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Journal articles on the topic 'Affirmative action strategies'
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Boylan, Michael. "Affirmative Action: Strategies for the Future." Journal of Social Philosophy 33, no. 1 (February 2002): 117–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9833.00127.
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Brown, Robert D. "Affirmative action and professional associations: Useful strategies." New Directions for Student Services 1990, no. 52 (1990): 75–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ss.37119905209.
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Reddy, P. S., and R. B. G. Choudree. "Public Service Transformation and Affirmative Action Perspectives in South Africa." Public Personnel Management 25, no. 1 (March 1996): 25–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009102609602500103.
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Affirmative action is on the agenda in South Africa. It is generally accepted that the new constitution will include a bill of rights which will contain a clause ensuring equality of all persons. It is this clause which will outlaw discrimination and which will sanction affirmative action. However, it is probably that the bill of rights will have to be supplemented by legislation on discrimination, affirmative action and employment equity, which will determine, for example whether and how the Public Service (and the private sector) are compelled or permitted to implement affirmative action. While approaches and strategies to affirmative action vary considerably, there is general acceptance that it may be an effective mechanism of ensuring social justice in the public service. It can play a pivotal role in equalizing and democratizing public instirutions in South Africa.
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Tasgara, Asafa. "An Assessment of The Challenges on Implementation of Affirmative Action in Ethiopian Secondary Schools." EduLine: Journal of Education and Learning Innovation 1, no. 1 (March 24, 2021): 24–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.35877/454ri.eduline389.
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This study was conducted an assessment on the implementation of affirmative action in case of Ethiopian secondary schools. The general objective of this research was to assess implementation of affirmative action in case of Ethiopian secondary schools.The data were collect from respondent the data was analyzed and summarized using both qualitative and quantitative method.. The findings from this study confirm that attitudes, perceptions practices and procedures related to affirmative action in Ethiopian secondary schools provide indicators of the challenges at implementation. In other words, this study has helped to identify the possible barriers for the implementation of affirmative action which could serve as a basis for further research. Having drawn up the above mentioned findings and remarks: Awareness-raising and sensitization plays a pivotal role in understanding the principle underlying affirmative action policies and practices. The implementation phase involves designing various strategies of implementation to have an effect on the goals identified in the planning phase.
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Twale, Darla J., Costas J. Douvanis, and Francis J. Sekula. "Affirmative action strategies and professional schools: case illustrations of examplary programs." Higher Education 24, no. 2 (September 1992): 177–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00129440.
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Wink, Georg. "“Looking for more Brazilian solutions”: Rhetorical Strategies against Ethnic Quotas in Brazilian Higher Education." Brasiliana: Journal for Brazilian Studies 6, no. 2 (October 13, 2018): 3–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.25160/bjbs.v6i2.97048.
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Since the 1990s, Brazil has experienced a growing public debate about policies of ethnic affirmative action. The arguments invoked by the opponents of affirmative action quotas, expressed in scientific publications, the mass media and even manifestos, have been the subject of study in several research projects. In their analyses, these scholars have concluded that the the anti-quota arguments suffered from logical inconsistency, theoretical and methodological flaws or simple lack of empirical evidence. However, anti-quota rhetoric appears to persist seemingly unaffected by academic counter-arguments, if not in the academic debate, at least in public opinion. This paper argues that the persuasive power of anti-quota arguments derives from the strategic use of specific rhetorical strategies, based on time-proven classical speech imagery that foreground evidence and logic even where speculation and heuristics are the actual foundation. Using methods of Critical Discourse Analysis I will analyze a representative corpus of prominent public discourses against ethnic affirmative action quotas in order to demonstrate how rhetorical strategies are deployed in these texts, showing how they broadly mirror the proposition of a “Rhetoric of Reaction” (Hirschman 1991). These rhetorics, I argue, draw heavily on the myth of “racial democracy” combined with a long-standing national master-narrative of Brazilian exceptionalism, the combination of which masks racial animosity and defers policy action to support ethnic minorities.
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Bell, Christine, Angela Hegarty, and Stephen Livingstone. "The Enduring Controversy: Developments in Affirmative Action Law in North America." International Journal of Discrimination and the Law 1, no. 3 (March 1996): 233–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/135822919600100303.
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This article seeks to examine the current state of the law on affirmative action in the United States and Canada. Drawing upon developments at both a statutory and constitutional level it considers to what extent the law permits or requires measures to alter the composition of institutions to make them more representative in terms of race or gender. Its primary focus is on employment. It argues that constitutional provisions and judicial interpretation in Canada has been more sympathetic to affirmative action measures, especially in the past decade. After surveying the early development of affirmative action law in the United States it focuses on recent developments, notably the Civil Rights Act of 1991 and recent Supreme Court decisions such as the Adarand v Pena case, to examine the extent to which the scope for affirmative action measures has been reduced. In Canada the article considers both Charter equality jurisprudence and statutory developments such as the Employment Equity Act of 1986. The article concludes by observing that the position remains complex but that there is scope for affirmative action measures in both jurisdictions, perhaps more so in Canada where such measures do not require a backward looking, compensatory rationale. It also suggests that such measures may now have become well established in the human resources strategies of large corporations in both jurisdictions, rendering their disappearance unlikely.
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Lazo González, Denisse M. "Women’s political equality: theoretical approaches to affirmative action." Revista Temas Sociológicos, no. 15 (May 20, 2015): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.29344/07194145.15.272.
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Nivel: ComunicadoFecha de recepción: 20 de julio de 2011Fecha de aprobación: 12 de agosto de 2011AbstractThe following essay presents an overview of theoretically based issues around the debate on women’s political representation and participation, having as a central strand the appropriateness of affirmative action strategies. It is built from the justifications that support the need for better ways of representing disadvantaged groups in general and women in particular as a requirement for democracy and social justice. The essay debates affirmative action and some false assumptions around it, arguing for gender quotas as the strongest mechanism to achieve a definite inclusion of women into politics.Key words: Gender Politics, Affirmative Action, Representation.ResumenEl siguiente ensayo presenta una mirada a algunos de los enfoques teóricos que dictan el debate de la participación y representación política de las mujeres, teniendo como hilo conductor la pertinencia de las estrategias de acción afirmativa. Se desarrolla a partir de los razonamientos que apoyan la necesidad de contar con mejores métodos de representación de grupos en desventaja en general y de las mujeres en particular como requerimiento para la democracia y la justicia social. El ensayo debate sobre la acción afirmativa y algunos de los supuestos que rodean este concepto y presenta a las cuotas de género como el mecanismo más fuerte para alcanzar una inclusión permanente de las mujeres en la política.Palabras Claves: Género y Política, Acción Afirmativa, Representación.
