Academic literature on the topic 'Adult Performance Level Study (APL)'
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Journal articles on the topic "Adult Performance Level Study (APL)"
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Ono, Takaaki, Akihiro Takeshita, Yuji Kishimoto, Hitoshi Kiyoi, Masaya Okada, Yasukazu Kawai, Motohiro Tsuzuki, et al. "Clinical Features and Outcomes of Elderly Patients with Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL) - the Japan Adult Leukemia Study Group APL97 Study." Blood 116, no. 21 (November 19, 2010): 1077. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v116.21.1077.1077.
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Abstract Abstract 1077 (Background) Studies focused on elderly APL are limited. The European APL study group reported in their APL 93 trial that lower survival rate in elderly APL was mainly due to an increase of early deaths and toxicity of chemotherapy (Ades et al, 2005). On the other hand, PETHEMA group reported in their LPA96 and 99 studies that ATRA combined with anthracycline monochemotherapy resulted in low toxicity and high compliance, and that survival rate is similar to younger patients (Miguel A et al, 2004). We analyzed clinical features and outcomes of elderly APL patients with APL who were treated with ATRA and intensive chemotherapy and compared with those of younger patients in long term follow-up of the JALSG-APL97 Study. (Methods) Patients with newly diagnosed APL were continuously registered from May 1997 to June 2002, and induction therapy was composed of ATRA and chemotherapy including idarubicin and cytarabine. The dose and duration of chemotherapy were based on initial leukocyte count. After completion of 3 courses of consolidation chemotherapy, patients negative for the PML-RARA transcript were randomly allocated either to receive 6 courses of intensified maintenance chemotherapy or to observation. Elderly patients were treated with the same schedule to younger patients (Asou et al, 2007). Clinical features as well as relapse rate (RR), overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were assessed in elderly group with aged 60 or more in comparison with younger group. Clinical outcomes were updated on January, 2009 and the median follow up period is 7.3 years. (Results) Of 302 patients registered in this study, 283 patients were assessable. The median age was 48 years (range, 15–70 years), with 237 patients in younger group (median age, 44 years) and 46 patients in elder group (median age, 63 years). Significantly lower platelet count (less than 10 × 109/L), higher incidence of ECOG performance status 3 to 4, lower albumin level (< 3.5g/dl) were observed in elderly group compared to younger group (P = 0.04, P = 0.02 and P < 0.001, respectively), while clinical characteristics including gender, initial leukocyte count, APL cells in peripheral blood, DIC score, frequency of variant type (M3v), expression of CD-phenotype, past history of chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy and number of infectious complications at diagnosis, did not differ between two groups. The CR rates and early mortality during induction therapy including to hemorrhagic complications were similar between two groups (89% vs. 96%, P = 0.06; 11% vs. 4%, P = 0.08), whereas induction death due to differentiation syndrome in elderly group is higher compared with younger group (4% vs. 0%, P = 0.03). The cumulative incidence of non relapse mortality (NRM) during the third consolidation chemotherapy was significantly higher in elderly group (9% vs. 1%., P = 0.04). All of the mortality occurred during consolidation therapy was associated with infection. Although OS was lower in elderly groups at 10 year compared with younger group (65% vs. 87%, P < 0.001), DFS and RR were similar between two groups (65% vs. 67%, P = 0.70; 13% vs. 26%, P = 0.15, respectively). (Conclusion) The present study demonstrated that efficacy of ATRA combined with chemotherapy in elderly APL was similar to younger APL. Nevertheless, lower OS at 10 year in elderly APL was observed in this study. One of the reasons was an increase of NRM, especially induction death due to differentiation syndrome and infection death during consolidation chemotherapy. Thus, reduction of intensity of post remission chemotherapy should be considered in elderly patients. Non-myelosuppressive agents such as arsenic trioxide and/or tamibarotene should be incorporated into the post remission therapy for elderly patients with APL. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Alejo, Andres Armas, Felipe José Aidar, Dihogo Gama de Matos, Marcelo Danillo dos Santos, Dilton dos Santos Silva, Raphael Fabrício de Souza, Jymmys Lopes dos Santos, Lúcio Marques Vieira Souza, Cleberson Franclin Tavares Costa, and Albená Nunes da Silva. "DOES PRE-COMPETITIVE ANXIETY INTERFERE IN THE PERFORMANCE OF BOXING ATHLETES IN BRAZIL? A PILOT STUDY." Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte 26, no. 2 (April 2020): 139–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1517-869220202602218943.
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ABSTRACT Introduction: Pre-competitive anxiety is one of the psychological factors that can greatly influence athletes' performance, especially when it comes to individual sport like boxing. Objective: To analyze the level of pre-competitive anxiety in male athletes in the adult and young adult categories, and their correlation with the final results of the last Brazilian National Championship. Methods: A total of 60 young adult athletes participated in the study: 38 non-medalists (17.17±0.54 years and 66.38±13.21 kg) and 22 medalists (17.48±0.54 years and 66.21±12.96 kg). The “adults” group consisted of 35 athletes: 11 non-medalists (22.60±4.65 years and 68.33±14.08 kg) and 24 medalists (22.60±4.82 years and 67.33 ±13.13 kg). Results: The levels of cognitive anxiety in the young adult athletes group presented significant differences: medalists presented lower scores than non-medalists (12.77±2.62 and 15.92±5.20, respectively). In the adults group, medalists presented higher scores than non-medalists (15.23±4.42 and 12.00±4.11). Significant differences were observed in somatic anxiety levels between the young adult medalists and the other groups (p = 0.038). In addition, levels of self-confidence were high in all groups (young adult non-medalists = 29.42±4.82; adult non-medalists = 26.14±4.94, young adult medalists = 31.59±4.24 and adult medalists = 28.91±4.88). Conclusion: We conclude that self-confidence may interfere with anxiety levels, considering that medal-winning boxers are less prone to cognitive anxiety than non-medalists, and that both groups have high levels of self-confidence. Level of evidence I; High quality randomized trial with statistically significant difference or no statistically significant difference but narrow confidence intervals.
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Craig, Chie H., Byoung W. Kim, Paula M. Pecyna Rhyner, and Tricia K. Bowen Chirillo. "Effects of Word Predictability, Child Development, and Aging on Time-Gated Speech Recognition Performance." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 36, no. 4 (August 1993): 832–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3604.832.
