Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Aeronautics'
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1
Bergström, Linda, and Johanna Säreborn. "Value stream mapping at SAAB Aeronautics." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Kommunikations- och transportsystem, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-139024.
Abstract:
Detta examensarbete handlar om att skapa en flödeskartläggning samt utvärdera materialförsörjningen mellan Saab Aeronautics och deras tredjepartslogistiker Servistik. Servistik försörjer Saabs produktion med material och dylikt med hjälp av det s.k. linjeflödet på vilket transporterna sker. Nu står Saab inför en taktökning, närmare bestämt för flygplanet Gripen E. Målet med detta arbete har varit att ta fram ett underlag för hur denna taktökning kan påverka materialförsörjningen, samt ge förslag på lösningar kring hur linjeflödet ska kunna hantera detta. Redan idag finns det tillfällen då allt material riskerar att inte får plats på linjeflödets fordon, och det är tydligt att linjeflödet måste ses över och modifieras vid en framtida taktökning. Genom observationer och intervjuer har en flödeskartläggning gjorts för att tydliggöra hur linjeflödet är uppbyggt samt fungerar i dagsläget. Syftet med flödeskartläggningen var att identifiera vilka flaskhalsar och problem som uppstått alt. kan uppstå på och kring linjeflödet. Utifrån observationer har beräkningar genomförts för att erhålla ett genomsnittligt medelvärde för de pallar och lådor som är vanligast förekommande som emballage på linjeflödet. Dessa värden har använts för att beräkna procentuella ökningar i materialmängd. Därefter har ett antal lösningsförslag tagits fram för hur olika flaskhalsar och scenarier kan hanteras. De två främsta förslagen som presenteras i detta examensarbete är att dels införa s.k. slot-tider för externa transportörer i godsmottagningen på området, samt att dela upp linjeflödets nuvarande rutt i två mindre rutter. Detta för att både kunna eliminera flaskhalsen som uppstår i godsmottagningen som innebär förseningar i linjeflödets transporter, men även för att senare kunna hantera den ökade mängd material som ska transporteras till respektive hus för produktion.
2
Mezannar, Nay <1984>. "Innovative Man Machine Interfaces In Aeronautics." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6901/1/Mezannar_Nay_tesi.pdf.
Abstract:
The research activity focused on the study, design and evaluation of innovative human-machine interfaces based on virtual three-dimensional environments.
It is based on the brain electrical activities recorded in real time through the electrical impulses emitted by the brain waves of the user. The achieved target is to identify and sort in real time the different brain states and adapt the interface and/or stimuli to the corresponding emotional state of the user.
The setup of an experimental facility based on an innovative experimental methodology for “man in the loop" simulation was established. It allowed involving during pilot training in virtually simulated flights, both pilot and flight examiner, in order to compare the subjective evaluations of this latter to the objective measurements of the brain activity of the pilot. This was done recording all the relevant information versus a time-line.
Different combinations of emotional intensities obtained, led to an evaluation of the current situational awareness of the user. These results have a great implication in the current training methodology of the pilots, and its use could be extended as a tool that can improve the evaluation of a pilot/crew performance in interacting with the aircraft when performing tasks and procedures, especially in critical situations.
This research also resulted in the design of an interface that adapts the control of the machine to the situation awareness of the user. The new concept worked on, aimed at improving the efficiency between a user and the interface, and gaining capacity by reducing the user’s workload and hence improving the system overall safety.
This innovative research combining emotions measured through electroencephalography resulted in a human-machine interface that would have three aeronautical related applications:
• An evaluation tool during the pilot training;
• An input for cockpit environment;
• An adaptation tool of the cockpit automation.
3
Mezannar, Nay <1984>. "Innovative Man Machine Interfaces In Aeronautics." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6901/.
Abstract:
The research activity focused on the study, design and evaluation of innovative human-machine interfaces based on virtual three-dimensional environments.
It is based on the brain electrical activities recorded in real time through the electrical impulses emitted by the brain waves of the user. The achieved target is to identify and sort in real time the different brain states and adapt the interface and/or stimuli to the corresponding emotional state of the user.
The setup of an experimental facility based on an innovative experimental methodology for “man in the loop" simulation was established. It allowed involving during pilot training in virtually simulated flights, both pilot and flight examiner, in order to compare the subjective evaluations of this latter to the objective measurements of the brain activity of the pilot. This was done recording all the relevant information versus a time-line.
Different combinations of emotional intensities obtained, led to an evaluation of the current situational awareness of the user. These results have a great implication in the current training methodology of the pilots, and its use could be extended as a tool that can improve the evaluation of a pilot/crew performance in interacting with the aircraft when performing tasks and procedures, especially in critical situations.
This research also resulted in the design of an interface that adapts the control of the machine to the situation awareness of the user. The new concept worked on, aimed at improving the efficiency between a user and the interface, and gaining capacity by reducing the user’s workload and hence improving the system overall safety.
This innovative research combining emotions measured through electroencephalography resulted in a human-machine interface that would have three aeronautical related applications:
• An evaluation tool during the pilot training;
• An input for cockpit environment;
• An adaptation tool of the cockpit automation.
4
pozzobon, oscar. "Satellite Navigation Authentication and applications in Aeronautics." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3426197.
Abstract:
GNSS is becoming a fundamental mean of navigation for aviation, unmanned aircraft including drones and rockets. Although integrity of the system has been planned and designed since the 70s, little few work have been performed in the domain of security related to satellite navigation systems and aviation. The emerging threats refers to mainly intentional interferences such as jamming and spoofing.
