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Bellare, Yamini, Rinat Michael, Lawrence H. Gerstein, Rachel Gali Cinamon, Ashley Hutchison, TaeSun Kim, and Yuri Choi. "Future Perceptions of U.S. and Israeli Young Male Adults." Journal of Career Development 46, no. 4 (March 25, 2018): 351–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0894845318763956.
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Future perceptions consist of an individual’s ambition, view of future events, and plan for life domains. Such perceptions can predict and shape a person’s career development and motivate to pursue and achieve goals in different life roles. Research on emerging adults’ perceptions has important implications for career professionals assisting this population. In this study, the authors investigated the future perceptions of 49 U.S. and 39 Israeli emerging adult university males using thematic analysis. Participants’ responses represented an array of topics and were grouped into the following themes: (a) work, (b) family and relationships, (c) education, (d) material and monetary assets, (e) location, (f) leisure, and (g) general quality of life. Results suggested that culture could be important in how emerging adult males envision their future lives and roles. Recommendations for how career educators and counselors can implement the findings in their work with U.S. and Israeli college students are discussed.
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Hossain, MD Golam, Pete E. Lestrel, and Fumio Ohtsuki. "Secular changes in head dimensions of Japanese adult male students over eight decades." HOMO 55, no. 3 (February 2005): 239–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jchb.2003.04.001.
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Parash, M. Tanveer Hossain, Humaira Naushaba, Md Ashfaqur Rahman, and Sadia Choudhury Shimmi. "Photographic Estimation of Arch Height of Adult Bangladeshi Male." Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy 10, no. 2 (December 7, 2013): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bja.v10i2.17284.
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Context: The height of the medial longitudinal arch of the foot is commonly thought to be a predisposing factor to injuries. High-arched runners exhibit more bony, ankle and lateral injuries but low-arched runners reveal a higher risk of soft tissue, knee and medial injuries. Moreover high-arched and low-arched people have greater rearfoot eversion excursions than those with normal arch structure. So, it is important to have relatively easy and reliable way to measure the height of foot arch. The most reliable and valid way of measuring the foot arch is by the arch height index measurement system (AHIMS). The AHIMS can be costly to buy or construct for a third world country like Bangladesh. An alternative idea developed recently involved the use of digital photography to assess the arch height. Study design: Cross sectional, analytical type of study. Place and period of the study: Department of Anatomy, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka from July 2010 to June 2011. Materials and Method: A total number of 110 medical students of 3rd and 4th year were chosen by purposive sampling. Results: The values of arch height were 6.04 cm to 8.78 cm in sitting position and 4.83 cm to 7.03 cm in standing position respectively. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bja.v10i2.17284 Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy, July 2012, Vol. 10 No. 2 pp 59-62
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Fix, Gerald A., and Charles Schaefer. "Note on Psychometric Properties of Playfulness Scales with Adolescents." Psychological Reports 96, no. 3_suppl (June 2005): 993–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.96.3c.993-994.
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105 female and 85 male high school students completed two scales designed to measure playfulness, the Playfulness Scale for Adults and the Adult Playfulness Scale, and two scales designed to measure creativity, the Similes Test and The Franck Drawing Completion Test. The playfulness scales exhibited high internal consistency and good construct validity. Cronbach alpha was .84 for the Playfulness Scale for Adults and .88 for the Adult Playfulness Scale, and split-half reliability was .79 (Spearman-Brown) and .79 (Guttman) for the Adult Playfulness Scale and .87 (Spearman-Brown) and .86 (Guttman) for the Playfulness Scale for Adults. 2-wk. test-retest reliability for the Playfulness Scale for Adults was .89, which compared favorably to the test-retest reliability of .84 previously reported for the Adult Playfulness Scale.
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Majumder, Amita, and Chayanika Mitra. "Gender bias in household education expenditure: the case of West Bengal." Indian Growth and Development Review 9, no. 2 (November 14, 2016): 129–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/igdr-04-2016-0018.
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Purpose This paper aims to detect gender bias in education expenditure on “students”, who are children and young adults, in a household in the rural and the urban sectors of West Bengal. Outlay equivalent ratios have been calculated using the Engel curve approach, where the budget share function is log quadratic in income, to identify items relating exclusively to education of school/college going students. Heckman’s (1979) two-step procedure is used for estimation to address selection bias The 68th round (July 2011 to June 2012) household level consumption expenditure survey data of the National Sample Survey Organisation have been used for the analysis. Design/methodology/approach Engel curve approach is used to capture parental preference for student’s welfare and to find the existence of male student favouritism in the field of education. In case of exclusive adult goods, the addition of a student will reduce the resource allocated for adult goods leading to negative income effect. If a household favours males over females, then that household is likely to sacrifice more for a male student’s education than that for a female student. To address selection bias, Heckman’s two-step procedure has been used. Findings The authors find that not all education items relate exclusively to students of a household. Expenditure on books is not exclusively for students, whereas other educational items, such as stationary and photocopy charges, tuition fees and private coaching fees, are found to be students’ items only. Transport cost is found to be an adult good. Further, we find evidence of pro male bias in expenditure on educational items, and the extent of gender bias is more in the urban sectors compared to the rural sectors in West Bengal. Originality/value The objective of this paper is to identify the educational items exclusively for “students” and to test the difference in the allocation of resources in education, with respect to these items, between a male student and a female student for both sectors in West Bengal, using the outlay equivalent ratios.
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Abou-Dahech, Tala, and Rodney Gabel. "Vocational Stereotyping of People Who Stutter: Human Resource Management Students." Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups 5, no. 5 (October 23, 2020): 1139–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_persp-20-00003.
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Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate whether human resource management (HR) students report negative vocational stereotypes of people who stutter (PWS). Though past research has explored how a variety of population groups perceived career choices for PWS, no studies have explored the perceptions that HR students hold regarding career options for PWS. Method An online questionnaire using the Vocational Advice Scale) was completed by 220 students pursuing a degree in HR or related fields at the University of Toledo. The Vocational Advice Scale has been used often to explore career advice and vocational stereotyping of PWS. It consists of 43 career choices ranked by participants from strongly disagree to highly disagree on advice given to an adult male who stutters. Results The study found that the participants were less likely to advise an adult male who stutters to pursue 42 of the 43 careers, when compared with advice given for an adult male who does not stutter. Participants reported that the lowest rated careers were judge, speech-language pathologists, and attorney. This finding supports the notion that PWS suffer from role entrapment, in that there appear to be limitations in the types of careers viewed to be appropriate and that careers rated lowest appear to be those that require high levels of communication. Conclusions The findings suggest the presence of role entrapment in this group of students. Future research might consider using different research approaches, including qualitative studies, when studying role entrapment by HR students and professionals.
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Rennison, Callie Marie, and Lynn A. Addington. "Comparing Violent Victimization Experiences of Male and Female College-Attending Emerging Adults." Violence Against Women 24, no. 8 (September 19, 2017): 952–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077801217724919.
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Despite increased attention to college student victimization, gaps remain. In particular, relatively little is known about violence against males and females outside sexual and intimate partner violence. This study uses data from the National Crime Victimization Survey to compare male and female students’ violent victimization overall as well as relational and sexual violence. Findings reveal gendered differences and similarities. Results have implications for policies to prevent violence and support victims. Implications for victim services are particularly relevant given the critical developmental period for college students learning coping skills that shape their adult lives and addressing harms resulting from violent victimization.