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Lazo González, Denisse M. "Women’s political equality: theoretical approaches to affirmative action." Revista Temas Sociológicos, no. 15 (May 20, 2015): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.29344/07196458.15.272.
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Nivel: ComunicadoFecha de recepción: 20 de julio de 2011Fecha de aprobación: 12 de agosto de 2011AbstractThe following essay presents an overview of theoretically based issues around the debate on women’s political representation and participation, having as a central strand the appropriateness of affirmative action strategies. It is built from the justifications that support the need for better ways of representing disadvantaged groups in general and women in particular as a requirement for democracy and social justice. The essay debates affirmative action and some false assumptions around it, arguing for gender quotas as the strongest mechanism to achieve a definite inclusion of women into politics.Key words: Gender Politics, Affirmative Action, Representation.ResumenEl siguiente ensayo presenta una mirada a algunos de los enfoques teóricos que dictan el debate de la participación y representación política de las mujeres, teniendo como hilo conductor la pertinencia de las estrategias de acción afirmativa. Se desarrolla a partir de los razonamientos que apoyan la necesidad de contar con mejores métodos de representación de grupos en desventaja en general y de las mujeres en particular como requerimiento para la democracia y la justicia social. El ensayo debate sobre la acción afirmativa y algunos de los supuestos que rodean este concepto y presenta a las cuotas de género como el mecanismo más fuerte para alcanzar una inclusión permanente de las mujeres en la política.Palabras Claves: Género y Política, Acción Afirmativa, Representación.
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Sylvia, R. D., and P. J. Haas. "Affirmative action in municipal government: Political, structural and demographic determinants of alternative strategies." Social Science Journal 35, no. 4 (December 1, 1998): 615–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0362-3319(98)90030-1.
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Kyamureku, Peace T. "Uganda: Hope Amidst Obstacles." Issue: A Journal of Opinion 25, no. 2 (1997): 20–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047160700502650.
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The adoption of the Nairobi Forward Looking Strategies at the Third World Conference on Women in 1985 provided a framework for action at all levels, to promote peace, equality and development opportunities for women, particularly those in the developing countries. Since then, these strategies have served as a basis for evaluating the actions of government and non-government organisations (NGOs) towards empowering women. In some respects, Uganda can be looked upon as a model African country where women have made remarkable progress. Women constitute more than half of the national population. Of the total population of about 19 million in 1996, 10 million were female, over 4 million who are over 18 years and eligible to vote. Uganda’s Affirmative Action policy has provided women with significant opportunity to participate in both the parliament and other decision making bodies.
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Sabbagh, Daniel. "The Rise of Indirect Affirmative Action: Converging Strategies for Promoting “Diversity” in Selective Institutions of Higher Education in the United States and France." World Politics 63, no. 3 (July 2011): 470–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043887111000128.
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A growing trend in the comparative politics literature on patterns of minority incorporation emphasizes the emerging policy convergence in this area, conventional oppositions between national models notwithstanding. This convergence is further illustrated by drawing upon the cases of two countries often analyzed within an “exceptionalist” framework and generally viewed as polar opposites as far as the political legitimacy and legal validity of race-based classifications are concerned: the United States and France. The analysis of recent programs designed to increase the “diversity” of the student body in selective institutions of higher education demonstrates that indirect affirmative action is the instrument around which French and U.S. policies have tended to converge. This increasingly visible convergence obtains in part because of the current move toward color-blindness as a matter of law in the United States. Yet it is also a reflection of the fact that the ultimate purpose of affirmative action in liberal democracies requires a measure of indirection and/or implicitness.
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Michelutti, Lucia, and Oliver Heath. "The politics of entitlement." Focaal 2013, no. 65 (March 1, 2013): 56–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/fcl.2013.650106.
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This article focuses on the struggles and shifting political strategies of two major political players in northern India: the Yadavs (a low-to-middle ranking pastoral agricultural caste) and the dalits (former untouchables, which in the region mainly come from the Chamar caste) and their political parties, the Samaj wadi Party and the Bahujan Samaj Party, respectively. Both communities (and political parties) have strongly benefited from affirmative action policies over the last three decades. We argue that that these affirmative action policies, and the political rhetoric that has tended to accompany them, have been “vernacularized“ in local sociocultural structures, which in turn has helped to produce folk theories of democracy and social justice that are directly and indirectly legitimizing conflict, and producing new forms of caste-based strategic voting, based on the principle that the enemy of my enemy is my friend.
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Tougas, Francine, and France Veilleux. "The response of men to affirmative action strategies for women: The study of a predictive model." Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science / Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement 22, no. 4 (October 1990): 424–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0078946.
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Lagziel, David, and Ehud Lehrer. "A Bias of Screening." American Economic Review: Insights 1, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 343–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aeri.20180578.
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This paper deals with the issue of screening. It focuses on a decision maker who, based on noisy unbiased assessments, screens elements from a general set. Our analysis shows that stricter screening not only reduces the number of accepted elements, but possibly reduces their average expected value. We provide a characterization for optimal threshold strategies for screening and also derive implications to cases where such screening strategies are suboptimal. We further provide various applications of our results to credit ratings, auctions, general trade, the Peter Principle, and affirmative action. (JEL C38, D44, F10, G24, J15)
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Diaz, Estela B., and Jennifer Lee. "Cultural Heterogeneity and the Diverse Success Frames of Second-Generation Mexicans." Social Sciences 9, no. 12 (November 26, 2020): 216. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci9120216.
