of the Risk and Accounting areas. That process will have little human participation because the main task for the users will be to validate the reports created by the system. Furthermore, the software product may provide timely information that will be useful for business decision making (the credit line) that will help to mitigate errors in the presentation of regulatory reports. Also, the flexibility of the proposed software allows to create new normative reports or modifications that the SBS dictates through self-management. In this way, the production of reports is centralized in one system, which will be easy to use and friendly
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Santibáñez, Daniel Gustavo San Martín. "Mineração de interesses no processo de modernização dirigida a arquitetura." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/549.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:06:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 5515.pdf: 2859644 bytes, checksum: 8f2473af784eb07ff38067a957051dde (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-27
Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos
Software systems are considered legacy when they were developed many years ago with outdated technologies and their maintenance process consumes a large amount of resources. One cause of these problems is the inadequate modularization of its crosscutting concerns. In this situation, an alternative is to modernize the system with a new language to provide better support for concern modularization. ADM (Architecture-Driven Modernization) is an OMG model-driven proposal to modernize legacy systems and consist of a set of metamodels in which the main metamodel is KDM (Knowledge Discovery Metamodel), which allows to represent all the characteristics of a system. The modernization process begins with reverse engineering to represent the legacy system in a KDM model. Thereafter, refactorings can be applied to the model and then generate the modernized code. However, the current proposals do not support crosscutting concerns modularization. This occurs because the first step is to identify the elements which contribute with the implementation of a particular concern and it is not supplied by ADM. In this sense, this dissertation presents an approach for mining crosscutting concerns in KDM models, thus establishing the first step towards to a Concern-Driven modernization. The approach is a combination of two techniques, a concern library and a modified K-means clustering algorithm, which comprises four steps where the input is a KDM model and the result is the same KDM model with annotated concerns and some log files. In addition, we developed an Eclipse plugin called CCKDM to implement the approach. An evaluation was performed involving three software systems. The results show that for systems using APIs to implement their concerns the developed technique is an effective method for identifying them, achieving good values of precision and recall.
Sistemas de software são considerados legados quando foram desenvolvidos há muitos anos com tecnologias obsoletas e seu processo de manutenção consome uma quantidade de recursos além da desejada. Uma das causas desses problemas é a modularização inadequada de seus interesses transversais. Quando se encontram nessa situação, uma alternativa é modernizar o sistema para novas linguagens que forneçam melhor suporte à modularização desse tipo de interesse. A ADM (Architecture-Driven Modernization) é uma proposta do OMG para a modernização orientada a modelos de sistemas legados, sendo composta por um conjunto de metamodelos, em que o principal é o KDM (Knowledge Discovery Metamodel), que permite representar todas as particularidades de um sistema. O processo de modernização inicia-se com a engenharia reversa, em que o sistema legado é inteiramente representado em KDM. Depois disso, pode-se aplicar refatorações nesse modelo e gerar o código modernizado. Entretanto, a proposta atual da ADM não inclui suporte para modularizar interesses transversais de um sistema. Isso ocorre porque o primeiro passo desse processo é minerar e encontrar os elementos que contribuem para a implementação de um dado interesse, e isso não é fornecido pela ADM. Nesse sentido, nesta dissertação é apresentada uma abordagem para mineração de interesses no metamodelo KDM, estabelecendo o primeiro passo para um processo de modernização dirigido a interesses. A abordagem de mineração proposta atua com uma combinação de duas técnicas; uma biblioteca de interesses e um algoritmo modificado K-means para agrupar strings similares. A abordagem inclui quatro passos onde a entrada é um modelo KDM e o resultado é o mesmo modelo KDM com os interesses anotados e mais alguns arquivos de registro. Além disso, desenvolveuse um plugin chamado CCKDM para o ambiente Eclipse que implementa a abordagem. Uma avaliação foi realizada envolvendo três sistemas de software. Os resultados da avaliação mostraram que para sistemas que utilizam APIs para implementar seus interesses a técnica desenvolvida é efetiva para a identificação deles, atingindo bons valores de precisão e cobertura.

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Hoang, Trung Tuyen. "Modélisation et optimisation de la prédictibilité et de la flexibilité du système de gestion de trafic aérien." Thesis, Rouen, INSA, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ISAM0017.

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Cette thèse a pour but de modéliser et d'optimiser deux composantes du système de gestion de flux de trafic aérien : la prédictibilité et la flexibilité. Cette modélisation est équivalente à établir une relation entre la fenêtre temporelle et les taux d'arrivée des avions. Deux approches sont utilisées : l'analyse des données historiques et la modélisation mathématique. L'analyse des données historique a permis de déterminer la fenêtre temporelle raisonnable mais sans pouvoir apporter les améliorations nécessaires pour y arriver. La modélisation mathématique permet non seulement de définir de façon rigoureuse la prédictibilité et la flexibilité mais également de traiter des vols en différents scénarios de priorités. La combinaison de DC algorithme avec des méthodes de résolutions classiques comme Branch and Bound a nettement amélioré la vitesse de la convergence des solutions et donc elle peut être utilisée pour la phase tactique de gestion de flux du trafic aérien
This thesis aims to model and optimise two components of the air traffic flow management system : predictibility and flexibility. This modelling is equivalent to establishing a relationship between the time window and the rate of arrival flights. Two approachs are used : the analysis of historical data and mathematical modeling. The analysis of historical data was used to establish the relationship between the time window and arrivla rate of flights. It provided the optimal time window but could not show how to modify the system to lead to that time window. Mathematical modeling can not only define the predictability and flexibility in the rigourous manner but also deal with different scenarios of fligths priorities. The combination of DC algorithm with classical methods like Branch and Bound has significantly improved the speed of convergence of solutions and therefore it can be used for the tactical phase of the air traffic flow management

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Rocha, Jeanne Maria Gomes da. "Contribuições da fonética no processo ensino aprendizagem da pronúncia de línguas no canto." Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, 2013. https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/12329.