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Beer, Carole T., and Gordon G. Darkenwald. "Gender Differences in Adult Student Perceptions of College Classroom Social Environments." Adult Education Quarterly 40, no. 1 (September 1989): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074171368904000104.
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Adult male and female students’ perceptions of classroom social environments (climates) were compared on the Relationship dimensions of Affiliation and Involvement as measured by the Adult Classroom Environment Scale. Data were collected from 439 adult students enrolled at an urban community college. Theoretically grounded hypotheses were tested using the general linear model procedure. As predicted, women perceived more affiliation and a greater degree of involvement in the classroom than did men. Implications of the findings for future research and the teaching-learning transaction are discussed.
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Atinmo, T., C. M. F. Mbofung, M. A. Hussain, and B. O. Osotimehin. "Human protein requirements: obligatory urinary and faecal nitrogen losses and the factorial estimation of protein needs of Nigerian male adults." British Journal of Nutrition 54, no. 3 (November 1985): 605–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19850147.
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1. The present study was designed to use the factorial approach to estimate protein requirements of Nigerian male adults by measuring obligatory nitrogen losses via urine, faeces and sweat when N intake was very low and energy intake adequate.2. Eight adult men from Osegere village near Ibadan and seven medical students from the University of Ibadan, who volunteered to participate as subjects in the study, were given a low-protein diet (based on staple foods habitually consumed by subjects) for 10 d. Mean daily total protein intake was 4.68 g while that of energy was 0.2 MJ/kg body-weight. After an initial 5 d adaptation period, 24 h urine and faeces were collected in marked containers for five consecutive days for N determination. N losses from the skin were also determined in the village adults.3. Mean daily urinary, faecal and sweat N losses (mg N/kg body-weight) were 45.88 (SD 4.84), 21.79 (SD4.19), and 7.46 (SD1.71) from the village adults. The corresponding urinary and faecal N losses from the university students were 43.45 (SD 2.28) and 18.32 (SD4.66) (sweat N loss not measured). Thus the total daily obligatory N losses (per kg body-weight) from the village adults and university students were 75.13 and 69.23 mg N respectively (assuming a sweat N loss of 7.46 mg for the university students). After adjusting for requirement and making a 30% allowance for individual variability, the safe level of protein intake was calculated to be 0.78 and 0.73 g protein/kg body-weight for the village men and university students respectively.4. These values suggest that the Joint FAO/WHO ad hoc Expert Committee (1973) safe allowance of 0.57 g egg protein/kg per d is not sufficient for most young adults in this environment when energy intake is adequate.
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Hussain, Muhammad Sabboor, Khaled B. Albesher, and Aisha Farid. "Teachers' Error Treatment Practices and Perceptions in Teaching English to Adult EFL Learners in Saudi Arabia: A Gender-Based Qualitative Study." Global Regional Review V, no. I (March 30, 2020): 290–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/.2020(v-i).32.
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This paper explores error treatment practices in teaching English to Saudi adult English Language learners. In this genderbased qualitative study, thirty-six male and twenty-four female teachers were interviewed, using Hendrickson's (1978) theoretical framework to analyze learners' error treatment practices by EFL teachers. No significant difference in the male and female teachers was found in their perception of the students' errors, reasons and ways to correct students' errors and their perceptions of the backwash effect of the error correction. However, female teachers find a lack of student motivation as a major cause of errors. The study has also explored some unreflective and unprofessional error treatment practices that urge the need for regular training for the teachers to make them aware of the psychological dimensions of error treatment practices. The study recommends the transformation of the traditional style of teaching into coaching to give professional, reflective, and effective treatment to adult EFL/ESL learners' errors.
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Hussain, Muhammad Sabboor, Khaled B. Albesher, and Aisha Farid. "Teachers' Error Treatment Practices and Perceptions in Teaching English to Adult EFL Learners in Saudi Arabia: A Gender-Based Qualitative Study." Global Regional Review V, no. I (March 30, 2020): 290–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/grr.2020(v-i).32.
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This paper explores error treatment practices in teaching English to Saudi adult English Language learners. In this genderbased qualitative study, thirty-six male and twenty-four female teachers were interviewed, using Hendrickson's (1978) theoretical framework to analyze learners' error treatment practices by EFL teachers. No significant difference in the male and female teachers was found in their perception of the students' errors, reasons and ways to correct students' errors and their perceptions of the backwash effect of the error correction. However, female teachers find a lack of student motivation as a major cause of errors. The study has also explored some unreflective and unprofessional error treatment practices that urge the need for regular training for the teachers to make them aware of the psychological dimensions of error treatment practices. The study recommends the transformation of the traditional style of teaching into coaching to give professional, reflective, and effective treatment to adult EFL/ESL learners' errors.
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Geusens, Femke, Cabral A. Bigman-Galimore, and Kathleen Beullens. "A cross-cultural comparison of the processes underlying the associations between sharing of and exposure to alcohol references and drinking intentions." New Media & Society 22, no. 1 (July 3, 2019): 49–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461444819860057.
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This study is among the first to cross-culturally compare the associations between social media use and emerging adults’ drinking behavior in an accepting (Belgium) and comparatively restricted (USA) Western drinking culture. A cross-sectional survey was administered among 770 college students ( nUSA = 253, 24% male; nBelgium = 487, 34% male) aged 18–20 years. Structural equation modeling was used and demonstrated that the association between exposure to others’ alcohol-related content on social media and drinking intentions operated similarly via more positive descriptive and injunctive norms for both populations, whereas the association between self-sharing and drinking intentions operated similarly via more positive attitudes. However, only among Belgian students was sharing alcohol references also related to drinking intentions through descriptive norms. Overall, this study points to the generalizability of attitudes and social norms as mechanisms of alcohol-related social media (self-)effects among emerging adult college students across Western drinking cultures.
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Jumaian, A. "Prevalence and long-term impact of child sexual abuse among a sample of male college students in Jordan." Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 7, no. 3 (September 15, 2001): 435–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.26719/2001.7.3.435.
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Theprevalence of the contact form of child sexual abuse [CSA] among a sample of male college students in Jordan was examined. The relationship between CSA and adult mental health was also assessed. The experiences of 100 male college students 18-20 years of age were assessed individually with two questionnaires, the Arabic version of the General Health Questionnaire and the Arabic translation of a self-administered questionnaire for the contact form of CSA. Regarding prevalence, 27% of the students had a history of CSA before 14 years. Those who had experienced CSA had more mental health problems than those who had not.
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Delli, Konstantina, Christos Livas, and Michael M. Bornstein. "Lateral incisor agenesis, canine impaction and characteristics of supernumerary teeth in a South European male population." European Journal of Dentistry 07, no. 03 (July 2013): 278–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1305-7456.115410.
