Relevant bibliographies by topics / Aerosols Asia

Academic literature on the topic 'Aerosols Asia'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Aerosols Asia"

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Choi, Wonei, Hyeongwoo Kang, Dongho Shin, and Hanlim Lee. "Satellite-Based Aerosol Classification for Capital Cities in Asia Using a Random Forest Model." Remote Sensing 13, no. 13 (June 24, 2021): 2464. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13132464.

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Aerosol types in Asian capital cities were classified using a random forest (RF) satellite-based aerosol classification model during 2018–2020 in an investigation of the contributions of aerosol types, with or without Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) observations. In this study, we used the recently developed RF aerosol classification model to detect and classify aerosols into four types: pure dust, dust-dominated aerosols, strongly absorbing aerosols, and non-absorbing aerosols. Aerosol optical and microphysical properties for each aerosol type detected by the RF model were found to be reasonably consistent with those for typical aerosol types. In Asian capital cities, pollution-sourced aerosols, especially non-absorbing aerosols, were found to predominate, although Asian cities also tend to be seasonally affected by natural dust aerosols, particularly in East Asia (March–May) and South Asia (March–August). No specific seasonal effects on aerosol type were detected in Southeast Asia, where there was a predominance of non-absorbing aerosols. The aerosol types detected by the RF model were compared with those identified by other aerosol classification models. This study indicates that the satellite-based RF model may be used as an alternative in the absence of AERONET sites or observations.
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Zhu, Anbao, Haiming Xu, Jiechun Deng, Jing Ma, and Shuhui Li. "El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) effect on interannual variability in spring aerosols over East Asia." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 21, no. 8 (April 20, 2021): 5919–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-5919-2021.

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Abstract. Effects of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on the interannual variability in spring aerosols over East Asia are investigated using the Modern Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications Version 2 (MERRA-2) reanalysis aerosol data. Results show that the ENSO has a crucial effect on the spring aerosols over mainland South East Asia, southern China, and the ocean south of Japan. The above-normal (below-normal) aerosols are found over these regions during the ensuing spring of El Niño (La Niña). In contrast to the local aerosol diffusion in winter, the ENSO affects East Asian aerosols in the following spring mainly via the modulation of upstream aerosol generation and transport processes. The underlying physical mechanism is that during the ensuing spring of El Niño (La Niña), the dry (wet) air and reduced (enhanced) precipitation are beneficial for the increase (reduction) in biomass burning activities over northern mainland South East Asia, resulting in more (fewer) carbonaceous aerosol emissions. On the other hand, the anomalous anticyclone (cyclone) over the north-western Pacific (WNP) associated with El Niño (La Niña) enhances (weakens) the low-level south-westerly wind from northern mainland South East Asia to southern Japan, which transports more (less) carbonaceous aerosol downstream. Anomalous precipitation plays a role in reducing aerosols over the source region, but its washout effect over the downstream region is limited. The ENSO's impact on the ensuing spring aerosols is mainly attributed to the eastern Pacific ENSO rather than the central Pacific ENSO.
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Xiong, Jie, Tianliang Zhao, Yongqing Bai, Yu Liu, and Yongxiang Han. "Simulation and Analyses of the Potential Impacts of Different Particle-Size Dust Aerosols Caused by the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Desertification on East Asia." Sustainability 12, no. 8 (April 16, 2020): 3231. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12083231.

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In this paper on the analysis of the vertical distribution of different-diameter dust aerosols and the potential impacts on East Asia, the sensitivity simulation tests of dust aerosols during 2002–03 were conducted by changing the underlying surface on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in the global atmospheric circulation model Community Atmosphere Model (CAM) 3.1. The results show that dust aerosol particles in East Asia are mainly distributed in the diameters of 0.64–5.12 μm. The high concentrations of dust aerosols are centered on the surface in the source areas and gradually raised during the eastward transport across East Asia, reaching a height of 4 km at 120° E. The small dust particles with diameters less than 1.28 μm are transported higher and farther driven by the midlatitude westerlies. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau desertification leads to increasing concentrations of dust aerosols in all size bins and raisesthe transport height of dust aerosols in East Asia. The long-range transport in the East Asian troposphere is dominated by dust aerosols particles of diameters 0.64–2.56 μm, as well as a large contribution of dust aerosols with diameters larger than 1.28 μm.
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Jiang, X., M. C. Barth, C. Wiedinmyer, and S. T. Massie. "Influence of anthropogenic aerosols on the Asian monsoon: a case study using the WRF-Chem model." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 13, no. 8 (August 16, 2013): 21383–425. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-13-21383-2013.

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Abstract. Aerosols, in particular those related to anthropogenic activities, including black carbon, organic carbon, and sulfate aerosols, have been found to affect the Asian monsoon through direct and indirect aerosol radiative forcing. In this work, we use the coupled regional Weather Research and Forecasting model with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) to understand how aerosol changes from local emission sources could modulate the Asian monsoon precipitation through aerosol direct and indirect radiative effects. Our modeling results with the consideration of the local emissions show an improvement in simulated monsoon precipitation, when compared to reanalysis data and satellite observations. Aerosols generally induce a reduction in pre-monsoon and monsoon precipitation in East Asia. Over the Indian region, local anthropogenic emissions tend to reduce precipitation in the source regions while slightly increasing precipitation outside of the emission source regions. The increase in precipitation corresponds to a decrease in the cloud base level or lifting condensation level. Analysis of vertical cloud properties suggests that the increased cloud droplet number and prolonged cloud lifetime/reduced precipitation efficiency due to the local aerosol emissions are responsible for the precipitation reduction over East Asia. Aerosols from local emissions also play a very important role in the simulated surface temperature, radiation, and monsoon circulations.
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Tian, Pengfei, Lei Zhang, Jianmin Ma, Kai Tang, Lili Xu, Yuan Wang, Xianjie Cao, et al. "Radiative absorption enhancement of dust mixed with anthropogenic pollution over East Asia." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 18, no. 11 (June 4, 2018): 7815–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-7815-2018.

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Abstract. The particle mixing state plays a significant yet poorly quantified role in aerosol radiative forcing, especially for the mixing of dust (mineral absorbing) and anthropogenic pollution (black carbon absorbing) over East Asia. We have investigated the absorption enhancement of mixed-type aerosols over East Asia by using the Aerosol Robotic Network observations and radiative transfer model calculations. The mixed-type aerosols exhibit significantly enhanced absorbing ability than the corresponding unmixed dust and anthropogenic aerosols, as revealed in the spectral behavior of absorbing aerosol optical depth, single scattering albedo, and imaginary refractive index. The aerosol radiative efficiencies for the dust, mixed-type, and anthropogenic aerosols are −101.0, −112.9, and −98.3 Wm-2τ-1 at the bottom of the atmosphere (BOA); −42.3, −22.5, and −39.8 Wm-2τ-1 at the top of the atmosphere (TOA); and 58.7, 90.3, and 58.5 Wm-2τ-1 in the atmosphere (ATM), respectively. The BOA cooling and ATM heating efficiencies of the mixed-type aerosols are significantly higher than those of the unmixed aerosol types over the East Asia region, resulting in atmospheric stabilization. In addition, the mixed-type aerosols correspond to a lower TOA cooling efficiency, indicating that the cooling effect by the corresponding individual aerosol components is partially counteracted. We conclude that the interaction between dust and anthropogenic pollution not only represents a viable aerosol formation pathway but also results in unfavorable dispersion conditions, both exacerbating the regional air pollution in East Asia. Our results highlight the necessity to accurately account for the mixing state of aerosols in atmospheric models over East Asia in order to better understand the formation mechanism for regional air pollution and to assess its impacts on human health, weather, and climate.
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Hu, Zhiyuan, Jianping Huang, Chun Zhao, Yuanyuan Ma, Qinjian Jin, Yun Qian, L. Ruby Leung, Jianrong Bi, and Jianmin Ma. "Trans-Pacific transport and evolution of aerosols: spatiotemporal characteristics and source contributions." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 19, no. 19 (October 10, 2019): 12709–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-12709-2019.

