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Author: Grafiati
Published: 30 May 2022
Last updated: 31 May 2022

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1

., Ashish B. "GESTURE CONTROLLED ROBOT USING ADXL335 ACCELEROMETER." International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology 05, no. 10 (October 25, 2016): 176–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.15623/ijret.2016.0510028.

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2

Kalita, Sanjib, J. N. Borole, and Dr K. P. Rane. "Wireless Earthquake Alarm System using ATmega328p, ADXL335 and XBee S2." International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology 12, no. 3 (June 25, 2014): 144–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.14445/22315381/ijett-v12p227.

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3

Yang, Xia, Kai Yin, Hai Ying Liu, and Hong Da Li. "An Information Acquisition Device for Driver Training Operation with MEMS Transduce." Applied Mechanics and Materials 198-199 (September 2012): 1250–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.198-199.1250.

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In this paper, based on characteristic analysis of driver training operation, a new approach of information acquisition for driver training is found, which is through extracting acceleration information. The information acquisition device which is under MEMS three-axis acceleration transducer, based on ADXL335 and MCU, can achieve real-time and accurate measurement of vehicles’ three-dimensional acceleration. By comparing the change curve of measured acceleration with the related data of good driver, the existing problems will be found out. In this way, the driver training operation can be assessed in a timely way.
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4

Ravali, K., Dr ASR.Murty, V. Pavani, and B. Prathyusha. "Measuring and maintaining acceleration records obtained from 3D MEMS." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.5 (September 22, 2018): 530. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.5.21150.

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Tracing or tracking of an object or a link is needed in many engineering applications. Achieving it in real time applications using MEMS or the traditional accelerometers is also a well-known method. Measuring acceleration in [3] directions is needed in handling equipment, material transfer and in manufacturing industry.In this work, Calibration of accelerometer sensor ADXL335 is carried out first to show the accurate values of „g‟. Then, the measurement of acceleration is carried out as per the code written in Arduino IDE. ADXL335 is interfaced with NODE MCU. NODE MCU uses HTTP protocol to send the measured acceleration values to cloud platform. ThingSpeak is the cloud platform chosen for this purpose. ThingSpeak requires selection of a number of fields. Here we have three values to be taken to cloud (X, Y and Z directions).For display purposes a mobile is used in conjunction with MIT App Inventor. Acceleration record files can be obtained that may be processed further. The application contains three buttons forward, side and vertical which displays the acceleration values across X, Y and Z directions respectively. The acceleration values are further integrated to obtain velocity and displacement .It can be done through 2 ways like ana- log integration and digital integration. But the analog integration is reliable only to measure the sinusoidal steady state values. So the digital integration is much better for obtaining a displacement signal from acceleration. It is possible to use these components for further processing and applications like ultrasonic applications, military devices namely mixers, elevators, mechanically handling equipment‟s and information handling devices like iPad, phones etc.
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5

Mohd Ismail, Mohd Ismifaizul, Rudzidatul Akmam Dziyauddin, Noor Azurati Mohd Salleh, Robiah Ahmad, Marwan Hadri Azmi, and Hazilah Mad Kaidi. "Analysis and Procedures for Water Pipeline Leakage Using Three-Axis Accelerometer Sensors: ADXL335 and MMA7361." IEEE Access 6 (2018): 71249–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2878862.

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6

Acharya, Jonathan. "Design and development of a method for detecting sleep roll-over counts using accelerometer ADXL335." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 10, no. 1 (February 1, 2020): 477. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v10i1.pp477-485.

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<p>Sleep plays an important role as it helps human body to rejuvenate, boosts mental function and manage stress. Sleep is restorative function which enhances muscle growth, repairs tissues, maintains health and make physical appearance look or feel better. The lack of sleep in human body can increase the risk of diseases which are asthma, diabetes, depression. For healthy physiological function, sleep is essential and has strong relation to mental condition. Easy way of sleep management is considered for maintaining good mental health. Numerous scientists, doctors and researchers have proposed various ways to monitor sleep, some of those best tests are polysomnography test and actigraphy test. However, taking sleep test covering the whole body with wires and electrodes which is polysomnography test is uncomfortable for patients, and sensors used for different approaches like this are costly and often require overnight treatment and expert monitoring in clinics. Therefore, easy way of detecting roll-over movements which is convenient for patients to wear is proposed. Accelerometer ADXL335 sensor is taped on socks during sleep which is comfortable for patients to wear and do not cause any inconvenience during sleep. Algorithm is proposed to read the dataset and count the roll-over during the sleep based on threshold. Resulting the number of roll-over detected during a sleep period.</p>
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7

Bahri, Saeful, and Putra Septia Yuza. "Analisa Kerusakan (Deformasi) Engine Mounting Kendaraan Toyota Agya Berdasarkan Tingkat Vibrasi Berbasis Mem Accelerometer." RESISTOR (elektRonika kEndali telekomunikaSI tenaga liSTrik kOmputeR) 2, no. 2 (November 3, 2019): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.24853/resistor.2.2.131-136.

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Dalam mendeteksi kerusakan pada engine mounting cara konvensional sering di lakukan, yaitu secara visual dan feeling. Dengan cara itu timbul suatu permasalahan yaitu kesalahan diagnose kerusakan engine mounting, di karenakan visual dan feeling masing-masing individu berbeda-beda. Pada penelitian kali ini digunakan teknologi MEM Accelerometer untuk membaca tingkat vibrasi dari engine mounting. Sensor accelerometer yang di gunakan adalah ADXL335 dengan output analog berupa tegangan. Untuk memudahkan dalam membaca hasil akibat vibrasi tersebut, digunakan aplikasi data akuisisi yaitu LabView. Pada tampilan labview dapat di lihat grafik vibrasi, nilai besarnya vibrasi dan indicator warna untuk memberi tanda layak atau tidaknya vibrasi yang di hasilkan, jika indicator berwarna hijau engine mounting masih layak digunakan dan jika indicator berwarna merah dilakukan penggantian engine mounting. Nilai range vibrasi di dapat dengan melakukan sampling data engine mounting normal dan abnormal serta vibrasi pada kendaraan yang masih beroprasi. Dengan adanya perangkat tersebut maka teknisi dapat dengan mudah mengetahui apakah engine mounting tersebut masih dalam kondisi layak pakai atau sudah harus di ganti.
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8

Shaji, Ashwin K., and Rinku Dhiman. "Gesture Controlled Robotic Hand Using RF Unit and Accelerometer." International Journal of Research in Engineering, Science and Management 3, no. 11 (November 30, 2020): 125–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.47607/ijresm.2020.387.

