Journal articles on the topic 'Advertising and mothers'
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1
Klymenko, I. V., and A. I. Lokhmachova. "PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF PRESENTATION AND PERCEPTION OF MOTHERS IMAGES IN ADVERTISING." Ukrainian Psychological Journal, no. 2 (12) (2019): 60–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/upj.2019.2(12).4.
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The article is devoted to the generalization of information about the image of the “ideal” or “good” mother and its implementation in advertising practice. The authors analyzed the evolution of this image in the media space from the concept of traditionalism (woman who is realized exclusively in the family and motherhood) to the concept of neo-traditionalism (mother, who has time for everything, including the professional sphere and the sphere of self-fulfillment). There is an increase in value of egalitarian models (partnership distribution of roles and functions between husband and wife) and the presentation of realistic ideas about a “non-ideal” mother in foreign practice. However, this trend is much less common in the Ukrainian advertising space. The authors found the most common images of mothers in Ukrainian advertising: “Selfless”, “Caring”, “Balanced”, “Hedonic”, “Rebellious” and “Supervisory” and analyzed the peculiarities of their use, the intensity of presentation, the relationship with the advertised product. The authors found that conservative images of mothers (family oriented, selfless, caring, able to keep everything under control) are generally positively perceived by the target audience. Images that are distant from such traditionalist cliché (innovative, self-centered, hedonic) are rated worse. The authors demonstrated the relationship between mothers’ individual characteristics and their tendency to favor a particular character in advertising. Women, who are more experienced, self-sufficient, tend to rely on their own experience prefer less conservative advertising images (“Balanced”, and “Hedonic”). Less experienced women, who are guided by externalities experience, are focused exclusively on child, perceive positively traditionalist images “Selfless” and “Supervisory” mother.
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Netty, Netty, Siti Rabiathul, and Nurul Indah Qoriati. "Hubungan Pengetahuan, Sikap dan Iklan Susu Formula dengan Pemberian ASI Ekslusif di Wilayah Puskesmas Rawat Inap Cempaka Kota Banjarbaru." Jurnal Kesehatan Indonesia 9, no. 2 (June 11, 2019): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.33657/jurkessia.v9i2.177.
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Exclusive breastfeeding rate in South Kalimantan is only 51.18% of what should be 70%. Factors that inhibit exclusive breastfeeding are the lack of mother's knowledge of exclusive breastfeeding excellence, mother's attitude towards exclusive breastfeeding, and incessant milk formula advertising. The aim of this research is to know the relationship of knowledge, attitude and advertising of formula milk with Exclusive Breast Feeding in Cempaka Rawat Inap Puskesmas of 2018. Method of research of analytic survey with cross sectional approach. The population is all mothers who have babies aged 6-24 months which amounted to 435 people. Sample of 81 people. Sampling using technique Purposive sampling. The statistical test is Chi square test. The results showed that the most breastfeeding was not exclusive breastfeeding as much as 42 people (51.9%). Knowledge of respondents at most is quite as much as 43 people (53.1%). The most positive attitude is 46 people (56.8%). Infant formula advertising in mothers showed that most respondents were interested in formula milk ads as much as 48 people (59.3%). There is knowledge relation (p-value = 0,012 <α 0,05), there is relationship of attitude (p-value = 0,000 <α 0,05). There is a formula milk advertising relationship (p-value = 0,000 <α 0.05). It is hoped that mothers can increase their knowledge, awareness about the importance of exclusive breastfeeding, and are not interested in formula milk advertising despite offering attractive promotions and prizes
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Lee, Jinhee, Ji Mi Hong, and Hyuk Jun Cheong. "Perfect Mothers? The Description of Mothers in Food Advertising." Journal of Promotion Management 26, no. 4 (January 29, 2020): 593–611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10496491.2020.1719959.
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Lane, Daniel M. "Antenatal Formula Advertising." Pediatrics 95, no. 3 (March 1, 1995): 453. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.95.3.453.
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The criticism of antenatal formula advertising by Howard et al1 regrettably reflects how ignorant many pediatricians are about breast-feeding in the community setting. Having been involved in infant nutrition studies on a face-to-face basis for more than 10 years,2 our experience indicates that formula advertising plays an insignificant role in reducing the frequency of breast-feeding among new mothers. Most information about infant nutrition is provided to American mothers through hospitals' prenatal classes run by Departments of Obstetrics.
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Hartono, Hanny Savitri, Sharyn Davies, and Graeme MacRae. "'You can’t avoid sex and cigarettes': How Indonesian Muslim mothers teach their children to read billboards." Pacific Journalism Review : Te Koakoa 23, no. 2 (November 30, 2017): 179–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v23i2.309.
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Muslim mothers in Indonesia find many roadside billboards confronting, especially those advertising harmful products such as cigarettes or using sexualised images of women. This unease is exacerbated by the fact that during daily commutes neither they nor their children can avoid seeing these billboards. However, while billboards pose a challenge to Islamic sensibilities, some Muslim mothers use these billboards as sites to educate their children about piety, modesty and tolerance. Such reflexive engagement is informed by an ongoing dialectic between mother’s interpretations of Islamic teachings and the realities of contemporary Indonesian media culture. This article explores this dialectic through interviews with Muslim mothers in Semarang, Indonesia.
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Osman, N. A., and F. F. El Sabban. "Infant-feeding practices in Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates." Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 5, no. 1 (May 1, 1999): 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.26719/1999.5.1.103.
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A survey was conducted to study the practices of infant-feeding and the influencing factors in Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates. It involved 375 mothers of different nationalities and backgrounds and 300 healthy infants. The mothers were interviewed at four primary health care clinics in Al-Ain. Results showed that 46% of infants were breastfed for 4-6 months. The mother’s nationality and her educational status were significant influences on the mother’s decision to exclusively breast-feed the infant, for how long and when to introduce supplementary food. Fresh cow and goat milk were the most common supplements. Inclusion of baby formula as a supplement generally occurred early, perhaps because of advertising and the affluence in Al-Ain
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Laczniak, Russell N., Darrel D. Muehling, and Les Carlson. "Mothers’ Attitudes toward 900-Number Advertising Directed at Children." Journal of Public Policy & Marketing 14, no. 1 (March 1995): 108–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074391569501400110.
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Although advertising directed at children has been a highly researched topic, no published studies to date have specifically investigated advertisements that encourage children to call 900-telephone numbers. As a result, the authors study parents’ attitudes toward such advertisements (and other promotional activities) directed at children. Their findings on the basis of responses from over 370 mothers in three distinct regions of the United States suggest that parents are extremely negative toward advertisers’ use of 900-numbers in children's advertising. In fact, their results indicate that maternal attitudes toward these advertisements are substantially more negative than other controversial promotional activities directed at children (e.g., toy-based programs). The authors also find that parental attitudes were largely unaffected by demographic, media usage, and parental style factors.
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McCabe, Maryann. "Ritual, Embodiment and the Paradox of Doing the Laundry." Journal of Business Anthropology 7, no. 1 (April 23, 2018): 8–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/jba.v7i1.5490.
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Paradox often provides a starting point for cultural analysis of consumer behavior. The paradox of the laundry in which mothers find the laundry a boring and repetitive task yet hesitate to relinquish the chore to others is examined through the embodied experience of women’s laundry rituals. Performance of the ritual generates feelings of competence in cleaning clothes to an absolute standard of cleanliness and feelings of caring, nurturance and love of family. For mothers, the ritual goal of cultivating subjectivity in children about presentation of self to the world depends on drawers full of clean clothes. Laundry rituals are transformative because they ignite and renew emotions relating to a perceived parental role. This article discusses implementation of anthropological practice in terms of incorporating ethnographic research findings into advertising communications. In the implementation process, agency is key in bridging discourse of mothers and discourse of advertising and in producing culture.
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Fidler, Katy, and Anthony Costello. "The Role of Doctors in Influencing Infant Feeding Practices in South India." Tropical Doctor 25, no. 4 (October 1995): 178–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004947559502500412.
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Infant feeding practices are influenced by many factors including culture, household income, literacy, advice from health care workers and advertising. In South India doctors play a very significant role in influencing a mother's decision about when or whether to supplement breastfeeding with formula feeds. Doctors exert their influence on mothers both directly and indirectly, and they are increasingly targeted by commercial infant food companies. Doctors need continuing education about nutrition education, lactation management, and a greater awareness about the influence of inappropriate promotional practices by companies.
