Journal articles: 'Adoption Australia'

1

Hansen, Patricia, and Frank Ainsworth. "Adoption in Australia: Review and reflection." Children Australia 31, no. 4 (2006): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200011317.

Full text

Abstract:

In Australia the rate of local or ‘known’ child adoptions is very low. Figures from the US and the UK (England only) are presented to highlight this issue. Adoptions from State ‘care’ are especially low compared with these other countries. This article explores public and professional commentary that may have contributed to the decline in the use of adoptions in Australia. Given that adoption offers the most permanent alternative care arrangement, suggestions are then made as to how adoption might become a more frequently used route out of State care for some Australian children.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Harper, Juliet. "A Current Issue in Adoption: The Single Adoptive Parent." Children Australia 10, no. 1-2 (1985): 8–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0312897000015319.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractThis paper addresses itself to the topic of the single adoptive parent, a relatively new phenomenon in the adoptive process in Australia. It presents a review of the available research and a critical discussion of some of the pertinent issues raised by a consideration of this area. Brief comment is made about the current Australian scene and it is concluded that with caution, placement of children with single adoptive parents could be made on a routine basis.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Quartly, Marian. "‘[W]e Find Families for Children, Not Children for Families’: An Incident in the Long and Unhappy History of Relations between Social Workers and Adoptive Parents." Social Policy and Society 11, no. 3 (March 30, 2012): 415–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746412000097.

Full text

Abstract:

Relatively little work on adoption focuses on the role of social workers. This article gives an account of the conflict between social workers and prospective adoptive parents which developed in Australia in the 1970s, taking as a case study the conflicting roles of adoptive parent advocates and professional social workers within the Standing Committee on Adoption in the Australian state of Victoria. Its overarching concern lies with the historical attitudes of the social work profession towards adoption, both domestic and intercountry, as these have changed from an embrace of both adoption and adoptive parents to mutual alienation. It concludes that the inclusive practice of radical social work could only briefly contain contesting client groups.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Ainsworth, Frank, and Patricia Hansen. "Establishing Adoption as a Route Out of Care in New South Wales: A Commentary." Children Australia 41, no. 3 (August 17, 2016): 232–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cha.2016.26.

Full text

Abstract:

Over the last 25 years (1990–2015), the number of adoptions of children (and young persons) in Australia declined from 1,142 to 292 (25.5 %). Of the 292 adoptions that took place in 2014–15, 83 (28%) were inter country adoptions, with the remaining 209 (72 %) adoptions of Australian children. Very few of the adoptions of Australian children were in New South Wales. In amendments in 2014 to the New South Wales Children and Young Persons (Care and Protection) Act 1998 and the Adoptions Act 2000, a new emphasis on ‘open’ adoption was introduced. The focus of these amendments is on adoption of children who are in foster care where the New South Wales Children's Court has ruled that there is no realistic possibility of restoration of the child to parental care. This article is about the implementation of this new legislative emphasis on adoption. It does not examine the benefit or otherwise of adoption for children who cannot be safely restored to parental care as this issue has been extensively canvassed elsewhere. This article also highlights the US and English experience of adoption from care in order to place the New South Wales development in perspective. The article concludes with discussion of the issues adoption raises for the parents of a child who is being considered for adoption from care.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Phillips, Rena. "Review: Adoption in Australia." Adoption & Fostering 25, no. 4 (December 2001): 86–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030857590102500417.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Clemes, Michael D., Kathryn Bicknell, Xuedong Li, and Nicole Long. "Clicks or Bricks? Online Shopping Adoption in Australia." Business and Economic Research 11, no. 4 (December 13, 2021): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ber.v11i4.19320.

Full text

Abstract:

Purpose: This research identifies and ranks the decision factors associated with online shopping adoption in Australia. Design/Methodology/Approach: Primary data for this study was collected with self-administered questionnaires and analysed using EFA and logit regression.Findings: The following factors, ranked in order of importance, influence online shopping behaviour in Australia: perceived risk, service quality, website factors, brand image, product variety and Australian product loyalty. The findings also show that demographic characteristics also influence the probability that Australian consumers will shop online. Originality/value: This is the first empirical study in which the decision factors influencing Australian consumers’ decisions to shop online are examined. The research contributes to the empirical literature on online shopping from a theoretical perspective as the modelling framework can be used to analyse online shopping behaviour in different cultural settings. Longitudinal studies based on the modelling framework can also be undertaken to identify emerging decision factors and to track the changes in importance of the current factors. The results will also enable retailers to make informed decisions on their existing or future shopping channels.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Goldney, Robert D., Maxine Donald, Michael G. Sawyer, Robert J. Kosky, and Susan Priest. "Emotional Health of Indonesian Adoptees Living in Australian Families." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 30, no. 4 (August 1996): 534–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048679609065029.

Full text

Abstract:

Objective: To compare the prevalence of emotional and behavioural problems in adolescent adoptees from Indonesia living in South Australian families with that of adolescents living in the community and those referred to mental health clinics in South Australia. Method: Thirty-four Indonesian adoptees completed the Youth Self-Report and their adoptive mothers completed the Child Behaviour Checklist. The results on these instruments were compared with the scores of a community sample and a mental health clinic population. Results: There was a striking similarity between scores on the Youth Self-Report and the Child Behaviour Checklist instruments for the adoption and community groups. Both these groups had significantly fewer problems than adolescents referred to mental health clinics. Conclusions: These results indicate that the outcome in terms of emotional and behavioural health for intercountry adoptions between Indonesia and Australia is favourable.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Marsh, S. P., D. J. Pannell, and R. K. Lindner. "The impact of agricultural extension on adoption and diffusion of lupins as a new crop in Western Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 40, no. 4 (2000): 571. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea99080.