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In the race of man v/s machine, automation comes as a companion of man and machine. Taking the technology to the next level from the mobile driven world to an automation driven world, will increase manufacturers their production rates, productivity and efficiency with materials, product quality, and worker safety. From ancient times the ingenuity and the brain power human beings have astonished researchers with engineering and mechanical marvels like the wheel, bow and arrow, cross bows, etc. What started from the wheel did not end there but evolved into the complex mechatronics systems that we see around us today. The robotics is one such human marvel that will be one-day equal human beings themselves. The robots thus have far more use in the daily life than any other systems. The robotics and automation is a rising piece of technology which could lessen the loads of work and solve the problems exponentially. As robotics is finding its place on every sector in this globe, the aim this project is to introduce robotics in the field of industry. The title of the system is ‘Gesture controlled robotic arm’. The aim of the system is to provide safety and to increase productivity in our industries. The research project should be designed in such a way that it should occupy minimum space, should possess high maneuverability and high agility. The project in discussion is types of robots which needs minimum space and are proved to be highly maneuverable and highly agile. The robot contains two main units, one is the robotic arm and second is the data glove with accelerometer using a RF controller. The robotic arm unit is responsible for the hand functions of the whole structure of the robot. The data glove is responsible for the input feedback to the robotic arm. The robotic unit will be controlled by an Arduino platform to improve its stability. The angle tilt will be measured using ADXL335 sensor. The ADXL335 uses angle, tilt and yaw values with Arduino for data transfer. Through advanced primary and secondary research techniques, system implementation hurdles and potential risks involved in developing such a system are identified. The project is fully planned using advanced project management techniques like PERT chart and Gantt chart in order to identify the critical activities and the timeline related with it.
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9

Mustar, Muhamad Yusvin, and Yudhi Ardiyanto. "PERANCANGAN KENDALI NAVIGASI ROBOT TANK SECARA NIRKABEL BERBASIS SENSOR ACCELEROMETER BERDASARKAN GERAKAN TANGAN." Simetris: Jurnal Teknik Mesin, Elektro dan Ilmu Komputer 9, no. 1 (April 1, 2018): 87–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.24176/simet.v9i1.1866.

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Sebuah sistem kendali berbeda pada navigasi robot tank diperkenalkan pada penelitian ini. Umumnya sistem kendali navigasi robot tank dikendalikan meggunakan remot kontrol atau joystick dan beberapa perangkat pengontrolan robot lainya. Pengontrolan navigasi robot tank bertujuan untuk dapat mengendalikan pergerakan robot agar dapat berjalan maju, mundur, berbelok ke kiri dan ke kanan. Pada penelitian ini, pengontrolan navigasi robot dilakukan berdasarkan gerakan tangan manusia. Sebuah sarung tangan yang dilengkapi sensor accelerometer ADXL335 didesain untuk dapat mendeteksi setiap bentuk gerakan tangan. Pendeteksian gerakan tangan didasarkan pada pembacaan orientasi axis X dan Y acceleometer. Gerakan tangan ini kemudian diinput pada mikrokontroler Arduino Nano dan ditransmisikan melalui nRF24L01 2.4GHz. Hasil pendeteksian gerak kemudian diterima dan diolah pada mikrokontroler Arduino Mega yang terdapat pada robot tank. Selanjutnya, hasil pendeteksian gerakan tangan ini dipetakan dalam beberapa bagian pengontrolan, agar sesuai dengan pola pengontrolan navigasi robot tank. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa sebuah sistem pengontrolan navigasi robot tank berdasarkan gerakan tangan dapat diimplementasikan dan diaplikasikan secara riil, sehingga dapat memberikan pengalaman baru dalam berinteraksi dengan robot.
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10

Shankar, N. V. S., A. Gopi Chand, K. Hanumantha Rao, and K. Prem Sai. "Low Cost Vibration Measurement and Optimization during Turning Process." Advanced Materials Research 1148 (June 2018): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1148.103.

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During machining any material, vibrations play a major role in deciding the life of the cutting tool as well as machine tool. The magnitude acceleration of vibrations is directly proportional to the cutting forces. In other words, if we are able to measure the acceleration experienced by the tool during machining, we can get a sense of force. There are many commercially available, pre-calibrated accelerometer sensors available off the shelf. In the current work, an attempt has been made to measure vibrations using ADXL335 accelerometer. This accelerometer is interfaced to computer using Arduino. The measured values are then used to optimize the machining process. Experiments are performed on Brass. During machining, it is better to have lower acceleration values. Thus, the first objective of the work is to minimize the vibrations. Surface roughness is another major factor which criterion “lower is the better” applies. In order to optimize the values, a series of experiments are conducted with three factors, namely, tool type (2 levels), Depth of cut (3 levels) and Feed are considered (3 levels). Mixed level optimization is performed using Taguchi analysis with L18 orthogonal array. Detailed discussion of the parameters shall be given in the article.
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11

Abdullahi, Salami Ifedapo, Nurul Arfah Che Mustapha, Mohamed Hadi Habaebi, and Md Rafiqul Islam. "Accelerometer Based Structural Health Monitoring System on the Go: Developing Monitoring Systems with NI LabVIEW." International Journal of Online and Biomedical Engineering (iJOE) 15, no. 07 (April 15, 2019): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v15i07.10427.

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Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is a very crucial part of maintenance and management of buildings and structures. The use of SHM in recent years has been increasing due to the advancement in technology and the availability of nanodevices and nanosensors which can detect damaged part or crack in a structure. In this paper, PSpice simulation was carried out to show the response of the integrated electronic piezoelectric (IEPE) with a VPWL-source. Then, practical experiment was done using Arduino Mega with the ADXL335 accelerometer in a laboratory setup. LabVIEW software was used along with Arduino IDE software to make graphical visualization of accelerometer reading to be captured. Furthermore, a web service was deployed which enabled LabVIEW data transmission to a smartphone running Data Dashboard application for real-time monitoring anywhere. Therefore, making the system an ecosystem of Internet of Things enabling the user to access monitoring system while on the move. The result of the vibration test on the accelerometer showed that the accelerometer response to small changes in the x, y and z axis of the accelerometer which can be used to detect micro-movements in a structure.
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12

Villalón, Mario, Hugo Vega, Nahary Montoya, Byron Rubio, Julio Hernandez, Omar Mendoza, Roberto Salas-Zuñiga, et al. "Comparative Study on the Effect that Coir Fibers Have on the Dynamic or Quasi-Static Elastic Moduli of Glass Fiber Laminates Obtained by the Vacuum Bag Technique." Key Engineering Materials 668 (October 2015): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.668.137.

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The use of natural fibers has a great interest due to their damping properties, low density and moderate strength. The effect of incorporating chopped natural fibers, as disperse reinforced phase, on the dynamic or quasi-static elastic modulus of glass fiber laminates is presented. Squares of 32 cm2 plain wave glass fiber prepreg with epoxy resin were used in a stacking sequence [0]4. Short length chopped (1-3 mm) natural coir fiber was placed in between of each glass fiber prepreg sheet (4) and laminates were prepared by the vacuum bag technique. The volume fraction of natural fiber was 30% (mass fraction of 10%) and samples of 254 mm length and 25.4 mm width were cut and tested at vibration conditions in a cantilever beam arrangement. The vibration frequency was measured by an accelerometer ADXL335 at z-axis, perpendicular to the sample test plane and the elastic modulus was estimated with the cantilever model. The results showed that the samples with coir fiber showed an increase in the dynamic elastic modulus value of 150 to 171% with regard to that one of glass fiber samples without fiber. Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials (ASTM D3039) was also used to further characterize the thin samples (≈0.75 mm) with an Instron machine 8800, 25kN. The tensile properties obtained are lower for coir fiber samples than the ones without.
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13

Hassan, Shaker S., Ahmed Adnan Shandookh, and Omar Alaa Ihsan. "Study the Effect of Using Different Bearing Types on the Performance of Evaporative Cooler." Al-Nahrain Journal for Engineering Sciences 21, no. 4 (December 21, 2018): 532–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.29194/njes.21040532.