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Abstract. Aerosols in the middle and upper troposphere have a long enough lifetime for trans-Pacific transport from East Asia to North America to influence air quality on the west coast of the United States (US). Here, we conduct quasi-global simulations (180∘ W–180∘ E and 70∘ S–75∘ N) from 2010 to 2014 using an updated version of WRF-Chem (Weather Research and Forecasting model fully coupled with chemistry) to analyze the spatiotemporal characteristics and source contributions of trans-Pacific aerosol transport. We find that trans-Pacific total aerosols have a maximum mass concentration (about 15 µg m−3) in the boreal spring with a peak between 3 and 4 km above the surface around 40∘ N. Sea salt and dust dominate the total aerosol mass concentration below 1 km and above 4 km, respectively. About 80.8 Tg of total aerosols (48.7 Tg of dust) are exported annually from East Asia, of which 26.7 Tg of aerosols (13.4 Tg of dust) reach the west coast of the US. Dust contributions from four desert regions in the Northern Hemisphere are analyzed using a tracer-tagging technique. About 4.9, 3.9, and 4.5 Tg year−1 of dust aerosol emitted from north Africa, the Middle East and central Asia, and East Asia, respectively, can be transported to the west coast of the US. The trans-Pacific aerosols dominate the column-integrated aerosol mass (∼65.5 %) and number concentration (∼80 %) over western North America. Radiation budget analysis shows that the inflow aerosols could contribute about 86.4 % (−2.91 W m−2) at the surface, 85.5 % (+1.36 W m−2) in the atmosphere, and 87.1 % (−1.55 W m−2) at the top of atmosphere to total aerosol radiative effect over western North America. However, near the surface in central and eastern North America, aerosols are mainly derived from local emissions, and the radiative effect of imported aerosols decreases rapidly. This study motivates further investigations of the potential impacts of trans-Pacific aerosols from East Asia on regional air quality and the hydrological cycle in North America.
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Maki, Teruya, Shogo Furumoto, Yuya Asahi, Kevin C. Lee, Koichi Watanabe, Kazuma Aoki, Masataka Murakami, et al. "Long-range-transported bioaerosols captured in snow cover on Mount Tateyama, Japan: impacts of Asian-dust events on airborne bacterial dynamics relating to ice-nucleation activities." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 18, no. 11 (June 8, 2018): 8155–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-8155-2018.

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Abstract. The westerly wind travelling at high altitudes over eastern Asia transports aerosols from the Asian deserts and urban areas to downwind areas such as Japan. These long-range-transported aerosols include not only mineral particles but also microbial particles (bioaerosols), that impact the ice-cloud formation processes as ice nuclei. However, the detailed relations of airborne bacterial dynamics to ice nucleation in high-elevation aerosols have not been investigated. Here, we used the aerosol particles captured in the snow cover at altitudes of 2450 m on Mt Tateyama to investigate sequential changes in the ice-nucleation activities and bacterial communities in aerosols and elucidate the relationships between the two processes. After stratification of the snow layers formed on the walls of a snow pit on Mt Tateyama, snow samples, including aerosol particles, were collected from 70 layers at the lower (winter accumulation) and upper (spring accumulation) parts of the snow wall. The aerosols recorded in the lower parts mainly came from Siberia (Russia), northern Asia and the Sea of Japan, whereas those in the upper parts showed an increase in Asian dust particles originating from the desert regions and industrial coasts of Asia. The snow samples exhibited high levels of ice nucleation corresponding to the increase in Asian dust particles. Amplicon sequencing analysis using 16S rRNA genes revealed that the bacterial communities in the snow samples predominately included plant associated and marine bacteria (phyla Proteobacteria) during winter, whereas during spring, when dust events arrived frequently, the majority were terrestrial bacteria of phyla Actinobacteria and Firmicutes. The relative abundances of Firmicutes (Bacilli) showed a significant positive relationship with the ice nucleation in snow samples. Presumably, Asian dust events change the airborne bacterial communities over Mt Tateyama and carry terrestrial bacterial populations, which possibly induce ice-nucleation activities, thereby indirectly impacting climate change.
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Park, R. S., S. J. Lee, S. K. Shin, and C. H. Song. "Contribution of ammonium nitrate to aerosol optical depth and direct radiative forcing by aerosols over East Asia." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 13, no. 7 (July 20, 2013): 19193–235. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-13-19193-2013.

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Abstract. This study focused on the contribution of ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) to aerosol optical depth (AOD) and direct radiative forcing (DRF) by aerosols over an East Asian domain. In order to evaluate the contribution, CTM-estimated AOD was combined with satellite-retrieved AOD, utilizing a data assimilation technique, over East Asia for the entire year of 2006. Using the assimilated AOD and CTM-estimated aerosol optical properties, the DRF by aerosols was estimated over East Asia via a radiative transfer model (RTM). Both assimilated AOD and estimated DRF values showed relatively good agreements with AOD and DRF by aerosols from AERONET. Based on these results, the contributions of NH4NO3 to AOD and DRF by aerosols (ΦAOD and ΦDRF) were estimated for four seasons of 2006 over East Asia. Both ΦAOD and ΦDRF showed seasonal variations over East Asia within the ranges between 4.7% (summer) and 31.3% (winter) and between 4.7% (summer) and 30.7% (winter), respectively, under clear-sky conditions, showing annual average contributions of 15.6% and 15.3%. Under all-sky conditions, ΦDRF varied between 3.6% (summer) and 24.5% (winter), showing annual average contribution of 12.1% over East Asia. These annual average contributions of NH4NO3 to AOD and DRF are almost comparable to the annual average mass fractions of NH4NO3 to PM2.5 and PM10 (17.0% and 14.0%, respectively). ΦAOD and ΦDRF were even larger in the locations where NH3 and NOx emission rates are strong like the Central East China (CEC) region and Sichuan basin. For example, under clear-sky conditions, both ΦAOD and ΦDRF over the CEC region range between 6.9% (summer) and 47.9% (winter) and between 6.7% (summer) and 47.5% (winter), respectively. Based on this analysis, it was concluded that both ΦDRF and ΦDRF cannot be ignored in East Asian air quality and radiative forcing studies, particularly during winter.
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Park, R. S., S. Lee, S. K. Shin, and C. H. Song. "Contribution of ammonium nitrate to aerosol optical depth and direct radiative forcing by aerosols over East Asia." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 14, no. 4 (February 27, 2014): 2185–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-2185-2014.