Full text

Abstract:

The growth of the sweet white lupin industry in Western Australia is a classic case of the adoption and diffusion of a new innovation in agriculture. In 1979, following the release of the cultivar Illyarrie, and the development of effective agronomic practices, the Western Australian Department of Agriculture (Agriculture Western Australia) commenced a major extension campaign to promote lupins. Between 1978 and 1987, the area of lupins grown increased from 39 000 to 877 000 ha. However, the pattern of adoption varied widely between regions, with differences in starting time, rate and ceiling levels of adoption. In this paper, we examine regional differences in the start time of the adoption process, and estimate the impact of various factors by using multivariate regression analysis. Results suggest that both Agriculture Western Australia extension activities and the presence of private consultants contributed to earlier start times of the adoption process.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Piccolo, Raffaele. "Adoption Laws in South Australia." Alternative Law Journal 39, no. 2 (June 2014): 130–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1037969x1403900213.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Neupane, Chiranjivi, Santoso Wibowo, Srimannarayana Grandhi, and Hepu Deng. "A Trust-Based Model for the Adoption of Smart City Technologies in Australian Regional Cities." Sustainability 13, no. 16 (August 19, 2021): 9316. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13169316.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper explores the role of stakeholders’ trust in the adoption of smart city technologies, leading to the identification of the critical determinants for adopting smart city technologies in Australian regional cities. A comprehensive review of the related literature has been conducted. Such a review leads to the development of a trust-based research model for investigating the importance of trust in technology and its adoption. This model is then tested and validated with the use of a structural equation modeling technique on the survey data collected from ICT professionals in Australian regional cities. The study results show that perceived usefulness, perceived external pressure and perceived information security influence trust in smart city technologies. Further analysis highlights the significant relationship between stakeholders’ trust and their intention to adopt smart city technologies. This study is unique, as it is one of a few studies that focus on exploring stakeholders’ trust in the adoption of smart city technologies from the perspective of ICT professionals in Australia. The study results can be used by the government agencies to formulate appropriate policies to enhance the use of smart city technologies in the active pursuit of smart city development in Australia.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Karim, Shakir, and Ergun Gide. "Barriers to adopting E-commerce with small to midsized enterprises-SMEs in developed countries: An exploratory study in Australia." Global Journal of Information Technology: Emerging Technologies 8, no. 1 (May 15, 2018): 24–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/gjit.v8i1.3438.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractThe paper aims to provide an insight about barriers affecting e‐commerce adoption with small to midsized enterprises (SMEs) in Australia. The objective of this research is also to consolidate the factors and determine the level of influence, either positively or negatively from the adopter’s perspective, on the adoption decision. This study also examines the factors influencing e-commerce adoption decisions in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Australia. Three groups of factors influencing adoption decisions are identified, including organisational, technology and environmental barriers influencing e‐commerce adoption and implementation in Australia. This paper mainly has used secondary research data and methods to provide a broad investigation of the barriers in Australia, how to overcome the hurdles in SMEs of Australia necessary for SMEs to help facilitate e-commerce adoption. The research is subject to academic journal articles, project reports, media articles, corporation based documents and other appropriate information. In future, questionnaire‐based survey and interview will be conducted with small to midsized businesses in Australia about e‐commerce adoption and implementation. The finding says that one of the most vivid implications of e-commerce for SMEs is the potential for external communication and information gathering for market and product research. However, the most common limitation of e-commerce in Australia is that e-commerce is mainly used for payment purposes only. The study has found that the historical relationship problems between Business Link and SMEs are still causing problems. Cost was not seen as an inhibitor to adopting e‐commerce. Some evidence is emerging that e‐commerce may be able to save failing or struggling businesses. Other unexpected outcomes are that e‐commerce had social benefits for SMEs’ owners in reducing working hours yet still increased sales. The findings also show that in Australia, organisations and manager’s characteristics, perceived benefits, organisational culture, organisational IT competence, technological competency, IT support, availability of financial support, management commitment/support, external pressure and cost of adoption are significant predictors of e-commerce acceptance in the SMEs and have significant relationships with e-commerce adoption in Australia

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Duncanson, Rob, and Walter P. Purio. "Uncharted waters: LNG as a marine fuel in Australasia." APPEA Journal 57, no. 2 (2017): 434. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj16083.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper explores the emerging market for liquefied natural gas (LNG) as a marine fuel, with a particular focus on the market in Australasia. While LNG as a marine fuel is a growing market in the northern hemisphere, slower rates of adoption of LNG fuel technologies in maritime industry are evident in the southern hemisphere. This paper aims to ground the Australasian LNG marine fuel market in a global context and to explore opportunities for Australia to lead the region in developing and adopting LNG as a marine fuel. This paper looks at the key drivers behind championing LNG as a marine fuel, focusing on four main areas of impact; economy, environment, public health and innovation. This paper uses Australia as a case study for the adoption of LNG as a marine fuel in the southern hemisphere. It considers the opportunities presented by LNG as a marine fuel to assist Australia in: achieving energy independence; reducing the impact of air pollution from ships on the environment and public health; and positioning Australia as an innovative leader in LNG as a marine fuel.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

del Pozo de Bolger, Andrea, Debra Dunstan, and Melissa Kaltner. "An exploratory study on open adoptions from foster care in NSW, Australia: Adoptees’ psychosocial functioning, adoptive relationships, post-adoption contact and supports." International Social Work 64, no. 1 (November 12, 2018): 85–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020872818808343.

