Academic literature on the topic 'Affordances multiples'
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Journal articles on the topic "Affordances multiples":
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Haddad, Lilas, Yannick Wamain, and Solène Kalénine. "Too much to handle? Interference from distractors with similar affordances on target selection for handled objects." PLOS ONE 18, no. 8 (August 29, 2023): e0290226. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0290226.
Abstract:
The existence of handle affordances has been classically demonstrated using the Stimulus-Response Compatibility paradigm, with shorter response times when the orientation of the object handle and the response hand are compatible in comparison to incompatible. Yet the activation of handle affordances from visual objects has been investigated in very simple situations involving single stimulus and motor response. As natural perceptual scenes are usually composed of multiple objects that could activate multiple affordances, the consequence of multiple affordance activation on the perception and processing of a given object of the scene requires more investigation. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of distractor affordances on the processing of a target object in situations involving several familiar graspable objects. In two online experiments, 229 participants had to select a target object (the kitchen utensil or the tool) in a visual scene displaying a pair of objects. They performed left key presses when the target was on the left and right key presses when the target was on the right. Target handle orientation and response side could be compatible or incompatible. Critically, target and distractor objects had similar or dissimilar handle affordances, with handles oriented for left- or right-hand grasps. Results from the two experiments showed slower response times when target and distractor objects had similar handle affordances in comparison to dissimilar affordances, when participants performed right hand responses and when target orientation and response were compatible. Thus, affordance similarity between objects may interfere rather than facilitate object processing and slow down target selection. These findings are in line with models of affordance and object selection assuming automatic inhibition of distractors’ affordances for appropriate object interaction.
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Chen, Xi, and Weihua Zhu. "Exploiting language affordances in Chinese-mediated intercultural communication." Intercultural Pragmatics 20, no. 5 (November 1, 2023): 495–519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ip-2023-5002.
Abstract:
Abstract In this study, we explore how language affordances are exploited in intercultural communication using the socio-cognitive approach. Based on previous discussions of language affordances, we divide the exploiting practices into three categories, namely, enabling a language affordance, constraining a language affordance, and presenting multiple language affordances. Data were collected from 16 roundtable discussions that took place over four seasons of a Chinese TV program. Each roundtable discussion involved four L1 Chinese speakers and eleven L2 Chinese speakers. The L2 speakers are multilingual, frequently speaking more than one language, including English. A quantitative analysis of the data reveals a collective pattern in the participants’ exploitation of language affordances, that is, they tend to activate more core common-ground knowledge than the knowledge of emergent common ground. In addition, they are inclined to construct multicultural common ground, which they actively align themselves with. Their awareness of communicative goals and self-identification as competent multilingual speakers also influence their choice of language affordances.
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Morrison, Amani C. "Black Spatial Affordances and the Residential Ecologies of the Great Migration." Environment and Society 13, no. 1 (September 1, 2022): 43–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/ares.2022.130104.
Abstract:
Affordance theory, originating in ecological psychology but adopted by the field of design studies, refers to possibilities for action that a subject perceives in an environment. I posit Black spatial affordance, critically employing affordances with an eye toward Black ecological and geographical practices, and I apply it to the Great Migration residential landscape and literature. Grounded in racial capitalist critique, Black geographic thought, and cultural critique at the intersections of race, place, and performance, Black spatial affordance works as an analytic to engage Black quotidian practice in racially circumscribed and delineated places and spaces. Operating at multiple scales, Black spatial affordance engages the specificity of places structured by racism to analyze the micro-level spatial negotiations Black subjects devise and employ in recognition of the terrain through which they move or are emplaced. Employing Black spatial affordance enables critical inquiry into the spatial navigation of subjects who occupy marginal positions in society.
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Du, Xiaoshuang, and Lian Zhang. "Investigating EFL Learners’ Perceptions of Critical Thinking Learning Affordances: Voices From Chinese University English Majors." SAGE Open 12, no. 2 (April 2022): 215824402210945. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440221094584.
Abstract:
Affordances are action possibilities provided by the environment. This study investigated university EFL learners’ perceptions of the critical thinking learning affordances in their course learning environment. The participants were a cohort of 156 fourth-year English majors from a Chinese university where the English department was under a curriculum reform to promote students’ language learning and critical thinking development. The instrument of this study was the Learning Environment Affordance Survey_Critical Thinking (LEAS_CT) with a set of multiple-choice questions. The data analysis methods used in the study included descriptive statistical analysis, factor analysis, and MANOVA tests. The results showed that the English majors had strongly positive perceptions of the critical thinking learning affordances, which included four types: Rich Resources, Interactive Negotiation, Quality Task, and Community Culture. The results also revealed that high-achieving students had significantly better perceptions of the critical thinking learning affordances than lower-achieving students. Responses to the multiple-choice questions indicated that the English majors considered content-rich materials, teacher-facilitation, and small-group/peer learning benefited them most in terms of critical thinking development. Factors that influenced their perceptions of learning affordances and implications concerning integrating critical thinking into the tertiary EFL curriculum were discussed.
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Bennett, Timothy, Liam Thomas, and Andrew D. Wilson. "Affordances for throwing: An uncontrolled manifold analysis." PLOS ONE 19, no. 4 (April 17, 2024): e0301320. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0301320.
Abstract:
Movement systems are massively redundant, and there are always multiple movement solutions to any task demand; motor abundance. Movement consequently exhibits ‘repetition without repetition’, where movement outcomes are preserved but the kinematic details of the movement vary across repetitions. The uncontrolled manifold (UCM) concept is one of several methods that analyses movement variability with respect to task goals, to quantify repetition without repetition and test hypotheses about the control architecture producing a given abundant response to a task demand. However, like all these methods, UCM is under-constrained in how it decomposes a task and performance. In this paper, we propose and test a theoretical framework for constraining UCM analysis, specifically the perception of task-dynamical affordances. Participants threw tennis balls to hit a target set at 5m, 10m or 15m, and we performed UCM analysis on the shoulder-elbow-wrist joint angles with respect to variables derived from an affordance analysis of this task as well as more typical biomechanical variables. The affordance-based UCM analysis performed well, although data also showed thrower dynamics (effectivities) need to be accounted for as well. We discuss how the theoretical framework of affordances and affordance-based control can be connected to motor abundance methods in the future.