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This dissertation focuses on the contributions of Phonetics in the teaching and learning processes of languages pronunciation in Singing. For that, it investigates a teaching proposal based on this discipline of Linguistics, the Phonetics, with emphasis on articulation and representation of speech sounds - the Articulatory Phonetics and the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) in practice, the phonetic transcription. It is based on the literature on Phonetics and Phonology, in the Linguistics area, on the Teaching of Languages, in the Applied Linguistics, and on the Diction for Singers, in the Arts - specifically, the field of Music, singing. Based on the diagnosis made on the subject of Diction in technical and undergraduate courses of Singing in institutions in the triangle region of Minas Gerais, it reflects and suggests changes on didactic and pedagogical aspects, related to the training of singers and singing teachers. It intends to contribute with theoretical reflections, teaching materials and methodological approaches for the teaching of pronunciation of the major languages in the classical repertoire performed in Brazil.
Esta dissertação centra-se nas contribuições da Fonética no processo ensino e aprendizagem da pronúncia de línguas no Canto. Para isto, investiga uma proposta de ensino elaborada com base nesta disciplina da Linguística, a Fonética, com ênfase na articulação e representação dos sons da fala a Fonética Articulatória e o Alfabeto Fonético Internacional (AFI) em sua prática, a transcrição fonética. Fundamenta-se em literaturas sobre Fonética e Fonologia, da área de Linguística, sobre o Ensino de Línguas, da Linguística Aplicada e, sobre Dicção para Cantores, das Artes especificamente, da subárea Música, o instrumento Canto. Com base no diagnóstico da disciplina Dicção em cursos técnicos e graduação em Canto de algumas instituições na região do Triângulo Mineiro, reflete e sugere mudanças de aspectos didáticos e pedagógicos, em função da formação de cantores professores de Canto. Pretende contribuir com reflexões teóricas, material didático e abordagens para o ensino da pronúncia das principais línguas do repertório erudito praticado no Brasil.
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Lattuada, Rafael Mello. "Estudo da ecotoxicidade de efluentes da mineração de carvão e a aplicação de adsorventes alternativos em associação com fotocatálise heterogênea na remoção de metais e HPAs." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/27165.

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A concentração de Fe, Ni, Cd, Mn, Zn, Cr e Pb, determinada por TXRF, foi investigada em matrizes de água, sedimento e fígados de peixes, amostrados em rios da região mineradora de carvão de Criciúma - SC/Brasil - afetadas por descargas de drenagem ácida de mina (DAM). A relação destes metais com a toxicidade para o bioindicador Daphnia magna (24 e 48 h) foi avaliada, sendo estabelecida correlação entre [Fe]solúvel e toxicidade à D. magna nas amostras de água. Para os sedimentos, há indícios de correlação dos teores de Fe e toxicidade, e nos fígados suspeita-se de níveis de Zn alterados. Efluentes da mineração, incluindo a DAM, após o tratamento por floculação e/ou decantação e/ou flotação e alcalinização mantiveram toxicidade mesmo com os metais reduzidos para concentrações não tóxicas à D. magna. Creditou-se a toxicidade remanescente a hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos (HPAs, determinada por CG/MS). Foram testados três adsorventes de baixo custo na retenção de metais (Fe, Ni, Cd, Mn, Zn, Cr e Pb) em soluções ácidas multimetais: casca de arroz (CA), carvão de casca de arroz (CCA) e turfa e carvão ativado comercial (CAC – adsorvente de confronto). As quantidades máximas adsorvidas dos metais (mg) por massa de sorbente (g) - qm, somatório dos metais, foram: CA 75,46 mg g-1; CAC 78,2 mg g-1; turfa 111,3 mg g-1 e CCA 137,49 mg g-1, (Langmuir e Freundlich - não linear). A toxicidade dos metais para D. magna destes eluatos foi reduzida. Foram preparados compósitos a partir de casca de arroz com deposição in situ de TiO2 (CCT – carbon covered with titanium), e testados como catalisador em Processos Oxidativos Avançados (POA). Os catalisadores TiO2 (P25 Degussa) e CCTs (25 e 50% de TiO2) em POA mostraram remoção dos HPAs e da toxicidade (D. magna e Scenedesmus subspicatus) nos efluentes de mineração, adequando os níveis de toxicidade à legislação ambiental vigente (Portaria FATMA 017/02) com resultados superiores do CCT. Assim, a presente tese alega que o uso de adsorventes à base de carvão de casca de arroz é capaz de reter os metais tipicamente presentes em efluentes ácidos (mineração de carvão), e que a toxicidade remanescente nestes efluentes, devida aos HPAs, pode ser reduzida pelo uso de POA, com incremento de eficiência quando o compósito CCT aqui desenvolvido é utilizado.
The concentration of Fe, Ni, Cd, Mn, Zn, Cr and Pb, determined by TXRF, was investigated in matrixes as water, sediment and fish liver, sampled at mining of coal region rivers from Criciúma - SC/Brazil – targets by acid mine drainage (ADM) discards. The relation of these metals with toxicity to Daphnia magna bioindicator (24 and 48 h) was evaluated, being established a correlation between [Fe]soluble and toxicity to D. magna in water samples. In sediments, correlation between Fe levels and toxicity was observed, and in liver Zn levels were altered. Mining effluents including AMD, after treatment by flocculation and/or decantation and/or flotation and alkalinization remain toxic even when metal concentrations had been reduced to levels which would be non toxic to D. magna. Residual toxicity was accounted to the presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs, determined by GC/MS). Three low cost adsorbents were tested in metal retention (Fe, Ni, Cd, Mn, Zn, Cr and Pb) from multielemental acid solution: rice husk (RH), rice husk carbon (RHC), peat and commercial activated carbon (CAC – confront adsorbent). The maximum quantity of adsorbed metals (mg) by sorbent mass (g) - qm, as metals sum, were: CA 75.46 mg g-1; CAC 78.2 mg g-1; peat 111.3 mg g-1 and CCA 137.49 mg g-1, (Langmuir and Freundlich – non linear). The metal toxicity to D. magna of these eluates was reduced. Composites from rice husk with in situ deposition of TiO2 were synthesized (CCT – carbon covered with titanium), and tested as catalyst in advanced oxidative process (AOP). The catalysts TiO2 (P25 Degussa) and CCTs (25 e 50% de TiO2) in AOP showed PAHs and toxicity remotion (D. magna and Scenedesmus subspicatus) on mining effluents, adjusting toxicity levels to environmental legislation in force (FATMA 017/02), with best results to CCT. Then, the present thesis argues that rice husk carbon adsorbents is capable of retaining the metals typically presents in acid effluents (coal mining), and that remain toxicity in these effluents, from PAHs, can be reduced by AOP use, with efficient increasing when the composite here developed (CCT) is employed.