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Waller, David S., and Evi V. Lanasier. "Attitudes of Indonesian Mothers Toward Food Advertising Directed to Children." Journal of Food Products Marketing 21, no. 4 (March 9, 2015): 397–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10454446.2014.885870.
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Amira Kurspahic Mujcic and Amra Mujcic. "Factors associated with breastfeeding duration among women in Sarajevo Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 16, no. 2 (November 30, 2022): 318–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2022.16.2.1146.
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Breastfeeding is the optimal method of infant feeding bringing short-and long-term benefits for infants, mothers, environment, economy and the entire society. A variety of factors influence and determine breastfeeding duration, including characteristics of the mother, the child and the family, aspects of the health care system, public health and social policies, advertising and promotion of alternative feeding methods. This study aimed to investigate the factors which are associated with breastfeeding duration in a sample of mothers living in Sarajevo Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina. This cross-sectional study was carried out at the Pediatric Outpatient Department of the Public Institution Primary Health Care Centre of Canton Sarajevo. The study evaluated 150 mothers in three groups according to breastfeeding duration of 50 each (i.e. less than 3 months, 3–5 months and 6 months and more). As an instrument for data collection a questionnaire was used to provide sociodemographic data, information about mother’s health during pregnancy, delivery in baby-friendly hospital and breastfeeding duration. The results of logistic regression analysis showed that delivery in baby-friendly hospital had a significant association with breastfeeding duration of 6 months and more (p=0.023). Maternal age (p=0.873), marital status (p=0.628), maternal education level (p=0.228), maternal employment (p=0.949), self-perceived financial status (p=0.189), maternal health during pregnancy (p=0.874) were not significantly associated with breastfeeding duration of 6 months and more. These results support the importance of the hospital environment and health provider practices in breastfeeding promotion.
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Pittner, Karin, and Mohamed Beaizak. "Paare und Familien in der Anzeigenwerbung – eine interkulturelle Studie." Lebende Sprachen 58, no. 1 (January 2013): 1–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/les-2013-0001.
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AbstractWhereas the representation of women in advertisements has been intensively described and also the representation of men has found some attention during the last decade, couples and families have attracted less interest so far.The influential study by Goffman (1981) serves as a reference point in order to find out whether the representation of men and women has changed in the last decades in advertising in Western culture. It turns out that couples and families are often portrayed in a traditional way, but also the emancipation of women from their traditional role as mothers and housewives is reflected in German advertising.It becomes evident by a comparison with advertisements from journals in Arabic countries, that the representation of the sexes, of couples and families is subject to expectations and norms that are specific to the different cultures. Arabian advertising exhibits a broad range in that it may be completely standardized according to Western norms or is adapted in various degrees to the cultural norms of Arabic countries and Islamic values. While there is a smaller percentage of representations of couples in Arabic advertising, couples are more often portrayed together with children. This shows a close relationship between marriage and parenthood and the higher value of children in Arabic countries. Naked body parts and allusions to sexual relationships occur less often than in German advertising and also a lying body position is avoided. The higher social status of men is reflected in their position in the advertisements. In contrast to German advertising, women are more often represented in their traditional role as housewives and mothers.
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Arora, Amit, Louise Chew, Kaye Kang, Lily Tang, Mohamed Estai, Jack Thepsourinthone, Navira Chandio, et al. "Diet, Nutrition, and Oral Health: What Influences Mother’s Decisions on What to Feed Their Young Children?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 15 (August 2, 2021): 8159. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18158159.
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The purpose of this study was to learn about mothers’ experiences with food choices for their pre-school children in underprivileged communities in Greater Western Sydney (GWS). A total of 20 mother-child dyads living in GWS were recruited to a qualitative study from an ongoing birth cohort study. Participants’ houses were visited for semi-structured interviews, which were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed thematically. The interviews yielded five main themes: (i) food choices, nutrition, and health; (ii) accessibility and availability of foods (iii) buying time for parents; (iv) child’s age and their preference on food choices; (v) conditioning certain behaviours by family and cultural factors. Nutrition literacy, child’s preferences, unhealthy food intake by family members, child’s demand, advertising and availability of harmful foods, and time constraints were all mentioned as hurdles to mothers making appropriate meal choices for their children. However, some identified facilitators were promoting parents’ knowledge, increasing access to health educational materials, upskilling mothers to providing healthier alternatives, regulating the marketing of unhealth foods. Although, the present study identified critical factors that influence mothers’ food choices for their young children, making healthy food choices is a complex practice as it is shaped by individual, social and environmental influences.
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Hartati, Irma. "PENGARUH IKLAN OBAT BATUK DI TELEVISI TERHADAP PERILAKU SWAMEDIKASI PADA IBU YANG MEMPUNYAI BALITA." Jurnal Maternitas Kebidanan 7, no. 1 (April 25, 2022): 113–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.34012/jumkep.v7i1.2576.
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Self-medication behavior is strongly influenced by drug-related information from various factors, including education, place of residence, cost, age, occupation, length of illness and one of them is advertising. Television advertising is more effective in visualizing an advertised product. Advertising on a television show is one form of promotion. This study aims to determine the effect of cough medicine advertisements on television on self-medication behavior in mothers who have toddlers. The design in this study is an analytic cross sectional. The population in this study were all mothers who had toddlers in Seunumbok Lapang Village, Peureulak Timur District, East Aceh Regency. The number of samples was 69 respondents using the Proportional Stratified Random Sampling technique. Data collection was done by interview and data analysis was done by univariate method. The results of the study on 69 respondents, the majority knew about cough medicine advertisements on television as many as 41 respondents (59.4%), the majority did not do self-medication as many as 36 respondents (52.2%). There is a relationship between cough medicine advertisements on television and self-medication behavior in mothers who have toddlers with a p-value of 0.000 (p <0.05). The conclusion of this study was that the majority of 69 respondents knew about cough medicine advertisements on television as many as 41 respondents (59.4%), the majority did not self- medicate as many as 36 respondents (52.2%). There is a relationship between cough medicine advertisements on television and self-medication behavior in mothers who have toddlers with a p-value of 0.000 (p <0.05). It is recommended to Saint Cut Nyak Dhien University students to be able to provide knowledge to the public about the use of cough medicine so that there are no mistakes in giving cough medicine to children. Adding references regarding self-medication behavior for further researchers so that they can conduct research with different analyzes.
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Pratiwi, Bintang Agustina, Riska Yanuarti, and Wulan Angraini. "FACTORS OF FAILURE EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING IN BENGKULU CITY." Avicenna: Jurnal Ilmiah 15, no. 2 (September 3, 2020): 147–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.36085/avicenna.v15i2.989.
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Bengkulu Province is in the fifth lowest position in achieving exclusive breastfeeding nationally. There was a decrease in the achievement of exclusive breastfeeding in Bengkulu Province by 6.7% from 2016-2017. The low achievement of exclusive breastfeeding will have an impact on the health status of babies and children in the future. This study aims to analyze the causes of failure of exclusive breastfeeding in the city of Bengkulu.This type of research is a quantitative method, the research was conducted at two health centers, namely the Betungan Health Center (Success) and the Community Health Center (Failure). The selection of puskesmas is based on data obtained from the Bengkulu City Health Office. The sample selection used purposive sampling, with a minimum sample size of 124 breastfeeding mothers. The data were analyzed by Univariate, Bivariate (Chi Square) and Multivariate (Multiple Logistic Regression).Mothers who do not provide exclusive breastfeeding are 79 (63.7%). There is a relationship between efforts to prepare exclusive breastfeeding, health worker support, advertisements for formula milk, support from husbands and support from mothers (parents) and exclusive breastfeeding in Bengkulu City. Advertising for formula milk is the most associated factor with exclusive breastfeeding.Information need for the nearest person and health care staff are not exposed to the mother's milk formula ads.
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French, Michael. "Modernity in British advertising: selling cocoa and chocolate in the 1930s." Journal of Historical Research in Marketing 9, no. 4 (November 20, 2017): 451–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhrm-05-2017-0015.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse the evolution of “push” marketing in the confectionery industry in Britain during the 1930s. It examines the interplay between a manufacturer and advertising agency in creating advertising for cocoa and chocolate. Design/methodology/approach A survey of the literature examines the uses of health and well-being in the design of advertising in Britain between the wars. The records of Rowntree and its main advertising agency, J Walter Thompson, are used to examine the themes and tactics used in advertising for cocoa and Aero chocolate bars during the 1930s. Findings The paper emphasises the different ways in which health and nutrition was used in advertising for the two products. The campaigns of the 1930s built on earlier use of these themes. J Walter Thompson looked for ways of presenting commodities as “new and improved” and their role extended into pressing for changes to production methods and the nature of products. Themes of modernity, sexuality and lifestyles all featured, confirming conclusions of earlier studies. However, targeting of mothers and of different age and gender groups indicated that market segmentation was used extensively via print media and tailored advertising messages. Originality/value Although Cadbury, Rowntree and confectionery have been studied in depth before, this paper emphasises their role in applying new advertising ideas to everyday items. It points to the influence of advertising on the mass of consumers compared to the middle- and upper-income groups targeted in the marketing of houses, motor-cars and new consumer durables.
