Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Aerospace industries'
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Grice, Steven J. "Optical fibre sensors and their applications in the industrial weighing and aerospace industries." Thesis, Aston University, 2010. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/15208/.
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This thesis presents the design, fabrication and testing of novel grating based Optical Fibre Sensor (OFS) systems being interrogated using “off the shelf” interrogation systems, with the eventual development of marketable commercial systems at the forefront of the research. Both in the industrial weighing and aerospace industries, there has been a drive to investigate the feasibility of using optical fibre sensors being deployed where traditionally their electrical or mechanical counterparts would traditionally have been. Already, in the industrial weighing industry, commercial operators are deploying OFS-based Weigh-In-Motion (WIM) systems. Likewise, in the aerospace industry, OFS have been deployed to monitor such parameters as load history, impact detection, structural damage, overload detection, centre of gravity and the determination of blade shape. Based on the intrinsic properties of fibre Bragg gratings (FBGs) and Long Period Fibre Gratings (LPFGs), a number of novel OFS-based systems have been realised. Experimental work has shown that in the case of static industrial weighing, FBGs can be integrated with current commercial products and used to detect applied loads. The work has also shown that embedding FBGs in e-glass, to form a sensing patch, can result in said patches being bonded to rail track, forming the basis of an FBG-based WIM system. The results obtained have been sufficiently encouraging to the industrial partner that this work will be progressed beyond the scope of the work presented in this thesis. Likewise, and to the best of the author’s knowledge, a novel Bragg grating based systems for aircraft fuel parameter sensing has been presented. FBG-based pressure sensors have been shown to demonstrate good sensitivity, linearity and repeatability, whilst LPFG-based systems have demonstrated a far greater sensitivity when compared to FBGs, as well the advantage of being potentially able to detect causes of fuel adulteration based on their sensitivity to refractive index (RI). In the case of the LPFG-based system, considerable work remains to be done on the mechanical strengthening to improve its survivability in a live aircraft fuel tank environment. The FBG system has already been developed to an aerospace compliant prototype and is due to be tested at the fuel testing facility based at Airbus, Filton, UK. It is envisaged by the author that in both application areas, continued research in this area will lead to the eventual development of marketable commercial products.
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Loh, Benjamin Chen-Han. "Explaining industrial clustering : performativity and the case of a Polish aerospace cluster." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610894.
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Arsenault, Reginald W. "Creation of a CRM selection methodology for the aerospace & defense industry." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2006. http://165.236.235.140/lib/rarsenault2006.pdf.
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Anderson, Mary Ann. "Analysis of flexible assembly implementation in the automotive and aerospace industries." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/10285.
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Beckett, Ronald Charles. "Learning organisations in high technology industries /." View thesis View thesis, 2001. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030506.165637/index.html.
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Thesis (D.B.A.) -- University of Western Sydney, Nepean, 2001.A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Business Adminiistration, University of Western Sydney, Nepean, 2001. Includes bibliographical references.
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Iakovaki, Antigoni. "Service supply chain integration in multi-organisation networks : findings from the defence aerospace sector." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610686.
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Donovan, Mark H. "The French Aerospace and Defense Industries: changing dynamics of procurement and consolidation." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/8427.
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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimitedFrance's traditions of national sovereignty and its global status as a "great power" help to explain its investments in an independent and autonomous armaments industry. The resulting capabilities, ranging from fighter aircraft to nuclear weapons, have helped to ensure the position of France as a leading nation during the latter half of the twentieth century. Overcoming the inherent problems associated with state control and oversight of the means of production, France has developed a robust manufacturing capability and has produced, among other systems, technologically advanced designs in combat aircraft (the Rafale fighter), space rocket launchers (the Ariane 5 launcher), and remote sensing satellites (the Helios military satellite). However, the need to continue incorporating modem, expensive technology into French systems in the face of budgetary cutbacks has brought the future viability of autonomous and French-led programs into question. As a result, France and other major European nations have tried to find a common solution to consolidate each country's aerospace and defense firms into one corporate entity that could compete effectively against the United States. However, problems rooted in maintaining national capabilities, especially in France, have kept this design from becoming a reality
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El-Nounu, AbdulRahman. "Redesign methodology for cost effective assembly of aerospace structures." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/51634/.
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The research addresses the topic of design for assembly from an aerospace structures perspective. Aerospace assembly has traditionally taken secondary important to aircraft performance. This approach has been validated through healthy sales, most recently demonstrated in the Single Aisle market. However, in recent times, design for assembly has become more important. There are two main drivers behind this shift in focus. The first is a desire from aircraft manufacturers to maximise profits on existing aircraft orders through redesign. The second is the future outlook of aircraft sales, estimated to be in the trillions of dollars 2035. Aircraft manufacturers have therefore recognised that optimising their manufacturing system is critical lest market share is lost to emerging aircraft manufacturers through an inability to meet rising demand. Three methods are then developed to provide design for assembly indicators for development decisions. The underpinning methodology behind these methods is a data driven approach. This is that cost saving decisions can be made using the mass of existing available data from production systems at early stages provided that key indicators are identified. The methods allow engineers to make informed decisions on design for assembly and technology development. The first method addresses the issue of redesign. A tool is presented that relies on available data of assembly processes to make recommendations on redesign projects. The method is populated with real data and its output is compared against real business decisions. The results show that the method provides positive direction and is beneficial when filtering between costly redesign projects. The second method addresses design for assembly at early product development. A complexity metric is developed using a combination of historical data and known data at a particular development stage to produce a complexity metric that carries out an analysis of a full assembly system. It provides the engineer with a macro view enabling the identification of potential bottlenecks. Data from a previous product was used to demonstrate this method. The results shown were able to highlight real issues and make recommendations about technology strategy. The final method developed in this research recognised that design for assembly and assembly technology were synergetic and should be developed together. It proposed an assembly process characterisation technique to enable future technology strategy planning at design for assembly stage. The tool was demonstrated using existing data and proposed several concepts for a future product to enable higher levels of automation and more cost effective future technology implementation. The research concluded that there was a definite advantage in using the demonstrated methods in providing direction to an aircraft manufacturing business. In the redesign method and the complexity analysis method this was validated through comparison against real business decisions. The two methods were in line with business thinking. Also, where the redesign method was different in its advice compared with business direction, it was shown that following the advice of the method would have been beneficial to the business. It was more difficult to validate the shared platform approach method due to its results providing indicators for future decisions. Early analysis into its potential validity through technology benchmarking looked promising.
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Wenham, Paul Robert. "Slipping from the stratosphere: British aerospace in the superpower era." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B49799605.
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In the aftermath of the Second World War the possession of aerospace technology—missiles, rockets and civil and military aircraft—was one of the hallmarks of a powerful nation, as well as an important diplomatic tool. Britain had a tremendous amount of expertise in these fields. The rise of the two superpowers, the United States and the Soviet Union, had transformed the international political and strategic situation. How would Britain use her technology to safeguard her interests in these changed circumstances? How and why did she fall behind? This thesis sets out to investigate these questions and determine the role aerospace played in influencing Britain’s relations with allies and neighbours in a new age. It looks at how she faced up to the dilemma of deciding whether to forge ever closer links with her transatlantic ally or overturn centuries of history by entering Europe. The study examines major British aerospace projects, their relative success or failure and their political legacy. It also looks at some of the personalities involved in the story, to illustrate attitudes to technology in Whitehall, the boardroom and the drawing office. Ultimately, it seeks to explain how the decisions that were made in the post-war decades shaped the country’s eventual destiny.published_or_final_version
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Doctor of Philosophy
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Beckett, Ronald C., University of Western Sydney, College of Law and Business, and School of Management. "Learning organisations in high technology industries." THESIS_CB_MAN_Beckett_R.xml, 2001. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/299.
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This study describes an action research program, primarily within one company pursuing learning organisation concepts. The research was an integral part of the implication process, not involving case studies carried out after the event, or analysis prior to it, but an iterative mixture of both.Both the literature and case studies of various aspects of the operations of an Australian Aerospace company are used to help identify some particular practices that support organisational learning. A range of issues arising from the research are also discussed. A multi-faceted systems model of corporate memory is developed, and possible ways of obtaining leverage from that memory are discussed.The research identifies a number of competencies, processes and practices that need to be in place for organisational learning and knowledge management to be effective. It is suggested that a particular organisation may take many years to establish this portfolio of capabilities to the extent that they become the operating room.Doctor of Business Administration
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Burgess, Rachel. "The business process engineering of an aerospace aftermarket supply chain : executive summary." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1999. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/34683/.
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The following report provides an overview of the Engineering Doctorate portfolio entitled The Business Process Engineering of an Aerospace Aftermarket Supply Chain.' It is intended to set the context of the portfolio in the engineering business environment and identify the innovative achievements of the work. Three main themes underline the portfolio and are outlined here; the use of Supply Chain Management (SCM) in the aerospace industry, the barriers to SCM implementation, and the links between SCM and Business Process (Re)Engineering. These themes are used to explore the findings and conclusions of the portfolio. The text includes references back to the previous submissions in order to identify the relevant sections of the portfolio that support the Executive Summary. The report also includes the suggested reading order for the various submissions and details the contribution that the work has made, both academically and within the case study organisation.
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Miah, Abdul. "Product-based environmental metrics for use within aerospace, defence, space and security industries (ADS)." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2018. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/845983/.