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An investigation of performance response of two types of bearings such as Cylindrical Roller Bearing and bush bearing on evaporative cooler driven by DC motor of 1500 r.p.m, through studying many parameters like vibration response, temperature raise, humidity, sound level and total performance. high quality 3D positions X, Y and Z, vibration sensors type (ADXL335 accelerometers) with Arduino mega 2560 that interfaced with Lab-View program were used to measure changes in vibration amplitude and frequency. Two temperature sensors of type (LM35) were used to investigate the temperature raise in the bearings also with Arduino mega 2560 that interfaced with Lab-View program. For humidity a sensor of type DHT22 was used, also, a portable device was used to measure electricity consumption, rotary speed and sound level in the bearings of evaporative cooler. By replacing bearings all the parameters above wear measured then a comparison between them were made to find the best performance and operation of these bearings. The obtained results from the experimental work have clarified and explained by tables and figures. It has been found that the vibration of evaporative cooler in X, Y and Z-directions increased by using two cylindrical roller bearings than using two of bush bearings. The temperature of cylindrical roller bearings increased When running the evaporative cooler more than bush bearings. the noise of Evaporative Cooler by using both types of Bearings was almost same but with a little Reduce by using cylindrical roller Bearings. Which means the Evaporative Cooler has better Performance by using bush bearings than using cylindrical roller bearings.
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14

Borovets, Dmytro, Tetyana Pavych, and Yaroslav Paramud. "Computer System for Converting Gestures to Text and Audio Messages." Advances in Cyber-Physical Systems 6, no. 2 (December 17, 2021): 90–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/acps2021.02.090.

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Today, there are quite a large number of deaf- mute and hard-of-hearing people which communicate using gestures. Therefore, it is simply necessary to provide them with modern means of communication with the surrounding world. This paper creates a holistic computer system architecture for converting gestures into text and audio messages. The principles of construction and basic design solutions of a computer system based on a modern element base with increased productivity and minimization of hardware costs and energy consumption have been developed. The most popular existing solutions for gesture recognition are considered and analyzed. The operation of the main components has been described, the principle of functioning of the entire system has been analyzed, and their advantages and disadvantages have been compared. The latest structural components for building a computer system (both physical and software) have been selected and investigated. Physical features include: the state-of-the-art Arduino Nano computing platform, the HC-05 Bluetooth module, the ADXL335 accelerometer, and the latest ZD10-100 Information sensor (flexibility sensor). Software features include: firmware for the Arduino Nano hardware platform, Python-based software for splitting the flow of letters into words, displaying them, and voicing them. The methods of Google Media Translation API and Google Text-to-speech (gTTS) have been analyzed. The expediency of conducting research has improved performance through the use of a new information sensor, which is a flexibility sensor ZD10-100 500 g. The general structural scheme of all systems has been designed.
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15

Kamthe, Palash, Tushar Dhakate, Pradnya Kawadkar, Rakshanda Belkhude, and Asst Prof Shishir Bagal. "Smart Vehicle Monitoring and Accident Prevention System using Arm." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 2 (February 28, 2022): 1107–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.40454.

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Abstract: After drunken driving, mobile phone usage is the leading cause of accidents around the world. Also, at sudden stoppages on cross roads or due to sudden obstructions on road, natural or otherwise the driver cannot anticipate back bumper and side collision. Also, low height railing or pavements in blind spots while parking may damage the vehicle. Costly mobile phone jammers while effective render emergency communication impossible. As alcohol detection and vehicle tracking system are successfully implemented we are proposing an essential vehicle safety kit which is absent in majority of the vehicles on Indian roads. Furthermore, this can be an addition to the developing cognitive driver assistance system. The proposed system provides vehicle with safety features like SMS alert facility, blind spot detection and tail gating detector. The vehicle is equipped with angle sensors and a GSM modem interfaced with NXP ARM 2148 processor. The driver has access to a user interface consisting of LCD and switching ports. The driver may aware two modes of angle sensing with sensors located on centre of the Vehicle. A braking system can be actuated in the parking mode if the distance measured from the sensors crosses the defined threshold. In case of an emergency the driver can send a text or call from the stored numbers in the memory using the keypad. To save time and to maintain the driver’s focus on the road a default text can be sent to a default number by a single key pad entry. Call service from the system eliminates the need of using the phone and prevents driver’s loss of focus. Further the freedom to choose the number and the corresponding message to be sent is available when the vehicle is at rest. The system thus prevents accidental damage to the vehicle and its driver while eliminating the use of phone by the driver. Keywords: PIC Microcontroller, LPC2148, LCD 16*2, GSM Module, ADXL335, GPS Module
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16

Kamthe, Palash, Pradnya Kawadkar, Rakshanda Belkhude, Asst Prof Shishir Bagal, and Tushar Dhakate. "Review on Smart Vehicle Monitoring and Accident Prevention System Using Arm." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 2 (February 28, 2022): 801–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.40383.

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Abstract: After drunken driving, mobile phone usage is the leading cause of accidents around the world. Also, at sudden stoppages on cross roads or due to sudden obstructions on road, natural or otherwise the driver cannot anticipate back bumper and side collision. Also, low height railing or pavements in blind spots while parking may damage the vehicle. Costly mobile phone jammers while effective render emergency communication impossible. As alcohol detection and vehicle tracking system are successfully implemented we are proposing an essential vehicle safety kit which is absent in majority of the vehicles on Indian roads. Furthermore, this can be an addition to the developing cognitive driver assistance system. The proposed system provides vehicle with safety features like SMS alert facility, blind spot detection and tail gating detector. The vehicle is equipped with angle sensors and a GSM modem interfaced with NXP ARM 2148 processor. The driver has access to a user interface consisting of LCD and switching ports. The driver may aware two modes of angle sensing with sensors located on centre of the Vehicle. A braking system can be actuated in the parking mode if the distance measured from the sensors crosses the defined threshold. In case of an emergency the driver can send a text or call from the stored numbers in the memory using the keypad. To save time and to maintain the driver’s focus on the road a default text can be sent to a default number by a single key pad entry. Call service from the system eliminates the need of using the phone and prevents driver’s loss of focus. Further the freedom to choose the number and the corresponding message to be sent is available when the vehicle is at rest. The system thus prevents accidental damage to the vehicle and its driver while eliminating the use of phone by the driver. Keywords: PIC Microcontroller, LPC2148, LCD 16*2, GSM Module, ADXL335, GPS Module
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17

He, Yi Fang, Jun Jie Li, Qi He, and Zhi Jun Li. "The Elderly Outdoor Sports Monitoring System Based on the Beidou Satellite Navigation System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 513-517 (February 2014): 671–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.513-517.671.

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An elderly people monitoring system based on 3-axis digital accelerometer ADXL345 and digital signal controller TMS320F28335 was designed based on 3-axis digital accelerometer ADXL345 and digital signal controller TMS320F28335. The human posture was collected from ADXL345 by the DSC28335. The FFT filtering algorithm was used to improve the detection accuracy. Then the exercise situation of the elderly people was calculated by using Pedometer algorithm. The fall information was calculated by analyzing the rate of acceleration change. The Beidou Satellite Navigation System was designed for collecting position data to protect the elderly people in different situation.
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18

Xu, Cun Shan. "Application Research of MEMS ADXL345." Advanced Materials Research 457-458 (January 2012): 1550–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.457-458.1550.