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Sari, Fatimah, and Evy Ernawati. "Hubungan Sikap Ibu Tentang Pemberian Makanan Bayi Dan Anak (PMBA) Dengan Status Gizi Bayi Bawah Dua Tahun (Baduta)." Journal of Health 5, no. 2 (July 31, 2018): 77–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.30590/vol5-no2-p77-80.
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Background: The growth and development in infants is very rapidly. The growth and development can be realized optimally when on the gold period, babies obtain the appropriate nutritional intake of Breast Milk is recommended as one of the exclusive source of nutrition in the first 6 months. Nutrition deficiency is suspected due to a lack of understanding of parents or proper nutritious food to the influence of advertising. They want to break the cycle of malnutrition that causes children short.
Objective: This research aims to know the relationship of attitude about the feeding of infants and children (PMBA) with the nutritional status of infants under two years (BADUTA).
Method: This type of research is descriptive analytic with cross-sectional approach. Research subjects who had a Mother Baduta in the village of Pandes Wedi Klaten Regency in Central Java. The way of determining the sample by the total sampling techniques. Instrument research using questionnaires conducted test validity and reabilitas. Analysis of data for the purpose of hypothesis testing using statistical tests Spearman Rho.
Results: the attitude of Mothers in feeding on baduta with the results of positive mothers attitude that is as much as 100%. Baduta good nutritional status i.e. as many as 20 people (66.67%), nutritional Status of less baduta that is as much as 10 (33.33%). The results obtained bivariat relationship attitude mother with nutritional Status Baduta the value of p = 0,062 because > 0.05 p (p = 0,062 > 0.05) then it can be stated there was no relationship between maternal attitudes towards nutritional status of infants under two years of age.
Conclusion: there is no relationship with the mother's nutritional status attitude baduta with a value of p = 0,062
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Wright, Patricia Moyle, Diane M. Shea, and Robin Gallagher. "From Seed to Tree: Developing Community Support for Perinatally Bereaved Mothers." Journal of Perinatal Education 23, no. 3 (2014): 151–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1058-1243.23.3.151.
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Despite burgeoning evidence on the positive effects of perinatal loss support groups, some communities still lack such services. Those wishing to begin a support group may find the task daunting, especially if there is little support for their efforts. In this article, the authors discuss the development of a pregnancy loss support group, which included a community assessment, launching a pilot program, and providing training for facilitators. Other practical considerations will also be reviewed, such as finding a location for the group and securing funding for advertising.
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Lukowski, Alison A. "#ThisMama: Serena Williams Amplifying the Perils of Black Motherhood." Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Philologia 67, no. 4 (December 20, 2022): 125–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbphilo.2022.4.06.
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"#THISMAMA: Serena Williams Amplifying the Perils of Black Motherhood. In 2020, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) found that Black women are over 200 percent more likely to die from childbirth-related causes than white women (Hoyert 2020). Routinely, Black women describe attending obstetricians and delivery room staff who ignore the mother’s knowledge about her own body. In 2017, tennis champion Serena Williams experienced similar discriminatory practices when she nearly perished giving birth to her daughter, Olympia. Motivated to end racial prejudice in the medical treatment of pregnancy, Williams publicized her delivery-story and used Twitter to share her struggle as a new mother. This article examines how Williams uses maternal rhetoric on Twitter to build a community of women who resist dominant discourses about medicine and motherhood. Centered on Williams's tweologism (new hashtag) #ThisMama, Alison Lukowski builds on research on digital maternal rhetoric scholarship (Joutseno 2018; Lukowski & Sparby 2016; Owens 2015, 2010; Friedman 2013; Harp & Tremayne 2006). While Williams’s advocacy for Black mothers is a form of feminist mothering, her application of #ThisMama on Twitter demonstrates the tensions between authority, advertising, and advocacy. Keywords: maternal rhetoric, digital rhetoric, Twitter, motherhood, race, Serena Williams, social media "
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Girma, Desalegn, Zinie Abita, Alemnew Wale, and Gossa Fetene. "Determinants of oral rehydration salt utilization among under-five children with diarrhea in Ethiopia: A multilevel mixed-effect analysis." SAGE Open Medicine 10 (January 2022): 205031212210747. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20503121221074781.
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Background: Oral rehydration salt therapy is a critical intervention to reduce mortality and morbidity of children with diarrheal diseases. However, it remains underused in low- and middle-income countries. In Ethiopia, only less than half of children with diarrheal diseases were treated with oral rehydration salt solution. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify the determinants of oral rehydration salt utilization among children with diarrhea in Ethiopia. Method: A secondary data analysis was done using the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey. A weighted sample of 1227 children who had diarrhea in the last 2 weeks with their index mothers during the 5 years survey was included in the study. A multilevel mixed logistic regression model was fitted to identify factors associated with oral rehydration salt utilization. Finally, statistical significance was declared at p-value < 0.05. Result: The overall prevalence of oral rehydration salt utilization for children with diarrhea was 29.5%. In this study, age of mother ⩾35 (adjusted odds ratio = 1.66, 95% confidence interval = 1.05, 2.64), mothers with formal education (adjusted odds ratio = 1.52, 95% confidence interval = 1.09, 2.11), media exposure (adjusted odds ratio = 1.72, 95% confidence interval = 1.25, 2.38), living in Metropolitan regions (Addis Ababa and Dire Dawa (adjusted odds ratio = 1.76, 95% confidence interval = 1.14, 2.69)), and small peripheral regions (Afar, Gambela, Somalia, Benishangul-Gumuz (adjusted odds ratio = 1.69, 95% confidence interval = 1.22, 2.34)) were associated with higher odd of oral rehydration salt utilization for children with diarrhea. Conclusion: The study concludes that the age of mothers, educational status of the mother, media exposure, and regions of mothers were determinants of oral rehydration salt utilization for children with diarrhea. Therefore, media advertising regarding diarrhea management should be scaled up to increase oral rehydration salt utilization for children with diarrhea. Special attention to socio-cultural constraints or beliefs regarding diarrhea management should be given to mothers from large to center (Tigray, Amhara, Oromia, Southern Nations Nationalities, and People’s Region, and Harari) regions.
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Kashif, Muhammad, Mubashir Ayyaz, and Sara Basharat. "TV food advertising aimed at children: qualitative study of Pakistani fathers’ views." Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics 26, no. 4 (September 2, 2014): 647–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/apjml-04-2014-0063.
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Purpose – There is plethora of advertising research that has highlighted the mothers’ perspective to TV food advertising. However, the fathers’ perspective on children food advertising in societies that score high on masculinity is important but absent from literature. The purpose of this paper is to present opinions of respondents as fathers, concerning the impact of TV food advertisements on children buying and consumption habits. Design/methodology/approach – The qualitative data through semi-structured interviews has been collected from 32 males having at least one child between the ages of seven and 14 years. The respondents were purposefully selected from a private sector university located in the province of Punjab, Pakistan. The collected data have been analysed through thematic analysis. Findings – Thematic analysis revealed six themes; quantity of ads, negative impact of TV food ads, changing buying patterns, positive/productive impact on children, father's perceptions of TV advertising, and advertising changes to be incorporated. The findings have some social, cultural, and managerial implications for core advertising stakeholders. Practical implications – This study is useful for marketing managers whose job is to persuade children and their families into buying their products. They can benefit from the findings of this study to customize the brand communication strategies as per the expectations of respondents as fathers. Furthermore, the study proposes useful insights that will help in devising consumer-led advertising policies in Pakistan. Originality/value – The gender role of males while influencing family decision making with regards to food products marketing has been a new area of research. The study is pioneer in the field of consumer socialization in that it focuses upon the fathers’ perspective on TV advertising to children.