Full text

Abstract:

This is an exploratory study focused on open adoptions from foster care conducted through the public child protection agency in New South Wales, Australia. The results from an online survey completed by 23 respondents indicated that most of the adoptees were reportedly in the normative range of adjustment, had positive relationships with their adoptive parents and had ongoing contact with their birth families. Most of the adoptive parents had received pre-adoption supports to encourage post-adoption contact. These preliminary results are encouraging, but larger and preferably longitudinal studies are needed to guide decision-making regarding adoptions from foster care. The new challenge for the child welfare system is how to collect reliable data about the well-being of children already living in this permanent type of care and how best to support them.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Kabir, Nahid Afrose. "Are Young Muslims Adopting Australian Values?" Australian Journal of Education 52, no. 3 (November 2008): 229–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000494410805200302.

Full text

Abstract:

Recently politicians in Australia have raised concerns that some Muslims are not adopting Australian values to a sufficient extent. In this paper I explore the notion of Australian values with respect to immigrant youth. By analysing interviews with 32 Muslim students who are 15-18 years of age and of diverse backgrounds in two state schools in Sydney, I focus on the extent to which these young people seem to be adopting Australian values. I discuss the factors that hinder the adoption of Australian values, and whether such hindrance can lead to a possible jihadi threat. This paper relies on oral testimonies and secondary sources, including international literature.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Chua, Yi Lin, Chee Seng Cheong, and Graeme Gould. "The Impact of Mandatory IFRS Adoption on Accounting Quality: Evidence from Australia." Journal of International Accounting Research 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2012): 119–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/jiar-10212.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT Following the mandatory implementation of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in Australia as of January 1, 2005, this study examines its impact on accounting quality by focusing on three perspectives: (1) earnings management, (2) timely loss recognition, and (3) value relevance. Using four years of adoption experience since the mandate was first made effective in Australia for a wide range of accounting-based metrics and market-based information, we find that the mandatory adoption of IFRS has resulted in better accounting quality than previously under Australian generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). In particular, the findings indicate that the pervasiveness of earnings management by way of smoothing has reduced, while the timeliness of loss recognition has improved post-adoption. Additionally, the value relevance of financial statement information has improved, especially for non-financial firms. This is despite the fact that there is evidence to suggest that financial firms are engaged in managing earnings toward a small positive target after the mandatory adoption of IFRS in Australia.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Boss, Peter. "Adoption Australia: A comparative study of adoption legislation and policy." Children Australia 18, no. 3 (1993): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200003473.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Malik, Saleem, Mehmood Chadhar, Madhu Chetty, and Savanid Vatanasakdakul. "Adoption of Blockchain Technology: Exploring the Factors Affecting Organizational Decision." Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies 2022 (August 20, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7320526.

Full text

Abstract:

Blockchain (BCT) is an emerging technology that promises many benefits for organizations, for instance, disintermediation, data security, data transparency, a single version of the truth, and trust among trading partners. Despite its multiple benefits, the adoption rate of BCT among organizations has not reached a significantly high level worldwide, thus requiring further research in this space. The present study addresses this issue in the Australian context. There is a knowledge gap in what specific factors, among the plethora of factors reported in the extant literature, affect the organizational adoption of BCT in Australia. To fill this gap, the study uses the qualitative interpretative research approach along with the technology-organization-environment (TOE) framework as a theoretical lens. The data was mainly drawn from the literature review and semi-structured interviews of the decision-makers and senior IT people from the BCT adopter and potential adopter organizations in Australia. According to the findings, perceived information transparency, perceived risks, organization innovativeness, organization learning capability, standards uncertainty, and competition intensity influence organizational adoption of BCT in Australia. These factors are exclusively identified in this study. The study also validates the influence of perceived benefits and perceived compatibility on BCT adoption that are reported in the past studies. Practically, these findings are helpful for the Australian government and public and private organizations to develop better policies and make informed decisions for the organizational adoption of BCT. The findings would guide decision-makers to think about the adoption of BCT strategically. The study also has theoretical implications explained in the discussion section.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Rao Hill, Sally, Barry Burgan, and Indrit Troshani. "Understanding broadband adoption in rural Australia." Industrial Management & Data Systems 111, no. 7 (August 23, 2011): 1087–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02635571111161307.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Kirk, Andrea K. "Employee Assistance Program Adoption in Australia." Journal of Workplace Behavioral Health 21, no. 1 (January 11, 2006): 79–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j490v21n01_07.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Jackling, Beverley, Paul A. de Lange, and Riccardo Natoli. "Transitioning to IFRS in Australian Classrooms: Impact on Teaching Approaches." Issues in Accounting Education 28, no. 2 (November 1, 2012): 263–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/iace-50358.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT: This paper outlines the impact that transition to International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) had in Australia with reference to the teaching approaches across university accounting classrooms. The discussion begins with a short history of past rules governing accounting in Australia, followed by a review of the transition to IFRS in Australia. An assessment of the ways in which the Australian accounting academic community incorporated the adoption of IFRS into their curriculum is also provided. The review suggests that despite an initial period of foreboding from accounting educators, the transition to IFRS involved minimal changes in teaching approaches. We argue that there were missed opportunities to revise the curriculum, particularly at the introductory level, by adopting a framework-based teaching approach in line with the principles-based IFRS. The paper concludes with some observations about lessons learned from the Australian experience as a guide for accounting faculty in other parts of the world who are about to embark on the transition to IFRS.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Mortimer, Gary, Larry Neale, Syed Fazal E. Hasan, and Benjamin Dunphy. "Investigating the factors influencing the adoption of m-banking: a cross cultural study." International Journal of Bank Marketing 33, no. 4 (June 1, 2015): 545–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijbm-07-2014-0100.