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ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the prevalence of lateral incisor agenesis impacted canines and supernumerary teeth in a young adult male population. Materials and Methods: The panoramic radiographs of 1745 military students (mean age: 18.6 ± 0.52 years) who attended the Center of Aviation Medicine of the Armed Forces of Greece during the period 1997-2011 were initially analyzed for lateral incisor agenesis by two observers. After exclusion of the known orthodontic cases, a subgroup of 1636 examinees (mean age: 18.6 ± 0.44 years) was evaluated for canine impaction and supernumerary teeth. Results: Twenty-eight missing lateral incisors were observed in 22 military students, indicating an incidence of 1.3% in the investigated population. No lateral incisor agenesis was detected in the mandibular arch. A prevalence rate of 0.8% was determined for canine impaction in the sample of young adults. The majority of impacted teeth (86.7%) were diagnosed in the maxillary arch. Thirty-five supernumerary teeth were observed in 24 examinees (prevalence rate: 1.5%). The ratio of supernumerary teeth located in the maxilla versus the mandible was 2.2:1. The most common type of supernumerary tooth was the upper distomolar. Conclusion: The prevalence of lateral incisor agenesis, canine impaction, and supernumerary teeth ranged from 0.8 to 1.5% in the sample of male Greek military students.
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Liu, Meihua. "L2 Motivation, Demographic Variables, and Chinese Proficiency among Adult Learners of Chinese." Journal of Language and Education 6, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 120–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/jle.2020.10341.
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The present research explored L2 motivation, demographic variables and Chinese proficiency among adult learners of Chinese as a second language. A total of 83 international students studying in a Chinese university in Beijing answered the 54-item L2MSS questionnaire and a Demographic Questionnaire. Analyses of the data revealed the following findings: a) the L2MSS scales were significantly highly related to one another and highly reliable, b) ideal L2 self was significantly correlated with gender and the number of foreign languages learned (NFLL); integrativeness was significantly positively related to NFLL, c) the whole sample, as well as male and female participants, scored high on all L2MSS scales and had (great) motivation to study Chinese, d) female respondents held significantly more favorable perceptions of their ideal selves than their male peers, and e) L2SSM had no predictive effect or interactive effect with demographic variables on the students’ Chinese proficiency. Nevertheless, length of stay in China and gender proved to be powerful positive predictors for the latter. Evidently, the L2MSS scales are important dimensions of L2 motivation and closely related to second/foreign language learning. Understandably, it is necessary to continuously explore, understand and enhance students’ L2 motivation.
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Hassan, Moshood Ayinde. "Staffing and Managing Human Resources of Higher Degree Programme of Adult Education for Inclusiveness in Universities in Nigeria." American International Journal of Education and Linguistics Research 3, no. 1 (March 17, 2020): 18–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.46545/aijelr.v3i1.139.
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The status accorded to adult education among universities-based educators and researchers appears to be very low. This may be due to scanty knowledge about the discipline and wrong perception held by the bureaucrats, policy makers and administrators within and outside the university system. The Hamburg Declaration in 1997 underscores the importance of adult education when it describes it as a key to the twenty-first century. Realising the fact that adult education is needed in this 21st century, it follows that provision of higher degree programme should be well staffed and properly managed in order to produce learners that will contribute meaningfully to the development of the society. Therefore, this study entitled: “staffing and managing human resources of higher degree programme of adult education in universities in Nigeria” is embarked upon. The aim of the study is to improve human and institutional capacity for required manpower in adult education for national development. The objectives of the study include: to identify and discuss framework for staffing higher degree programme in adult education in Nigerian universities; to find out how human resources for production of higher degrees students are sourced and managed; to assess framework for ensuring inclusiveness in managing higher degree adult education programme in universities; to explore strategies that can be employed to make adult education popular and acceptable among educators and researchers in universities; to explore motivational factors for students' enrollment in adult education higher degree programme; and to examine learning delivery techniques of lecturers/faculty in higher degree programme of adult education. The work employed research design of the survey type. Seven federal and state universities offering adult education at higher degree level were sampled. Statistical instruments were employed to analyse the data collected. All the results were decided at point 05 level of confidence with appropriate degree of freedom. The study revealed that 86.3% of the respondents opined that lack of understanding of the concept of adult education prevented people from enrolling into the course in the university, while 13.7% felt otherwise. Majority of the respondents (89.8%) held that Universities in Nigeria do not discriminate against any sex (male or female) when admitting students for any education programme including adult education, while 10.2% did not. There is significant difference in the perception of staff and students on the framework that can be used for staffing higher degree programme in adult education in Nigerian universities (X2=2.882, df=3, p > .05). There was no significant difference in the perception of staff and students on how human resources are sourced and managed for production of higher degree students in adult education programme (X2=3.741, df=3, p > .05). There was a significant difference in the perception of staff and students on learning delivery techniques of lecturers/faculty in higher degree programme of adult education (X2=9.336, df=3, p < .05). It is recommended that efforts should be made by the stakeholders to popularise the discipline of adult education with a view to making people to understand its meaning and usefulness to the growth of the society. Adequate budgetary allocation should be made by the owner universities to adult education so as to attract qualified staff, regular payment of salaries and comprehensive welfare programme.
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Negm, DoaaR, AbeerA Sonbul, ElhamA Bantan, HasanS Bukhari, ShahdM Basalamah, AbdulrahmanM Basfar, and MarahS Mandourah. "ASSESS THE EFFICIENCY OF MARJORAM ON WEIGHT CONTROL AND BODY COMPOSITION OF MALE AND FEMALE ADULT STUDENTS." International Journal of Advanced Research 5, no. 3 (March 31, 2017): 1898–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/3708.
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LaJoie, A. Scott, Jelani C. Kerr, Richard D. Clover, and Diane M. Harper. "Influencers and preference predictors of HPV vaccine uptake among US male and female young adult college students." Papillomavirus Research 5 (June 2018): 114–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pvr.2018.03.007.
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Alnawaiseh, Nedal, Arwa Rawashdeh, Samar Salahat, and Salma Ajarmeh. "Respiratory Symptoms, Knowledge and Attitude among Male Smoker Students in Mutah University, Jordan." Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal 11, no. 4 (November 29, 2018): 1947–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bpj/1567.
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Smoking phenomenon has become one of the leading public health burdens. Smoking prevalence among university students in Jordan was unexpectedly elevated, with a lot of serious respiratory consequences like respiratory symptoms, diseases and lung function impairment. The chief purpose of this study was to assess the adverse respiratory health impact of smoking, also to evaluate student’s attitudes toward and knowledge about smoking habit among Mutah university male students. A cross sectional design was chosen. Using a randomly selected, cluster sampling technique at Mutah University students including all colleges and levels, the total participants were 204 male students (Jordanian). A per-designed questionnaire was used to collect information adopted from Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS), and anthropometrics measurements and lung function indices following the standard recommendations (ATS). Health indicators were calculated. Data were analyzed using SPSS (ver.22). A higher, shocking prevalence was identified (71%); adverse respiratory health effects were noticed, in addition to pulmonary function tests impairments, other important findings were poor knowledge of the study participants about smoking hazards, and positive attitude toward smoking. The smoking rate among male university students was very high; nevertheless most of them have short duration of smoking the respiratory health impact was noticed. Most of current smokers (male students) have the desire to quit smoking. Antismoking campaign was highly recommended among Jordanian university students In order to encourage a smoking free life style, additionally leisure time activities should be incorporated.
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Pullar, Juliet, Anitra Carr, Stephanie Bozonet, and Margreet Vissers. "High Vitamin C Status Is Associated with Elevated Mood in Male Tertiary Students." Antioxidants 7, no. 7 (July 16, 2018): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox7070091.
