Journal articles: 'Adsorption and ion exchange'

1

Song, Fujiao, Yan Cao, Yunxia Zhao, Ruiyu Jiang, Qi Xu, Jinlong Yan, and Qin Zhong. "Ion-Exchanged ZIF-67 Synthesized by One-Step Method for Enhancement of CO2 Adsorption." Journal of Nanomaterials 2020 (February 17, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1508574.

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Li+- and Na+-exchanged ZIF-67 was synthesized by a new one-step method of ion as-exchange technique and tested as CO2 adsorbents. As a comparison, the standard ion-exchange procedure was also carried out. The powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electronic microscope (SEM), particle size analyzer (PSD), and thermal gravimetry analysis (TGA) were used to investigate the effect of ion-exchange techniques on the structure of the materials. CO2 uptake of ZIF-67 ion exchanged by one-step method is much higher than that by the standard ion-exchange procedure. All of the adsorption isotherms show linear patterns with stable adsorption rate from 0 bar to 1 bar, which reveals the materials could get excellent adsorption performance at higher pressure range (>1 bar). Elemental analysis, N2 physical adsorption, and the point of zero charge (PZC) were carried out to confirm the adsorption mechanism. van der Waals interaction determined by the surface area and coordination interaction resulting from electrostatic interaction work in synergy to enhance CO2 adsorption performance of ZIF-67 ion exchanged by the one-step method.

2

Theodoridou, E., A. D. Jannakoudakis, P. D. Jannakoudakis, and S. Antoniadou. "Electrochemically oxidized carbon fibres as an adsorbent for the attachment of dissolved substances. Adsorption of nitro compounds and ion-exchange of heavy metals." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 69, no. 12 (December 1, 1991): 1881–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v91-272.

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The adsorption of several aromatic nitro compounds and the ion-exchange of heavy metal ions on electro-oxidized carbon fibres have been investigated using cyclic voltammetric and polarographic techniques. Electro-oxidation is performed by potentiostatic double pulse application. This procedure results in the generation of many functional —OH and —COOH groups with adsorptive and ion-exchanging properties.Multimolecular layers of adsorbed substances may be formed through a procedure of successive adsorption of the nitro-compound and electro-reduction to the corresponding amine, resulting in the attachment of considerable amounts of the nitro-compound to the carbon fibres.The ion-exchange capacity is estimated to be ca. 1 mequiv. g−1 and with slight deviations it follows the rank Ag, Cu, Cd, Pb, Hg. After the electro-reduction of the exchanged metal ions, the ion-exchange process can be repeated several times. This procedure is of importance for the removal of significant amounts of heavy and toxic metals from industrial waste waters. Key words: electro-oxidized carbon fibres, adsorption of aromatic nitro compounds, cation-exchange of heavy metals.

3

Noor, Ehteram A., and Fatma M. Al-Solmi. "Analysis of Adsorption, Ion Exchange, Thermodynamic Behaviour of Some Organic Cations on Dowex 50WX4-50/H+Cation Exchanger in Aqueous Solutions." E-Journal of Chemistry 8, s1 (2011): S171—S188. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/963603.

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The equilibrium adsorption, ion exchange characteristics of various concentrations of some organic cations from aqueous solutions onto dowex 50WEX/H+cation exchanger were studied at different temperatures in the range of 30-50 °C. The studied cations showed good adsorptive properties onto dowex 50WX4-5/H+at different concentrations and temperatures. Main adsorption behaviour was ion exchange between hydrogen ions and the organic cations as indicated from the linear relation between the initial concentration of the organic cations and the released hydrogen ions. It was found that the adsorption affinity of dowex 50WX4-50/H+towards the studied organic cations depends on the substituent type of the organic cations giving the following increasing order: 1-H < 2-OH < 3-OCH3. Thermodynamic parameters for the adsorption of the studied organic cations were evaluated and discussed. It was found that the adsorption 1-H organic cation was spontaneous, ordered, exothermic and favored with decreasing temperature. On the other hand the adsorption of both 2-OH and 3-OCH3organic cations was found to be spontaneous and disordered with enthalpy change varies significantly with increasing organic cation concentration, suggesting dipole-dipole adsorption forces as new active sites for adsorption under conditions of relatively high concentrations. Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich adsorption isotherm models reasonably describe the adsorption of the studied organic cations onto dowex 50WX4-50/H+by segmented straight lines depending on the studied range of concentration, indicating the existence of two different sets of adsorption sites with substantial difference in energy of adsorption. According to Dubinin-Radushkevich adsorption isotherm model, physical-ion exchange mechanism was suggested for the adsorption of 1-H organic cation and both physical and chemical-ion exchange mechanisms were suggested for the adsorption of 2-OH and 3-OCH3organic cations depending on the studied range of concentration.

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Wu, Yu-Chi, Yu-Hong Wei, and Ho-Shing Wu. "Adsorption and Desorption Behavior of Ectoine Using Dowex® HCR-S Ion-Exchange Resin." Processes 9, no. 11 (November 18, 2021): 2068. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9112068.

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Dowex® HCR-S ion-exchange resin was used to adsorb ectoine in a batch system under varying operation conditions in terms of contact time, temperature, pH value, initial concentration of ectoine, and type of salt. Six adsorption isotherm models (Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Dubinin–Radushkevich, Sips, and Redlich–Peterson) and three kinetic models (pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intraparticle diffusion) were used to investigate the ectoine adsorption mechanism of ion-exchange resin. According to the experimental results, the mechanism of ectoine adsorption using an ion exchanger includes the ion-exchange reaction and physisorption. Both the Langmuir and Freundlich models were found to have a high fitting. For the kinetic analysis, the pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion models were suitable to describe the ectoine adsorption. Dowex® HCR-S resin has an average saturated adsorption capacity of 0.57 g/g and 93.6% of ectoine adsorption at 25~65 °C, with an initial concentration of 125 g/L. By changing the pH of the environment using NaOH solution, the adsorbed ectoine on the ion-exchange resin can be desorbed to 87.7%.

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Wesselingh, J. A., and J. C. Bosma. "Protein ion-exchange adsorption kinetics." AIChE Journal 47, no. 7 (July 2001): 1571–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690470710.

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Baes, Aloysius U., Tetsuji Okuda, Wataru Nishijima, Eiji Shoto, and Mitsumasa Okada. "Adsorption and ion exchange of some groundwater anion contaminants in an amine modified coconut coir." Water Science and Technology 35, no. 7 (April 1, 1997): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1997.0264.