Today in an aircraft cockpit there is a number of technologies that rely on Global Satellite Navigation Systems (GNSS), from flight management to Timing, Navigation and anti-collision to Auto pilot functions. The increasing use of GNSS in the flight management and auto pilot systems and its benefits both for navigation and surveillances are the baseline to design protection and alerting systems for GNSS. This thesis begins with an introduction and review of use of GNSS in aeronautics with a particular focus in aviation. A number of critical avionics components are identified and potential risk and security issues are identified and discussed. A generalized theoretical threat model is defined which can be used as a starting point for risk assessment and analysis of vulnerabilities of GNSS. Attacks are categorized in different sophistication that can be used by risk planners to model the security requirements and probability of risk. The work continues with a theoretical background of GNSS authentication, to introduce the philosophical aspects of GNSS authentication design. Three postulates are announced and explained, which have the objectives to provide an instrument for verification of correct authentication protocol design and verification. The work analyzes two main possibilities for protecting the radio navigation in aeronautics: Aircraft protections, which include protections in the GNSS receiver or integration with other equipment in order to verify and mitigate any attacks, and GNSS System protections, which discusses authentication services that can be implemented in the ground or space component of GNSS. Details and results of all different techniques are presented and discussed for every group of technique presented. A final concluding chapter analyzes the pros and cons of the different techniques and attempts to perform an example of how risk assessment can be performed by government or service providers using as input the safety requirements and comparing them with the different attacks and protection techniques. The work concludes with directions and guidelines for future work.I sistemi di navigazione satellitare stanno diventando un mezzo fondamentale di navigazione per l’aviazione ed aeronautica e la navigazione senza pilota, incluso droni e razzi. Sebbene l’integrità sia stata studiata ed implementata dagli anni 70, poco è stato fatto per discutere la sicurezza degli stessi nel settore dell’aviazione. I pericoli ed attachi che stanno emergendo sono in particolare interferenze di jamming e spoofing. Ad oggi nelle cabine pilota dei moderni aerei vi sono installate un gran numero di tecnologie che si basano sui sistemi di navigazione satellitare (GNSS), dalla gestione del volo al tempo, alla navigazione ed anti-collisione, alle funzioni di auto pilota. L’uso sempre più commune del GNSS nei sistemi di gestione del volo e gli autopilota ed I benefici per sia la navigazione che la sorveglianza sono le basi per il design dei sistemi di protezione ed alert del GNSS. La tesi inizia con una review ed introudzione al GNSS ed aeronautica con particolare focus all’aviazione civile. Gli elementi critici dell’avionica ed i potenziali rischi e limiti di sicurezza sono identificati e discussi. Un modello teorico generale è presentato e discusso ed usato come base per le discussioni sulla valutazione del rischio e dell’analisi vulnerabilità del GNSS. Gli attacchi sono categorizzati con diversi livelli di sofisticazione e possono essere usati per pianificare e modellare il rischio Il lavoro continua con introduzione al background della autenticazione GNSS ed introduce aspetti teorici dell’autenticazione. Tre postulati sono enunciati e spiegati, con l’obiettivo di dare uno strumento per la corretta definizione e progettazione degli schemi di autenticazione. Il lavoro analizza due maggiori possibilità per introdurre sicurezza nel settore dell’aviazione: protezione a livello dell’aereo e quindi dei sistemi avionici e protezione a livello sistema GNSS. Un numero di tecniche per la protezione a livello aereo e a livello GNSS sono presentate e per le quali sono state effettuate diverse sperimentaizoni e simulazioni. I risultati vengono presentati e discussi nelle varie sottosezioni e per ogni gruppo di tecniche presentate. Un capitolo in conclusione confronta le varie tecniche e cerca di fornire uno strumento su cui fare del risk assessment e come baseline per la definizione dei requisiti. Il lavoro conclude con conclusioni generali e proposte per lavoro futuro.
5
Mellqvist, Hanna, and Elise Lord. "Optimeringsverktyg för att effektivisera huvudprogrammet på Saab Aeronautics." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för teknik och naturvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-170827.
Abstract:
Saab är ett ledande företag på marknaden inom försvar- och säkerhetslösningar. De levererar produkter, tjänster och lösningar inom både militärt försvar och civil säkerhet. Saab Aeronautics tillverkar och utvecklar stridsflygplanet JAS 39 Gripen. Saab har en pågående affär med det brasilianska flygvapnet som inkluderar produktion och utveckling av totalt 36 stycken stridsflygplan av modellerna Gripen E och Gripen F. Planering kan ske på strategisk, taktisk eller operativ nivå. Om leveranstiden till kunden är lång är det vanligt att den strategiska och taktiska nivån slås samman, vilket också är fallet på Saab där nivåerna slagits samman och benämns som huvudplanering. Huvudplaneringen har som uppgift att ta fram ett huvudprogram för produktion av Gripen med en planeringshorisont på tio år. För att produktionen ska vara effektiv är det viktigt att huvudprogrammet är så bra utformat som möjligt, samt att det inkluderar alla avtalade teknikutbyten. I dagsläget har huvudplaneringen inget optimeringsverktyg som på ett systematiskt vis inkluderar de faktorer som bör tas hänsyn till vid framtagandet av ett huvudprogram. Syftet med examensarbetet är att utreda vad som krävs för att huvudplaneringen ska kunna ta hänsyn till fler faktorer vid framtagande av huvudprogram. En matematisk modell för Saab togs fram och därefter var planen att implementera den i Excel, eftersom huvudplaneringen använder denna programvara i dagsläget. Under arbetets gång upptäcktes det att Excel har begränsningar som gjorde att det inte var möjligt att implementera den matematiska modellen enligt den matematiska notationen. En avvägning om att endera fokusera på implementerbarhet eller teknisk noggrannhet gjordes och implementerbarhet valdes. Ett verktyg som inkluderar de krav som anges i den matematiska modellen skapades i Excel. För att verifiera den matematiska modellen implementerades den i optimeringsverktyget AMPL. Därefter gjordes en jämförelse mellan de olika verktygen för att visa på eventuella skillnader i resultatet som de genererade. Arbetet resulterade i en matematisk modell för Saab och ett verktyg i Excel. Modellen tar hänsyn till olika typer av teknikutbyte, att ledtiden är inom tillåtet tidsspann för varje aktivitet och att glapptider minimeras. Verktyg i Excel tar hänsyn till faktorerna som inkluderades i den matematiska modellen. För att målet ska uppnås krävs djupare utredning kring befintliga programvaror eller att investera i en ny programvara.Saab is a global company within defense and security, and they deliver products, services and solutions within military defense and civil security. The business area Aeronautics develop and produce the aircraft system JAS 39 Gripen. Saab has a contract with the Brazilian air force which includes development and production of 36 aircraft systems. There are three different levels of planning, strategical, tactical and operational. It is common to merge the strategical and tactical level if the delivery time is long. The strategical and tactical level at Saab is one unit and they are called Master Planning. The main task for Master Planning is to create a master production schedule with a planning horizon of ten years. It is important that the master production schedule includes all technological transfers and that the schedule is as efficient as possible. They do not use any technological tool that systematically includes all factors that needs to be taken into account when creating a schedule. The aim with this master thesis is to investigate how more factors can be integrated when developing the master production schedule. A mathematical model for Saab was created. Then the plan was to implement the mathematical model in Excel, since the Master Planning use this tool currently. During the implementation it was discovered that Excel has limitations that makes it impossible to implement the mathematical model according to the mathematical notation. A tradeoff was made, to either focus on implementability or technological accuracy, and implementability was chosen. Then a tool was created in Excel, which includes the requirements from the mathematical model. To verify the mathematical model, it was implemented in the optimization tool AMPL. Then a comparison between Excel and AMPL was made, to be able to show possible differences. The result of the master thesis is a mathematical model for Saab and a tool in Excel. The mathematical model includes different types of technological transfer, lead time requirements and minimization of gap time. The tool in Excel includes the requirements which is specified in the mathematical model. To be able to achieve the goal, an investigation must be done to find out if Saab can use any existing software at the company or if they need to invest in a new type of software.
