Journal articles: 'Aeropuerto de Madrid/Barajas'

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Lorente Martínez, Isabel. "Litigación internacional, Forum Non Conveniens y daños punitivos: el caso del accidente aéreo de Spanair." Barataria. Revista Castellano-Manchega de Ciencias Sociales, no. 19 (July 1, 2015): 211–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.20932/barataria.v0i19.37.

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El 20 de agosto del año 2008 pasó a la historia de la aviación civil española como un día negro. Un avión de la compañía Spanair que despegaba desde el aeropuerto Madrid-Barajas con rumbo hacía Gran Canaria sufrió un fatal accidente al despegar. Sobrevivieron al mismo 18 personas, con heridas de diversa consideración y 154 fallecieron. Desde una perspectiva pragmática este trabajo intenta despejar dos incógnitas: la de la Competencia Judicial Internacional y la de la Ley estatal aplicable a un asunto donde hay una responsabilidad extracontractual derivada de un producto.

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Rodrigo Sanbartolomé, Francisco Agustín. "Paralización cautelar de la huelga. Entre la tutela judicial efectiva y el menoscabo del derecho fundamental." LABOS Revista de Derecho del Trabajo y Protección Social 4, no. 3 (December 4, 2023): 124–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.20318/labos.2023.8255.

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El 20 de diciembre de 2022 los Juzgados de lo Social nº 10 y nº 39 de Madrid adoptaron medidas cautelares de paralización de la huelga convocada en el Aeropuerto Adolfo Suárez Barajas. Dichos Autos han reactivado el interés doctrinal por el esclarecimiento de la admisibilidad jurídica de este tipo de medidas que fueron introducidas, por vez primera, por el Auto de 14 de mayo de 2015 de la Sala de lo Social de la Audiencia Nacional con relación a la paralización de una huelga convocada en el ámbito de la Liga Nacional de Fútbol Profesional. El presente estudio aborda el análisis de los presupuestos habilitantes de las medidas cautelares y su posible concurrencia en estos supuestos, así como los elementos delimitadores del contenido esencial del derecho fundamental de huelga en orden a valorar su eventual compatibilidad con aquéllas, sometiendo a juicio crítico individualizado las distintas resoluciones judiciales que han adoptado este tipo de medidas

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Bibián Díaz, Concepción. "Arquitectura de aeropuertos : cuatro ejemplos de terminales aeroportuarias de la década de 1930 = Arquitecture of Airports. Four air terminal examples of the 30s." Cuaderno de Notas, no. 15 (November 25, 2014): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.20868/cn.2014.2955.

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Este artículo se adentra en la reflexión sobre la arquitectura de los aeropuertos que se produjo en el momento del nacimiento de las primeras terminales de pasajeros, en la década de 1930. Antes de ese momento, el tráfico aéreo se desarrolla en Europa de forma más o menos desorganizada sirviéndose de instalaciones improvisadas en aeródromos deportivos o militares. A partir de 1930 la aviación comercial se consolida como explotación comercial, convirtiéndose además en espejo de las aspiraciones de cada nación. Para ilustrar este proceso se presentan cuatro ejemplos de terminales de pasajeros, que se corresponden con cuatro realidades nacionales, contemporáneas pero muy distintas entre sí. Abstract During the 1930s Europe witnessed the coming to fruition of early efforts to create a new sort of building: the airport terminal. Architects and engineers struggled to define its essential layout and technical demands, as well as its cultural and aesthetic implications. ¿How did these first designers deal with the invention of a new kind of architectural type? Among many other, four examples of airport terminal have been chosen to illustrate the successes and failures of the first mature approaches to this type of building, which was born at the beginning of the 20th century and has been in constant revision up to the present time: Madrid-Barajas (1933), Paris-Le Bourget (1937), Dublin-Collinstown (1940) and Berlin- Tempelhof, (started in 1936).

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Sierra, C. Erausquin, R. Martínez de Velasco Soriano, M. F. Pando Velasco, E. Benítez Cerezo, I. Gobernado Ferrando, A. Regidor Bonafonte, M. Lázaro Redondo, and A. Chinchilla Moreno. "Description of Sociodemographic Variables of Inward Psychiatric Patients Coming from an International Airport." European Psychiatry 24, S1 (January 2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(09)71022-3.

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Introduction:Ramón y Cajal Hospital is the reference medical centre for Madrid-Barajas airport. Passengers arriving at the airport who need medical assistance are brought to this hospital. A percentage of these passengers require psychiatric evaluation and frequently need to be admitted into the ward for a certain length of time.Objective:Perform a descriptive analysis of the socio-demographic and clinical variables of inward psychiatric patients referred from Madrid-Barajas airport.Methods:Revise retrospectively clinical histories of inward psychiatric patients referred from Madrid-Barajas airport in the last 5 years.Data is analyzed using the SPSS software 15.0 version.Results:We collected 99 patients, 54 of them (54.5%) are males. The 38.4% of the sample is in the age range between 25 and 34 years, and the 26.3% are between 35 and 44 years old. The most frequent countries of origin are European countries (57.6% of the sample). 28 patients of that group (49.1%) are Spanish citizens. Other 26% percent of the patients are from Centre or South-America. The most common syndromic diagnosis at discharge is psychotic disorder (62.6%) followed by affective disorder (22.2%).Conclusion:We can deduce from these data that the usual patient referred from Madrid-Barajas airport to the emergencies department for psychiatric attention is a male, between 25 and 34 years of age, from a European country, with a psychotic disorder that usually ends up in an admission into the psychiatric hospitalization unit.

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Veale, John. "New Terminal Buildings at Madrid Barajas Airport, Spain." Structural Engineering International 19, no. 2 (May 2009): 126–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/101686609788220132.