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The adsorption of nitrate, chromium (VI), arsenic (V) and selenium (VI) anions in an amine modified coconut coir (MCC-AE : with secondary and tertiary amine functionality) were studied to determine the capability of this easily prepared and low-cost material in removing typical groundwater anion contaminants. Batch adsorption-ion exchange experiments were conducted using 200 mg MCC-AE, initially containing chloride as the resident anion, and 50 ml of different anion-containing water of varying concentrations. It is presumed, at this low pH, that only SeO42− remained as a divalent anion, while monovalent species H2AsO4− and HCrO4− predominated in their respective exchanging ion solutions. The adsorption data were fitted using the Freundlich equation and maximum adsorption for each anion was estimated using their respective Freundlich equation constants. MCC-AE exhibited preference for divalent Cr (VI) and Se (VI) anions compared with the Cl− resident ion. Maximum As (V) adsorption was 0.086 mmol/g, while maximum adsorption of Cr (VI), NO3− and Se (VI) anions was 0.327 mmol/g, 0.459 mmol/g, and 0.222 mmol/g, respectively. The ion exchange capacity of MCC-AE is estimated, based on its exchange capacity for nitrate, to be within 0.46 mmol of positive charges per gram. Similar adsorption experiments were conducted for comparison using commercial chloride-form Amberlite IRA-900 strong base (quaternary amine functionality) anion exchanger, with an exchange capacity of 4.2 meq/g. Maximum adsorption of the different ions in IRA-900 was about 3 times higher for NO3−, 9 times higher for Se (VI), 10 times higher for As (V) and 9 times higher for Cr (VI), than that in MCC-AE. Differences in the ion exchange behavior of MCC-AE and IRA-900 were probably due to the different amine functionalities in the two exchangers. The results suggest that MCC-AE may be used as a low-cost alternative adsorbent/ion exchanger for treatment of anion contaminants in groundwater.

7

Xue, Mei, Fen Rong Liu, and Huan Liu. "Adsorption of Thiophene Out of Model Gasoline Using Metal Ion-Exchanged Zeolite." Advanced Materials Research 391-392 (December 2011): 945–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.391-392.945.

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Adsorptions of organic sulfur compounds thiophene was carried out using metal ion-exchanged Y-zeolites. Na-Yzeolites exchanged with Ag+, La3+, Cu2+, Ni2+, Bi3+ions were prepared by liquid ion exchange method. Ag+and La3+ions modified Yzeolites showed markedly high adsorptive capacities for Thiophene. The sulfur uptake increased in the order of Bi-Yzeolite < Ni-Yzeolite < CuY-zeolite < AgY-zeolite < LaY-zeolite for thiophene. The mole ratios of TP/Ag and TP/La were 0.098 and 0.071, respectively.

8

Somya, Amita. "Studies on Pectin-Tin(IV) Phosphate: A New Biopolymer Doped Hybrid Ion Exchanger, An Efficacious Ion Exchanger in Water Purification Process." Asian Journal of Chemistry 35, no. 5 (2023): 1237–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2023.27600.

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Pectin doped tin(IV) phosphate was prepared as novel class of hybrid ion exchanger i.e. biopolymer based hybrid ion exchanger, which has been characterized by few physico-chemical characterization techniques such as FTIR analysis, SEM study, UV-vis spectrophotometry and elemental analysis. The characteristic parameters of novel ion exchange such as ion exchange capacity, concentration study, elution study, thermal stability, etc. were also reported. Adsorption study has been explored for few alkaline earths and some heavy or transition metal ions in several acidic media. Based on adsorption study, it has been found that the reported ion exchanger has shown enantioselectivity for cadmium(II) ions, being one among toxic metal ions. The antimicrobial activity of pectin based tin(IV) phosphate on few microorganisms has also been studied to prove the antimicrobial nature of the synthesized ionexchange material.

9

Tang, Yu Bin, Fang Yu, Fang Yan Chen, and Cheng Chen. "Research on Adsorption of Pb²⁺ on to Microspheres Prepared by Rectorite and Humic Acid." Advanced Materials Research 233-235 (May 2011): 1972–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.233-235.1972.

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Rectorite (REC), humic acid (HA) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were used to prepare microspheres. Batch adsorption experiments of Pb2+ion on to the microspheres were performed. The results obtained indicate that adsorption time, the microspheres dosage and temperature were the main factors influencing the adsorptive capacities. The adsorption data for Pb2+ion were well described by the Freundlich, Langmuir and Temkin models. The kinetic experimental data properly correlated with the pseudo-first-order model, pseudo-second-order model and Elovich equation. The adsorption process is spontaneous, endothermic and out-of-order. The whole adsorption process is mainly controlled by entropies. The adsorption can be classified as chemical adsorption. The mechanisms for the adsorption of Pb2+ion on to the microspheres involved ion-exchange adsorption of Pb2+or the formation of complex compound. Under the experimental conditions employed, the removal of Pb2+ion attained value of 96.05%.

10

Tran, Hoai-Lam, Maw-Suey Kuo, Wein-Duo Yang, and Yu-Chang Huang. "Study on Modification of NaX Zeolites: The Cobalt (II)-Exchange Kinetics and Surface Property Changes under Thermal Treatment." Journal of Chemistry 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1789680.

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The cobalt (II) ion-exchange process followed the Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption models as well as the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The cobalt-exchanged contents increased when the initial Co(NO3)2solution concentration increased up to 0.14 mol L−1at the optimal pH of 6.05. The N2adsorption isotherms are mixed types I/II isotherms and H3 type hysteresis. Both the micropore and mesopore adsorptions occurred during the adsorption process. The modification, which is both the cobalt (II) exchange and thermal treatment, significantly improved the surface properties of NaX zeolites. Accordingly, the optimal temperature range is 500 to 600°C for a thermal treatment. This is consistent with the results of XRD analysis.

11

Nabi, S. A., Mu Naushad, and Rani Bushra. "A New Hybrid EDTA–Zirconium Phosphate Cation-Exchanger: Synthesis, Characterization and Adsorption Behaviour for Environmental Monitoring." Adsorption Science & Technology 27, no. 4 (May 2009): 423–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/026361709790252641.

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EDTA–zirconium phosphate has been synthesized as a new amorphous hybrid cation-exchanger by the combination of the inorganic ion-exchanger zirconium phosphate and EDTA, thereby providing a new class of organic–inorganic hybrid ion-exchanger with better mechanical and granular properties, a good ion-exchange capacity (2.40 mequiv/g dry exchanger for Na+), good reproducibility, and a higher stability and selectivity towards heavy metal ions. It has been characterized using FT-IR, TGA/DTA, X-ray and SEM methods, in addition to ion-exchange studies such as the determination of its ion-exchange capacity, elution and distribution behaviour, to provide a better understanding of the ion-exchange behaviour of the material. On the basis of distribution studies, the material was found to be highly selective towards Th(IV) and its selectivity was examined by achieving some important binary separations such as Cd(II)–Th(IV), Ni(II)–Th(IV), Hg(II)–Th(IV), Zn(II)–Th(IV), Pb(II)–Th(IV) and Al(III)–Th(IV) by column means, indicating its utility in environmental pollution control in one way or other.

12

Yu, Dan, Shintaro Morisada, Hidetaka Kawakita, Keisuke Ohto, Katsutoshi Inoue, Ximing Song, and Guolin Zhang. "Selective Cesium Adsorptive Removal on Using Crosslinked Tea Leaves." Processes 7, no. 7 (July 1, 2019): 412. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr7070412.