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Suryani, Suryani, Yusran Fauzi, and Popyta Sari. "FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PEMBERIAN SUSU FORMULA PADA BAYI USIA 0-6 BULAN DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS JEMBATAN KECIL KOTA BENGKULU." Jurnal Sains Kesehatan 24, no. 2 (August 20, 2017): 69–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.37638/jsk.24.2.69-79.
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Factors Associated with Formula Milk Feeding in Baby Age 0-6 Months in Working Area Jembatan Kecil Public Health Center BengkuluABSTRAKSusu formula adalah susu yang dibuat dari susu sapi atau susu buatan yang diubah komposisinya hingga dapat dipakai sebagai pengganti air susu ibu (ASI). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk mempelajari faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pemberian susu formula pada bayi usia 0-6 bulan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Jembatan Kecil Kota Bengkulu. Penelitian ini adalah survey analitik dengan menggunakan desain Cross Sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu yang mempunyai bayi usia 6-12 bulan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Jembatan Kecil Kota Bengkulu. Teknik pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan Proposional Random Sampling dan diperoleh sampel sebanyak 68 orang ibu bayi. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian menggunakan data primer dan sekunder.Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis univariat dan bivariat dengan uji statistik Chi-Square (c²) melalui program SPSS. Hasil penelitian didapatkan: dari 68 ibu, terdapat 40 ibu (58,8%) melakukan pemberian susu formula, 31 ibu (45,6%) berpengetahuan cukup, 50 ibu (73,5%) mengatakan petugas kesehatan menyarankan pemberian susu formula, dan 34 ibu (50,0%) tidak terpapar. Penelitian ini menunjukkan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan ibu, petugas kesehatan dan iklan susu formula dengan pemberian susu formula pada bayi usia 0-6 bulan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Jembatan Kecil Kota Bengkulu. Disarankan kepada petugas kesehatan untuk dapat melakukan penyuluhan kepada ibu hamil dan ibu nifas tentang peranan penting ASI eksklusif bagi bayi, ibu, keluarga, masyarakat dan negara sehingga program pemberian ASI eksklusif di Kota Bengkulu dapat berjalan sesuai harapan.Kata Kunci : bayi, iklan, pengetahuan, pemberian susu formula, petugas,ABSTRACTMilk formula is milk made from cow's milk or artificial milk that changed its composition to be used as a substitute for breast milk (breast milk). This study aimed to study factors related to formula milk feeding in infants aged 0-6 months in working area of Jembatan Kecil Public Health Center Bengkulu. This research was an Analytical Survey and used Cross Sectional design. The population in this study were all mothers with babies 6-12 months old in working area of Jembatan Kecil Public Health Center Bengkulu. Sampling technique in this research used Random Sampling Proposal and obtained samples of 68 baby mothers. Data collection in research used primary and secondary data. Data analysis technique was done by univariate and bivariate analysis with Chi-Square statistical test (c²) through SPSS program. The result of this study was : from 68 respondents there were 40 mothers (58.8%) did formula milk feeding, 31 mothers (45.6%) had enough knowledge, 50 mothers (73.5%) said health workers recommended formula milk feeding, and 34 mothers (50.0%) were not exposed with formula milk advertising. This study showed that there was a significant relationship between maternal knowledge, health officer, and formula milk advertising with infant formula feeding in working area of Jembatan Kecil Public Health Center Bengkulu. It was advisable to health workers to be able to counsel pregnant and postpartum women about the important role of exclusive breastfeeding for babies, mothers, families, communities and countries so that exclusive breastfeeding program in Bengkulu could run as expected. Keywords : advertising, formula milk feeding, health officer, infants, knowledge
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Ustilaitė, Stasė, Alina Petrauskienė, and Jūratė Česnavičienė. "Self-Assessment and Expectations of Mothers’ Communication With Adolescents on Sexuality Issues." Pedagogika 140, no. 4 (January 31, 2021): 116–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.15823/p.2020.140.7.
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This article reviews survey data obtained through anonymous questionnaires of 779 mothers on the website apklausa.lt. on their perceptions, emotional well-being, and expectations of communication with adolescents on sexuality issues. The majority of the survey participants think that they can talk openly with their daughters and sons on various topics of sexuality(about emotional changes in adolescence, friendship and love to a person of a different gender, violence, abuse recognition and help, family importance to the individual and society, gender equality, equality of roles of men and women, etc.). Mothers, who have higher education degrees, are more likely to interact with their children about sexual orientation and gender stereotypes created by the media, mass culture, and advertising regarding body appearance and their impact on a person’s self-perception. The survey results showed that almost all mothers who participated in the survey (93.6%) perceived conversations with their children on sexuality / sexual relations topics as their responsibility i.e. associated with responsible motherhood, but 64.1% of mothers indicated that they felt uncomfortable, 51.8% of them felt disturbed and 65.9% – ashamed. Mothers hope that interviews with adolescents can help protect adolescents from risky sexual behaviour (63.4% of mothers expect that their daughter / son will not have sex in adolescence; 76.6% expect that adolescents are less likely to become pregnant and 72.5% mothers note that the child will be more resistant to peer pressure to have sex).
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Dillman Carpentier, Francesca R., Teresa Correa, Marcela Reyes, and Lindsey Smith Taillie. "Evaluating the impact of Chile’s marketing regulation of unhealthy foods and beverages: pre-school and adolescent children’s changes in exposure to food advertising on television." Public Health Nutrition 23, no. 4 (December 11, 2019): 747–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980019003355.
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AbstractObjective:To evaluate the effects of Chile’s 2016 regulation restricting child-directed marketing of products high in energy, saturated fats, sodium and sugars on reducing children’s exposure to ‘high-in’ television food advertising.Design:Television use by pre-schoolers and adolescents was assessed via surveys in the months prior to implementation and a year after implementation. Hours and channels of television use were linked with the amount of high-in food advertising observed in corresponding content analyses of food advertisements (ads) from popular broadcast and cable channels to estimate changes in exposure to food ads from these channels.Setting:Middle-lower and lower-income neighbourhoods in Santiago, Chile.Participants:Pre-schoolers (n 879; mothers reporting) and adolescents (n 753; self-reporting).Results:Pre-schoolers’ and adolescents’ exposure to high-in food advertising in total decreased significantly by an average of 44 and 58 %, respectively. Exposure to high-in food advertising with child-directed appeals, such as cartoon characters, decreased by 35 and 52 % for pre-schoolers and adolescents, respectively. Decreases were more pronounced for children who viewed more television. Products high in sugars were the most prevalent among the high-in ads seen by children after implementation.Conclusions:Following Chile’s 2016 child-directed marketing regulation, children’s exposure to high-in food advertising on popular broadcast and cable television decreased significantly but was not eliminated from their viewing. Later stages of the regulation are expected to eliminate the majority of children’s exposure to high-in food advertising from television.
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Frazer, Eric J. "TheChatterboxannual 1900-1930: an advertising backwater?" Journal of Historical Research in Marketing 11, no. 2 (May 20, 2019): 181–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhrm-10-2017-0064.
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PurposeTo assess changes in advertising the British children’s annual,Chatterbox, over the first three decades of the twentieth century.Design/methodology/approachThe products/firms involved were identified and the advertisements classified into product groups. The advertising content was examined in terms of the intended audience and the five longest-running advertisements were analysed to gauge trends at the single-product level. Attention was also given to long-term changes at the product-group level, the effects of the Great War and the roles of the publisher, editor and advertisers.FindingsIn total, 457 advertisements were documented over 1900-1930 representing about 80 different products/firms. They were classified into 10 distinctive groupings with Food Ingredients, at almost 26 per cent of the total, being the most abundant. Overwhelmingly, the advertisements were directed at middle-class women/mothers (∼75 per cent of the total), then children (∼15 per cent) with men/fathers essentially being ignored. The five longest-running advertisements (over 25 per cent of the total) showed little evidence of change but there were significant trends at the product-group level, in marketing to children and in average advertisement size, particularly during the last two decades of the study period, partially reflecting gradual social and technological changes.Originality/valueComprehensive quantitative analysis of advertising in children’s magazine literature over several decades is problematic because of the difficulty in accessing sufficient source material. The present study is exhaustive and establishes a reference point for the assessment of advertising in similar publications in the post-Victorian era.
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Kowalczyk, Christine M., and Marla B. Royne. "Exploring the influence of mothers’ attitudes toward advertising on children's consumption of screen media." International Journal of Consumer Studies 40, no. 5 (August 18, 2016): 610–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.12306.