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Abstract. This study focused on the contribution of ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) to aerosol optical depth (AOD) and direct radiative forcing (DRF) by aerosols over an East Asian domain. In order to evaluate the contribution, chemistry-transport model (CTM)-estimated AOD was combined with satellite-retrieved AOD, utilizing a data assimilation technique, over East Asia for the entire year of 2006. Using the assimilated AOD and CTM-estimated aerosol optical properties, the DRF by aerosols was estimated over East Asia via a radiative transfer model (RTM). Both assimilated AOD and estimated DRF values showed relatively good agreements with AOD and DRF by aerosols from AERONET. Based on these results, the contributions of NH4NO3 to AOD and DRF by aerosols (ΦAOD and ΦDRF) were estimated for the four seasons of 2006 over East Asia. Both ΦAOD and ΦDRF showed seasonal variations over East Asia within the ranges between 4.7% (summer) and 31.3% (winter) and between 4.7% (summer) and 30.7% (winter), respectively, under clear-sky conditions, showing annual average contributions of 15.6% and 15.3%. Under all-sky conditions, ΦDRF varied between 3.6% (summer) and 24.5% (winter), showing annual average contribution of 12.1% over East Asia. These annual average contributions of NH4NO3 to AOD and DRF are almost comparable to the annual average mass fractions of NH4NO3 in PM2.5 and PM10 (17.0% and 14.0%, respectively). ΦAOD and ΦDRF were even larger in the locations where NH3 and NOx emission rates are strong, such as the central East China (CEC) region and Sichuan Basin. For example, under clear-sky conditions, both ΦAOD and ΦDRF over the CEC region range between 6.9% (summer) and 47.9% (winter) and between 6.7% (summer) and 47.5% (winter), respectively. Based on this analysis, it was concluded that both ΦAOD and ΦDRF cannot be ignored in East Asian air quality and radiative forcing studies, particularly during winter.
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Liu, Yushan, and Bingqi Yi. "Aerosols over East and South Asia: Type Identification, Optical Properties, and Implications for Radiative Forcing." Remote Sensing 14, no. 9 (April 25, 2022): 2058. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14092058.

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Identification of aerosol types has long been a difficult problem over East and South Asia due to various limitations. In this study, we use 2-dimensional (2-D) and multi-dimensional Mahalanobis distance (MD) clustering algorithms to identify aerosol characteristics based on the data from the Aerosol Robotic Network from March 1998 to February 2018 over the South and East Asian region (10°N~50°N, 70°E~135°E). The single scattering albedo (SSA), absorption Angstrom exponent (AAE), extinction Angstrom exponent (EAE), real index of refraction (RRI), and imaginary index of refraction (IRI) are utilized for classification of aerosols. Sub-regions with similar background conditions over East and South Asia are identified by hierarchical clustering algorithm to illustrate distinctive meteorological states in different areas. The East and South Asian aerosols are found to have distinct regional and seasonal features relating to the meteorological conditions, land cover, and industrial infrastructure. It is found that the proportions of dust aerosol are the highest in spring at the SACOL site and in summer at the sites near the Northern Indo-Gangetic Plain area. In spring, biomass-burning aerosols are dominant over the central Indo-China Peninsula area. The aerosol characteristics at coastal sites are also analyzed and compared with previous results. The 2-D clustering method is useful when limited aerosol parameters are available, but the results are highly dependent on the sets of parameters used for identification. Comparatively, the MD method, which considers multiple aerosol parameters, could provide more comprehensive classification of aerosol types. It is estimated that only about 50% of the data samples that are identifiable by the MD method could be classified by the 2-D methods, and a lot of undetermined data samples could be mis-classified by the 2-D methods. The aerosol radiative forcing (ARF) and the aerosol radiative forcing efficiency (ARFE) of various aerosol types at the top and the bottom of the atmosphere (TOA and BOA) are determined based on the MD aerosol classification. The dust aerosols are found to have the largest ARF at the TOA (−36 W/m2), followed by the urban/industrial aerosols and biomass-burning aerosols. The ARFE of biomass-burning aerosols at the BOA (−165 W/m2/AOD550nm) is the strongest among those of the other aerosol types. The comparison of the results by MD and 2-D methods shows that the differences in ARF and ARFE are generally within 10%. Our results indicate the importance of aerosol type classification in accurately attributing the radiative contributions of different aerosol components.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Aerosols Asia"

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Ozdes, Mehmet. "The effect of climate and aerosol on crop production: a case study of central Asia." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/48997.

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The effect of recent climate change in Central Asia poses a significant and potentially serious challenge to the region’s agricultural sector. An investigation of the aerosol-climate- crop yield correlation in this region is essential for a better understanding of the effect of aerosols and climate on Central Asian agriculture. Our goal is to investigate the linkages between aerosol, climate and major crop production (cotton, maize, wheat, and rice) in specified agricultural regions in the five Central Asian countries. Our approach is to perform the Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient analysis in order to observe the statistical correlation between crop yield, temperature, precipitation, and aerosol optical depth (AOD), for each indicated agricultural region in the selected countries. Besides, using NASA GIOVANNI website tools, we retrieve distribution maps and time series of temperature, precipitation and AOD to facilitate the analyses. The research shows that in some aspects, the relation between AOD, climate, and crop yield is different in Central Asia than in previous global or large scale research hypotheses. The statistical correlations vary not only across countries but also across agricultural regions. For example, in Kazakhstan, opposite correlations exist between precipitation and AOD in two different agricultural regions even though both regions are rain-fed. In the more arid countries (with lower rain rates) such as Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, no correlation exists between crop production and temperature, precipitation, and AOD, while the less arid (with higher rain rate) countries (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan) indicate a positive correlation.
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Kirillova, Elena N. "Dual isotope (13C-14C) Studies of Water-Soluble Organic Carbon (WSOC) Aerosols in South and East Asia." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för tillämpad miljövetenskap (ITM), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-89161.

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Atmospheric aerosols may be emitted directly as particles (primary) or formed from gaseous precursors (secondary) from different natural and anthropogenic sources. The highly populated South and East Asia regions are currently in a phase of rapid economic growth to which high emissions of carbonaceous aerosols are coupled. This leads to generally poor air quality and a substantial impact of anthropogenic aerosols on the regional climate. However, the emissions of different carbon aerosol components are still poorly constrained. Water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) is a large (20-80%) component of carbonaceous aerosols that can absorb solar light and enhance cloud formation, influencing both the direct and indirect climate effects of the aerosols. A novel method for carbon isotope-based studies, including source apportionment, of the WSOC component of ambient aerosols was developed and tested for recovery efficiency and the risk of contamination using both synthetic test substances and ambient aerosols (paper I). The application of this method for the source apportionment of aerosols in South and East Asia shows that fossil fuel input to WSOC is significant in both South Asia (about 17-23%) highly impacted by biomass combustion practices and in East Asia (up to 50%) dominated by fossil energy sources (papers II, III, IV). Fossil fraction in WSOC in the outflow from northern China is considerably larger than what has been measured in South Asia, Europe and USA (paper IV). A trend of enrichment in heavy stable carbon isotopes in WSOC with distance the particles have been transported from the source is observed in the South Asian region (papers II, III). Dual-isotope (Δ14C and δ13C) analysis demonstrates that WSOC is highly influenced by atmospheric aging processes.