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Mexican Americans are the largest immigrant and second-generation group in the country. Their sheer size coupled with their low educational attainment have generated concerns that, unlike Asian groups like Chinese Americans, Mexican Americans do not value education—a claim wielded by opponents of affirmative action. Drawing on analyses of the Immigration and Intergenerational Mobility in Metropolitan Los Angeles study, we challenge two underlying presumptions of this claim: the children of Mexican immigrants are less successful than the children of Chinese immigrants; and they are less committed to success. Centering our analyses on the hypo-selectivity of U.S. Mexican immigration, we maintain that how we measure success determines which group is more successful. Moreover, we show that second-generation Mexicans adopt diverse success frames that stem from cultural heterogeneity. Consequently, they pursue variegated strategies of action that include class-specific ethnic resources in their quest for success. Despite their remarkable intergenerational gains, the racialization of low achievement and the mark of a criminal record can be a death knell for mobility for the children of Mexican immigrants. Our research provides fruitful context to inform the current debate about affirmative action.
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Sarap, Kailash. "Erosion of Access to Resource, Poverty and Public Action in the Tribal Belt of Central India." Sociological Bulletin 66, no. 1 (April 2017): 22–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0038022916687061.
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The tribal communities, especially in the central belt of India, are characterised by declining access to land and other resources due to land alienation and increased diversion of forest and other common property resources (CPR) for development projects. As a result, a disproportionately high percentage of the tribal population has been displaced from its traditional pattern of livelihood without proper rehabilitation. Further, lack of human capital and bargaining power and feeble state action have led to the erosion of their livelihood base. Therefore, the need of the hour is to increase their bargaining power with different stakeholders through innovative educational strategies and other affirmative actions taken by government and civil society activists to determine their right to resources and restore their dignity and sense of identity.
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Shepherd, Stephane M. "Why Diversity May Not Mend Adversity — An Australian Commentary on Multicultural Affirmative Action Strategies in Law Enforcement." Current Issues in Criminal Justice 26, no. 2 (November 2014): 241–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10345329.2014.12036017.
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Pearce, Kenneth L. "Are We Free to Break the Laws of Providence?" Faith and Philosophy 37, no. 2 (April 1, 2020): 158–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.37977/faithphil.2020.37.2.2.
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Can I be free to perform an action if God has decided to ensure that I do not choose that action? I show that Molinists and simple foreknowledge theorists are committed to answering in the affirmative. This is problematic for their status as theological incompatibilists. I suggest that strategies for preserving their theological incompatibilism in light of this result should be based on sourcehood. However, the path is not easy here either, since Leibniz has shown how theological determinists can offer an extremely robust form of sourcehood. Proponents of these views must identify a valuable form of sourcehood their theories allow that Leibniz’s theory doesn’t.
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Booth, Walter S., and Charles A. Rohe. "Recruiting for Women and Minorities in the Fire Service: Solutions for Today's Challenges." Public Personnel Management 17, no. 1 (March 1988): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009102608801700106.
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This article presents solutions to recruitment problems centering on women and minorities for jobs which have traditionally been dominated by white males. Through the use of a questionnaire sent to over 100 large municipalities across the United States, we were able to discover which recruitment techniques worked, and which ones failed. In addition to making recommendations regarding recruitment strategies, ideas are offered which should aid in eliminating some of the artificial barriers which have traditionally hampered affirmative action progress in the fire service.
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Ramirex, Genevieve M., and Rebecca J. Evans. "SOLVING THE PROBATION PUZZLE." NACADA Journal 8, no. 2 (September 1, 1988): 34–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.12930/0271-9517-8.2.34.
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As part of the campus concern with retention, California State University at Long Beach developed several intervention strategies to work with students on academic probation. The Student Affirmative Action Program designed their program components based on an identification of key factors contributing to academic difficulties. Findings suggest that students who participated in this mandatory, long-term, comprehensive program made far more significant and steady progress compared with control populations who utilized other services or who did not participate in any campus program.
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Brimmer, Andrew F., and Eddie N. Williams. "Trends, Prospects, and Strategies for Black Economic Progress." Review of Black Political Economy 14, no. 4 (March 1986): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02903794.
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As we approach the closing years of the 1980s, it is clear that, for better or worse, the focus of the struggle for black equality is shifting from traditional civil rights issues to economic development. And although people often debate how best to remedy some of the black community's most persistent economic problems (for example, high unemployment and the narrowing, but still wide, income gap between blacks and whites), few people have attempted a dispassionate analysis of the broad scope of public and private economic options facing blacks. Too often, the debate is polarized by arguments either for increasing governmental assistance or for almost totally eliminating it. In this article, noted economist Andrew Brimmer strikes a much-needed balance. First, he scrutinizes the trends for blacks (and whites) regarding income and participation in the labor market. Then, instead of painting a picture in pure black and white, he suggests a blending of strategies, some calling for less reliance on the federal government, others requiring a strengthening of the nation s wavering commitment to affirmative action.
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Gupta, Amit, and Pushpendra Priyadarshi. "When affirmative action is not enough: challenges in career development of persons with disability." Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal 39, no. 6 (April 10, 2020): 617–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/edi-05-2019-0146.
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PurposeThere is dearth of research pertaining to how persons with disability (PWDs) view their career and the issues they face in career development; past studies highlight either the organizational initiatives or individual factors in this regard. The present study bridges this gap by studying the PWDs' experiences and perceptions on challenges in their career development.Design/methodology/approachAn exploratory study through interview of professionally qualified PWDs in India, who have a permanent employment.FindingsPWDs experience that affirmative action has a negative fallout as it leads to positive discrimination and hence, adversely affects their confidence and development.Research limitations/implicationsThe present study throws up new themes in the organizational climate that the PWDs face in career development, future studies can understand the aspirations of PWDs toward career and focus on the how the PWDs engage in shaping their career. Researchers can explore strategies that PWDs plan/adopt in creating a sustainable career for themselves. Scholars can also map the issues raised by PWDs with the career outcomes.Social implicationsThe Rights of Persons with Disability Act, 2016, of Government of India introduces a social model of disability in India. This paper deploys the social model of disability to enhance our understanding of the disability climate in India from a new lens.Originality/valueThis study introduces new themes that depict the environmental factors and are related to the organizational climate rather than self-focused issues of PWDs. The paper introduces two new subjective criteria, voiced by PWDs, for career development – a well-crafted capability-based career path and role of inspirational platforms. It introduces hitherto undiscovered issues toward career development, faced by PWDs who have a secure employment and a professional career. This is the first exclusive study of PWDs employed in public sector and thus, brings uniqueness in the context.