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Lichti, Constantin W., and Andranik Tumasjan. "“My Precious!”: A Values-Affordances Perspective on the Adoption of Bitcoin." Journal of the Association for Information Systems 24, no. 3 (2023): 629–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17705/1jais.00790.
Abstract:
Given the growing pervasiveness of information systems (IS) in everyday life, recent research has acknowledged that IS technologies are often not value free but are instead infused with fundamental personal values. However, little is known about how such values explain why people assimilate these technologies and their affordances. In the intriguing case of Bitcoin, personal values—especially libertarian political values—played an essential role in clarifying the ideological underpinnings of Bitcoin and its early adoption. Consequently, we draw on research on personal values and affordance theory to develop and test a model explicating how these personal values guide individuals toward using IS applications with salient affordances that address their values. Specifically, we hypothesize and test how individuals’ personal values (i.e., libertarian political values) influence their attitudes toward Bitcoin affordances and their Bitcoin use behavior using data from a multiple administration survey of 236 users and nonusers of Bitcoin. Our results indicate that libertarian political values affect individuals’ attitudes toward Bitcoin affordances, which in turn mediate the effects of these values on actual Bitcoin use. Our findings advance the field by demonstrating the importance of integrating values into the conceptualization of IS technology affordances.
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Nosek, John T. "Towards an Affordance-Based Theory of Collaborative Action (CoAct)." International Journal of e-Collaboration 7, no. 4 (October 2011): 37–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jec.2011100103.
Abstract:
Collaborative Action provides a novel approach to modeling interaction among users and machines and IT-mediated collaboration among people to solve problems. CoAct extends the notions of affordance and moves away from idiosyncratic, subjective mental models of the world to the notion that actors with similar capacities to act can potentially discern similar action possibilities in the world. It changes the direction from discovery and alignment of internal representations to mutual attunement of collaborators to build sufficient capabilities, share informational structures, and calibrate selectivity to achieve shared affordances. CoAct has the potential to influence such diverse areas as usability engineering, information overload, and group decision making. CoAct can be used at multiple levels of granularity, from fine granularity of a single interaction to tracking intermediate progress and results of a set of interactions. Propositions based on CoAct are presented. An initial experiment provides some support for an affordance-based approach to information sharing/design.
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Ye, Lin, Wilson Cardwell, and Leonard S. Mark. "Perceiving Multiple Affordances for Objects." Ecological Psychology 21, no. 3 (July 29, 2009): 185–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10407410903058229.
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Bobsin, Debora, Maira Petrini, and Marlei Pozzebon. "The value of technology affordances to improve the management of nonprofit organizations." RAUSP Management Journal 54, no. 1 (February 11, 2019): 14–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rausp-07-2018-0045.
Abstract:
Purpose This paper aims to investigate the benefits generated by the use of new technologies by nonprofit organizations, with focus on how these artefacts can improve their ability to achieve their social mission. Design/methodology/approach To understand the potential use of technology by a nonprofit organization, the concept of affordance was applied. The authors propose a processual model of affordances’ interdependences that enrich the extant literature. Six nonprofit organizations in two Brazilian regions were deeply investigated using a multiple case study method. Findings The authors identified new sub-categories of technology affordances, which are not just related to nonprofit but that could be also applied to other types, including for-profit. Sub-categories of affordances seem to play different roles in the actualization process. The authors are not proposing determinist connections among sub-categories, but they argue that they sustain some sub-categories precede or create the condition for others to emerge. Originality/value Nonprofit organizations lack theoretical and empirical investigations on management in general and on technology management in particular. In its turn, the technology field does not pay much attention, both in terms of research and practice, to the specificities of the third sector where the nonprofit organizations operate. This process model of potential uses of new technologies that might favor nonprofit organizations contributes to the cross-fertilization between two distinct fields: third sector and technology management.
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Zech, Philipp, Simon Haller, Safoura Rezapour Lakani, Barry Ridge, Emre Ugur, and Justus Piater. "Computational models of affordance in robotics: a taxonomy and systematic classification." Adaptive Behavior 25, no. 5 (September 18, 2017): 235–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1059712317726357.
Abstract:
J. J. Gibson’s concept of affordance, one of the central pillars of ecological psychology, is a truly remarkable idea that provides a concise theory of animal perception predicated on environmental interaction. It is thus not surprising that this idea has also found its way into robotics research as one of the underlying theories for action perception. The success of the theory in this regard has meant that existing research is both abundant and diffuse by virtue of the pursuit of multiple different paths and techniques with the common goal of enabling robots to learn, perceive, and act upon affordances. Up until now, there has existed no systematic investigation of existing work in this field. Motivated by this circumstance, in this article, we begin by defining a taxonomy for computational models of affordances rooted in a comprehensive analysis of the most prominent theoretical ideas of import in the field. Subsequently, after performing a systematic literature review, we provide a classification of existing research within our proposed taxonomy. Finally, by both quantitatively and qualitatively assessing the data resulting from the classification process, we highlight gaps in the research terrain and outline open questions for the investigation of affordances in robotics that we believe will help inform future work, prioritize research goals, and potentially advance the field toward greater robot autonomy.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Affordances multiples":
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Haddad, Lilas. "Impact of multiple affordances on object perception in natural scenes." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2023. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/ToutIDP/EDSHS/2023/2023ULILH060.pdf.