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This study examined the interaction of acoustic-phonetic information with higher-level linguistic contextual information during the real-time speech perception process in child, young adult, and older adult listeners. Five age groups were studied: (a) young children ranging in age from 5 to 7 years, (b) older children aged 8 to 10 years, (c) young adults aged 18 to 23 years, (d) older adults aged 60 to 69 years, and (e) older adults aged 70 to 83 years. All subjects were presented with time-gated monosyllabic target words presented in sentence contexts containing contrasting levels of word predictability. Findings indicated that target word predictability influenced the timing and nature of the real-time recognition process including the listeners’ use of initial word sounds. Predictability-high (PH) words were recognized earlier and with greater confidence than predictability-low (PL) words. PH recognition performance was more influenced by child development and aging than PL recognition performance. Older adult listeners required more PH-gated word stimuli to produce accurate responses than younger adults. Older children showed more effective use of PH contexts than younger children.
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Stamouli, Maria, Alessandro Busca, Luisa Verga, Anna Candoni, Chiara Cattaneo, Gianpaolo Nadali, Maria Enza Mitra, et al. "Invasive Fungal Infections in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Patients. Results of a Prospective Multicenter Study in Italy." Blood 124, no. 21 (December 6, 2014): 3682. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.3682.3682.
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Abstract OBJECTIVES Aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the risk of invasive fungal infection (IFI) in patients (pts) with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) and to compare APL pts with patients affected by non promyelocytic acute myeloid leukemia (npAML) in order to evaluate factors potentially linked to IFI in these two subsets of acute myeloid leukemia. PATIENTS AND METHODS From January 2010 to April 2012 all pts with newly diagnosed AML were registered in 33 Italian participating centers. A minimum follow up of 90 days after 1st induction chemotherapy was requested for all pts. A prolonged follow up until June 2014 was made only for APL. Data were collected about age, gender, AML subtype, treatment and also about post chemotherapy risk factors for IFI (duration of neutropenia, mucosal damages, vomiting, diarrhea, presence of medical devices), antifungal prophylaxis, onset of IFI, level of certainty (possible/probable/proven), and antifungal treatment. Only for APL the survey was prolonged for at least 3 months in order to analyze if these pts have an IFI risk during other than first induction phases. RESULTS 1,192 consecutive newly diagnosed adult AML pts (npAML:1,086/APL:106) were enrolled in the study. Among npAML pts, those receiving low dose chemotherapy and/or palliative treatment were excluded from the analysis; in the remaining 881 pts 214 cases (24%) of IFI were recorded. Considering APL, 3 pts were excluded from the analysis due to early death (1 pt) or bad performance status (2 pts). The remaining 103 pts received APL treatment according to local protocols: all trans retinoic acid (ATRA) plus chemotherapy (90 pts) or ATRA plus arsenic trioxide (ATO)(13 pts). Only 8 (8%) APL pts developed an IFI after the induction phase: 1 proven, 3 probable and 4 possible IFI. All cases were caused by molds. All APL were followed for a median follow up of 36 months (range 3-54). During this time only 2 other cases of IFI were observed: 1 possible IFI during consolidation at 16 weeks from APL diagnosis and 1 probable aspergillosis in a rare case of APL relapse at 132 weeks from APL diagnosis. All the IFI occurred in pts treated with ATRA plus chemotherapy. IFI was fatal in only 1 case (cerebral aspergillosis), all the other pts recovered after antifungal treatment. A comparison between npAML and APL was made in order to analyze the risk of IFI within 90 days after induction treatment among these 2 groups of patients (see table). A significantly lower number of overall IFI and systemic antifungal treatment was observed in the APL group, in spite of the fact that systemic anti mold prophylaxis was significantly less frequently utilized. Table 1Comparison between APL and npAML in induction phaseAPLnpAMLpNumber of pts103881Mean age51550.01m/f50/53448/433N.S.Performance status (WHO)0-1>1. 76 27. 284 597. <0.0001Central venous catheter52 (50%)687 (78%)<0.0001Neutropenia (<1000/mm3)103 (100%)874 (99%)N.S.Mean duration of neutropenia (<1000/mm3)23 days25 days0.1Mean duration of deep neutropenia (<500/mm3)17.5 days24 days0.04Antifungal prophylaxis94 (91%)837 (95%)N.S.Topical antifungal prophylaxis 17 (17%)60 (7%)0.0005Drug in prophylaxisfluconazoleitraconazoleposaconazoleother.33 (32%)13 (12%)38 (37%)1 (1%).168 (19%)117 (13%)513 (58%)23 (3%).0.002N.S. <0.0001IFIsall casesproven/probable.8 (8%)4 (4%).214 (24%)77 (9%).0.00010.08moldsall casesproven/probable.8 (8%)4 (4%).191 (22%)55 (6%).0.0006N.S.yeastsall cases.0.23 (3%). <0.0001Antifungal treatmentMean duration11 (11%)17 days275 (31%)14 days<0.0001 N.S.Overall mortality at 30 days8 (8%)110 (12%)N.S.Mortality due to IFI at 30 days1 (1%)25 (3%)N.S. Comparing APL among them in order to identify parameters that could be correlated to IFI presentation, no significant factors were identified. DISCUSSION In our prospective study we specifically analyzed the incidence and the type of IFI in APL during a prolonged follow-up. Only 10 cases of IFI were documented and in most cases (6 pts) the infection was only possible. Comparing APL to npAML a lower incidence of overall IFI was observed despite less use of mold active drugs as prophylaxis. It could be attributed to the different chemotherapy (less aggressive in APL) and to lower duration of deep neutropenia. No yeast infection was observed in APL. On the basis of this study, APLs may be considered at low risk of IFI so probably the use of a mold active antifungal prophylaxis could be omitted. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Katz, Noomi, Hanah Karpin, Arit Lak, Tania Furman, and Adina Hartman-Maeir. "Participation in Occupational Performance: Reliability and Validity of the Activity Card Sort." OTJR: Occupation, Participation and Health 23, no. 1 (January 2003): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/153944920302300102.