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To remove the radioactive cesium from the polluted environment, tea leaves were chosen as cheap, and abundantly available environment-friendly bio-adsorbents to investigate the alkali metals adsorption. Fresh and used tea leaves (FT and UT) were found to have high efficiency and selectivity for cesium adsorption, after the crosslinking with concentrated sulfuric acid. Calculation of the proton-exchanged amount suggested adsorption mechanism of three alkali metals on crosslinked tea leaves involve a cationic exchange with a proton from the hydroxyl groups of the crosslinked tea leaves, as well as coordination with ethereal oxygen atoms to form the chelation. Further, considering the practical application of the polluted water treatment, the competitive adsorption of Cs+ and Na+ ions was investigated by the batch-wise method and column chromatography separation. Unlike the conventional ion exchange and chelate resins with less selectivity for Cs+ coexisting cations, both crosslinked fresh tea leaves (CFT) and crosslinked used tea leaves (CUT) exhibited Cs selectivity over Na. In addition, batch adsorption studies revealed that the cesium adsorptions were driven by the Langmuir isotherm model; the capacity of both crosslinked tea leaves for cesium adsorption was determined to be around 2.5 mmol g−1. The adsorption capacities are sufficiently higher in comparison with those of synthetic polymers, inorganic ion-exchangers, and other bio-adsorbents.

13

Hai Thinh, Pham Thi. "RESEARCH ON ION EXCHANGE CAPACITY OF OXIDIZEDACTIVATED CARBON." Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology 55, no. 4C (March 24, 2018): 245. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/55/4c/12159.

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Ion exchange capacity of oxidized activated carbon (OAC) by HNO3 and surface treatment by NaOH solution was investigated. The HNO3oxidizedfunctional groups on the activated carbon surface, such as ketone, carboxylic acid and its derivatives, to maximum oxidation state. The OAC surface played the role as cation exchanger for adsorption of inorganic compounds, especially metallic cations. The adsorption capacity of OAC was investigated in batch mode with three representative ions with different valence from +1 to +3 (NH4+, Ca2+, Cr3+). The adsorption process was demonstrated by Langmuir and Freundlich isothermal model, and the maximum adsorption capacity according to Langmuir isothrermal equation was 20.4 mg/g for NH4+, 43.5 mg/g for Ca2+ and 38.5 mg/g for Cr3+. The results showed the OAC modified by HNO3 and surface treatment by NaOH solution improved adsorption capacity of AC for cations in solution to a higher level.

14

Zeng, Bin, Xiangrong Zeng, Lijinhong Huang, Wanfu Huang, and Ronghua Shu. "Adsorption Properties of a Polyamine Special Ion Exchange Resin for Removing Molybdenum from Ammonium Tungstate Solutions." Sustainability 15, no. 4 (February 20, 2023): 3837. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15043837.

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A polyamine special ion exchange resin was used to adsorb Mo from ammonium tungstate solutions. The effects of adsorption time, S2− concentration, adsorption temperature, CO32− concentration, mass ratio of WO3 to Mo, and Mo concentration on the Mo and WO3 adsorption capacities were investigated. Energy dispersive spectrometer plane scans were used to study the distributions of Mo, W, S, and Na on the loaded polyamine special ion exchange resin and the desorbed polyamine special ion exchange resin. The results showed that the polyamine special ion exchange resin performed well during adsorption and desorption. Under the optimum conditions for the static adsorption experiments, the adsorption capacities for Mo and WO3 were 99.29 mg/mL and 31.97 mg/mL, respectively, and the desorption rates for Mo and WO3 were 99.35% and 99.43%, respectively. Adsorption and desorption of molybdenum and tungsten on the polyamine special ion exchange resin were investigated by dynamic adsorption experiments with an ammonium tungstate solution containing 125.0 g/L WO3, 12.50 g/L Mo, 15.65 g/L S2−, and 0 g/L CO32−. The adsorption capacities for Mo and WO3 were 53.48 mg/mL and 9.79 mg/mL, and the adsorption rates for Mo and WO3 were 99.05% and 1.81%, respectively. The loaded polyamine special resin was desorbed with a 45 g/L sodium hydroxide solution, and the dynamic desorption rates for Mo and WO3 were 99.02% and 99.29%, respectively.

15

Chubar, Natalia. "New inorganic (an)ion exchangers with a higher affinity for arsenate and a competitive removal capacity towards fluoride, bromate, bromide, selenate, selenite, arsenite and borate." Water Supply 11, no. 5 (December 1, 2011): 505–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2011.080.

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Highly selective materials and effective technologies are needed to meet the increasingly stronger drinking water standards for targeted ionic species. Inorganic ion exchangers based on individual and mixed-metal hydrous oxides (or mixed adsorbents that contain inorganic ion exchangers in their composition) are adsorptive materials that are capable of lowering the concentrations of anionic contaminants, such as H2AsO4−, H3AsO3, F−, Br−, BrO3−, HSeO4−, HSeO3− and H3BO3, to 10 μg/L or less. To achieve a higher selectivity towards arsenate, a new ion exchanger based on Mg–Al hydrous oxides was developed by a novel, cost-effective and environmentally friendly synthesis method via a non-traditional (alkoxide-free) sol-gel approach. The exceptional adsorptive capacity of the Mg–Al hydrous oxides towards H2AsO4− (up to 200 mg[As]/gdw) is due to the high affinity of this sorbent towards arsenate (steep equilibrium isotherms) and its fast adsorption kinetics. Because of the mesoporous (as determined by N2 adsorption and SEM) and layered (as determined by XRD and FTIR) structure of the ion-exchange material as well as the abundance of anion exchange sites (as determined by XPS and potentiometric titration) on its surface the material demonstrated very competitive (or very high) removal capacity towards other targeted anions, including fluoride, bromide, bromate, selenate, selenite, and borate.

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Laiq, Esmat, and Syed Ashfaq Nabi. "Preparation, Characterization and Analytical Application of Tin (IV) Tungstoselenate - 1, 10 Phenanthroline." Oriental Journal Of Chemistry 37, no. 4 (August 30, 2021): 997–1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/ojc/370430.

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Synthesis of a composite ion exchange material Tin (IV) tungstoselenate - 1, 10 phenanthroline has been achieved by mixing differentvolume ratios of the organic counterpart with the inorganic ion exchangertin (IV) tungstoselenate. Final sample, having 0.88mmoles of 1, 10 phenanthroline per gram of inorganic ion exchanger, was chosen for characterization, including ion exchange capacity, thermogravimetric analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The ion exchange capacity of Li+, Na+, Ca2+, Sr2+ metals was determined by using the synthesized material. The adsorption behavior of Al3+,Co2+,Ni2+,Cu2+,Cd2+,Pb2+ in various solvent systems have been studied. Based on distribution Coefficient (Kd) values, few analytically necessary separations of metal ions from the synthetic mixture have been achieved on the column of the composite ion exchanger.