Abstract:
La perception d'objet et la perception d'action sont étroitement liées. La perception visuelle des objets amène à la perception des composants d'actions évoqués par ces objets : les micro-affordances. De nombreuses preuves ont souligné l'existence de ces affordances, correspondant à l'évocation de saisies de différentes mains (main gauche/droite), de saisies de différentes tailles (main entière/pince fine) ou d'orientations de poignet différentes (saisie verticale/horizontale). Cependant, les scènes naturelles sont rarement composées d'un seul mais de plusieurs objets pouvant évoquer multiples affordances. Ces affordances multiples pourraient avoir un impact sur le traitement perceptif des objets. De plus, les objets présentés dans une même scène sont généralement liés sémantiquement, car faisant partie du même contexte. Les relations sémantiques entre les objets pourraient alors moduler la façon dont nous percevons les objets et leurs affordances. Les relations thématiques entre objets (clé-cadenas) sont particulièrement intéressantes car elles partagent des mécanismes neurocognitifs avec la représentation des gestes d'utilisation d'objet. L'objectif de cette thèse est d'étudier les conséquences de l'évocation de multiples affordances sur le traitement perceptif et la sélection d'un objet donné dans des scènes naturelles. Nous avons évalué l'impact de la similarité des affordances sur la sélection d'objets et la façon dont les relations thématiques entre objets modulent le traitement perceptif de ceux-ci. Dans une première étude comportementale en ligne utilisant un paradigme de compatibilité stimulus-réponse, nous avons mis en évidence un coût de traitement lorsque des paires d'objets non-reliées et orientées pour une saisie main gauche/droite évoquaient des affordances similaires. La similarité des affordances ralentissait la sélection de la cible. En outre, le coût engendré par des affordances de saisie mains gauche/droite était limité aux situations pertinentes pour l'action, pour des réponses utilisant la main dominante et lorsque la réponse était compatible avec l'affordance évoqué par l'objet cible. Lors d'une deuxième expérience comportementale en laboratoire utilisant un paradigme similaire dans un environnement 3D, nous avons pu étendre ces premiers résultats aux affordances de tailles de saisies. Nous avons démontré un coût de traitement perceptif lorsque des paires d'objets évoquaient des affordances de taille de saisie similaires. En outre, nous avons mis en évidence une suppression du coût des affordances similaires sur la sélection de la cible lorsque les objets étaient thématiquement liés. Dans une troisième étude neurophysiologique utilisant l'électroencéphalographie, nous avons évalué les corrélats du coût entraîné par les affordances similaires sur la désynchronisation du rythme µ, reflétant l'activité du réseau neuronal moteur au cours de la perception. Les résultats ont révélé que pendant la sélection de la cible, la désynchronisation μ était réduite lorsque les affordances étaient similaires plutôt que dissimilaires. Cet effet disparaissait lorsque les objets étaient thématiquement liés. Dans l'ensemble, les preuves comportementales et neurophysiologiques soutiennent le modèle d'inhibition des affordances de Vainio et Ellis (2020) et Caligiore et al. (2013). Suivant l'hypothèse d'inhibition, un observateur doit inhiber les objets distracteurs pour sélectionner l'objet cible. Lorsque les objets évoquent des affordances similaires, l'inhibition de l'objet distracteur et de ses affordances conduit à l'inhibition automatique de l'affordance de la cible, ralentissant son traitement. Cette thèse fournit de nouvelles preuves comportementales et neuronales en faveur du modèle d'inhibition des affordances et de la sélection d'objets en situation naturelles. En outre, il démontre pour la première fois le rôle des relations sémantiques dans la régulation de l'inhibition des affordances dans des scènes naturellesObject perception and action perception are closely interrelated. Perceiving visual objects also leads to the perception of various grasping components evoked by the objects, known as micro-affordances. We have numerous pieces of evidence that a single object may evoke micro-affordances such as a right- or left-hand grasp depending on object handle orientation or a power or precision grip depending on object size. However, natural scenes are usually composed of several objects evoking multiple affordances that may impact object perceptual processing. Moreover, objects presented in a common scene are usually semantically related, as they are part of the same context. The semantic relations between objects may then modulate how one perceives objects and their affordances. In this view, thematic relations between objects (e.g., key-lock) are particularly interesting as they share cognitive and neural substrates with use gesture knowledge. The aim of this thesis is to investigate the consequences of the evocation of multiple affordances on the perception and selection of a given object in naturalistic scenes. We investigated how the similarity of affordances would impact object selection and how thematic relations between objects would modulate object perceptual processing. In a first online behavioral study using a stimulus and response compatibility paradigm, we highlighted a processing cost when pairs of unrelated objects had similar right- or left-hand grasp affordances, with the similarity of affordances slowing down target selection. Furthermore, the cost entailed by similar handle affordances was restricted to action relevant situations, when responding with the dominant hand and when the response was compatible with the affordance of the target. In a second behavioral experiment using the stimulus and response compatibility paradigm in a 3D environment, we were able to extend these first findings to other types of micro-affordances (grasp size affordances). Again, we demonstrated a perceptual processing cost when pairs of objects had similar grasp size affordances. Furthermore, we highlighted a suppression of the cost entailed by similar affordances on target selection when objects were thematically related. In a third neurophysiological study using electroencephalography, we evaluated the correlates of the cost entailed by similar affordances on µ rhythm desynchronization, which is assumed to reflect the activity of the motor neural network during perception. Results revealed that during target selection, μ desynchronization was reduced when affordances were similar in comparison to dissimilar. This effect disappeared when objects were thematically related. Overall, behavioral and neurophysiological evidence support the model of affordance inhibition proposed by Vainio and Ellis (2020) and Caligiore et al. (2013). According to the inhibition hypothesis, the observer needs to inhibit distractor objects to select the target object. When the different objects in the scene have similar affordances, inhibition of the distractor object and its affordances leads to the automatic inhibition of the target affordance, which slows down target processing. The present work provides behavioral and neural evidence in favor of the inhibition model of affordance and object selection in more naturalistic scenes involving familiar meaningful objects. In addition, it first demonstrates the role of semantic relations in the regulation of affordance inhibition in naturalistic scenes
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Marti, Geoffrey. "Rôle de multiples affordances dans la prise de décision et la régulation de l'action chez le conducteur : L'exemple du franchissement d'intersection." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM4024.