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Rupia, Clara. "Challenges and Prospects in Tanzanian Higher Education." Makerere Journal of Higher Education 9, no. 2 (August 30, 2017): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/majohe.v9i2.4.
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This short paper briefly discusses some of the challenges facing higher education in Tanzania and the panaceas that government and other institutions are implementing to address the challenges. The paper uses secondary data obtained from the country’s Ministry of Education and Vocation Training and from selected higher education institutions in the country. The challenges are identified as occurring mainly in the areas of funding, quality assurance, relevance, ICT, equity and internationalization. The following strategies for addressing these challenges are reported: matching rising enrolments with public facility enhancement; encouraging the establishment of private universities; cost-sharing; affirmative action; and distance education.
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Kitano, Margie K. "Gifted African American Women." Journal for the Education of the Gifted 21, no. 3 (April 1998): 254–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016235329802100302.
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This article describes factors affecting the life-span achievement of IS highly accomplished African American women from a national retrospective study of gifted women from diverse ethnic backgrounds. Participants were nominated as gifted by national professional organizations in their respective fields. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews of the women and telephone questionnaires administered to “parent” informants. Participants perceived that civil-rights and affirmative-action policies opened doors if they were already qualified. Interpreted within a cultural-ecological framework, findings suggested that cultural strengths plus their high ability enabled simultaneous acknowledgment of the effects of racism, sexism, and other hardships and application of positive coping strategies that are derived from these strengths.
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Na, Woon Hwan. "Performance Analysis and Strategies for Improvement of the Preferential Procurement of Products Manufactured by Persons with Significant Disabilities in Affirmative Action." Korean Society for Rehabilitation of Persons with Disabilities 18, no. 3 (September 30, 2014): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.16884/jrr.2014.18.3.1.
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Castle, Jane. "Strategies Against Oppression: a case study of the background, upbringing and education of black managers in affirmative action programmes in South Africa." British Journal of Sociology of Education 17, no. 4 (December 1996): 389–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0142569960170401.
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Buys, Andrew. "In Pursuit of Women’s Representation: A Pragmatic Approach to Improving Women’s Representation in Canadian Politics." Agora: Political Science Undergraduate Journal 2, no. 2 (May 13, 2012): 197–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/agora17245.
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This essay addresses the democratic deficit in women's representation in Canadian politics that hinders the access of all citizens in Canada to free, equal, and meaningful opportunities to engage in all levels of political affairs. In doing so, a number of socio-cultural and structural barriers to women's participation in federal politics are identified. In turn, strategies to overcome these barriers are presented while making effort to tackle the conditions underlying women’s misrepresentation, as opposed to promoting explicitly compulsory solutions such as affirmative action legislation. The purpose of my research is to guide Canadian policy structures and social standards toward a new paradigm in Canadian politics where women are liberated from having to face the tension between the implications of their status as the 'other' and their desire to meaningfully contribute to the political affairs of the Canadian state.
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Jamil, Rossilah, and Sarida Saidin. "Employment of Persons with Disabilities (PWDs) in Malaysia: Moving Policy Rhetoric into Action." Asian Journal of Management Cases 15, no. 2_suppl (November 2018): S1—S16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0972820118804967.
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The case portrays a macro-view of human resource management (HRM) at the national policy level. The case is imbued with concepts to promote responsible HRM, social and workplace inclusion of marginal groups. Set against a canvas of general rights and challenges of persons with disabilities (PWDs), the case showcases the Malaysian government’s initiatives spearheaded by the Social Welfare Department (JKM) to boost PWD employment in its public service. The case revolves around the case protagonist, Aleeya Tan, the head of assistant director of the division of PWD career development in JKM. Relatively inexperienced in PWD employment, Aleeya was tasked to oversee the progress of an affirmative policy on PWD employment that required every public department to employ at least 1 per cent PWDs in their workforce. The catch—the policy remained rhetoric even three decades after it was passed. Following Malaysia’s recent economic blueprint, the policy was once again resurrected and put under public scrutiny. The case describes personal, institutional, structural, legal and social problems faced by the protagonist to outline strategies to meet the policy overdue target. The case is suitable for postgraduate courses in HRM and/or Employment Policy in Masters in Business Administration. Case learners will acquire conceptual knowledge on the subject, problem-solving skills and develop positive values towards the PWD community.
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More, Ellen. "Women Scientists in America: Struggles and Strategies to 1940, and: Women Scientists in America: Before Affirmative Action, 1940-1972 (review)." Bulletin of the History of Medicine 74, no. 1 (2000): 203–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2000.0031.
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Singerman, Diane. "Liberation Meets the State." International Journal of Middle East Studies 43, no. 3 (July 26, 2011): 388–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743811000493.
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Watching the uprisings unfold in the Middle East, as well as the opposition to them, leads me to appreciate the insights of social movement theory, which suggests that heterogeneous forces can unite in coalitions around super targets when political opportunities suddenly and serendipitously emerge. In this historic moment of change and resistance, will we see the unfolding institutional transformation of the state as it responds to a more participatory ethos, or will former regime stalwarts reconstitute themselves? Elected officials and new governance strategies will still confront serious distributional and economic challenges as states remain enmeshed in neoliberal policies. Political scientists are already studying constitutional change and debates about electoral design, party construction, and other institutional changes to democratize the polity, but we should also look to different transition models that seek to redress deep structural inequalities following decades of repression and rent seeking. Should principles of political or economic affirmative action be incorporated into new institutional designs of transitology?
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Schmader, Toni, and William M. Hall. "Stereotype Threat in School and at Work." Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences 1, no. 1 (October 2014): 30–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2372732214548861.
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In any diverse society, public policy can help to provide equal access to opportunities for achieving one’s potential in school and work. However, even as policies in the United States have sought to eradicate institutionalized discrimination on the basis of race or sex, women and minorities continue to underperform academically and are systematically underrepresented in the highest earning occupations. Social psychological research suggests that negative stereotypes about women and minorities can create subtle barriers to success through stereotype threat. This occurs when individuals become concerned that they might confirm a negative stereotype about their group. This article outlines current research on the processes that underlie stereotype threat and how this work informs effective policies to reduce its effects. Using an evidence-based analysis, we review the risks and the benefits of four policies to narrow gender and racial gaps in academic and workplace performance: affirmative action, diversity training, creating identity-safe environments, and teaching coping strategies. Policies informed by social psychological theory and research can help recover the lost human potential due to stereotype threat without disadvantaging or cuing backlash among the majority.