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Micronutrient status is thought to impact on psychological mood due to the role of nutrients in brain structure and function. The aim of the current study was to investigate the association of vitamin C status with mood state in a sample of male tertiary students. We measured fasting plasma vitamin C levels as an indicator of vitamin C status, and subjective mood was determined using the Profile of Mood States (POMS) questionnaire. One hundred and thirty-nine male students aged 18 to 35 years were recruited from local tertiary institutes in Christchurch, New Zealand. The average plasma vitamin C concentration was 58.2 ± 18.6 (SD) µmol/L and the average total mood disturbance score was 25.5 ± 26.6 (possible score −32 to 200 measuring low to high mood disturbance, respectively). Plasma vitamin C concentration was inversely correlated with total mood disturbance as assessed by POMS (r = −0.181, p < 0.05). Examination of the individual POMS subscales also showed inverse associations of vitamin C status with depression, confusion, and anger. These findings suggest that high vitamin C status may be associated with improved overall mood in young adult males.
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Shirin, Lubna, Humaira Naushaba, Mohammad Shahjahan Kabir, SM Niazur Rahman, Tahmida Yasmin, Tanbira Alam, and Md Faruque. "Study of External Measurements of Heart in Adult Bangladeshi Population." University Heart Journal 10, no. 2 (December 28, 2015): 78–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/uhj.v10i2.26125.
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The knowledge regarding normal physical measurement of heart is very important for proper diagnosis and management of various cardiac diseases. Heart disease is a predominant cause of disability and death among all industrialized nations. This study is to establish a standard data of different external parameters of heart of adult Bangladeshi population. The study was conducted at Department of Anatomy, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka from July 2009 to December 2009. The formalin fixed cadaveric 60 (sixty) (n=60) human hearts, 41 (forty one) male and 19 (nineteen) female were taken. The length, breadth and weight of the heart were measured and the data was analyzed statistically. The mean value of the length of the heart in male was 10.35±0.62 cm and female was 10.22±0.90 cm. The mean value of the breadth of the heart was 7.45±0.73 cm and 7.35±0.65 cm in male and female respectively. The mean value of the weight of the heart was 174.15±15.49 gm in male, where as for female the mean was 171.58±19.16 gm. The comparison of values of above mentioned variables between male and female were done by unpaired students test and it was statistically not significant.University Heart Journal Vol. 10, No. 2, July 2014; 78-80
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Selkow, Paula. "Male/Female Differences in Mathematical Ability: A Function of Biological Sex or Perceived Gender Role?" Psychological Reports 57, no. 2 (October 1985): 551–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1985.57.2.551.
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The effects of sex referents in test items and subjects' perceived gender roles were assessed in an attempt to explain sex differences in mathematics performance. The arithmetic subtest of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) was administered to 50 male and 145 female college students. Test items were experimentally manipulated so that their orientation was either masculine, feminine, or neutral. Participants were randomly assigned to each group. No significant differences in performance were found. The Bern Sex-role Inventory was used to classify subjects as either masculine, androgynous, or undifferentiated. Irrespective of biological sex, masculine-oriented subjects performed significantly better on the WAIS arithmetic subtest than feminine oriented subjects. No other significant differences were noted. It was concluded that, for adults, personality variables appear to be a more salient factor than biological sex in explaining differences in basic mathematical skill performance.
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Beckwith, J. B. "GENDER STEREOTYPES AND MENTAL HEALTH REVISITED." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 21, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 85–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.1993.21.1.85.
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The work of Broverman, Braverman, Clarkson, Rosenkrantz, & Vogel (1970) on gender and judgments of mental health was revisited with 75 student nurses. Health-illness differences were explored in addition to male-female-adult differences. The average age of students was 20.9 years, and 89% were female. The results were different from those of Broverman and colleagues. Images of the healthy male, female, and generic adult were similar. Differences perceived overall between health and illness were more substantial than gender differences. Gender differences which did occur reflected gender stereotypes, but were unflattering to masculinity. The image of the healthy generic adult had more in common with healthy femaleness than with healthy maleness. Possible explanations for the findings are presented.
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Carvalho, Joana, and Ana Sá. "Male College Students Using Sexually Aggressive Strategies: Findings on the Interpersonal Relationship Profile." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 35, no. 3-4 (January 30, 2017): 646–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260516689779.
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Limited interpersonal skills and relationship deficits are recognized as risk factors for sexual aggression as committed by convicted sexual offenders. Yet, less severe forms of sexual aggression are frequently perpetrated by nonforensic samples, including highly educated samples. This study was aimed at characterizing a sample of male college students reporting sexually aggressive strategies as a means to initiate sexual intercourse according to a set of interpersonal relationship factors, thus extending the knowledge on the role of interpersonal dimensions to the distinct contexts of sexual violence. Three hundred eight male college students completed a web survey assessing adult attachment styles, intimacy perception, interpersonal style, and psychosocial adjustment. Findings showed that 162 students (>50%) reported to have used some form of sexually aggressive strategy against women to initiate sexual contact. After controlling for the effects of social desirability, participants reporting sexually aggressive strategies presented significantly less confidence trusting others, more lack of perceived personal validation (within relationships), a more aggressive interpersonal style, and higher levels of hostility. Findings suggest that sexual violence, as measured in the context of college samples, may have an interpersonal nature, reflecting deficient social and intimacy skills; preventive programs are thus expected to enhance interpersonal relationship strategies as well as target individuals’ perceived interpersonal vulnerability.
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Day-Vines, Norma L., and Veronica Terriquez. "A Strengths-Based Approach to Promoting Prosocial Behavior among African American and Latino Students." Professional School Counseling 12, no. 2 (December 2008): 2156759X0801200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2156759x0801200204.
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This article presents an overview of a strengths-based school discipline initiative that was developed in response to the high suspension and expulsion rates of African American and Latino male students at a racially diverse, urban high school in California. A school task force made up of adult and youth stakeholders devised a series of interventions that included student-led efforts to improve discipline policies and procedures. The initiative builds on the Strengths-Based School Counseling framework explicated by Galassi and Akos (2007), which stimulates and promotes personal accountability, leadership, resiliency, self-management, and social competence in students as opposed to merely reducing student deficits.
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Rismiyanto, Mursid Saleh, Januarius Mujiyanto, and Warsono. "The Effectiveness of Andragogically Oriented Teaching Method to Improve the Male Students’ Achievement of Teaching Practice." English Language Teaching 11, no. 2 (January 18, 2018): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/elt.v11n2p113.
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Students at universities are still frequently found to have low independency in learning. Besides, lecturers also still have tendency to treat students as if they were young learners, or in other words, the lecturers still use pedagogically oriented teaching methods (POTM); although they claimed themselves to have applied methods of teaching orienting to the characteristics of adult learners or andragogically oriented teaching methods (AOTM). This also happens to the students at English Education Department of Muria Kudus University (EED MKU), and affects their achievement of language leaning, in particular theirs of teaching practice. Some schools in which the students conduct teaching internship consider that the students’ achievement of teaching is still less satisfactory, and they tend to be less creative and less independent in preparing the teaching, particularly related to the use of instructional skills of teachnig, such the use of classroom language and the use of things neeeded in teaching as media of teaching. This is a quantitative study involving 87 students joining Speaking for Instructional Purposes (SIP) classes at EED MKU. The instruments used are pre and post tests of teaching practice in SIP classes.This study aims to compare the effectiveness of implementing AOTM and POTM to improve the female and the male students’ achievement of teaching practice. The results reveal that AOTM is more effectively implemented to improve the male students than the female ones.