17

Chen, Mengzhu, Fang Wu, Linwen Yu, Yuxin Cai, Hang Chen, and Mingtao Zhang. "Chloride binding capacity of LDHs with various divalent cations and divalent to trivalent cation ratios in different solutions." CrystEngComm 21, no. 44 (2019): 6790–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ce01322a.

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Chlorides were bonded by LDHs due to ion exchange and surface adsorption. Carbonation resulted in the debonding of the chloride bond by ion exchange, however, surface adsorption was not affected by carbonation.

18

Trung, Nguyen Dinh, Le Thi Ha Lan, and Truong Dong Phuong. "Investigate the adsorption of cesium ion (Cs+) on Zn2[Fe(CN)6] AND Zn3[Fe(CN)6]2 nanoparticles." Science and Technology Development Journal - Natural Sciences 3, no. 4 (April 2, 2020): 307–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdjns.v3i4.524.

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Adsorption of Cs+ ion from aqueous solution by Zn2[Fe(CN)6] and Zn3[Fe(CN)6]2 nanoparticle, and the effect of experimental conditions on the adsorption were investigated. Preliminary results showed that two materials were very efficient as an absorbent. Zn2[Fe(CN)6] and Zn3[Fe(CN)6]2 nanoparticle adsorbents for removal Cs+ion from solution have been successfully synthesized. Comparison between two materials, the Cs + ion adsorption capacity of Zn2[Fe(CN)6] was higher than Zn3[Fe(CN)6]2 and the reaction time was shorter. The adsorption equilibrium time of Zn3[Fe(CN)6]2 was about 20 hours, and the suitable pH range 3-7 while the Zn2[Fe(CN)6] was 15 minutes. The Cs+ ion absorption by Zn2[Fe(CN)6] nanoparticle follow the ion exchange mechanism, the best exchange capacities of the material were in the pH 3-5 range, ion exchange capacity depended on the pH, the maximum ion exchange capacity of the material at pH = 4 was 1.01 meq (Cs+) / g. After 15 min, about 98% of initial Cs+ ion concentration was removed from the solution; the adsorption data did not accord with Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The high adsorption capacity and good performance on other aspects, make the Zn2[Fe(CN)6] nanoparticle a promising adsorbent for the removal of Cs+ ion from water.

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Abuilaiwi, Faraj A., Muataz Ali Atieh, Mansor B. Ahmad, Nor Azowa Ibrahim, Mohamad Zaki Ab Rahman, and Wan Md Zin Wan Yunus. "Preparation and Characterization of Polyamidoxime Chelating Resin from Rubberwood Fibre-G-Polyacrylonitrile." Adsorption Science & Technology 27, no. 7 (September 2009): 661–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/0263-6174.27.7.661.

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Grafted rubberwood fibre was converted to polyamidoxime ion-exchange resin in order to remove heavy metal ions from aqueous solution. The cation-exchange resin existed predominantly in the syn-hydroxyamino form. The water uptake by the resin was ca. 31 g/g dry resin while its hydrogen ion capacity was 3.6 mmol/g. The adsorption capacity of the resin towards different metal ions from wastewater was determined at different pH values within the range 1–6. The prepared chelating ion-exchanger exhibited the highest adsorption capacity towards Cu2+ ions (3.83 mmol/g), followed by Cd2+, Fe3+, Pb2+, Ni2+ and Co3+ ions, respectively. The results showed that the adsorption capacity depended on the solution pH. Polyamidoxime ion-exchange resin was also used to separate Co3+ and Ni2+ ions from Cu2+ ions using a column technique. On passing Cu2+/Ni2+ and Cu2+/Co3+ ion mixtures through the resin at pH 3, Cu2+ ions were adsorbed by the resin but no sorption of Ni2+ or Co3+ ions was detected. Approximately 98% of the Cu2+ ions could be desorbed from the resin. FT-IR spectroscopy was used to confirm the conversion of polyacrylonitrile-g-rubberwood fibre to polyamidoxime.

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Fathima, Syeed Zeeshaan, and Altaf Hussain Pandith. "Synthesis and Characterization of Zirconium-Resorcinol Phosphate; A New Hybrid Cation Exchanger and Dye Adsorbent for Water Treatment." Materials Science Forum 842 (February 2016): 196–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.842.196.

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Synthesis and characterization of a new hybrid ion exchange material Zirconiumresorcinol Phosphate (ZrRP) is reported in this study. Synthetic conditions such as reactant concentrations and mixing volume ratio were varied to optimize the ion exchange properties of this material. The material has Na+ ion exchange capacity equal to 1.7 meq/g (dry). X-ray diffraction spectra suggest that it is amorphous in nature. This ion-exchanger was also characterization by SEM, IR and TGA-DTG. Various studies such as determination of ion exchange capacity, elution behaviour and pH titration has been performed for different metal ions such as K+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Mg2+, Ni2+, Cd2+. This material has potential application for removal of these ions from the aqueous systems. Effect of anionic (SDS) and nonionic (TX-100) surfactants has also been studied on the adsorption behavior of ZrRP. The material has been found to be selective for Mg2+and Cd2+. We also found that the material showed remarkable adsorption behavior towards some dyes like malachite green and methylene blue.

21

Li, Heng. "Synthesis of Li_0.6Zn_1.2PO₄ and its Selectivity to Li⁺ Exchange." Advanced Materials Research 442 (January 2012): 54–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.442.54.

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The ion-exchanger Li0.6Zn1.2PO4of spinel type was prepared by a solid state reaction crystallization method. The extraction/insertion reaction with this material was investigated by X-ray, saturation capacity of exchange, and Kd measurement. The experimental results have proved that the acid-treated sample has a capacity of exchange 2.4mmol•g-1for Li+in the solution, The chemical analysis showed that the Li+extraction/insertion progressed mainly by ion-exchange mechanism and surface adsorption.

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Suorsa, Valtteri, Miho Otaki, Topi Suominen, Juhani Virkanen, Hanna Reijola, René Bes, and Risto Koivula. "Anion exchange on hydrous zirconium oxide materials: application for selective iodate removal." RSC Advances 13, no. 2 (2023): 948–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2ra06489h.

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Hydrous ZrO2 materials showed high potential for the selective adsorption of IO3− in the presence of competing anions. The main adsorption mechanism was found to be ion-exchange and efficient regeneration was demonstrated with dilute acid.

23

Li, Heng. "Synthesis of Al_0.6667Ti(PO₄)₂ and its Selectivity to Li⁺Exchange." Advanced Materials Research 459 (January 2012): 141–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.459.141.

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The ion-exchanger Al0.6667Ti(PO4)2of spinel type was prepared by means of the solid state reaction crystallization method. The extraction/insertion reaction with this material was investigated by X-ray, saturation capacity of exchange, and Kd measurement. The experimental results have proved that the acid-treated sample has a capacity of exchange 3.9mmol·g-1 for Li+in the solution, The chemical analysis showed that the Li+extraction/insertion progressed mainly by ion-exchange mechanism and surface adsorption.