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The Activity Card Sort (ACS) is a comprehensive instrument for assessing participation in occupational performance of instrumental, social-cultural, and leisure activities. The purpose of the study was to determine the reliability and validity of the ACS within different adult and older adult groups. The study included 263 participants comprising 5 groups of 61 healthy adults, 61 healthy older adults, 40 spouses or caregivers of individuals with Alzheimer's, 45 individuals with multiple sclerosis, and 56 individuals 1 year after having a stroke. The ACS was adapted to the Israeli culture in a previous study with the author's permission. The final version that was used in this analysis included 88 picture cards of adults performing instrumental, social-cultural, and low and high physical leisure activities that the clients sort into five categories. The ACS provides a “retained activity level” score that is the percentage of activities in which a person is currently engaged divided by those with whom he or she was involved in the past. In addition, comparisons between all groups of current activity levels were analyzed. The ACS had high internal consistency (Cronbach alpha in each area) for instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) and social-cultural activities (.82, .80), and lower for low and high physical leisure activities (.66, .61). A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) that compared groups of participants on total retained activity level and individual activity areas showed a significant group effect on all comparisons (p<.000) that support construct validity. Post hoc Scheffe tests revealed significant differences between most groups. The same results were found for current activity level. The results support the reliability and validity of the ACS and provide a basis for its clinical use.
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Frey, Alain, Christophe Lambert, Benoit Vesselle, Romain Rousseau, Frédéric Dor, Laurie Anne Marquet, Jean François Toussaint, and Michel Daoud Crema. "Epidemiology of Judo-Related Injuries in 21 Seasons of Competitions in France: A Prospective Study of Relevant Traumatic Injuries." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 7, no. 5 (May 1, 2019): 232596711984747. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967119847470.
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Background: Judo is a full-contact fighting sport that may lead to severe injuries. There are limited data available on the incidence of judo-related injuries. The French Judo Federation has established a surveillance system to document the frequency and type of injuries during judo competitions. Purpose: To describe the incidence rates and types of judo-related traumatic injuries during 21 seasons of competitions in France with respect to athlete (judoka) age, sex, and level of performance. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: Between 1993 and 2014, each physician in charge of each judo competition filled out a form in which he/she documented the number of competing judokas, the number of fights, the number of medical interventions, the specific type of traumatic injuries for each intervention, the number of fight interruptions, and the number of athletes removed from the competition venue because of an injury. The age, sex, and level of performance of each judoka were also documented. Variance analysis was applied to assess whether differences in incidence rates of injuries between groups were significant (Student t test and chi-square test). Results: Surveillance of 421,670 fights demonstrated 3511 injuries in 316,203 judokas (incidence proportion, 1.1%). Among the injuries recorded, the most common were sprains (54.3%), fractures (15.6%), and dislocations (12.5%). Female athletes exhibited significantly higher incidence rates for knee sprains and elbow dislocations, whereas male athletes exhibited a higher incidence rate for shoulder dislocations ( P < .001 for all). Regarding age, higher incidence rates were observed in young adults (aged 18-20 years) for acromioclavicular sprains and in children (aged 10-14 years) for clavicle fractures compared with adults (aged 21-35 years) ( P < .001 for both). Both young adult and adult athletes had a higher incidence rate of shoulder dislocations ( P < .001). Regarding the level of performance, athletes competing at higher levels had a higher incidence rate of sprains to the knee ( P < .001). Conclusion: During 21 years of surveillance of injuries in judo competitions in France, the incidence proportion of injuries was 1.1%. Significant differences in incidence rates demonstrated when considering age, sex, and level of performance may help in developing strategies to prevent traumatic injuries in the future.
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Zoccola, Diana, Ann B. Shuttleworth-Edwards, and Sarah E. Radloff. "Signs of cognitive dysfunction in adult players of club level rugby." South African Journal of Psychology 50, no. 1 (February 11, 2019): 128–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0081246319826816.
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The objective of this study was to investigate players of club level Rugby Union (hereafter rugby) over one rugby season, for signs of residual cognitive dysfunction due to repeated concussive events incurred during long-term participation in the sport. Adult male players of club level rugby, without a diagnosis of a concussion during the season ( n = 20), were compared with non-contact club level sports participants ( n = 22) of equivalent sex, age, education, and estimated IQ at pre-, mid-, and post-season intervals. Measures included the ImPACT Verbal Memory, Visual Memory, Visual Motor Speed and Reaction Time composites, and the Purdue Pegboard test. Statistical group comparisons revealed consistently poorer performance for rugby players compared with controls for ImPACT Visual Motor Speed and Reaction Time composites at all test intervals, and for the Purdue Pegboard tasks at the first two test intervals. Repeat measures comparisons across the three test intervals demonstrated differential learning patterns between groups on ImPACT Visual Memory, ImPACT Reaction Time, and Purdue Both tasks, suggestive of cognitive vulnerability in the rugby group. Overall, the results reveal deleterious cognitive performance in adult club level rugby players relative to equivalent non-contact sports controls. The finding serves to endorse indications from other studies that demonstrate persistent brain injury effects in association with long-term participation in a contact sport. Recommendations for further research and management of concussion in rugby players are discussed.
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Pittman, Andrea L., Patricia G. Stelmachowicz, Dawna E. Lewis, and Brenda M. Hoover. "Influence of Hearing Loss on the Perceptual Strategies of Children and Adults." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 45, no. 6 (December 2002): 1276–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1092-4388(2002/102).
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To accommodate growing vocabularies, young children are thought to modify their perceptual weights as they gain experience with speech and language. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether the perceptual weights of children and adults with hearing loss differ from those of their normal-hearing counterparts. Adults and children with normal hearing and with hearing loss served as participants. Fricative and vowel segments within consonant-vowel-consonant stimuli were presented at randomly selected levels under two conditions: unaltered and with the formant transition removed. Overall performance for each group was calculated as a function of segment level. Perceptual weights were also calculated for each group using point-biserial correlation coefficients that relate the level of each segment to performance. Results revealed child-adult differences in overall performance and also revealed an effect of hearing loss. Despite these performance differences, the pattern of perceptual weights was similar across all four groups for most conditions.
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Blumenfeld, Henrike K., Ashley Adams Sanabria, and Ignatius S. B. Nip. "Native Language and Second Language Convergence and Second Language Instruction Shape Speech-Language Performance in Adult Learners." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 65, no. 3 (March 8, 2022): 970–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2021_jslhr-21-00382.