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Within the aerospace, defence, space, and security (ADS) industries, there is a growing reporting requirement and interest in understanding and reducing the environmental impacts of products and related risks to business. This dissertation presents the research carried out in collaboration with six ADS companies (ADS Group, Airbus Group, BAE Systems, Bombardier Aerospace, Granta Design, and Rolls-Royce) to establish industry methods for consistently measuring and reporting two pre-selected product-based environmental indicators identified as important to the industry: energy consumption and access to resources. Following an action research approach, four potential methods for calculating and reporting the manufacturing energy footprint of ADS products were identified and industry tested on three case study parts selected by Airbus Group, Bombardier Aerospace, and Rolls-Royce. Methods tested were: (1) Direct measurement, (2) Theoretical calculation, (3) Facility level allocation of energy consumption (based on annual production hours, quantity, and weight of parts manufactured), and (4) Approximation based on generic data. Method 3 (Production Hours) was found to be the most suitable “single” method for immediately reporting the manufacturing energy footprint of parts as it was quick to implement and based on widely available industry data. Regarding the comparability of methods, methods were found to be incomparable and produce significantly different results when applied to calculate the manufacturing energy footprint of the same part. Differences in the comparison of two methods could be in the order of one magnitude based on findings. Such large differences are significant for understanding energy use/costs, environmental impacts (e.g. carbon footprint), and reliably reporting and comparing information for informing decisions. Therefore, methods for calculating the manufacturing energy footprint of products cannot be assumed to be interchangeable and stacked in LCAs, EPDs, and other standards. These findings challenge current LCA practices and the interpretation of product-based environmental declarations if multiple methods have been used and results stacked. Thus, existing standards and growing product-orientated environmental polices allowing for the use of multiple methods (e.g. EPDs and PEFs) may indeed proliferate incomparability rather than engender comparability. Regarding approximating product energy footprints using generic data, the research was only able to approximate the machining energy consumption associated with the case study parts because of data gaps in the generic database. However, a high comparability between generic data use and direct measurement (i.e. specific/primary data) was found. These limited findings challenge attitudes towards generic data use and indicate potential scope to replace expensive primary data collection with more cost-effective (and similarly accurate) generic data. With regards to proposing a method for measuring the access to resources (A2R) product-based environmental indicator, several supply risk indicators and methodological choices for measuring the indicator were identified. Methodological choices included decisions such as to normalise and aggregate supply risk indicators into a single score. A workshop with the industry consortium was consequently carried out to explore and agree: (1) what indicators should be selected to appropriately measure A2R, and (2) how the selected indicators should be measured. Out of 18 potential supply risk indicators, five were identified as key: conflict material risk, environmental country risk, price volatility risk, sourcing and geopolitical risk, and monopoly of supply risk were selected because of clear links to legislation, use of reliable data, and effect on material prices. Regarding methodological choices for measuring A2R, the industry consortium preferred to avoid normalising and aggregating indicators to prevent masking information. The dissertation highlights several major contributions to knowledge, industry, policy, and the development of standards as a result of the research. The main contribution to knowledge is the methods developed and the learnings derived from the process undertaken to determine them. The main contribution and benefit to the ADS industries are single, practical, research informed, and industry consortium agreed methods for cost-effectively measuring two product-based environmental indicators (which support the informational requirements of a wide range of stakeholders and potential end-uses). The examined indicators and the 'case study’ approach utilised with an industry consortium to identify the generic issues in developing suitable methods will be of value for: (1) other industries with similar product/value chain characteristics, and (2) the development of methods for measuring other product-based environmental indicators for industry use (e.g. water, waste, recyclability, etc.). Presented research outcomes provide valuable industry insights for informing the development of emerging product-orientated environmental policies and standards in a manner which benefit the ADS industries and broader environment. Overall, the research has enhanced academic understanding and provides industry capability to support businesses and other similar industries to consistently assess, report, and improve the sustainability of their products and supply chains.
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Ali, Usman. "Configuration management process maturity : definition and maturation of configuration management for aerospace and defence industries." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/configuration-management-process-maturity-definition-and-maturation-of-configuration-management-for-aerospace-and-defence-industries(63343e6b-9f51-4492-b934-00394ef2720c).html.
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This research focuses on the effective implementation and continuous improvement methodologies for Configuration Management practices within aerospace and defence industries. The research is conducted mainly to develop a Configuration Management Maturity Model which is based on Critical Success Factors and Barriers to Configuration Management implementation. The motives behind this research were the lack of understanding and problems in the implementation of high-grade Configuration Management systems as highlighted by other researchers. The research is conducted in three phases through interviews and questionnaire surveys with experienced Configuration Management professionals working in aerospace and defence industries. The first part of this research identifies, prioritizes, and categorizes the Critical Success Factors for Configuration Management and devises a Configuration Management Activity Model to help practationers in the effective implementation and continuous improvement of the process. The second part of the research sets out to identify and prioritize the obstacles to effective implementation of Configuration Management practices, categorized these obstacles into more manageable groups of factors, and analysed the effects of multiple factors on identification and rating of these barriers. Both studies were conducted through mixed method research with in-depth interviews followed by questionnaire surveys. The governance aspect of the process is also investigated to a great deal in the second part through interviews to conclude on process governance in various setups. The third part of this research is related to the development of a Configuration Management Maturity Model. It is important to note that other maturity models on the topic are generic in nature and emphasis on ‘what’ to implement instead of ‘how’ to implement which has left a gap of uncertainty that forced us to devise a suitable framework. The Configuration Management Maturity Model is an assessment tool which not only provides benchmark information but also helps to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the process. This maturity framework is unique in its presentation and unlike previous maturity models, is based on current Configuration Management practices, Critical Success Factors, and Barriers to Configuration Management implementation. This maturity model will help organizations to assess their current level of maturity, identify rational targets for improvements, and will help in providing action plans for enhancing their configuration management process capability. Like the previous two studies, this part of the research is conducted through semi-structured interviews followed by questionniare surveys.
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Leonard, Corli. "Quality assurance in the aerospace industry : implementation of AS 9100 Quality Management Standard at an SME." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6836.
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Thesis (MScEng (Industrial Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2011.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: South Africa has potential to grow extensively as a country supplying components to the global aerospace industry supply chains, as well as directly to OEMs like Airbus, Boeing and Cessna which are first tier suppliers. The economic crisis had a significant impact on the growth of small to medium sized enterprises (SMEs), also in aerospace companies. Before the recession, SMEs did not see the necessity to become certified with internationally accredited quality standards, because there were an abundance of business opportunities. In the current restricted business climate SMEs are increasingly realising the importance of certification. The standard that aerospace companies need to comply with, is the AS 9100 standard. Compliance to AS 9100 was previously considered as a competitive advantage (order winner) but has become a necessary prerequisite (order qualifier) to be considered for a contract. In the aerospace industry accountability, traceability, documentation and quality of parts are of critical importance. Quality of products according to specification is crucial as it has a profound effect on safety. The tendency in improving of a company's processes is to scale down on superfluous documentation. In the case of aerospace companies, this is an extremely challenging goal because traceability is of such crucial importance in this sector in terms of aircraft structural system and –operational integrity. For the purpose of this study, a small to medium manufacturer of aircraft and defence system parts was studied and considered to be representative of the aerospace industry in South Africa. The research gap amongst SMEs was investigated by means of a case study at an SME in South Africa where an IT-based AS 9100 quality management system was designed, developed and implemented. The investigation includes the analysis of the research partner's quality documents, the steps in the design and development of the quality management system (QMS) and a description of the implementation thereof. This study aims to provide the focus group (SMEs) with more knowledge when developing their quality management systems for implementation of the AS 9100 requirement to compete in the aerospace industry. It describes the historic background and current use of the AS 9100 standard as background. The objective of the case study will be to determine the generic validity of the method to be able to implement AS 9100 at a small to medium sized aerospace supplier when using the same guidelines which are followed in this specific case. The method's value and success are determined by means of an external audit (certification audit) of the company used in the case study. The method makes specific use of an IT-based infrastructure to facilitate the reduction of unnecessary documentation. Experiences gained by the author in applying AS 9100 to upgrade local manufacturing companies to aerospace suppliers to Volvo Aero Company in Sweden are briefly discussed as well as the validity to make use of these generic steps.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Suid-Afrika het die potensiaal om betekenisvol te groei as ʼn land wat komponente lewer aan internasionale lugvaart verskaffersnetwerke. Die ekonomiese krisis het 'n beduidende impak op die groei van klein tot mediumgrootte ondernemings gehad, asook in die lugvaart-industrie. Voor die resessie, het hierdie ondernemings nie die noodsaaklikheid om akkreditasie tot internasionale kwaliteitstandaarde te verkry na waarde geag nie, weens die genoegsame beskikbaarheid van sakegeleenthede. In die huidige ekonomiese klimaat word die belangrikheid van akkreditasie egter toenemend besef. Die standaard waaraan maatskappye in die lugvaartindustrie moet voldoen is die AS 9100 kwaliteitsbeheerstelsel. Voorheen is die akkreditasie tot hierdie standaard gesien as ʼn mededingende voordeel wanneer daar getender is vir ʼn kontrak. Deesdae word dit as ʼn noodsaaklike voorvereiste beskou, voordat die besigheid se aansoek om ʼn kontrak te verkry eers oorweeg sal word. In die lugvaartnywerheid is aanspreeklikheid, naspeurbaarheid en dokumentasie van kardinale belang. Die tendens in die verbetering van 'n maatskappy se prosesse is om af te skaal ten opsigte van onnodige dokumentasie. In die geval van lug- en ruimtevaartmaatskappye, is dit 'n uiters uitdagende doel, omdat naspeurbaarheid gedurende die komponent se leeftyd van deurslaggewende belang is in hierdie sektor. Vir die doel van hierdie studie is 'n klein- tot mediumgrootte vervaardiger van lugvaartkomponente wat dien as navorsingsvennoot, bestudeer. Hulle is beskou as verteenwoordigend van die lugvaartnywerheid in Suid-Afrika vir die doel van die studie. Die navorsingsgaping is geïdentifiseer as die implementering van ʼn gehaltebeheer stelsel wat voldoen aan die AS 9100 kwaliteitsbeheer standaard. Die gevallestudie van hierdie lugvaartvervaardiger sluit die bestudering van die ontwerp, ontwikkeling en implementering van ʼn IT-gebaseerde AS 9100 gehaltestelsel in. In die studie word die navorsingsvennoot se kwaliteitstelsel en dokumente ontleed, en die stappe in die ontwerp en ontwikkeling van die nuwe stelsel verduidelik. Die implementering en die validering van die stelsel deur die outeur, word beskryf en getoets deur middel van ʼn eksterne sertifiseringsliggaam. Hierdie studie poog om as riglyn te dien vir die fokus groep (klein- tot mediumgrootte ondernemings) en hul kennis van die AS 9100 standaard te verbreed. Hierdie kennis dra potensieel by tot die ontwikkeling van hul eie gehaltebestuur stelsels en die implementering van AS 9100 vereistes sodat akkreditasie tot die standaard verkry kan word en hul die lugvaartnywerheid kan betree. Die dokument beskryf die historiese agtergrond en huidige gebruik van die AS 9100 standaard. Die doel van die gevallestudie is om die generiese waarde van die metode vas te stel sodat ander klein tot mediumgrootte ondernemings in staat sal wees om dieselfde metode te volg om AS 9100 te implementeer. Die metode se geldigheid en sukses word bepaal deur middel van 'n eksterne oudit (sertifiseringsoudit) van die navorsingsvennoot in die gevallestudie. Die metode maak gebruik van 'n spesifieke IT-gebaseerde infrastruktuur om die vermindering van onnodige dokumentasie te fasiliteer. Ervarings en bevindings van ʼn soortgelyke studie in Swede, waar die outeur lid van die implementeringspan was, word ook kortliks bespreek om die geldigheid van die generiese stappe te bepaal en te beklemtoon.