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Cerezo, E. Benítez, M. F. Pando Velasco, A. Regidor Bonafonte, R. Martínez de Velasco Soriano, I. Gobernado Ferrando, C. Erausquin Sierra, and C. Riaza Bermudo-Soriano. "Costs of the Inward Stay of Psychiatric Patients Referred from an International Airport." European Psychiatry 24, S1 (January 2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(09)71144-7.

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Introduction:Ramón y Cajal Hospital is the reference centre for Madrid-Barajas airport. Passengers at the airport who need medical assistance are brought to this hospital. A percentage of these passengers require psychiatric evaluation and frequently need to stay inward for a certain term.Objective:Calculate the approximate costs derived from the inward stay at the Psychiatry ward of patients referred from Madrid-Barajas airport.Methods:Revise retrospectively clinical histories of inward psychiatric patients referred from Barajas airport in the last 5 years. The Department of Economic management of the hospital has provided the costs of stay at the Psychiatry ward for the year 2007 (395 euros per day). Data is analyzed using the SPSS software 15.0 version.Results:The average stay of these patients is 13.96 days. Then, the average cost is 5514.2 euros. Extrapolating these data to our sample, we notice that being the reference centre for an international airport supposes an estimated cost of 545.905.8 euros (109181.16 per year) due to inward stay of psychiatric patients.Conclusion:The psychiatric attention to the airport population represents an economic extra charge that has an impact on the hospital and the National Health System. We only expose the charge derived from inward stay. To obtain a more realistic overall result we should add the costs of the attention at the emergency room to the result above.

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Zanin, Massimiliano, Ricardo Herranz, and Sophie Ladousse. "Environmental benefits of air–rail intermodality: The example of Madrid Barajas." Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review 48, no. 5 (September 2012): 1056–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tre.2012.03.008.

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HERNANDEZ, E., R. GARCIA, and M. T. TESO. "Minimum temperature forecasting by stochastic techniques : An evidence of the heat island effect." MAUSAM 42, no. 2 (February 28, 2022): 161–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v42i2.3072.

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This paper deals mainly with the forecasting of minimum temperatures (Tm) from an stochastic viewpoint. Some appropriate theoretical considerations lead to a choice of those variables significant connected to Tm. Modelling has been carried out for two nearby observatories, one in the centre of Madrid, the other one in the border (Barajas airport). The obtained models allow to show that the significant variables are the same for both locations, but performance in the peripheral area is of a rather inferior quality. It is shown, taking into account the characteristics of both places, that the difference between them can be allotted to the heat-island effect in the centre of Madrid.

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Del Blanco García, Federico Luis, and Ismael García Ríos. "Fernando Higueras y Félix Candela en un retorno a la geometría de paraguas invertidos. Análisis y reconstitución gráfica del aeropuerto de Murcia, 1983." EGA Revista de expresión gráfica arquitectónica 23, no. 32 (March 26, 2018): 232. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ega.2018.9813.

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El artículo que se expone a continuación es parte del resultado de un trabajo de investigación realizado en la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. A lo largo de este artículo se analiza el proyecto para el aeropuerto de Murcia realizado por Fernando Higueras bajo el asesoramiento de Félix Candela en el año 1982.En él se incluyen la documentación original inédita del proyecto, conservada en los depósitos del Colegio Oficial de Arquitectos de Madrid y de Cataluña, así como planos e infografías realizados por los autores del artículo para la reconstitución gráfica y posteriores estudio y análisis del aeropuerto.La geometría del proyecto se genera mediante superficies parabólico hiperbólicas, emulando la estructura de paraguas invertido que Candela desarrolló en la década de los años 50. De haberse llegado a construir, hubiera supuesto la mayor estructura de este tipo jamás realizada por Félix Candela; contaba con voladizos de 12 metros apoyados en un único pilar.

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Posada, R., E. García-Ortega, J. L. Sánchez, and L. López. "Verification of the MM5 model using radiosonde data from Madrid–Barajas Airport." Atmospheric Research 122 (March 2013): 174–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2012.10.018.

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Pérez-Rodríguez, Esteban, David Jiménez, Gema Díaz, Ivan Pérez-Walton, Manuel Luque, Carmen Guillén, Eva Mañas, and Roger D. Yusen. "Incidence of Air Travel–Related Pulmonary Embolism at the Madrid-Barajas Airport." Archives of Internal Medicine 163, no. 22 (December 8, 2003): 2766. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinte.163.22.2766.

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Soliño, Antonio Sánchez, and José M. Vassallo. "Using Public-Private Partnerships to Expand Subways: Madrid-Barajas International Airport Case Study." Journal of Management in Engineering 25, no. 1 (January 2009): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0742-597x(2009)25:1(21).

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Guijo-Rubio, D., C. Casanova-Mateo, J. Sanz-Justo, P. A. Gutiérrez, S. Cornejo-Bueno, C. Hervás, and S. Salcedo-Sanz. "Ordinal regression algorithms for the analysis of convective situations over Madrid-Barajas airport." Atmospheric Research 236 (May 2020): 104798. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2019.104798.

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Ibanez, Luís C., and Angel G. Marín. "Taxi planning: Branch and price decomposition." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering 233, no. 9 (September 19, 2018): 3395–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954410018798204.

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Taxi planning problem studies aircraft routing and scheduling on the airport ground. Taxi planning has been formulated using a binary multicommodity flow model in a space-time airport network. The flow capacity constraints are used to represent the conflicts among aircraft, given an airport’s capacity. Branch and price methodology has been adapted to take advantage of the integer model structures. The computational tests have been run with real data from Adolfo Suárez Madrid-Barajas airport. The tests were oriented toward comparing the new adapted branch and price with the classic Branch and Bound algorithm, trying to obtain conclusions that are useful for airport managers.