Full text

Abstract:

Purpose – Little is known about the adoption of mobile banking technologies in emerging Asian economies. The purpose of this paper is to empirically examine the motivators that influence a consumer’s intentions to use mobile banking. Design/methodology/approach – A web-based survey was employed to collect data from 348 respondents, split across Thailand and Australia. Data were analysed by employing exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, path and invariance analyses. Findings – The findings indicate that for Australian consumers, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness (PU) and perceived risk (PR) were the primary determinants of mobile banking adoption. For Thai consumers, the main factors were PU, PR and social influence. National culture was found to impact key antecedents that lead to adoption of m-banking. Research limitations/implications – The actual variance explained by the study’s model was higher in Australia (59.3 per cent) than for Thailand (23.8 per cent), suggesting future research of m-banking adoption in emerging Asian cultures. Practical implications – The authors identify the important factors consumers consider when adopting m-banking. The findings of this research give banking organisations a foundational model that can be used to support m-banking implementation. Originality/value – The study is perhaps the first to examine and compare the intention to adopt m-banking across Thai and Australian consumers, and responds to calls for additional research that generalises m-banking and m-services acceptance across cultures. This study has proposed and validated additional constructs that are not present in the original SST Intention to Use model.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Sandu, Nitirajsingh, and Ergun Gide. "Investigation of challenges and opportunities for the adoption of cloud-based Internet of things (IoT) in Australian agricultural SME." Global Journal of Information Technology: Emerging Technologies 7, no. 3 (December 24, 2017): 116–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/gjit.v7i3.2833.

Full text

Abstract:

Increasing adoption of the Internet of things (IoT) is bringing revolutionary changes in the agricultural, manufacturing, retailing and finance industries, as they improve the existing business processes and reduce cost. IoT is seen as a powerful tool for agricultural SMEs in Australia, with the potential to transform farming and food production into a smart web of interconnected objects and, thus, improve the general productivity and sustainability of the food chain. However, as some of the innovative solutions may need to store the data locally on the device, and mostly on the cloud, it raises serious privacy and regulatory concerns. This paper used a pilot online survey to investigate the challenges and opportunities for adoption of IoT for Australian SMEs in agriculture and it is expected that it will help application and solution providers to address any issues that may arise in the Australian scenario. Keywords: Internet of things, cloud systems, small-to-medium enterprises, adoption issue, agriculture, Australia.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Hossain, Mohammad Alamgir, and Mohammed Quaddus. "Factors Affecting RFID Adoption." International Journal of Information Systems and Supply Chain Management 7, no. 3 (July 2014): 24–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijisscm.2014070102.

Full text

Abstract:

In marketing, a customer purchases a product while a consumer uses the product; which means that an adopter of an innovation behaves like a consumer of a new product. But surprisingly no initiative has been made to relate/integrate an adopter with a consumer. This article has done this. Technological, organizational, environmental factors as well as “expectations” from using the technology are important for the acceptance and continued use of a technological innovation. This paper integrates the effect of innovation characteristics along with the expectation on RFID adoption, in the context of Australian livestock industry. To do this, this study first presents a theoretical analysis then presents the outcomes from eight interviews which were conducted among livestock farms in Australia. Finally, it proposes a research framework while proposing eleven propositions related to RFID adoption. Contribution-wise, policy makers may compare their experience with this study, evaluate the past, and find the future direction.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

del Pozo de Bolger, Andrea, Debra Dunstan, and Melissa Kaltner. "Open Adoptions of Children From Foster Care in New South Wales Australia: Adoption Process and Post-Adoption Contact." Adoption Quarterly 21, no. 2 (April 3, 2018): 82–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10926755.2018.1448915.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Mann, Susan. "Adoptive Parents a Practice Perspective." Adoption & Fostering 22, no. 3 (October 1998): 42–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030857599802200307.

Full text

Abstract:

The advent of changing adoption legislation, policy and practice is impacting on all people touched by the adoption experience. Open adoption is now considered to be best practice. In South Australia adoption legislation was changed in 1988. All adoption records were made available retrospectively to adopted people and birth parents unless a five-year veto was placed by either the birth parent or adopted person requesting no contact with the ‘seeker’. As a consequence to these changes, the role of adoptive parents has changed considerably. This change has not been adequately planned for and adoptive parents have few supports in redefining their role in the adoption experience. Susan Mann presents a practitioner's view of the experiences of adoptive parents with recommendations about how to create a more positive and productive dialogue among all parties affected by varying adoption practices. Confidentiality is maintained throughout the paper by the use of pseudonyms.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Zaman, Atiq, Ying-Qi Chan, Emil Jonescu, and Iain Stewart. "Critical Challenges and Potential for Widespread Adoption of Mass Timber Construction in Australia—An Analysis of Industry Perceptions." Buildings 12, no. 9 (September 7, 2022): 1405. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12091405.