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Armellini, Fabiano. "Patterns of open innovation within product development: a comparative study between Brazilian and Canadian aerospace industries." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3151/tde-10072013-112917/.
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Open innovation is a new research line that emerges from a new industrial organization of research, development and innovation (R,D&I): after a period of vertical integration and accumulation, economy seems to walk towards a more plain level with lesser barriers to new entrants due to a new scenario of collaboration and knowledge dissemination. In this new mindset, firms can and should use external ideas as well as internal ideas, and internal and external paths to market, as firms look to advance in their technologies. The general goal of this research project is to analyze the depth and the impact of open innovation practices, as well as to identify patterns of their integration to the product development process (PDP) with focus on aerospace, a traditional high-tech segment within the metal-mechanic sector. For such, a reference model is elaborated and analyzed in two different contexts, in comparison study between Brazilian (emerging economy) and Canadian (developed economy) industries, more specifically the aerospace clusters in São Paulo and Quebec. The research comprises an aerospace market analysis, as well as the study of both countries national systems of innovation, supported by a survey that measures the intensity and importance of open innovation in Brazilian and Canadian aerospace companies plants. The survey is carried out by means of in-company questionnaire-based face interviews with R&D managers. The sample of analysis comprises a total of 53 aerospace plants, 22 of them in Brazil and 31 in Canada. Through a descriptive analysis of survey data, it is possible to identify similarities and differences in the patterns of open innovation in the two clusters. Among the similarities one highlights the focus on the product, the early involvement of customers in the PDP, the strategies adopted regarding intellectual property (IP) protection, the concentration of collaborative arrangements within the boundaries of the aerospace industry and the low intensity use of pecuniary tools, such as venture capital, spin-offs and/or acquisitions. Among the differences, Canada stands out with respect to its innovation public policies and assistance programs, which are found to be more effective in relation to Brazilian policies. Besides, Canadian plants seem to have a better innovative performance, at the cutting edge of aerospace technologies and higher international relevance. The survey also finds that the intensities of openness in Brazil and Canada are quite similar, although the patterns and motivations differ: Brazilian plants are more engaged in providing R&D services for products of third parties under direct contract (and not within collaborative arrangements) to local customers, while Canadian plants seem to be more engaged in a wider spam of collaborative fronts in a wider geographical range. Besides, Brazilian plants are much less intense in the adoption of formal IP protection methods in relation to Canadian ones, which hinders (but not prevents) the full adoption of open innovation in the Brazilian cluster. Based on the results, this text concludes with recommendations directed to the three vertices of the triple helix in both countries, namely: enterprises, science and technology institutes and the government.A inovação aberta é uma nova linha de pesquisa que surge a partir de nova organização industrial de pesquisa, desenvolvimento e inovação (P,D&I): após um período de verticalização, a economia parece caminhar em direção a um maior nivelamento com menores barreiras para novos entrantes em um novo cenário de colaboração e disseminação de conhecimento. Neste conceito, as empresas podem e devem usar ideias externas, assim como internas, e caminhos internos e externos para o mercado, na medida em que buscam avançar suas tecnologias. O objetivo geral deste projeto é analisar a profundidade e impacto das práticas de inovação aberta, bem como identificar padrões de sua integração ao processo de desenvolvimento de produtos (PDP) com foco na indústria aeroespacial, um segmento tradicional de alta tecnologia no setor metal-mecânico. Para tal, um modelo de referência é elaborado e avaliado em diferentes contextos, em uma comparação entre as indústrias brasileira (economia emergente) e canadense (economia desenvolvida), mais especificamente os arranjos produtivos aeroespaciais em São Paulo e Quebec. A pesquisa compreende uma análise do mercado aeroespacial, bem como o estudo dos sistemas nacionais de inovação de ambos os países, apoiados por um levantamento (survey) que mede a intensidade e a importância da inovação aberta em plantas de empresas aeroespaciais no Brasil e no Canadá. A pesquisa é realizada por meio de entrevistas presenciais em empresas com gestores de P&D, baseadas em um questionário. A amostra compreende um total de 53 plantas de empresas aeroespaciais, 22 delas no Brasil e 31 no Canadá. Através da análise descritiva dos dados da pesquisa, é possível identificar semelhanças e diferenças nos padrões de inovação aberta nos dois grupos. Entre as semelhanças destacam-se o foco no produto, o envolvimento precoce de clientes no PDP, as estratégias adotadas para proteção de propriedade intelectual (PI), a concentração de acordos colaborativos dentro dos limites da indústria aeroespacial e a baixa intensidade na utilização de ferramentas pecuniárias, tais como o capital de risco, spin-offs e/ou aquisições. Entre as diferenças, o Canadá se destaca com relação às suas políticas públicas de inovação e programas de assistência, que se mostram mais eficazes em relação aos brasileiros. Além disso, as plantas canadenses parecem ter um melhor desempenho inovador, mais próximo do estado-da-arte das tecnologias aeroespaciais e com maior relevância internacional. O levantamento também mostrou que as intensidades de abertura no Brasil e no Canadá são semelhantes, embora os padrões e motivações difiram: as plantas brasileiras estão mais envolvidas no fornecimento de serviços de P&D para produtos de terceiros sob contrato direto (e não dentro de acordos de colaboração) para clientes locais, enquanto que as plantas canadenses parecem estar engajadas em um leque mais amplo de frentes de colaboração, com maior distribuição geográfica. Além disso, as plantas brasileiras adotam com muito menor intensidade métodos formais de proteção da PI em relação às canadenses, o que dificulta (mas não impede) a adoção plena da inovação aberta no cluster brasileiro. Com base nos resultados, o texto conclui com recomendações dirigidas aos três vértices da hélice tripla em ambos os países, a saber: empresas, institutos de ciência e tecnologia e governo.
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Cantu, Cynthia J. Beyerlein Michael Martin. "Evaluating team effectiveness examination of the team assessment tool /." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2007. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-3990.
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Jha, Sumit Kumar. "Filter-based adaptive optimal control designs for uncertain linear time invariant systems." Thesis, IIT Delhi, 2019. http://eprint.iitd.ac.in:80//handle/2074/8062.
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Berkhauer-Smith, Samantha. "The integration of lean thinking and manufacturing business improvement methods within the aerospace supply chain." Thesis, University of Greenwich, 2009. http://gala.gre.ac.uk/8145/.
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This research was initiated by carrying out an extensive literature survey on the current inter-relationships between Manufacturing Business Improvement Methods (MBIMs). The review highlighted that one particular improvement concept is lean manufacture. This review carried out an investigation into the lean environment and assessed many applications of the concept. The literature survey also highlighted restrictions to lean thinking. It is been proposed how some of these limitations can be alleviated by introducing other MBIMs into an integrated methodology. The research assesses currently practised MBIMs and reveals that these methodologies have differentiating relationships, thus producing many types of implementation strategies. The research resulted in studying the inter-relationships between these MBIMs including cultural issues surrounding process improvement initiatives, so they can be unified into an integrated methodology creating a unique strategy that can be correctly tailored to a chosen environment. This research outlines a proposed design methodology that involves ten stages of change including the planning, creating, data collection, analysis and strategic implementation to apply. The approach flows through the change process systematically highlighting how to achieve the best outcome. Feedback into the system is also visible. The proposed design methodology incorporates significant findings from the research, as it highlights the originality of the amalgamation of both the technical and cultural transformations, which are two very different aspects, but highly important factors of change. By considering the two factors, a more harmonious approach in implementing the MBIMs within a company is achieved, therefore resulting in a higher success rate of change. A number of case studies illustrating the implementation of the proposed design methodology is also presented.
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Trepczynski, Susan J. "Edge of space : emerging technologies, the 'new' space industry, and the continuing debate on the delimitation of outer space." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=101829.
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Nearly fifty years have passed since the beginning of the space age, but international lawmakers have yet to determine where airspace ends and outer space begins. This paper examines the need to settle the boundary dispute, specifically taking into account the effect it has on emerging technologies and the 'new' space industry.The opening chapter examines the fundamental changes that have occurred since the beginning of the space age, both in terms of the technology and the space exploration infrastructure. The background of the delimitation question is then provided, followed by a discussion of the legal significance of the boundary issue. The final chapter analyzes the spatialist and functionalist approaches to the delimitation of outer space, looking at the pros and cons of each position.
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Holland, Marcia Annette. "Aerospace and Defense Industries Online Recruiting of College and University Graduates: Strategies Toward Defining a Comprehensive Informational Benchmark." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2011. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc84219/.
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This qualitative, inductive study analyzed online recruiting information posted at the websites of five major aerospace and defense corporations to recruit college juniors, seniors, and recent graduates. Recruitment of this group is critical to staff the personnel for the scientific, technical, and management needs of aerospace and defense industries. The study sought: (1) to determine the use of multiple recruitment factors inferred from the literature and recommended for successful recruitment of college graduates, (2) to determine use of online social media (Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn) to recruit this population, and (3) to explore commonalities among these corporations regarding online recruiting information to determine if a model for online recruitment now exists. A matrix of recruitment factors was developed from a review of the literature on the personnel needs of this industry and on effective recruiting factors for this group. Content analysis involved filtering information at each website with the matrix. Conclusions of this study include: (1) the matrix of recruitment factors and the rating scale developed for the purposes of this study provide a tool for researching, documenting, and comparing recruitment information on the internet; (2) that while these corporations represent the latest applications in technology in their manufacturing processes and products, they do not use social networking technology to the extent the popular and scholarly literature indicate is typical for the target group. Given that the current generation exhibits extensive use of social media, several of these corporations’ websites appear not to utilize this networking technology. Informally, these corporations argue that cyber-security prevents extensive use of social networking sites. Thus, these corporations must determine how to maintain cyber-security while at the same time adopting more accepted use of social networking platforms.