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Petschke, Tobias, Eduardo García, Alejandro Pérez, and Hugo Corres. "Imposed Deformations Measured on a Real Integral Structure: New Airport Terminal Barajas, Madrid, Spain." Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities 27, no. 5 (October 2013): 508–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)cf.1943-5509.0000351.

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Díaz-Fernández, Javier, Lara Quitián-Hernández, Pedro Bolgiani, Daniel Santos-Muñoz, Ángel García Gago, Sergio Fernández-González, Francisco Valero, et al. "Mountain Waves Analysis in the Vicinity of the Madrid-Barajas Airport Using the WRF Model." Advances in Meteorology 2020 (December 18, 2020): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8871546.

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Turbulence and aircraft icing associated with mountain waves are weather phenomena potentially affecting aviation safety. In this paper, these weather phenomena are analysed in the vicinity of the Adolfo Suárez Madrid-Barajas Airport (Spain). Mountain waves are formed in this area due to the proximity of the Guadarrama mountain range. Twenty different weather research and forecasting (WRF) model configurations are evaluated in an initial analysis. This shows the incompetence of some experiments to capture the phenomenon. The two experiments showing the best results are used to simulate thirteen episodes with observed mountain waves. Simulated pseudosatellite images are validated using satellite observations, and an analysis is performed through several skill scores applied to brightness temperature. Few differences are found among the different skill scores. Nevertheless, the Thompson microphysics scheme combined with the Yonsei university PBL scheme shows the best results. The simulations produced by this scheme are used to evaluate the characteristic variables of the mountain wave episodes at windward and leeward and over the mountain. The results show that north-northwest wind directions, moderate wind velocities, and neutral or slightly stable conditions are the main features for the episodes evaluated. In addition, a case study is analysed to evidence the WRF ability to properly detect turbulence and icing associated with mountain waves, even when there is no visual evidence available.

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Bolgiani, Pedro, Sergio Fernández-González, María Luisa Martin, Francisco Valero, Andrés Merino, Eduardo García-Ortega, and José Luis Sánchez. "Analysis and numerical simulation of an aircraft icing episode near Adolfo Suárez Madrid-Barajas International Airport." Atmospheric Research 200 (February 2018): 60–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2017.10.001.

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Cielecka, Katarzyna. "Variability and changes in selected climate elements in Madrid and Alicante in the period 2000-2014." Contemporary Trends in Geoscience 4, no. 1 (October 1, 2015): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ctg-2015-0006.

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Abstract The aim of this study is to compare climatic conditions between the interior of the Iberian Peninsula and the southeastern coast of Spain. The article analyzes selected elements of climate over the last 15 years (2000-2014). Synoptic data from airport meteorological stations in Madrid Barajas and Alicante Elche were used. Attention was focused on annual air temperature, relative humidity and precipitation. The mean climatic conditions over the period 2000-2014 were compared with those over the 1961-1990 period which is recommended by WMO as climate normal and with data for the 1971-2000 coming from ‘Climate Atlas’ of Spanish meteorologists group AEMET. Two of climate elements discussed were characterized by significant changes. The annual air temperature was higher by about 0.2°C in Alicante and 0.9°C in Madrid in the period 2000-2014 compared to the 1961-1990. The current winters were colder than in years 1961-1990 at both stations. Gradual decrease in annual precipitation totals was observed at both stations. In 1961-1990 the annual average precipitation in Madrid amounted to 414 mm, while in Alicante it was 356 mm. However, in the recent years of 2000-2014 these totals were lower compared to 1961-1990 reaching 364.1 mm in the central part of Spain and 245.7 mm on the south-western coast.

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Iturrioz, I., E. Hernández, P. Ribera, and S. Queralt. "Instability and its relation to precipitation over the Eastern Iberian Peninsula." Advances in Geosciences 10 (April 26, 2007): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-10-45-2007.

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Abstract. Synoptic situations producing rainfall at four rawinsonde observatories at eastern Spain are classified as stratiform or convective depending on dynamic and thermodynamic instability indices. Two daily radiosonde and daily-accumulated precipitation data from four observatories in Eastern Spain are used: Madrid-Barajas (MB), Murcia (MU), Palma de Mallorca (PA) and Zaragoza (ZA). We calculated two thermodynamic instability indices from radiosonde data: CAPE and LI. Likewise, from ERA40 reanalysis data we have calculated the Q vector divergence over the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands, as a parameter describing dynamical instability. Synoptic situations producing rainfall were classified as convective or stratiform, satisfying a criterion based on the values of dynamic and thermodynamic indices at each observatory. It is observed that the number of days with stratiform precipitation related to the total number of precipitation days follows a consistent annual pattern.

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Villegas Díaz, Manuel, Fernando Gómez Comendador, Javier García-Heras Carretero, and Rosa María Arnaldo Valdés. "Analyzing the Departure Runway Capacity Effects of Integrating Optimized Continuous Climb Operations." International Journal of Aerospace Engineering 2019 (February 11, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3729480.

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Performing Continuous Climb Operation (CCO) procedures enable the reduction of the environmental footprint and the improvement of the trajectory efficiency when individually operated. However, its operation may affect negatively the overall operational efficiency at Terminal Manoeuvring Areas (TMAs). The estimation of capacity is a matter of paramount importance to all airport planning and analyzing the capacity effects of this particular operational technique on a certain scenario will definitely help on evaluating its potential applicability. In this paper, departure runway capacity at the Adolfo Suárez Madrid-Barajas airport was operationally evaluated when introducing CCOs. The considered trajectories consisted of multiobjective optimized CCOs based on the optimal control theory, using the pseudospectral direct numerical method. These scenarios allowed addressing of the incremental variations of CCOs versus conventional departures, through fast time simulation, with the objective to assess the effects on the operations.