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Gęsikiewicz-Puchalska, Andżelika, Michal Zgrzebnicki, Beata Michalkiewicz, Agnieszka Kałamaga, Urszula Narkiewicz, Antoni W. Morawski, and Rafal Wrobel. "Changes in Porous Parameters of the Ion Exchanged X Zeolite and Their Effect on CO2 Adsorption." Molecules 26, no. 24 (December 11, 2021): 7520. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26247520.

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Zeolite 13X (NaX) was modified through ion-exchange with alkali and alkaline earth metal cations. The degree of ion exchange was thoroughly characterized with ICP, EDS and XRF methods. The new method of EDS data evaluation for zeolites was presented. It delivers the same reliable results as more complicated, expensive, time consuming and hazardous ICP approach. The highest adsorption capacities at 273 K and 0.95 bar were achieved for materials containing the alkali metals in the following order K < Na < Li, respectively, 4.54, 5.55 and 5.94 mmol/g. It was found that it is associated with the porous parameters of the ion-exchanged samples. The Li0.61Na0.39X form of zeolite exhibited the highest specific surface area of 624 m2/g and micropore volume of 0.35 cm3/g compared to sodium form 569 m2/g and 0.30 cm3/g, respectively. The increase of CO2 uptake is not related with deterioration of CO2 selectivity. At room temperature, the CO2 vs. N2 selectivity remains at a very high stable level prior and after ion exchange in co-adsorption process (XCO2 during adsorption 0.15; XCO2 during desorption 0.95) within measurement uncertainty. Additionally, the Li0.61Na0.39X sample was proven to be stable in the aging adsorption-desorption tests (200 sorption-desorption cycles; circa 11 days of continuous process) exhibiting the CO2 uptake decrease of about 6%. The exchange with alkaline earth metals (Mg, Ca) led to a significant decrease of SSA and micropore volume which correlated with lower CO2 adsorption capacities. Interestingly, the divalent cations cause formation of mesopores, due to the relaxation of lattice strains.

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Shanmugavalli, R., P. S. Syed Shabudeen, R. Venckatesh, K. Kadirvelu, S. Madhavakrishnan, and S. Pattabhi. "Uptake of Pb(II) ion From Aqueous Solution Using Silk Cotton Hull Carbon: An Agricultural Waste Biomass." E-Journal of Chemistry 3, no. 4 (2006): 218–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2006/496309.

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Activated carbon prepared from silk cotton hull (SCH) was used for the adsorptive removal of Pb(II) ion from aqueous solution. The raw material used for the preparation of activated carbon is the waste of agricultural product; the production of this carbon is expected to be economically feasible. Parameters such as agitation time, metal ion concentration, adsorbent dose,pH and Particle size were studied. Adsorption equilibrium was reached within 80 min for 10, 20, 30 and 40mg/l of Pb(II) ion with 50mg of carbon per mL of solution. Adsorption parameters were determined using both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The adsorption efficiency reached 100% for 20, 30 and 40mg/l of Pb(II) ion with 120, 140 and 150mg of carbon. Pb(II) ion removal increased as thepH increased from 2 to 5 and remains constant up topH 10. Desorption studies were also carried out with dilute hydrochloric acid to know the mechanism of adsorption. Quantitative desorption of Pb(II) ion from carbon indicates that adsorption of metal ion is by ion-exchange. Efficiency of the adsorption of SCH was also studied with Pb containing industrial wastewater by varyingpH and carbon concentration.

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Jin, Lan Shu, Xue Feng Chu, Guo Lin Lin, and Bo Ying. "Removal of Trivalent Chromium ION in Wastewater by Zeolite 4a." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 6091–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.6091.

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Under the static condition, researching zeolite 4A to the chromium ion's adsorption characteristic, discussing the influence of different adsorption factors. The results indicated that: When the wastewater temperature was 30°C, at pH 3-4,adsorbed 30min,dosing 3g/L of zeolite 4A adsorption chromic wastewater(100mg/L), the chromium ion elimination rate may reached above 99%. At the same time, the zeolite 4A conforms to Langmuir and the Freundlich isotherm to the chromium ion's adsorption, the correlation coefficient respectively was 0.9997 and 0.9753, obtained the zeolite 4A to the chromium ion saturated adsorptive capacity was 50.25mg/L.Obviously, zeolite 4A as a new inorganic ions exchange material for the treatment of chromic wastewater, has the broad prospects for development.

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Khan, Muhammad Imran, Abdallah Shanableh, Javier Fernandez, Mushtaq Hussain Lashari, Shabnam Shahida, Suryyia Manzoor, Shagufta Zafar, Aziz ur Rehman, and Noureddine Elboughdiri. "Synthesis of DMEA-Grafted Anion Exchange Membrane for Adsorptive Discharge of Methyl Orange from Wastewaters." Membranes 11, no. 3 (February 27, 2021): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11030166.

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This manuscript describes the synthesis of dimethylethanolamine (DMEA)-grafted anion exchange membrane (AEM) by incorporating dimethylethanolamine as ion-exchange content into the polymer matrix via the solution casting method. The synthesis of the DMEA-grafted AEM was demonstrated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The prepared DMEA-grafted AEM exhibited higher thermal stability, homogeneous morphology, water uptake (WR) of 115%, and an ion exchange capacity (IEC) of 2.70 meq/g. It was used for the adsorptive removal of methyl orange (MO) from an aqueous solution via batch processing. The effect of several operating factors, including contact time, membrane dosage, initial concentration of aqueous dye solution, and temperature on the percentage discharge of MO and adsorption capacity, was evaluated. Experimental data for adsorption of MO onto the DMEA-grafted AEM was analyzed with two parameter and three parameter nonlinear adsorption isotherm models but fitted best using a nonlinear Freundlich isotherm. Adsorption kinetics were studied by using several models, and attained results showed that experimental data fitted well to pseudo-second-order kinetics. A thermodynamic study showed that adsorption of MO onto the prepared DMEA-grafted AEM was an endothermic process. Moreover, it was a feasible and spontaneous process.

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Litopoulou-Tzanetaki, E., A. Bayliss, R. A. Patchett, and R. G. Kroll. "Adsorption of bacteria to ion-exchange materials." Letters in Applied Microbiology 9, no. 6 (December 1989): 219–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-765x.1989.tb00330.x.

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Fortes, M. C. B., A. H. Martins, and J. S. Benedetto. "Indium adsorption onto ion exchange polymeric resins." Minerals Engineering 16, no. 7 (July 2003): 659–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0892-6875(03)00130-4.

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Breytus, Anna, David Hasson, Raphael Semiat, and Hilla Shemer. "Ion exchange membrane adsorption in Donnan dialysis." Separation and Purification Technology 226 (November 2019): 252–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2019.05.084.