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HEDLUND, CHARLOTTE, and AXEL INGO. "The agile transformation in traditional organisations in regulated environments : A case study in the automotive and aerospace industries." Thesis, KTH, Industriell Management, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-237265.
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The business environment of the 21st century is rapidly changing. Customers demand are diversifying, governments enforce stricter environmental regulations and start-ups are entering with disruptive business models. Traditional industrial organisations need to adapt to compete on a market revolving around time-to-market actions. One solution for this is to do an agile transformation. This thesis investigates the agile transformation process of traditional organisations through a case study. The objective is to identify find the main success drivers and key challenges in stated transformation. The research was designed to do a qualitative, interview based case study in the automotive and aerospace industries involving four companies from an interpretivistic paradigm. In addition, two companies from insurance and banking and four agile coaches were also part of the case study to establish generalisability. The theoretical and empirical findings succeed to find three main success drivers: management support, identifying the “Why?” and “How?”, and three key challenges: structural legacies, cultural legacies and configuration of transformation process. Additionally, it was found that current transformations in the selected industries are diverging from change management theories, which emphasises a greater focus on changing mindset, behaviour and culture. Finally, the study contributes with actions as to help companies pursuing agile transformation as well identifying a continuous need for research of agile methods in non-software environments.Marknaden har under 2000-talet ändrats snabbt. Kunders krav på produkter ökar, statliga miljöregleringar träder i kraft och start-ups går in med disruptiva affärsmodeller. I detta läge behöver traditionella industribolag anpassa för att kunna konkurrera på den nya marknaden som kräver en kortare tid till marknaden. En lösning på detta problem är en agil transformation. Den här uppsatsen undersöker de agila transformationsprocesserna genom en fallstudie. Målsättningen är att identifiera de huvudsakliga framgångsfaktorer samt utmaningar som återfinns i nämnda transformationer. Forskningen designades genom en kvalitativ intervjufallstudie hos fyra företag inom vägfordons- och flygplansindustrin från ett interpretivistiskt forskningsparadigm. Vidare deltog två företag från försäkring och bank samt fyra agila coacher för att kunna etablera generaliserbarhet. De teoretiska och empiriska ramverken lyckades hitta tre stycken framgångsfaktorer: ledarstöd, identifierandet and “Varför?” samt ”Hur?”, samt tre primära utmaningar: strukturella och kulturella arv samt konfigurationen av transformationsprocessen. Vidare fann studien att de nuvarande transformationerna som finns i valda branscher divergerar från förändringsledningsteorierna, som i sin tur betonar ett större fokus på förändring av mindset, beteende och kultur. Slutligen bidrar denna studie med föreslagna åtgärder som hjälper företag som genomgår en transformation och identifierar ett fortsatt behov av att forska kring användandet av agila metoder in icke-mjukvaruområden.
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Silvasi-Patchin, Judith Ann 1941. "A comparison of work-related values between professional temporary employees and professional traditional employees in the aerospace industry." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277241.
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One segment of the Temporary Help Services (THS) industry which has not been well researched is that of the Professional temporary employee. The career THS professional employee is an employee who categorically refuses permanent employment. There is no research which compares the professional career THS employee with the traditional employee. This study examines the work values and expectations of technical writers within one company and compares responses of career THS employees and incidental THS employees with those of permanent employees in that same company. The Campbell Organizational Survey and the Work Values Survey were administered and the results were analyzed. Except for the perception of "Benefits" work cluster there were no significant differences between the groups. It was then possible to assume that perception of the organization was held constant. Differences in work values among groups were found. Results were discussed.
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Ekholm, Harry H. (Harry Hilding). "An Analysis of the Utilization of the Work Measurement System Requirements of Military Standard 1567a as Compared to Standard Operating Procedures." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1991. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332728/.
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Work measurement systems are widely used by American manufacturers in establishing labor standards as inputs for budgeting, estimating, planning, evaluating, and managing production. These systems are used by defense related and non-defense related contractors alike. However in 1987, their use was required in United States Air Force major procurement contracts through Military Standard 1567A.
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Maturkanič, Michal. "Analýza business modelu spoločnosti Aircraft Industries, a.s. a návrhy na jeho zlepšenie." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-359061.
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The graduation theses applies itself to business model analysis of the company Aircraft Industries, a.s. which run a business in production and sales of small civil aircrafts L-410. The company is struggling with period full of uncertainty which caused the fall of sales, fabrication restriction as well as loss in trading incomes. Unfortunately, according to some analysis performed in the diploma work, the current problems have not been caused just by contemporary events, though by long-term inappropriate set of processes in the firm, too. After all, the work shows possible development in the near future, its impact on the company, as well as suggestions which should be received and accepted by management to avoid any further negative impacts on the company.
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Gartzke, Ulf. "The Boeing / McDonnell Douglas and EADS mergers : ethnocentric vs. regiocentric consolidation in the aerospace and defence industry and the implications for international relations." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2010. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/266/.
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This thesis relies on realist and neo-mercantilist approaches to explain the consolidation of the US and European aerospace and defence industry during the second half of the 1990s. Based on two case studies, the Boeing / McDonnell Douglas (BMD) merger in 1997 and the EADS merger in 1999, the thesis analyses the different political and economic motivations that led these aerospace and defence companies as well as their respective home governments to pursue either ethnocentric consolidation (in the case of the US) or regiocentric consolidation (in the case of France, Germany, and Spain) strategies. The BMD merger is interpreted as an attempt by the American hegemon to ensure that the important military, economic, and technological benefits derived from this strategic sector continue to accrue, above all, to the United States and its aerospace and defence industrial base. The cross-border EADS merger, in contrast, is viewed as a Franco-German-led counterbalancing attempt to guarantee the survival and autonomy of the European aerospace and defence industry, including Airbus, in the face of growing competitive pressures from the rapidlyconsolidating US mega-primes like Boeing. The thesis contrasts several high-profile transatlantic M&A deals in a variety of business sectors with the marked absence of similar transactions between US and European aerospace and defence companies. It thus highlights the strategic nature of this particular sector as well as American concerns about the proliferation of advanced US technologies to third countries, including to European NATO allies. Ultimately, realist and neo-mercantilist arguments prevailed over liberal-institutionalist / globalisation arguments among policymakers and business leaders on both sides of the Atlantic (especially in Washington, DC and Paris) – thus paving the way for the BMD and EADS mergers.
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Beaudry, Catherine. "Enterprise in orbit : the supply and demand for communication satellites, 1964-1992." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:df766834-81c3-4e5b-9158-9240b441bcf8.
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The objective of this study is to develop a general understanding of the evolution of the commercial communication satellite industry. Initial information classifies the industry as an oligopoly with the vendors as price setters. The approach to this thesis is to examine the supply and demand of satellites as a capital good. Assuming the demand curve slopes downwards, the study examines the change in the price of a standard unit satellite. The underlying motivation is the conventional identification problem. Over three generations, the technical attributes of communication satellites are advancing. Taking the hedonic regression approach, the price of satellites is shown to decrease over time. Exploring the relationship between price and complexity, it is demonstrated that in the short-run the oligopoly structure of this industry is accompanied by a simple form of cost-plus price-setting. This finding solves the identification problem, so that simultaneous equation methods are not required. Assuming a constant degree of monopoly power in the industry, changes in multi-factor productivity are estimated. Productivity growth increases until 1980, but decreases slightly afterwards. The learning coefficients estimated for this industry are smaller than those found for the airframe industry. The fall in quality-corrected prices, however, is not big enough to support the interpretation that the expansion of satellite capacity was due to supply shifts along a stationary market demand schedule. Factors driving demand lead to a faster rate of expansion outside the original western world, but in the second half of the period, the ability to use software data compression moderated the rate of growth of demand for new satellites. The study explains the adjustment of the stock of satellite capacity in response to the desired stock: the speed at which countries adjust their stock depends on their characteristics and regional profile.
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Cantu, Cynthia J. "Evaluating team effectiveness: Examination of the TEAM Assessment Tool." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2007. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3990/.
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The present study evaluates the psychometric properties of the TEAM Assessment Tool. The assessment was developed to evaluate work team effectiveness as a basis for providing developmental feedback for work teams. The proposed TEAM Assessment Tool includes 12 dimensions of work team effectiveness with 90 items total. The dimension names are (a) Communication, (b) Decision-Making, (c) Performance, (d) Customer Focus, (e) Team Meetings, (f) Continuous Improvement, (g) Handling Conflict, (h) Leadership, (i) Empowerment, (j) Trust, (k) Cohesiveness/Team Relationships, and (l) Recognition and Rewards. Data were collected from employees of a large aerospace organization headquartered in the United States who are participating in work teams (N= 554). Factor analysis guided development of six new scales of team effectiveness as follows: (1) Teamwork, (2) Decision-Making, (3) Leadership Support, (4) Trust and Respect, (5) Recognition and Rewards, and (6) Customer Focus. Reliability of scales was demonstrated using Cronbach's coefficient alpha. Construct validity was demonstrated through subject matter expert (SME) input, exploratory factor analysis, and scale reliability analysis. Criterion validity was demonstrated by significant correlations at the p<.01 level comparing two measures of team member opinion of team performance and level of performance as indicated by the six subscale scores and overall scale scores of the final TEAM Assessment Tool.
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Portillo, Benedict I. "High temperature oxidation behavior of the Nb-W-Cr system and response of boron additions." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2008. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.
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Kakarlapudi, Purushotham Raju. "High temperature oxidation response of Nb-20W-10Cr alloy in air." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2008. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.
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Petla, Harita. "Computational design of ultra-high temperature ceramic composite materials." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2008. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.
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Renova, Elvia Paola. "Simulated annealing algorithms for the optimization of particulate composite structures analyzed by X-FEM." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2008. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.
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Anderson, Andrew Richard. "A relationship under strain : the FSX fighter and the Japan-US alliance." Thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/114564.
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On the 3rd of March 1990, Japanese Prime Minister Toshiki
Kaifu and President George Bush met in Palm Springs,
California, to discuss ways to ease the strained Japan-US
relationship. They discussed the fate of both the security
alliance and the trade relationship. Central to the
discussion were concerns to reduce the American $49 billion
trade deficit with Japan and plans to reduce the US troop
numbers in Asia by ten percent (from 120,000) or about 5,000
troops in Japan. The trade relationship, currently in a
"showdown" stage, faces considerable friction ahead because
under the Super "301" clause of the 1988 Omnibus trade bill
retaliatory action is required against specified countries
(Japan) if progress is not made towards the importation of
designated products (lumber, satellites, and supercomputers)
by a specified date (June 16, 1990). The Super "301" clause
sets deadlines in an ongoing dispute that has years of "no-results"
precedents. Setting deadlines creates possible
flash points in the Japanese-American relationship.