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Barrionuevo Ponce, Jessica Paola. "Análisis eficiencia energética y estudio de mejoras del edificio servicios AENA aeropuerto cuatro vientos Madrid." Ciencias Espaciales 13, no. 1 (June 25, 2021): 89–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/ce.v13i1.11766.

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El presente artículo exhibe resultados obtenidos durante el proyecto de Trabajo Final del Máster de Sistemas de Transporte Aéreo de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, que buscaba realizar un análisis de Eficiencia Energética del edificio de Servicios, que forma parte del Aeropuerto Cuatro Vientos de esta misma Ciudad, mediante la obtención de su Calificación Energética y poder analizar diferentes acciones que permitan mejorar el uso eficiente de recursos. El análisis parte, realizando un modelo del edifico utilizando la Herramienta Unificada LIDER-CALENER (HULC) donde se ingresan características técnicas de los materiales que conforman las infraestructuras y su geometría para cuantificar la energía que se suministra al edificio y la eficiencia con la que la energía se transforma, en base a la demanda energética del mismo. Además, se obtiene la calificación energética del edificio en base al Código Técnico de la Edificación (CTE). Esta calificación permite ubicar el comportamiento energético del edificio en una escala, compararlo con edificaciones similares y ajustar su calificación al cumplimiento de normativas y reglamentos para posteriormente, identificar las alternativas que permitan mejorar la eficiencia de las interacciones energéticas; ya sea, mejorando la eficiencia de equipos existentes, cambiando las fuentes de energía o reemplazando las tecnologías de los elementos existentes. Las principales alternativas de mejora se resumen en Climatización por Geotermia y Agua Caliente Sanitaria Solar Térmica, de las que se analizan los parámetros técnico-económicos que definan la viabilidad de las propuestas en busca de un mejor desempeño energético que favorezca al giro de negocio y principalmente reduzca el impacto ambiental.

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Díez‐Pisonero, Roberto. "Airports and cities in the context of globalisation: A multidimensional symbiosis in Adolfo Suárez‐Madrid Barajas Airport." Geographical Journal 185, no. 4 (April 10, 2019): 485–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/geoj.12299.

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Arribas, Enrique, Isabel Escobar, Antonio Martinez-Plaza, Carlos Adelantado, and Raquel Ramirez-Vazquez. "Wi-Fi inside an airplane." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1254, no. 1 (September 1, 2022): 012007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1254/1/012007.

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Abstract In this work, we present results for measurements of personal exposure to Radiofrequency electromagnetic Fields (RF-EMF) from 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi and 5.8 GHz Wi-Fi frequency bands while travelling by airplane. The flight was taken by a researcher of this work, it departed from Barajas Adolfo Suarez Airport in Madrid (Spain) and arrived in Benito Juárez International Airport (Mexico City – Mexico), on the 20th of June 2021. The measurements were carried out using two EME SPY 140 personal exposimeters. Results indicate that exposure levels change at any moment. Values are variable when the researcher is inside the airplane prior to takeoff or landing, when the airplane is airborne and when the Wi-Fi is in use or not. The average value registered during the whole flight was 123 μW/m2 with a 95 percentile of 273 μW/m2 in 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi frequency band, and the average value was 87.1 μW/m2 with a 95 percentile of 184 μW/m2 in 5.8 GHz Wi-Fi frequency band.

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Sismanidou, Athina, and Joan Tarradellas. "Traffic demand forecasting and flexible planning in airport capacity expansions: Lessons from the Madrid-Barajas new terminal area master plan." Case Studies on Transport Policy 5, no. 2 (June 2017): 188–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cstp.2016.08.003.

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Tu, Qiansi, Frank Hase, Zihan Chen, Matthias Schneider, Omaira García, Farahnaz Khosrawi, Shuo Chen, et al. "Estimation of NO₂ emission strengths over Riyadh and Madrid from space from a combination of wind-assigned anomalies and a machine learning technique." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 16, no. 8 (April 26, 2023): 2237–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-2237-2023.

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Abstract. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) air pollution provides valuable information for quantifying NOx (NOx = NO + NO2) emissions and exposures. This study presents a comprehensive method to estimate average tropospheric NO2 emission strengths derived from 4-year (May 2018–June 2022) TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) observations by combining a wind-assigned anomaly approach and a machine learning (ML) method, the so-called gradient descent algorithm. This combined approach is firstly applied to the Saudi Arabian capital city of Riyadh, as a test site, and yields a total emission rate of 1.09×1026 molec. s−1. The ML-trained anomalies fit very well with the wind-assigned anomalies, with an R2 value of 1.0 and a slope of 0.99. Hotspots of NO2 emissions are apparent at several sites: over a cement plant and power plants as well as over areas along highways. Using the same approach, an emission rate of 1.99×1025 molec. s−1 is estimated in the Madrid metropolitan area, Spain. Both the estimate and spatial pattern are comparable with the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) inventory. Weekly variations in NO2 emission are highly related to anthropogenic activities, such as the transport sector. The NO2 emissions were reduced by 16 % at weekends in Riyadh, and high reductions were found near the city center and in areas along the highway. An average weekend reduction estimate of 28 % was found in Madrid. The regions with dominant sources are located in the east of Madrid, where residential areas and the Madrid-Barajas airport are located. Additionally, due to the COVID-19 lockdowns, the NO2 emissions decreased by 21 % in March–June 2020 in Riyadh compared with the same period in 2019. A much higher reduction (62 %) is estimated for Madrid, where a very strict lockdown policy was implemented. The high emission strengths during lockdown only persist in the residential areas, and they cover smaller areas on weekdays compared with weekends. The spatial patterns of NO2 emission strengths during lockdown are similar to those observed at weekends in both cities. Although our analysis is limited to two cities as test examples, the method has proven to provide reliable and consistent results. It is expected to be suitable for other trace gases and other target regions. However, it might become challenging in some areas with complicated emission sources and topography, and specific NO2 decay times in different regions and seasons should be taken into account. These impacting factors should be considered in the future model to further reduce the uncertainty budget.