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Pouladian, Nima, Mohammad Sadegh Bagheri, and Firooz Sadighi. "An Analysis of Errors in Writing Skill of Adult Iranian EFL Learners Preparing for the IELTS." International Journal of English Linguistics 7, no. 3 (February 9, 2017): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v7n3p85.
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This study sought to examine the sort, frequency, and sources of writing wrongs committed by adult Iranian EFL students. To score the participants’ written essays and speaking interviews, the four criteria specified for the IELTS Speaking and Writing Band Scores (British Council, 2014) were taken into consideration. The study also tried to comparatively analyze the error categories made by men and women learners regarding the type and frequency of their linguistic errors. To gather the information, from the population of faculty members at Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences (HUMS) in Bandarabbas, Iran, 100 adults, both male and female, with their age ranging from 31 to 52, were selected using convenient sampling. Based on their previous IELTS band scores ranging from 4 to 6, the members are separated into three groups.The results of data analysis revealed that verb tense was the very common grammatical mistake done by members in all three groups. For the cohesion and coherence and lexical sub-categories, relative clauses and incorrect use of target lexical item were regarded as the most common categories of errors. Outcomes of Chi-Square analyses also showed substantial differences among errors committed by participants in different groups. Finally, the comparison between male and female participants’ errors revealed that male participants made both written and spoken errors more than females. According to the results, recommendations, and any suggestions that are of importance to teachers and policymakers as well as to EFL learners are presented in detail.
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Bashir, Muhammad Usman, Muhammad Imran, and Amjad Ali. "ENERGY DRINKS ON CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM." Professional Medical Journal 25, no. 11 (November 10, 2018): 1717–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/18.4496.
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Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the short term effectsof energy drinks on the cardiovascular system and physical performance of healthy adult malemedical students. Study Design: Experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: This studywas conducted at the Physiology departments of CMH Multan Institute of Medical Sciences,Multan and Continental Medical College, Lahore from February 2017 to April 2017. Subjectsand Methods: Sixty eight healthy, adult, male medical students participated in this study. Eachday, heart rates and blood pressures of 3 to 4 students were measured and then the testsof physical performance (hand grip test and 300 meter run test) were performed (“pre-test”measurements). After that, each student drank 250 mL of a standard energy drink and thenrested for about 30 minutes, after which post-test measurements were recorded in the sameway. Changes in various parameters, before and after the consumption of energy drink werecompared using the student’s t-test. Results: The cardiac parameters (heart rate & bloodpressure) of the students increased significantly after using the energy drink (p-value < 0.05).Mean±SD hand grip of the students increased from 44.97±3.96 Kg to 45.14±3.99 Kg afterconsuming the energy drink, but this increase was not significant (p-value = 0.667). Similarly,the mean±SD time of “300 meter run test” decreased from 68.28±3.40 seconds to 67.93±4.47seconds after the consumption of the energy drink, but this was also non-significant (p-value= 0.448). Conclusion: We observed significant increase in heart rate and blood pressure ofthe study subjects, while no significant enhancement was seen in the physical performance ofhealthy adult male medical students, 30 minutes after consuming the energy drinks.
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Kruse, Adam J., Robin Giebelhausen, Heather N. Shouldice, and Andrea L. Ramsey. "Male and Female Photographic Representation in 50 Years of Music Educators Journal." Journal of Research in Music Education 62, no. 4 (December 17, 2014): 485–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022429414555910.
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Considering the potential for stereotypes to shape professional expectations, the four researchers in this study investigated photographic representation of adult men and women in implied positions of authority in 50 years (1962–2011) of issues of Music Educators Journal ( MEJ). Data included every photograph ( N = 7,288) of adults conducting, teaching or presenting, or granted the authority of having their picture labeled with their name (named persons), and were analyzed by year over the 50-year period. Results showed that females composed 28% of these photographs, with the largest representation of females being found in the teaching/presenting category (56%) and markedly smaller representations of females found in the conducting (21%) and named persons (20%) categories. Fluctuations in certain categories across the five decades suggest that while representation of males and females in MEJ has changed in 50 years, inequity persists. Implications include a call for greater attention and effort toward equitable representation in music education media for publishers, authors, and other contributors in addition to increased sensitivity to the representations of male and female stereotypes and professional expectations encountered by music educators and students.
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Dawson, K., and S. Nic Gabhainn. "Age of First Pornography Consumption and Genital Satisfaction Among Irish Students." Klinička psihologija 9, no. 1 (June 13, 2016): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.21465/2016-kp-op-0075.
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Objective: To examine the relationship between early exposure to pornography and genital-related satisfaction among young Irish adults. Design and Method: This study employed cross-sectional survey data from 2,162 University students, of whom 53% were male. Data were collected via an anonymous online questionnaire, which included items on pornography consumption and the Genital Self-Image Scales for females and males. Results: Pornography consumption was reported by 99.7% of males and 89.6% of females. The majority (51.3%) of the male respondents reported being exposed to pornography for the first time between the age of 10 and 13, while the majority of females (54.1%) report first exposure between 14 and 17. For males, exposure to pornography between the ages of 10 and 13 was significantly associated with lower levels of genital esteem, reduced genital appearance satisfaction and greater genital embarrassment, as compared to those first exposed at older ages. In contrast, males who reported first time exposure to pornography over the age of 18 were significantly more likely to report high levels of genital esteem. Among females age of first exposure to pornography was not significantly associated with any of the genital esteem, appearance or embarrassment measures. Conclusions: The results indicate that first exposure to pornography under the age of thirteen is associated with negative genital self-image, for young adult males. The importance of pornography literacy education for young males is thus highlighted.
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Sukys, Saulius, Vida Janina Cesnaitiene, and Zbigniew Marcin Ossowsky. "Is Health Education at University Associated with Students’ Health Literacy? Evidence from Cross-Sectional Study Applying HLS-EU-Q." BioMed Research International 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8516843.
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Background. Despite the large number of studies assessing health literacy, little research has been conducted with young adults. Since health literacy is related to the setting in which health information is provided, our study aim was to measure health literacy competencies in a sample of university students and to evaluate the relationships between these competencies and their university health education. Methods. A total of 912 university students (aged 18–24 years) completed the 47-item European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire (HLS-EU-Q47). Results. Perceived difficulties with health information were related to gender, with male students reporting significantly lower health literacy scores. Studying more health education-related subjects was associated with a higher health literacy competency, due to these students’ higher rates of accessing and understanding health information in the health promotion domain. Conclusion. Health literacy among young adult university students is insufficient. The subjects they study are related to their university health education; in particular, the number of health-related subjects they study is positively related to students’ health promotion domain-based competencies.
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Cole, A. H., and J. O. Ogbe. "Energy intake, expenditure and pattern of daily activity of Nigerian male students." British Journal of Nutrition 58, no. 3 (November 1987): 357–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19870105.