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Silva, F. R. C., and C. C. Santana. "Adsorption of Inulinases in Ion-Exchange Columns." Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology 84-86, no. 1-9 (2000): 1063–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/abab:84-86:1-9:1063.

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Clearfield, A. "Ion exchange and adsorption in layered phosphates." Materials Chemistry and Physics 35, no. 3-4 (October 1993): 257–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0254-0584(93)90141-8.

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Sabadash, Vira, Jaroslav Gumnitsky, and Oleg Konovalov. "RESEARCH AND MODELING KINETICS ION EXCHANGE INTERACTIONS." Environmental Problems 9, no. 1 (2024): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/ep2024.01.008.

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In detail, this study analysed the kinetics of ammonium ion adsorption under dynamic conditions in the "clinoptilolite -ammonium ion" system. The work includes constructing a mathematical model of this process, which allows us to estimate and predict its essential characteristics. Calculations of mass transfer coefficients revealed their dependence on the intensity of medium mixing. A significant result is that ion exchange occurs in externally diffusion and intradiffusion regions. Ion exchange rate constants were calculated for the regions of external and internal diffusion, contributing to a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of this complex process. The research results will expand our knowledge about ion exchange interactions in the " clinoptilolite -ammonium ion" system. In addition, they can be used to optimise the conditions of ammonium adsorption in similar systems, which is essential for practical applications related to water purification and other media from ammonium ions.

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Shimura, Katsuya, Shigehiro Yoshida, Hiroshi Oikawa, and Tadahiro Fujitani. "Impacts of Ni-Loading Method on the Structure and the Catalytic Activity of NiO/SiO2-Al2O3 for Ethylene Oligomerization." Catalysts 13, no. 9 (September 17, 2023): 1303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal13091303.

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To clarify the Ni species of NiO/SiO2-Al2O3 catalysts that are active for ethylene oligomerization, 18 types of NiO/SiO2-Al2O3 were prepared using three Ni-loading methods (i.e., ion-exchange, impregnation, and homogeneous precipitation), with different Ni-loadings (1–20 wt%), and examined with respect to their structure and catalytic activity for ethylene oligomerization. Characterized by N2 adsorption, powder XRD, FE-SEM, H2-TPR, NH3-TPD, and C2H4-TPD showed that Ni species in the catalysts prepared by ion-exchange were mainly ion-exchanged Ni cations. In contrast, Ni species in the catalysts prepared by impregnation were a mixture of ion-exchanged Ni cations and NiO particles, and those in the catalysts prepared by homogeneous precipitation were all NiSiO3 particles. Catalytic-reaction tests at 300 °C and 0.1 MPa revealed the following: the ion-exchanged Ni cations showed the highest C2H4 conversion rate; the NiSiO3 particles showed a moderate reaction rate; and the NiO particles were not active for ethylene oligomerization. We concluded that the high catalytic activity of the ion-exchanged Ni cations was a result of their high dispersion and medium-strength acidity, which together promoted the adsorption and activation of ethylene on, and the desorption of oligomerization products from, the catalyst.

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Palanisamy, P. N., A. Agalya, and P. Sivakumar. "Polymer Composite—A Potential Biomaterial for the Removal of Reactive Dye." E-Journal of Chemistry 9, no. 4 (2012): 1823–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/518581.

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Poly Pyrrle saw dust composite was prepared by reinforcement of natural wood saw dust (obtained fromEuphorbia Tirucalli Lwood) and Poly Pyrrole matrix phase. The present study investigates the adsorption behaviour of Poly Pyrrole Saw dust Composite towards reactive dye. The batch adsorption studies were carried out by varying solution pH, initial dye concentration, contact time and temperature. The kinetic study showed that adsorption of Reactive Red by PPC was best represented by pseudo-second order kinetics with ion exchange adsorption. The equilibrium data were analyzed by Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm model. The equilibrium isotherm data were fitted well with Langmuir isotherm model. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacities calculated by Langmuir model were 204.08 mg/g for Reactive Red at 303 K. The thermodynamic parameters suggest the spontaneous, endothermic nature of ion exchange adsorption with weak Vader walls force of attraction. Activation energy for the adsorption of Reactive by Poly Pyrrole Composite was 11.6387 kJ/mole, Isosteric Heat of adsorption was 48.5454 kJ/mole also supported the ion exchange adsorption process in which forces of attraction between dye molecules and PPC is weak.

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Zhang, Jie Bing, Xiao Li Zhang, Hong Ya Li, Bin Xia Zhao, and Zhu Xiong. "Concentration of Miglitol on Adsorption Effect of Equilibrium and Kinetics." Advanced Materials Research 236-238 (May 2011): 899–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.236-238.899.

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Concentrations of miglitol on the adsorptive capacity effect of resin were investigated.The pseudo first and second order equations were used to describe the kinetic process of ion exchange. The results showed that adsorption of miglitol onto resin is fast and can reach approximate equilibrium after 2.5h. Langmuir model is suitable to describe the equilibrium adsorption.By linear fit of the pseudo first and second order equation and comparing the R2value of correlation coefficient, it finds that the R2value of the pseudo second order equation is bigger, and concludes that the ion exchange process is described by the pseudo second order equation.

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Suppapruek, Matcharee, Poonsub Threepopnatkul, Amnard Sittattrakul, and Wanchai Lerdwijitjarud. "Effect of Chelating Agents on Removal of Heavy Metal Cations of Cellulose-based Ion Exchange Resins from Water Hyacinth." E3S Web of Conferences 302 (2021): 02020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202130202020.

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Presently, heavy metal pollution in natural water resources is considered very hazardous. The purpose of this research is to develop the novel cellulose-based ion exchange resins from water hyacinth and the effect of chelating agents on the removal of heavy metal cations from single-metal aqueous solutions has been investigated. Cellulose was prepared from the stem of water hyacinth by alkaline treatment process then cellulose-based ion exchange resins were prepared via esterification reaction between cellulose with two different chelating agents such as pyromellitic dianhydride and 3,3’,4,4’- benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride. The chemical structure, crystallinity index, surface morphology, and thermal stability of resins were characterized and analyzed with FTIR, XRD, SEM, and TGA, respectively. The results confirmed the esterification reaction between anhydride groups of chelating agents with hydroxyl groups of celluloses due to the apparent peak of the ester group. Heavy metal cations adsorptions were studied in optimum conditions and the residual concentration of heavy metal cations was measured by ICP. These resins showed high adsorption capacities of more than 98 mg/g for Pb2+, Cd2+, Cu2+, and Ni2+. Moreover, the adsorption process was controlled by the ion exchange mechanism. Therefore, the novel cellulose-based ion exchange resins could be suitable for the removal of pollutants from wastewater.

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Wan, Lin Sheng, Shu Sheng Yang, Ling Chen, Hong Chao Li, Li Sun, and Dan Dan Gong. "The Influence of Electrolyte Heterogeneous Phenomenon on Tungsten Ion Exchange." Advanced Materials Research 524-527 (May 2012): 1956–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.524-527.1956.