Abstract:
La traversée d’intersection constitue une tâche typique dans laquelle plusieurs affordances coexistent, l’une traduisant les possibilités de franchir l’intersection, l’autre traduisant les possibilités d’immobiliser le véhicule afin d’éviter une collision. En nous inspirant des travaux de Gibson et Crooks (1938), nous avons formalisé les affordances Field of Safe Travel (FST) et Minimum Stopping Zone (MSZ) en termes de temps critique pour réussir le franchissement d’intersection et l’immobilisation du véhicule, respectivement. Grâce à un dispositif de réalité virtuelle et un simulateur de conduite, nous avons testé la prise en compte de ces affordances par un agent engagé dans la tâche de référence à travers trois expérimentations. Les résultats, appuyés par notre modèle de prise de décision, montrent que le conducteur intègre non seulement l’affordance FST, mais aussi l’affordance MSZ, dans sa décision de franchir l’intersection. De plus, l’utilisation conjointe de ces deux affordances rend compte des régulations de vitesses produites par un agent devant réaliser la tâche de franchissement en présence d’un véhicule préprogrammée ou soumis au contrôle d’un autre agent. Ces différents résultats montrent que les agents prennent en compte les différentes possibilités qui leur sont offertes (affordances FST et MSZ) pour faire un choix adapté et réguler leur vitesseCrossing an intersection is a typical task in which several affordances coexist, one offering the possibilities to safely cross the intersection (the main goal) and another offering the possibilities to stop the driving car to avoid a collision (the alternative goal). Based on Gibson and Crooks’ works (1938), we formalized the so-called Field of Safe Travel (FST) and Minimum Stopping Zone (MSZ) affordances in terms of critical time for safe crossing and for safe stopping, respectively. Using a virtual reality set-up with a driving simulator, three experiments have been designed to test the role of these two affordances on the decision-making and the regulation of action process. Our results, supported by a model of decision-making, reveal that drivers rely not only on the FST affordance, but also on the MSZ affordance, to choose to cross-or-not the intersection. Moreover, the joint use of these affordances is still observed when drivers have to control their velocity to perform the task when either a vehicle with a computed kinematic or a car driven by another agent is approaching. Put together, these results show that drivers take into account several possibilities for action offered by the environment (FST and MSZ affordances) to make a suitable choice and to control their speed when approaching an intersection
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Ye, Lin. "The Perception of Objects with Multiple Affordances." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1165554317.
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Favela, Luis H. Jr. "Walking Through Apertures: Assessing Judgments Obtained from Multiple Modalities." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1397734910.
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Kim, Ji Hyun. "Multiple enactments of public space : an affordance analysis on stabilisation and multiplicity of user activity." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2017. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10037800/.
Abstract:
Public space is an intrinsic element in our cities reflecting our everyday life. It contains various types of social, cultural, economic, and other relations. These relations continually change their ways of agglomeration in the space. In this regard, it has been pointed out that this manifoldness and changeability is one of the barriers making difficult for the public space studies to examine public space. This research seeks an empirical method to capture this multiple and ever-changing aspect of public space. It examined user activities in public spaces to address how public space performs multiple roles, how the behind-the-scenes dynamic relations make them different public spaces, and what the role of materiality in the performances of public space is. To look at the multiple production process of human activities, the concept of affordances (Gibson, 1979) was applied to examine the relations between the human and physical environments and Actor-Network Theory (ANT) was applied to investigate the characteristics of public space through the user activity networks. Data on user behaviour were gathered by observations, short interviews, and questionnaires from Fortune Street Park and Kingston Ancient Market Place, both small public spaces in London. The ANT framework of material relations recognised that the stabilisation (Callon, 1992; Bijker, 1997) of user activity networks are achieved through a fluid process (Law, 2002) and that this fluidity is based on the multiple affordances in the space. Using the term multiplicity (Mol & Law, 2002), this research describes the ways in which the multiple activities interfere and overlap with each other along with the actants involved. This research found the two cases perform multiple roles, which was verified by multiple enactments of user activity networks. However, the two cases showed differences in generating user activity stabilisations and in holding the multiple activity networks together in the space. These network differences were identified as the main causes to generate different publicness, which are constantly changing. Based on these findings, this research argues that the cases under study transform their network relations in multiple ways to be stabilised as public spaces, and finally suggests a new empirical tool to examine the multiple and ever-changing aspect of public space.
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McTavish, Marianne Emily. "Affordances and recontextualizations : a multiple-case study of young children's engagement in information literacy practices in school and out-of-school contexts." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/23521.
Abstract:
Students’ future worlds will require the use of conventional print literacies and new multiliteracies in order to access and construct information that requires print, electronic and face-to face interactions within private and public economic sectors, and within local and global corporate worlds (Luke, 1998). Research has called for a new understanding of literacy and literacy teaching and learning to account for the context of our culturally and linguistically diverse and increasingly globalized societies, and to account for the burgeoning variety of text forms associated with information and multimedia technologies (Lankshear & Knobel, 2003a).
Drawing on a sociocultural theory of literacy learning situated in particular contexts, this qualitative multiple-case study examines the school and out-of-school contexts of four second-grade children. It focuses on the ways in which these contexts afforded and constrained opportunities for the children to engage in, appropriate, and recontextualize information literacy (IL) practices. Findings show that despite similar constraining factors in both contexts (i.e., press of time, perceived needs, access to informational texts, and disruptions and interruptions), the out-of-school contexts offered the children greater and more diverse opportunities for engagement than did the school context. Further, findings show that the children’s school IL practices crossed to out-of-school contexts where the children embedded and changed them in flexible, playful, and contemporary ways that enhanced their IL development. Although the children tried to transfer the practices and genres back in the classroom, these attempts were largely ignored unless they fit with the practices upheld by the school.