At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 3: Manuscript. Paper 4: Submitted.

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Huang, Yan. "Assessments of the Direct and Indirect Effects of Anthropogenic Aerosols on Regional Precipitation over East Asia Using a Coupled Regional Climate-Chemistry-Aerosol Model." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/6870.

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An aerosol module is developed and coupled to a regional climate model to investigate the direct and indirect effect of anthropogenic aerosols (sulfate and carbonaceous aerosols) on climate with a focus on precipitation over East Asia. This fully coupled regional climate-chemistry-aerosol model is capable of understanding the interactions between the aerosol perturbation and climate change. The simulated aerosol spatial and seasonal distributions are generally consistent with the observations. The magnitude of the simulated total aerosol concentration and optical depth is about 2/3 of the observed value, suggesting the estimated climatic effects in this work are reasonable and conservative. With the implementation of various aerosol effect, i.e., direct, semi-direct, 1st and 2nd indirect effect, the aerosols?impacts on climate are assessed over the region. The direct, semi-direct and 1st indirect effects generate a negative surface solar forcing, leading to a surface cooling, and the semi-direct effect also heats the atmosphere by BC absorption. This, in turn, increases the atmospheric stability and tends to inhibit the precipitation. The precipitation reduction is largest in the fall and winter, up to -10% with the inclusion of both direct and 1st indirect effects. The 2nd indirect effect using BH94 scheme produces a comparable magnitude in long-wave heating as the solar cooling, leading to the nighttime temperature warming of 0.5K, and a reduction in the diurnal temperature range. The precipitation reduction from the 2nd indirect effect strongly depends on the auto-conversion scheme, with about -30% in the fall and winter, and -15% in the spring and summer using BH94 scheme, while less than -5% using TC80 scheme. By allowing the feedbacks between aerosols and climate, the coupled model generally decreases the discrepancies between the model-simulated and observed precipitation and aerosols over the region. The EOF analysis of the climatological precipitation from last century over East Asia shows a decreasing mode in the EOF leading modes in the fall and winter, and is generally geographically consistent with the distribution of the model simulated precipitation reduction from anthropogenic aerosols.
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McNaughton, Cameron Stuart. "The spatial distribution and size evolution of particles in Asian outflow: the significance of primary and secondary aerosols during ACE-Asia and TRACE-P." Thesis, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/6981.

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During the ACE-Asia and TRACE-P field campaigns aircraft measurements over the Yellow Sea, East China Sea and Sea of Japan revealed widespread secondary aerosol formation in the marine boundary layer. Similar observations were made throughout the day at the Gosan surface site on Jeju Island South Korea and aboard the American research vessel the RIV Ron Brown. Intercomparisons between the surface aerosol platforms and the airborne platforms show excellent agreement. Two post-frontal airmasses were characterized by concentrations of 3 -12 nm particles as high as 40,000 cm-3, and SO2 concentrations of 2 - 12 ppbv. Aerosol surface area in the marine boundary layer associated with regional air pollution and in one case, mineral dust, was in excess of 300 um2 cm-3 and as high as 1200 um2 cm-3. Thermodynamic profiles of the regional airmass suggest that steep gradients of aerosol surface area, relative humidity and temperature associated with elevated levels of SO2 created microphysical environments where new particle production is favoured. Although nucleation events were not observed directly, evidence for recently formed secondary aerosols were detected up to 48 hours after leaving the Asian landmass and were associated with SO2 concentrations in excess of 1 ppbv. Molar ratios of [NH4+]:(2[SO42-] + [NO3-]) in excess of 0.68 and volatility analysis showing partial neutralization of the nucleation and accumulation mode aerosols suggest a ternary nucleation mechanism involving H2SO4, H2O, and NH3. Growth rates of nucleation mode aerosols of 2.4 and 1.7 nm hr-1 were observed over a broad spatial extent during two consecutive flights. Based on the nucleation mode growth rates, the flux rate of vapour to the full size distribution suggests condensation rates of 2.4 +/- 1.2 x 106 molecules cm-3 s-1. Calculations of the coagulation rate for the nucleation mode particles suggest that most may be scavenged by the primary aerosol in less than 72 hours over the coastal waters of Asia before being transport out toward the Pacific Ocean.
xi, 116 leaves
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BARCELAR, Jacqueline de Melo. "Efeitos da obesidade na distribuição e deposição pulmonar de aerossol e eficácia do heliox em mulheres obesas com e sem asma estável através da cintilografia pulmonar." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2016. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/18516.