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Almeida, Adriane Gomes Fernandes de. "Autonomia como ação : cooperação entre Argentina e Brasil no setor aeroespacial entre 2003-2010 /." São Paulo, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/181036.
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Orientador: Samuel Alves SoaresBanca: Eduardo Mariutti
Banca: Daniel Blinder
O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Relações Internacionais é instituído em parceria com a Unesp/Unicamp/PUC-SP, em projeto subsidiado pela CAPES, intitulado "Programa San Tiago Dantas"
Resumo: A presente dissertação é baseada na temática da cooperação entre Argentina e Brasil no setor aeroespacial e foi estruturada a partir do seguinte problema de pesquisa: de que modo a busca pela autonomia e a existência da histórica rivalidade influenciam os projetos de cooperação entre Argentina e Brasil no campo aeroespacial? Buscou-se, enquanto objetivos específicos, compreender os fatores que promoveram o início das atividades aeroespacial dos dois países e o que significa a busca pela autonomia nesse setor; desenvolver uma visão diacrônica do histórico do âmbito aeroespacial brasileiro e argentino, de modo a identificar os atores e as questões políticas e econômicas que se destacam no processo e; analisar a dinâmica histórica da relação bilateral e a presença da noção de rivalidade na mesma. Com base na síntese desses elementos, propõe-se um modelo de análise sobre os projetos conjuntos no setor aeroespacial, tendo em vista as duas questões de fundo que constituem a relação bilateral: a busca pela autonomia e a noção de rivalidade. Para tanto, foram utilizados como fontes documentos primários disponibilizados pelo Ministério das Relações Exteriores, principalmente os acordos de cooperação, e os relatórios anuais de gestão das instituições envolvidas. Ademais, por meio da Lei de Acesso à Informação, foram encaminhadas solicitações com o propósito de solucionar dúvidas mais específicas dos projetos que não constavam nos acordos disponíveis online e para ter acesso às atas dos... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The present dissertation is based on the cooperation between Argentina and Brazil in the aero-space sector and was structured according to the following research problem: how the quest for autonomy and the historical existence of rivalry influence the cooperation projects be-tween Argentina and Brazil in the aerospace field? It was sought, as specific objectives, to understand the factors that contribute to the beginning of the aerospace activities of the two countries and what means the quest for autonomy in this sector; develop a diachronic vision of the argentinean and brazilian aerospace history, in order to identify the actors and the polit-ical and economic issues that stand out in the process; the analysis of the bilateral relationship and the presence of the notion of rivalry. Based on the synthesis of these elements, it is pro-posed an analysis model of the joint projects in the aerospace sector, considering the two fun-damental issues that constitute the relationship: the quest for autonomy and the notion of ri-valry. For this purpose, primary documents provided by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, mainly cooperation agreements, and annual management reports of the institutions involved were used as sources. In addition, through the Access to Information Law, requests were sent with the purpose of solving more specific questions of the projects that were not included in the agreements available online and to have access to the minutes of the working groups re-sponsib... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Resumen: La presente disertación se basa en la temática de la cooperación entre Argentina y Brasil en el sector aeroespacial y se ha estructurado a partir del siguiente problema de investigación: ¿de qué modo la búsqueda por la autonomía y la existencia de la rivalidade histórica influencian los proyectos de cooperación entre Argentina y Brasil en el campo aeroespacial? Se buscó, como objetivos específicos, comprender los factores que promovieron el inicio de las actividades aeroespaciales de los dos países y lo que significa la búsqueda de la autonomía en ese sector; desarrollar una visión diacrónica del histórico del ámbito aeroespacial brasileño y argentino, para identificar a los actores y las cuestiones políticas y económicas que se destacan en el proceso y; analizar la dinámica histórica de la relación bilateral y la presencia de la noción de rivalidad. Con base en la síntesis de estos elementos, se propone un modelo de análisis sobre los proyectos conjuntos en el sector aeroespacial, teniendo en cuenta las dos cuestiones de fondo que constituyen la relación bilateral: la búsqueda por la autonomía y la noción de rivalidad. Para esto, se utilizaron como fuentes documentos primarios ofrecidos por el Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, principalmente los acuerdos de cooperación, y los informes anuales de gestión de las instituciones implicadas. Además, por medio de la Ley de Acceso a la Información, se encaminaron solicitudes con el propósito de solucionar dudas más específicas de... (Resumen completo clicar acceso eletrônico abajo)
Mestre
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Hiriart, Thomas. "Two studies in statistical data analysis for the space industry: cyclicality in the industry, and comparative satellite reliability analysis." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/36533.
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This thesis brings statistical analyses techniques to bear on data derived from an extensive database of satellite launches and on-orbit anomalies and failures. The data collected is analyzed from two different perspectives and addresses, in two separate studies, two research objectives.
The first study proposes to identify trends and cyclical patterns in the space industry, and to forecast the volume of launches for the next few years. Satellites have been rightfully described as the lifeblood of the entire space industry and the number of satellites ordered or launched per year is an important defining metric of the industry's level of activity. The structure of the space industry, its financial health and its workforce retention and development is dependent on the volume of satellites contracted. As such, trends and variability in this volume have significant strategic impact on the space industry. Over the past 40+ years, hundreds of satellites have been launched every year. Thus, an important data set is available for time series analysis and identification of trends and cycles in the various markets of the space industry. For the purpose of this first study, we collected data for over 6,000 satellites launched since 1960 on a yearly basis. We separated the satellites into three broad segments: 1) defense and intelligence satellites, 2) science satellites, and 3) commercial satellites. Several techniques are available for the analysis of time series data, both in the time domain and in the frequency domain. In this first study, we conducted spectral analysis of the time series for each of the three satellite populations and identified cycles contained in the data. In addition, once harmonic models were derived and fitted to the data, we built forecasting models of satellite launch volumes in the different market segments for the next few years. The potential implications of the results are discussed as a number of strategic matters for the space industry are contingent on the predictions or forecast of the volume of satellites contracted (the example of the U.S. auto industry is a solemn reminder of such possible strategic issues).
The second study uses the previously collected launch data, confined to Earth-orbiting satellites launched between 1990 and 2008, and expanded with the failure information and retirement of each satellite to conduct a comparative analysis of satellite reliability in GEO, LEO, and MEO orbits. Reliability has long been recognized as an essential consideration in the design of space systems. However, there is limited statistical analysis of satellite reliability based on actual flight data. The objective of this second study is to conduct nonparametric satellite reliability analysis, with orbit type as a covariate, and to explore appropriate parametric fits (Weibull, lognormal, and mixture distributions). The results indicate for example that differences exist between the failure behaviors of satellites in different orbits, or that satellite infant mortality exists or dominates more clearly in a particular orbit type. The findings can be useful to satellite manufacturers as they would provide an empirical basis for reviewing and adjusting satellite testing and burn-in procedures.
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Gargiulo, Flavio Riva. "Indústria de construção aeronáutica, o caso da EMBRAER: história e avaliação." Fundação Getulio Vargas, 2008. https://web.bndes.gov.br/bib/jspui/handle/1408/10294.
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A indústria de construção aeronáutica se caracteriza pelo elevado montante de recursos movimentados, pela utilização de tecnologias avançadas e trabalho qualificado, bem como pela sua forte vocação exportadora. O atendimento à rígidos padrões de confiabilidade do produto e a exigência de atendimento pós venda em nível mundial associadas às demais características mencionadas estabelecem barreiras significativas à entrada de novos concorrentes. Esses fatores vêm sendo utilizados como fundamentação para a defesa de políticas governamentais de incentivos, gerando diversas contendas internacionais ao longo das últimas décadas. O mercado de construção de aeronaves comerciais é dominado por quatro empresas: BOEING, AIRBUS, EMBRAER E BOMBARDIER. Criada em 1969 como sociedade de economia mista, a EMBRAER é um dos únicos casos (no setor) de entrante com sucesso, ao longo das últimas décadas. Após uma fase inicial, impulsionada, entre outros, por encomendas governamentais, a empresa acumulou capacitação técnica, de organização da fabricação e gerencial, tornando-se um competidor importante nessa indústria. Após obter sucesso com vários produtos, a EMBRAER passou a enfrentar dificuldades crescentes, decorrentes não somente da queda de demanda, como também de sucessivos prejuízos causados por projetos equivocados. A empresa, privatizada em 1994, ajustou sua estrutura, expandiu sua base comercial e industrial, passando a atuar em mais de 60 países. A indústria de construção aeronáutica, com foco no mercado de aviação civil e o desempenho da EMBRAER, antes e após a privatização, ocorrida em 1994, são o objeto deste trabalho.The aircraft manufacturing industry is characterized by the high amount of resources involved in the activity, the use of advanced technologies, skilled work, and for its strong export vocation. In addition to these characteristics, the attention to rigid standards of reliability and the need of post-venda attendance worldwide provide significant barriers to entry for new competitors. These aspects have been used by governmental authorities to justify incentive policies and subsidies, resulting in several international commercial disputes over recent decades. The market is dominated by four companies: BOEING, AIRBUS, EMBRAER and BOMBARDIER. Created in 1969 as public-private company, EMBRAER is one of the few cases (in the industry) of successful new competitor, over the last few decades. After an initial period of relevant governmental orders, the company acquired technical knowledge, good manufacturing organization and business management, becoming a major competitor in the industry. Although obtaining success with several products, EMBRAER faced growing difficulties, related not only to a weak demand period, but also from successive losses caused unsuccessful projects. Privatized in 1994, the company has adjusted its structure, expanded its commercial and industrial base, operating nowadays in over than 60 countries. The aircraft manufacturing industry focusing on the market of civil aircraft sector and the performance of EMBRAER, before and after privatization occurred in 1994, are the object of this work.
Dissertação (mestrado) - Fundação Getulio Vargas, Escola de Pós-Graduação em Economia, Mestrado em Finanças e Economia Empresarial, Rio de Janeiro, 2008.