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This paper studies electrolyte heterogeneous phenomenon and its influence on tungsten ion exchange.It shows that the homogeneous change of WO42- and Clˉmake WO42- positive adsorption of exchange capacity reduced, but reverse adsorption exchange capacity increased;Improve the WO42- solution concentration, increasing the resin layer height, and reducing the ion exchange speed, will strengthen the heterogeneous of features.Low-speed of the positive desorption can increase desorbing agent solution concentration、reduce the dosage of desorbing agent.

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Perangin-angin, Hendri P. "PERTUKARAN ION BATUBARA UNTUK MENGURANGI KADAR Na DENGAN MEMANFAATKAN AIR ASAM TAMBANG." INTAN Jurnal Penelitian Tambang 2, no. 1 (February 27, 2022): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.56139/intan.v2i1.20.

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Coal leaching by using mine acid water and solution Mg2+ can reduce the levels of ash and alkali to its needs grade. Thus demonstrates the ongoing leaching process of ion exchange between the ions contained in coal with ions contained in the solution. Coal can acted as ion exchanger due to its hollow structure that could contained alkali and earth-alkali ions in its cavities. Thus the alkali ions can be exchanged with other ions in solution. Coal have more adsorption affinity to divalent alkali ion such as Mg2+ and Mn2+ compare to monovalent alkali ion such as Na+. For ion with the same charge the ion with smaller volume would be prefer due to the relaxation of matrix contraction within the exchange. The first phase leaching conducted to understand the Na content level trend on coal by comparison to Na solution content. The procedure of the study is as follow: first coal is leached with mine acid water, second the pulp drained and count the Na, Mg, Mn content, and third make the graph using the calculation.

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Cheng, X., Y. Wang, Z. Sun, D. Sun, and A. Wang. "Pathways of phosphate uptake from aqueous solution by ZnAl layered double hydroxides." Water Science and Technology 67, no. 8 (April 1, 2013): 1757–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2013.049.

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ZnAl layered double hydroxides (LDHs) were prepared by urea hydrolysis-based coprecipitation for removing phosphate from aqueous solutions. The chemical formula of the product was determined as Zn5.54Al3.02(OH)8.73(CO3)0.57Cl5.66·7.84H2O. Chloride ion was the major interlayer anion of the ZnAl LDHs. Adsorption of phosphate onto the ZnAl sorbent over the entire study period was not in close agreement with pseudo-first-order or pseudo-second-order models. The adsorption can be divided into two steps. A fast adsorption was observed during the first 10 h with a marked increase in the concentration of Cl− in the bulk solution. This indicated that the adsorption of phosphate was largely attributed to the ion exchange between phosphate and the interlayer Cl−. A second fast adsorption of phosphate occurred after 10 h. During this period, the pH increased slowly, whereas the Cl− concentration was stable. The uptake of phosphate was likely attributed to OH−–H2PO4−/HPO42− ion exchange as well as surface adsorption/complexation. Acidic conditions favored adsorption of phosphate by ZnAl LDHs, which is consistent with the pH increases during the adsorption. Coexisting anions, e.g., SO42− and CO32−, are competitive ions for the adsorption of phosphate. The results verify the contribution of ion exchange and surface adsorption/complexation in the removal of phosphate by ZnAl LDHs.

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Sun, Lin, Ananya Srinivas, and Ron C. Runnebaum. "Understanding the Impact of Key Wine Components on the Use of a Non-Swelling Ion-Exchange Resin for Wine Protein Fining Treatment." Molecules 26, no. 13 (June 26, 2021): 3905. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26133905.

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The impact of key classes of compounds found in wine on protein removal by the ion-exchange resin, Macro-Prep® High S, was examined by adsorption isotherm experiments. A model wine system, which contained a prototypical protein Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA), was used. We systematically changed concentrations of individual chemical components to generate and compare adsorption isotherm plots and to quantify adsorption affinity or capacity parameters of Macro-Prep® High S ion-exchange resin. The pH (hydronium ion concentration), ethanol concentration, and prototypical phenolics and polysaccharide compounds are known to impact interactions with proteins and thus could alter the adsorption affinity and capacity of Macro-Prep® High S ion-exchange resin. At low equilibrium protein concentrations (< ~0.3 (g BSA)/L) and at high equilibrium protein concentrations in model wines at various pH, the adsorption behavior followed the Langmuir isotherm, most likely due to the resin acting as a monolayer adsorbent. The resulting range of BSA capacity was between 0.15–0.18 (g BSA)/(g Macro-Prep® High S resin). With the addition of ethanol, catechin, caffeic acid, and polysaccharides, the protein adsorption behavior was observed to differ at higher equilibrium protein concentrations (> ~0.3 (g BSA)/L), likely as a result of Macro-Prep® acting as an unrestricted multilayer adsorbent at these conditions. These data can be used to inform the design and scale-up of ion-exchange columns for removing proteins from wines.

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Malovanyy, Myroslav, Kateryna Petrushka, and Ihor Petrushka. "Improvement of Adsorption-Ion-Exchange Processes for Waste and Mine Water Purification." Chemistry & Chemical Technology 13, no. 3 (July 15, 2019): 372–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/chcht13.03.372.

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Qiu, Yu, Zheng Lu, Tingzhou Yan, Jian Li, Haixiang Hu, and Hailin Yao. "Adsorption of Polyetheramine-230 on Expansive Clay and Structure Properties Investigation." Materials 17, no. 1 (December 20, 2023): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17010025.

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Polyetheramine (PEA) is a swelling inhibitor used to address engineering challenges arising from the interaction between montmorillonite (Mt) and water. This study comprehensively investigates the adsorption characteristics of PEA on three representative expansive clay samples: Na-Mt, Ca-Mt, and engineered expansive soil. Additionally, the desorption of exchangeable ions is examined. The findings reveal that a two-stage adsorption kinetic model and a pseudo-second-order kinetic model can properly describe the adsorption kinetics of PEA on expansive clays. PEA exhibits a strong capacity for ion exchange with sodium ions, while the exchange capacity for calcium ions is limited. Both protonated and non-protonated PEA contribute to rapid adsorption processes. The adsorption isotherms are well-fitted by the Langmuir and Freundlich models, with the Langmuir model being reasonable. At lower equilibrium concentrations, a higher proportion of the adsorption amount is attributed to ion exchange compared to higher equilibrium concentrations. Ion exchange emerges as the primary factor contributing to the adsorption of PEA on Na-Mt, whereas the adsorption of PEA on Ca-Mt and expansive soil is primarily attributed to physical adsorption by non-protonated PEA. X-ray diffraction results reveal significant intercalation effects of PEA as they penetrate the interlayer space and hinder interlayer ion hydration. Fourier transform infrared spectrum results demonstrate that the adsorption of PEA minimally impacts the framework of Mt structural units but primarily reduces the adsorbed water content. Clay-PEA composites exhibit a decreased affinity for water. Zeta potential experiments indicate that the adsorption of PEA significantly diminishes the surface potential of clay-PEA composite particles, effectively inhibiting their hydration dispersion.