The study offers new knowledge of how school literacy may impact some children’s out-of-school literacies. It provides implications for teachers, parents and curriculum writers in conceiving IL as social practice and in recognizing the role of out-of-school contexts as spaces to construct meaning. It also suggests that attempts to bring the literacy practices from children’s out-of-school lives to the school context for purposes of literacy instruction may be misguided; rather, it may be more realistic to concentrate efforts on supporting those out-of-school contexts that enable children to recontextualize school practices for a wider and more global use.
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Atmodiwirjo, Paramita. "Multiple affordances of urban public places : a study of adolescents' use of bus stops for waiting and hanging out in Jakarta, Indonesia." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.421134.
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YE, LIN Ph D. "Placing Objects in the Context of Goal-directed Actions: Cultural Differences between Chinese and American Students in the Perception of Multiple Affordances for Objects." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1280791568.
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Mkandawire, Kondwani Kelvin. "An investigation of language learning agency in English for academic purposes: The case of the Malawi University of Science and Technology." University of Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7994.
Abstract:
Philosophiae Doctor - PhDThere is general recognition regarding the importance of English for Academic Purposes (EAP) courses in assisting students acquire academic discourses appropriate to specific disciplines of study. However, undergraduate students in multilingual contexts, where English is a second or foreign language face challenges in managing the transition from secondary school into the university, where they are expected to appropriate as well as acclimate to new discourses of communication deemed to be essential for their survival in the academic world. Although studies show the importance of agency in language learning success, institutional demands have sometimes led to the adoption of teaching and assessment practices that ignore the learners’ English language learning history, background, experiences and needs, which impact on their sense of agency and voice in the EAP classroom and eventually their learning success.
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Hajhashemi, Karim. "Multiple intelligences and network affordances: can videos enhance students' perceptions of their learning experience, learning outcomes and subject engagement?" Thesis, 2016. https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/62751/1/JCU_62751_hajhashemi_2016_thesis.pdf.
Abstract:
In conjunction with the arrival of emerging technologies, many universities are encouraging their educators to rethink and reframe their teaching approaches and delivery methods. Integrating different types of media to enhance delivery of subject materials to higher education students is growing in national and international importance. As a response to the technology-enhanced approach, a more student-centered experience that actively engages students is promoted. This mixed-methods research focuses on students' and lecturers' perceptions of the value of online videos in relation to student's learning experiences and engagement with respect to the effect of multiple intelligences. This helps to clarify whether there is a relationship between students' multiple intelligences scores and their age, gender, learning experience and motivation. This study also reports on interviews conducted with both lecturers and students. It seeks to answer how and why students use online videos, and how this might influence engagement in their subjects. It provides a clear voice on their views concerning the benefits, and challenges of online video use, along with any positive or negative suggestions regarding their experience of the technology. It also reports whether employing various types of videos within a subject could increase and support learning needs and intelligences of students. Furthermore, lecturers' perceptions of different modes and purposes for online videos and their views, understanding, and challenges of the learning and teaching environment in a flipped classroom approach are investigated.
Analysing the quantitative data, a number of important insights were obtained. For example, it was revealed that students are higher on Intrapersonal intelligence and lower in Existential intelligence. Bodily-Kinesthetic and Musical-Rhythmic intelligences were other highly developed intelligences of students.
Based on the lecturers' responses, there seems to be distinctive similarities and differences between two disciplines in the extent of video integration and types of videos that they use. The most visible similarity between these participants is in terms of incorporating different kinds of short YouTube videos. As for Tech-literacy, unlike participants from Behavioural Sciences who relied on videos from YouTube and other online resources, all Educational Science participants could create their own videos by using Camtasia, and not having a reliance on the available online sources. Moreover, there seems to be certain tech-literacy differences between baby boomers and Generation Xers.
Considering lecturers' perception on the flipped classroom approach, the study revealed some challenges in their teaching. According to the data gathered from interviews, it seems that the challenges are around the use of Camtasia, rigidity (clunky platforms), technology access and funding, technology mastery, upskilling in latest technological change and innovation, the structure and the pedagogy and the types of activities that they implement. The findings also revealed many advantages in successfully implementing the flipped model. For instance, the participants claimed that offering subjects in this approach provides students the opportunity to view lectures at home; thus freeing class time for demonstrating problem solving and deeper discussion-based face-to-face learning and understanding of the material.
Students' interview findings revealed that the videos were perceived to be beneficial for students' engagement and motivation. The results also revealed that interest plays a major role for students who are keen to watch the topics that intrigue them. Based on their responses, it seems that they were dissatisfied with monotonous video lectures that failed to make their learning interesting. It seems that students are no longer interested in too much reading, and prefer easier and less demanding modes of learning, i.e. watching videos which denote a change in their desired mode of internalizing knowledge to an easier one. Desire for brevity, conciseness, and to the point videos with no additional materials were also found more attractive and engaging for them. They enjoy the flexibility to be able to watch videos with no time and place restrictions. Variety is perceived to be important to Net-Geners in particular, and music and visual aids seem to be their preference and a significant motivational stimulus. Animation and simulation make their learning easier. They like cognition forming and cognition sharing as a team work strategy and have the higher stimulus of interactive communication. Lastly, it seems that videos could be used as new modalities for changing the life for people with various learning disabilities.
