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Academic literature on the topic 'Aéronefs – Commande automatique'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Aéronefs – Commande automatique"
Oliveira, Tomas Lopes de. "Commande automatique de véhicules convertibles à poussée vectorielle." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024COAZ4055.
Full textThis thesis addresses the control of convertible aerial vehicles with vectorized thrust. It presents a unified control solution designed to operate effectively across various flight regimes, including hovering, cruise, and the critical transitions between these phases. The research delivers three significant contributions to the field of aerospace control systems. The first contribution expands the scope of the control solution to include low-speed flight, a domain where traditional control methods often fall short. This is achieved by devising a tailored strategy for hovering, coupled with a control policy that manages the transition phases between hovering and cruise flight. This ensures smooth and efficient transitions, which is critical for operational flexibility and safety in real-world applications. The second contribution involves the estimation of the air velocity, a vital parameter for maintaining effective control throughout all flight phases. The proposed observer not only estimates this velocity but also provides robust attitude estimation. It utilizes data from the Pitot tube, accelerometers, and gyroscopes. The approach combines the Riccati observer framework with the equivariant filter designs. The uniform observability conditions required for the well-conditioning of the proposed observer are identified and characterized. The observer's performance and effectiveness have been tested and validated using realistic simulated data and data from real-world flight experiments, demonstrating its practical applicability and robustness. The third contribution focuses on the practical implementation of the control system across various drone configurations to provide a comprehensive solution that enhances the operational capabilities of convertible vehicles with vectorized thrust. It carefully considers each flight regime's specific motor actuation and control surfaces' requirements. The theoretical developments are validated through extensive simulations and real-world flight tests to achieve a robust control scheme with high performance. These tests are conducted under various conditions, including challenging environments with strong winds. Flight experiments performed on two different drone platforms—one with tiltable rotors and another with fixed motors—showcase the versatility and efficiency of the proposed control approach in handling diverse real-world scenarios
Miquel, Thierry. "Contribution à la synthèse de lois de commande pour la navigation relative entre aéronefs." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00933491.
Full textCoutard, Laurent. "Appontage automatique d'avions par asservissement visuel." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00829831.
Full textAntoinette, Patrice Luc. "Techniques de robustesse et d'auto-séquencement pour la commande auto-adaptative des aéronefs." Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ESAE0018/document.
Full textMany linear methods exist to design a robust controller for an uncertain linear system. This thesis considered the situation where the range of possible values of parameters is "very large" in relation to "small" variations in the desired level of performance. Frequently, an increase in robustness is obtained at the expense of a performance loss. The use of scheduled controllers may be an innovative way to address this problem. The implementation of this solution requires the controller has at its disposal the parameters on which the scheduling is done. However, it may occur that making the measure of the parameters available is not desired (for example, because of practical implementation aspects) or not possible. In these situations, the designer of the controller is led to estimate these parameters and then to use the paradigm of adaptive control. This thesis explored a methodology for designing an adaptive controller in which to solve the problem of robust control for an uncertain linear plant. A theoretical study was first undertaken which aimed to propose such a methodology; followed by, a study of the case of an unstable airplane as an application. Such an analysis highlighted the benefits that the proposed strategy can bring to the control for an uncertain plant
Achour, Walid. "Estimation à erreurs bornées et guidage pilotage des aéronefs autonomes en milieu perturbé." Phd thesis, Supélec, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00795270.
Full textCunis, Torbjørn. "Modeling, analysis, and control for upset recovery : from system theory to unmanned aircraft flight." Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ESAE0027.