Full text

Abstract:

The construction industry is one of the largest producers of greenhouse gases, accounting for 38% of global carbon emissions. Recently, interest in mass timber construction has grown, due to its potential benefits in reducing environmental impact compared to traditional construction methods that use steel and concrete, and in promoting global sustainability and climate agendas, such as the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and global net-zero emissions by 2050. Despite the slow adoption of mass timber construction (MTC) in Australia, some innovative and iconic projects and initiatives have been realised. The research intends to identify critical challenges and potential for broader adoption of MTC in Australia. The study reviewed selected MTC projects, followed by a perception survey and interviews of the relevant industry stakeholders in Australia to understand the key barriers and enablers for the widespread application of MTC in Australia. Significant challenges identified in the research include a lack of understanding of fire safety, regulations, performance, inherent application, and local manufacturers and suppliers, which are yet to be improved. In addition, it was found that prior experience built confidence in the application of MTC. Furthering widespread adoption of MTC technology in Australia beyond cost competitiveness requires the Australian construction industry to work towards developing suitable regulatory and insurance policies, financing, incentivising clients, and a skilled workforce. The study focuses on an investigation in the context of industry perceptions of MTC in Australia. Based on the analysis of the critical characteristics of MTC projects, and using the empirical data, the study identifies key challenges and opportunities in the widespread application of MTC in Australia.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Dell, Peter, Christopher Kwong, and Ying Liu. "Some reflections on IPv6 adoption in Australia." info 10, no. 3 (May 9, 2008): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14636690810874034.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

McDonald, Margaret. "Developments in Adoption Information Legislation in Australia." Adoption & Fostering 16, no. 3 (October 1992): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030857599201600311.

Full text

Abstract:

The year 1990 saw the enactment of adoption information legislation in Queensland (May 1990) and New South Wales (October 1990), the last of the Australian states to grant rights of access to information. Queensland, sometimes referred to as ‘the deep north’, is customarily seen as the most conservative of the states, so there was considerable surprise that such legislation should have passed through the Queensland Parliament unimpeded, with acclaim from all parties. Margaret McDonald reports.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Rafique, Sohaib, and Graham E. Town. "Potential for electric vehicle adoption in Australia." International Journal of Sustainable Transportation 13, no. 4 (September 5, 2018): 245–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15568318.2018.1463416.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Fronek, Patricia. "Operation Babylift: advancing intercountry adoption into Australia." Journal of Australian Studies 36, no. 4 (December 2012): 445–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14443058.2012.727845.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Kent, Pamela, Richard Anthony Kent, James Routledge, and Jenny Stewart. "Choice of governance structure and earnings quality." Accounting Research Journal 29, no. 4 (November 7, 2016): 372–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/arj-06-2014-0056.

Full text

Abstract:

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the effectiveness of voluntary governance mechanisms in Australia. Design/methodology/approach This study identifies similar choices of corporate governance by Australian firms and tests the effectiveness of the choices made based on the earnings quality of reported firms. Cluster analysis is conducted using governance best practice variables, firm size and an earnings quality variable. Findings This paper’s results support the voluntary governance approach for smaller firms, but suggest that mandatory governance requirements could be beneficial for larger firms. Evidence suggests that a benefit accrues for larger firms with the adoption of governance best practice. Cluster analysis indicates that larger firms tend to exhibit higher levels of adoption of governance best practice than smaller firms. Originality/value This paper adds to the literature by providing important information regarding the suitability of adoption of voluntary governance mechanisms in Australia.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Buck, Stuart, Joe Rolfe, Craig Lemin, and Bernie English. "Adoption, profitability and future of leucaena feeding systems in Australia." Tropical Grasslands-Forrajes Tropicales 7, no. 4 (September 3, 2019): 303–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17138/tgft(7)303-314.

Full text

Abstract:

Keynote paper presented at the International Leucaena Conference, 1‒3 November 2018, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.Leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala ssp. glabrata) is a highly palatable and productive forage used mainly by beef producers on extensive properties in northern Australia. When sown into native or sown grass pastures, leucaena provides significant production, economic, environmental and social benefits. Adoption of leucaena was slow initially due to a range of technical, agronomic and landscape factors. These have now been largely overcome through extensive research, development, producer experience and other advances, resulting in around 130,000 ha of cultivated leucaena being utilized across northern Australia.A range of aspects will need to be addressed if the adoption of leucaena is to be accelerated into the future. These include environmental concerns, especially potential weediness, and a range of technological needs, including soil nutritional requirements, grazing and toxicity management, opportunities for companion fodder systems and conservation options. Advances in technology and the ongoing need for a high-quality, profitable and sustainable perennial forage will ensure the continued adoption of leucaena across northern Australia for the foreseeable future.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Abidoye, Rotimi Boluwatife, Ma Junge, Terence Y. M. Lam, Tunbosun Biodun Oyedokun, and Malvern Leonard Tipping. "Property valuation methods in practice: evidence from Australia." Property Management 37, no. 5 (October 21, 2019): 701–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pm-04-2019-0018.

Full text

Abstract:

Purpose Improving valuation accuracy, especially for sale and acquisition purposes, remains one of the key targets of the global real estate research agenda. Among other recommendations, it has been argued that the use of technology-based advanced valuation methods can help to narrow the gap between asset valuations and actual sale prices. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the property valuation methods being adopted by Australian valuers and the factors influencing their level of awareness and adoption of the methods. Design/methodology/approach An online questionnaire survey was conducted to elicit information from valuers practising in Australia. They were asked to indicate their level of awareness and adoption of the different property valuation methods. Their response was analysed using frequency distribution, χ2 test and mean score ranking. Findings The results show that the traditional methods of valuation, namely, comparative, investment and residual, are the most adopted methods by the Australian valuers, while advanced valuation methods are seldom applied in practice. The results confirm that professional bodies, sector of practice and educational institutions are the three most important drivers of awareness and adoption of the advanced valuation methods. Practical implications There is a need for all the property valuation stakeholders to synergise and transform the property valuation practice in a bid to promote the awareness and adoption of advanced valuation methods, (e.g. hedonic pricing model, artificial neural network, expert system, fuzzy logic system, etc.) among valuers. These are all technology-based methods to improve the efficiency in the prediction process, and the valuer still needs to input reliable transaction data into the systems. Originality/value This study provides a fresh and most recent insight into the current property valuation methods adopted in practice by valuers practising in Australia. It identifies that the advanced valuation methods could supplement the traditional valuation methods to achieve good practice standard for improving the professional valuation practice in Australia so that the valuation profession can meet the industry’s expectations.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Thorne, Hannah Briony, Jenna Axtens, and Talitha Best. "Perceptual Factors Influencing the Adoption of Innovative Tissue Culture Technology by the Australian Avocado Industry." Agriculture 12, no. 9 (August 23, 2022): 1288. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12091288.