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Purpose: We examined native language (L1) and second language (L2) convergence of underlying skills in adult L2 learners as well as the contribution of instructional L2 level on L2 attainment across speech motor, lexical, and narrative levels. Method: Thirty-four adult Spanish L2 learners who had completed at least 1 year of college Spanish participated in this preliminary study. Learners were tested at the speech motor, lexical, and narrative levels in their L1 (English) and L2 (Spanish). L1–L2 convergence was indexed by associative links between corresponding L1 and L2 skills. In regression analyses, the level of Spanish instruction at the time of the study was also considered as a predictor of L2 attainment across speech motor, lexical, and narrative levels. Results: L1–L2 convergence was identified for some speech motor skills (distance, maximum speed) and for lexical skills but was limited for other speech motor skills (duration, spatiotemporal index) and for narrative measures. Furthermore, lexical and narrative measures, but not speech motor measures, showed improvements with Spanish (L2) instruction. Conclusions: L1–L2 convergence and instructional level are predictors of L2 performance in adult language learners. These factors play somewhat different roles across speech motor, lexical, and narrative levels, warranting further “all-system” research across processing and proficiency levels.
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Balamutova, N., L. Sheyko, A. Yushko, N. Boreyko, E. Bloshenko, and G. Kucherenko. "BIoenergy criteria for the physical performance of swimmers of different age." Scientific Journal of National Pedagogical Dragomanov University. Series 15. Scientific and pedagogical problems of physical culture (physical culture and sports), no. 1(145) (January 19, 2022): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.31392/npu-nc.series15.2022.1(145).05.
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For success in a particular sport, you must have an appropriate body type, a high level of development of physical qualities and functional capabilities of the body. In sports related to the manifestation of endurance, sports performance is largely associated with the capabilities of energy supply systems. The purpose of this study was to study the characteristics of adaptation of swimmers' organism to physical activity in the course of many years of training. The study involved young swimmers aged 13-22 years. The results of our work represent an attempt to follow the formation of functional prerequisites for high sports performance at different stages of long-term training. However, the data of this study indicate that the overall training load is quite adequate for them. On the other hand, differences in the level of functional state of the body of young people and adults may be due to different directions of the educational and training process.
If the main goal of training adult athletes is to achieve high sports results, then in youth sports the tasks of basic training are mostly solved, which creates the preconditions for achieving higher sportsmanship in the future.
The data of this study are an attempt to trace the formation of functional prerequisites for high athletic performance at different stages of long-term training and can be used to create dynamic model characteristics of athletes.
Prospects for further research are to determine the level of functional state of the body and physical performance of girls swimmers of all ages.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Adult Performance Level Study (APL)"
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Painter, David M. "A study of the adult performance level based curriculum guide and its use in the state of Indiana." Virtual Press, 1985. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/439141.
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The purpose of the study was to examine the development of Learning for Everyday Living, the Indiana curriculum guide, for the adult performance level (APL) program in the State of Indiana and to determine its use and value to adult basic education (ABE) programs throughout the State of Indiana.An examination of the Guide and its usefulness was undertaken in four areas: First, administrators' judgments of the management aspects of the Guide and its ease or difficulty of use by teachers. Second, teachers' and administrators judgments of the Guide's curriculum value. Third, teachers' judgments of the value of the auxiliary materials in the use of the Guide. Fourth, the degree of administrators' and teachers' inservice and/or preparation prior to the use of the Guide. Respondents were asked to respond to Part A of the questionnaire if they used the Guide, to Part B if they didn't. The respondents consisted of 24 directors and 81 adult basic education (ABE) teachers working in 28 programs.Findings1. Fifty-eight percent of the administrators responding indicated that Learninq for Everyday Livinq material was used in their programs.2. Approximately 93% of the administrators judged that the Guide was effective with students.3. Both teachers and administrators viewed the auxiliary materials as inadequate in working with adult basic education (ABE) students.4. Opportunity for additional staff development opportunities were judged valuable to both teachers and administrators in further use of the Guide.Conclusions1. A general updating of the Guide was recommended by both teachers and administrators with attention directed to the addition of activities and objectives in several content areas, i.e. family, lifelong learning, parenting, problem-solving, etc.2. The Guide was judged by both teachers and administrators to be effective as a curriculum guide and is very manageable in the areas of record-keeping and preparation of lessons. It allows adult students easy entry and exit to Adult Basic Education(ABE) Programs.3. Staff development workshops to acquaint new teachers and administrators with the materials are needed if the Guide is to be further implemented throughout the state.
Books on the topic "Adult Performance Level Study (APL)"
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B, Armstrong William, ed. Adult literacy in the United States: A compendium of quantitative data and interpretive comments. San Diego: [s.n.], 1994.
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Shakespeare, William. Romeo & Juliet: Shakespeare in Performance. Edited by Bevington David M, Gaines Barbara, and Holland Peter 1951-. London: Methuen Drama, 2007.
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P, Cerasano S., ed. Julius Caesar: An authoritative text sources and contexts, criticism, performance history. New York: W. W. Norton, 2012.
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Rudman, Jack. High School Adult Performance Level Survey (APL) (Admission Test Series). National Learning Corp, 2004.
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Menzer, Paul, and William Shakespeare. Romeo and Juliet: Arden Performance Editions. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2017.
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Menzer, Paul, and William Shakespeare. Romeo and Juliet: Arden Performance Editions. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2017.
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Shakespeare, William. Romeo and Juliet: Arden Performance Editions. The Arden Shakespeare, 2017.
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Shakespeare, William. Macbeth: Arden Performance Editions. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2019.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Adult Performance Level Study (APL)"
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Madeira, Ana, Alexandra Fiéis, and Joana Teixeira. "Chapter 1. Anaphora resolution in L2 European Portuguese." In Language Acquisition in Romance Languages, 12–33. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/bpa.18.01mad.
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This study investigates the interpretation of subject pronouns in L1 Italian – L2 European Portuguese, considering animacy effects and the position of the antecedent. Participants were 25 adult EP native speakers, 25 upper-intermediate, 25 advanced, and 19 near-native Italian adult learners of L2 EP. They were administered two multiple-choice tasks (speeded and untimed) with a 2 x 2 design crossing the following variables: animacy of the matrix object (animate vs. inanimate) and type of embedded pronominal subject (overt vs. null). Results indicate that L2 learners show problems only in the areas where the L1 and the L2 differ, namely: the resolution of overt subjects in the presence of [−animate] object antecedent and the resolution of null subjects. Learners’ performance in these areas remains unstable even at the near-native level. These findings challenge the ideas that only overt subjects are persistently problematic in L2 acquisition and that the L1 plays a minor role in anaphora resolution.