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1. Twenty apparently healthy and normal Nigerian male students, resident at the University of Ibadan campus, were studied for seven consecutive days to assess their food energy intake and expenditure and pattern of their daily activities.2. The mean age (years) of the group was 24.0 (SD 3.23, range 20–30), mean height (m) 1.71 (SD 0.06, range 1.61–1.84) and body-weight (kg) was 61.1 (SD 5.01, range 51.0–69.5).3. The food intake of each subject was obtained by direct weighing and its energy value determined using a ballistic bomb calorimeter. Patterns of daily activities were recorded and the energy costs of representative activities were determined by indirect calorimetry.4. Activities mainly involved sitting, mean 580 (SD 167, range 394–732) min/d. Sleeping and standing activities took a mean of 445 (SD 112) and 115 (SD 75) min/d respectively. Personal domestic activities took a mean of 94 (SD 40) min/d.5. The mean energy intake of the group was 11 182 (SD 1970) kJ/d or 183 (SD 32) kJ/kg body-weight per d. This value is lower than the 12.5 MJ/d recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)/World Health Organization (WHO) (1973) as the energy requirement for an adult man engaged in moderate activities, but it is higher than the FAO/WHO/United Nations University (UNU) (1985) recommended value of 10.8 MJ/d for a male office clerk (light activity). It is also lower than the recommended energy requirement of 11.6 MJ/d for a subsistence farmer (moderately active work) (FAO/WHO/UNU, 1985).6. The mean energy expenditure of the male subjects was 9876 (SD 1064, range 7159–12259) kJ/d and was lower than mean intake.7. The energy intake and expenditure values indicated that the groups participating in the present study were not physically very active. It is an indication that the Nigerian male students expended less but probably consumed more energy than required. It is suggested for health reasons and for mental fitness that the Nigerian male students might undertake more physical exercise.
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Zhed, A. V. "Relationship between Attributional Style, Attitude towards Migrants and Acculturation Expectations in High School Students." Psychological-Educational Studies 9, no. 2 (2017): 96–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/psyedu.2017090209.
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The purpose of this research was to study personal attributional style and its interconnection with treatment of migrants and host culture acculturation strategies of young adult males and females (high school students). Respondents were young adults from School № 179 of Moscow (50 total, from 15 to 17 years old (mean 15.8), 19 female, 31 male). In this research were used: Success and failures attributional style questionnaire (T.O. Gordeeva, O.V. Krylova), host culture acculturation expectation scales (J. Berry), Migrantophobia measurement scale (N.M. Lebedeva), Feelings about migrants measurement scale (I.M. Kuznetsov), Kognitive reflection test (Shane Frederick). According to findings, personal attributional style has no correlation with feelings about migrants, migrantophobia or results of kognitive reflection test. Correlation was found between host culture acculturation strategies expectation and some attributional style components, inclunding Control subscale (p ≤ 0,05). Also interconnection was found between Kognitive reflection test results and various subscales of attributional style questionnaire (p≤0,01).
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Moreira, Thereza Maria Magalhães, Jênifa Cavalcante dos Santos Santiago, and Gizelton Pereira Alencar. "Self-perceived health and clinical characteristics in young adult students from the brazilian northeast." Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP 48, no. 5 (October 2014): 794–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0080-6234201400005000004.
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Objective To analyze the association between socioeconomic situation, clinical characteristics referred and the family history of cardiovascular disease, with the Self-perceived health of young adults education and their implications for clinical characteristics observed. Method Analytical study conducted with 501 young adults who are students in countryside city in the Brazilian Northeast. We used binary logistic regression. Results The final model explained 83.3% of the self-perceived positive health, confirming the association of Self-perceived health with male, residence in the community, have excellent/very good lifestyle and does not have or do not know that there are cases of stroke in the family. Conclusion Health perception was often optimistic, being important to identify devices to be worked closer to their perception of their actual health condition, increasing the effectiveness of health promotion activities undertaken by professionals.
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Shaari, Ramizu, Teoh Eng Hwa, and Shaifulizan Abdul Rahman. "Gender Dependence In Mouth Opening Dimensions In Normal Adult Malaysians Population." Indonesian Journal of Dental Research 1, no. 2 (July 16, 2014): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/theindjdentres.9983.
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While measurement of mouth opening is an important clinica examination in diagnosis and management of oral disease, data on non-Western populations are limited. This study was therefore conducted to determine the range of mouth opening in normal Malaysian male and female adults. A total of 34 dental students of Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) were chosen randomly and their maximum mouth opening was measured after being asked to open their mouth sufficiently to accommodate three fingers. Measurement was performed from the edge of the upper incisor to the lower incisor using a caliper divider. The difference of median values between male (47.6 mm) and female (40.8 mm) were significant respectively (p<0.05). Thus the width of mouth opening in Malaysian student population is gender dependent although further study with a larger sample size and with other ethnic groups should be carried out, focusing on age.
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Yeasmin, Roksana, Nazmun Nahar, Khadiza Begum, Sultana Parveen, Farzana Akhter, Murshida Aziz, Fahmida Islam, and Tohfa Eyaub. "Lipid Profile, Glycaemic and Anthropometric Status of Students of a Private Medical College in Dhaka City." Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal 5, no. 1 (May 7, 2014): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/akmmcj.v5i1.18837.
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Over weight and obesity are recognized as recent threat which affecting both developing and developed countries. Obesity and its associated morbidities are leading cause of most noncommunicable diseases. Few recent studies have indicated the presence of increasing in over weight and obesity among children and adolescent but there is no study among adult groups. This cross sectional study was done to assess the prevalence of overweight, obesity and metabolic variables with their relation among medical students. Our result reveals that 8.6% & 1.9% male and 15% & 3.2% female are suffering from overweight and obesity (based on BMI) respectively. More females (31.3% and 65.2%) are centrally obese than males (3.5% and 34.8%) (According to Waist Hip ratio and Waist Height ratio respectively). But according to Waist circumference more males (30.7%) are obese than females (24%). There is also significant difference of male and female BP. DBP & SBP of male (79.22mmHg & 118.9 mmHg) have high normal level than female (72.71mmHg & 108.67mmHg) (P<0.001). There is no significant difference of glycaemic status and lipid profile with central obesity. Although male students have high upper level of blood pressure, female students are more obese than males (both according to BMI and central obesity). High blood pressure and obesity both acts as risk factors for the development of non communicable disease. Student's awareness therefore should be increased to reduce central obesity & BP within normal range. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/akmmcj.v5i1.18837 Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 5, No. 1: January 2014, Pages 23-28
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Robison, Tiger. "Overcoming the Octave Displacement: Vocal Modeling Strategies for Male Elementary General Music Teachers." General Music Today 31, no. 3 (April 2018): 66–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1048371318768486.
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The purpose of this article is to address the issue that children’s natural singing voices and pitch perception are in a treble range, and a male elementary general music teacher’s natural singing voice is an octave below. There are many strategies to overcome this significant but manageable obstacle in daily teaching, including monitoring of vocal health, use of instrumental accompaniment, encouragement of student vocal modeling, specific vocal exercises and cues, and cognitive strategies to help students discern between child and adult voices. Specific games, prompts, and rubrics are also included in this article to help guide any male elementary general music teacher to the most appropriate long-term vocal modeling solutions.
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Draper, Thomas W., and Tom Gordon. "Men's Perceptions of Nurturing Behavior in other Men." Psychological Reports 59, no. 1 (August 1986): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1986.59.1.11.
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87 young adult male students were randomly divided into two groups. One group read an account of a young man interacting with preschool-age children in a nurturing manner. The other group read a nonnurturing account of the same interaction. The subjects rated the nurturing male as higher in goodness and obedience and lower in masculinity, potency, activity, and instrumental achievement potential than the nonnurturing male. From this it was concluded that some men may experience sex-role anxieties when they observe other men behave in a nurturing manner.