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Zhang, Shaoling, Akihiko Tanioka, and Hidetoshi Matsumoto. "De Novo Ion-Exchange Membranes Based on Nanofibers." Membranes 11, no. 9 (August 25, 2021): 652. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11090652.

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The unique functions of nanofibers (NFs) are based on their nanoscale cross-section, high specific surface area, and high molecular orientation, and/or their confined polymer chains inside the fibers. The introduction of ion-exchange (IEX) groups on the surface and/or inside the NFs provides de novo ion-exchangers. In particular, the combination of large surface areas and ionizable groups in the IEX-NFs improves their performance through indices such as extremely rapid ion-exchange kinetics and high ion-exchange capacities. In reality, the membranes based on ion-exchange NFs exhibit superior properties such as high catalytic efficiency, high ion-exchange and adsorption capacities, and high ionic conductivities. The present review highlights the fundamental aspects of IEX-NFs (i.e., their unique size-dependent properties), scalable production methods, and the recent advancements in their applications in catalysis, separation/adsorption processes, and fuel cells, as well as the future perspectives and endeavors of NF-based IEMs.

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Dinh Trung, Nguyen, Le Thi Ha Lan, Nguyen Thi My Ngoc, and Nguyen An Son. "Investigating the adsorption of cesiun ion (Cs+) on cobalt hexacyanoferrate coated magnetite nanoparticles." Science and Technology Development Journal - Natural Sciences 2, no. 6 (February 21, 2020): 192–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdjns.v2i6.882.

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Co2[Fe(CN)6]/Fe3O4 nanoparticle adsorbent for ion cesium (Cs+) sorption was prepared by a chemical co-precipitation method. The magnetization of the materials makes them to be separated easyly from an aqueous solution by an external magnetic field. The ion Cs+ absorption by Co2[Fe(CN)6]/Fe3O4 nanoparticle follow the ion exchange mechanism, ion exchange capacity depends on the pH, the maximum ion exchange capacity of the material at pH = 4 is 0.40 meq (Cs+)/ g. After 15 min, about 98% of initial ion Cs+ concentration was removed from the solution, the adsorption could be described by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The high adsorption capacity and good performance on other aspects, make the Co2[Fe(CN)6]/Fe3O4 nanoparticle a promissing adsorbent for the removal of ion Cs+ from water.

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Yao, Hui Min, Jun Yi Zhu, and Guang Qing Xia. "The Drug Loading Thermodynamics Mechanism of Eight Cationic Drugs’ Adsorption onto Ion Exchange Fiber." Advanced Materials Research 901 (February 2014): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.901.41.

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The adsorption of eight drugs (Log P range from-2.64~8.98) was investigated by performing batch adsorption experiments. Experiments were carried out as function of contact time, initial concentration and temperature (25-60°C). The equilibrium adsorption data of drugs on ion-exchange fiber were analyzed by Langmuir and Freundlich models. The results indicate that the Langmuir model provides the best correlation of the experimental data. The results indicate that ion-exchange fiber is suitable as drug carriers for loading drugs.

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Liu, Chun Hua, and Chang Bin Xia. "Adsorption of Mn²⁺ Ion in Groundwater with Modified Bentonite." Advanced Materials Research 550-553 (July 2012): 2174–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.550-553.2174.

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The adsorption of Mn2+ion on natural bentonite heated-treated at 110 °C or 200 °C and on acid-treated with H2SO4from aqueous solutions has been investigated under different conditions,such as intial solution pH and initial Mn2+ion concentration.The results show that modified bentonite has a better adsorption capability,and the pH value is the main factor affecting adsorption;bentonite modified at higher temperature has the largest adsorption capability.The adsorption process in solution exhibits Langmuir behaviour and ion exchange and surface complex are chief adsorption form.

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Vasu, A. Edwin. "Adsorption of Ni(II), Cu(II) and Fe(III) from Aqueous Solutions Using Activated Carbon." E-Journal of Chemistry 5, no. 1 (2008): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/690241.

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An activated carbon was tested for its ability to remove transition metal ions from aqueous solutions. Physical, Chemical and liquid-phase adsorption characterizations of the carbon were done following standard procedures. Studies on the removal of Ni(II), Cu(II) and Fe(III) ions were attempted by varying adsorbate dose, pH of the metal ion solution and time in batch mode. The equilibrium adsorption data were fitted with Freundlich, Langmuir and Redlich-Peterson isotherms and the isotherm constants were evaluated. Time variation studies indicate that adsorptions follow pseudo-second order kinetics. pH was found to have a significant role to play in the adsorption. The processes were endothermic and the thermodynamic parameters were evaluated. Desorption studies indicate that ion-exchange mechanism is operating.

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Ivanov, I. V., and O. K. Ivanova. "Mathematical modeling of adsorption isotherms of water vapour on polymeric ionites used in agrochemical practice." E3S Web of Conferences 463 (2023): 01035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202346301035.

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Polymeric ion-exchange materials (ionites) are used in agriculture to make substrates for complete and long-term plant nutrition. The main nutrients in bound form are contained on the ion-exchange groups of the ionite. The degree of dissociation of these groups, and thus the release of ions into the soil, depends on the moisture content. In case of heavy rainfall and during drought, the exchange properties of the ionite will be different. Therefore, the study of water adsorption in such ionites is a rather urgent problem. In this work, the water vapour adsorption by ionites is studied using a thermodynamic model that incorporates the interplay between changes in the energy of dissociation of ion-exchange groups and the osmotic effect. Within the framework of this approach adsorption isotherms are built in the range of air humidity from 0,1 to 1 at physically reasonable values of system parameters. Isotherms have a characteristic inflection point in the area of medium humidity, which allows them to be attributed to isotherms of the fifth type. The obtained model isotherms describe adsorption in mesoporous and microporous materials, which are ionites, and fully correspond to experimental adsorption isotherms of this type.

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Jian, Yan Qiang, Ming Yu Li, and Qing Xuan Zeng. "Thermodynamics of Cr(VI) Adsorption on Thiourea Chelating Ion Exchange Fiber." Advanced Materials Research 894 (February 2014): 121–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.894.121.

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A chelating ion exchange fiber containing thioureido groups for the removal of Cr (VI) has been prepared from chloramethylated styrene grafted polypropylene fiber (2.96 mmol/g Cl) reacted with thiourea, batch adsorption experiments are adopted to investigate its adsorption equilibrium properties, Adsorption isotherms at various temperatures were obtained. Langmuir linear equation model can well describe the adsorption equilibrium data suggesting that the adsorption process involves both chemisorption and physisorption. The values of thermodynamic parameters, including ΔH, ΔGand ΔS, indicate that the adsorption of Cr (VI) is a spontaneous, entropy-driven and endothermic process.

Journal articles on the topic 'Adsorption and ion exchange'

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