Full textUpset flight dynamics are characterised by unstable, highly nonlinear behaviourof the aircraft aerodynamic system. As upsets often lead to in-flight loss-of-control (LOC-I) accidents,it still poses a severe threat to today’s commercial aviation. Contributing to almost everysecond fatality in civil aviation while representing merely 10% of the total accidents (both fataland nonfatal), the International Air Transport Association has classified LOC-I as the “highestrisk to aviation safety”. Considerable effort has been undertaken in response by academics,manufacturers, commercial airlines, and authorities to predict and prevent LOC-I events as wellas recover from upset conditions into the nominal flight envelope. As result, researchers fromboth aeronautical engineering and system theory have made significant contributions towardsaviation safety; however, approaches from engineering and theory are rather disparate. This thesistherefore focuses on the application and transfer of system theoretical results to engineeringapplications.In particular, we have found simple polynomial models for aircraft dynamics, despite commonin the system theoretical literature, failing to represent full-envelope aerodynamics accurately.Advanced fitting methods such as multi-variate splines, on the other hand, are unsuitable forsome of the proposed functional analysis methods. Instead, a simple piecewise defined polynomialmodel proves to be accurate in fitting the aerodynamic coefficients for low and high angles ofattack. State-of-the-art bifurcation analysis and analysis based on sum-of-squares programmingtechniques are extended for this class of models and applied to a piecewise equations of motionof the Generic Transport Model (GTM). In the same spirit, we develop a model for a small,fixed-wing aircraft based on static continuous fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. In the lackof dynamic coefficients from CFD, we identify a pitch-damping model comparing bifurcationanalysis and flight data that predicts well dynamics and stability of deep-stall flight.Previous developments in sum-of-squares programming have been promising for the certificationof nonlinear dynamics and flight control laws, yet their application in aeronauticalengineering halted. In combination with piecewise polynomial modeling, we are able to re-applythis technique for analysis in an accurate but computationally feasible manner to verify stablerecovery. Subsequently, we synthesise inherently stable linear and polynomial feedback laws fordeep-stall recovery. We further extend the estimation of regions of attraction for the piecewisepolynomial model towards an improved algorithm for local stability analysis of arbitrary switchingsystems, such as splines, thus making our work available for future analysis and certificationof highly accurate algebraic models.With highly nonlinear dynamics and critical state and input constraints challenging upsetrecovery, model-predictive control (MPC) with receding horizon is a powerful approach. MPCfurther provides a mature stability theory contributing towards the needs for flight control certification.Yet, for realistic control systems careful algebraic or semi-algebraic considerationsare necessary in order to rigorously prove closed-loop stability. Employing sum-of-squares programming,we provide a stability proof for a deep-stall recovery strategy minimising the loss ofaltitude during recovery. We further demonstrate MPC schemes for recovery from spiral andoscillatory spin upsets in an uncertain environment making use of the well-known and freelyavailable high-fidelity GTM desktop simulation.The results of this thesis are thus promising for future system theoretic approaches in modeling,analysis, and control of aircraft upset dynamics for the development and certification offlight control systems in order to prevent in-flight loss-of-control accidents
Kerhuel, Lubin. "Capteurs optiques minimalistes et réflexes oculomoteurs biomimétiques : Applications à la robotique aérienne." Montpellier 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON20176.
Full textIn mobile robotics, navigation based on vision use traditional imagers type "camera", with hundreds of thousands of pixels. The treatment of these flows of images requires a computing power that would be difficult today to embark on a micro-aircraft with a few grams or tens of grams. There are already some robotics agents whose performance navigation in unfamiliar surroundings are unparalleled and yet operate any other way. Birds and insects show a unique ability to avoid obstacles and to pursue prey or conspecifics, an ability that stems from their unique perception of the environment. The original minimalist sensors allow insects to perceive the environment effectively despite their low cognitive abilities. Some insects, like the fly, further improve their perception of the environment by stabilizing their visual system with a decoupling head-body controlled by an equivalent inertial vestibulo-ocular reflex in mammals. This stabilization of the visual platform is apparently essential to simplify the visual processing and implement strategies for effective navigation. The thesis is based largely on these biological considerations and based on two axes: • a first axis "sensor" that is deliberately builds around a basic eye (consisting of only two photoreceptors, thus two pixels). We first improved the performance of optical flow sensor inspired by the fly and built in the laboratory. Then we proposed a new principle of visual processing that permit measurement of very precise angular position of an edge contrast. • a second axis "visuo-inertial reflex" for which we have developed a new mini aerial robot called OSCAR 2. Equipped with our new optical sensor, OSCAR 2, which weighs only 100 grams, is capable of staring at a stationary visual target, and further tracking a moving target, despite strong aerodynamic disturbances imposed on its body. It prefigures the micro-air vehicles of tomorrow, who will head where they focus their gaze