Bibliografia: p. 106
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Magalhães, Marcos Simas. "Configuração de uma rede de distribuição e de serviços na indústria aeronáutica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3148/tde-01072009-135530/.
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A empresa estudada desenvolve, fabrica e suporta aeronaves para os mercados comercial, executivo e de defesa, e está no processo de desenvolvimento de novos aviões executivos. Para suportar esta frota no mercado americano, está sendo desenvolvida uma nova rede de distribuição de peças de reposição e de serviços de manutenção. Este trabalho tem como objetivo definir a quantidade e localização dos centros de serviço (CS) e a localização do centro de distribuição (CD). Para isso foram considerados os níveis de estoque de peças de reposição em cada local, de modo a minimizar os custos de transporte e manutenção de estoque e atender os níveis de serviço estabelecidos de forma alinhada à estratégia competitiva e à de cadeia de suprimentos. Os métodos empregados foram simulação, para avaliação de cada alternativa, e meta-heurísticas, para busca das melhores soluções.The evaluated company develops, manufactures and supports aircraft for the commercial, executive and military markets, and is developing new products for the executive market. In order to support this fleet in the American market, a new spare parts distribution and maintenance services network is being developed. This work has the objective of defining the quantity and location of service centers and the location of the distribution center of this network. To do that the spare parts inventory levels in each location were taken in consideration in order to minimize transportation and inventory carrying costs and attend the established service levels in an alignment with the competitive and supply chain strategies. The methods employed were simulation, to evaluate each alternative, and meta-heuristics, to search for the best solutions.
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Diaz, Rey. "MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS FIT FOR ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2007. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3380.
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The present study identifies the dimensions and variables using prior research within each of the constructs under the management systems, fit and, organizational strategy, structure, lifecycle and performance. The constructs from the research model were defined with a combination of direct, calculated and coded measures. Context analysis for each case categorized management systems design into either prescriptive or descriptive. The selected performance measures have been extensively investigated in the research fields associated with organizational management. The study uses the multiple case study design with cross-sectional data spanning from 1991 to 2005 and involving 19 aerospace companies in the United States. A priori hypothesized relationships between the constructs were tested with Mann-Whitney procedures for differences between mean ranks associated with organizational performance measures. The results from Mann-Whitney tests suggest that there exist significant differences in organizational performance from fit factors between a management system design and the organization. Present study defined organizational performance measures for analysis in terms of Return on Assets, Return on Equity and Return on Investment. When compared to a prescriptive management system design, a descriptive management system design was associated with higher levels of organizational performance. Cases with a fit state were found to score significantly higher than cases with unfit state suggesting that a correct fit state is associated with higher levels of organizational performance. A fit state was associated with higher levels of performance when each of the organizational factors for strategy, structure and lifecycle were aligned to management system design. Study results suggest equifinality as cases reached a particular fit state with differing combinations of fit factors. The study contributes to the field with interpretation of a fit model and key relationship between management systems and performance providing the base for future research efforts associated with management systems, organizational factors and the fit between them.Ph.D.
Department of Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
Engineering and Computer Science
Industrial Engineering PhD
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Ashry, Mahmoud Mohamed. "Control of multivariable aerospace and industrial systems." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.504785.
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This thesis presents theoretical and practical issues of local optimal control, which is one of the advanced control methods. It can be counted as an optimal modelbased multivariable control technique. The main contributions of this work can be summarized as follows. A comparative robustness study of local optimal controller with other conventional controllers is performed for gas turbine engine as a multivariable system. As the original local optimal control is incapable to deal with non-minimum phase systems, a modified local optimal control is proposed to deal with non-minimum phase systems as well as minimum phase systems. The local optimal controller performance is investigated for reduced order models. Because of its effectiveness, genetic algorithm is used with certain predefined controller structures as an alternative method to estimate the controller parameters without obtaining the model parameters. A new tuning technique of digital PID controller is introduced for both multivariable and single-input single-output systems based on the relations deduced with the local optimal controller. As such, the PID controller is turned into model-based controller. As tlie PIO and the local optimal controller are model based multivariable controllers, their parameters can be tuned online based on online identification techniques. The recursive lease squares algorithm is used as an online . closed loop identification technique to achieve such online tuning of those controller parameters. Local optimal controller is generalized to deal with non-linear systems as a non-linear controller. Most of the above techniques are tested on a laboratory-based test rig.
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Krishna, Yelisetty Sree Rama. "Proposta de modelo de gestão da qualidade nos fornecedores do setor aeroespacial." [s.n.], 2001. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/264326.
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Orientador: Oswaldo Luiz AgostinhoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica
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Resumo: Este trabalho apresenta um modelo conceitual de gestão e metodologia sistematizada para a implantação da qualidade nos requisitos de certificação de fornecedores do Setor Aeroespacial, levando-se em conta as normas ISO 9000, ISO 14000 e critérios de PNQ (Prêmio Nacional de Qualidade). Apresenta também resultados do estudo Benchmarking e análises dos critérios de qualificação dos fornecedores, das empresas "Referenciais de Excelência" como: EMBRAER, MECTRON, MARINHA e HELIBRAS, no que se refere à qualidade de fornecedores e faz uma comparação com sistema de qualidade dos fornecedores do CTA/IAE. O suporte tecnológico foi fornecido principalmente pelo Instituto de Aeronáutica e Espaço - IAE, um dos componentes do Centro Tecnológico Aeroespacial - CTA
Abstract: This work presents a conceptnal model of administration and systematic methodology for the implementation of the quality requisites and certification of the suppliers in Aerospace Sector, considering ISO 9000 roles and criterion of PNQ (Prêmio Nacional de Quualidade). It also presents results from the Benchmarking study as well as companies criterion analysis "Best in case", such as: EMBRAER, MECTRON, BRAZILIAN NA VY and HELIBRÁS, referring to suppliers quality and CT A/IAE quality system comparison
Mestrado
Engenharia de Fabricação
Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
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Nortje, Hermann. "An investigation of fretting wear in aerospace applications." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/17851.
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Thesis (MScEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2011.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Fretting wear results in the loss of fit and tolerance at contact interfaces. The aerospace and aircraft industry is severely impacted by fretting wear and fretting fatigue that frequently occurs in turbo machinery and riveted structural connections. There have been numerous studies, investigating the fretting phenomenon for these aerospace applications. Literature available in regard to fretting wear encountered in these aerospace applications is limited. This study is therefore aimed at investigating the fretting wear encountered in aerospace application. An in-house fretting test apparatus was specially designed and developed in order to perform the fretting wear experiments. Ti-6Al-4V and Al7075-T6 are the two aerospace materials that were tested using the fretting test apparatus. An extensive experimental study was conducted in order to investigate the effect of the normal force on the fretting wear and friction behaviour of the two aerospace materials. The most severe of these experiments were identified and then repeated for up to 106 fretting cycles. Additional fretting wear experiments were also conducted between the two aerospace materials and cemented carbides, since the carbides are currently being utilized as coatings in some aerospace contacts that are prone to fretting induced damage. The experimental study revealed that a decrease in the normal force resulted in an increase in the severity of the fretting wear of both aerospace materials. The additional fretting wear experiments involving carbide-metal contact couples found that Ti-6Al-4V and Al7075-T6 were prone to adhesive wear.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Knaagslytasie veroorsaak materiaalverlies by die kontakoppervlakke. Die lugvaart industrie is erg geraak deur knaagslytasie en knaaguitputting wat dikwels voorkom in turbo-enjin toepassings en strukturele verbindings. Daar was al talle studies gedoen oor die effek van knaag op lugvaart toepassings. Literatuur met betrekking tot knaagslytasie in lugvaart toepassings is egter beperk. Hierdie studie was dus gemik daarop om knaagslytasie in sekere lugvaart toepassings te ondersoek. Tydens die studie is ʼn toetsopstelling ontwerp en ontwikkel om knaagslytasie eksperimente uit te voer. Ti-6Al-4V en Al7075-T6 is die twee lugvaartmateriale wat ondersoek is met behulp van die toetsopstelling. ʼn Omvattende eksperimentele studie is gedoen om die effek van die normaal krag op knaagslytasie en die wrywings gedrag van die lugvaartmateriale te ondersoek. Die eksperimente wat die ergste slytasie en hoogste wrywing getoon het, is herhaal vir 106 siklusse. Bykomende knaag eksperimente was ook tussen die twee lugvaartmateriale en sekere karbiede gedoen, aangesien karbiede tans as deklae in sommige lugvaart kontakte gebruik word. Die eksperimentele studie het getoon dat 'n afname in die normale krag gelei het tot 'n toename in wrywing vir beide lugvaartmateriale. Die bykomende knaagslytasie eksperimente op karbied metaal pare het getoon dat Ti-6Al-4V en Al7075-T6twee lugvaart materiale nie in staat was om enige van die karbide te beskadig nie. Die lug-en Ruimte-materiaal aan die ander kant ervaar het kwaadaardige dra.
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McGuire, Steven M. "Airbus Industrie : EC - US trade diplomacy, 1970-1992." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308873.
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Hall, Alexander. "Förbättringsstrukturen DMAIC tillämpat på ett ergonomiproblem vid industriell komponentrengöring hos GKN Aerospace." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-65347.