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De, la Cruz Peña Alex Manuel. "El principio de oportunidad en el derecho administrativo sancionador peruano: Análisis de la normativa sectorial que regula criterios de oportunidad en el ejercicio de la potestad sancionadora del Organismo Supervisor de la Inversión de Infraestructura de Transporte de Uso Público, la Superintendencia Nacional de Servicios de Saneamiento y la Superintendencia de Banca, Seguros y AFP." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/16294.

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De la revisión de la normativa sectorial emitida recientemente se puede constatar que por vía legal o reglamentaria se ha atribuido a algunas entidades de la Administración Pública la facultad para no dar inicio a un procedimiento sancionador. Al respecto, el análisis sobre si el ejercicio de la potestad sancionadora es de carácter obligatorio o facultativo ha sido objeto de debate en la doctrina española originándose posturas contrapuestas sobre el tema, con lo cual no habría un consenso sobre la admisión del principio de oportunidad en el ámbito sancionador. En ese contexto, este trabajo tiene por finalidad analizar cuáles serían los alcances y límites de la aplicación del principio de oportunidad en nuestro ordenamiento jurídico. Esta investigación se justifica en la ausencia de un reconocimiento expreso del citado principio en el Texto Único Ordenado de la Ley N° 27444, Ley del Procedimiento Administrativo General, aprobado por el Decreto Supremo N° 004-2019- JUS (TUO de la LPAG). Luego del análisis de la regulación sectorial y acogiendo la postura planteada por el profesor Rebollo Puig, se concluye que sería admisible incorporar el principio de oportunidad en materia sancionadora en el TUO de la LPAG, pero esta situación se encontraría condicionada al cumplimiento de tres aspectos: (i) en primer lugar, siguiendo el planteamiento del profesor Rebollo, que los criterios de oportunidad que otorgan discrecionalidad sobre la decisión de dar inicio a un procedimiento administrativo sancionador tendrían que estar regulados en una norma con rango de ley; (ii) en segundo lugar, que la aplicación de este principio tendría que darse antes del inicio formal del procedimiento sancionador, concretamente durante las actuaciones previas al procedimiento sancionador; (iii) en tercer lugar, que este principio únicamente sería aplicable para las conductas calificadas como infracciones leves.
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Guerra, Franciele Caroline. "Mapeamento das áreas de vulnerabilidades socioambientais aos riscos hidrológicos : inundações em Bragança Paulista – SP /." Rio Claro, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/192918.