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Chicone, Rhonda, Tina Marie Burton, and Julie A. Huston. "Using Facebook's Open Source Capture the Flag Platform as a Hands-on Learning and Assessment Tool for Cybersecurity Education." In Learning and Performance Assessment, 683–98. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-0420-8.ch032.
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There is a high demand for skilled cybersecurity professionals, however, entry-level employees and college graduates often lack the hands-on and real-world experience they need to be successful in the cybersecurity industry. This high demand has led educators to pursue innovative and smart application technologies as a way for students to gain hands-on skills and to practice those skills in a safe and fun environment. Cybergames are now being used by educational institutions and in private and public industry sectors. One popular game in the cybersecurity space is called Capture the Flag (CTF). This study investigates Facebook's CTF platform as a cost-effective learning and assessment tool for undergraduate and graduate cybersecurity adult students for an online university.
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Seyhan, Nazlı, and Burak Seyhan. "Examining the Nexus Between Digitalization and Elderly Employment in the European Union Using Selected Socioeconomic Indicators: A Critic Based Mabac Method Application." In Teoriden Pratiğe Ekonomi Politikaları ve Dönüşümü II. Özgür Yayınları, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.58830/ozgur.pub294.c1277.
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The aim of this study is to examine the adaptation of elderly employment to developments in the digitalized world and to investigate how successful the EU countries are in managing this process. This study is evaluating the performances EU countries with CRITIC based MABAC Method in terms of adaptation of the elderly employment to the developments in the digitalized world using some socio-economic indicators that are important in the adaptation of the elderly employment to the process. According to the findings of the CRITIC method used for criterion weighting with the help of the variables included in the study, the most important eight criteria affecting performance are Adults working at home (20.59%), Population (15.48%), Adult Employment Rate (10.42%), Life Expectancy (9%, 63), Average Income (7.91%), Internet Usage Rate (7.70%) and Digital Skill Level (7.67%). On the other hand, in the findings of the MABAC method using the weights obtained by the CRITIC method, it was found that the countries in the first place in the performance ranking were Germany, Denmark, Sweden and Italy, while the countries with low performance were Poland, Croatia, Bulgaria and Greece. As a result of the study, it is seen that the countries in the first place have higher digital skill level, internet usage rate, adult employment rate, per capita income and average income level and active aging index values in the population aged 55-64 compared to other countries, while the poverty threshold is lower. On the contrary, when the countries in the lowest ranks are examined, it is seen that there are countries with low digital skill levels, adult employment rate, average income and high poverty threshold.
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McVey, Michael G. "Perceived Best Practices for Faculty Training in Distance Education." In Gamification, 2186–95. IGI Global, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-8200-9.ch110.
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Student learning style differences have been widely researched in both traditional face-to-face and online learning environments (Irani, Scherler & Harrington, 2003; Steinbronn, 2007; Williamson & Watson, 2007; Ugur, Akkoyunlu & Kurbanoglu, 2001). After conducting a literature review of adult student learning styles and teaching method analysis, it became apparent that there was not a significant difference in academic performance for students with differing learning styles whether they attended face-to-face or online classroom environments. What was not clearly indicated though, from the review of the literature, was what were the perceived best practices for online teaching from the perspective of experienced distance educators and whether the instructors' perceived learning style was incorporated in training programs to assist faculty to teach online. Thus, the purpose of this qualitative pilot study is to determine the perceived best practices to train faculty to teach in an online environment and how individual instructors' perceived learning style can be incorporated within best practices to foster competence on an individual instructor level. This study also analyzes faculty resistance to distance education and how transformative learning theory may play a role in overcoming this resistance.
Conference papers on the topic "Adult Performance Level Study (APL)"
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Plácido, Talita Gabriele de Queiroz, Pedro Augusto Sampaio Rocha Filho, and Mário Luciano de Mélo Silva Júnior. "Evaluation of adult and elderly performance in MoCA and verbal fluency test in Recife-PE." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.274.
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Background: Considering the increase in life expectancy, the use of screening tests contributes to the detection of cognitive decline. However, different socioeconomic conditions can influence the performance of individuals. Objectives: To compare the performance of participants in the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the Verbal Fluency Test (VFT), assessing the influence of schooling on the score. Design and setting: Cross-sectional, descriptive study, with 21 participants without cognitive complaints, between January and April 2021, in Recife, Pernambuco. Methods: Data were analyzed through SPSS software, Shapiro-Wilk test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient (PCC). Results: In all, 21 MoCA tests were applied (Average score: 19.8 points; SD = ± 4.3). The population has a mean age of 56.2 years (SD = ± 10.2), education of 11.8 years (SD = ± 3.5), and a predominance of females (93.5%). In the VFT, the total average performance resulted in 11.5 words (SD = ± 5.1), the first interval, 6.1 (SD = ± 2.5), the second, 2.8 (SD = ± 1, 9) and the third, 2.1 (SD = ± 2.1). There was a correlation between the performance in MoCA and VFT (PCC = 0.717; P = 0.01), and between performance and years of schooling (MoCA: PCC = 0.688; P = 0.01 vs VFT: PCC = 0.489; P = 0.02). Conclusions: Both tools were correlated with the participant’s level of education. However, VFT obtained a lower correlation
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Sturr, Joseph F., Gary E. Kline, and Harvey A. Taub. "Visual acuity in young and old adults under low luminance." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1987.mc5.
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Static visual acuity has traditionally been used for characterizing visual performance in the well-illuminated environment. However, there is very little information available on the performance of the aging visual system under mesopic and mesopic/scotopic conditions. The present study has been designed to help clarify and extend previous findings in this area. Young (ages 18-25, N = 40) and old (ages 60 and above, N = 80) subjects in good ocular health were tested binocularly for distance acuity with a Bausch & Lomb Orthorater at each of six luminance levels ranging from 245 to 0.2 cd/m2. All began at the lowest level and continued at each progressively higher luminance. Preliminary results suggest (1) age-related losses in acuity at all luminance levels, (2) a systematic decline in performance over each 5-yr interval beginning at age 60, (3) 80% of those over 65 were legally blind at the lowest illumination condition, and (4) performance at the highest level is a relatively poor predictor of visual acuity at the lowest level of illumination for all subjects.
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LOU, VIVIAN W. Q., CLIO Y. M. CHENG, KE CHEN, CALVIN K. L. OR, YONG HU, and NING XI. "APPLYING AN INNOVATIVE USER-CENTRIC CO-CREATION (UC3) APPROACH IN DEVELOPING INTELLIGENT WEARABLE ROBOTS FOR ELDERLY ASSISTANCE: FROM A TRANSDISCIPLINARY LENS." In Structural Health Monitoring 2023. Destech Publications, Inc., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/shm2023/36966.