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Introdução: A obesidade é um fator de risco para asma, cujo tratamento principal consiste no uso dos aerossóis inalados. Entretanto, não existem dados na literatura a cerca do padrão de deposição de aerossol em indivíduos obesos não asmáticos e asmáticos. Além disso, existe uma lacuna no conhecimento do uso do heliox nesta população, pois este gás diminui a resistência ao fluxo aéreo e aumenta a ventilação. Objetivo: 1-Analisar a distribuição e deposição pulmonar e extrapulmonar de radioaerossol em mulheres adultas saudáveis com peso normal e obesas e 2-Analisar a distribuição e deposição pulmonar de radioaerossol, após inalação de radiofármaco carreado por oxigênio e heliox, em mulheres obesas não asmáticas e asmáticas, através de cintilografia pulmonar. Método: O estudo foi realizado em duas partes. A primeira um corte transversal com 29 mulheres: 15 obesas (IMC ≥30 kg/m2) e 14 com IMC =18,5–24,9 kg/m2. A segunda parte foi um ensaio clínico randomizado e crossover com mulheres obesas (IMC ≥30 kg/m2), 10 não asmáticas e 10 asmáticas estáveis. Todas as participantes inalaram 99mTc-DTPA tecnésio, com atividade de 37MBq (Megabequereis), associado a 0,9% de solução salina. Na primeira parte foi utilizado um nebulizador de membrana (NM) (Adágio, Dance Biopharm, San Francisco, CA) ativado pela respiração (volume solução=0,2mL). Na segunda parte foi utilizado o mesmo radiofármaco associado a 0.9% de solução salina e broncodilatadores, (volume solução= 1,5mL), utilizando NM (Aerogen® Solo, Aerogen Ltd, Galway, Irlanda) associado ao gás oxigênio ou heliox. Após a inalação, foram adquiridas as imagens cintilográficas de tórax posterior e anterior, face e equipamentos, com tempo 300 segundos para cada imagem. Para analisar as imagens foram criadas regiões de interesse (ROI) para regiões pulmonares e extra pulmonar. Resultados: No primeiro estudo, verificou-se maior deposição do radioaerossol nas vias aéreas superiores no grupo de obesas comparado com as de peso normal (9,54±3,68% versus 4,94±1,92%, p=0,002). Na comparação entre os grupos, os gradientes horizontal e vertical apresentaram padrão de distribuição semelhante, apesar de maior deposição pulmonar ter ocorrido em mulheres com peso normal (61,65 ± 7,37% versus 46,48 ± 8,94%, p<0,001). No segundo estudo, ao respirar oxigênio, o grupo de asmáticas apresentou 5% maior deposição pulmonar em comparação as não-asmáticas (p =0,016), e maior deposição do radioaerossol nas áreas centrais no pulmão direito (0,90±0,23 versus 0,71±1,13; p<0,05). Não foram observadas diferenças significativas na deposição pulmonar de radioaerossol entre os grupos com o uso do heliox, porém foi encontrada redução significativa do radioaerossol no nível de orofaringe nas não asmáticas (p=0,009) e aumento no filtro expiratório (p=0,023). Conclusão: Mulheres obesas demonstraram reduzida deposição pulmonar de radioaerossol e maior deposição na região da orofaringe quando comparadas com as mulheres com peso normal. Na segunda parte do estudo, as mulheres asmáticas apresentaram maior deposição pulmonar total e na região central de radioaerossol comparada com as mulheres obesas não asmáticas. Utilizando heliox, não foi observado aumento da deposição pulmonar de radioaerossol nas mulheres obesas não asmáticas e asmáticas. Entretanto, o heliox diminuiu a deposição de radioaerossol na orofaringe das mulheres obesas não asmáticas.
Introduction: Obesity is a risk factor for asthma the treatment is mainly with the use of inhaled aerosols. However, there is no data in the literature about the aerosol deposition pattern in obese subjects with and without asthma. Furthermore, there is a lack in knowledge regarding the use of heliox in this population, since the gas reduces the airflow resistance and increased ventilation. Objective: 1- Analyze radioaerosol distribution and deposition in pulmonary and extrapulmonary in healthy adult women with normal weight and obese, 2- Assess distribution and pulmonary and extrapulmonary deposition of radioaerosol, after radiolabel inhalation carried by oxygen and heliox in non-asthmatic and asthmatic obese women with stable asthma using pulmonary scintigraphy. Method: The study was conducted in two stages. The first was a cross-section with 28 women: 15 obese (BMI ≥30kg/m2) and 14 with BMI =18.5-24.9kg/m2. The second part was a randomized crossover trial, with obese women (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2), 10 non-asthmatic and 10 asthmatic stable asthma. All subjects inhaled technetium 99m Tc-DTPA with 37 MBq (Megabecquerels) activity associated with 0.9% saline. In the first part was used a nebulizer membrane (NM) (Adage, Dance Biopharm, San Francisco, CA) activated by breath (solution volume = 0.2 mL). In the second part was used the same radiopharmaceutical associated with 0.9% saline and bronchodilators (solution volume =1.5mL) using NM (Aerogen® Solo, Aerogen Ltd, Galway, Ireland) associated with the gas oxygen or heliox. After inhalation were acquired the scintigraphic images of posterior and anterior chest, face and equipment, with time 300 seconds for each image. To analyze the images were created regions of interest (ROI) for pulmonary and extra pulmonary regions. Results: In the first study, a higher deposition radioaerossol upper airways in obese group compared with those of normal weight (9.54±3.68% versus 4.94±1.92%, p=0.002). Comparing the groups, the horizontal and vertical gradients showed similar distribution pattern, although greater lung deposition occurred in women with normal weight (61.65±7.37% versus 46.48±8.94%, P<0.001). In the second study, breathing oxygen, the asthmatic group had 5% higher lung deposition compared to non-asthmatics (p=0.016), and increased deposition of radioaerossol in the central areas in the right lung (0.90±0.23 versus 0.71±1.13; p<0.05). Significant differences in lung deposition of radioaerosol between groups with use of heliox, but found significant reduction of radioaerosol in the level of the oropharynx without asthma (p=0.009) and increase in expiratory filter were observed (p=0.023). In the second part of the study, asthmatic women showed higher total lung deposition and central radioaerossol compared with obese women without asthma. Using heliox was not observed increased lung deposition radioaerossol in obese women without asthma and asthma. However, heliox decreased deposition radioaerossol oropharyngeal obese women without asthma
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Ma, Yilin. "Developments and improvements to the particle-into-liquid-sampler (PILS) and its applications to Asian outflow studies." Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004:, 2004. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-06072004-131244/unrestricted/ma%5Fyilin%5F200405%5Fphd.pdf.

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Kuhlmann, Julian, and Johannes Quaas. "How can aerosols affect the Asian summer monsoon?" Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-185964.

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The impact of aerosols above and around the Tibetan Plateau on the Asian Summer Monsoon during premonsoon seasons March-April-May 2007, 2008, and 2009 is investigated by means of remote sensing and radiative transfer modelling. Four source regions are found to be responsible for the high aerosol loading around the Tibetan Plateau: the Taklamakan Desert, the Ganges Plains, the Indus Plains, and the Arabian Sea. CALIPSO lidar satellite data, providing vertically resolved images of aerosols, shows aerosol concentrations to be highest in the lower 5 km of the atmosphere with only little amounts reaching the Tibetan Plateau altitude. Using a radiative transfer model we find that aerosol plumes reduce shortwave radiation throughout the Monsoon region in the seasonal average by between 20 and 30 W/m2. Peak shortwave heating in the lower troposphere reaches 0.2 K/day. In higher layers this shortwave heating is partly balanced by longwave cooling. Although high-albedo surfaces, such as deserts or the Tibetan Plateau, increase the shortwave heating by around 10%, the overall effect is strongest close to the aerosol sources. A strong elevated heating which could influence large-scale monsoonal circulations as suggested by previous studies is not found.
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Su, Xiaoli. "Analyses of aerosol characteristics over east Asia using POLDER observations." Thesis, Lille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LIL10087/document.