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Orientador: Andréa Aparecida Zacharias
Resumo: Na atualidade, uma série de desastres inter-relacionados ganharam notoriedade no Brasil e no mundo, reunindo episódios que marcaram crescentes perdas, humanas e econômicas, associadas aos riscos e suas consequências. O processo de urbanização, juntamente com a impermeabilização do solo, retificação e assentamento em cursos d’água e encostas, contribuíram para o aumento do impacto de inundações, enchentes e vários outros processos advindos da ação antrópica que levam ao risco socioambiental. Somam-se nas últimas cinco décadas mais de dez mil mortes em desastres naturais no Brasil, a maioria destes relacionadas a inundações e queda de encostas. A magnitude de um desastre está vinculada com os fenômenos sociais, econômicos e demográficos, entre outros, e contribuem para aumentar a vulnerabilidade e exposição da população. O recorte espacial aqui analisado compreende a Região Administrativa do Lavapés, macrozona que envolve a área urbana do município de Bragança Paulista/SP. Bragança Paulista sofre, historicamente, uma série de problemas socioeconômicos e ambientais. Destaca-se o aumento na magnitude e frequência das enchentes devido à extensa cobertura impermeabilizada, pois grande parte da água que antes era infiltrada no solo, passa então a compor o volume que escoa superficialmente. O objetivo principal desta pesquisa funda-se sobre o estudo da espacialidade da vulnerabilidade socioambiental aos riscos hidrológicos, em específico as inundações, considerando a atuação dos fato... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: A series of interrelated disasters have currently gained prominence over the Brazil and worldwide, gathering episodes that have resulted in increasing losses, both human and economic, related to risks and their consequences. The urbanization process, along with degree of saturation, soil imperviousness, rectification and improper settlement on hillslopes and near to the rivers, have contributed to an increasing impact of floods and several human-induced processes that lead to socio-environmental risk. In the last five decades, there have been more than ten thousand deaths caused by natural disasters, most of them related to floods and landslide. The magnitude of a disaster is related to social, economic and demographic phenomena, among others, and contributes to increasing the population's vulnerability and exposure. We analyzed the Lavapés Administrative Region, a macrozone encompassing the urban area of Bragança Paulista/SP municipality. The city of Bragança Paulista have suffered, historically, a plenty of socioeconomic and environmental issues. The increasing intensity and frequency of the floods are noteworthy due to extensive impervious cover, since large water volumes that were previously infiltrating, now become part of the surface runoff. The main objective here relies on the spatial distribution of socio-environmental vulnerability related to hydrological risks, particularly floods, considering the triggering factors in urban areas. The methodological procedures are... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Senate, University of Arizona Faculty. "Faculty Senate Minutes December 4, 2017." University of Arizona Faculty Senate (Tucson, AZ), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626507.

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Scarlato, Michele. "Sicurezza di rete, analisi del traffico e monitoraggio." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/3223/.

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Il lavoro è stato suddiviso in tre macro-aree. Una prima riguardante un'analisi teorica di come funzionano le intrusioni, di quali software vengono utilizzati per compierle, e di come proteggersi (usando i dispositivi che in termine generico si possono riconoscere come i firewall). Una seconda macro-area che analizza un'intrusione avvenuta dall'esterno verso dei server sensibili di una rete LAN. Questa analisi viene condotta sui file catturati dalle due interfacce di rete configurate in modalità promiscua su una sonda presente nella LAN. Le interfacce sono due per potersi interfacciare a due segmenti di LAN aventi due maschere di sotto-rete differenti. L'attacco viene analizzato mediante vari software. Si può infatti definire una terza parte del lavoro, la parte dove vengono analizzati i file catturati dalle due interfacce con i software che prima si occupano di analizzare i dati di contenuto completo, come Wireshark, poi dei software che si occupano di analizzare i dati di sessione che sono stati trattati con Argus, e infine i dati di tipo statistico che sono stati trattati con Ntop. Il penultimo capitolo, quello prima delle conclusioni, invece tratta l'installazione di Nagios, e la sua configurazione per il monitoraggio attraverso plugin dello spazio di disco rimanente su una macchina agent remota, e sui servizi MySql e DNS. Ovviamente Nagios può essere configurato per monitorare ogni tipo di servizio offerto sulla rete.

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Kinuthia, Wanyee. "“Accumulation by Dispossession” by the Global Extractive Industry: The Case of Canada." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/30170.

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This thesis draws on David Harvey’s concept of “accumulation by dispossession” and an international political economy (IPE) approach centred on the institutional arrangements and power structures that privilege certain actors and values, in order to critique current capitalist practices of primitive accumulation by the global corporate extractive industry. The thesis examines how accumulation by dispossession by the global extractive industry is facilitated by the “free entry” or “free mining” principle. It does so by focusing on Canada as a leader in the global extractive industry and the spread of this country’s mining laws to other countries – in other words, the transnationalisation of norms in the global extractive industry – so as to maintain a consistent and familiar operating environment for Canadian extractive companies. The transnationalisation of norms is further promoted by key international institutions such as the World Bank, which is also the world’s largest development lender and also plays a key role in shaping the regulations that govern natural resource extraction. The thesis briefly investigates some Canadian examples of resource extraction projects, in order to demonstrate the weaknesses of Canadian mining laws, particularly the lack of protection of landowners’ rights under the free entry system and the subsequent need for “free, prior and informed consent” (FPIC). The thesis also considers some of the challenges to the adoption and implementation of the right to FPIC. These challenges include embedded institutional structures like the free entry mining system, international political economy (IPE) as shaped by international institutions and powerful corporations, as well as concerns regarding ‘local’ power structures or the legitimacy of representatives of communities affected by extractive projects. The thesis concludes that in order for Canada to be truly recognized as a leader in the global extractive industry, it must establish legal norms domestically to ensure that Canadian mining companies and residents can be held accountable when there is evidence of environmental and/or human rights violations associated with the activities of Canadian mining companies abroad. The thesis also concludes that Canada needs to address underlying structural issues such as the free entry mining system and implement FPIC, in order to curb “accumulation by dispossession” by the extractive industry, both domestically and abroad.

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Karingula, Varun Kumar. "MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF NANOFLUIDICS USING AFM PROBE." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/7917.

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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)
A new process for fabricating a nano fluidic device that can be used in medical application is developed and demonstrated. Nano channels are fabricated using a nano tip in indentation mode on AFM (Atomic Force Microscopy). The nano channels are integrated between the micro channels and act as a filter to separate biomolecules. Nano channels of 4 to7 m in length, 80nm in width, and at varying depths from 100nm to 850 nm allow the resulting device to separate selected groups of lysosomes and other viruses. Sharply developed vertical micro channels are produced from a deep reaction ion etching followed by deposition of different materials, such as gold and polymers, on the top surface, allowing the study of alternative ways of manufacturing a nano fluidic device. PDMS (Polydimethylsiloxane) bonding is performed to close the top surface of the device. An experimental setup is used to test and validate the device by pouring fluid through the channels. A detailed cost evaluation is conducted to compare the economical merits of the proposed process. It is shown that there is a 47:7% manufacturing time savings and a 60:6% manufacturing cost savings.