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Due to excellent characteristics of lower cost, higher reliability, smaller power consumption, less volume and lighter weight, micro electro mechanical system (MEMS) has been widely accepted and used in portable electronic devices. Based on port S3C2440, a proper method is presented to carry out the study of dynamical characteristic for tri-axial digital accelerometer ADXL345. The results could provide a well approach for improvement of this novel component.
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Xu, Cun Shan. "Application Research of MEMS ADXL345." Advanced Materials Research 457-458 (January 2012): 1550–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/scientific5/amr.457-458.1550.

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20

Feriadi, Indra, Fajar Aswin, and M. Iqbal Nugraha. "Analisis Sistem Pengukuran Getaran Mems Accelerometer ADXL345." Manutech : Jurnal Teknologi Manufaktur 9, no. 02 (May 15, 2019): 63–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.33504/manutech.v9i02.48.

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Vibration measurement technology using conventional sensors such as piezoelectric (PZT) Accelerometer is still expensive. Currently, many low-cost vibration measuring devices have been developed by using Micro Electro Mechanical System (MEMS) technology. This study aims to analyze the results of vibration measurement system MEMS Accelerometer ADXL345 with PZT Accelerometer. This research applies design and develop approach with comparative data analysis technique, that is comparing data of result of measurement of MEMS Accelerometer ADXL345 to PZT Accelerometer Vibroport80. The construction comprises the ADXL345 sensor connected to the Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller operated by Widows operating system and programming language Arduino IDE 1.08. Testing of measurements at Bearing speeds of 500, 1000, and 1500 RPM with length of time measurements at 5, 10, and 20 seconds respectively. The analysis of the test results shows that the MEMS Accelerometer ADXL345 of vibration measurement system can measure, process and display vibration measurement data larger 3% than PZT Accelerometer and can provide the best measurement accuracy at 20 seconds measurement length of time.
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21

Brown, Alan S. "Tearing Down the Nearly Invisible." Mechanical Engineering 128, no. 08 (August 1, 2006): 34–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2006-aug-4.

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This paper discusses use of reverse engineering by various mechanical engineering companies and its benefits. The paper points out that reverse engineering—tearing down mechanical devices—is a natural way to learn how things work. Reverse engineering lies at the very heart of the profession. The paper also presents the ADXL330 case study, which shows how semiconductor technology does more for less money. With its 3-axis sensing, the ADXL330 is the first step toward cheap, low-power gyroscopes. It can provide motion-sensitive flip-wrist scrolling in mobile phones or image stabilization in digital cameras. Like many microelectromechanical systems, Analog Devices' ADXL330 has much larger features than modern integrated circuits. Chipworks focused on changes that have transformed reverse engineering of computer chips. The paper suggests that the ability of Chipworks and other companies like it to probe the micro and nanoscale world of today's silicon technology does provide valuable insights.
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Ngo, Ha Quang Thinh, Thanh Phuong Nguyen, and Hung Nguyen. "Research on a Low-Cost, Open-Source, and Remote Monitoring Data Collector to Predict Livestock’s Habits Based on Location and Auditory Information: A Case Study from Vietnam." Agriculture 10, no. 5 (May 19, 2020): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10050180.

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The supervision and feeding of grazing livestock are always difficult missions. Since animals act based on habits, the real-time monitoring data logger has become an indispensable instrument to assist farmers in recognizing the status of livestock. Position-tracked and acoustic monitoring have become commonplace as two of the best methods to characterize feeding performance in ruminants. Previously, the existing methods were limited to desktop computers and lacked a sound-collecting function. These restrictions impacted the late interventions from feeders and required a large-sized data memory. In this work, an open-source framework for a data collector that autonomously captures the health information of farm animals is introduced. In this portable hardware, a Wireless Location Acoustic Sensing System (WiLASS) is integrated to infer the health status through the activities and abnormal phenomena of farming livestock via chew–bite sound identification. WiLASS involves the open modules of ESP32-WROOM, GPS NEO-6M, ADXL335 accelerometer, GY-MAX4466 amplifier, temperature sensors, and other signal processing circuits. By means of wireless communication, the ESP32-WROOM Thing micro-processor offers high speed transmission, standard protocol, and low power consumption. Data are transferred in a real-time manner from the attached sensing modules to a digital server for further analysis. The module of GPS NEO-6M Thing brings about fast tracking, high precision, and a strong signal, which is suitable for highland applications. Some computations are incorporated into the accelerometer to estimate directional movement and vibration. The GY-MAX4466 Thing plays the role of microphone, which is used to store environmental sound. To ensure the quality of auditory data, they are recorded at a minimum sampling frequency of 10 KHz and at a 12-bit resolution. Moreover, a mobile software in pocket devices is implemented to provide extended mobility and social convenience. Converging with a cloud-based server, the multi-Thing portable platform can provide access to simultaneously supervise. Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol with low bandwidth, high reliability, and bi-direction, and which is appropriate for most operating systemsOS, is embedded into the system to prevent data loss. From the experimental results, the feasibility, effectiveness, and correctness of our approach are verified. Under the changes of climate, the proposed framework not only supports the improvement of farming techniques, but also provides a high-quality alternative for poor rural areas because of its low cost and its ability to carry out a proper policy for each species.
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Lovčević, Milan. "VIZUALIZACIJA RADA AKCELEROMETRA POMOĆU QT I ANDROID APLIKACIJE UPOTREBOM KLIJENT-SERVER ARHITEKTURE." Zbornik radova Fakulteta tehničkih nauka u Novom Sadu 36, no. 03 (March 10, 2021): 578–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.24867/12be53lovcevic.

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U okviru ovog rada prikazane su realizacije Qt i Android aplikacija koje omogućavaju prikupljanje podataka merenja akcelerometra ADXL345. Opisani su i način skladištenja podataka u SQLite bazu podataka i vizualizacija u realnom vremenu, primenom klijent-server arhitekture.
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Kishore, G. Vamshi, and J. Suresh. "Design of Wireless Acceleration Sensor Nodes Used in Mechanical Equipment Status Monitoring." International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences 6, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijaas.v6.i1.pp42-48.

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Wireless Sensor Network is a new integrated technology, which combines sensor technology, wireless communication technology, Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems technology and Digital electronic technology. Now, it has been widely used in military, industrial control, environmental monitoring, transportation, and medical. Along with the research evolution on Wireless Sensor Network, its application fields are gradually expanding. It is penetrating deep into each aspect of the human’s production and life, and will be a new revolutionary technology. In this paper, a wireless acceleration node based on wireless single chip processor CC2430, an ARM7TDMI-S core based microcontroller called LPC2478 microprocessor and three-axis acceleration sensor ADXL330 is designed to monitor the mechanical system operation conditions and fault diagnosis with high efficiency. The performance and characteristics of CC2430, ADXL330 and LPC2478 are introduced compactly. The designations of hardware as well as software of wireless network node are introduced in details. The nodes perform steadily and efficiently in practical test, and it can be easily applied to other monitoring areas.
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Apriyansa, A., J. Bintoro, and E. Sandi. "Development of Early Real-Time Disaster Mitigation Warning System Landslide with Gyroscope ADXL345 Sensor." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2019, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 012080. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2019/1/012080.