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Mwambu, Brian, Prof Elishiba Kimani, and Dr Lucy Maina. "ENHANCING THE PARTICIPATION OF MEN AND WOMEN IN THE MANAGEMENT OF WATER RESOURCES AT THE BRIDGE WATER SUPPLY PROJECT IN KAKAMEGA COUNTY, KENYA." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN HUMANITIES 4, no. 1 (December 25, 2015): 332–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jah.v3i2.5147.
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affects livelihoods, health and the fulfillment of basic needs of women and men. Women and men as the users of water resources need to be involved in the management of water resource. This can effectively be done with proper strategies to mainstream gender in all the management undertaking at the community level. This study sought to investigate on the participation of men and women and strategies to enhance gender mainstreaming in the management of water resources at the Bridge Water Project which had drilled 123 boreholes for use in households, learning and religious institutions in Kakamega County. The study was a case study guided by the equity theory developed by John Stacy Adams in 1963. 10% samples of 13 out of the 123 committees that manage the boreholes were randomly selected as respondents to the study. They include 5 household committees, 6 learning and 2 committees from religious institutions. Key informants were heads of selected institutions and the chief of the location where the study was undertaken. The instruments used to collect data were Questionnaires, Focused Group Discussion, Interview Schedule and Observation. Data collected was cross-tabulated for qualitative analysis. The study established that women were discriminated against in terms of participation in management committees despite the fact that they were the main water users. On the basis of strategies, the study identified training and awareness creation on the need for gender equity, dissemination of the affirmative action policy, empowerment and mobilization of women to seek management positions and engagement of a gender expert to guide gender mainstreaming in the management of the project as strategies to enhance gender mainstreaming in the management of the Bridge Water Supply Project.
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AXELBY, RICHARD. "The Teacher, the Activist, and the Maulvi: Emancipatory visions and insurgent citizenship among Gujjars in Himachal Pradesh." Modern Asian Studies 54, no. 3 (September 10, 2019): 868–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x18000471.
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AbstractExploring the intersection of state, religion, and ethnicity, this article considers the opportunities for individual and collective advancement available to Muslim Gujjars in Chamba district of Himachal Pradesh. Following the lives of three prominent members of the community—a teacher, a political activist, and a maulvi—it considers their respective orientations to the state and their relationships with their fellow Gujjars, to illustrate the different ways in which Gujjars have sought to transcend their marginal and subordinated position as an ethnic and religious minority. With state-promoted schemes of affirmative action and reservation offering only limited opportunities for social and economic advancement, we see how Gujjars have responded to their continued marginalization, first through political mobilization as an ethnic group and, more recently, through the establishment of Islamic educational institutions and association with Tablighi Jama'at. This leads to an evaluation of the emancipatory potentials and contradictions of insurgent citizenship when mobilized around specific aspects of ethnic and religious identity. Against a backdrop of economic liberalization and accompanying shifts in civil society, I show how the distribution of rewards that derive from strategies of assimilation, engagement, and withdrawal are structured in particular ways, including by class and gender.
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Masitoh, Dewi. "Faktor Kemenangan Partai Barisan Nasional Malaysia dalam Pemilu Selama 60 Tahun (1957-2018)." PERSPEKTIF 9, no. 2 (May 9, 2020): 296–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.31289/perspektif.v9i2.3559.
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This research aims to analyze the National Front Party’s (Barisan Nasional) strategies in carrying out their function as a political party in Malaysia. The problem focused on this paper is the victory factors of the Malaysian National Front Party in the Election for 60 years. To approach this problem, the theoretical framework will be used in this paper from Prof. Miriam Budiardjo’s concept, that the concept of a political party. The concept of political party is a tools and instruments for the people to participate and contribute in managing a country. Data from this paper has collected through secondary data and literature review and analyzed qualitatively. This research concluded that there were several factors that led to the National Front always winning in the election for 60 years, they are: First, the polarization and fragmentation politics in Malaysia, it’s called by Bumiputera policy, income gap and the Chinese Tsunami. Second, the influence of the New Economic Policy (NEP) as an affirmative action effort and there is a mix and match policy. Third, Gerrymandering and delineation in the form of an electoral system that is designed, so that the National Front always wins. Fourth, the instability and weakness of the Pakatan Rakyat as coalition opposition party.
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Goslin, Anneliese. "Human Resource Management as a Fundamental Aspect of a Sport Development Strategy in South African Communities." Journal of Sport Management 10, no. 2 (April 1996): 207–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsm.10.2.207.
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South African society is a complex mix of first- and third-world components. Urgent socio-economic and political problems must be addressed to avoid chaos. Sport may be a key factor in bringing about change. Sport training strategies should form an integral part of affirmative action and sport development programs in South Africa. The overall aim of this research was to develop a structured scientific approach to the training and development of human resources in South African sport. The research was conducted in four phases over a 2-year period. The aims of the respective phases were to determine the current standard and scope of sport management in black developing townships, to compile a profile of competencies and training needs of sport managers, to develop an in-service training model for the aforementioned sport managers, and to design a comprehensive sport development strategy for South African sport. Research methodologies included questionnaires on general and functional managerial variables and training needs, content analysis of job descriptions, and personal interviews. Results revealed an insufficient standard of sport management in developing townships. A competency-based training and development model was proposed and positioned in an overall strategy for sport development in South Africa.
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Silva Laya, Marisol. "Equidad en la educación superior en México: la necesidad de un nuevo concepto y nuevas políticas." education policy analysis archives 20 (February 10, 2012): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.14507/epaa.v20n4.2012.