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Lin, Shih-Chieh, and 林世杰. "AFM as a Probe to identify Cell Apoptosis Process." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/03605984018351350828.

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碩士
雲林科技大學
機械工程系碩士班
98
Cell, micrometer scale in size usually, is too big for the application of Atomic Force Microscopy. But AFM, due to its high resolution, could reveal the cell texture in very details. With the help of high-resolution Charge Coupled Device (HR-CCD) and a 3D self-designed sample stage, an easy method of cell positioning technique was developed. Complete contour of the cell was derived via integration of local AFM images of the cell, so did the membrane roughness information. In this study, to characterize the cell apoptosis at its early stage was set as the research goal. Lymphocytic apoptosis, induced by H2O2, was the targeted phenomenon. Cell morphological information was derived via AFM imaging. The correlation between membrane roughness of Lymphocyte and its apoptosis process was identified.

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Chih-YangTsai and 蔡智仰. "The Study of PMOS Technology Failure Analysis by C-AFM in Advanced Process." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/21204399699007249165.

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碩士
國立成功大學
微電子工程研究所碩博士班
101
This thesis is to study advanced PMOS process often occurs SiGe short to Poly and induced abnormal electrical in 6T(6 Transistor) SRAM(Static Radon Access Memory), caused the process to be not going ahead, I will integrate the existing electrical data, failure analysis technology, machine resources. For this abnormal point, we will further explore and resolve this problem more effectively in the shortest possible time. Usually the failure analysis methods are often potential problems and identify the major killer in the shortest possible time, we need to change the tactics of the failure analysis and make further progress, the development of new analytical techniques are to help process improvement with the fastest time. This new failure analysis techniques there are two, one in the electrical analysis, analysis of the C-AFM(Conductive Atomic Force Microscopy) make adjustments, and the second is the physical analysis, the TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy) specimen preparation make adjustments, combined with this adjustment of the two analysis, In the analysis process, we are reducing waste of unnecessary time, waste of machine resources, saving the allocation of human and machine table, and gain more the use of resources.

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BHARDWAJ, ANANT. "COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF PARAMETERS IN CENTRIFUGAL FORCE ASSISTED ABRASIVE FLOW MACHINING PROCESS." Thesis, 2019. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/19746.

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Centrifugal force assisted abrasive Flow machining has played a vital role in improving the efficiency of the traditional abrasive flow machining process. It has readily kept its stands against the disadvantage of abrasive flow machining and has proven itself as an essential alternative against AFM process. In this works three different rods of different shape (rectangular, triangular and circular) are rotated in the centrifugal force assisted abrasive flow machining setup and the amount of MR (material Removal) and the quality of the surface finish have been observed. ANSYS 15.0 are used for the computational analysis of the centrifugal force assisted AFM process. The three rods are separately modeled and are tested for the same condition and found that pressure on the work piece which is a measure of the material removal is more for the rectangular rod. In order to validate the simulation results, Taguachi optimization technique was used in which the initial reading of material removal was taken by measuring weight and the initial reading of surface Roughness was taken by Taylor Hobson tally surf. After performing the experiment, it was found that for material removal the optimum value would be 300 RPM of rectangular rod speed, extruded with 6 numbers of cycles. And for the percentage improvement in surface finish the optimum values were 200 RPM of triangular rod in which media is extruded to 9 numbers of cycles. Evidently it was found that both the simulation and the experiment justify the centrifugal-force assisted AFM as the suitable mode for finishing operation with the use of suggested Process parameters.

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41

Ly, Anh. "Real time monitoring of Cell-Nanoparticles interaction and tracking internalization process by mechanical probing using Atomic Force Microscopy." Master's thesis, 2014. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/6131.

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With extensive development of nanotechnology in last few years, scientists have discovered that nanoparticles (NPs) can be used as an efficient Drug Delivery System (DOS). In order to develop better NPs based drug delivery tool, it is imperative to understand the interaction between the NPs and the cell membrane. In our earlier studies, cerium oxide nanoparticles (CNPs) have been reported to have therapeutic properties, specifically against abnormalities associated with oxidative stress. Therefore, CNPs with different sizes and morphology were selected to understand the interaction with cell. We analyzed the mechanical property of human nasal septum tumor cells membranes using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) with and without CNPs. In particular, Force-Distance spectroscopy mode was used to estimate the elasticity of cells membrane. Different concentrations (0, 50, 125 and 250 ?M) of CNPs were added to the cells (squamous cells; CCL30) and incubated for different time periods (0, 15, 30 and 60 minutes). Cell membrane elasticity/Young's modulus was calculated using a modified Hertz model. Changes in the cell elasticity were observed in high concentration of CNPs when treated with one hour. Significant changes in cell elasticity were observed at high concentration of CNPs for one hour of incubation. No significant change in cell elasticity was observed over one hour time period for 50 ?M of CNPs. Moreover, by using selected inhibitors to block different cell mediated internalization pathways, we also investigated the correlation between the cellular uptake and the tracking of NPs with their size. Specifically, similar change in cell elasticity was observed after blocking the cell energy production for CNPs with smaller diameter (3-5 nm). On the other hand, bigger size NPs (20-30 nm) showed no change in cell elasticity after blocking the cell energy production. These results indicate that 3-5 nm particles internalize cell by non-energy dependent pathway i.e. passive diffusion whereas 20-30 nm particles entered in cell by energy dependent pathways i.e. endocytosis of particles. Further, we have also identified the cellular uptake of 20-30 nm particles is by enclosing those CNPs in membrane vesicles in caveolae-mediated endocytosis mechanism. In summary, these results indicate that the nanoparticles-cell interaction has pronounced influence on the shape and size of the nanoparticles. These interactions can be further monitored by real time mechanical property measurement of cell membrane.
M.S.M.S.E.
Masters
Materials Science Engineering
Engineering and Computer Science
Materials Science and Engineering