Full text

Abstract:

Avocado growers in Australia are currently experiencing long wait times for orchard-ready plants, limiting productivity and profitability. Tissue culture technology represents a faster and more efficient process of producing plants, offering a solution. However, the development of new growing technology comes with the inherent risk of industry nonacceptance and limited uptake, a costly problem for both innovators and industry. This study explored factors related to technology acceptance by the intended end-users of tissue culture technology within the avocado industry in Australia. The study provides key insights into the overall industry sentiment towards uptake and adoption of tissue-culture technology. An online survey was conducted with participants from the Australian avocado industry and demonstrated perceptions of tissue culture technology were generally positive and that, with appropriate extension services, adoption is predicted to be high across industry users. This paper contributes to the behavioural science of technology adoption by exploring perceived use and likely uptake prior to the broad extension strategies of a new technology.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Lam, May, Simon Critchley, Alyssa Zhang, and Paul Monsour. "Current trends in the adoption and education of cone beam computed tomography and panoramic radiography machines across Australia." Dentomaxillofacial Radiology 50, no. 5 (July 1, 2021): 20200380. http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/dmfr.20200380.

Full text

Abstract:

Objectives: This is a follow-up study to assess growth in the number of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and panoramic radiography (PR) machines in Australia. It is also the first study to evaluate the current status of both CBCT and PR education in Australia. Methods: CBCT and PR machine numbers were obtained from the radiation regulators across Australia. Australian dental schools were surveyed via email. The number of machines relative to population size and the number of dentists were calculated. Results: In 2020, there were 706 CBCT machines and 3,059 PR machines, representing a 204.3% increase in the number of CBCT machines and an 82.0% increase in the number of PR machines over six years. Majority of Australian dental schools owned PR and CBCT machines. Most taught PR acquisition and interpretation, however only one-third taught CBCT image acquisition and interpretation to predoctoral students. Conclusions: CBCT machine numbers increased by nearly three-fold while PR machines only increased by 1.6 times over a six-year period relative to population size and number of dentists. Only very few Australian dental schools provide CBCT education to predoctoral students, raising concern as to whether graduates are adequately trained upon program completion.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Regona, Massimo, Tan Yigitcanlar, Bo Xia, and Rita Yi Man Li. "Artificial Intelligent Technologies for the Construction Industry: How Are They Perceived and Utilized in Australia?" Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity 8, no. 1 (January 10, 2022): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/joitmc8010016.

Full text

Abstract:

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a powerful technology that can be utilized throughout a construction project lifecycle. Transition to incorporate AI technologies in the construction industry has been delayed due to the lack of know-how and research. There is also a knowledge gap regarding how the public perceives AI technologies, their areas of application, prospects, and constraints in the construction industry. This study aims to explore AI technology adoption prospects and constraints in the Australian construction industry by analyzing social media data. This study adopted social media analytics, along with sentiment and content analyses of Twitter messages (n = 7906), as the methodological approach. The results revealed that: (a) robotics, internet-of-things, and machine learning are the most popular AI technologies in Australia; (b) Australian public sentiments toward AI are mostly positive, whilst some negative perceptions exist; (c) there are distinctive views on the opportunities and constraints of AI among the Australian states/territories; (d) timesaving, innovation, and digitalization are the most common AI prospects; and (e) project risk, security of data, and lack of capabilities are the most common AI constraints. This study is the first to explore AI technology adoption prospects and constraints in the Australian construction industry by analyzing social media data. The findings inform the construction industry on public perceptions and prospects and constraints of AI adoption. In addition, it advocates the search for finding the most efficient means to utilize AI technologies. The study helps public perceptions and prospects and constraints of AI adoption to be factored in construction industry technology adoption.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Hong, Ying, Ahmed W. A. Hammad, Samad Sepasgozar, and Ali Akbarnezhad. "BIM adoption model for small and medium construction organisations in Australia." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 26, no. 2 (March 18, 2019): 154–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-04-2017-0064.

Full text

Abstract:

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a model for building information modelling (BIM) implementation at small and medium-sized construction contractor organisations (SMOs). The proposed BIM adoption model assesses BIM implementation benefits, costs and challenges faced by SMOs. Correlation between BIM adoption in SMOs and the associated impacting factors, including knowledge support and BIM adoption motivation, is captured through the model.Design/methodology/approachA literature review of BIM adoption in construction was first presented. Research data, collected from 80 SMOs in Australia through a conducted survey, are then analysed. Descriptive analysis and structural equation modelling were used to investigate SMOs’ understanding of BIM, and to qualify the correlations among the proposed latent variables impacting BIM implementation at SMOs, respectively. Additionally, this study usedχ2test to compare differences between BIM users and non-BIM users regarding BIM understanding, interested applications and attitudes towards implementation benefits and challenges.FindingsPotential benefits associated with BIM implementation are a major motivation factor when it comes to BIM adoption at SMOs. In addition, existing staff’s capability in using BIM tools positively affects the establishment of an organisational knowledge-support system, which determines the decision of adopting BIM eventually. Ultimately, there is a need for further emphasis on staff engagement in the implementation process.Research limitations/implicationsThe results presented in this paper are applicable to SMOs in the building sector of construction. BIM implementation at organisations involved in non-building activities, including civil works and infrastructure, needs to be assessed in the future.Practical implicationsThe results indicate that rather than placing the focus mainly on benefits of BIM implementation, successful implementation of BIM in practice requires adequate effort to assess implementation problems, establish knowledge support and engage staff in using BIM.Originality/valueResults of this study provide an insight into the adoption challenges of BIM in SMOs, given that the focus of previous studies has been mostly placed on BIM adoption in architectural firms and large contractors.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Kenny, Sean, and Geoff Drysdale. "Current and future adoption of leucaena-grass pastures in northern Australia." Tropical Grasslands-Forrajes Tropicales 7, no. 4 (September 3, 2019): 315–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17138/tgft(7)315-330.