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Mobility difficulties is a major public health issue which affects the ability of older adults to perform daily living activities and its prevalence increased with age. Assistive technology such as wearable robots has the potential to support older adults with mobility difficulties, yet there remain substantial challenges to developing wearable robots that can accommodate the needs of older adults and aid in performing daily living activities. In the current study, we developed and validated an innovative User-Centric Co-Creation (UC3) approach. First, we engaged older adults from the design phase of exoskeletons and treated them as equal partners. Second, we initiated an interactive testing platform to perform trilevel data curation, physiology, function, and behavioral level, to inform kinesiology-based parameters for wearable robots’ development. We invited a total of 16 older adults to join six co-creation workshops on wearable robots. Next, we used a multi-method pilot study using the UC3 approach to validate the interactive testing platform (N=15). After a successful pilot study and validation, a total of 157 participants were recruited in two waves. First, we recruited 91 healthy older adults aged 65 or above, between July and August 2021 to act as the reference group. Second, we invited 66 older adults with mobility difficulties between December 2021 and December 2022, who are the target users of the wearable robots. Subsequently, a total of 55 participants in the second wave joined an experiment with knee robots between May 2022 and February 2023. All the participants were invited to join experiment procedures at three levels: physiology level, function level, and behavior level. Gait motion analysis and balance ability were included at the physiology level. Maximum voluntary contraction at three knee angles (performed using knee extension test) and maximum handgrip strength were included at the function level. The Short Physical Performance Battery, a group of measures that combines the results of 4-meter walk speed, 5-time chair stand test, and balance tests, was included at the behavioral level. Following the UC3 approach, we engaged older adults as equal partners in wearable robots’ development and developed a performance-based risk hierarchy with a transdisciplinary team’s support. Prior to conducting the three-level analysis to inform the development of wearable robots, we instigated a risk hierarchy based on recommended cut-offs on handgrip strength (M: < 28 kg, F: < 18 kg), 4-metre walk speed (< 1.0 m/s), 5-time chair stand test (≥ 12 s), and SPPB total score (≤ 9). Among all the 157 participants, 29 (18.5%) were classified as having no risks, 51 (32.5%) were classified as having one risk, 29 (18.5%) were classified as having two risks, 20 (12.7%) were classified as having three risks, the remaining 28 (17.8%) were classified as having four risks. In general, we found evidence for a novel UC3 approach to inform wearable robots’ development. We started with a full engagement of target users, followed by a trilevel data curation at the physiology level, function level, and behavioral level. Lastly, continuous improvement and discussions with experts in a transdisciplinary team confirmed the validity of the UC3 approach. All in all, elucidating the unmet needs for daily activities at the physiology, function, and behavioral level will provide valuable insights into the development of intelligent wearable robots and will unlock the key to an independent living lifestyle in old age.
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"CHANGES IN HEMODYNAMIC STATUS, SLEEP PATTERN, MENTAL HEALTH , AND SOCIAL LIFE AMONG NIGHT SHIFT MEDICAL WORKER IN JORDANIAN HOSPITALS." In International Conference on Public Health and Humanitarian Action. International Federation of Medical Students' Associations - Jordan, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56950/bgcw7569.
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Background: Shift work is essential for many occupations like in the Emergency Medical Service that provides critical services that must be available all hours as a result of the irregularly day and night nature work (e.g., 9 p.m to 7:30 am ) with long-duration shifts (e.g., 24h and 48h) they could end up with a higher risk of disturbances in hemodynamic status which is contributed to (shock, heart failure, pressure changes, Sleep deficiency) along with mental health issue Objective: we aim to compare the blood pressure, heart rate, and O2 saturation and investigate the effect of demographic that includes (BMI, age, sex, educational level, mental status, memory, and decision-making ability. ) symptoms, and substance consumption (including caffeine, tea, energy drink, alcohol, smoking, multi-vitamin ..etc) between two group night shift and day shift Method: this study will be conducted in private hospitals and public hospitals in Jordan (Amman and Irbid ) and its design is a cross-sectional observational where adult health care providers will be invited to participate in completing an interviewer administration questionnaire Results: the high percentage of night medical workers faced a problem in many aspects including sleep disturbances, higher pressure, high caffeine intake, low focus, and decision-making ability along with social and family issues and mental health disturbances Conclusion: so we could conclude that medical night Shift work is associated with impaired alertness and low efficacy due to sleep loss and circadian disturbances so the performance remains mainly impaired during night shifts and the ability to focus and solve the problem and memorize information become lower with time In the end, we hope that medical institutions and hospitals would care more about the working environment not only the physical side but also mental health which should be put under the consideration Keywords: hemodynamic status, night shift, mental health, cardiovascular disease, social life
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Svobodová, Lenka, Martin Sebera, Kateřina Strašilová, Tomáš Hlinský, Marie Crhová, Andrea Martincová, Petr Vajda, and Nikola Stračárová. "The impact of different types of physical activity on walking as a vital everyday movement in older adults." In 12th International Conference on Kinanthropology. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9631-2020-40.
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Introduction:Due to an international trend of the aging population, we see increased attention paid to studies dealing with the factors that have a positive or negative impact on successful aging. As we know, a higher level of physical activity and thus increased physical fitness sig-nificantly affect the quality of aging. One of the major problems in the elderly is the risks of falls. This age group is at high risk of injuries caused by falls. Analyses of aspects related to the falls revealed the significance of lower muscular tension, previous experience with falling, the bad stereotype of the walk, impaired balanced abilities, and so on. Purpose: In this study, we focused on the impact of different types of physical activity on walking as a vital everyday movement. Methods: Fortyfour older adults (Mage 69,09 years, SD 4,25; 22 male and 22 female) were randomly assigned to four groups, three training groups, and one control group; resistance training group, proprioceptive training group, endurance training group. The group consisted of seniors without a history of malignant disease during their life and without regular physical activity. All groups were tested on timed 10-meter walk test (10MWT), the 3-m backward walk (3MBW), and the 6-minute walk test (6MWD) at baseline, after 12 weeks and after 14 weeks (2 weeks after finishing intervention program). The 10MWT is used to assess walking speed over a short distance. The 3MBW is a test-close related fall risk. The 6MWD is a sub-maximal exercise test used to assess aerobic capacity and endurance. The distance covered over a time of 6 minutes is used as the outcome by which to compare changes in performance capacity. Results: We revealed differences between the types of exercises and the sustain-ability of the acquired skills. Results indicated significant improvements in gait speed in all ex-ercise groups. Subsequent measurements after a 14-day off indicated a slight deterioration trend in all groups. The resistance group showed the best results in the walk-back test. This group was the only one to maintain its standard also after 14-days off. All groups, including control, showed an improvement in aerobic capacity and endurance (measured by 6MWD). We found out differences between groups only after 14-day off. Conclusion: Our study confirmed the usefulness of performing targeted physical activity in older adults. Resistance and proprioceptive training has shown an important role in the pre-vention of falls.