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42

Kołodziej-Sadlok, Magdalena. "Badania procesów elektrochemicznych na granicy faz elektroda-roztwór metodą AFM in situ." Rozprawa doktorska, 2004. https://repolis.bg.polsl.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?showContent=true&id=4902.

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43

Kołodziej-Sadlok, Magdalena. "Badania procesów elektrochemicznych na granicy faz elektroda-roztwór metodą AFM in situ." Rozprawa doktorska, 2004. https://delibra.bg.polsl.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?showContent=true&id=4902.

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44

Yu-Ting, Tsai, and 蔡雨庭. "Process Development of Acellular Dermal Matrix (ADM) for Soft Tissue Augmentation." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/06434594071567318665.

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碩士
台北醫學院
藥學研究所
90
Soft tissue augmentations have been successfully used in the treatments of facial contour defects or urinary incontinence. Ideal soft tissue filler should possess the persistence as high as possible without deteriorating the injectability because it would be easy to introduce by injection and that could match the tissue as closely as possible. The object of this study was to develop a method of processing porcine skin to produce an injectable acellular dermal matrix (ADM) as a soft tissue replacement material. The results demonstrated that lengthy incubation of pieces of porcine skin with 0.25% trypsin (24 hr) and 560 unit/L dispase (12 hr) at 25℃ removed cells and cellular components in the skin efficiently. Histological examinations revealed that the epidermis, dermal fibroblasts, and epidermal appendages were completely absent after treatments, and the basic dermal architecture of collagen bundles were in a loose meshwork. Analysis by TEM, SDS-PAGE, and size-exclusion HPLC revealed that the ADM contains type I collagen mostly and showed two typical component peaks identified as oligomers and monomers, resepctively. After then, ADM was homogenized to a particulate form as an injectable soft tissue replacement material and 0.9 % sodium chloride was used as the medium to prepare various concentration of injectable ADM. The persistence of injectable ADM was discussed based on the rheological characteristics of injectable ADM with the analysis of the stress-strain curve, creep compliance, and storage modulus, which measured by using Dynamic Mechanical Analyzer (DMA). In addition to the rheological test on different concentrations of injectable ADM, the influence of blending α-hydroxy acids and additives with injectable ADM was examined. Overall, when 2 % glycolic acid blending with the injectable ADM showed the longest retardation time (τ), indicating that the rigidity of this blend is in a higher extent to demonstrate the best persistence among all. This is because the higher the τ value, the more “solid-like” the material will be, and vice versa. With respect to serving as soft tissue replacement material, the extent of rigidity is one of the critical factors to consider. On the other hand, temperature also affects the rheological characteristics of injectable ADM. The biocompatibility of injectable ADM was confirmed with the evaluation of in vitro cytotoxicity test using fibroblast (3T3) as a qualitative indicator based on the morphological examination of cell damage and growth rate when in direct contact with the materials. No significant morphologic changes were observed for these cells in contact with ADM for all the studied time periods. It concludes that ADM is highly compatible to be used to prepare materials for soft tissue augmentation.

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Chang, Jui-Tien, and 張瑞典. "Based on ABC/ABM and Six Sigma DMAIC toEstablish Operating Process ImprovementManagerial Model." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/04311155463314073996.

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碩士
逢甲大學
工業工程與系統管理學研究所
93
The fierce global competition in the international markets forces enterprise organizations to increase competitiveness worldwide. There are Total Quality Management (TQM)、Six Sigma (6σ)、Activity-Based Costing and Management (ABC/ABM) methodology had being adopted to analyze and improve the efficiency and effectiveness for the operation process. Six Sigma provide five gradation steps by using Work Improvement ECRS technology for improving and controlling the operation activity process. ABC/ABM has become a mature cost estimation, accounting and management methodology. By using ABC/ABM to analyze operation activity process,to estimate the cost of Objectiveive targets, and to provide cost information more accurately are being practice today with acceptable rate of success. The differential between Six Sigma and ABC/ABM is that the previous one emphasized gradation achievements after improvement and control, but ABC/ABM emphasized cost estimation for Objectiveive targets. This paper present a operating improvement managerial model of using two of Six Sigma DMAIC and ABC/ABM to provide what the key process activity is, what the controlling target cost is,for aiming the continuous improvement goal by using accurate ABC-Cost information data base. The model is demonstrated on manufacturing process in the Lead Frame Industry.

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NERLI, BALLATI ENRICO. "Simulare processi sociali: i sistemi multi-agente per la ricerca sociologica. Un’applicazione per lo studio del processo di diffusione dell’hashish nelle classi scolastiche." Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/763195.