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GKN Aerospace Engine Systems i Trollhättan tillverkar bland annat en low-pressure turbine (LPT) case till flygplansmotorer. I slutet av produktionsprocessen av komponenten genomfördes en manuell rengöring som syftade till att tvätta bort smuts som uppkommit under tillverkningen, inte minst från kantbrytning, aktiviteten precis innan rengöringen. För operatörerna, vars uppgift var att manuellt tvätta bort denna smuts, var rengöringen fysiskt krävande och frambringade belastningsskador i armbågar, axlar och rygg. Syftet med detta examensarbete var att empiriskt utreda om DMAIC kan användas för att förbättra både arbetsmiljö och lönsamhet inom samma projekt vid en tillverkningsprocess som har problem med ergonomi. Därför genomfördes en fallstudie på GKN med målet att genom DMAIC definiera och beskriva arbetsmiljöproblemet vid rengöringen av LPT case, samt att ge förslag på ett koncept som skulle förbättra arbetsmiljön vid rengöringen och som samtidigt var ekonomiskt lönsam genom att minska kostnader och öka effektiviteten i tillverkningsprocessen på GKN. Resultatet av att använda DMAIC var ett nytt koncept där rengöring automatiseras i samma aktivitet som våtgradning. Konceptet döptes till våtgradning och robotrengöring (VOR). Våtgradning innebär att mer kylvätska används vid kantbrytning. Därefter genomför samma robot en tvättoperation genom att byta verktyg och vätska. VOR skulle ersätta både kantbrytning och manuell rengöring i produktionsprocessen. Effekterna av VOR blev ej verifierade. Men den tilltänka fördelen med konceptet är framförallt att arbetsmiljöproblemet försvinner eftersom det inte längre skulle finnas behov för manuell rengöring. Utöver det skulle konceptet även ge upphov till eventuella kostnadsbesparingar genom att: Rengöringen kunde genomföras snabbare och mer förutsägbart. Flödeseffektiviteten i produktionsprocessen kunde öka då produkter i arbete (PIA) skulle minska som i sin tur skulle minska kapitalbindningen. Våtgradning är en effektivare form av kantbrytning som skulle minska operationstiden och verktygsförbrukningen. För att implementera VOR behövde en ny robotcell köpas in som kunde hantera kyl- och rengöringsvätska. En sådan cell skulle kosta flera miljoner SEK, men potentiella kostnadsbesparingar skulle återbetala investeringen på 3 år, enligt en grov kostnadskalkyl. Därför indikerar detta att DMAIC kan användas för att förbättra både arbetsmiljö och lönsamhet. Dock behöver VOR implementeras i produktionen för att säkerställa effekterna och med säkerhet kunna påstå att DMAIC verkligen kan användas för att förbättra både arbetsmiljö och lönsamhet inom samma projekt vid en tillverkningsprocess som har problem med ergonomi.
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Gianzina-Kassotaki, Olga. "Ambidexterity and leadership : a multilevel analysis of the aerospace and defense organizations." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2017. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/95904/.
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The global security concerns combined with the emergence of firms operating at international level have intensified the competition among companies in the aerospace and defense sector. In this challenging business environment, the adoption of organizational ambidexterity could provide a company with the key advantage in dealing with the increasing competitive forces. Organizational ambidexterity, which denotes the simultaneous use of exploration and exploitation in organizations, ensures both short-term profitable operation through the exploitation of successful current products and long-term survival through the exploration of innovative solutions for future customer needs. According to ambidexterity and leadership literatures, transformational and transactional leadership styles, which constitute ambidextrous leadership behaviors, promote ambidexterity across multiple levels of the organization’s structure and become key elements for the successful implementation of organizational ambidexterity. This enactment of ambidexterity across levels constitutes ambidexterity penetration, a term first introduced in this study. In this context, this study attempts to address research gaps in the ambidextrous leadership research by linking the micro-level leadership styles with the macro-level corporate structure and environment by investigating: (a) how ambidexterity penetrates across multiple levels vertically and horizontally, (b) which tensions emerge from ambidexterity penetration and how they are managed, and finally (c) whether the type and size of the particular organizational setting is related to this ambidexterity penetration. To address these research questions, a dual case study research framework was used by analyzing data collected from: (a) a governmental organization with multiple business units dispersed throughout Europe, and (b) three aerospace and defense companies of different sizes with multiple business units in Europe and the United States. Data from 44 confidential, face-to-face and e-mail interviews, along with published archival information, was collected, compiled, and analyzed in the course of two years. The diversity of the studied business units in terms of type and size, and the compilation of data across multiple corporate levels (CEO to employee) provided a unique setting to uncover key findings that highlight the challenges and accomplishments of ambidextrous leadership in corporate and governmental organizational structures. The systematic, multi-level analysis of the collected data revealed variations in ambidexterity penetration across multiple levels of management in different types of organizations as a result of corporate culture and environmental constraints. However, in most cases, the analysis also uncovered: (a) similar characteristics of low horizontal, but high vertical penetration of ambidexterity, mainly due to their inflexible organizational structure, (b) prevailing transactional (exploitative) leadership style, as their leaders appear to act mostly as ambidextrous managers, (c) ambidexterity penetration across multiple levels via similar processes irrespective of type and size of each organization, and finally (d) the key role of middle management as a cohesive link within the firm’s structure that enables the ambidexterity penetration across management levels. In conclusion, this study contributes at the intersections of ambidexterity and leadership research in the context of the aerospace and defense sector and offers a timely empirical investigation of the competing challenges that these firms are called upon to face in the light of the emerging global security challenges and the subsequent vast investment in resources and capital.
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Hladký, Ján. "Aerospace Clustering and its role in economic performance." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-201908.
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This dissertation thesis evaluates the role of aerospace clustering in the economic output. The focus on the clusters is based on the already existing theory, namely Michael Porter's book The Competitive Advantage of Nations in which he named clustering as one of the four essential factors that define the economic competitiveness of a country. On the other hand, the aerospace industry shows a huge potential with growing markets in Asia and in the run of the next decades, space exploration has to be reckoned with. In order to give a support to this theory and apply it to aerospace, a two stage analysis has been conducted. Firstly, Leontief's Input-Output analysis has been conducted, to show the importance of exports from this industry. Secondly, a model proposed by Hausmann et al. in 2007 has been adjusted to observe the productivity of aerospace commodities. The results of these analyses are positive and they give evidence to the importance of aerospace clustering. Moreover, they give merits to policy-makers' actions in this area.
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Thomas, Angus W. "Parameter development for the MIG welding of high strength aerospace aluminium alloys." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2000. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/10762.
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Both dip and pulsed modes of metal transfer were investigated to establish which method produced the better bead geometry and penetration on 2024 and 2014 aluminium alloys using 2319 filler wire. The MIG electrode configuration used was electrode positive, which provides cathodic cleaning for aluminium alloys. Some initial work was also carried out using 6013 with 2319 as the consumable. A second part of the project involved the investigation of different combinations of shielding gas, and during both this and the previous task it was necessary to adjust the welding parameters to achieve acceptable welds. Initially, visual inspection and measurement of bead geometry were used for analysing the welds, but macrographs/micrographs, radiographs, hardness profiles and tensile tests were carried out to look more closely at the welds, once acceptable bead geometry and penetration was obtained. The microstructure was investigated to ascertain the extent of any porosity and chemical changes that might affect the mechanical performance of the joint by depletion of alloying elements in the HAZ. Pulse mode metal transfer improved the weld properties in comparison with the use of dip mode and was therefore used for all the work following the first section. During the work relating to shielding gas composition it was found that a 30% helium balance argon shielding gas produced the best results. It was observed during the speed trials that porosity increased with speeds in the region of 1000mm/min and also below 650mm/min. Pulse frequency and pulse time seemed to affect the arc performance and also influenced the levels of porosity. The need to thoroughly clean the joint area was also seen to be paramount in reducing porosity to a minimum. Hardness profiles indicated a dip in hardness just inside the HZ adjacent to the fusion line, with all tensile specimens failing at this point when the beads were left on. The tensile results carried out on 1.6mm 2024 at Cranfield using 30% helium in the shielding gas produced UTS strengths equivalent to 85% compared to parent metal strength, while those performed by Shorts produced UTS results up to 89%. This indicates an increase in strength over previous published results of 100%. Ibbotson cites two sets of TIG welds having UTS values of 191 and 194 MPa equivalent to 42% compared to parent metal strength while the welds produced at Cranfield using 30% helium in the shielding gas were 402 l\/IPa, equivalent to 86%. The tensile results for the 2mm 2014 aluminium alloy were even better, producing UTS results equivalent to 94% compared to the parent metal. With the 2014 alloys Ibbotson cites two sets of welds in both TIG and MIG and here UTS results were 221 and 243 MPa, equivalent to 55% compared to parent metal i ABSTRACT MIG Welding Aluminium alloys strength, while similar welds produced at Cranfield were 395MPa equivalent to 94%. The fractographs for this showed the start of a shear fracture indicating that the strength was nearing that of the parent material. Against these results even the thick section ]2.7mm 7150 welds having a UTS of 347MPa equivalent to 58% compared to parent metal strength look quite promising. The time trials relating to the natural age hardening process on 2024 welds confirmed that they achieve their maximum strength after 30 days, increasing by some 15% from half an hour after welding to 30 days. The use of thick section materials in the form of 12mm 2024 and 12.7mm 7150 became a requirement during the latter stages of the project with the investigation into the use of a number of commercially available filler wires dominating the research. Post weld heat treatment was seen to improve the strength of the welded joints when employing several different filler wires, but when incorporating a dual post weld heat treatment with 7150 using 1.6 5180 filler wire a marked improvement was observed. Arc monitoring techniques were used in the form of Arcwatch to log the arc voltage and welding current values, and a number of statistical evaluations were conducted during the project using the Arcwatch data. Geometrical data relating to weld bead dimensions was collected at numerous stages throughout the research and employed to build a joint prediction statistical model. This provides the end user with a means of process parameter selection and a visualisation of the influence of parameter variation on weld bead geometry. It has clearly been demonstrated that it is possible to produce viable welds using the MIG welding process with electrode positive, with comparatively low heat inputs when using a number of different high strength aluminium alloys and different composition filler W1I`CS. This piece of research has involved the welding of high strength aluminium alloys that have, in the past been classified as difficult to weld and with the 7xxx series, regarded unweldable. The results illustrate a major advancement in the welding of high. strength aluminium alloys, represent a considerable improvement in the strengths obtained in weldments using these alloys and has encouraged the U aerospace industry to pursue further research in this field.
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Koen, Devan. "Investigation of novel cooling methods to enhance aerospace component manufacturing practices." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/18058.