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This article analyzes equity in Mexican higher education. It suggests a new conceptualization in educational equity based on a social justice definition that includes: effective access, compensation of inequalities, assuring permanence, and the achievement of meaningful results. Based on this framework, there is a warning that despite policies aimed at democratizing this public good, the education system still excludes thousands of young people from poor areas, and so many others are inadequately attended. The Mexican State has failed to ensure equal access for young people coming from disadvantaged areas and who have a different socio-economic and cultural background. In this light the meritocratic approach is questioned as a fair measure of distribution and advocates for the implementation of compensatory programs and affirmative action. In terms of school permanency, it is mentioned that the strategies and institutions addressed to the population that was excluded, do not always fulfill the basic quality requirements –infrastructure, teachers, libraries, technology, and must of all, relevant teaching practices. All this is deemed important in order to respond to the particular needs associated with youth’s low cultural capital in vulnerable areas. A way to overcome these problems is to generate equity policies that can guarantee a fair distribution of higher education that takes into account the disadvantages of large segments of young people so that their needs are addressed adequately.
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Brynard, P., and E. Van Rooyen. "Die strategiese bestuur van regstellende aksie in plaaslike regering in Suid Afrika." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 1, no. 3 (September 30, 1998): 390–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v1i3.2553.
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The South African Government regards affirmative action as an important method to rectify the discriminatory career practices followed against Blacks, Coloureds, Indians and women under the previous political dispensation. Legislation and policy that provide for affirmative action in institutions have been formulated and are considered in this paper. After normative and empirical research, it is concluded that it is possible to develop strategic affirmative action programmes in local government institutions and that affirmative action can be managed in terms of a strategic process in local government. It is further concluded that managers in local governments playa key role in the successful implementation of strategic affirmative action programmes
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Wild, Markus, Jintawee Kicuntod, Lisa Seyler, Christina Wangen, Luca D. Bertzbach, Andelé M. Conradie, Benedikt B. Kaufer, et al. "Combinatorial Drug Treatments Reveal Promising Anticytomegaloviral Profiles for Clinically Relevant Pharmaceutical Kinase Inhibitors (PKIs)." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 2 (January 8, 2021): 575. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22020575.
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Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a human pathogenic herpesvirus associated with a variety of clinical symptoms. Current antiviral therapy is not always effective, so that improved drug classes and drug-targeting strategies are needed. Particularly host-directed antivirals, including pharmaceutical kinase inhibitors (PKIs), may help to overcome problems of drug resistance. Here, we focused on utilizing a selection of clinically relevant PKIs and determined their anticytomegaloviral efficacies. Particularly, PKIs directed to host or viral cyclin-dependent kinases, i.e., abemaciclib, LDC4297 and maribavir, exerted promising profiles against human and murine cytomegaloviruses. The anti-HCMV in vitro activity of the approved anti-cancer drug abemaciclib was confirmed in vivo using our luciferase-based murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) animal model in immunocompetent mice. To assess drug combinations, we applied the Bliss independence checkerboard and Loewe additivity fixed-dose assays in parallel. Results revealed that (i) both affirmative approaches provided valuable information on anti-CMV drug efficacies and interactions, (ii) the analyzed combinations comprised additive, synergistic or antagonistic drug interactions consistent with the drugs’ antiviral mode-of-action, (iii) the selected PKIs, especially LDC4297, showed promising inhibitory profiles, not only against HCMV but also other α-, β- and γ-herpesviruses, and specifically, (iv) the combination treatment with LDC4297 and maribavir revealed a strong synergism against HCMV, which might open doors towards novel clinical options in the near future. Taken together, this study highlights the potential of therapeutic drug combinations of current developmental/preclinical PKIs.
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Wild, Markus, Jintawee Kicuntod, Lisa Seyler, Christina Wangen, Luca D. Bertzbach, Andelé M. Conradie, Benedikt B. Kaufer, et al. "Combinatorial Drug Treatments Reveal Promising Anticytomegaloviral Profiles for Clinically Relevant Pharmaceutical Kinase Inhibitors (PKIs)." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 2 (January 8, 2021): 575. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22020575.
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Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a human pathogenic herpesvirus associated with a variety of clinical symptoms. Current antiviral therapy is not always effective, so that improved drug classes and drug-targeting strategies are needed. Particularly host-directed antivirals, including pharmaceutical kinase inhibitors (PKIs), may help to overcome problems of drug resistance. Here, we focused on utilizing a selection of clinically relevant PKIs and determined their anticytomegaloviral efficacies. Particularly, PKIs directed to host or viral cyclin-dependent kinases, i.e., abemaciclib, LDC4297 and maribavir, exerted promising profiles against human and murine cytomegaloviruses. The anti-HCMV in vitro activity of the approved anti-cancer drug abemaciclib was confirmed in vivo using our luciferase-based murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) animal model in immunocompetent mice. To assess drug combinations, we applied the Bliss independence checkerboard and Loewe additivity fixed-dose assays in parallel. Results revealed that (i) both affirmative approaches provided valuable information on anti-CMV drug efficacies and interactions, (ii) the analyzed combinations comprised additive, synergistic or antagonistic drug interactions consistent with the drugs’ antiviral mode-of-action, (iii) the selected PKIs, especially LDC4297, showed promising inhibitory profiles, not only against HCMV but also other α-, β- and γ-herpesviruses, and specifically, (iv) the combination treatment with LDC4297 and maribavir revealed a strong synergism against HCMV, which might open doors towards novel clinical options in the near future. Taken together, this study highlights the potential of therapeutic drug combinations of current developmental/preclinical PKIs.
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Sakharuk, I. "LEGAL WAYS FOR OVERCOMING GENDER DISPROPORTIONS IN THE UKRAINIAN LABOR MARKET." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Legal Studies, no. 108 (2019): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2195/2019/1.108-6.