Based on students' responses, it seems that they were mostly satisfied with the video integration as they reported positive experiences from the videos uploaded and shared by lecturers. The results revealed the interactivity of videos and students' preference toward games and pleasure and interest sparked by video integration. The results indicated that visually attentive students would be more intrigued and motivated if the lecturer had incorporated a visual modality. Video integration has made them free from the burden of note taking and paying attention to the lecture at the same time. Videos have provided them the opportunity and flexibility to refer back to what is being said by the lecturer with no time and place restriction and with the benefit of documentation once it is downloaded. The findings also revealed that videos cannot stand entirely by themselves and need supplementary material or tutoring on the part of the teacher. The students addressed the necessity of their lecturers' need for familiarity with the latest Apps, as well as the lecturers' need to overcome a lack of technology literacy, in particular, in the psychology discipline.
In conclusion, this study found that, with regard to online video materials, students also reported that videos could address their various intelligence types and abilities. Because students have different combinations of abilities and intelligences, they are attracted to various video activities based on different reasons, such as note taking, auditory and music, visuals, playing games, interactive discussions and questions, entertainment, and practical examples of real life experiences. Therefore, the existing video materials are sufficient to supplement the lesson curriculum and to address their intelligences.
Books on the topic "Affordances multiples":
1
Leńko-Szymańska, Agnieszka, and Alex Boulton, eds. Multiple Affordances of Language Corpora for Data-driven Learning. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/scl.69.
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Boulton, Alex, and Agnieszka Lenko-Szymanska. Multiple affordances of language corpora for data-driven learning. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2015.
3
Boerman-Cornell, William, Josha Ho, David Klanderman, and Sarah Klanderman. Using Graphic Novels in the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Classroom. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781350279223.
Abstract:
This book provides everything STEM teachers need to use graphic novels in order to engage students, explain difficult concepts, and enrich learning. Drawing upon the latest educational research and over 60 years of combined teaching experience, the authors describe the multimodal affordances and constraints of each element of the STEM curriculum. Useful for new and seasoned teachers alike, the chapters provide practical guidance for teaching with graphic novels, with a section each for Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics. An appendix provides nearly 100 short reviews of graphic novels arranged by topic, such as cryptography, evolution, computer coding, skyscraper design, nuclear physics, auto repair, meteorology, and human physiology, allowing the teacher to find multiple graphic novels to enhance almost any unit. These include graphic novel biographies of Stephen Hawking, Jane Goodall, Alan Turing, Rosalind Franklin, as well as popular titles such as T-Minus by Jim Ottoviani, Brook Gladstone’s The Influencing Machine, Theodoris Andropoulos’s Who Killed Professor X, and Gene Yang’s Secret Coders series.
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Kumar, Akshaya. Provincializing Bollywood. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190130183.001.0001.
Abstract:
This book situates Bhojpuri cinema within the long history of vernacular media production, which was kick-started by audio cassettes and spurred on further with VCDs and DVDs. The emergence of multiplex-malls and the evacuation of single-screen theatres all over north India, at a time of massive real estate development, particularly in peninsular Indian cities, which required working class migrants’ ‘manual labour’ also prepared the ground for new linguistic consolidations and cultural forms. Investigating the historical, theoretical and empirical bases of Bhojpuri media production, the book tries to make sense of cinema within the ‘comparative media crucible’, in which film history sits alongside floods, droughts, musical traditions, gendered segregation, real estate boom, libidinal youth cultures, urban resettlements and highway modernities. The book grapples with Bhojpuri media from within Hindi film history, from the vantage point of provincial north India, in the light of the socio-technical upheavals of the last three decades. Foregrounding the libidinal energies, language politics and curatorial informalities, the book argues that Bhojpuri cinema could be conceptualized via the logic of overflow. Animated by libidinal affordances which have breached all formal embankments, it thrives on a curious blend of scandalizing and moralizing overtones.
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Sciuto, Jenna Grace. Policing Intimacy. University Press of Mississippi, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496833440.001.0001.
Abstract:
Policing Intimacy analyzes literary depictions of sexual policing of the color line across multiple spaces with diverse colonial histories: Mississippi through William Faulkner’s work, Louisiana through Ernest Gaines’s novels, Haiti through the work of Marie Chauvet and Edwidge Danticat, and the Dominican Republic through writing by Julia Alvarez, Junot Díaz, and Nelly Rosario. This literature exposes the continuing coloniality that links depictions of U.S. democracy with Caribbean dictatorships in the twentieth century, revealing a set of interrelated features characterizing the transformation of colonial forms of racial and sexual control into neocolonial reconfigurations. Patterns are discernable, as a result of systemic inequality and large-scale historical events, revealing the ways in which private relations can reflect national occurrences and the intimate can be brought under public scrutiny. Acknowledging the widespread effects of racial and sexual policing that persist in current legal, economic, and political infrastructures across the circum-Caribbean can in turn bring to light permutations of resistance to the violent discriminations of the status quo. By drawing on colonial documents, such as early law systems like the 1685 French Code Noir instated in Haiti, the 1724 Code Noir in Louisiana, and the 1865 Black Code in Mississippi, in tandem with examples drawn from twentieth-century literature, Policing Intimacy humanizes the effects of legal histories and leaves space for local particularities. A focus on literary texts and the affordances enabled by the variances in form and aesthetics demonstrates the necessity of incorporating multiple stories, histories, and traumas into our accounts of the past.
Book chapters on the topic "Affordances multiples":
1
Leńko-Szymańska, Agnieszka, and Alex Boulton. "Introduction." In Multiple Affordances of Language Corpora for Data-driven Learning, 1–14. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/scl.69.01int.
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Flowerdew, Lynne. "Data-driven learning and language learning theories." In Multiple Affordances of Language Corpora for Data-driven Learning, 15–36. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/scl.69.02flo.
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Tribble, Christopher. "Teaching and language corpora." In Multiple Affordances of Language Corpora for Data-driven Learning, 37–62. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/scl.69.03tri.