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Thesis (MScEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2011.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aerospace industry actively pursues innovation, especially in materials and their use in new applications, to improve their aircraft as well as their competitive position. Ti-6Al-4V has been available now for more than 50 years. Yet, in the new generation of aircraft using structural composites, a dramatic increase in the proportion of Ti-6Al-4V will be seen along with emerging application in automotive and chemical industries. This material possesses superior material properties compared to conventional materials such as steel and aluminium, although it is at the expense of machinability. Researchers are therefore actively searching for improved cutting technologies to improve production rates for Ti-6Al-4V. At higher cutting speeds than the industry norm of 60 - 90 m/min, machining becomes a challenge, resulting in low productivity on titanium parts. The limiting factor in the machining of Ti-6Al-4V is high tool temperatures of the order of 1000oC, caused by its resistance to absorb heat and good mechanical strength at elevated temperatures. The result is extreme temperatures that are concentrated on the cutting edge of the tool. The challenge to improve the tool life is therefore focused on removing heat from the insert. Liquid nitrogen was identified as a good candidate as coolant with the additional advantage of being environmentally friendly. The research presented investigates the use of a gravity feed enclosed liquid nitrogen cooling system to improve the tool life of the cutting inserts. The liquid nitrogen is contained on the insert rake face by means of a tool cap. To improve the effectiveness of the cooling method, a polycrystalline diamond (PCD) insert was used. This insert has a considerably higher thermal conductivity that aids in cooling the cutting edge. Tungsten carbide inserts are used for benchmark testing. The round tungsten carbide inserts with conventional cooling performed exceptionally well for machining titanium compared to square inserts, yielding exceptional tool life improvements while significantly increasing the material removal rate. Positive results were recorded with the liquid nitrogen cooling system when used with the polycrystalline diamond cutting insert. A number of far reaching performance issues are identified relating to the design of the tool cap that hindered clear scientific outputs. From a research perspective, the project makes a contribution to the knowledge base in this field. Additionally a new approach in cooling was investigated, resulting in clear indications of design changes required.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die lugvaart industrie streef aktief innovasie na, veral op die gebied van materiale en hul gebruike, om hul vliegtuie en kompeterende posisie in die mark te verbeter. Ti-6Al-4V is al vir meer as 50 jaar beskikbaar. ‘n Drastiese verhoging in die aanvraag na Ti-6Al-4V deur die lugvaart, motor en chemiese industrieë word verwag wanneer die volgende geslag vliegtuie wat koolstofvesel as strukturele materiaal begin gebruik, in produksie gaan. Die materiaal het beter materiaaleienskappe as konvensionele materiale soos staal en aluminium, maar dit kom egter teen die prys van masjieneerbaarheid. Ti-6Al-4V se masjienering bo die industrie norm van 60 – 90m/min is ‘n groot uitdaging. Navorsers soek daarom deurentyd na verbeterde sny tegnologieë om die produksie tempo van Ti-6Al-4V te verbeter. Die beperkende faktor vir Ti-6Al-4V masjienering is die temperatuur wat genereer word. Die weerstand van die materiaal om hitte te absorbeer en sy goeie meganiese eienskappe veroorsaak dat temperature in die beitel 1000oC bereik. Hierdie temperature word egter op die snykant van die beitel gekonsentreer. Die uitdaging is dus om hierdie temperature in die beitel te beheer. Vloeibare stikstof is geïdentifiseer as ‘n goeie kandidaat vir verkoeling met die bykomende voordeel dat dit omgewingsvriendelik is. Die navorsing wat hier uiteengesit word, ondersoek die gebruik van ‘n geslote kamer beitelverkoelingstelsel wat deur gravitasie met vloeibare stikstof voorsien word om die beitel leeftyd te verbeter. Die oppervlak van die beitel word in hierdie konsep direk aan die vloeibare stikstof blootgestel. Om die effektiwiteit van die stelsel te verbeter word van PCD beitels gebruik gemaak. Die beitel se verbeterde hittegeleidingsvermoë help om die beitel se snykant koel te hou. Tungstenkarbied beitels word gebruik om ‘n standaard te stel vir eksperimentele analise. Die ronde tungstenkarbied beitels en konvensionele verkoeling het verstommend goed presteer vir Ti-6A-4V masjienering in vergelyking met vierkantige beitels. Die materiaalverwyderingstempo is aansienlik verhoog sonder om die beitel se leeftyd in te boet. Positiewe resultate is waargeneem met die vloeibare stikstof sisteem saam met die PCD beitels. ‘n Aantal verreikende uitdagings is geïdentifiseer wat suiwer wetenskaplike afleidings bemoeilik. Hierdie probleme kan almal aan die ontwerp van die toerusting toegeskryf word. Die werk lewer egter steeds ‘n bydrae tot die kennis in die veld. ‘n Bykomende benadering vir verkoeling is ondersoek wat duidelik ontwerp-veranderings aandui.
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Finch, John Howard. "A theoretical and empirical inquiry into changing industrial organisation : the case of aerospace production." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.337347.
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Anokye-Siribor, Kwame. "An analytical model for pressbrake forming using in-process identification of aerospace material characteristics." Thesis, University of Ulster, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298630.
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Etheridge, Tom. "A structural design process for a next generation aerospace design environment." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2005. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/72036/.
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The current structural sizing process used to design military aircraft was developed when the emphasis was on the design of the most advanced products possible, with the customer bearing the associated risks of its development. However the marketplace has evolved into where the customer expects ‘better, cheaper, faster’ products and at a lower degree of risk. It is not clear if the current structural design processes meet the needs of this type of market. This work argues that the current proprietary process should be replaced by one that is more flexible, allowing the company to adapt its current structural sizing process to meet the needs of a particular product. It includes a study of the current and future engineering environment within a ‘typical’ airframe design organisation. It looked at the current use of structural optimisation technology throughout the design lifecycle and identified barriers to the potential benefits of wider use. Two existing elements of the organisation’s in-house toolset were adapted to size components and the results compared against the literature. This provided an insight into the toolset and the development of proprietary tools. Finally a multilevel ‘global-local’ sizing approach was developed and studied as an alternative to the current, more tightly coupled, somewhat ‘monolithic’, sizing system. Strength, stability and stiffness design criteria were considered. Automation of the process was also considered and compared against the existing sizing process. It was found that the current labour intensive sizing process could be improved upon using some simple techniques. Based on this a future structural sizing process is suggested which could be implemented using in-house or commercially available tools.
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De, Bruyn Ruan. "Improving and implementing advanced milling techniques for the manufacture of selected titanium aerospace parts." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96139.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: There is a strong focus on the use of titanium and its alloys in the aerospace industry due to the high ultimate tensile strength and high strength-to-weight ratio of the material. The high performance nature of the material also makes it difficult and costly to machine. South Africa has the second most abundant titanium resources in the world in the form of rutile and ilmenite but no value chain to produce titanium parts from the ore. Currently, the ore is sold overseas at low prices. There exists an initiative to create a full titanium value chain in South Africa by the Department of Science and Technology. This project forms part of this initiative, where local industry is equipped with knowledge and skills to produce and machine titanium parts. The focus of this study is to determine whether it is possible to machine titanium aerospace parts at a local industry partner and equip the industry partner with knowledge and skills in order to facilitate effective and economical machining of these parts. Daliff Precision Engineering was selected as the local industry partner and specific demonstrator parts were selected on which to base the study. The process the industry partner currently uses to machine aerospace parts from difficult-to-machine alloys was studied and evaluated. It was found that about 70% of the machining time was spent on a single roughing process, hence the decision to study the roughing process in an attempt to establish whether improvement was possible. Pilot tests were done at the facilities of the industry partner and time savings of 95% were realised on the roughing process. A 2-level 3-factor Design of Experiments methodology was followed for experimentation and analysis of titanium machining at the industry partner. The roughing process of the demonstrator part was simulated on the CNC machining centre and the depth of cut, cutting speed and feed per tooth were selected as the factors, and the response was tool wear. A statistical analysis was done using Modde 9.1 design of experiments software and an optimisation model was created in order to determine a feasible set of cutting parameters, maximise material removal rate and have a target amount of tool wear. The findings show that it is possible to economically machine titanium aerospace parts with a selected geometry at the industry partner without the need for significant capital investments. The industry partner can use the knowledge generated in this project to validate their titanium machining capabilities and form part of the titanium value chain that is being developed in South Africa.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Daar is ‘n groot fokus op die gebruik van titaan allooie in die lugvaart nywerheid, as gevolg van die material se hoë trek-sterkte en hoë sterkte-tot-gewig verhouding. Die eienskappe wat die material so aantreklik maak, is ook die rede wat dit moeilik en duur maak om te masjineer. Suid-Afrika het die tweede grootste titaan reserwes in die wêreld in die vorm van rutiel en ilmeniet erts, maar geen waarde ketting om titaan onderdele te vervaardig van die erts af nie. Die erts word tans oorsee verkoop teen lae pryse. Daar is tans ‘n inisiatief om ‘n titaan waardeketting in Suid-Afrika te skep deur die Departement van Wetenskap en Tegnologie. Hierdie projek vorm deel van hierdie inisiatief om die plaaslike nywerheid toe te rus met kennis en vaardighede om titaan produkte te vervaardig. The fokus van hierdie studie is om te bepaal of dit moontlik is om titaan lugvaart onderdele te masjineer by ‘n plaaslike industrie-vennoot en om hierdie vennoot met kennis en vaardighede toe te rus om hierdie onderdele effektief en ekonomies te vervaardig. Daliff Precision Engineering is gekies as die plaaslike industrie-vennoot en spesifieke demonstrator onderdele is gekies om die studie op te baseer. Die proses wat die industrie-vennoot tans gebruik om moeilik-om-te-masjineer allooie te masjineer is bestudeer en ge-evalueer. Daar was bevind dat 70% van die masjineringstyd bestee word aan ‘n enkele uitrof-proses. Daar is besluit om vas te stel of die uitrof-proses verbeter kan word. Loods-eksperimente is gedoen by die industrie-vennoot se fasiliteite en ‘n tydsbesparing van 95% is gevind op die uitrof-proses. ‘n 2-Vlak 3-faktor eksperimentele ontwerp metodologie is gevolg om eksperimente by die industrie-vennoot op titaan uit te voer en te analiseer. Die uitrof-proses van die demonstrator onderdeel is gesimuleer op die CNC masjineringsentrum en die diepte van snit, snyspoed en voer per tand is gekies as die faktore en beitel-slytasie is gekies as die respons. ‘n Statistiese analise is gedoen deur Modde 9.1 eksperimentele ontwerp sagteware te gebruik om ‘n moontlike stel van sny-parameters te identifiseer om die materiaal-verwyderingstempo te maksimeer en die teiken waarde vir beitel-slytasie te bereik. Daar is gevind dat dit moontlik is on titaan lugvaart onderdele met ‘n spesifieke geometrie ekonomies te masjineer by die industrie-vennoot, sonder om enige beduidende kapitaal uitgawes aan te gaan. Die industrie-vennoot kan die kennis gebruik wat geskep is deur die projek om hulle titaan masjineringsvaardighede te valideer en om deel te vorm van die titaan waardeketting wat besig is om in Suid-Afrika ontwikkel te word.