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The article deals with the problems of improvement and implementation legislation for gender equality in Ukraine. Have been analysed the main manifestations of discrimination against women in labor market: vertical and horizontal occupational segregation; gender wage differentials; difficulties associated with the combination of work and family responsibilities; the overwhelming predominance of women in the field of part-time, informal, temporary employment; sexual harassment. The issues of gender segregation, gender pay gap, gender equality for work-life balance in the context of foreign and national experience have been explore. The author have been determine the tendencies of improving the labor legislation in foreign countries for introducing the principle of equality between men and women. Gender mainstreaming strategies and programs in G20 countries were summarized. The author draw attention to the nonefficiency of State Social Program for Equal Rights and Opportunities for Women and Men for the period up to 2021, was made the proposals for its improvement. The study finds that there is the issue of equality opportunities between men and women in representation authorities at different levels in Ukraine (on the example of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine and the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine). Approaches to gender quotas in foreign countries have been analyzed. The author used the statistics on employment, entrepreneurship and remuneration to show inequality on the labor martet in Ukraine. The author have also identified that the national legislation, which establishes special guarantees and restrictions on women's work, will have to be improve in the context of a substantive model of equality. Have been suggested the ways of overcoming gender discrimination in the workplace by a policy of affirmative action
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Akuma, Joseph Misati. "Social Protection for Orphaned and Vulnerable Children in Kenya: Initiatives, Opportunities and Challenges." European Journal of Social Sciences Education and Research 2, no. 1 (December 30, 2014): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejser.v2i1.p235-241.
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HIV/AIDS, conflicts and other crises have swelled the number of OVC's in sub - Saharan Africa, thereby threatening the realization of the Millennium Development Goals in the areas of Education, Health, Nutrition, and Poverty reduction. In Kenya, Social Protection is explicitly prioritized in Vision 2030, the newly promulgated Constitution of Kenya 2010 and in the National Affirmative Action Policies. Between 2005 and 2010, expenditure on Social Protection rose from Ksh. 33.4 billion to Ksh57.1 billion, which is equivalent to 2.28 per cent GDP.The above notwithstanding, discourse analysis involving a critical review of existing literature indicates that Poverty and vulnerability remain high in the country. Hence, clearly, there exists knowledge gaps on the response to the OVC situation, and in Particular, the impact of the various Policies and strategies aimed at interventions for the welfare of OVC's in the country. This paper attempts to synthesize current knowledge on the models and practice of policies targeting OVC's in Kenya with a view to bringing out discontinuities in order to inform future initiatives, especially those emerging from the framework of the newly promulgated constitution. Data was obtained mainly from secondary sources including: Sessional Papers, National Development Plans and Statistical abstracts. It is recommended that: Development of a Management Information System to capture information about OVC's, Strengthening Community Based support systems, Mainstreaming social protection in the programmes of all Government Ministries as opposed to the current six, Providing training and facilitation alongside the financial means to care – givers in vulnerable families, Prioritizing provision of Psycho –social support in addition to the material support currently offered, and reflecting OVC as a priority special needs in all sectoral policy planning and strategy process will go a long way in guarding against the escalating crisis of the vulnerable children which threatens to tear at the very fabric of childhood.
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Waughray, Annapurna. "Caste Discrimination and Minority Rights: The Case of India's Dalits." International Journal on Minority and Group Rights 17, no. 2 (2010): 327–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157181110x495926.
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AbstractIndia's Dalits (formerly known as Untouchables) number around 167 million or one-sixth of India's population. Despite constitutional and legislative prohibitions of Untouchability and discrimination on grounds of caste they continue to suffer caste-based discrimination and violence. Internationally, caste discrimination has been affirmed since 1996 by the UN committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination as a form of racial discrimination prohibited by the Inter national Convention for the Elimination of all Forms of Racial Discrimination, and since 2000 as a form of discrimination prohibited by international human rights law. India's Dalits have also pursued minority rights and indigenous peoples' approaches before international forums. Yet the Dalits do not readily meet the internationally-agreed criteria for minorities or for indigenous peoples, while in India they are not classified legally as a minority, enjoying a constitutional status and constitutional protections in the form of affirmative action provisions distinct from those groups classified as minorities. This article is concerned with the characterisation of the Dalits in international and Indian law. In particular it focuses on India's provisions on Dalits and minorities respectively, examining the origins and limitations of the Scheduled Caste category (the constitutional term for the Dalits) and the relationship between Scheduled Caste status and religion. The article addresses arguments for the extension of Scheduled Caste status to Muslim and Christian Dalits (currently excluded from the constitutional category on grounds of religion) and concludes by endorsing calls for re-examination of the domestic legal categories encompassing victims of caste discrimination and of the legal strategies for the elimination of such discrimination, while arguing that internationally caste discrimination might be more effectively addressed by the conceptualisation of caste as a sui generis ground of discrimination as in India.
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Thomas, Wolfgang H. "Promoting Entrepreneurship in Africa: Alternative Strategies and the Scope for Affirmative Action1." Journal of Entrepreneurship 1, no. 2 (September 1992): 215–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097135579200100202.
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Yevchenko, Iryna M., Andrii M. Masliuk, Nataliia M. Podolyak, and Olena L. Girchenko. "Interconnection of Personality Self-affirmation Strategy with Time Perspective." Revista Gestão Inovação e Tecnologias 11, no. 4 (July 22, 2021): 2409–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.47059/revistageintec.v11i4.2292.
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Self-affirmation acts as one of the main determinants of the formation of a person, who can be socially active, have his or her own position and views, be able to defend and prove them, know the rights, adequately evaluate opportunities and be responsible for the actions. With the help of the questionnaire "Strategies of self-affirmation of personality" (N.E. Harlamenkov, E.P. Nikitin), we found out the strategies of self-affirmation of students. This knowledge will enable us to work properly to optimize the choice of strategies for self-affirmation by young people. For a harmonious existence of the personality, a consistent approach to different time perspectives is required. For a psychologist to work with a person it is important to understand the priority of the temporal perspective, because the time perspective reflects the settings, beliefs and values associated with time. With the help of the questionnaire "The Time Perspective of Personality" by F. Zimbardo, we outlined the time perspective of the respondents with different strategies of self-affirmation, and we conducted a comparative analysis of the results obtained at different time intervals. The results of the conducted study will provide further development of the training program for the formation of the student’s ability to constructive self-affirmation.