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C., Thirupathi, and Aanandha Subramaniam K. "A comparison of lung function in pranayama trained and untrained medical students." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 5, no. 4 (March 28, 2017): 1377. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20171230.
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Background: Pranayama is a form of breathing exercise. It is a very useful in reducing the weight and improving the respiratory function. The study was designed to assess the effect of pranayama on pulmonary Function among adult male students.Methods: The control and the study groups each consisted of 50 number of male MBBS students aged between 16 to 22 years, studying at Madras Medical College, were recruited for the present study. The study group were taught pranayama and allowed to practice it daily twice in morning and evening for 15 minutes for 10 weeks under supervision. Parameters like weight, BMI, chest expansion, respiratory rate and spirometric parameters like FVC, FEV1 and PEFR were recorded before and after the study.Results: A significant increase in chest expansion, FVC, FEV1 and PEFR with p value <0.05were recorded in study group in comparison with control group.Conclusions: Pranayama improves the lung function among medical students.
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Smith, Billy L., Chrystal L. McChristian, Teresa D. Smith, and Julie Meaux. "The Relationship of the Reynolds Intellectual Assessment Scales and the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Third Edition." Perceptual and Motor Skills 109, no. 1 (August 2009): 30–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.109.1.30-40.
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The purpose of this study was to compare scores on the Reynolds Intellectual Assessment Scales (RIAS) with scores on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale–Third Edition (WAIS–III) in a group of college students diagnosed with a Learning Disability, Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), or a combination of the two. The RIAS Composite Index score was significantly higher than the WAIS–III Full Scale IQ, although scores on both tests were in the average range. Correlations between the two tests were significant on all measures. Male students were significantly higher than female students on both the RIAS Composite Index and on the WAIS–III Full Scale IQ. Although the ADHD group was higher on IQ than the Learning Disabled and combined disorder groups on all IQ measures, no significant differences were found.
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Bajaj, Gagan, Malavika Anakkathil Anil, Aiswarya Varghese, Jayashree S. Bhat, Pooja Sheth, and Anjana Hoode. "Me, My Stuttering, and Them! Effect of Self-Disclosure of Stuttering on Listener Perception." Rehabilitation Process and Outcome 6 (January 1, 2017): 117957271773299. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1179572717732996.
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Purpose: A common question encountered by speech-language pathologists while dealing with adults who stutter (AWS) is whether their disclosure of stuttering to listeners would change their perception. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of self-disclosure and speaker sex on adult listeners’ perceptions of simulated stuttering. Method: The study involved a group of 100 college students between the age range of 18 and 25 years, who judged the videotaped speech samples of 1 male and 1 female person, who simulated stuttering in disclosed and undisclosed state. The listener perception was evaluated through a questionnaire developed for the purpose. Results: The trends suggested that a female AWS possessed overall better listener perception as compared with male AWS in undisclosed condition and received better perception by listeners in more domains than male AWS in disclosed state. Conclusions: Listener perception seems to be a sex-specific phenomenon which gets affected by one’s disclosure about stuttering and the culture of the listeners.
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Guo, Haitao, Fuhui Tong, Zhuoying Wang, Shifang Tang, Myeongsun Yoon, Ming Ying, and Xiaofeng Yu. "Examining Self-Regulated Learning Strategy Model: A Measurement Invariance Analysis of MSLQ-CAL among College Students in China." Sustainability 13, no. 18 (September 10, 2021): 10133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131810133.
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This study examined psychometric properties and measurement invariance of the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire for Chinese adult learners, learning strategy scale (MSLQ-CAL-LS). Data were collected from 2499 college students from 15 Chinese universities. Results from factor analysis suggested satisfactory psychometric properties of MSLQ-CAL-LS. We further identified strong evidence to support the configural, metric, scalar and strict invariance across the gender groups, confirming the appropriate use of MSLQ-CAL-LS that can accurately capture the construct of self-regulated learning (SRL) strategies among both female and male Chinese adult learners. This study provides one step forward to measure SRL outside the Western context. Recommendations for future research are discussed.
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Caldeborg, Annica, and Marie Öhman. "Intergenerational touch in physical education in relation to heteronormativity: Female students’ perspectives." European Physical Education Review 26, no. 2 (July 30, 2019): 392–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1356336x19865556.
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Research within the field of intergenerational touch has shown that there is a tension between the need to use physical contact as an obvious pedagogical tool, and the no-touch discourse. Within this tension physical contact between physical education teachers and students has also been shown to be a gender/ed issue with heteronormative points of departure. The aim of this study is to investigate how young adult female students’ talk about physical contact between teachers and students in physical education is related to heteronormativity. The study takes its starting point in Foucault’s work on discourses and Butler’s performative perspective. Thirteen female students in upper secondary school were interviewed in four focus groups using photo elicitation. In the findings, three performatives are identified that show how the students’ talk about physical contact between teacher and student in physical education is related to heteronormativity. The three performatives are: (a) gendering with age; (b) being wary of men; and (c) feeling sympathy for men. The paper discusses the effects the heteronormative discourse has on young adult female students and male teachers in relation to physical contact in physical education.
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Bhavani, V., and N. Prabhavathy Devi. "Assessment of Macro Nutrients and Micro Nutrients Intake of Collage Age Population: A Population Based Study." Shanlax International Journal of Arts, Science and Humanities 7, no. 3 (January 1, 2020): 97–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/sijash.v7i3.956.
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Background: In present India, due to increased urbanization and various other factors, there is a drastic change in the dietary patterns of college students and young adults. Maintaining the right eating habits of college student means a lot for the prevention of many diseases that could occur in adult period. Aim: To evaluate the Macro and micro nutrients intake of the college population of Chennai Methods and Tools: Using Random sampling techniques, 1000 (500 male and 500 female) college students were selected and data regarding food frequency intake was evaluated. Nutrient intake is assessed by means of three-day dietary record. The food consumed for three consecutive days were recorded by the subjects. Food intake data were converted into raw amounts in terms of food groups and in turn were translated into energy, protein, fat, carbohydrate, and fiber using food composition tables. The nutrient intakes of the subjects were computed against Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for ensuring the appropriateness of intake derived based on RDA. The data were tabulated and subjected to appropriate statistical analysis. Results: Consumption of Macro nutrient intake and micro nutrients were found to be more among male than female. Only vitamin C intake found to be more among female than male. It is clear that both male and female did not meet the requirements of RDA. Fat intake was more than the RDA for both male and female participants. Conclusion: Our study concludes that Macro and micro nutrient deficiency is prevalent among our study population, irrespective of the gender, whereas fat intake is more than the RDA which is leading cause for obesity and other non-communicable diseases. Thus it is essential to educate the students to consume nutrient densed food and reduce the intake of energy densed food.
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Rowe, Vikki. "Cross-gender influence: The effect of perceived male preference on female body image and self-esteem in a young adult group." Australian Educational and Developmental Psychologist 23, no. 2 (2006): 46–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0816512200028984.