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Aston, Guy. "Learning phraseology from speech corpora." In Multiple Affordances of Language Corpora for Data-driven Learning, 63–84. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/scl.69.04ast.
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Thomas, James. "Stealing a march on collocation." In Multiple Affordances of Language Corpora for Data-driven Learning, 85–108. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/scl.69.05tho.
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Chujo, Kiyomi, Kathryn Oghigian, and Shiro Akasegawa. "A corpus and grammatical browsing system for remedial EFL learners." In Multiple Affordances of Language Corpora for Data-driven Learning, 109–28. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/scl.69.06chu.
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Charles, Maggie. "Same task, different corpus." In Multiple Affordances of Language Corpora for Data-driven Learning, 129–54. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/scl.69.07cha.
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Babych, Svitlana. "Textual cohesion patterns for developing reading skills." In Multiple Affordances of Language Corpora for Data-driven Learning, 155–76. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/scl.69.08bab.
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Curado Fuentes, Alejandro. "Exploiting keywords in a DDL approach to the comprehension of news texts by lower-level students." In Multiple Affordances of Language Corpora for Data-driven Learning, 177–98. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/scl.69.09cur.
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Molés-Cases, Teresa, and Ulrike Oster. "Webquests in translator training." In Multiple Affordances of Language Corpora for Data-driven Learning, 199–224. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/scl.69.10mol.
Conference papers on the topic "Affordances multiples":
1
Maier, Jonathan R. A., Thulasiram Ezhilan, and Georges M. Fadel. "The Affordance Structure Matrix: A Concept Exploration and Attention Directing Tool for Affordance Based Design." In ASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2007-34526.
Abstract:
The theory of affordances has been adapted by the authors into a high-level approach to design known as affordance based design. One of the features that distinguishes the affordance based approach from function based approaches is that affordances are form dependent whereas functions are form independent. While delaying consideration of form can help maintain design freedom, considering the structure of multiple concept solutions early in the design process can preserve design freedom while allowing the designer to manipulate and refine concept structures and make prototypes early in the design process. In this paper we present a tool, the affordance-structure matrix, that aids the designer in mapping artifact structures to positive and negative affordances for the project. The affordance structure matrix can be used as an attention directing tool, focusing on the correlations within an individual concept architecture, or as a concept exploration tool, comparing the affordance-structure linkages across multiple concepts. The use of the affordance structure matrix is demonstrated using a case study examining two concept architectures for a household vacuum cleaner. The features of the affordance structure matrix are also contrasted with other existing matrix based tools for engineering design.
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Nguyen, Manh Tien, Georges M. Fadel, Paolo Guarneri, and Ivan Mata. "Genetic Algorithms Applied to Affordance Based Design." In ASME 2012 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2012-70332.
Abstract:
Affordance based design (ABD) theory has been presented in several papers and has interested several researchers in the field of design. One criticism of ABD is that the number of affordances identified can be very large, and therefore, the approach may not be amenable for automation. This paper presents a computer based implementation of a process to improve design using affordances. The Affordance Structure Matrix (ASM) design tool is used to identify relevant relationships between the design parameters of an artifact and the affordances (positive and negative) identified by the user. This initial work investigates multiple existing solutions. A user assigns values to critical affordances that are listed in an ASM by visualizing the possible solutions. The parameter values that describe the architecture of the artifact are encoded and fed to a computer code in addition to the multiple affordance values. A Genetic Algorithm is then used to find an optimal combination of design parameters based on the multiple criteria, the affordances, generating new and better concepts. The approach is applied to the redesign of a steering wheel. Multiple variants of steering wheels available in the literature are presented to the user. After twenty generations of the genetic algorithm, using an additive weighting method, an optimal solution is found and presented.
3
Maier, Jonathan R. A., and Georges M. Fadel. "Affordance-Based Methods for Design." In ASME 2003 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2003/dtm-48673.
Abstract:
In previous work, the authors have suggested that the concept of affordance, a term borrowed from the field of perceptual psychology, should be considered as more fundamental to design than other concepts such as function and behavior. This paper continues this avenue of research by presenting a generalized theory of affordances applicable to design. Then several affordance-based methods for design are presented with brief examples. Methods are introduced for designing Artifact-User Affordances, Artifact-Artifact Affordances, various kinds of graphical affordance structures, embodiment design, and reverse engineering. The affordance-based methods presented offer a very different way of thinking from what would be used in a purely functional approach. In particular, the affordance-based methods emphasize satisfaction of user demands and wishes (what the artifact should afford) while safeguarding at each step against introducing unwanted or dangerous features (what the artifact should not afford). The affordance-based methods also lend themselves to taking advantage of the multiple afffordances of various objects, to achieve naturally what is sometimes termed “functional integration”.
4
Kim, Y. S., M. K. Kim, S. W. Lee, C. S. Lee, C. H. Lee, and J. S. Lim. "Affordances in Interior Design: A Case Study of Affordances in Interior Design of Conference Room Using Enhanced Function and Task Interaction." In ASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2007-35864.
Abstract:
Interior design of space is somewhat different from product design in view of followings: the space should afford the multiple users at the same time and afford appropriate interactions with human and objects which exist inside the space. This paper presents a case study of interior design of a conference room based on affordance concept. We analyzed all of users’ tasks in a conference room based on the human activities that are divided into human-object and human-human interactions. Function decomposition of an every object in conference room was conducted. The concept of a high-level function is used such as “configure the space” to satisfy the given condition of the number of humans, the types of conference, and so forth. The Function-Task Interaction (FTI) method was enhanced to analyze the interactions between functions and user tasks. Many low-level affordances were extracted, and high-level affordances such as enter/exitability, prepare-ability, present-ability, discuss-ability and conclude-ability were also extracted by grouping low-level affordances in the enhanced FTI matrix. In addition, the benchmarking simulation was conducted for several existing conference rooms and the results confirmed that the extracted affordances can be used for checklist and also for good guidance on interior design process.