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Burrieza-Galán, J., R. Jordá, A. Gregg, P. Ruiz, R. Rodríguez, M. J. Sala, J. Torres, P. García-Albertos, O. G. Cantú Ros, and R. Herranz. "A methodology for understanding passenger flows combining mobile phone records and airport surveys: Application to Madrid-Barajas Airport after the COVID-19 outbreak." Journal of Air Transport Management 100 (May 2022): 102163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2021.102163.

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Bolgiani, Pedro, Sergio Fernández-González, Francisco Valero, Andrés Merino, Eduardo García-Ortega, José Sánchez, and María Martín. "Numerical Simulation of a Heavy Precipitation Event in the Vicinity of Madrid-Barajas International Airport: Sensitivity to Initial Conditions, Domain Resolution, and Microphysics Parameterizations." Atmosphere 9, no. 9 (August 22, 2018): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos9090329.

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Deep convection is a threat to many human activities, with a great impact on aviation safety. On 7 July 2017, a widespread torrential precipitation event (associated with a cut-off low at mid-levels) was registered in the vicinity of Madrid, causing serious flight disruptions. During this type of episode, accurate short-term forecasts are key to minimizing risks to aviation. The aim of this research is to improve early warning systems by obtaining the best WRF model setup. In this paper, the aforementioned event was simulated. Various model configurations were produced using four different physics parameterizations, 3-km and 1-km domain resolutions, and 0.25° and 1° initial condition resolutions. Simulations were validated using data from 17 rain gauge stations. Two validation indices are proposed, accounting for the temporal behaviour of the model. Results show significant differences between microphysics parameterizations. Validation of domain resolution shows that improvement from 3 to 1 km is negligible. Interestingly, the 0.25° resolution for initial conditions produced poor results compared with 1°. This may be linked to a timing error, because precipitation was simulated further east than observed. The use of ensembles generated by combining different WRF model configurations produced reliable precipitation estimates.

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Holgado González, María. "Instrumentos de lucha contra el terrorismo en la Constitución española y la legislación más reciente." LEX ORBIS / Revista de derecho de la Universidad César Vallejo 1, no. 2 (December 30, 2018): 38–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.18050/lexorbis.v1i2.2189.

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Desde los terribles atentados del 11 de septiembre de 2001 contra las Torres Gemelas de Nueva York, la sensación de inseguridad invadió a los Estados democráticos que vivían hasta entonces alejados de la amenaza terrorista y confiada en contar con medios para asegurar su integridad y el orden público. Ese temor por la propia seguridad de los ciudadanos no hizo sino crecer y extenderse como consecuencia de la serie de atentados que sucederían al del 11S, primero en Madrid con la explosión simultánea de varios trenes el fatídico 11 M (2004) y después en muchas otras ciudades europeas -la explosión de diversas bombas en el metro de Londres (2005), el asalto al semanario «Charlie Hebdo» y los ataques contra la sala de espectáculos Bataclán, el Estadio de Francia y diversos restaurantes de París (2015), la explosión de bombas en el aeropuerto y metro de Bruselas (2016), el atropello masivo con camiones y furgonetas a los asistentes a la celebración de la fiesta nacional en Niza (2016), a los asistentes a un mercado navideño en Berlín (2016) y a quienes paseaban por el centro de Barcelona (2017) -todos ellos reivindicados por el terrorismo yihadista- (ISIS, Daesh, Al Quaeda, EI) o atribuidos a éste. Un terrorismo de nuevos perfiles, que rompe con el tabú de no atacar a la población civil y que para conseguir su objetivo de sembrar el terror ataca precisamente al modo de vivir de la sociedad democrática buscando así la muerte en los medios de comunicación (Charlie Hebdo), lugares de ocio (restaurantes, cafeterías) y espectáculos (estadios de fútbol, salas de conciertos), centros comerciales, medios de transporte (ferrocarriles, metros, aeropuertos) y lugares emblemáticos de las ciudades, con un gran número de víctimas. PALABRAS CLAVE: Terrorismo; Constitución española.

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Martín Moreno, Jaime. "Las migraciones y el envejecimiento de la población." Barataria. Revista Castellano-Manchega de Ciencias Sociales, no. 5 (January 14, 2006): 89–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.20932/barataria.v0i5.259.

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Dice un proverbio mexicano: "No pidas a Dios que te dé. Pídele que te ponga donde hay". A los Magrebíes, a los Subsaharianos, a los Latinoamericanos los está poniendo Dios donde hay: en España, en la Europa rica y vieja. España es, en el año 2001, uno de los países más ricos del mundo y uno de los más viejos. Como paso obligado de África y de Latinoamérica a Europa tiene todas las características para ser un país de inmigración. En Madrid se va a construir el mayor aeropuerto europeo. No es casualidad. Hasta hace poco, en España teníamos un Instituto Nacional de Emigración, ahora tenemos un Ministerio de Inmigración que es realmente lo que representa la Delegación del Gobierno para la Inmigración. La migración, tanto si es legal como ilegal, puede alterar profundamente a una comunidad o a todo un país en muy poco tiempo. El sur y el este de España es un ejemplo. La migración representa, junto con la fecundidad y la mortalidad, uno de los fenómenos básicos en demografía. Se diferencia de la natalidad y mortalidad en muchos aspectos, además de los obvios. Para empezar tenemos que la migración resulta muy difícil de medir. Sabemos menos sobre ella que sobre la mortalidad o la fecundidad. Ello significa que lo que sabemos acerca de las complejas razones por la que la gente emigra es aún menos que lo que sabemos acerca de por qué tienen hijos (cuestión ésta compleja) y de por qué mueren. Por otro lado, ya pesar de ello, la migración ha sido objeto de un control gubernamental mucho mayor que la fecundidad y la mortalidad, y al mismo tiempo los gobiernos son muy reacios a dar información clara y continuada de la misma.