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Odellia, Jessica, and Deborah Nauli Simorangkir. "THE INDONESIAN IBUISM IDEOLOGY AND GENDER PORTRAYAL: THE CASE OF THE 2015 RINSO ANTI-NODA TV COMMERCIAL." Emerging Markets : Business and Management Studies Journal 5, no. 2 (February 2, 2019): 35–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.33555/ijembm.v5i2.94.
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In order to efficiently reach its targeted market, advertisers often package their messages in a manner so as to be easily understood. These massages often contain subliminal meanings using stereotypes. Based on Erving Goffman’s work on gendered advertisement, this research analyzes the Rinso Anti Noda television commercial. Therefore, this research seeks to answer the following question: How is gender represented in the 2015 Rinso Anti Noda television commercial titled “Belajar Untuk Makan Sendiri” (Learning to eat by oneself)?. Based on the first author’s research thesis under the supervision of the second author, involving a semiotic analysis on the Rinso Anti Noda TV commercial, complemented by In-depth interviews with a number of Indonesian mothers, data were then analyzed using the Goffman’s gendered advertisement and Indonesia’s Ibuism ideology perspectives. Results show that the role of a women in the advertising is as a mother and her place is in the domestic realm.
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Wolf, Jacqueline H. "“They Lacked the Right Food”: A Brief History of Breastfeeding and the Quest for Social Justice." Journal of Human Lactation 34, no. 2 (March 15, 2018): 226–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0890334418757449.
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In the late 19th-century United States and Europe, infants died at high rates from diarrhea. Physicians and social justice advocates responded to the public health crisis with attempts to clean up the water and cows’ milk supplies, as well as social welfare legislation and assorted educational efforts to help mothers better care for their children. Most visible among the educational efforts were breastfeeding campaigns. A century later in developing countries, physicians and activists were confronted with a similar problem—infants dying from diarrhea due to the unethical advertising and marketing practices of formula companies. I argue in this article that crusades for social justice at the most basic level—to ensure that children will live to adulthood—have long been connected with efforts to safeguard mothers’ ability to adequately breastfeed their children.
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Martin, Craig A., and Alan J. Bush. "Do role models influence teenagers’ purchase intentions and behavior?" Journal of Consumer Marketing 17, no. 5 (September 1, 2000): 441–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/07363760010341081.
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Attempts to determine which individual, or group of individuals, has the strongest influence on adolescent consumer purchase intentions and purchase behavior. By introducing the concepts of direct (fathers and mothers) and vicarious (favorite entertainers and favorite athletes) role models into the consumer behavior literature, the study allows greater understanding of the socialization patterns of young adult consumers. Results from this study provide significant contributions for marketing and advertising managers seeking to improve their understanding of the ever‐growing adolescent consumer market.
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Sanghvi, Tina G., Rick Homan, Thomas Forissier, Patricia Preware, Auwalu Kawu, Tuan T. Nguyen, and Roger Mathisen. "The Financial Costs of Mass Media Interventions Used for Improving Breastfeeding Practices in Bangladesh, Burkina Faso, Nigeria, and Vietnam." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 24 (December 16, 2022): 16923. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416923.
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Breastfeeding is essential for child survival but globally less than fifty percent of infants receive adequate breastfeeding. Gaps in breastfeeding knowledge and misinformation are widespread. Mass media aims to motivate mothers and families, encourage care-seeking, improve social norms, and counteract misleading advertising. However, the costs and coverage of mass media are not well documented. Our study provides a cost-accounting of four large-scale mass media interventions and coverage obtained through mass media. We retrospectively calculated annual costs and costs per beneficiary of mass media interventions based on expenditure records in four countries. The interventions were a part of multi-component breastfeeding strategies in Bangladesh, Burkina Faso, Nigeria, and Vietnam. Annual costs ranged from 566,366 USD in Nigeria to 1,210,286 USD in Vietnam. The number of mothers of children under two years and pregnant women ranged from 685,257 to 5,566,882, and all designated recipients reached during the life of programs ranged from 1,439,040 to 11,690,453 in Burkina Faso and Bangladesh, respectively. The cost per mother varied from USD 0.13 USD in Bangladesh to 0.85 USD in Burkina Faso. Evaluations showed that mass media interventions reached high coverage and frequent exposure. This analysis documents the financial costs and budgetary needs for implementing mass media components of large-scale breastfeeding programs. It provides annual costs, cost structures, and coverage achieved through mass media interventions in four low- and middle-income countries.
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Juwita, Zeva, Samsidar Sitorus, and Rina Hanum. "Factors Related to Giving MPASI in Babies Aged 0-6 Months in the Region Mongeudong Health Center Work Sub-District Banda Sakti Lhokseumawe." Journal La Medihealtico 1, no. 5 (October 13, 2020): 40–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.37899/journallamedihealtico.v1i5.151.
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There are a number of factors that are thought to be related to the behavior of giving complementary foods such as predisposing factors, supporting factors and driving factors. This study aims to analyze the factors associated with giving complementary foods to infants aged 0-6 months. This type of research is survey research with quantitative and qualitative approaches (Mixed Methods). The research was conducted in the working area of Puskesmas Mongeudong, Banda Sakti District, Lhokseumawe City. Population of 266 people and sample of 160 people. The research informants were 6 people. Quantitative data analysis was univariate, bivariate with the Chi-Square test, and multivariate with multiple logistic regression tests at the 95% confidence level ( = 0.05). The results showed that the factors associated with giving complementary foods to infants aged 0-6 months in the Mongeudong Community Health Center were work (p = 0.016), culture (p = 0.000), infant condition (p = 0.028), and family support (p. = 0.002). Meanwhile, the unrelated factors were education (p = 0.092), knowledge (p = 0.070), maternal condition (p = 0.060), advertising exposure (p = 0.589). The most dominant factor associated with giving complementary foods to infants aged 0-6 months is culture. Mothers who follow culture have the opportunity to provide complementary foods 91.63 times higher than mothers who do not follow the culture. The culture that is still practiced today is peucicap. Another culture is that the mother gives the baby starch water, salt water mixed with sugar (ie sira), scraped bananas, and banana rice at the age of less than 6 months. The habits of the Acehnese people in the care of mothers and babies are usually carried out by their grandmothers who are still healthy.
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Brinson, Nancy H., and Steven Holiday. "Understanding the influence of perceived susceptibility to addressable TV advertising targeting children on parents’ purchase intentions." Young Consumers 22, no. 2 (April 11, 2021): 219–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/yc-09-2020-1209.
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Purpose Addressable television is an interactive medium that blends online data personalization with traditional TV content to better address individual consumers and improve advertising outcomes. Drawing on the persuasion knowledge model (PKM) and the influence of presumed influence (IPI), this paper aims to examine parents’ beliefs about the nature and persuasive intent of addressable TV advertising targeting their children, and the intervening influence those beliefs have on the parents’ intentions to purchase the advertised products. Design/methodology/approach The study used an online survey design to examine the influence that addressable TV ads targeting children have on parents’ consumer behaviors. In total, 196 parents of children aged 3 to 12 completed the study. The majority of respondents had one (23%) or two (40.3%) children were primarily in two-parent (73.5%) or one-parent households (21.9%), and 79.6% indicated that they were mothers. Respondents were 23 to 41 years old (M = 37, SD = 8.03); dominantly Caucasian (77.5%; 16.8% African American); had an education of less than a college degree (65.3%); and a median household income of $50,000–$75,000 (73.5%). Findings Findings from this study indicate beliefs that a TV ad personally addressing their children positively influence parents’ purchase intentions, and this influence is partially mediated by perceptions of children’s susceptibility to the ad and perceptions of the likelihood of children’s purchase requests. Beliefs in children’s susceptibility to an ad’s addressability alternatively negatively mediates parents’ purchase intentions when not sequentially mediated by beliefs in the likelihood of children’s purchase requests. Originality/value Currently, there is little published research related to parents’ perceptions about the effects of personalized advertising targeting their children in general, and none that consider addressable TV advertising or the indirect influence this targeted advertising has on parents. Thus, this study provides important insights for scholars interested in theoretical implications related to addressable TV advertising, as well as practitioners seeking to enhance addressable TV advertising outcomes.
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Siswati, Endah. "Women’s attitude towards representation of women domestication in advertisement." Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik 32, no. 1 (April 1, 2019): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/mkp.v32i12019.80-94.