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Saczalski, Kenneth J., Joseph Lawson Burton, Paul R. Lewis, Keith Friedman, and Todd K. Saczalski. "Study of Seat System Performance Related to Injury of Rear Seated Children and Infants in Rear Impacts." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-33517.
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Since 1996 the NHTSA has warned of the airbag deployment injury risk to front seated children and infants, during frontal impact, and they have recommended that children be placed in the rear seating areas of motor vehicles. However, during most rear impacts the adult occupied front seats will collapse into the rear occupant area and, as such, pose another potentially serious injury risk to the rear seated children and infants who are located on rear seats that are not likely to collapse. Also, in the case of higher speed rear impacts, intrusion of the occupant compartment may cause the child to be shoved forward into the rearward collapsing front seat occupant thereby increasing impact forces to the trapped child. This study summarizes the results of more than a dozen actual accident cases involving over 2-dozen rear-seated children, where 7 children received fatal injuries, and the others received injuries ranging from severely disabling to minor injury. Types of injuries include, among others: crushed skulls and brain damage; ruptured hearts; broken and bruised legs; and death by post-crash fires when the children became entrapped behind collapsed front seat systems. Several rear-impact crash tests, utilizing sled-bucks and vehicle-to-vehicle tests, are used to examine the effects of front seat strength and various types of child restraint systems, such as booster seats and child restraint seats (both forward and rearward facing), in relation to injury potential of rear seated children and infants. The tests utilized sedan and minivan type vehicles that were subjected to speed changes ranging from about 20 to 50 kph (12 to 30 mph), with an average G level per speed change of about 9 to 15. The results indicate that children and infants seated behind a collapsing driver seat, even in low severity rear impacts of less than 25 kph, encounter a high risk of serious or fatal injury, whether or not rear intrusion takes place. Children seated in other rear seat positions away from significant front seat collapse, such as behind the stronger “belt-integrated” types of front seats or rearward but in between occupied collapsing front seat positions, are less likely to be as seriously injured.
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Saczalski, Kenneth J., Mark C. Pozzi, and Joseph Lawson Burton. "Rear Seated Child Injury Risk Experimental Measures Related to Vehicle Front Seat Performance in Rear Impacts." In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-10390.
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Recent field accident statistical studies dealing with injury risk assessment of rear seated children in rear impacts indicated a doubling of AIS 2+ injuries when front seats deformed, and a 61 percent increase in fatal injury for rear-seated children, as compared to front-seated children, in rear impacts. Several interrelated factors, which influence child injury risk in rear impacts, were not evaluated in these field accident statistical studies. These factors include: rear-impact severity levels; front occupant sizes; front seat strength variations and protection levels; vehicle type; (i.e. minivan, sedan, etc.); rear child sizes; and, rear child restraint types. This current study uses an experimental “multi-variable” crash test approach, and “inferred statistical” methodology, to scientifically evaluate the several key factors that effect rear child injury risk in rear impacts. This “multi-variable” methodology was previously utilized by the authors for study of front-seated adult injury risk assessment. Various sizes of rear child surrogates (i.e. 6 month-old up to the 6 year-old Hybrid III size), located behind different sizes of front adult surrogates (i.e. small 50kg female up to larger male surrogates ballasted to 110kg) seated in different strength front seats, were dynamically tested at rear-impact severity speed change levels ranging from about 20 to 50 kph. Both sled-body-buck and full vehicle crash tests were used in this study. Front seat strength levels ranged from the weaker 3.2kN level for single recliner (SR) seats, without belts attached to the seatback, up to the stronger belt-integrated seat (BIS) levels of about 14.7kN. The study results demonstrate that, even absent rear crush intrusion, the easily deforming SR front seats pose a high risk of injury to the rear child, regardless of vehicle type, in contrast to stronger and safer BIS designs.
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Caballero Márquez, Jose Alonso, Andrés Mauricio Moreno Zarta, and Martha Liliana Torres Barreto. "Analysis of financial literacy in high school education: case of study Bucaramanga – Colombia." In INNODOCT 2021. Valencia: Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/inn2021.2021.13411.
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Financial literacy is well-known as a crucial skill today. Since an early age, people are exposed to the management of financial products and digital platforms, which have facilitated access to financial services. However, there is a prominent lack of knowledge about how to manage them wisely. The lack of financial knowledge and proper education in this regard boost people to make financial mistakes that finally impact their decision making process. For this reason, the teaching of financial issues has taken on an important role in the educational policies in many countries. This process is quite important for young people because it will provide them the proper tools to making the right decision about managing financial products and services in their adult life. Therefore, the present research aims to study the level of financial literacy among high school students. To this end, an internationally validated diagnostic tool was identified for determining the level of financial literacy, to establish a baseline as recommended by several authors. This tool was applied to high school students in the city of Bucaramanga (Colombia) and its metropolitan area. Higher education institutions involved contemplated in their Institutional Educational Project (PEI) a training in economics and finance to determine students’ levels of financial literacy. Based on the obtained results, the level of financial literacy of the students was assessed. The findings show the need to join forces in the implementation of financial education in Colombia, through the articulation of stakeholders in the development of a comprehensive educational program to achieve the desired objectives, as well as the important role of parents’ involvement in the implementation of these programs. Consequently, the research recommends the implementation of new policies to evaluate the performance of financial education in the country and its real effect on people’s knowledge and financial behavior.
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Saczalski, Kenneth J., Mark N. West, Todd K. Saczalski, Joseph L. Burton, and Mark C. Pozzi. "Football Helmet Energy Absorption Degradation and Impact Performance Resulting From High Humidity and Temperature." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-65226.