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AbstractThe aim of the present study was to explore the potential relationship between affect related to female perception of male preference for the female thin ideal (“Sensitivity to Male Preference”) and female body image and self-esteem. Ninety-three, heterosexual, female undergraduate students (M = 19.78, SD = 2.66) completed a series of questionnaires which tapped Body Image Dissatisfaction, Body Image Discrepancy, Appearance Schema and Self-Worth. The “Female Perception of Male Preference Questionnaire” (devised specifically for the purpose of the present study) assessed Sensitivity to Male Preference. Results indicated that females who expressed greater negative affect in relation to their perception of male preference for the female thin ideal also showed higher levels of body image dissatisfaction, appearance schema, discrepancy (between their perceived current and ideal figures), and lower levels of self-worth. Findings suggest that female perception of male preference may be an important variable when considering factors that influence female body image and self-esteem, and thus warrant further attention in research.
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刘, 安琪. "The Effect of Adult Attachment on Depression in Male College Students with Smoking Experience—The Mediating Role of Social Support." Advances in Psychology 09, no. 11 (2019): 1921–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/ap.2019.911231.
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Moran, Kevin, Robert Podstawski, Stefan Mańkowski, Dariusz Choszcz, and Zoran Sarevic. "Socioeconomics Influences on the Water Competencies of Young Adult Polish Males." Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research 74, no. 1 (June 1, 2017): 19–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pcssr-2017-0014.
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AbstractDespite the popularity of aquatic recreation and its well-promoted prophylactic and therapeutic values, not a lot is known about how socio-cultural background influences the acquisition of water competency. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of socio-economic and environmental factors on the swimming and rescue skills of male university students (n = 521) aged 19-20 years residing in the Region of Warmia and Mazury, Poland.An anonymous questionnaire was used as a diagnostic tool to elicit information on participants’ social backgrounds (such as parental income and level of education). Participants provided self-estimates of swimming and rescue competency that included non-stop distance swimming, familiarity with selected swimming strokes, and their estimated rescue ability.The results suggest that students’ self-estimated swimming competency, the distance they could swim non-stop, and the capacity to swim various strokes increased in association with higher levels of educational background of the father, higher levels of monthly income, and increased size of residential agglomeration. The level of rescue skills also improved with increases in the educational background of both parents, the size of residential agglomeration, and the monthly budget. No significant differences were found in rescue competency levels when analyzed by the mothers’ educational experience. Levels of both swimming and rescue competencies were lower than those reported in comparable studies.Socio-economic status (such as a lack of discretionary time and income for families with a lower socio-economic status) and place of residence (such as lack of facilities in small villages and towns) mediated the opportunity to acquire water competencies or gain experience with aquatic activity. Methods for addressing socio-economic barriers to the acquisition of swimming and rescue competency are discussed and recommendations for further research are made.
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Hackel, Jennifer M., and Teresa M. Eliot Roberts. "The effectiveness of an educational project using older adult volunteers for training primary care nurse practitioners in geriatric assessment." Journal of Nursing Education and Practice 10, no. 3 (November 25, 2019): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jnep.v10n3p51.
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This article reports on the effectiveness of a pilot project, where older adult volunteers attending college campus programs were recruited to act as mock patients (MP) in a two-hour clinical simulation experience for primary care nurse practitioner (NP) students learning about geriatric assessment. Primary care providers, such as NPs, study variable content on geriatrics and see older adults in their primary care clinical practica yet report they desire more time in their training to practice geriatric assessment techniques, apply clinical practice recommendations, and discuss broader aspects of cases being managed by NPs within the interdisciplinary team. Utilization of live models acting as MPs with small groups of students acting as one provider is one way in which health care trainees can take more time to learn from each other as well as the models in the simulated clinical setting. The professor wrote a hypothetical case study based on clinical practice experience that either a male or female volunteer retiree could play as the MP. The case was a 75-year-old retiree with multiple other chronic conditions, on multiple medications, presenting with acute on chronic fatigue. Of the 48 students who participated, 47 returned surveys. Aggregate scores indicated an overall effectiveness of 88% across multiple aspects of geriatric primary care. Qualitative data indicated that the NP students would like more such cases in which they get more lead time with the case information to consider the myriad factors at play and have smaller groups of students per MP. The older adults who volunteered as MPs reported overwhelmingly that they found participating in the students’ education to be rewarding and a chance to offer input about improvement in the care of older adults in the current health system in our aging society. There was consistent feedback that the program should be continued and enhanced. The case content is offered in this article for use by other health care professionals who educate trainees in primary care.
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Gaeta, Laura, and Tara Sharpp. "Interprofessional Education Activity to Improve Communication With Older Adults With Hearing Loss." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.011.
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Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine how an interprofessional education (IPE) intervention with Communication Sciences and Disorders (CSAD) and Nursing students can affect their ability to communicate effectively with older adults who have hearing loss. As the older adult demographic increases, healthcare professionals must provide competent care, which includes effectively managing hearing-related communication difficulties in an increasingly diverse population. Faculty received IRB approval to conduct a descriptive mixed-methods study to determine knowledge and satisfaction of students completing an IPE activity. Students were divided into teams of CSAD and Nursing students. Students listened to a brief presentation on IPE before they were introduced to a complex case study of an 84-year-old male with age-related hearing loss. We administered a knowledge assessment questionnaire (KAQ) we created regarding communication with older adults before and after the activity. A total of 92 participants in the two programs (n=36 CSAD, n=56 Nursing) completed the KAQ before and after the activity and an evaluation with a Likert-type scale and open-ended questions. CSAD students scored significantly higher than Nursing students on the KAQ at baseline (F=25.69, p<0.001) and KAQ scores increased significantly (F=57.04, p<0.001) among both groups from pretest to posttest. The evaluation data indicated students were able to learn other perspectives and found the experience valuable. Based on the improvement in scores on the KAQ and evaluation data, this IPE activity increased knowledge related to communication with older adults with hearing loss and awareness of the roles of other professions.
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Leikin, Mark, Esther Tovli, and Anna Woldo. "THE INTERPLAY OF BILINGUALISM, EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONS AND CREATIVITY IN PROBLEM SOLVING AMONG MALE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS." Creativity Studies 13, no. 2 (May 4, 2020): 308–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/cs.2020.10397.
Full textAbstract:
The present study explores the interplay among bilingualism, executive functions and creativity in problem solving among adult male university students. In this context, the associations between two factors critical for understanding the topic, i.e. type of bilingualism (i.e. balanced versus non-balanced bilingualism) and type of creative thinking (i.e. convergent versus divergent thinking) are examined, as well. 28 Russian/Hebrew/English trilinguals (balanced Russian/Hebrew bilinguals), and 25 non-balanced Hebrew/English bilinguals participated in the study. All participants performed several standard tasks on executive functions (Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Eriksen flanker task, digit span test, Corsi block-tapping test) and two tests on creativity: Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking (Figural Form A) and Remote Associates Test (in appropriate languages). The findings showed that the Russian-speaking participants performed better on the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking, particularly in flexibility and fluency measures. On the Remote Associates Test, balanced bilinguals outperformed non-balanced bilinguals in the English version and exhibited the same results in the Hebrew version of the test. In this case, there were significant correlations between the Remote Associates Test results in all three languages in the Russian group. Thus, balanced bilingualism seems to be also characterized by a well-organized language system in which all of the individual’s languages are interconnected. This appears to be a significant factor in the performance of balanced bilinguals on the Remote Associates Test in the different languages. In addition, the findings seem to confirm the hypothesis that balanced bilingualism positively influences divergent thinking. The hypothesis that performance of bilinguals on creativity tasks is linked to distinctions in the development of their executive functions was not confirmed.