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The persuasive strategies in advertising often use gender-biased signs or languages, which represent women’s subordination and domestication. On the other hand, the construction and development of individual gender concepts begin in childhood through the parents, peer groups, schools and mass media socialisation, including advertisements. Thus, how women, who act as wives and mothers, view and respond to female domestication will influence how they socialise gender concepts towards their children. This study examines how the mother of the student at Laboratory Primary School, Malang, view and address the representation of female domestication advertisements in Nova and Nyata tabloids. This qualitative research was conducted in Malang City and using self-researcher as the primary research instrument. Data was collected through Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and interview; then the data were analysed by qualitative analysis method of Miles & Huberman. This study found that the subjects viewed the tendency of using female models in advertising is reasonable and not a problem as long as fulfil specific criteria. The representation of women’s domestication in the domestic sector in the advertisement is also considered reasonable because the representation is the nature of women and self-reflection of women themselves. However, the subjects disagree if the description of women is only as mother who were responsible for household chores. In addition, about the representation of women’s domestication in the public sector in advertisements, the subjects stated that they agree if the ads depict the success of men in the public, however, the ads should also describe the involvement and success of women in the public sector and not only describe women as servants.
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Handayani, Wiwik, Sri Muljaningsih, and Helmina Ardyanfitri. "Online Marketing Supports Promotion And Advertising Sales In Communities Dolly Localization." SPIRIT OF SOCIETY JOURNAL 2, no. 1 (September 24, 2018): 75–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.29138/scj.v2i1.728.
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Dolly Society still does not yet have online marketing knowledge, which can help market products that have been produced. Online marketing is one way to market SMEs to increase sales. Nowadays technology is progressing so that almost every marketing activity can be helped by using the internet. Promotions and advertising activities can also be done online so that they are more efficient. In the past, buying must meet the seller, so now you don't have to meet the seller. Can be admitted at home like the sale of other online products. For this reason, in community service, it provides broader and more varied marketing knowledge. Online marketing training was attended by mothers who had previously received training in making catfish-based products. So that after being able to make it can also sell.
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Laczniak, Russell N., Les Carlson, and Ann Walsh. "Antecedents of Mothers' Attitudes toward the FTC's Rule for 900-Number Advertising Directed at Children." Journal of Current Issues & Research in Advertising 21, no. 2 (September 1999): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10641734.1999.10505094.
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Pavlova, Neli, Megan Teychenne, and Ellinor K. Olander. "The Concurrent Acceptability of a Postnatal Walking Group: A Qualitative Study Using the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 14 (July 13, 2020): 5027. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17145027.
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Walking groups are often enjoyed by postnatal women, but little is known about what makes them an acceptable activity to this group. This study aimed to investigate the acceptability of a postnatal walking group using the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability (TFA). Seventeen postnatal women took part in a walk-along interview during a walking group session. Semi-structured interviews were based on the TFA and findings were analysed deductively onto the seven TFA components. Overall, the walking group was found to be acceptable. Benefits included meeting other mothers and walking in an accessible and convenient location. Women understood the group aim of supporting new mothers and thought it achieved this aim. Most women reported that attending the group was little effort, although for some the timing did not fit well with their baby’s schedule. Participants stated that meeting other mothers and being physically active aligned with their value system. In conclusion, the acceptability of the walking group was found to be multifaceted, of which enjoyment was one part. These findings can be used when advertising other walking groups or physical activities for the postnatal population.
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Wills, Jeanie, and Krystl Raven. "The founding five: transformational leadership in the New York League of Advertising Women’s club, 1912–1926." Journal of Historical Research in Marketing 12, no. 3 (May 20, 2020): 377–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhrm-04-2019-0015.
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Purpose This paper uses archival documents to begin to recover a history of women’s leadership in the advertising industry. In particular, this paper aims to identify the leadership styles of the first five presidents of the New York League of Advertising Women’s (NYLAW) club. Their leadership from 1912 to 1926 set the course for and influenced the culture of the New York League. These five women laid the foundations of a social club that would also contribute to the professionalization of women in advertising, building industry networks for women, forging leadership and mentorship links among women, providing advertising education exclusively for women and, finally, bolstering women’s status in all avenues of advertising. The first five presidents were, of course, different characters, but each exhibited the traits associated with “transformational leaders,” leaders who prepare the “demos” for their own leadership roles. The women’s styles converged with their situational context to give birth to a women’s advertising club that, like most clubs, did charity work and hosted social events, but which was developed by the first five presidents to give women the same kinds of professional opportunities as the advertising men’s clubs provided their membership. The first five presidents of the Advertising League had strong prior professional credibility because of the careers they had constructed for themselves among the men who dominated the advertising field in the first decade of the 20th century. As presidents of the NYLAW, they advocated for better jobs, equal rights at work and better pay for women working in the advertising industry. Design/methodology/approach This paper draws on women’s advertising archival material from the Schlesinger Library, Radcliffe and Wisconsin Historical Society to argue that the five founding mothers of the NYLAW provided what can best be described as transformational feminist leadership, which resulted in building an effective club for their members and setting it on a trajectory of advocacy and education that would benefit women in the advertising industry for the next several decades. These women did not refer to themselves as “leaders,” they probably would not have considered their work in organizing the New York club an exercise in leadership, nor might they have called themselves feminists or seen their club as a haven for feminist work. However, by using modern leadership theories, the study can gain insight into how these women instantiated feminist ideals through a transformational leadership paradigm. Thus, the historical documents provide insight into the leadership roles and styles of some of the first women working in American advertising in the early parts of the 20th century. Findings Archival documents from the women’s advertising clubs can help us to understand women’s leadership practices and to reconstruct a history of women’s leadership in the advertising industry. Eight years before women in America could vote, the first five presidents shared with the club their wealth of collective experience – over two decades worth – as advertising managers, copywriters and space buyers. The first league presidents oversaw the growth of an organization would benefit both women and the advertising industry when they proclaimed that the women’s clubs would “improve the level of taste, ethics and knowledge throughout the communications industry by example, education and dissemination of information” (Dignam, 1952, p. 9). In addition, the club structure gave ad-women a collective voice which emerged through its members’ participation in building the club and through the rallying efforts of transformational leaders. Social implications Historically, the advertising industry in the USA has been “pioneered” by male industry leaders such as Claude Hopkins, Albert Lasker and David Ogilvy. However, when the authors look to archival documents, it was found that women have played leadership roles in the industry too. Drawing on historical methodology, this study reconstructs a history of women’s leadership in the advertising and marketing industries. Originality/value This paper helps to understand how women participated in leadership roles in the advertising industry, which, in turn, enabled other women to build careers in the industry.
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Hamel, Jennifer A., and Reginald B. Cocroft. "Negative feedback from maternal signals reduces false alarms by collectively signalling offspring." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 279, no. 1743 (July 11, 2012): 3820–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2012.1181.
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Within animal groups, individuals can learn of a predator's approach by attending to the behaviour of others. This use of social information increases an individual's perceptual range, but can also lead to the propagation of false alarms. Error copying is especially likely in species that signal collectively, because the coordination required for collective displays relies heavily on social information. Recent evidence suggests that collective behaviour in animals is, in part, regulated by negative feedback. Negative feedback may reduce false alarms by collectively signalling animals, but this possibility has not yet been tested. We tested the hypothesis that negative feedback increases the accuracy of collective signalling by reducing the production of false alarms. In the treehopper Umbonia crassicornis , clustered offspring produce collective signals during predator attacks, advertising the predator's location to the defending mother. Mothers signal after evicting the predator, and we show that this maternal communication reduces false alarms by offspring. We suggest that maternal signals elevate offspring signalling thresholds. This is, to our knowledge, the first study to show that negative feedback can reduce false alarms by collectively behaving groups.
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Burke, Richard R., Bryan P. Weichelt, and Kang Namkoong. "Facebook Ads Manager as a Recruitment Tool for a Health and Safety Survey of Farm Mothers: Pilot Study." JMIR Formative Research 5, no. 4 (April 7, 2021): e19022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/19022.
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Background Social media platforms have experienced unprecedented levels of growth and usage over the past decade, with Facebook hosting 2.7 billion active users worldwide, including over 200 million users in the United States. Facebook users have been underutilized and understudied by the academic community as a resource for participant recruitment. Objective We performed a pilot study to explore the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of Facebook advertisements for the recruitment of an online agricultural health and safety survey. Methods We undertook a 1-week advertising campaign utilizing the integrated, targeted advertising platform of Facebook Ads Manager with a target-spending limit of US $294. We created and posted three advertisements depicting varying levels of agricultural safety adoption leading to a brief survey on farm demographics and safety attitudes. We targeted our advertisements toward farm mothers aged 21-50 years in the United States and determined cost-effectiveness and potential biases. No participant incentive was offered. Results We reached 40,024 users and gathered 318 advertisement clicks. Twenty-nine participants consented to the survey with 24 completions. Including personnel costs, the cost per completed survey was US $17.42. Compared to the distribution of female producers in the United States, our advertisements were unexpectedly overrepresented in the eastern United States and were underrepresented in the western United States. Conclusions Facebook Ads Manager represents a potentially cost-effective and timely method to recruit participants for online health and safety research when targeting a specific population. However, social media recruitment mirrors traditional recruitment methods in its limitations, exhibiting geographic, response, and self-selection biases that need to be addressed.