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Cette thèse a pour objectif principal de fournir une analyse de distribution et de la variabilité des aérosols en Asie à partir des observations satellitaires de PARASOL au-dessus des continents. Nous avons d’abord comparé les épaisseurs optiques en aérosols (AOD pour aerosol optical depth) PARASOL à celles du mode fin (particules de rayon ≤ 0.30 µm) calculées à partir des inversions des mesures photométriques de 14 sites AERONET. La qualité des corrélations obtenues démontre la bonne sensibilité des restitutions de PARASOL à la plus fine fraction des aérosols, qui proviennent principalement de sources anthropiques. Nous avons analysé les caractéristiques des distributions en aérosols à partir de quatre années de données PARASOL (mars 2005 à février 2009). Notre étude a montré que la distribution spatiale des aérosols du mode fin en Asie était étroitement liée à celle des activités humaines. Nous avons également mis en évidence une forte variabilité saisonnière de l’AOD du mode fin qui diffère selon les zones géographiques. Enfin, nous avons analysé la variabilité interannuelle sur la période 2003-2009 en été au nord de la Chine, en particulier dans la région de Beijing, et dans le contexte des réductions d’émissions des jeux olympiques de l’été 2008. Nous avons montré que les AOD du mode fin sont relativement élevées au cours des étés 2003, 2007 et 2008. Les variations interannuelles des AOD moyennes mensuelles ont montré que la variabilité était maximale en juin et similaire à celle de juillet, à la différence de celle observée en août. Dans cette étude, les AOD mesurées par AERONET dans la région de Beijing en été sont utilisées comme références et également analysées
This thesis is devoted to analyze aerosol distribution and variability over East Asia based on PARASOL aerosol products over land. We first compared PARASOL Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) with fine mode AOD (particles radius ≤ 0.30 μm) computed from AERONET (Aerosol Robotic Network) inversions over 14 sites. The rather good correlation observed over land demonstrates the remarkable sensitivity of PARASOL retrievals to the smaller fraction of fine particles, mostly originating from anthropogenic sources. We analyzed the characteristics and seasonal variation of aerosol distribution over East Asia considering four years of PARASOL Level 2 data (March 2005 to February 2009). Our study shows that the spatial distribution of fine-mode aerosols over East Asia, as retrieved from PARASOL, is highly associated with human activities. Our work also evidenced a strong variability of seasonal fine-mode AOD patterns with geographical locations. Finally, the inter-annual variation during 2003-2009 periods of summer fine-mode AOD over North China, in particular the Beijing City region, was analyzed for the contribution to evaluating the regional impact of emission reduction enforced in Beijing during the 2008 Olympic Summer Games. We found that summer average of fine-mode AOD exhibited relatively higher values in 2003, 2007 and 2008. The inter-annual variation patterns of monthly averaged AOD (June to August) shows that June generally exhibits the strongest variation and varies similar to July, but differs from August. As reference, measured total AOD and fine mode AOD computed from AERONET inversions in summer are also discussed for the Beijing City region
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Salzmann, Marc, Ribu Cherian, and Hagen Weser. "Robust response of Asian summer monsoon to anthropogenic aerosols in CMIP5 models." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-197058.

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The representation of aerosol processes and the skill in simulating the Asian summer monsoon vary widely across climate models. Yet, for the second half of the twentieth century, the models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) show a robust decrease of average precipitation in the South and Southeast Asian (SSEA) continental region due to the increase of anthropogenic aerosols. When taking into account anthropogenic aerosols as well as greenhouse gases (GHGs), the 15 CMIP5 models considered in this study yield an average June–September precipitation least squares linear trend of −0.20 ± 0.20mm d−1 (50 years)−1, or −2.9%, for all land points in the SSEA region (taken from 75 to 120◦E and 5 to 30◦N) in the years from 1950 to 1999 (multimodel average ± one standard deviation) in spite of an increase in the water vapor path of +0.99 ± 0.65 kg m−2 (50 years)−1 (+2.5%). This negative precipitation trend differs markedly from the positive precipitation trend of +0.29 ± 0.14mm d−1 (50 years)−1, or +4.1%, which is computed for GHG forcing only. Taking into account aerosols both decreases the water vapor path and slows down the monsoon circulation as suggested by several previous studies. At smaller scales, however, internal variability makes attributing observed precipitation changes to anthropogenic aerosols more difficult. Over Northern Central India (NCI), the spread between precipitation trends from individual model realizations is generally comparable in magnitude to simulated changes due to aerosols, and the model results suggest that the observed drying in NCI might in part be explained by internal variability.
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Salzmann, Marc, Ribu Cherian, and Hagen Weser. "Robust response of Asian summer monsoon to anthropogenic aerosols in CMIP5 models." American Geophysical Union (AGU), 2014. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A14474.

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The representation of aerosol processes and the skill in simulating the Asian summer monsoon vary widely across climate models. Yet, for the second half of the twentieth century, the models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) show a robust decrease of average precipitation in the South and Southeast Asian (SSEA) continental region due to the increase of anthropogenic aerosols. When taking into account anthropogenic aerosols as well as greenhouse gases (GHGs), the 15 CMIP5 models considered in this study yield an average June–September precipitation least squares linear trend of −0.20 ± 0.20mm d−1 (50 years)−1, or −2.9%, for all land points in the SSEA region (taken from 75 to 120◦E and 5 to 30◦N) in the years from 1950 to 1999 (multimodel average ± one standard deviation) in spite of an increase in the water vapor path of +0.99 ± 0.65 kg m−2 (50 years)−1 (+2.5%). This negative precipitation trend differs markedly from the positive precipitation trend of +0.29 ± 0.14mm d−1 (50 years)−1, or +4.1%, which is computed for GHG forcing only. Taking into account aerosols both decreases the water vapor path and slows down the monsoon circulation as suggested by several previous studies. At smaller scales, however, internal variability makes attributing observed precipitation changes to anthropogenic aerosols more difficult. Over Northern Central India (NCI), the spread between precipitation trends from individual model realizations is generally comparable in magnitude to simulated changes due to aerosols, and the model results suggest that the observed drying in NCI might in part be explained by internal variability.
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Books on the topic "Aerosols Asia"

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Asia, Aerosol Conference (1st 1999 Nagoya-shi Japan). First Asia Aerosol Conference: Abstracts, July 27-29, 1999, Nagoya, Japan. [Nagoya, Japan]: AAC, 1999.

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Krepon, Michael. The stability-instability paradox: Nuclear weapons and brinksmanship in South Asia. Washington, D.C: Henry L. Stimson Center, 2001.

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Lau, William K. M. Impacts of Aerosols on Climate and Weather in the Hindu-Kush-Himalayas-Gangetic Region. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.013.590.

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Situated at the southern edge of the Tibetan Plateau (TP), the Hindu-Kush-Himalayas-Gangetic (HKHG) region is under the clear and present danger of climate change. Flash-flood, landslide, and debris flow caused by extreme precipitation, as well as rapidly melting glaciers, threaten the water resources and livelihood of more than 1.2 billion people living in the region. Rapid industrialization and increased populations in recent decades have resulted in severe atmospheric and environmental pollution in the region. Because of its unique topography and dense population, the HKHG is not only a major source of pollution aerosol emissions, but also a major receptor of large quantities of natural dust aerosols transported from the deserts of West Asia and the Middle East during the premonsoon and early monsoon season (April–June). The dust aerosols, combined with local emissions of light-absorbing aerosols, that is, black carbon (BC), organic carbon (OC), and mineral dust, can (a) provide additional powerful heating to the atmosphere and (b) allow more sunlight to penetrate the snow layer by darkening the snow surface. Both effects will lead to accelerated melting of snowpack and glaciers in the HKHG region, amplifying the greenhouse warming effect. In addition, these light-absorbing aerosols can interact with monsoon winds and precipitation, affecting extreme precipitation events in the HKHG, as well as weather variability and climate change over the TP and the greater Asian monsoon region.
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Vaheri, Antti, James N. Mills, Christina F. Spiropoulou, and Brian Hjelle. Hantaviruses. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198570028.003.0035.