6
Alroqi, Abdurrhman Atig. "Investigation of the heat and wear of aircraft landing gear tyres." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2017. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/68761/.
Abstract:
In aircraft, the main landing gear wheels skid on the runway at the moment of touchdown because of high slip. A slipping tyre generates enough heat to melt its rubber. Melted rubber is easily eroded by the friction force between the tyre and runway; and part of eroded rubber stays on the runway, and other is burnt off as smoke. Since the early days of airplane use, a number of ideas have been patented to improve tyre safety and decrease the substantial wear and smoke during every landing by spinning the gear wheels before touchdown. In this thesis, there are three parts of research work. First part is to find the effectiveness of the technique of pre-spinning the wheel to reduce the tyre tread heat and wear, and then choosing the initial wheel rotation speed that prevent the tread rubber from melting temperature. For achieving this, a coupled structural – thermal transient analysis in ANSYS has been used to model a single wheel main landing gear as a mass-spring system. This model has been chosen to analyze the wheel's dynamic behaviour and tyre tread temperature and wear during the short period from static to a matching free-rolling velocity in which the wheel is forced to accelerate by the friction between the tyre and ground. The tyre contact surface temperature and wear have been calculated for both the initially static and pre-spun wheels in order to compare the temperature and wear levels for different initial rotation speeds. In the second part, the required torque to spin the aircraft wheel to the required angular speed at approach speed has been calculated using ANSYS CFX, which is used to determine the wheel aerodynamic forces developed by simulation of fluid flows in a virtual environment. In the last part, several types of wind turbines have been simulated.
7
Alkandri, Ahmad. "Design and performance assessment of correlation filters for the detection of objects in high clutter thermal imagery." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2014. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/49954/.
Abstract:
The research reported in this thesis has examined means of enhancing the performance of the Optimal Trade-off Maximum Average Correlation Height (OT-MACH) filter for target detection in Forward Looking Infra-Red (FLIR) imagery acquired from a helicopter and border security FLIR camera in northern Kuwait. The data acquired with these FLIR sensors allows real-world evaluation of the comparative performance of the various filters that have been developed in the thesis. The results obtained have been quantified using well known performance measures such as Peak to Side-lobe Ratio (PSR) and Total Detection Error (TDE). The initial focus was to study the effect of modifying the OT-MACH parameters on the correlation metrics. A new optimisation technique has been presented, which computes statistically the filter alpha parameter associated with controlling the response of the filter to clutter noise. A further modification of the OT-MACH filter performance using the Difference of Gaussian bandpass filter (named the D-MACH filter) as a pre-processing stage has been described. The D-MACH has been applied to several test images containing single and multiple targets in the scene. Enhanced performance of the modified filter is demonstrated with improved metrics being obtained with less false side peaks in the correlation plane, especially when multiple targets are present in the test images. A further pre-processing technique was investigated using the Rayleigh distribution as a pre-processing filter (named the R-MACH filter). The R-MACH filter has been applied to multiple target types with tests conducted across various image data sets. The filter demonstrated an improvement over the Difference of Gaussian filter in terms of 6 reducing the number of parameters needing to be tuned whilst producing further enhanced correlation plane metrics. Finally, recommendations for future work has been made to improve the use of the OT-MACH filter in target detection and identification. A novel training image representation is proposed for further investigation, which will minimise the computational intensity of using the MACH filter for unconstrained object recognition.
8
Bramer, Elinor C. "Development of a particle in cell code for the simulation of dual stage ion thrusters." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2014. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/48913/.
Abstract:
This thesis focuses on the design, development and testing of a two dimensional particle in cell (PIC) code (PICSIE) written in Matlab. The code is applied to the specific problem of modelling the performance of dual stage ion thrusters. The code simulates one full aperture within dual stage ion thruster systems, focusing on the flow of ions through the aperture. Only the ions have been included in the simulation in order to minimize running time. The results produced by the simulation code are compared with results obtained from the vacuum chamber testing of the DS4G prototype, along with results from other simulation codes and research papers in order to verify the performance of the simulation code. The Dual-Stage 4-Grid (DS4G) and Dual-Stage 3-Grid (DS3G) thrusters are both sim- ulated in order to compare the performance of the two thrusters and assess the benefits and disadvantages of including the fourth grid in a dual stage thruster system. Different grid configurations are simulated in order to find the most efficient configuration of the ion optics and accelerating voltages for each thruster, with the aim being to find the con- figurations that produce the maximum particle momentum, thrust and specific impulse while minimizing the rate of erosion of the ion optics and maximising the efficiency of the thruster. These simulations are applied to the problem of deciding if the advantages provided in using a 4th grid outweigh the disadvantages compared to the 3 grid design. The results show that if erosion due to backstreaming ions is disregarded, including the fourth grid in the thruster design results in no apparent advantages in terms of the perfor- mance parameters studied in this work. The only noticeable difference between the three and four grid cases is a significant increase in the change in ion momentum observed when the fourth grid is not included in the design. The conclusion of the work is that the fourth grid should not be included in the dual stage design unless a very long lifetime is required and it is thought that erosion due to backstreaming will prevent the three grid thruster from fulfilling this criteria. The concept of propagating waves through the plasma within the ion thruster discharge chamber is investigated, with the aim of discovering any benefits and improvements in performance that may arise and forming a conclusion on whether further study on the topic of waves within the discharge chamber may be beneficial. No improvements in per- formance parameters were observed in this work, although further study in the area may show benefits to introducing waves into the plasma.
9
Langari, Mostafa. "Large eddy simulation of separated boundary layer transition under free-stream turbulence." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2014. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/48940/.
Abstract:
Physics of laminar-to-turbulent transition in a separated-reattached flow subjected to two free-stream turbulence levels have been explored using Large-Eddy Simulation (LES). Separation of the laminar boundary layer occurs at a curvature change over a flat plate with a semi-circular leading edge. A numerical trip has been used to generate the targeted free-stream turbulence levels. A dynamic Sub-grid-scale (SGS) model has been employed and excellent agreement has been achieved between the LES results and the experimental data. Detailed investigation of the LES data has been carried out to explore the primary instability mechanism at low (< 0.2%) and high free-stream turbulence (5.6%). The flow visualisations and spectral analysis of the separated shear layer reveal that the two-dimensional Kelvin-Helmholtz instability mode, well known to occur at low free-stream turbulence levels, is bypassed at a higher level leading to earlier breakdown to turbulence. The whole transition process leading to breakdown to turbulence has been revealed clearly by the flow visualisations and the differences between the low and high free-stream turbulence cases are clearly evident. Coherent structures are also visualised using iso-surfaces of the Q-criterion and for the high free-stream turbulence case the spanwise oriented two-dimensional rolls, which are clearly apparent in the low free-stream turbulence case, are not visible anymore. Detailed quantitative comparisons between the present LES results against experimental data and the previous LES results at low free-stream turbulence using a staggered grid have been done and a good agreement has been obtained, indicating that the current LES using a co-located grid with pressure smoothing can predict transitional flows accurately. Comprehensive spectral analysis of the separated shear layer at two free-stream turbulence levels has been performed. Under very low free-stream turbulence condition, a distinct regular vortex shedding and trace of the low-frequency flapping phenomena were detected. Under the higher free-stream turbulence however, a mild high-frequency activity was observed. No low frequency oscillations could be detected.
10
Melin, Tomas. "Multidisciplinary Design in Aeronautics, Enhanced by Simulation-Experiment Synergy." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Kungliga Tekniska högskolan, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3996.
11
Kanmert, Jacob, Joakim Lindh, and Joel Welin. "Prestationsmätning i komplexa projekt : - En fallstudie på Saab Aeronautics." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för maskinteknik (MT), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-75059.
Abstract:
Organisationer med komplexa projekt som sträcker sig över ett flertal år finner svårigheter att förhålla sig till projektens fördefinierade parametrar tid, kostnad och omfattning. Skenande kostnader och förseningar är vanligt förekommande i dessa typer av projekt, då projekten omfattar ett samspel av ett flertal aktiviteter och där projektets omfattning ofta förändras. Det finns metoder som verksamheter kan tillämpa för att kontrollera ovannämnda parametrar och i ett tidigt skede kunna identifiera när någon av parametrar tenderar att överskridas. En metod som styrker prestationsmätningar är Earned Value Mangament, EVM. Syftet med studien var att identifiera vart organisationer brister gentemot branschstandarden inom EVM, ANSI/EIA-748. Standarden innehåller viktiga steg för att kunna utföra en korrekt prestationsmätning tillsammans med teorin från Earned Value Management. Resultat studien presentera indikerar på att organisationer måste skapa tydliga riktlinjer hur ANSI/EIA-748 skall tillämpas. Till exempel att alla bryter ner arbetet och fördelar sina budgetar på samma sätt. Studiens resultat antyder också att Rolling Wave är ett lämpligt verktyg för komplexa och långa projekt. Av den anledningen att projektledare inte planerar för mycket i onödan eftersom projektets omfattning ständigt förändras.
12
Babinet, Cyril. "Next generation of current sensors for aeronautics preliminary designs /." Thesis, Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29709.
Abstract:
Thesis (M. S.)--Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008.Committee Co-Chair: Dr. Jianmin Qu; Committee Co-Chair: Dr. Mohammed Cherkaoui; Committee Member: Dr. Christophe Giraud-Audine; Committee Member: Dr. Nico Declercq. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
13
Hopwood-Lewis, Jonathan Paul. "Intellectual property and secrecy in early British aeronautics, 1897-1914." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.687263.
Abstract:
This dissertation discusses developments in British aeronautics and 'intellectual property' in the period 1897 to 1914 as seen through the pages of the Aeronautical Journal and contemporary sources. It demonstrates the prevalence of cooperative invention within the Aeronautical Society in the early years of the aviation industry and the increasing tensions between collaboration and commercial competition within the aviation industry in the run up to the Great War particularly with regards to relations with the military. It touches on the shift from secrecy to patenting as a means of protecting intellectual products. It discusses the theory of cooperative invention and its impact on 'intellectual property' issues in the aviation industry. It concludes with a case study of Griffiths Brewer, British patent agent to the Wright Brothers.
14
Whitney, Eric John. "A modern evolutionary technique for design and optimisation in aeronautics." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2003. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/27871.
Abstract:
This thesis presents a modern evolutionary technique for design and optimisation
in aeronautics, with particular focus on aerodynamics. The purpose for
developing a contemporary algorithm for this purpose is the difficult design
and optimisation environment in which practicing engineers are forced to work.
Most aerodynamic optimisation problems are multimodal, meaning they have
many separate solutions which would satisfy by a conventional optimiser. Often
the flowfield solvers used to compute these solutions are proprietary, calibrated
and difficult to modify, unlike the situation that prevails in a research institu—
tion, and so they must be treated as black boxes. The results returned by these
solvers are subject to roundoff error and uncertainty. Generally a number of
different types of solver are available for the same problem, modeling different
physical laws and providing differing levels of fidelity. Modern aerodynamic design
also increasingly requires the consideration of a number of separate design
ob jectives, such as weight, performance, cost and emissions.
Responding to this requirement, a single evolutionary algorithm is developed
that has the capacity to successfully solve problems of this type. Evolutionary
methods are known for their capacity to be robust to noise, handle multiple
local minima, and be easily implemented on parallel computers. We use the
Evolution Strategy (ES) as a starting point, and extensions to improve the
efficiency, robustness and applicability of the algorithm are developed. Asyn—
chronous function evaluation is introduced to allow the solution of problems
on a cheap parallel computer composed of a heterogeneous cluster of desktop
computers. In addition, this allows the more efficient use of solvers which take
a varying time to execute, a feature typical of Computational Fluid Dynamics
(CFD) methods. Hierarchical populations are used to accelerate the solution
process, by allowing the use of many types of solver simultaneously. These
can include solvers that solve different physical models (such as the Euler and
Navier—Stokes equations) as well as solvers of varying fidelity (the case with
multiple mesh densities). A mechanism for using popular mutation methods
from both Evolution Strategies and Genetic Algorithms is given, showing that
the efficiency of the first and the robustness of the second can be combined
into a single algorithm. We then give a technique for handling multiobjective
problems in an identical manner to single objective problems, which requires no
additional parameters and as its result gives a complete and evenly distributed
set of compromise solutions between the given problem objectives.
We then test the performance of the algorithm on a number of purely mathematical
test functions, to determine expected performance levels. These functions
are unimodal and multimodal as well as single and multiobjective. In the
single objective case, we measure the performance of the algorithm with varying
numbers of problem unknowns, on non—symmetric cases, with the addition of
noise, and the intentional mis-scaling and rotation of problem axes. In two ob—
jectives we examine the convergence of the algorithm to a discontinuous solution
as well as a deceptive problem.
Practical cases that are representative of preliminary design in aerodynamics
are then presented. These include a one dimensional internal flow case with
inverse optimisation of one prescribed Mach number distribution, a two dimen—
sional internal flow case with inverse optimisation of two prescribed pressure
distributions, two cases of subsonic aerofoil design for an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
(UAV) with two objectives, and finally a transonic aerofoil design for a
transport category aircraft with two objectives.
Finally, a conclusion is given that summaries the results obtained, and gives
direction for possible topics of future research.
15
Tingstad, Kelly Marie, Stephen Conatser, Amy Douglas, David Roberts, and Jason Troyer. "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics: Design/Build/Fly 2012." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/244812.
16
Ide, Yoshinori. "Liberalization of international air transport in the Japan-US market." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/47189948.html.
17
Manion, Michael H. "Gliders of World War II : "the bastards no one wanted" /." Maxwell AFB, Ala. : School of Advanced Air and Space Studies, 2008. https://www.afresearch.org/skins/rims/display.aspx?moduleid=be0e99f3-fc56-4ccb-8dfe-670c0822a153&mode=user&action=downloadpaper&objectid=6b4fc647-b210-4a98-ad91-9b89e1ba5ee1&rs=PublishedSearch.
18
May, Murray, University of Western Sydney, of Arts Education and Social Sciences College, and School of Social Ecology and Lifelong Learning. "Unpacking aviation futures : an ecological perspective on consumption, sustainability and air transport." THESIS_CAESS_SELL_May_M.xml, 2004. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/645.
Abstract:
This inquiry examines aviation futures, within the broad context of sustainable consumption and ecological sustainability. Increasing mobility and rapid growth of road and air transport have been identified as key consumption issues, especially in relation to calls for deep cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Economics and globalisation concerns have dominated recent academic studies of air transport. There is a growing critique, however, of growth-based aviation futures on a range of ecological, resource, security and health grounds. This inquiry adds to that critique. Its primary research aim is to identify and articulate visions and policies for aviation futures within an ecological framework. Analysis of relevant literatures, including those on sustainable consumption, transport and tourism, is complemented by an analysis of aviation and tourism growth trends worldwide, with specific reference to Asia-Pacific and Australian data. A case study of the privatisation and expansion of Canberra International Airport in the Australian Capital Territory is used to provide a global-local link and to address the airport aspects of aviation. The range of visions and policy measures are finally considered within broad consciousness and frameworks strategies for the transition to sustainability. An important conclusion is the strong need for independent institutions such as policy bodies and think tanks - working in conjunction with community groups- to develop and promote policy discourses and futures visions that challenge the prevailing hegemony of the business-political nexus.Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
19
Baldock, Geoffrey Clive. "Some legal aspects of an." University of Western Australia. Law School, 2003. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2005.0119.
Abstract:
[Truncated abstract] “Open Skies” is the term given to a relatively recent (1992) policy initiative of the United States in its pursuit of the deregulation of international air transportation. It represents the latest in a long line of similar initiatives which the U.S. has been pursuing almost since the inception of the aviation industry. Essentially “Open Skies” is little more than a specific type of bilateral aviation agreement between two nations (and often between more than two nations) which typically provides for open entry on routes, unrestricted capacity and frequency on routes, and unrestricted air traffic rights. The significance of Open Skies agreements is that they appear to encapsulate general world-wide trends towards open economies characterised by a minimum of government interference and a maximum reliance on market forces to allocate scarce resources ... Australia however is not one of the nations seeking to become a party to such an agreement with the U.S. despite attempts by that nation to persuade Australia to do so and the question is: Can or should Australia resist attempts by the United States to bring it within the expanding umbrella of Open Skies, or are there other practical alternatives open to Australia? After examining the history of the development of Open Skies agreements and their international legal foundation, this thesis argues that there are strong considerations of policy and economics why Australia should embrace Open Skies initially at least on a regional basis centred in the Asia Pacific region, rather than with the United States. Implicit in that proposal is the fact that in terms of its constitutional and legal system, Australia has the legal capacity to enter into Open Skies agreements. The parties to such a regional Open Skies agreement might at a later date choose to enter into a multilateral Open Skies agreement with the United States, if economic and political conditions are suitable for them to do so. On the assumption that a form of Open Skies policy will eventually be adopted by Australia this thesis examines the constitutional and domestic legal regulatory framework for aviation within Australia, and the changes if any which would be required to it, if Australia was to embrace such a policy.
20
Cella, Benjamin. "On-line partial discharges detection in conversion systems used in aeronautics." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30337/document.
Abstract:
Le concept de l'avion plus électrique a conduit les industriels à focaliser une partie de leurs efforts sur les risques liés à l'utilisation de la haute tension dans un environnement sévère (Basse pression, large plage de température et d'humidité …). Les risques associés sont l'existence et le développement de décharges partielles conduisant à terme à la défaillance du système dans lequel, elles se produisent. Considérant cette problématique, le groupe Liebherr Elektronik GmbH, en collaboration avec le laboratoire Laplace, a lancé l'étude d'une méthode permettant de détecter les décharges partielles dans des convertisseurs destinés à des applications aéronautiques. Ce sont les résultats de ce travail qui font l'objet de cette thèse. La première partie fait état des connaissances actuelles sur les décharges partielles, de leur nature physique aux méthodes de détection utilisées. Dans la seconde partie, trois phases de mesures validant l'efficacité de la méthode étudiée sont présentées et leurs résultats sont discutés. Enfin, dans une troisième partie, les conclusions de nos travaux et leurs perspectives sont présentéesThe more electrical airplane concept led industrial companies to focus a part of their efforts on risks linked to the use of high voltage in a severe environment (Low pressure, wide range of temperature and humidity …). Associated risks are the existence and the growing of partial discharges ultimately leading to the breakdown of the system in which they occur. Considering this problematic, the Liebherr Elektronik GmbH group, in collaboration with the Laplace laboratory, launched the study of a method allowing partial discharges detection in converters intended to be used in aeronautical applications. The results of this work are the subject of this thesis. The first part brings the status of the current knowledge about partial discharges from their physical nature to the detection methods which are used. In the second part, three measurement phases assessing the efficiency of the studied method are introduced and their results discussed. Finally, in the third part, the conclusionsof our works and their perspectives are presented
21
May, Murray. "Unpacking aviation futures : an ecological perspective on consumption, sustainability and air transport." Thesis, View thesis, 2004. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/645.
Abstract:
This inquiry examines aviation futures, within the broad context of sustainable consumption and ecological sustainability. Increasing mobility and rapid growth of road and air transport have been identified as key consumption issues, especially in relation to calls for deep cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Economics and globalisation concerns have dominated recent academic studies of air transport. There is a growing critique, however, of growth-based aviation futures on a range of ecological, resource, security and health grounds. This inquiry adds to that critique. Its primary research aim is to identify and articulate visions and policies for aviation futures within an ecological framework. Analysis of relevant literatures, including those on sustainable consumption, transport and tourism, is complemented by an analysis of aviation and tourism growth trends worldwide, with specific reference to Asia-Pacific and Australian data. A case study of the privatisation and expansion of Canberra International Airport in the Australian Capital Territory is used to provide a global-local link and to address the airport aspects of aviation. The range of visions and policy measures are finally considered within broad consciousness and frameworks strategies for the transition to sustainability. An important conclusion is the strong need for independent institutions such as policy bodies and think tanks - working in conjunction with community groups- to develop and promote policy discourses and futures visions that challenge the prevailing hegemony of the business-political nexus.
22
Chau, Hoi-yan. "Hong Kong Chek Lap Kok International Airport versus Guangzhou New Baiyun Airport : an implication for closer coordination in air freight industry for the Pearl River Delta region /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B35085174.
23
Connolly, Joseph W. "SUPERSONIC PROPULSION MODEL FOR USE IN AERO – PROPULSO – SERVO – ELASTIC VEHICLE DYNAMICS INVESTIGATION." Cleveland, Ohio : Case Western Reserve University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1243605610.
Abstract:
Thesis (M.S.)--Case Western Reserve University, 2009Title from PDF (viewed on 19 August 2009) Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Includes abstract Includes bibliographical references Available online via the OhioLINK ETD Center
24
Tsang, Chiu-ying Susanna. "The political aspect of the airline industry : government intervention /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B17963382.
25
Goetz, Andrew R. "The effect of airline deregulation on air service to small and medium-sized communities: Case studies in Northeastern Ohio /." The Ohio State University, 1987. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487584612164816.
26
Gonzalez, Luis F. "Robust evolutionary methods for multi-objective and multdisciplinary design optimisation in aeronautics." Phd thesis, School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/6296.
27
Sassaroli, Andrea. "The image of the sound: a novel 3D Beamforming system for aeronautics." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/242172.
28
Li, Tak-munn Fiona. "Hong Kong : the air transport hub of Asia beyond 1997 /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18831102.
29
May, Murray. "Unpacking aviation futures : an ecological perspective on consumption, sustainability and air transport /." View thesis, 2004. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20050218.120843/index.html.
30
Volland, Kirk N. "Design, construction and testing of a prototype holonomic autonomous vehicle." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2007. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion-image.exe/07Dec%5FVolland.pdf.
Abstract:
Thesis (M.S. in Applied Physics)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2007.Thesis Advisor(s): Harkins, Richard. "December 2007." Description based on title screen as viewed on January 24, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 189-192). Also available in print.
31
Jones, Janeen Ayana. "Modal analysis on a stiffened panel : an application of laser vibrometry." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16397.
32
Richards, John E. "The domestic politics of international regulatory policy : the regulatory institutions for trade in aviation services /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC IP addresses, 1997. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9811798.
33
Tam, Kai-ho Brian. "Worldwide developments in air transport : liberalization and open skies concepts /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk:8888/cgi-bin/hkuto%5Ftoc%5Fpdf?B23476515.
34
Cahill, Thomas A. "Visualization of the flow field around an oscillating model of the USS Enterprise (CVN-65) in a simulated atmospheric boundary layer /." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 1988. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA194482.
35
Woolman, Scott G. "Control of flow over a backward facing step." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 1990. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA238638.
Abstract:
Thesis (M.S. in Engineering Science)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 1990.Thesis Advisor(s): Healey, J. Val. Second Reader: Salinas, David. "September 1990." Description based on title screen as viewed on December 17, 2009. DTIC Identifier(s): Wake, Aircraft Landings, Shipboard, Theses, Phoenics Computer Programs, Computational Fluid Dynamics, Backward Facing Stage, H-46 Aircraft, Aviation Safety. Author(s) subject terms: Backward Facing Step, Bluff-body Aerodynamics, Flow Tailoring, Blade Strike, Operating Envelopes. Includes bibliographical references (p. 77-79). Also available in print.
36
Karasu, Caglar. "Small-size Unmanned Model Helicopter Guidance And Control." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605595/index.pdf.
Abstract:
The deployment of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) in military applications increased the research about them and the importance of them. The unmanned helicopters are the most agile and maneuverable vehicles among the unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). The ability of hovering and low speed cruise makes them even more attractive. Such abilities supply more areas to deploy the usage of the unmanned helicopters like search &rescue, mapping, surveillance. Autonomy is the key property for these vehicles. In order to provide autonomy to an unmanned vehicle, the guidance and the autopilot units are designed in the first step. Waypoints are used to track the desired trajectories. The line of sight guidance is used to reach an active waypoint. In order to realize the guidance commands controllers are designed by using LQR. In addition, position and heading controllers are designed by root-locus method. The trimming and linearization are implemented in order to extract linear models used for controller design. Keywords: Helicopter, control, guidance
37
Geoffroy, Marion. "La securite du transport aerien europeen : aspects institutionnels et juridiques." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33064.
Abstract:
Recently, air transportation has been increasing considerably. If that trend continues, there could be a major accident once a week by the year 2010. European States first joined their aviation policies for geographical and economical reasons. To that end, following the American deregulation, they started liberalizing their air transport. Today, they also work on the safety aspects of this activity. Together with the European Community and the DGCA's, three organisations have a relevant function in the regulation of safety: they help States to coordinate new preventive actions. Furthermore, in order to unify the measures that are currently implemented, a discussion on a single European aviation safety authority has been raised in the last few years.In the course of this thesis, the above-mentioned topics will be studied, whereby a preliminary chapter will focus on the origin of the unification of European air transport and the liberalization aspects, and the three following chapters will review the institutional and legal aspects of the safety of European air transport.
38
Beymer, Mark A. "Self-Concept Competency of National Aeronautics and Space Administration Research and Development Managers." PDXScholar, 1989. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1380.
Abstract:
Boyatzis has stated that "true" management competencies are characteristics of a manager which differentiate superior from average and below average performance. Boyatzis, however, treats a manager's self-image (self-concept) as a "threshold" rather than a "real" competency. Lafferty's research, which has measured relationships between several lifestyle (self-concept) variables and corresponding organizational behavior, has found that performance differences between average and high performing managers are associated with differences in self-concept construction. The researcher proposes to treat variations in self-concept measurements from managers as indications of their relative management competency. Thisresearch investigates seventeen hypotheses relating to the self-concepts of high performing, mid-level technical managers employed in the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).
The Level 1: Life Style Inventory, developed by Lafferty, was administered to high performing, mid-level managers (118 aerospace technical and 43 non-technical) from nine major Research and Space Flight Centers, and the agency Headquarters, attending a Management Education Program. Measurement of 16 self-conceptand 4 biographical variables were compared and contrasted with self-concept measurements accomplished by Lafferty on samples of engineers, supervisors and mid-level managers.
Three major conclusions are reached. (1) NASA technical managers exhibit an unusual degree of satisfaction when compared with other supervisors and mid-level managers and a self-actualizing management style. (2) The self-concept characteristics of high perfectionism and dependence in NASA technical managers should be studied further, based on Cooke and Rousseau's findings that high measurements in these variables are associated with a greater number of symptoms of strain and Lafferty's findings concerning associations between high measurements of these variables and disfunctional managerial behavior. (3) Evidence is provided by researchers, like Garfield, that while management experience may be significantly associated withself-concept increases in achievement and helpfulness orientations, and self-concept assumptions of these managers may preclude them from significant increases in their self-actualization.
39
Popescu, Andreea. "Air cargo revenue and capacity management." Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006, 2006. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-11202006-095545/.
Abstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Industrial & Systems Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007.Dr. Dirk Gunther, Committee Member ; Dr. Hayriye Ayhan, Committee Member ; Dr. Ellis L. Johnson, Committee Chair ; Dr. Pinar Keskinocak, Committee Co-Chair ; Dr. Julie Swann, Committee Member
40
McGonigle, Sean. "Comparative regulation of air transport in the Asia-Pacific region." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=19643.
Abstract:
This thesis provides a comprehensive review of recent developments in the economic regulation of air transport in the Asia-Pacific region. The focus is on the progressive liberalisation of the designation criteria in selected agreements. A brief historical overview is followed by a summary of the decision of the European Court of Justice in the "open skies" cases. The thesis then examines three recent Asia-Pacific agreements: the Australia - New Zealand arrangements; the APEC Multilateral agreement; and the Pacific Islands agreement. This review is followed by a discussion of some potential developments in the region that could lead to the conclusion of a new multilateral agreement between the European Union and selected Asia-Pacific States.
41
Boteva, Meglena. "A new century and a new attitude towards safety oversight in air transportation /." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=31151.
Abstract:
Public international air law is not in itself an autonomous system. It follows the legal principles and notions applicable to public international law in general. The principle of good faith performance or enforcement of a contract, in particular, emphasizes faithfulness to an agreed common purpose and consistency with the justified expectations of the other party unless an expressed intention to the contrary has been declared.By signing the Chicago Convention on International Civil Aviation of 1944, all 185 Contracting States agreed to certain principles and arrangements in order that international civil aviation could be developed in a safe and orderly manner. They undertook, inter alia, to collaborate in securing the highest practicable degree of uniformity in all matters in which such uniformity could facilitate and improve air navigation. Thus, they all agreed to a common purpose and to the means for ensuring it.
With the presence of several regulatory levels, namely, national, regional and international, and given the challenges of the new century in parallel with the increased sophistication of civil aviation systems, safety in air transportation requires that it be a shared responsibility. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
42
Alvarsson, Karl Sigurður Alvar. "Perspectives of joint financing of air navigation services." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33353.
Abstract:
According to Chapter XV of the Chicago Convention, the Joint Financing Aid has been successfully applied in the North Atlantic Region since 1948. The Agreement on the Joint Financing of Certain Air Navigation Services in Iceland, the main topic of this thesis, has ensured the availability of the service and facilities in the Reykjavik Flight Information Region, in accordance with the Standards and recommended practices of the Annexes to the Chicago Convention. The services were at first financed by the participating States, but later on user charges were gradually introduced and, since 1981, they became the principal means of services financing.During the last thirty years, a series of significant social, economic and technical developments has changed the aviation and the air navigation services environment. This thesis examines the evolution of the Agreement and the general technical and economic tendencies that are likely to affect its future.
This thesis critically examines the Agreement in light of ICAO policy on the joint support aid and the general economic situation surrounding the Agreement. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
43
曾昭瑩 and Chiu-ying Susanna Tsang. "The political aspect of the airline industry: government intervention." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31267701.
44
Lagiewski, Richard M. "Factors contributing to airline insolvency /." Online version of thesis, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11449.
45
Leloudas, Georgios. "Legal aspects of aviation risk management." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=80937.
Abstract:
The thesis in the first part examines the notion of risk and describes the process of risk management with emphasis on the identification of emerging threats to civil aviation and on the adoption of new risk handling techniques.In the second part, the role of law into the airlines' management regime is examined especially in the light of two prima facie conflicting trends: liberalization of market access and increased State involvement in war risk, safety and security issues. Furthermore, the contractual and tortious/delictual exposures of airlines are being scrutinized and the ways to handle them are being analyzed.
The main objectives are (i) to demonstrate that risk management is not restricted to insurance, but involves a number of techniques and procedures that have the potential not only to minimize risk but also to turn risk into opportunity and value and (ii) to identify the role of law as a management tool in the oncoming liberalized aviation environment.