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Cone, Thomas E. "Infant Feeding Redux." Pediatrics 86, no. 3 (September 1, 1990): 473–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.86.3.473.
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Just when it appeared that conflicts about the proper way to feed infants had been resolved, the recent debate about the propriety of some commercial firms advertising on television as well as selling milk formulas directly to mothers in supermarkets has reenergized the issue of infant feeding.1 That infant formulas have reached a state where they may even be considered by some to be safe enough for feeding most infants without the advice of health care professionals demonstrates the huge leap forward in the evolution of infant formula feeding. A short historical review will help us to understand how we have reached our present knowledge of infant feeding practices.
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Sugeng, Ayu Sulistya Putri, and Juni Alfiah Chusjairi. "Digital Marketing Through Instagram Ads: A Case Study of “Instaboost Life” Instagram." International Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Creative Economy 2, no. 2 (July 30, 2022): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.31098/ijebce.v2i2.941.
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This study concerns a small medium enterprise called “ Instaboost Life”. Instaboost Life is an online shop that sells healthy products such as slimming tea, beverages for mothers who are breastfeeding, lemon beverages, and other healthy beverages that are healthy and safe for diet. Due to their high price, the products are highly likely to be consumed by middle-class people. As an online shop, the products are merely for sale online. Therefore, social media is used to promote the products, which in this case is Instagram. The aim of this research is to identify whether more advertising on Instagram raises more potential buyers and finally make a purchase decision. The data collected in this research is internal data from Instaboost Life from January-June 2021 and 5 interviews with users of Instaboost Life. After analyzing the data, the authors conclude that more budget spending plays a significant role in reaching the targeted audience and potential buyers. Furthermore, their decision to purchase order. In addition, the interviewees also confirmed that advertising played a significant role in their decision to purchase order products from Instaboost Life.
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Pinto, Mary Beth, and N. Dan Worobetz. "Note on Guilt Appeals in Advertising: Covariate Effects of Self-Esteem and Locus of Control." Psychological Reports 70, no. 1 (February 1992): 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1992.70.1.19.
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A 1991 study by Pinto and Priest demonstrated the effectiveness of advertisements employing moderate levels of guilt in inducing guilt responses in subjects. Because individuals' responses to guilt are often influenced by their specific personality characteristics, researchers have pointed to the potential moderating effects of individual difference variables such as level of self-esteem and locus of control on individuals' susceptibility to guilt appeals. A study was conducted to evaluate the possibility that self-esteem and locus of control can act as covariates across three treatment levels of guilt advertising. From a sample of 57 working mothers, advertisements stimulating medium and high levels of guilt elicited significantly greater feelings of guilt in subjects than the control advertisement stimulating low guilt. However, the relationship between susceptibility to guilt appeals and self-esteem and locus of control was not observed to covary.
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Wahida Yuliana. "PENGARUH TEKNIK MARMET SEBAGAI BENTUK PEMBERDAYAAN IBU TERHADAP PRODUKSI ASI PADA IBU POST PARTUM." Jurnal Ilmiah Kebidanan (Scientific Journal of Midwifery) 8, no. 1 (March 18, 2022): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.33023/jikeb.v8i1.829.
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Breast milk (ASI) is the single and best food that meets all the growth and development needs of babies up to 6 months of age as well as foods that are rich in nutrients and are very important for children's growth. Decrease in the amount of milk production in the first days after delivery and the low coverage of exclusive breastfeeding. Some of the things that hinder exclusive breastfeeding include insufficient milk production, working mothers, wanting to be considered modern, problems with the nipples, the effect of advertising on formula milk and the influence of other people, especially family. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the marmet technique toward milk production. This type of research is pre-experimental with a pretest and posttest design. The population in this study were 30 post partum mothers with a total sample of 17 respondents who met the inclusion criteria with the Simple Random Sampling technique. The instrument in this study used SOP (standard operating procedures) observation sheets. This research has been conducted and analyzed by paired sample t test. The results of this study indicate the effect of the marmet technique on breast milk production with p = 0.001
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Craig, R. Stephen. "Women as Home Caregivers: Gender Portrayal in OTC Drug Commercials." Journal of Drug Education 22, no. 4 (December 1992): 303–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/2nhn-nuy7-q88u-cdjh.
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Concern has long been expressed over possible adverse effects of television advertising of over-the-counter (OTC) medicines. This study investigated a sample of prime time network television ads to determine how gender portrayals differed in drug and non-drug commercials. Findings indicated that women were significantly more likely than men to appear as characters in drug ads than in ads for other products, and that they are frequently portrayed in these commercials as experts on home medical care, often as mothers caring for ill children. This supports the hypothesis that drug advertisers take advantage of stereotypical images of women as home medical caregivers. It also raises the question of whether female consumers are being encouraged by these ads to overuse OTC medications as a way of gaining the family's love and respect.
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Nuraini, Tuti, Madarina Julia, and Djaswadi Dasuki. "Sampel Susu Formula dan Praktik Pemberian Air Susu Ibu Eksklusif." Kesmas: National Public Health Journal 7, no. 12 (July 1, 2013): 551. http://dx.doi.org/10.21109/kesmas.v7i12.329.
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Cakupan pemberian air susu ibu (ASI) eksklusif di Kota Pagar Alam, tahun 2011 sekitar 43% tergolong rendah. Sebaliknya, pemberian susu formula meningkat tiga kali lipat dari 10,3% menjadi 32,5%. Iklan susu formula telah menyentuh bidan swasta dan puskesmas melalui pendekatan produsen susu formula dan pemberian susu formula secara gratis kepada ibu menyusui. Penelitian yang bertujuan mengetahui determinan kegagalan praktik pemberiaan ASI eksklusif di Kota Pagar Alam Provinsi Sumatera Selatan ini menggunakan desain studi unmatching kasus kontrol. Populasi adalah seluruh ibu yang mempunyai bayi berusia 7 _ 12 bulan. Penarikan sampel dilakukan dengan metode proportional random sampling. Variabel terikat praktik adalah pemberian ASI eksklusif, variabel bebas adalah pemberian sampel susu formula. Ibu yang mendapat sampel susu formula dan yang tidak mendapat dukungan tenaga kesehatan berisiko 3,67 dan 4,2 kali lebih besar untuk tidak memberikan ASI eksklusif.The coverage of exclusive breastfeeding in the City of Pagar Alam in 2011 was by 43%. Advertising of infant formula has reached privately practicing midwives or health centers. The approach from infant formula manufacturers to midwives in health centers is by providing free milk formula to nursing mothers to be distributed under the pretext of promotion. The objective of this study is to analyze the determinants of exclusive breastfeeding practice failures in the City of Pagar Alam of South Sumatra Province. The population study with an unmatched case-control design was conducted in the City of Pagar Alam. The population was all breastfeeding mothers who had babies in the city of Pagar Alam of South Sumatra Province. The research subjects are breastfeeding mothers who had babies aged 7 - 12 months who selected with proportional random sampling method. The variables of the study included the dependent variable, i.e, the practice of exclusive breastfeeding, the independent variable, i.e, promotion of free milk formula samples. The risk of not exclusively breast feeding amang mothers who had accepted formula milk samples and who absence of support posed by health workers is 3.67 and 4.20 times higher the mothers who had not accepted the formula milk sample and who absence of support posed by heath worker.
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McInnes, Rhona J., Charlotte Wright, Shogufta Haq, and Margaret McGranachan. "Who's keeping the code? Compliance with the international code for the marketing of breast-milk substitutes in Greater Glasgow." Public Health Nutrition 10, no. 7 (July 2007): 719–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980007441453.