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Per Coleman il problema della spiegazione del comportamento dei sistemi sociali può essere affrontato attraverso due prospettive. La prima prospettiva, di stampo classico e ampiamente diffusa nella ricerca sociale, è riconducibile all’analisi statistica applicata allo studio della relazione tra proprietà situate a livello macro. Gli strumenti di analisi tipici di questa prospettiva si fondano sulle analisi delle associazioni statistiche tra il comportamento di interesse e le altre caratteristiche del sistema sociale, intese come contesto in cui esso ha luogo. Questa visione ha come punto di forza la sua capacità descrittiva, ma ha come importante punto di debolezza una concezione della causazione che ha pervaso la ricerca quantitativa a partire dagli anni ’40 del XX secolo, secondo la quale il comportamento dell’attore sociale è influenzato da varie caratteristiche individuali e contestuali. Un limite è costituito dall’incapacità di andare oltre la descrizione del sistema, con la finalità di porre e rispondere a domande a livello più analitico. La seconda prospettiva è quella dell’analisi interna del comportamento sistemico. Questa visione implica l’esame dei processi interni al sistema, che ne riguardano le componenti o unità di livello inferiore a quello del sistema o sottogruppi che ne fanno parte. Per le loro caratteristiche e per le loro modalità di funzionamento, i sistemi multi-agente o agent-based models (ABMs) rappresentano uno strumento a disposizione della ricerca sociale per affrontare il problema dell’analisi interna del comportamento sistemico. Questi strumenti si sposano con una concezione della ricerca sociale che sposta il fuoco dell’attenzione dallo studio dei fattori di influenza allo studio dell’attore sociale e della sua definizione della situazione, dallo studio delle proprietà e delle relazioni tra esse allo studio delle attività nell’interazione sociale, dallo studio trasversale dei fenomeni allo studio dei processi sociali, dall’ottica delle proprietà sociali concepite come sostanze all’analisi delle configurazioni sociali generate dall’interazione a livello micro. L’obiettivo è la comprensione dell’interazione tra le componenti individuali o elementari di un sistema, che costituisce un passaggio fondamentale per guardare al comportamento complesso di un sistema sociale. Gli ABM possono così costituire uno strumento per la costruzione di modelli sui fenomeni sociali, in grado di rappresentare tutti i passaggi dello schema di relazione tra livello micro e livello macro e rappresentare dinamicamente l’evoluzione del comportamento di un sistema di azione. Nel testo la simulazione sociale viene introdotta partendo dall’attività che nelle scienze sociali viene descritta come modeling o Modellbildung, che si potrebbe tradurre con la locuzione modellizzazione o costruzione di modelli. In particolare, l’attenzione viene focalizzata sulla relazione tra il ricercatore, la teoria, il piano empirico inerente al sistema di azione studiato, il modello relativo al sistema di azione e la simulazione di questo modello. Nel quadro delle diverse opportunità offerte dalla simulazione sociale sono illustrate le caratteristiche denotative dei sistemi multi-agente. Le stesse caratteristiche, le opportunità e i vincoli tecnici dello strumento hanno delle implicazioni dirette nel rapporto tra impiego degli ABM e le prospettive teoriche degli scienziati sociali che ne fanno uso. Gli attributi di autonomia, abilità sociale, reattività e proattività degli agenti rendono possibile concettualizzare e formalizzare modelli che incorporano al loro interno il problema della microfondazione dell’azione sociale. Nel testo viene affrontato il tema del rapporto tra simulazione mediante ABM e spiegazione. Nello specifico vengono sottolineate le possibilità offerte dallo strumento per quella che Coleman definisce come l’analisi interna del comportamento sistemico e per l’analisi della relazione tra livello micro dell’azione sociale e livello macro delle configurazioni e delle regolarità empiriche riguardanti i fenomeni sociali. Ampio spazio viene dedicato alla nozione di meccanismo generativo, alla base dell’autodefinitosi programma di ricerca della sociologia analitica.Nella seconda parte del testo, la simulazione multi-agente viene messa a lavoro su un problema di ricerca specifico: la diffusione del consumo di hashish all’interno delle classi nelle scuole secondarie superiori. Il primo contatto con sostanza e il suo consumo sono pensati come eventi all’interno di un processo, nel quale l’azione sociale prende forma nell’interazione a livello micro attraverso l’influenza sociale e nel quale l’azione sociale ha un effetto ricorsivo sul sistema di azione nel suo complesso. Sono passati in rassegna diversi contributi contemporanei sull’influenza dei pari sui comportamenti a rischio, che si riferiscono soprattutto a studi che impiegano l’Analisi delle reti sociali. Il fenomeno del consumo di hashish non viene pensato in termini trasversali, ma come l’esito di una sequenza dinamica di eventi a livello micro che generano la configurazione osservabile empiricamente. Il linguaggio di programmazione informatica per gli ABM NetLogo è impiegato per formulare e formalizzare un modello di scelta condizionale, con le caratteristiche di un modello di soglia. L’esito dell’attività di formalizzazione è la costruzione del modello a due stadi dell’influenza dei pari sul consumo di sostanze. Il modello ipotizza l’integrazione tra i due stadi fondamentali del processo: lo stadio della selezione dei pari (1) e lo stadio della socializzazione alla sostanza attraverso l’interazione sociale (2). La distinzione tra i due stadi si riconnette strettamente alle caratteristiche di base del processo di omofilia sociale, impiegato per interpretare il consumo di hashish e marijuana tra pari. Il modello viene sviluppato attraverso nove differenti scenari, in ogni scenario sono introdotte e combinate ipotesi sulle micro condizioni dell’azione sociale. I sistemi multi-agente programmati sono calibrati empiricamente sulla base dei dati trasversali e retrospettivi originati da una rilevazione condotta su quattordici classi scolastiche. Il testo, infine, presenta i risultati delle simulazioni condotte e i risultati della validazione degli scenari simulati. L’obiettivo delle operazioni presentate nel capitolo è quello di vagliare la capacità replicativa delle simulazioni. Nel capitolo sono enucleati, analizzati e discussi i limiti strutturali del modello, legati alla posizione degli attori considerati come innovatori in relazione al fenomeno nelle reti sociali e alla loro partecipazione al processo. La validazione dei risultati consente di mettere in evidenza i limiti delle ipotesi sulle micro condizioni dell’azione sociale introdotte nei diversi scenari.