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Hrushka, Viktor V., Nataliya A. Horozhankina, Zoya V. Boyko, Maxim V. Korneyev, and Natalia A. Nebaba. "Transport infrastructure of Spain as a factor in tourism development." Journal of Geology, Geography and Geoecology 30, no. 3 (October 5, 2021): 429–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/112139.

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This article considers features of functioning of a modern transport network. Transport is an important area of infrastructure supply for the population and the state economy, the key function of which is the movement of people and goods. The current transport complex is subject to contradictory trends: as an infrastructure industry, transport is located in a position dependent on the production of social goods, and as a special sector of the economy, transport has an important impact on the regional location of production capacity and participates in the process of reproduction part of the system of economic relations. The importance of transport infrastructure in the economy, its development and operating conditions are difficult to overestimate. After all, it is the basis of the supporting framework of territorial social systems of any level. On the current state, level and opportunities for the development of the transport infrastructure depends not only the social and economic growth of territorial economic systems, but also their spatial development. Tourism plays a significant role in the development of transport infrastructure. Europe is one of the most attractive regions for tourists in the world. In turn, Spain is one of the most popular destinations for tourists from around the world as well as for European tourists. Spain plays an important role in tourist traffic in Europe. This is facilitated by its efficient transport and geographical location, developed production infrastructure, as well as historical aspects. Spain is a key country of transit by air and sea with the Americas. The flat terrain promotes the development of road and rail passenger transport across the centre of the country. And given the attractiveness to tourists and direction of tourist flows to the regions of the country, the study of geographical features of transport infrastructure is quite relevant. The peculiarities of the functioning and formation of the transport infrastructure of Spain are considered. The geographical features of the development of the infrastructure of railway, road and sea and air transport of Spain are analyzed. As for the terminals in the regions of Spain, their number also corresponds to the number of airports. Therefore, the largest number of terminals is in the Canary Islands – 9 (all airports have one terminal, except Lanzarote). There are 8 terminals in the airports of Andalusia, where all airports except Malaga have one terminal, in Malaga there are three. The two Madrid airports have 6 terminals, but 5 of them are located at the country's main airport – Madrid-Barajas. Catalonia's airports have 5 terminals, two of which are located in Barcelona El Prat. There are 4 terminals in Galicia – one each in Vigo and La Coruna and two in Santiago de Compostela. There are 4 terminals in Galicia – one each in Vigo and La Coruna and two in Santiago de Compostela. In all other regions, the number of terminals is proportional to the number of airports. An assessment of the level of development of transport infrastructure for tourism in the regions of Spain was conducted. On the basis of quantitative indicators of the analysis of the transport infrastructure of Spain, a point assessment of the level of development of the transport infrastructure of the country’s regions for the needs of tourism was carried out. Administrative units are divided into 5 groups: with the highest, high, sufficient, medium and low level of development of transport infrastructure for tourism. Transport infrastructure is most developed in the tourist regions of the country – Catalonia, Andalusia, Madrid, the Canary and Balearic Islands.

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Marinescu, Marius, Alberto Olivares, Ernesto Staffetti, and Junzi Sun. "On the Estimation of Vector Wind Profiles Using Aircraft-Derived Data and Gaussian Process Regression." Aerospace 9, no. 7 (July 13, 2022): 377. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace9070377.

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This work addresses the problem of vertical wind profile online estimation at a given location. Specifically, the north and east components of the wind are continuously estimated as functions of time and altitude at two waypoints used for landing on the Adolfo Suarez Madrid-Barajas airport. A continuous nowcast of the wind profile is performed in which wind observations are derived from the aircraft states and assimilated into the model. It is well known that wind is one of the utmost contributors to uncertainties in the current and future paradigm of Air Traffic Management. Accurate wind information is key in continuous climb and descent operations, spacing, four dimensional trajectory-based operations, and aircraft performance studies, among others. In this work, wind data are obtained indirectly from the aircraft’s states broadcast by the Mode S and ADS-B aircraft surveillance systems. The Gaussian process regression is adapted to this framework and used to solve the problem. The presented method allows to construct a complete vector wind profile at any specific position that is continuous in time and altitude; namely, there is no need for grid points and time discretisation. The Gaussian process regression is a very flexible estimator which is statistically consistent under general conditions, meaning that it converges to the underground truth when more and more data are dispensed. In addition, the Gaussian process regression approach provides the whole probability distribution of any particular estimation, allowing confidence intervals to be computed naturally. In the case study presented in this paper, in which the wind is constantly estimated, the Gaussian process regression model is iteratively updated every 15 min to capture possible changes in the wind behaviour and give an estimation of the wind profile every half a minute. The method has been validated using a test dataset, achieving a reduction of 50% of the prediction uncertainty in comparison to a baseline model. Moreover, two popular wind profile estimators based on the Kalman filter are also implemented for the sake of comparison. The Kalman filter outperforms the baseline model, but it does not outperform the Gaussian process regression with errors higher by around 35%, in comparison. The obtained results show that the Gaussian process regression of aircraft-derived data reliably nowcast the wind state, which is key in Air Traffic Management.

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Lamela, Carlos. "New terminal area for Madrid-Barajas airport." Informes de la Construcción 54, no. 479 (June 30, 2002). http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/ic.2002.v54.i479.616.