Full text

Abstract:

Keynote paper presented at the International Leucaena Conference, 1‒3 November 2018, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.The leucaena-grass pastures and target markets for adoption project was commissioned by Meat & Livestock Australia (MLA) to examine the scope for further adoption of leucaena-grass pastures in northern Australia. Drawing upon stakeholder and producer interviews, focus groups, mapping of biophysical factors critical to growing leucaena and a review of existing literature, regional adoption profiles were developed using the ADOPT model. This work outlines the current and future potential for adoption of leucaena in northern Australia and recommends 5 interrelated strategic actions designed to support the ongoing adoption. These actions have been designed to address the complex technical, social and biophysical requirements for successful adoption and will require collaboration between investors, The Leucaena Network, producers, government agencies and the private sector to be effective.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Luu, Betty, Amy Conley Wright, and Melanie Randle. "General public perceptions and motivations to adopt children from out-of-home care in New South Wales, Australia." Children Australia 44, no. 4 (August 19, 2019): 212–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cha.2019.33.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractRecent reforms in New South Wales (NSW), Australia, prioritise adoption over long-term foster care. While previous research has examined motivation to foster, less is known about the interest by the general public in adoption from out-of-home care. A general sample of the NSW public (N = 1030) completed an online survey about adoption practices and their willingness to consider adopting from out-of-home care, with background questions on perceived social support and life satisfaction. Barriers to pursuing adoption were identified, including concerns about the characteristics of the child related to their experiences of care and personal impacts including financial costs. Availability of post-adoption supports was viewed positively as increasing interest in adoption. General Linear Model univariate analyses identified that likelihood of considering adoption was primarily predicted by younger age, knowing someone who had been adopted as a child, actively practicing religion, living in the city rather than a regional area and higher life satisfaction. Customised marketing campaigns can target people more likely to consider adoption, with messages that resonate with their social and psychological characteristics. There is also a need for policy changes to ensure adequate provision of post-adoption support.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

McPharlin, Nancy, Hugh Stewart, Deanna Gibbs, Holly Bowen-Salter, and Kobie Boshoff. "Neonatal Occupational Therapy in Australia: A Survey and Recommendations for Developing Guidelines for Clinical Practice." Allied Health Scholar 1, no. 1 (July 26, 2020): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.21913/tahs.v1i1.1558.

Full text

Abstract:

Aim and Background: Occupational Therapists form an essential part of the development and care of infants and families in Neonatal Units (NNU) across the world, however, little is documented about their practice in Australia. This article aims to develop a greater understanding of the role of Occupational Therapy in NNU in Australia, compared with international practice guidelines, and recommends the adoption of UK guidelines until Australia specific guidelines emerge. Method: An online questionnaire was developed from a systematic scoping review and piloted by an expert panel. Invitations were sent to thirty Occupational Therapists working in NNUs around Australia. Data analysis included using descriptive statistics and qualitative themes. Results: Twenty two (73%) of NNU Occupational Therapists responded to the survey, representing all levels of NNU. Results describe the current Occupational Therapy role in Australia as encompassing assessment, intervention, teamwork and a variety of ‘other’ activities, all of which required advanced knowledge, skills and paediatric experience, and involved ongoing high-level professional development. Occupational Therapy has a unique role to play in neonatal units. Future development of the role is reliant upon good advocacy and promotion, specialised training opportunities, prospects for networking, support and mentorship for the many Therapists working part-time, and ongoing research. The Australian Occupational Therapy NNU role compares similarly with those cited internationally (UK & US). The development of guidelines for evidence based clinical practice of neonatal Occupational Therapy in Australia was highly sought by clinicians. The adoption of the ‘Occupational Therapy in neonatal services and early intervention: practice guideline’ (RCOT 2017) is proposed until the emergence of specific Australian guidelines.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Adams, Peter, Mark Farrell, Barney Dalgarno, and Edward Oczkowski. "Household Adoption of Technology: The Case of High-Speed Broadband Adoption in Australia." Technology in Society 49 (May 2017): 37–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2017.03.001.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Cuthbert, Denise. "Some Useful Sources." Social Policy and Society 11, no. 3 (May 23, 2012): 481–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746412000164.

Full text

Abstract:

In addition to the literature surveyed in the review article and the references provided by each of the authors, further sources are provided here. This selection might appear idiosyncratic for international readers given its Australian focus but it has been made because the sources (not likely to be widely known outside Australia) provide current, rich and unique ethnographic data on the complex politics of intercountry adoption in a receiving country and of past practices in domestic adoption, both of which have implications for current policy and practice.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Lim, Ly Ly. "A Multicultural Act for Australia." Cosmopolitan Civil Societies: An Interdisciplinary Journal 10, no. 2 (July 27, 2018): 47–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ccs.v10i2.5981.