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Abstract The purpose of the research is to develop a Real-Time Landslide Early Disaster Mitigation Warning System with the ADXL345 Gyroscope Sensor and to know the exact system designed in a prototype. The method used is research and development with a prototyping model which is divided into several stages, namely stage (1) problems, (2) data collection, (3) prototype design, (4) prototype testing, and (5) production. The resulting system is a prototype based on an Arduino microcontroller called “ERT-Ladister” with an ADXL345 Gyroscope sensor. Other features include SMS-Gateway, buzzer, and Monitoring via Monitor. Based on the feasibility test and the effectiveness test on a lab scale and field scale, it can be concluded that the system is feasible and effective. The value of the effectiveness test shows that there is a significant difference between before the system is installed and after the system is installed in field trials. The Real-Time Landslide Early Disaster Mitigation Warning System can increase community awareness around landslide-prone areas.
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Ferdinando, Hany, Handry Khoswanto, and Djoko Purwanto. "Performance Evaluation of MMA7260QT and ADXL345 on Self Balancing Robot." TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) 11, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.12928/telkomnika.v11i1.876.

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Apriyansa, Ari, Jusuf Bintoro, and Efri Sandi. "PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM MITIGASI BENCANA LONGSOR MENGGUNAKAN ACCELEROMETER ADXL345 BERBASIS WEB LOCALHOST." JURNAL PENDIDIKAN VOKASIONAL TEKNIK ELEKTRONIKA (JVoTE) 2, no. 2 (December 4, 2019): 48–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/jvote.v2i2.13574.

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Sistem mitigasi bencana tanah longsor menggunakan sensor accelerometer ADXL 345 berbasis web localhost dan SMS Gateway yang dirancang dalam sebuah prototipe. Pengembangan sistem mitigasi bencana tanah longsor ini dibagi kedalam 3 bagian yaitu bagian input berupa sensor accelerometer yang difungsikan untuk mendeteksi pergerakan tanah rawan longsor. Arduino Mega 2560 sebagai bagian proses dan tampilan pada web localhost serta pesan singkat yang diterima dari perangkat SMS Gateway sebagai bagian dari output. Metode yang digunakan adalah research and development yang dibagi menjadi beberapa tahap yaitu tahap identifikasi masalah, pengumpulan data, mendesain prototipe, uji coba prototipe, dan produksi. Sistem mitigasi bencana ini dapat mendeteksi pergerakan tanah yang terjadi dilapangan, dapat dimonitoring melalui layar komputer karena dilengkapi dengan webcam serta dapat mengirimkan pesan singkat ke perangkat mobile jika terjadi bencana tanah longsor.
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Refni, Elsa, and Wildian Wildian. "Sistem Telemetri Pendeteksi dan Identifikasi Lokasi Jatuh Lansia Berbasis Sensor Getar ADXL345." Jurnal Fisika Unand 10, no. 2 (April 6, 2021): 225–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jfu.10.2.225-231.2021.

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Rodrigues, João Victor Oliveira, Marcos Paulo Gonçalves Pedroso, Flávio Fernandes Barbosa Silva, and Reginaldo Gonçalves Leão Junior. "Performance evaluation of accelerometers ADXL345 and MPU6050 exposed to random vibrational input." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 15 (November 27, 2021): e286101523082. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i15.23082.

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The use of vibration monitors is a well-established practice in industrial maintenance, usually vibration sensors are positioned at specific points on the monitored machinery and data are continuously collected to feed a machine operating health control system. Nevertheless, the technology for obtaining the signal, its treatment and analysis is generally expensive, and the financial return is not evident, which justifies the development of low-cost alternatives technologies. In this work was performed an analysis of the responses of two Micro-Electro-Mechanical accelerometers, models ADXL345 and MPU6050, exposed to a low intensity random signal and standard operating frequency. The objective of the analysis was to verify the capacity of these devices to be used as mechanical vibration sensors for rotating machines. For this purpose, offset shift analyzes of the sensors due to the Earth's gravitational field were performed, as well as vibrational spectrum and rectification errors analysis under multiple conditions. The data pointed to a greater uniformity of the MPU6050 response, while several behavioral anomalies were seen in the ADXL345, when these sensors are exposed to the same mechanical signal. The qualitative and quantitative behavior of MPU6050 rectification error was consistent with reported in the literature. It was noted that the methodology used can profile the behavior of sensors, however, it is not sufficient to safely justify the inaccuracies, requiring that the tests be performed on a statistically representative number of sensors from different manufacturers and batches.
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Setyawan, Dodi Yudo, Nurfiana Nurfiana, Lia Rosmalia, and Melia Gripin Setiawati. "Gempa Bumi : Hubungan Data Sensor MAG3110 dengan Data Sensor ADXL345 Berbasis IoT." Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika 9, no. 2 (July 31, 2021): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jtaf.v9i2.2802.

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Fan, Song Wei, and Hong Wei Bian. "The Design and Error Compensation Research of 3-Axis Electronic Compass Installed in Small Muti-Rotors Unmanned Aerial Vehicle." Applied Mechanics and Materials 256-259 (December 2012): 2270–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.256-259.2270.

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A 3-axis electronic compass is designed for small multi-rotors unmanned vehicle. The STM32F103 is used as E-compass’ CPU, and ADXL345 and MAG3110 is used as the acceleration and geomagnetic sensor. The E-compass’ software is programmed by using IAR EWARM. For outdoor applications, the ellipsoid assumption theory is simply proved and used for E-compass’ self-calibration. By using the zero-bias adjustment for pre-calibration and the fitellipsoid compensation for precise calibration, the E-compass’ precision is nearly 1 degree.
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Chen, Jun, and Jia Wang. "Design of tilt measuring system based on ADXL327." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 252 (July 9, 2019): 022115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/252/2/022115.

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Liu, Shu Wei, Yan Wen Wu, Yu Chong Tian, and Kai Jin. "Design of the Walkers’ Exercise Information Service System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 643 (September 2014): 159–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.643.159.

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In this paper, we connect the pedometer to the mobile phone or personal computer using the platform of IOT. This reduces the defect of pedometer as a single node. The pedometer part integrates ADXL345 acceleration transducer and MSP430 MCU to get the data of steps, energy consumption and speed of a walker with low latency, then uploads this digital information to mobile phone or personal computer using Bluetooth technology. The data information can be uploaded into the pedometer server to realize online query of walkers' exercise records, exercise guidance and other function.
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Xin zhenghua, Chen xiao, Song Qixiang, Hu Liangyi, and Harmeet Kaur. "The System of Controlling Remote Car by Wireless Communication based on the ADXL345." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON Advances in Information Sciences and Service Sciences 5, no. 9 (May 15, 2013): 635–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4156/aiss.vol5.issue9.75.

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Liandana, Made. "Penerapan Teknologi LoRa pada Purwarupa Awal Wearable Device." RESEARCH : Computer, Information System & Technology Management 2, no. 2 (October 11, 2019): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.25273/research.v2i02.5191.

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<p class="infAbstract"><em>Wearable device</em> digunakan dengan disematkan ke pakaian atau dikenakan ke bagain tubuh pengguna sehingga mobilitas pengguna akan mempengaruhi jarak antara transceiver yang ada pada <em>wearable device</em> dengan perangkat yang digunakan mengumpulkan data atau informasi yang dihasilkan oleh sensor pada <em>wearable device</em>. Penggunaan WiFi memungkinkan untuk mengatasi masalah jarak tersebut namun dari sisi konsumsi energi perlu menyediakan baterai tambahan sehingga berpengaruh terhadap ukuran <em>wearable device.</em> Dibandingkan dengan WiFi Bluetooth dan NFC memiliki konsumsi energi dan ukuran yang lebih kecil namun dari sisi jangkauan memiliki jarak yang pendek. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan teknologi yang dapat menangani permasalahan jarak dan konsumsi daya tersebut, salah satunya adalah LoRa (Long Range). Pada penelitian ini <em>wearable device </em>dirancang dengan menggunakan transciever LoRa (Long Range)tipe SX1278 dan menggunakan sensor accelerometer ADXL345. Bagian wearable device pengirim dipasang sensor accelerometer, transciever LoRa digunakan pada bagian pengirim dan penerima, sedangkan untuk unit pra pemrosesan menggunakan platform Arduino Nano Atmega328p. Pengujian pengiriman data dilakukan dengan mengirim sejumlah angka secara sekuensial pada jarak 10 meter dari wearable device pengirim ke penerima. Hasil pengujian pengiriman menunjukkan, angka sekuensial dapat diterima tanpa ada sekuen yang hilang. Sedangkan untuk modul sensor ADXL345 pengujian dilakukan dengan membandingkan nilai referensi dengan nilai pembacaan actual, dari hasil pengujian selisih nilai aktual untuk sumbu sensor (x,y,z) dengan nilai referensi telah mendekati nilai nol.</p>
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Yang, Quan Fa, Gui Rong Ye, and Chang You Li. "Research on Measurement Method of Rotational Angle of Plane Rudder Based on ADXL345 Sensor." Applied Mechanics and Materials 556-562 (May 2014): 3124–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.3124.

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A measurement method based on digital MEMS’ acceleration sensor is proposed. The paper analyzes the working principle of capacitive acceleration sensor. According to the coordinate space transformation theory, a mathematical model of the measurement method was built, and the mathematical expressions of the angle displacement of aircraft rudder was deduced; A measurement system of aircraft tail wing inclined was established using MEMS’ acceleration ADXL345, and taken STM32 as controller. Setting different angles in 3D turntable and aiming at a typical inclination angles, the aircraft tail rotation angle experiment was simulated, and experiment achieved angle measurement arranging from-90°-90°. Experiment results demonstrate that when the inclination is close to the real inclination of aircraft tail wing, the maximum error is 0.277°, less than 0.3°, which meets the requirement of measurement. For aircraft currently being used, the measurement method can achieve the angle measurement of aircraft tail wing rotating effectively.
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Thanagasundram, S., and F. S. Schlindwein. "Comparison of integrated micro-electrical-mechanical system and piezoelectric accelerometers for machine condition monitoring." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 220, no. 8 (August 1, 2006): 1135–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544062c07405.

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The design and implementation of instrumentation to collect real-time vibrational data from a quasi-steady state machine (a dry vacuum pump) for fault prediction diagnostics is presented. When simultaneous multiple data collection points are required on the same machinery, the use of conventional transducers such as piezoelectric accelerometers becomes impractical due to their price, as each needs an expensive associated charge amplifier. The use of inexpensive micromachined integrated micro-electrical-mechanical system accelerometers such as ADXL105 has been explored here as an alternative to piezoelectric accelerometers for obtaining reliable and predictable data for diagnostics. Surface micromachined accelerometers are a new technology and their usage for vibrational analysis has been conservative due to concerns over increased noise levels and tolerance to high temperatures. In this article, it is shown that such concerns can be allayed. The time and frequency domain vibration signatures obtained using both types of accelerometers are compared. The study shows that ADXL105 accelerometers can be an effective alternative low-cost high-quality solution for machine condition monitoring.
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Zhu, Jiaxin, Weifeng Wang, Shiping Huang, and Wei Ding. "An Improved Calibration Technique for MEMS Accelerometer-Based Inclinometers." Sensors 20, no. 2 (January 13, 2020): 452. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20020452.

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Micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) accelerometer-based inclinometers are widely used to measure deformations of civil structures. To further improve the measurement accuracy, a new calibration technique was proposed in this paper. First, a single-parameter calibration model was constructed to obtain accurate angles. Then, an image-processing-based method was designed to obtain the key parameter for the calibration model. An ADXL355 accelerometer-based inclinometer was calibrated to evaluate the feasibility of the technique. In this validation experiment, the technique was proven to be reliable and robust. Finally, to evaluate the performance of the technique, the calibrated MEMS inclinometer was used to measure the deflections of a scale beam model. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed technique can yield accurate deformation measurements for MEMS inclinometers.
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Liandana, Made, and Bagus Made Sabda Nirmala. "Wearable Device untuk Merekam Data Akselerasi Aktivitas Fisik Menggunakan Sensor Accelerometer." EXPLORE 10, no. 1 (January 10, 2020): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.35200/explore.v9i1.263.

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Penelitian ini berfokus untuk merakam akselerasi sebagai akibat dari aktivitas fisik. Nilai akselerasi sebagai akibat dari suatu aktivitas memiliki pola tertentu sesuai dengan gerakan atau aktivitas yang dilakukan, pola dari akselerasi tersebut selanjutnya dapat diolah atau dikalkulasi untuk mengetahui jenis aktivitas yang dilakukan. Sebelum melakukan pengolahan data akselerasi maka diperlukan proses perekaman data, pada penelitian ini perekaman dilakukan dengan memasang perangkat wearable device pada pinggang sebelah kiri kemudian mengirimkan data tersebut ke komputer yang digunakan untuk merekam pola aktivitas. Wearable device yang dirancang terdiri dari: sensor accelerometer dengan menggunakan modul ADXL345, pembaca nilai sensor dengan menggunakan board Lilypad Arduino, pengirim data dengan menggunakan modul Bluetooth HC-05, dan komputer penerima. Fungsi pengiriman data akselerasi, menampilkan nilai akselerasi, dan perekaman pola akselerasi untuk aktivitas berjalan, duduk, dan berdiri sudah dapat berfungsi dengan baik.
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Chafla Altamirano, Gustavo Xavier, Carlos Alberto Reinoso Jeréz, and Helen Miranda Ruíz. "Prototipo de sistema de sensores analámbricos para alerta temprana de deslaves." SATHIRI, no. 11 (December 15, 2016): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.32645/13906925.14.

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El presente trabajo de investigación contiene el diseño, construcción y pruebas de un sistema de monitoreo de deslaves, basado en sensores inalámbricos de una red operando en el protocolo IEEE802.15.4 (ZigBee), esta red está formada de nodos, los cuales realizan mediciones de movimiento e inclinación de zonas de riesgo, información que es transmitida a un nodo principal coordinador que se convertirá en el enlace o Gateway entre la Red Local ZigBee y la red celular, para alcanzar una central de monitoreo y alerta temprana, el sistema está basado en radios de comunicaciones XBee de Digi International y montados sobre PCB’s Arduino para controlar los sensores ADXL345 encargados de la medición de variaciones en la gravedad (inclinación) a fin de alertar oportunamente a las autoridades y ciudadanos para tomar medidas de prevención de desastres naturales.
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Meng, Qingpu, Fuguang Huo, Song Teng, Zushan Ding, Tun Gu, and Chuang Cao. "An Autonomous Vibration-Sensing System for Power Transmission Lines Monitoring." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2095, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2095/1/012014.

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Abstract An autonomous vibration-sensing system including of ring magnetoelectric energy scavenger, an energy management module, a plurality of wireless acceleration sensor nodes and APP mobile terminal for power transmission lines monitoring was presented. The ring-type ferrite/piezoelectric composite with strong magnetoelectric couplings and a coil wound around it is used to scavenge the electromagnetic energy around the conductor, and the energy management module successively fulfill the functions of inductive/capacitive resonance matching, rectification and voltage stabilization and storage/release of the scavenged electric energy, and then provides driving power for signal acquisition and data transmission of 4G wireless acceleration sensor nodes. Testing results show that the collected energy can fulfill the power-supplying requirements of ADXL345, and the real-time as well as historical data curves within a specified time can be acquired through 4G and narrowband internet of things technologies.
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Holovatyy, Andriy, Vasyl Teslyuk, Marek Iwaniec, and Marta Mashevska. "Development of a system for monitoring vibration accelerations based on the raspberry pi microcomputer and the ADXL345 accelerometer." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 6, no. 9 (90) (November 23, 2017): 52–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2017.116082.

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Najmurrokhman, A., Kusnandar, U. Komarudin, A. M. Annas, and R. Rahim. "Design and Realization of A Low Cost Clinometer based on ADXL345 Sensor, Ultrasonic Sensor, and Android based Smartphone." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1424 (December 2019): 012006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1424/1/012006.

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Li, Shu Gang, Zhi Wu Zhu, and Fei Shen. "The Study of Wireless Measurement System for Neuro-Motor Reaction Time." Advanced Materials Research 472-475 (February 2012): 2850–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.472-475.2850.

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The purpose of this study was to introduce the design and realization about a measurement system, which is based by accelerometer ADXLl05 and wireless data-transmission module for starting line of athlete’s reaction time. This system plotted curves of players’ reaction time using 89C205l as the core of the front-end of the system reaction time measurement device, the measurement device take real-time captures players' reaction time, and then sent over the wireless data-transmission module player reaction time to the PC machine to display, and to record the reaction time.
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Komec Mutlu, Ahu, Ulgen Mert Tugsal, and Ahmet Anil Dindar. "Utilizing an Arduino-Based Accelerometer in Civil Engineering Applications in Undergraduate Education." Seismological Research Letters 93, no. 2A (November 17, 2021): 1037–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0220210137.

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Abstract One of the most important issues in civil engineering undergraduate education is response analysis of structures for earthquake-resistant design. Precautions that should be taken against seismic hazards not only include the design of earthquake-safe buildings but also monitoring the strength and dynamic characteristics of structures. Because this is an important topic in theoretical aspects of civil engineering education at the undergraduate level, it is essential to have opportunities to perform practices so students can better understand lectures. In the Gebze Technical University (GTU) Civil Engineering Department, we guide our undergraduate students to graduate as competent engineers who use practice tools. For this purpose, we designed an Arduino-based accelerometer device and its software toolkit, which records and visualizes structural vibration data in the process of learning the best practices of seismic safety. The device contains Arduino UNO board ADXL345 MEMS (microelectromechanical systems) Accelerometer and microSD card module. Both Arduino and Python open-source programming languages were implemented in the device. We have produced a total number of 15 accelerometers (named the ACCE_edu-Arduino based accelerometer for Civil Engineering education) integrating these cards and sensors that are widely used for vibration measurement and interpretation to record vibration data. Within the scope of “Python programming” lectures in the GTU undergraduate program, these toolkits will be used to obtain data that would be recorded, stored, visualized, and filtered using Python programming language, which provides a practical application in data processing.
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Schwenck, Adrian, Thomas Guenther, and André Zimmermann. "Characterization and Benchmark of a Novel Capacitive and Fluidic Inclination Sensor." Sensors 21, no. 23 (December 1, 2021): 8030. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21238030.

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In this paper, a fluidic capacitive inclination sensor is presented and compared to three types of silicon-based microelectromechanical system (MEMS) accelerometers. MEMS accelerometers are commonly used for tilt measurement. They can only be manufactured by large companies with clean-room technology due to the high requirements during assembly. In contrast, the fluidic sensor can be produced by small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) as well, since only surface mount technologies (SMT) are required. Three different variants of the fluidic sensor were investigated. Two variants using stacked printed circuit boards (PCBs) and one variant with 3D-molded interconnect devices (MIDs) to form the sensor element are presented. Allan deviation, non-repeatability, hysteresis, and offset temperature stability were measured to compare the sensors. Within the fluidic sensors, the PCB variant with two sensor cavities performed best regarding all the measurement results except non-repeatability. Regarding bias stability, white noise, which was determined from the Allan deviation, and hysteresis, the fluidic sensors outperformed the MEMS-based sensors. The accelerometer Analog Devices ADXL355 offers slightly better results regarding offset temperature stability and non-repeatability. The MEMS sensors Bosch BMA280 and TDK InvenSense MPU6500 do not match the performance of fluidic sensors in any category. Their advantages are the favorable price and the smaller package. From the investigations, it can be concluded that the fluidic sensor is competitive in the targeted price range, especially for applications with extended requirements regarding bias stability, noise, and hysteresis.
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Martiskainen, Paula, Jukka-Pekka Skön, Mikko Järvinen, Jarkko Tiirikainen, Mikko Kolehmainen, and Jaakko Mononen. "Kolmiulotteisen kiihtyvyysanturin ja älykkäiden laskentamenetelmien käyttö lypsylehmien käyttäytymisen mallintamisessa." Suomen Maataloustieteellisen Seuran Tiedote, no. 26 (January 31, 2010): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.33354/smst.75781.

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Karjakokojen kasvaessa on pakko turvautua yhä useammin eläintuotannon pitkälle menevään automatisointiin. Kiihtyvyysantureiden avulla voi olla mahdollista seurata tarkasti myös eläinten käyttäytymistä ja siten tehdä arvioita eläinten hyvinvoinnin tasosta. Tutkimme kiihtyvyysanturin käyttömahdollisuuksia lypsylehmien käyttäytymisen mittaamisessa. Tutkimuksessa käytettiin kolmiulotteista kiihtyvyysanturia (ADXL330, Analog Devices), joka kiinnitettiin 30 lypsylehmän kaulapannan niskapuolelle. Kiihtyvyyttä mitattiin 10 Hz taajuudella. Kiihtyvyysarvojen tulkitsemista varten lehmien käyttäytymistoiminnoista tehtiin havaintoja suoraan navetassa sekä videolta. Analysoitavia käyttäytymistoimintoja olivat seisominen (havaintojen lukumäärä 1356; havainnoitujen lehmien lukumäärä 30), makaaminen (1150; 30), makuulla märehtiminen (1411; 30), säilörehun syöminen (1017; 30), käveleminen normaalisti (568; 6), ontuminen (571; 9), makuulle laskeutuminen (63; 18) ja ylös nouseminen (101; 18). Käyttäytymishavaintojen kanssa samanaikaisesti kerätyistä kiihtyvyysmittauksista laskettiin 28 piirrettä (keskiarvo, keskihajonta, vinous, huipukkuus, maksimiarvo, minimiarvo ja energia kullekin kiihtyvyysanturin kolmelle akselille; akselien kiihtyvyysarvojen väliset korrelaatiot ja vektorin pituus) käyttäen laskennassa 10 sekunnin aikaikkunaa. Piirrevektorien saamat arvot skaalattiin nollan ja yhden välille. Aineisto luokiteltiin tukivektorikoneella (Support vector machine) yhdistämällä kahdeksan kaksiluokkaista luokittelijaa. Luokittelijan opetuksessa käytettiin 70 % ja testauksessa 30 % aineistosta. Luokittelumallien ulkoinen tarkkuus (accuracy) oli kaikilla malleilla hyvä (87–99 %). Luokittelun onnistumista tarkasteltiin sisäisen tarkkuuden (precision) avulla, joka kertoo, kuinka suuren osuuden esimerkiksi havaituista seisomistapauksista malli myös luokittelee seisomiseksi. Luokittelumalli tunnisti käyttäytymistoiminnoista parhaiten makuulla märehtimisen (tehdyistä havainnoista 86 % luokiteltiin oikein), makaamisen (83 %), säilörehun syömisen (81 %) ja normaalisti kävelemisen (79 %). Hiukan heikommin tunnistettiin ontuminen (66 %) ja seisominen (65 %). Makuulle laskeutumisen (0 %) ja ylös nousemisen (29 %) tunnistaminen aineistosta ei onnistunut mallintamiseen käytettyjen havaintojen vähäisen lukumäärän vuoksi. Käyttämämme luokittelumalli ei näytä sellaisenaan sopivan lyhytkestoisten käyttäytymistoimintojen mallintamiseen. Käytetyt luokittelumallit vaativatkin vielä kehittämistä luotettavampien tulosten saavuttamiseksi. Kiihtyvyysanturin hyödyntäminen lypsylehmien käyttäytymisen seurannassa on tulostemme perusteella kuitenkin mahdollista.
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48

Badrinath, Suriya, and Raja Muthalagu. "Modelling Human Activity using Smartphone Data." Open Biomedical Engineering Journal 15, no. 1 (October 18, 2021): 58–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874120702115010058.

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Background: Over time, multichannel time series data were utilized for the purpose of modeling human activity. Instruments such as an accelerometer and gyroscope which had sensors embedded in them, recorded sensor data which were then utilized to record 6-axes, single dimensional convolution for the purpose of formulating a deep CNN. The resultant network achieved 94.79% activity recognition accuracy on raw sensor data, and 95.57% accuracy when Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) knowledge was added to the sensor data. Objective: This study helps to achieve an orderly report of daily Human activities for the overall balanced lifestyle of a healthy human being. Methods: Interfacing is done using Arduino Uno, Raspberry-Pi 3, heart rate sensor and accelerometer ADXL345 to generate real time values of day-to-day human activities such as walking, sleeping, climbing upstairs/downstairs and so on. Initially, the heart pulse of our four tested individuals is recorded and tabulated to depict and draw conclusions all the way from “Low BP” to “Heavy Exercise”. The convolution neural network is initially trained with an online human activity dataset and tested using our real time generated values which are sent to the MAC OS using a Bluetooth interface. Results: We obtain graphical representations of the amount of each activity performed by the test set of individuals, and in turn conclusions which suggest increase or decrease in the consistency of certain activities to the users, depicted through our developed iOS application, “Fitnesse”. Conclusion: The result of this works is used to improve the daily health routines and the overall lifestyle of distressed patients.
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49

Xingjun, Duan. "Application of Motion Sensor Fusion in Special Competitive Sports." Journal of Sensors 2021 (October 23, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/4469367.

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With the advancement of science and technology and the rapid development of the field of intelligence, new sensor technology has also made great progress. The availability and use speed of motion sensor technology are increasing rapidly, while its cost is reduced, the overall performance is also more complete, and the application fields are becoming more and more extensive. Based on the introduction and summary of the human body structure and the characteristics of sports, in order to facilitate the study of human movement, this article establishes a rod-shaped sports model and a human body coordinate system that is convenient for analysis and calculation. Through the analysis of commonly used sports parameter measurement methods, a method of using acceleration parameters for sports measurement and analysis is proposed. The motion sensor is used to measure the movement of the limbs, and the mathematical relationship between acceleration parameters and speed, displacement, and other parameters is used to solve other motion parameters, so as to analyze the posture and movement trajectory of sports. We developed a motion acquisition system which is divided into two parts: a signal acquisition unit and a data processing unit. With ARM7 and three-axis accelerometer ADXL330 as the core, it can realize information acquisition and data analysis of up to 5 sensor network nodes. The topology management platform mainly formulates the sleep strategy of suitable nodes according to the changes of the sensor network topology, maintains the connectivity of the network, and ensures the effective transmission of data. On the basis of the performance test of the system, a sports measurement experiment was carried out, and it was applied to the control of competitive sports for reliability testing. The experimental results verified the use of the sports information acquisition system to collect and analyze sports information.
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50

Srokosz, Piotr E., Ireneusz Dyka, Marcin Bujko, and Marta Bocheńska. "A Modified Resonant Column Device for In-Depth Analysis of Vibration in Cohesive and Cohesionless Soils." Energies 14, no. 20 (October 14, 2021): 6647. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14206647.

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With the accelerating progression of global climate change, switching to renewable energy sources is inevitable. Wind energy is a fast-growing branch of this industry, and according to the 2021 Global Wind Report, this trend must continue in order to limit the increase in global average temperature. While onshore wind turbines still dominate and account for most recent growth, offshore wind turbines are becoming a promising alternative for geographical, power density-related or even aesthetic reasons. Offshore wind turbines are subjected to more complex loading conditions and proper foundation design is very challenging, however, this is crucial for ensuring and maintaining the structure’s reliability. Soil dynamic tests are one of the bases for wind turbine foundation design. Technical regulations in many countries require such tests to be carried out in a Resonant Column (RC). In this study, a modification of the RC sensors and data acquisition system was introduced in order to conduct in-depth analysis of vibrating soil specimens. The new set of sensors contained five additional accelerometers (Analog Devices ADXL345) attached to the surface of a soil specimen that was subjected to dynamic loading. These accelerometers sent the data to a new data acquisition system, an ARM microcontroller with software developed by authors. The software was able to process test results synchronously with the original software of the RC device. Additionally, the load control system was supplemented with a current pulse generator, which makes it possible to observe the propagation of high-frequency mechanical waves in the tested materials. The modified dynamic testing equipment allowed for the measuring of accelerations and displacements at specific selected points located along the height of the sample, with sampling frequency more than three times higher than that offered by the sensors originally built into the RC device. As a result, some additional dynamic phenomena (i.e., disturbances in the uniformity of vibrations of non-cohesive materials, specimen–device contact imperfections) were observed in the tested soil specimens which remained undetected in standard RC test.
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