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Lamela, A. "New Terminal Area of the Madrid-Barajas airport T-4." Informes de la Construcción 58, no. 501 (March 30, 2006). http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/ic.2006.v58.i501.395.

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Lorente Martínez, Isabel. "LITIGACIÓN INTERNACIONAL, FORUM NON CONVENIENS Y DAÑOS PUNITIVOS: EL CASO DEL ACCIDENTE AÉREO DE SPANAIR." Revista Barataria, no. 19 (July 1, 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.20932/rbcs.v0i19.37.

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El 20 de agosto del año 2008 pasó a la historia de la aviación civil española como un día negro. Un avión de la compañía Spanair que despegaba desde el aeropuerto Madrid-Barajas con rumbo hacía Gran Canaria sufrió un fatal accidente al despegar. Sobrevivieron al mismo 18 personas, con heridas de diversa consideración y 154 fallecieron. Desde una perspectiva pragmática este trabajo intenta despejar dos incógnitas: la de la Competencia Judicial Internacional y la de la Ley estatal aplicable a un asunto donde hay una responsabilidad extracontractual derivada de un producto.

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GAPP, Revista. "Recensiones." Gestión y Análisis de Políticas Públicas, May 23, 2016, 113–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.24965/gapp.v0i15.10320.

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Ramió Matas, Carles. Administración pública y crisis institucional: Estrategias de reforma e innovación para España y América Latina. Tecnos, Madrid, 2015 (Miguel Anxo Bastos Boubeta).Crespo González, Jorge (director); Larrainar Zaballa, Begoña; Llorente Márquez, Jesús; Pastor Albaladejo, Gema; Redondo Lebrero, Juan Carlos; Rodríguez Montoya, José María. Crisis y reinvención de la función pública en un escenario de gobernanza multinivel. INAP, Madrid, 2016 (Juan Carlos Barajas Martínez).Zafra Víctor, Manuel. Respaldo político para buenas ideas. Mi experiencia en dos direcciones generales sobre gobiernos locales. IUSTEL Portal Derecho S.A., Madrid; 2015 (José Ignacio Martínez García).

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García Santamaría, José Vicente. "Crisis del periodismo de fuentes. Las prácticas del periodismo en España en el accidente de Spanair." Revista Latina de Comunicación Social, no. 65 (January 17, 2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.4185/rlcs-2010-1080.

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El accidente del avión McDonnell Douglas de la compañía Spanair, que ocurrió el 20 de agosto de 2008 en el aeropuerto de Barajas, y las consecuencias de carácter informativo que de este hecho se han derivado, representan una oportunidad única para abordar el estado actual de ciertas prácticas periodísticas en España. En concreto, en este hecho periodístico extraordinario, adquirió una especial relevancia la utilización de las fuentes informativas en una situación de crisis: una prueba que requiere un mayor esfuerzo para encontrar la mayor cantidad posible de fuentes, primarias y especializadas, que proporcionen, en un corto espacio de tiempo, las necesarias claves informativas e interpretativas a las audiencias de los medios. Del mismo modo, fue también una excelente ocasión para estudiar ciertas prácticas del periodismo de investigación, y de los diferentes condicionantes de la agenda mediática. Y, finalmente, como en toda catástrofe aérea, en la que se pueden llegar a dirimir indemnizaciones millonarias, ha resultado también importante la aplicación de una serie de marcos éticos, plasmados en códigos deontológicos, capaces de salvaguardar la tarea de los periodistas.

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Garzón Segura, Anni Marcela. "El patriota." Rastros Rostros 16, no. 30 (December 18, 2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.16925/ra.v16i30.922.

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Aquel día, que pisé el aeropuerto, dije “esta es y siempre será mi patria”, sintiendo que salir de mi país, más que ser mi salvación, iba a representar mi muerte. A medida que llegaba a Madrid, todo me parecía extraño. Desde la ventana del avión veía esas montañas arenosas, feas, toscas, frías y no colombianas. Las calles me olían diferente, la gente me parecía diferente, la comida me sabía diferente; pero me tomó un tiempo reconocer que el diferente siempre fui yo.

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Buisán, Samuel T., Roberto Serrano-Notivoli, John Kochendorfer, and Francisco J. Bello-Millán. "Adjustment of solid precipitation during the Filomena extreme snowfall event in Spain: from observations to “true precipitation”." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, September 8, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-22-0012.1.

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Abstract On January 2021, the heaviest snowfall in five decades hit central Spain, especially affecting Madrid. The city’s Barajas international airport closed, along with a number of roads, and all trains to and from Madrid were cancelled. This storm was named Filomena by The Spanish Meteorological Agency (AEMET), and produced continuous snowfall in Spain on 7-10 January. The observed snow depth was around 50 cm in 24 h in Madrid, and even higher in other areas of Spain. However, the measured accumulation of national precipitation gauges was not consistent with the observed accumulated snow on the ground and with the modeled weather forecast. The undercatch of solid precipitation was the primary reason for this inconsistency. This undercatch was quantified using transfer functions developed from the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Solid Precipitation Intercomparison Experiment (SPICE). Results show that an underestimation of 20-30 % of solid precipitation in large areas of Spain was observed, with some areas experiencing even larger differences. Without adjustments, it was impossible to accurately validate the model forecast. The adjusted precipitation was also more realistically distributed, and it was more consistent with all the damage that occurred. The same methods can be applied to other snowfall events occurring anywhere in the world, and also using different precipitation gauges and/or models. This an example of the type of extreme events that modelers, forecasters, and climatologists should be aware of to avoid misinterpreting differences between modelled precipitation, observed precipitation, and nowcasting

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Silvestre, Jorge, Miguel A. Martínez-Prieto, Anibal Bregon, and Pedro C. Álvarez-Esteban. "A deep learning-based approach for predicting in-flight estimated time of arrival." Journal of Supercomputing, April 24, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11227-024-06060-6.