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The helmet is the primary means for providing head impact protection to adult and youth football players through use of energy absorbing (EA) materials placed in a crush zone located between the head and helmet shell. Ultimate safety performance of the helmet requires uniformly consistent, repeatable and reliable attenuation of the impact energy so as to minimize head injury potential throughout the helmet. However, quasi-static materials tests and dynamic helmet testing results, reported on herein, show that EA materials of current and older helmet designs are susceptible to large levels of EA degradation, or softening, when subjected to a “hot-wet” condition caused by high temperatures and high humidity, such as that produced from the sweat of a player. Depending on the size of the crush zone, and other factors, this condition can lead to increased head impact loads. The standard football helmet certification criteria do not address the issue of “hot-wet” EA degradation. Dynamic helmet testing analyzed in this study consisted of two methods. One method used the standard helmet certification approach where a human responding head form and helmet are dropped vertically, along a twin guide wire set-up, onto a soft rubber pad. The second method employed use of a human responding Hybrid-III head and neck that was incorporated into a free pendulum impact set-up where impact took place on a non-yielding surface and both direct contact impact injury potential and rotational injury aspects of the helmet performance were measured. The dynamic tests were conducted with various size head forms, energy levels, and impact speeds that ranged from the 5.5 m/s level, used in helmet certification, on up to higher speeds of 7.0 m/s that is more consistent with a “5-second 40-yard dash” speed. Based on equal kinetic energy impact comparisons, the two dynamic approaches showed that helmets that were impacted onto the soft elastomeric pad surface produced artificially lower indications of head injury severity than did the helmets tested against the non-yielding surface. The results also showed large variations and inconsistencies of impact attenuation within a specific helmet design, depending on impact location or region being tested. Also, dynamic impact testing was applied with both ambient and 3-hour “hot-wet” soak conditions applied to the EA padding of adult and youth helmets. These results showed that the relatively newer EA pad designs and the older type elastomeric foam EA pads were sensitive to “hot-wet” degradation for soak times as low as 3-hours, which is consistent with game or practice time situations. Finally, as noted above, it was shown that, depending on the size of the crush zone, this EA degradation factor could lead to increased head loads and injury severity measures. The results suggest the need for additional research on the above to enhance helmet safety.
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Saczalski, Kenneth J., Sriringham Kumaresan, Anthony Sances, Joseph Lawson Burton, and Paul R. Lewis. "An Experimental Method for Multi-Variable Analysis of Vehicle Safety Systems and Application to Front Seats and Rear Occupant Interaction in Rear Impacts." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-60785.
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This study presents a combined experimental-analytical method for test efficient, and cost effective, multi-variable analysis of safety system performance related to occupant injury potential analyzed over wide parameter ranges. Experimental techniques such as the “two-level factorial” method, in combination with sled-buck test set-ups (that match vehicle crash characteristics), are applied to demonstrate the technique for front seat performance as it relates to injury potential of the front occupant and rear seated children during rear impacts. The surrogate data from the above test method is combined into a “polynomial response function,” such as HIC, which is developed as a function of the many variables, and allows for analytical “interpolation and extrapolation” at variable combinations not tested. A minimum of 4 test combinations are used to establish the “polynomial injury curves” as functions of two variables (i.e. impact severity and front occupant weight) for a given seat type. Inclusion of a third variable for evaluation of “seat strength effects” can be accomplished with a minimum of 8 test combinations for the factorial method. Both front adult and rear child interactions are studied. Three year-old H-III surrogates are used for the study of rear child passengers. Plots of test generated “polynomial” multi-variable HIC level curves for the front adult and rear child surrogates are presented as functions of impact severity and front occupant weight, for various seat types. Accident case head injury data of rear-seated children is used to verify the experimental-analytical method.
Reports on the topic "Adult Performance Level Study (APL)"
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Patston, L. L. M., A. N. Henry, M. McEwen, J. Mannion, and L. A. Ewens-Volynkina. Thinking While Standing: An exploratory study on the effect of standing on cognitive performance. Unitec ePress, September 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.34074/ocds.32017.
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Sedentary behaviour is extremely prevalent in Western societies and is significantly associated with an elevated risk of all-cause mortality that cannot be mitigated by physical activity. The introduction of standing desks into the workplace offers a solution to this inactivity, but there is limited investigation regarding the effects of standing on cognition, which is a major consideration in much office-based work. In this study we aimed to provide an exploratory investigation on the effect on cognitive performance of standing while working. We tested 30 office-based adults on a battery of 19 cognitive tasks (tapping five cognitive domains) in a randomised, repeatedmeasures crossover design study. Two conditions (standing versus sitting) were investigated over two 7.5-hour work days including morning, midday and afternoon sessions (Time of Day). Effects were analysed using multivariate two-way repeated-measures ANOVAs (Condition by Time of Day) for five cognitive domains. Overall, after correcting for multiple comparisons, there were no differences in performance between sitting and standing. At an uncorrected level, however, significant effects of Condition were found in three of the 19 tasks, with all demonstrating better performance while standing. Importantly, these results suggest that there is no detriment to cognitive performance through standing. They also provide an initial indication that there may be cognitive benefits of standing in the attention and working memory domains, which may be a promising avenue for future inquiry.
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Tamburini, Andrea, Arkadiusz Wiśniowski, and Dilek Yildiz. BAYESIAN MULTI-DIMENSIONAL MORTALITY RECONSTRUCTION. Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, January 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/0x003eb05e.
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Even though mortality differentials by socio-economic status and educational attainment level have been widely examined, this research is often limited to developed countries and recent years. This is primarily due to the absence of consistently good-quality inherent data. Systematic studies with a broad geographical and temporal spectrum that engage with the link between educational attainment and mortality are lacking. In this paper, we propose a mortality rates reconstruction model based on multiple patchy data sources, and provide mortality rates by level of education. The proposed model is a hierarchical Bayesian model that combines the strengths of multiple sources in order to disaggregate mortality rates by time periods, age groups, sex and educational attainment. We apply the model in a case study that includes 13 countries across South-East Europe, Western Asia and North Africa, and calculate education-specific mortality rates for five-year age groups starting at age 15 for the 1980-2015 time period. Furthermore, we evaluate the model’s performance relying on standard convergence indicators and trace plots, and validate our estimates via posterior predictive checks. This study contributes to the literature by proposing a novel methodology to enhance the research on the relationship between education and adult mortality. It addresses the lack of educationspecific mortality differentials by providing a flexible method for their estimation.