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AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate compliance with the World Health Organization's International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes in primary care, after the introduction of strict local infant feeding guidelines.DesignAn audit form was sent to all community-based health professionals with an infant feeding remit. Walking tours were conducted in a random sample of community care facilities.SettingGreater Glasgow Primary Care Division.Subjects(1) Primary-care staff with an infant feeding remit; (2) community health-care facilities.Main outcome measuresContact with manufacturers of breast-milk substitutes (BMS) and BMS company personnel, free samples or incentives, and advertising of BMS.ResultsContact with company personnel was minimal, usually unsolicited and was mainly to provide product information. Free samples of BMS or feeding equipment were rare but childcare or parenting literature was more prevalent. Staff voiced concerns about the lack of relevant information for bottle-feeding mothers and the need to support the mother's feeding choice. One-third of facilities were still displaying materials non-compliant with the Code, with the most common materials being weight conversion charts and posters.ConclusionsContact between personnel from primary care and BMS companies was minimal and generally unsolicited. The presence of materials from BMS companies in health-care premises was more common. Due to the high level of bottle-feeding in Glasgow, primary-care staff stated a need for information about BMS.
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Irwanto, Irwanto, Laurensia Retno Hariatiningsih, and Dito Anjasmoro Ningtyas. "Mistifikasi Jalinan Komunikasi Pada TVC Air Minum Dalam Kemasan." Jurnal Komunikasi 13, no. 1 (April 18, 2022): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.31294/jkom.v13i1.11522.
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Abstract - This is a study that reveals how mystification is packaged using the narrative of mother-child communication in the Mother's Day version of the Aqua branded beverage product advertisement. The mother's day version of Aqua's advertising communicator takes advantage of the nature of a mother who always loves and protects, especially to her children and the momentum is released to coincide with the events of Mother's Day. This study uses a qualitative approach by using a critical paradigm. then analyze the sign of communication used in advertising by using Barthes semiotics. The unit of analysis is taken purposively and in the form of audio, visual and text. Barthes' idea about the relation between signifier, sign and then the meaning of denotation, connotation and myth led researchers to a finding that advertising communicators perform mystification very subtly. There is a personification of Aqua water as if it has love and protection like a mother The construction process carried out by Aqua advertising communicators is also a myth. Next, he packs the scene of the child's communication relationship with his parents as his denotative aspect and the scene of giving gifts as the connotation of the gimmick he uses. In this study, it was also found that capitalism cannot be separated from the ideology that underlies the communicators of the Mother's Day version of Aqua advertising to do mystification.Keywords : Mystification, Advertising, Capitalist, Construction, Semiotics
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Kończak, Jarosław. "Wizerunek kobiety w reklamie. Raport z badań." Media Biznes Kultura, no. 2 (13) (December 21, 2022): 89–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/25442554.mbk.22.017.17103.
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Za podejmowanie decyzji zakupowych odpowiadają głównie kobiety, które stają się przez to kluczową grupą dla reklamodawców. Dotarcie do nich z przekazem wymaga stworzenia właściwego insightu reklamowego oraz atrakcyjnego dla odbiorców wizerunku kobiety. Omawiając kreacje reklam, mówi się zarówno o femvertisingu, upodmiotowieniu kobiet, równości, jak i o stereotypizacji, deprecjonowaniu czy seksizmie. Aby zweryfikować opinie na temat wizerunku kobiet w reklamie, autor przeprowadził analizę komunikacji reklamowej wybranych firm polskich oraz międzynarodowych. Zbadanych zostało 1045 reklam audio-wideo (po 5 kampanii 209 marek). Celem było pokazanie, jakie typy wizerunków kobiecych dominują w reklamie. Zbadanych zostało 10 obszarów, do których należą: atrybuty kobiety, wygląd zewnętrzy, faza cyklu rodzinnego, otoczenie bohaterki, kobiece JA, obietnica, jaką składa marka, emocje bohaterki, relacje z mężczyznami oraz narrator w reklamie. Wyniki analizy pokazały między innymi, że reklamodawcy, widząc rosnące aspiracje kobiet, już nie pokazują ich wyłącznie jako matek, gospodyń czy kochanek. Częściej budują ich siłę wewnętrzną, wyrazistą tożsamość, podmiotowość, samostanowienie i niezależność oraz rozwój osobisty i spełnienie marzeń. Dają przy tym swoim bohaterkom szeroki wachlarz możliwości nie tylko rodzinnych, macierzyńskich czy uczuciowych, lecz także zawodowych, sportowych, majątkowych oraz rozwoju pasji. Image of Women in Advertising. Research report Women are mainly responsible for making purchasing decisions, which makes them a key group for advertisers. Reaching them with a message requires creating an appropriate advertising insight and an image of a woman attractive to the recipients. When discussing ad creations, one speaks of femvertising, women’s empowerment, equality, as well as stereotyping, depreciation and sexism. In order to verify the opinions on the image of women in advertising, the author conducted an analysis of advertising communication of selected Polish and international companies. 1045 audio-video advertisements (5 campaigns of 209 brands each) were examined. The aim was to show what types of female images dominate in advertising. Ten areas were examined, including: female attributes, external appearance, phase of the family cycle, the protagonist’s surroundings, female self, the brand’s promise, the protagonist’s emotions, relations with men and the narrator in the advertisement. The results of the analysis showed that advertisers, seeing the growing aspirations of women, no longer show them only as mothers, housewives or lovers. Jarosław Kończak 90 More often they build their internal strength, expressive identity, subjectivity, self-determination and independence, as well as personal development and fulfillment of dreams. At the same time, they provide their heroines with a wide range of opportunities not only for family, maternal and emotional but also professional, sports, property and passion development.
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Luna, Paulina, Tania Valdes, Alberto Zelocuatecatl-Aguilar, Gerónimo Medrano-Loera, Bárbara Guerrero, Angelica Garcia-Martinez, Rafael Pérez-Escamilla, and Diana Bueno-Gutierrez. "‘[The pediatrician] said that maybe my milk, instead of doing good, no longer helped’: the ecology of infant formula in rural communities in Central Mexico." Public Health Nutrition 24, no. 12 (June 30, 2021): 3879–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980021002433.
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AbstractObjective:As Mexico continues to develop, an epidemiological and nutritional transition has led to an increase in infant formula use in its rural and indigenous communities. Our objective was to determine the social and cultural factors that influence the use of formula in such populations in Central Mexico.Design:Qualitative study using a data collection instrument based on the socio-ecological framework.Setting:Two rural and indigenous communities in Central Mexico.Participants:Mothers, fathers, grandparents and healthcare providers.Results:Breast-feeding was favoured in both communities; however, several cultural traditions hindered exclusive breast-feeding. As these communities became more developed, emerging ideas of modernity led to negative connotations about breast-feeding and many mothers began to view formula as a complement for breast-feeding. Formula was seen as a convenient solution for breast pain, insufficient milk and body image. Healthcare providers promoted the use of formula through their own beliefs, information, communication and conflicts of interest with formula industry representatives. The recent social and economic changes in these communities combined with the increased advertising and availability of breast milk substitutes have facilitated the preference for formula.Conclusions:Women in rural, indigenous communities in Central Mexico are increasingly using formula. Efforts at the policy and institutional levels are needed to protect mothers and their children from the detrimental consequences of unregulated formula promotion and the formula culture that it brings with it.
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Mustikaningrum, Rr Garnetta, and Ajeng Ilastria Rosalina. "Pandangan Publik Terhadap Klaim Manfaat dan Keamanan Minuman Mengandung Kolagen dan L-glutathione Berdasarkan Iklan Produk." JURNAL Al-AZHAR INDONESIA SERI SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI 6, no. 2 (September 27, 2021): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.36722/sst.v6i2.724.
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<p><strong>Currently, many food products are containing Collagen and L-Glutathione. Based on recent studies, oral collagen supplementation has many advantages as a skin whitening agent, moisturizing agent, skin elasticity enhancer. Collagen supplementation has proven safe for short-term use in adult healthy subjects; however, there is no safety data on other group subjects such as pregnant women, breastfeeding mothers, and children. Meanwhile, there are so many food products containing collagen and L-Glutathione that claim their products give many advantages without any clinical study. The producer massively advertises their products to sell them without any complete information about side effects and warnings. The purpose of this study is to examine respondent’s purchase intention and awareness of this product's safety. The result shows that the respondent is likely interested in the claim they see in the advertisement. However, it has the potential unsafe use for pregnant women, lactating mothers and children, and long-term use. So this paper recommends BPOM to alter any regulation of food containing collagen especially on labeling and advertising and consider the product to become a food supplement instead.</strong></p><p><strong><em>Keyword –</em> </strong><em>Breastfeeding, Collagen, Whitening<strong></strong></em></p>