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Hantaviruses (genus Hantavirus, family Bunyaviridae) are rodent- and insectivore-borne zoonotic viruses. Several hantaviruses are human pathogens, some with 10-35% mortality, and cause two diseases: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Eurasia, and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) in the Americas. Hantaviruses are enveloped and have a three-segmented, single-stranded, negative-sense RNA genome. The L gene encodes an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, the M gene encodes two glycoproteins (Gn and Gc), and the S gene encodes a nucleocapsid protein. In addition, the S genes of some hantaviruses have an NSs open reading frame that can act as an interferon antagonist. Similarities between phylogenies have suggested ancient codivergence of the viruses and their hosts to many authors, but increasing evidence for frequent, recent host switching and local adaptation has led to questioning of this model. Infected rodents establish persistent infections with little or no effect on the host. Humans are infected from aerosols of rodent excreta, direct contact of broken skin or mucous membranes with infectious virus, or rodent bite. One hantavirus, Andes virus, is unique in that it is known to be transmitted from person-to-person. HFRS and HCPS, although primarily affecting kidneys and lungs, respectively, share a number of clinical features, such as capillary leakage, TNF-, and thrombocytopenia; notably, hemorrhages and alterations in renal function also occur in HCPS and cardiac and pulmonary involvement are not rare in HFRS. Of the four structural proteins, both in humoral and cellular immunity, the nucleocapsid protein appears to be the principal immunogen. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses are seen in both HFRS and HCPS and may be important for both protective immunity and pathogenesis. Diagnosis is mainly based on detection of IgM antibodies although viral RNA (vRNA) may be readily, although not invariably, detected in blood, urine and saliva. For sero/genotyping neutralization tests/RNA sequencing are required. Formalin-inactivated vaccines have been widely used in China and Korea but not outside Asia. Hantaviruses are prime examples of emerging and re-emerging infections and, given the limited number of rodents and insectivores thus far studied, it is likely that many new hantaviruses will be detected in the near future.
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Liu, Xiaodong, and Libin Yan. Elevation-Dependent Climate Change in the Tibetan Plateau. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.013.593.

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As a unique and high gigantic plateau, the Tibetan Plateau (TP) is sensitive and vulnerable to global climate change, and its climate change tendencies and the corresponding impact on regional ecosystems and water resources can provide an early alarm for global and mid-latitude climate changes. Growing evidence suggests that the TP has experienced more significant warming than its surrounding areas during past decades, especially at elevations higher than 4 km. Greater warming at higher elevations than at lower elevations has been reported in several major mountainous regions on earth, and this interesting phenomenon is known as elevation-dependent climate change, or elevation-dependent warming (EDW).At the beginning of the 21st century, Chinese scholars first noticed that the TP had experienced significant warming since the mid-1950s, especially in winter, and that the latest warming period in the TP occurred earlier than enhanced global warming since the 1970s. The Chinese also first reported that the warming rates increased with the elevation in the TP and its neighborhood, and the TP was one of the most sensitive areas to global climate change. Later, additional studies, using more and longer observations from meteorological stations and satellites, shed light on the detailed characteristics of EDW in terms of mean, minimum, and maximum temperatures and in different seasons. For example, it was found that the daily minimum temperature showed the most evident EDW in comparison to the mean and daily maximum temperatures, and EDW is more significant in winter than in other seasons. The mean daily minimum and maximum temperatures also maintained increasing trends in the context of EDW. Despite a global warming hiatus since the turn of the 21st century, the TP exhibited persistent warming from 2001 to 2012.Although EDW has been demonstrated by more and more observations and modeling studies, the underlying mechanisms for EDW are not entirely clear owing to sparse, discontinuous, and insufficient observations of climate change processes. Based on limited observations and model simulations, several factors and their combinations have been proposed to be responsible for EDW, including the snow-albedo feedback, cloud-radiation effects, water vapor and radiative fluxes, and aerosols forcing. At present, however, various explanations of the mechanisms for EDW are mainly derived from model-based research, lacking more solid observational evidence. Therefore, to comprehensively understand the mechanisms of EDW, a more extensive and multiple-perspective climate monitoring system is urgently needed in the areas of the TP with high elevations and complex terrains.High-elevation climate change may have resulted in a series of environmental consequences, such as vegetation changes, permafrost melting, and glacier shrinkage, in mountainous areas. In particular, the glacial retreat could alter the headwater environments on the TP and the hydrometeorological characteristics of several major rivers in Asia, threatening the water supply for the people living in the adjacent countries. Taking into account the climate-model projections that the warming trend will continue over the TP in the coming decades, this region’s climate change and the relevant environmental consequences should be of great concern to both scientists and the general public.
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Book chapters on the topic "Aerosols Asia"

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Hatakeyama, Shiro. "Aerosols." In Air Pollution Impacts on Plants in East Asia, 21–42. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-56438-6_2.

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Koo, Youn-Seo, and Sung-Tae Kim. "The Simulation of Aerosol Transport over East Asia Region Using CMAQ." In Nucleation and Atmospheric Aerosols, 522–25. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6475-3_105.

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Matsuda, Kazuhide. "Dry Deposition of Aerosols onto Forest." In Air Pollution Impacts on Plants in East Asia, 309–22. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-56438-6_21.

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Pavuluri, Chandra Mouli, and Kimitaka Kawamura. "Organic Aerosols in South and East Asia: Composition and Sources." In Springer Remote Sensing/Photogrammetry, 379–408. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67474-2_18.

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Pelon, Jacques, David M. Winker, Gérard Ancellet, Mark A. Vaughan, Damien Josset, Arianne Bazureau, and Nicolas Pascal. "Space Observation of Aerosols from Satellite Over China During Pollution Episodes: Status and Perspectives." In Air Pollution in Eastern Asia: An Integrated Perspective, 335–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59489-7_16.

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Zhang, Qixing, Jia Liu, Jie Luo, Feng Wang, Jinjun Wang, and Yongming Zhang. "Characterization of Typical Fire and Non-fire Aerosols by Polarized Light Scattering for Reliable Optical Smoke Detection." In The Proceedings of 11th Asia-Oceania Symposium on Fire Science and Technology, 791–801. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9139-3_58.

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Macatangay, Ronald C. "Project MANTRA: Multi-platform ANalysis of TRace Gases and Aerosols with a Focus on Atmospheric CO2 Measurements for Southeast Asia." In Springer Remote Sensing/Photogrammetry, 303–15. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67474-2_15.

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Chou, Charles C. K., S. J. Chen, M. T. Cheng, W. C. Hsu, C. T. Lee, Y. L. Wu, C. S. Yuan, S. C. Hsu, C. S. C. Lung, and Shaw C. Liu. "Ground-based Observations of the Chemical Composition of Asian Outflow Aerosols." In Nucleation and Atmospheric Aerosols, 766–70. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6475-3_152.

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Yamaguchi, Masahiro, and Takeshi Izuta. "Effects of Aerosol Particles on Plants." In Air Pollution Impacts on Plants in East Asia, 283–93. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-56438-6_19.