46
Spencer, Alex M. Hall Hines Holt. "A Third Option Imperial Air Defense and the Pacific Dominions, 1918-1939 /." Auburn, Ala, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1561.
47
Bakir, Huseyin Murat. "Mathematical Model Development Of The Anti Torque System Of A Notar Helicopter." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12610141/index.pdf.
Abstract:
The anti-torque mechanism of a NOTAR helicopter is a complex system including vertical tail and pressurized tail boom which provides air ejection used for both circulation control around the boom and creating directed jet air at the end of the boom. This thesis targets the modeling of this mechanism and integrating it to a helicopter simulation model. Flight tests are performed on the MD 600N helicopter to verify the results. Finally, the simulation is compared with flight test data.
48
Gezguc, Cagri. "Compressor Tandem Blade Aerothermodynamic Performance Evaluation Using Cfd." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614707/index.pdf.
Abstract:
In this study, loss and loading characteristics of compressor tandem blades are evaluated. Whole study was focused on change of the total camber so called turning angle. Effects of camber change were investigated in terms of loss and loading characteristics. Methodology was increasing overall camber first by aligning angular positions of blades and second, if required, using more cambered airfoils.
2-dimensional cascade flow CFD analyses were performed to obtain loss-loading information of different tandem blade combinations. Acquired results were compared with the classical axial compressor blades&rsquoloading and loss characteristics which were obtained from literature. Results showed that most of the time tandem blade configuration performed better than the single blade counterpart in 2-dimensional cascade flow. Lastly, to clarify the benefit of the study and present the gained performance in numbers, only one cascade flow CFD analysis was performed for a classical single compressor blade. Loss and loading results were compared with the tandem blade counterpart where single and tandem configurations both having the same degree of camber. It was clearly seen that tandem blade performed better again.
49
Sang, Jizhang. "Theory and development of GPS integrity monitoring system." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1996. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36001/7/36001_Digitised%20Thesis.pdf.
Abstract:
This thesis discusses various aspects of the integrity monitoring of GPS applied to civil
aircraft navigation in different phases of flight. These flight phases include en route,
terminal, non-precision approach and precision approach. The thesis includes four
major topics: probability problem of GPS navigation service, risk analysis of aircraft
precision approach and landing, theoretical analysis of Receiver Autonomous Integrity
Monitoring (RAIM) techniques and RAIM availability, and GPS integrity monitoring
at a ground reference station. Particular attention is paid to the mathematical aspects of
the GPS integrity monitoring system.
The research has been built upon the stringent integrity requirements defined by civil
aviation community, and concentrates on the capability and performance
investigation of practical integrity monitoring systems with rigorous mathematical
and statistical concepts and approaches. Major contributions of this research are:
• Rigorous integrity and continuity risk analysis for aircraft precision
approach. Based on the joint probability density function of the affecting
components, the integrity and continuity risks of aircraft precision
approach with DGPS were computed. This advanced the conventional
method of allocating the risk probability.
• A theoretical study of RAIM test power. This is the first time a theoretical
study on RAIM test power based on the probability statistical theory has
been presented, resulting in a new set of RAIM criteria.
• Development of a GPS integrity monitoring and DGPS quality control
system based on GPS reference station. A prototype of GPS integrity
monitoring and DGPS correction prediction system has been developed
and tested, based on the A USN A V GPS base station on the roof of QUT
ITE Building.
50
Lemoussu, Sophie. "A model-based framework for innovative Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) in Aeronautics." Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020ESAE0014.
Abstract:
Le marché de l'aviation fait face aujourd'hui à une croissance rapide des technologies innovantes. Les drones cargo, les taxis drones, les dirigeables, les ballons stratosphériques, pour n'en citer que quelques-uns, pourraient faire partie de la prochaine génération de transport aérien. Dans le même temps, les Petites et Moyennes Entreprises (PMEs) s'impliquent de plus en plus dans la conception et le développement de nouvelles formes de système aéroporté, passant du rôle traditionnel de fournisseur à celui de concepteur et intégrateur. Cette situation modifie considérablement la portée de la responsabilité des PMEs. En tant qu'intégrateurs, elles deviennent responsables de la certification des composants et du processus de fabrication, domaine dans lequel elles n’ont encore que peu d'expérience. La certification, qui requiert une connaissance très spécifique des réglementations, des normes et standards, demeure un processus obligatoire et une activité critique pour les entreprises de l'industrie aéronautique. C’est aussi un défi majeur pour les PMEs qui doivent assumer cette responsabilité de certification avec des moyens limités. Dans cette thèse, deux besoins majeurs sont identifiés: le soutien méthodologique n'est pas facilement disponible pour les PMEs; et les exigences de certification ne sont pas facilement compréhensibles et adaptables à chaque situation. Nous examinons donc des voies alternatives pour réduire la complexité de la situation des PMEs. L'objectif est de fournir un soutien afin qu'elles puissent être plus efficaces pour comprendre et intégrer les règles, les législations et les lignes directrices à leurs processus internes de manière plus simple. Cette thèse propose ainsi une approche méthodologique pour soutenir ces organisations. Développée en étroite collaboration avec une PME française, l'approche est composée d'un ensemble de modèles (métamodèle, modèles structurels et comportementaux) couverts par un mécanisme de gouvernanceThe aviation market is facing nowadays a fast growth of innovative airborne systems. Drone cargo, drone taxi, airships, stratospheric balloons, to cite a few, could be part of the next generation of air transportation. In the same time, Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) are becoming more and more involved in designing and developing new forms of air transportation, transitioning from the traditional role of supplier to those of system designer and integrator. This situation changes drastically the scope of SMEs' responsibility. As integrators they become responsible for certification of the components and the manufacturing process, an area in which they have little experience. Certification mandates very specific knowledge, regarding the regulations, norms and standards. Certification is a mandatory process and a critical activity for the enterprises in the aerospace industry. It constitutes a major challenge for SMEs who have to take on this certification responsibility with only limited resources. In this thesis, two major needs are identified: methodological support is not easily available for SMEs; and certification requirements are not easily comprehensive and adaptable to each situation. We examine alternate paths, reducing the complexity and bringing one step closer to solving the problem for the innovative SMEs. The objective is to provide support so that they can be more efficient to comprehend and integrate rules, legislations and guidelines to their internal processes in a simpler way. This thesis proposes then a methodological approach to support such organisation. Developed in close cooperation with a French SME in this situation, the approach is composed of a set of models (metamodel, structural, and behavioural models) covered by a certification governance mechanism