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Nakanishi, Yasuto. "Furnituroid: Shape-Changing Mobile Furniture Robot for Multiple and Dynamic Affordances." In 2022 17th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hri53351.2022.9889456.
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Wang, Jian-Gang, Prabhu Shankar Mahendran, and Eam-Khwang Teoh. "Deep affordance learning for single- and multiple-instance object detection." In TENCON 2017 - 2017 IEEE Region 10 Conference. IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tencon.2017.8227883.
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Grantham, Katie, Deborah Moore-Russo, and Kemper Lewis. "Comparing Physical and Cyber-Enhanced Dissection: An Analysis From Multiple Perspectives." In ASME 2010 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2010-28350.
Abstract:
Product dissection has evolved into a versatile pedagogical platform useful across the engineering curriculum. With the advent of digital, cyber, haptic, virtual, and immersive technologies, the opportunities to implement product dissection as an instructional tool increase dramatically. However, the effectiveness of cyber-enhanced dissection must be studied and the advantages and limitations of each type of platform must be understood in the context of achieving educational outcomes. In this paper, we first outline the history of dissection and carefully delineate the difference between physical, virtual, and cyber-enhanced dissection. We then study the impact of variations of cyber-enhanced (a blend of physical and virtual) dissection across two populations of sophomore engineering students at two universities using a number of exercises and data collection methods. We report on student perceptions regarding the affordances and disadvantages of physical vs. cyber-enhanced dissection. Students perceived the cyber-enhanced dissection exercises to be relevant to the students’ own professional preparation, to facilitate easier dissemination, to better align with emerging industrial practices, and to provide unique experiences not available in other courses the students had taken. Some potential drawbacks of cyber-enhanced dissection were also reported by students, including technology distracting them from the core educational objectives and overreliance on historical data of unknown origin. Although there are important tradeoffs between physical and cyber-enhanced dissection that need to be considered, using a blend of physical and virtual instructional tools may provide an effective platform to teach a wide range of engineering concepts across a curriculum.
8
Gao, Wei, Karthik Ramani, and Raymond J. Cipra. "Reconfigurable Foldable Spatial Mechanisms and Robotic Forms Inspired by Kinetogami." In ASME 2012 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2012-71403.
Abstract:
In recent times, Origami has received an increasing research interest because of its capability to produce foldable tessellations and structures. This paper describes a new modular tetrahedral representation called “Kinetogami”. We embed the cuts and joining patterns into the crease pattern and create folded hinges across basic structural units (BSU), typically not done in Origami. We demonstrate sets of explicit 2D fabrication lay-outs and construction rules in order to fold reconfigurable structures and mechanisms in 3D by using a single flat paper sheet. The structural and combinatorial characteristics of Kinetogamic derivatives are further explored in a hierarchical manner. Inspired by Kinetogami, we design a family of multi-limbed tetrahedral robotic form that reconfigures and adapts. The kinematic properties of individual limbs are investigated and multiple gaits involving flipping, squatting/rising, squirming and slithering are synthesized for a representative hexapod robot. Our newly developed folding design paradigm provides affordances for a novel generation of robotic motion actuation and transformable reconfiguration.
9
Karunanayaka, Shironica P. "Blending Innovative Pedagogy and Technology for Capacity Development of Educators During the Pandemic." In Tenth Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning. Commonwealth of Learning, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56059/pcf10.374.
Abstract:
The increased use of digital learning environments augments the adoption of open practices in education which contributes to SDG4. The COVID-19 pandemic has compelled an accelerated move towards technology-enhanced learning prompting educators to re-think and re-design learning environments grounded in innovative pedagogy and technology. In the current scenario it is imperative that educators are offered capacity development opportunities to meaningfully engage in digital and open practices. This paper presents a case study of an online capacity development intervention on OER-integrated technology-enhanced learning (TEL) material creation implemented with a group of educators studying for their master’s degree in teacher education. It focused on the design, development, implementation, and evaluation of OER-integrated TEL materials by the educators. The intervention comprised a carefully designed learning experience with intensive hands-on activities in the Moodle online learning environment, supplemented with a series of Zoom-based interactive workshops. Multiple data gathering occurred via questionnaires, discussion forums, reflective journals, and focus group interviews. The findings revealed that the systematic learning experience design which adopted a ‘learning by designing’ approach harnessing the affordances of both technology and pedagogy has empowered educators to become active creators of OER-integrated TEL materials and to take leadership in integrating digital and open practices into teaching-learning processes.
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Pourtalebi, Shahab, Imre Horváth, and Eliab Opiyo. "Multi-Aspect Study of Mass Customization in the Context of Cyber-Physical Consumer Durables." In ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2013-12311.
Abstract:
A multi-faceted concept of customizing products and services, mass customization (MC), extends to multiple levels and to wide and diverse approaches and aspects. Although there are many related literature, the principles and technologies of mass customization of cyber-physical systems (CPSs), and in particular cyber-physical consumer durables (CPCDs), have not received enough attention. Unique characteristics of CPCDs make them difficult to be customized by using conventional MC approaches. This paper reports on the conduct and the results of a critical survey towards an in depth understanding of existing MC approaches. As a first step, a comprehensive reasoning model was created, which identified methodology, product life cycle, actors, artifact, and affordances as orthonormal domains of knowledge related to MC. Then, a different classification of MC approaches has been developed in order to provide a better resolution for product life cycle and more explicitly definite MC approaches. The outcome of our survey and analysis shows that although conventional MC approaches offer many applicable principles, none of these approaches, individually, is able to fulfill all the requirements for MC of CPCDs — therefore a novel approach is needed. Development of a novel approach would entail reformulation of applicable principles and generation of new ones. The survey revealed that more focused research is needed to come up with appropriate MC principles that focus on specific families of CPCDs.