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Schraeder, Mike, and Hannah Schraeder. "AFFIRM employees to reduce cynicism in the workplace." Development and Learning in Organizations: An International Journal 31, no. 5 (September 4, 2017): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dlo-11-2016-0102.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to describe the potential value of affirmation as a way that leaders might be able to reduce employee cynicism in organizations. Design/methodology/approach A brief overview of cynicism and possible value of affirmation as a method to reduce cynicism is followed by suggestions for ways that leaders may be able to reduce cynicism through affirmation. Six strategies for reducing cynicism were summarized. These strategies were organized using AFFIRM as an acrostic. Findings Leaders may be able to reduce employee cynicism through actions intended to affirm employees. Specifically, it is suggested that leaders can affirm employees through acknowledgement and appreciation, feedback, focus, involvement, respect, and maintaining employee well-being. Originality/value This paper framed the strategies for reducing cynicism using AFFIRM as an acrostic for the six strategies. Organizing the recommended strategies of acknowledgement/appreciation, feedback, focus, involvement, respect, and maintaining employee well-being using this methodology may be a beneficial tool for leaders looking for ways to reduce employee cynicism in organizations.
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Djokic, Vladan, Ana Radivojevic, and Mirjana Roter-Blagojevic. "Promotion of the cultural heritage of Mediterranean city in the scope of upgrading cultural tourism." Spatium, no. 17-18 (2008): 84–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/spat0818084d.
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World and especially European trends of tourist economy are mainly focused on development of diversity in cultural tourism. Cultural tourism is a complex of numerous activities that enables not only the affirmation of cultural-historic motives, but also provides important resources for renewal of cultural-historic monuments, tangible and intangible heritage and resources. Today, there is no serious and ambitious country that does not prefer development of tourism in its development strategies as a planetary phenomenon and development sector. This specially refers to cultural tourism, as a competitive segment, based on local authenticity, unique areas, urban entities and ambiance, different historic layers and monuments, local tradition, myths and customs, affirmative mentality of population, geographic and ecological resources, in brief - complex and original identity of its area and its population. Cultural tourism in Montenegro has a modest tradition and only recently through valuable but sporadic initiatives and encouragements from Europe, attempts to valorize its own potentials, making them competitive through creative projects and programs. It is most certainly that the Montenegrin coast is a deeply settled part of complex Mediterranean cultural sphere that possesses certain characteristics which marks it as a unique cultural space in which different historical, geographic, confessional and other influences from surroundings intersect, predefining it for development of cultural tourism. This paper represents an effort to create a professional study report, although limited to single destination - city of Budva that treats cultural tourism in correlation with evaluation of renewal and use of cultural-historic and built heritage. From the mentioned reasons and within described context, this paper tends to be a small, but precisely created contribution to the future actions of creating complex tourist offer at Montenegrin coast, especially in Budva as its 'capital', as it is often emphasized with reasonable expectations in public. .
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Moskovitz, Liora, and Lucia Garcia-Lorenzo. "Changing the NHS a day at a time: The role of enactment in the mobilisation and prefiguration of change." Journal of Social and Political Psychology 4, no. 1 (May 24, 2016): 196–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/jspp.v4i1.532.
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This paper aims to contribute to our understanding of the unique role of enactment in the dynamics of motivation and participation in prefigurative social movements, with the intention of providing a deeper understanding of the mechanisms, inherent to prefiguration, driving change through collective action. We achieve this through examining what motivates people to participate as activists in a social movement trying to enact changes within the National Health Service (NHS) in the United Kingdom. To do so, we explore the narratives of 23 activists working to develop the NHS Change Day movement. The narratives describe how NHS frontline staff engage in daily grassroots change activities while having to navigate top-down, planned, organisational change interventions. We analyse our findings in light of recent developments in the understanding of group identity processes in the mobilisation of collective action, and highlight the role of enactment in these dynamics. The findings indicate that it is not the overall top-down managerial strategies, but rather the daily participation and enactment of self-initiated small-scale change actions that gives meaning and direction to the activists’ participation in the social movement – a meaning which is constructed through the encapsulation of a sense of personal agency and collective efficacy, contributing to a sense of the affirmation of vocational and organisational identity. We contend that the relationship between the experience of the daily enactment of self-initiated activities within a supportive group setting and the motivation to participate in collective action is mutually constructed, and as such, inextricable.
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Gunawan, Tendy. "Strategy for Abolishing Barriers to Women Participation in Labor Force." Jurnal Perempuan 26, no. 1 (August 13, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.34309/jp.v26i1.541.
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<p>The female labor force participation rate has not moved from 50-55% in the last ten years, and this condition has been exacerbated by the covid-19 pandemic. This study looks at the various challenges for women in entering the world of work, maintaining jobs and building careers, and what strategies stakeholders can take to remove various barriers to women's labor force participation. The strategic recommendations include affirmative actions and policies that could be taken by policy makers and companies to remove barriers to women's participation in the workforce. The study is based on literature reviews of various studies and surveys conducted by the ILO in 2010-2020, especially regarding women in the world of work.</p>
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Broderick, James L., and Matthew L. Giles. "Strategies for addressing investor liquidity concerns and funding capital needs in real estate funds." Journal of Investment Compliance 21, no. 4 (December 7, 2020): 193–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/joic-10-2020-0034.
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Purpose To discuss issues that real estate fund sponsors may encounter due to investor liquidity constraints amidst the COVID-19 pandemic (such as investors seeking redemptions or transfers) and to provide guidance on potential ways that fund sponsors can prepare for, and respond to, such inquiries while at the same time addressing their fund’s liquidity needs (such as by utilizing subscription-secured credit facilities). Design/methodology/approach The article identifies the types of requests that investors may make to address their internal liquidity constraints, discusses contractual, legal, regulatory and business issues that fund sponsors should consider in responding to such requests and provides some alternatives for fund sponsors to consider allowing them to be responsive to investor liquidity concerns while also addressing fund capital needs. Findings The article finds that there are specific actions which fund sponsors should take in anticipating, and responding to, investor liquidity requests, such as reviewing partnership documents and credit facility documents and considering consequences in respect of ERISA, tax and compliance with applicable securities laws. The article also finds that specific affirmative actions by fund sponsors, such as increased borrowings under credit facilities, making distributions that are recallable and favoring transfers over withdrawals or redemptions may assist fund sponsors in preserving capital while addressing investor liquidity requests. Practical implications Fund sponsors should carefully review their fund documentation and determine their options and requirements as they pertain to potential liquidity requests. Fund sponsors should be careful to avoid foot-faults under their fund documents and credit facility agreements. Originality/value Practical guidance from experienced fund formation, securities law, tax, ERISA and finance lawyers.