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47

Li, Hsiang-Ting, and 李湘婷. "Study of Manufacture Costs And Process Improvement By ABC/ABM –In Case of LCD Industry." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10882037424593888384.

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碩士
逢甲大學
工業工程學所
92
In the keen competition marketing environment, to strengthen enterprise competitive advantage is a necessary tendency. The management should own its internal cost information accurately, as the bases of continued improvement. In this paper, we establish a Activity-Based Costing (ABC) model, which is different cost calculation method from Volume-Based Costing (VBC). ABC not only provided financial and non-financial operation information but also improve twist costs information defect of Volume-Based Costing. The operation value chain offers each disguise of indirect cost of activities for the management as criteria continued improvement. We must identify the goal of the model before implement ABC and then established executive team to carry out activities analysis, determined resource drivers, activity cost pool, cost drivers and cost objects, then build ABC model. Furthermore, entered Activity-Based Management (ABM) stage, used database of the ABC model to analyze value-added activity and non-value-added activity. We are striving to cancel or reduce non-value-added activities through check production procedure, work method, improvement routing, etc. In order to increase work efficiency, and reach the goal of reduce costs. We use the software Architecture of Integrated Information System-ARIS 5.0, and describe how to construct ABC model by using ARIS 5.0. We calculated the activity cost drivers rate by ABC module calculation function of the Electronic Event Process Chain (eEPC), Organization Chart(OC), Cost Category Diagram(CCD), Cost Driver Diagram(CDD). Use “Top-Down” method to assign input costs for the activity drivers. This research is by case study according to Liquid Crystal Display panel manufacturer. We hopes to get accurate cost structure through ABC system, and to provide reference for management. This research also provide suggestions as the conclusion. Keyword: Activity-Based Costing, Volume-Based Costing, cost objects, Activity-Based Management

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48

Lo, An-Yi, and 羅安義. "Using Formal Concept Analysis to Automate Information Retrieval Process with Data set from ACM TechNews." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/r2j7wr.

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碩士
國立雲林科技大學
資訊管理系
102
With the mature information technology and highly developed Internet, computers become part of our lives. As Internet users grow rapidly, the information on the Internet becomes tremendous. How to find the useful information for the Internet users has become a critical issue. Although Formal Concept Analysis has been widely applied in many areas, some studies indicated that manual or semi-automatic methods were mainly used to deal with the process. Under this condition, an automatic FCA inquiry system based on the concept of "Concept Lattice" was built to increase the efficiency and accuracy of the entire process. This system avoided the human error and provided the real-time information. The research data was collected from ACM TechNews. The research result showed that more associations between the news and keywords were positively correlated with the searching results.

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49

Hynes, Jack Stewart. "Chasing the Dream: The Negotiation of Identity through the Process of Becoming an AFL Player." Thesis, 2022. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/44466/.

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50

Neves, João Bernardo Loureiro. "Estudo da Influência de diferentes aditivos de carbono no processo e desempenho das baterias AGM para aplicação estacionária." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/110550.

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O elétrodo negativo é um dos fatores limitantes das baterias VRLA. As características deste são conferidas e otimizadas através da utilização de aditivos de carbono na sua matéria ativa. Consequentemente, o desempenho de uma bateria está relacionado com o tipo de aditivo selecionado. O objetivo do presente trabalho é estudar a influência de diferentes aditivos de carbono no processo e desempenho das baterias AGM á escala industrial para serviço estacionário. Foram caracterizadas as matérias primas através da teoria BET e determinou-se a sua afinidade com a água a partir da medição do ângulo de contacto. Os quatro carbonos em estudo apresentaram uma área superficial de 25,339 m2/g, 203,89 m2/g, 159,78 m2/g, 898,24-900,99 m2/g e um ângulo de 128,74 º, 75,93º, 111 º,15,56 º respetivamente. Na fase de fabrico foram analisadas as pastas cujas densidades rondaram os 4,46-4,51 g/cm3 e a humidade os 8,28%-8,70%. O ensaio da intrusão de mercúrio demonstrou porosidades entre os 45%-47%. Na fase de carga e formação as baterias exibiram perdas de água entre os 15%-16% e tensões mais baixas para os aditivos de maior área. A análise às baterias demonstrou um peso de 8,055kg-8,151 kg para cada elemento (2,161V-2,179V), uma saturação entre os 95,63%-97,05%, uma estratificação entre os 0,78%-1,27% e uma boa qualidade de formação das placas. As versões atingiram capacidades de 159,60 Ah, 165,38 Ah,161,33 Ah e 165,08 Ah (por ordem crescente da área do aditivo) segundo um regime de descarga C10. O comportamento de recarga durante 168 horas segundo a IEC 60896-21 foi cerca de 1% inferior para o aditivo mais hidrofóbico. Até á data o aditivo mais benéfico foi o de 159,78 m2/g.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'AFM PROCESS'

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