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Zhang, Yang, Xin Zhang, Changjie Cai, Kai Wang, and Litao Wang. "Studying Aerosol-Cloud-Climate Interactions over East Asia Using WRF/Chem." In Air Pollution Modeling and its Application XXIII, 61–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04379-1_10.

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Conference papers on the topic "Aerosols Asia"

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Sugimoto, Nobuo, Tomoaki Nishizawa, Atsushi Shimizu, Ichiro Matsui, and Yoshitaka Jin. "Characterization of aerosols in East Asia with the Asian Dust and Aerosol Lidar Observation Network (AD-Net)." In SPIE Asia Pacific Remote Sensing, edited by Upendra N. Singh and Kazuhiro Asai. SPIE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2069892.

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Sugimoto, Nobuo, Ichiro Matsui, Atsushi Shimizu, Tomoaki Nishizawa, Yukari Hara, Chenbo Xie, Itsushi Uno, Keiya Yumimoto, Zifa Wang, and Soon-Chang Yoon. "Lidar network observations of tropospheric aerosols." In Asia-Pacific Remote Sensing, edited by Upendra N. Singh, Kazuhiro Asai, and Achuthan Jayaraman. SPIE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.806540.

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Sugimoto, Nobuo, Ichiro Matsui, Atsushi Shimizu, Tomoaki Nishizawa, Yukari Hara, and Itsushi Uno. "Lidar network observation of tropospheric aerosols." In SPIE Asia-Pacific Remote Sensing, edited by Upendra N. Singh and Kohei Mizutani. SPIE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.869900.

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Sharma, Manish, Ramesh P. Singh, and Rajesh Kumar. "Dynamical characteristics of atmospheric aerosols over IG region." In SPIE Asia-Pacific Remote Sensing, edited by Eastwood Im, Raj Kumar, and Song Yang. SPIE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2224033.

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Fatima, Hashmi, H. C. Upadhyaya, and O. P. Sharma. "Impact of carbonaceous aerosols on Indian monsoon rainfall." In SPIE Asia-Pacific Remote Sensing, edited by Tiruvalam N. Krishnamurti, Jhoon Kim, and Takashi Moriyama. SPIE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.867030.

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Dey, Sagnik, Kamalaika Sengupta, George Basil, Sushant Das, Nidhi Nidhi, S. K. Dash, Arjya Sarkar, Parul Srivastava, Ajit Singh, and P. Agarwal. "Satellite-based 3D structure of cloud and aerosols over the Indian Monsoon region: implications for aerosol-cloud interaction." In SPIE Asia-Pacific Remote Sensing, edited by Michio Kawamiya, Tiruvalam N. Krishnamurti, and Shamil Maksyutov. SPIE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.979246.

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Singh, Charu, Dilip Ganguly, and S. K. Dash. "Aerosols and contrasting monsoon conditions over the Himalayan region." In SPIE Asia-Pacific Remote Sensing, edited by Eastwood Im, Raj Kumar, and Song Yang. SPIE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2223525.

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Sano, Itaru, Mizuki Tanabe, Takamasa Kamei, Makiko Nakata, and Sonoyo Mukai. "Carbonaceous aerosols over Siberia and Indonesia with GOSAT/CAI." In SPIE Asia-Pacific Remote Sensing. SPIE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.869625.

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Li, Li-Ping, Hajime Fukushima, Robert J. Frouin, B. Greg Mitchell, Ming-Xia He, Tamio Takamura, and Sachio Ohta. "Influence of absorbing aerosols on SeaWiFS-derived marine reflectance during ACE-Asia." In Third International Asia-Pacific Environmental Remote Sensing Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere, Ocean, Environment, and Space, edited by Robert J. Frouin, Yeli Yuan, and Hiroshi Kawamura. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.467264.

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Gu, Fang, Juan Yang, Baomin Bian, and Anzhi He. "Information entropy characteristic of the light scattering signal amplitude distribution of aerosols." In Photonics Asia 2007, edited by Yongtian Wang, Theo T. Tschudi, Jannick P. Rolland, and Kimio Tatsuno. SPIE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.757582.

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Reports on the topic "Aerosols Asia"

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Kilifarska, Natalya A., Tijian Wang, Kostadin Ganev, Min Xie, Bingliang Zhuang, and Shu Li. Decadal Cooling of East Asia – the Role of Aerosols and Ozone Produced by Galactic Cosmic Rays. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, July 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2018.07.10.

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Lasko, Kristofer. Incorporating Sentinel-1 SAR imagery with the MODIS MCD64A1 burned area product to improve burn date estimates and reduce burn date uncertainty in wildland fire mapping. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42122.

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Wildland fires result in a unique signal detectable by multispectral remote sensing and synthetic aperture radar (SAR). However, in many regions, such as Southeast Asia, persistent cloud cover and aerosols temporarily obstruct multispectral satellite observations of burned area, including the MODIS MCD64A1 Burned Area Product (BAP). Multiple days between cloud free pre- and postburn MODIS observations result in burn date uncertainty. We incorporate cloud-penetrating, C-band SAR-with the MODIS MCD64A BAP in Southeast Asia, to exploit the strengths of each dataset to better estimate the burn date and reduce the potential burn date uncertainty range. We incorporate built-in quality control using MCD64A1 to reduce erroneous pixel updating. We test the method over part of Laos and Thailand during April 2016 and found average uncertainty reduction of 4.5 d, improving 15% of MCD64A1 pixels. A new BAP could improve monitoring temporal trends of wildland fires, air quality studies and monitoring post-fire vegetation dynamics.
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LeGrand, Sandra, Christopher Polashenski, Theodore Letcher, Glenn Creighton, Steven Peckham, and Jeffrey Cetola. The AFWA dust emission scheme for the GOCART aerosol model in WRF-Chem v3.8.1. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41560.

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Airborne particles of mineral dust play a key role in Earth’s climate system and affect human activities around the globe. The numerical weather modeling community has undertaken considerable efforts to accurately forecast these dust emissions. Here, for the first time in the literature, we thoroughly describe and document the Air Force Weather Agency (AFWA) dust emission scheme for the Georgia Institute of Technology–Goddard Global Ozone Chemistry Aerosol Radiation and Transport (GOCART) aerosol model within the Weather Research and Forecasting model with chemistry (WRF-Chem) and compare it to the other dust emission schemes available in WRF-Chem. The AFWA dust emission scheme addresses some shortcomings experienced by the earlier GOCART-WRF scheme. Improved model physics are designed to better handle emission of fine dust particles by representing saltation bombardment. WRF-Chem model performance with the AFWA scheme is evaluated against observations of dust emission in southwest Asia and compared to emissions predicted by the other schemes built into the WRF-Chem GOCART model. Results highlight the relative strengths of the available schemes, indicate the reasons for disagreement, and demonstrate the need for improved soil source data.
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Cameron-Smith, P. Final Report for LDRD project 03-ERD-021: ''Analyzing the Long-Range Transport of Asian Aerosols Using an LLNL Atmospheric Model and CAMS/NOAA Measurements from Northern California''. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15014661.

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