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AbstractPredictability is key for efficient and safe air traffic management. In particular, accurately estimating time of arrival for current passenger flights may help terminal controllers to plan ahead and optimize airport operations in terms of safety and resource allocation. While traditional physics-based simulations are still widely used, they are complex to model and often fail to include many factors affecting the progress of a flight. In this paper, we propose a deep learning approach based on LSTM that leverages the 4D trajectory of the flight and weather data at the destination airport, to accurately predict estimated time of arrival. We evaluate our model on flights arriving at Adolfo Suárez-Madrid Barajas airport (Spain), in the first three quarters of 2022, achieving a mean absolute error of 2.65 min over the entire flight and reporting competitive short- and long-term predictions at different spatial and temporal horizons.

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Cañada Torrecilla, María Rosa. "Clasificación de tipos de tiempo y su influencia en las concentraciones de dióxido de nitrógeno, material particulado (PM10) y ozono en la ciudad de Madrid, España." Boletín de la Asociación de Geógrafos Españoles, December 19, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21138/bage.2508.

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El establecimiento de los tipos de tiempo y la contaminación atmosférica asociada a los mismos son los dos objetivos que se han perseguido en esta investigación. Los datos utilizados han sido las variables meteorológicas diarias de superficie y de 850Hpa de la estación de Madrid (Barajas) y los niveles de inmisión diarios de NO2, PM10 y O3 de las estaciones de la red de calidad del aire del Ayuntamiento de Madrid. Las técnicas empleadas han sido el análisis factorial con el método de componentes principales para eliminar información redundante y el análisis de cluster con la técnica de Ward para delimitar los tipos de tiempo. Se ha constatado que el tiempo anticiclónico de centro invierno, ligado a masas de aire frío y seco, es el que produce elevadas concentraciones de NO2 y de PM10. Mientras que el tiempo anticiclónico de verano está asociado a elevadas concentraciones de ozono y si además hay invasiones de aire sahariano también hay elevadas inmisiones de PM10. Por el contrario, los tipos de tiempo con vientos más fuertes, ya sean anticiclónicos o ciclónicos, desencadenan menores niveles de inmisión de contaminantes.

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Cordero Gulá, Raúl, and Marina Pérez Pérez. "Runa Allpa Sumaq, herramienta de evaluación de la sostenibilidad en edificaciones del Ecuador." Cuadernos de Vivienda y Urbanismo 13 (September 29, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.11144/javeriana.cvu13.rash.

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El proyecto de investigación “Complementos para las herramientas de evaluación de la sostenibilidad de la arquitectura, una evaluación más universal RUNA ALLPA SUMAQ”, propone evaluar la arquitectura en sus aspectos estéticos y emocionales, atendiendo a las diferencias culturales y considerando los aspectos sociales, energéticos y de medio ambiente. Runa Allpa Sumaq, como ejercicio preliminar, se aplica a edificios de América y Europa y permite observar las relaciones entre los criterios estéticos-emocionales y su relación con los energéticos y medioambientales. De ello se presentan dos casos de estudio:el Caixa fórum en Madrid y el Aeropuerto de Baltra en Galápagos, en los cuales se encuentran dicotomías para la aplicación de Runa Allpa Sumaq. Con los resultados obtenidos de la aplicación Runa Allpa Sumaq se dan, a modo de conclusiones, lo que aconsideración de los autores son características de la arquitectura estéticas-sostenibles.

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Martínez Gregori, Carmen. "La modernidad en Valencia a través de tres obras del arquitecto Mauro Lleó." I2 Innovación e Investigación en Arquitectura y Territorio 5, no. 1 (December 31, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.14198/i2.2017.5.06.

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Después del estancamiento a nivel urbanístico que supuso la etapa autárquica, comenzó el verdadero “boom” urbano que doblaría el área urbanizada de la ciudad de Valencia. A partir de la solución estructural radio-concéntrica que planteaba el PGOU de 1946, se establecieron los nuevos ejes del desarrollo tanto urbanos como industriales, siendo el del oeste, el de Manises-Quart de Poblet-Aldaia, el especializado en la industria metálica.Pero el Plan no era viable sin una red de vías radiales que dieran a los caminos históricos la proporción adecuada a su nueva condición. Este es el caso del Camí Reial de Castilla que en el año 1953 se abría al tránsito, convirtiéndose en la nueva entrada de la carretera de Madrid a la ciudad de Valencia y la conexión con el aeropuerto de Manises.Se creaba así un gran eje comercial e industrial a lo largo del cual se instalarían grandes empresas dadas sus buenas comunicaciones con la capital del Estado. Es el caso de la embotelladora Coca-Cola (1958), de la fábrica de transformados metálicos FLEX (1961) o de la filial de S.E.A.T (1965), edificios todos obra del mismo arquitecto, Mauro Lleó Serret (1914-2001), y que se convirtieron en pioneros de la modernidad en la ciudad.La planta de embotellar Coca-Cola, aún siendo deudora de los modelos de Gutiérrez-Soto en cuanto a materiales, juega en su composición con volúmenes sencillos de una o dos plantas que macla con acierto relacionando el programa que contienen. La fábrica FLEX es un edificio industrial en altura que muestra en fachada la retícula estructural que lo sostiene que, aunque todavía de hormigón, se confirma como recurso compositivo que va acercando al arquitecto a las soluciones constructivas miesianas y finalmente, el edificio para S.E.A.T. constituyó un paso hacia la construcción estandarizada y la prefabricación, aunque todavía con recelos, en la solución de sus fachadas a base de muros cortina, brise-soleil y marquesinas metálicas.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Aeropuerto de Madrid/Barajas'

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