Full text

Abstract:

Multiculturalism as a public policy framework depends on states identifying cultural differences among their citizens as salient for resource allocation, political participation and human rights. The adoption of multiculturalism as a term and a framework signifies the recognition of a politics of difference within a liberal democratic framework of identities and aspirations. Yet the national government in Australia unlike any other country with espoused policies of multiculturalism has chosen to have neither human rights nor multicultural, legislation. This paper argues that multicultural societies require either or both sets of legislation to ensure both symbolic affirmation and practical implementation. Taking inspirations from international, Australian State and Territory based multicultural and diversity legislations, and modelling on the Australian Workplace Gender Equality Act of 2012, this paper explores what should be included in a national multicultural legislation and how it could pragmatically operationalise in Australia to express multiculturalism’s emancipatory agenda.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Cuthbert, Denise, Marian Quartly, Shurlee Swain, and Kay Dreyfus. "Social and Political History of Adoption in Australia." Adoption & Culture 4, no. 1 (2014): 59–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ado.2014.0003.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Quartly, Marian, Kate Murphy, and Denise Cuthbert. "Political Representations of Adoption in Australia, 2005–2007." Adoption & Culture 2, no. 1 (2009): 141–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ado.2009.0000.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Khan, Irfanuzzaman, Md Abu Saleh, Ali Quazi, and Raechel Johns. "Health consumers’ social media adoption behaviours in Australia." Health Informatics Journal 27, no. 2 (April 2021): 146045822110099. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14604582211009917.

Full text

Abstract:

This research identifies the underlying drivers impacting on health consumers’ social media usage and acceptance behaviours using technology acceptance model (TAM) as the theoretical lens. A cross-sectional survey of 265 health consumers was conducted through a mall intercept technique. Participants in the survey were over the age of 18 and had access to a public or private healthcare service provider. The data were analysed using structural equation modelling (SEM). The major findings show that perceived ease of use, privacy threat, information quality, social influence and self-efficacy influence health consumers’ social media adoption behaviours. Perceived usefulness was not found to affect health consumers’ social media adoption behaviours. The moderation analysis showed that influences of privacy threats are non-significant for mature age respondents and non-frequent users of social media. This study’s findings have important implications for designing social media strategies for the healthcare industry. The drivers that positively impact on health consumers’ social media usages can be integrated into meaningful strategies to capture the attention of potential consumers. They need to be educated, informed and engaged as health consumers so that they employ social media effectively to their advantage.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Harper, Juliet. "Inter-Country Adoption of Older Children in Australia." Adoption & Fostering 10, no. 2 (July 1986): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030857598601000209.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Chapple, Sandra. "IFRS adoption in Australia: A strong structuration perspective." Accounting History 23, no. 3 (December 11, 2017): 265–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1032373217741142.

Full text

Abstract:

This article provides an historical account of conditions and actions which gave rise to the decision to adopt International Financial Reporting Standards in Australia. This decision is seen as a ‘moment’ within a much broader movement of history, namely, the emergence of a transnational neoliberal global order comprising networks of multilateral arrangements and strategic alliances, as well as ambiguous but powerful social, political and cultural forces. Those phenomena and their force in the context of accounting standard setting are examined here through a conflation of Castells’ work on globalisation with the strong structuration model of Stones. This article demonstrates the potential of the Stones/Castells theoretical nexus to contribute to future accounting research, not only within the narrow realm of rule-making but more broadly in our attempts to understand and critique the manner in which global neoliberal processes have come to impact contemporary experience.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Hopkins, D. L., E. S. Toohey, K. L. Pearce, and I. Richards. "Some important changes in the Australian sheep meat processing industry." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 48, no. 7 (2008): 752. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea07393.

Full text

Abstract:

In the last 5 years there has been a dramatic increase in the adoption in the Australian sheep meat processing industry of electrical technologies designed to streamline processing and improve product quality. Part of this change was initiated by an Australia-wide audit of lamb tenderness in 1997–98 and the development of a program to establish an eating quality scheme for sheep meat across Australia. Critically, these initiatives coincided with the development of new ways of administering electrical currents to either bodies or carcasses. Underlying this new approach is the electrocution of carcasses individually on segmented electrodes in a dose responsive way with electricity that has short pulse widths and lower voltages. This paper documents the pivotal factors which have contributed to this level of industry adoption and which has seen 14 abattoirs install the new technology. Of these abattoirs only one previously had any form of stimulation and these abattoirs represent more than 70% of the throughput of sheep and lambs on a tonnage basis per year in Australia.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Miah, Muhammad Shahin. "Audit Fee Premium for Industry Specialization: A Developed Country Perspective." Journal of Accounting, Business and Management (JABM) 26, no. 2 (October 10, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.31966/jabminternational.v26i2.409.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper examines the effects of industry specialization (city-level, nationallevel, and joint-level) on audit pricing in the Australia. By using Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) listed companies, this study documents that auditors who are industry specialists at both city-and national-level charge significantly higher audit fees compare to those auditors who are specialists either only at city-level or only at national-level industry specialist. However, in further analysis, this study documents that firms who are city-level industry specialists they charge relatively higher audit fees than nationallevel industry specialists, which is consistent with prior research on audit fee premiums studies concentrated in Australia. The greater audit fees charged by city-level industry specialists auditors are possibly attributed to recent changes in accounting regulations environment in Australia (e.g., mandatory adoption of IFRS). Such a significant shift in financial reporting environment due of IFRS adoption can affect audit expertise which may be reflected in this study. This study findings are robust in a set of alternative tests following prior research.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Adoption Australia'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles