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Journal articles on the topic 'Adolescent suicide'
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1
Cook, Robert S., Tracy L. Cross, and Karyn L. Gust. "Psychological Autopsy as a Research Approach for Studying Gifted Adolescents Who Commit Suicide." Journal of Secondary Gifted Education 7, no. 3 (May 1996): 393–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1932202x9600700304.
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Suicide is currently the second leading cause of death among adolescents. Research into gifted adolescent suicide is extremely limited. Investigations in this area are hampered by the infrequent occurrence of gifted adolescnet suicide and other factors such as the stigma attached to suicide. The body of knowledge about gifted adolescent suicide can be increased by utilizing alternative research approaches such as the psychological autopsy, a retrospective approach to studying suicide. The psychological autopsy and its use in studying the suicides of three gifted adolescents are described in this article.
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Miller, Adam Bryant, and Mitchell J. Prinstein. "Adolescent Suicide as a Failure of Acute Stress-Response Systems." Annual Review of Clinical Psychology 15, no. 1 (May 7, 2019): 425–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-050718-095625.
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Suicide is the second leading cause of death worldwide for adolescents. Despite decades of research on correlates and risk factors for adolescent suicide, we know little about why suicidal ideation and behavior frequently emerge in adolescence and how to predict, and ultimately prevent, suicidal behavior among youths. In this review, we first discuss knowledge regarding correlates, risk factors, and theories of suicide. We then review why adolescence is a period of unique vulnerability, given changing biology and social network reorganization. Next, we present a conceptual model through which to interpret emerging findings in adolescent suicide research. We suggest that a promising area for future research is to examine adolescent suicide as a failure of biological responses to acute stress in the proximal moments of a suicidal crisis. After reviewing initial evidence for this conceptualization, we review future directions for studies on adolescent suicide.
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Mohammad Nurunnabi, Monowar Ahmad Tarafdar, Afroza Begum, Sultana Jahan, and A F M Rezaul Islam. "Adolescent suicide and suicidal behavior: a review." Z H Sikder Women’s Medical College Journal 3, Number 2 (July 1, 2021): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.47648/zhswmcj.2021.v0302.08.
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Suicide among adolescent has emerged as a major public health issue in many low and middle-income (LAMI) countries. Suicidal behavior including ideation and attempt are the most important predictors of completed suicide and offer critical points for intervention. This article reviews recent population and national data based studies of adolescent suicide and suicide attempters for analyzing risk factors for adolescent suicide and suicidal behavior. According to WHO estimates, 800,000 suicide deaths occurred worldwide in 2016 and it is the third leading cause of death for 15-19 year olds. The suicide rate in Bangladesh was 5.9 per 100,000 population in 2016 (4.7 for males and 7.0 for females). Approximately, 90 percent of suicide cases meet criteria for a psychiatric disorder, particularly major depression, substance abuse and prior suicide attempts are strongly related to adolescent suicides. The relationship between psychiatric disorders and adolescent suicide is now well established. Factors related to family adversity, social alienation and precipitating problems also contribute to the risk of suicide. The main target of effective prevention of adolescent suicides is to reduce suicide risk factors. Recognition and effective management and control of psychiatric disorders, e.g. depression, are essential in preventing adolescent suicides. Research on the treatment of diagnosed depressive disorders and of those with suicidal behavior is reviewed.
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Silva, Rodrigo Sousa, Rafael de Almeida Machado, Layanne Santos Carneiro, Guilherme Henrique Moreira Azevedo, Fernando Tranqueira Silva, Clarissa Bezerra Nunes de Sá, Gabriel da Silva Oliveira, and Erminiana Damiani De Mendonça. "FATORES DE RISCO ASSOCIADOS AO SUICÍDIO NA ADOLESCÊNCIA: UM REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA NO PERÍODO DE 2004 A 2019." Revista de Patologia do Tocantins 6, no. 2 (June 9, 2019): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.20873/uft.2446-6492.2019v6n2p50.
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Introdução: O suicídio na adolescência constitui-se num importante problema de saúde pública mundial e, é desencadeado por diversos fatores socioeconômicos e culturais. Trata-se de uma doença incapacitante visto que são graves e negativos os impactos psicossociais que decorrem das tentativas de suicídio tanto para o indivíduo, quanto para seus familiares. O estudo objetiva descrever os principais fatores de risco associados ao suicídio na adolescência, presentes na literatura. Método: É um estudo de revisão integrativa realizado a partir de dados secundários obtidos, por meio de busca de artigos no período de 2004 a 2019, acessando as bases de dados Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed. Resultados e discussão: A maioria dos estudos apontam que as mu¬lheres estão mais propensas à ideação suicida e os homens, à prática do ato suicida. Os principais estudos sobre o tema indicam a depressão como sendo o principal fator de gatilho que impulsiona uma mudança de ideação suicida para um intento suicida. Pesquisas sugerem que a automutilação não suicida é um preditor robusto de futuras tentativas de suicídio; no entanto, automutilação não-suicida raramente tem sido considerada dentro de uma estrutura de ideação para ação. Abuso de substâncias psicoativas e, problemas nos núcleos familiar e escolar configuram fortes preditores de comportamento suicida entre os adolescentes. Conclusão: O suicídio é um fenômeno complexo que traz consequências negativas não só para família da vítima, mas também para o meio social no qual o adolescente está inserido. As adversidades da infância (especialmente as violências físicas e abusos sexuais) são poderosos indicadores do início e persistência de comportamentos suicidas. Logo, a escola, principal local em que adolescente convive, tem papel estratégico para a promoção e proteção da saúde dos alunos em conjunto com ações governamentais de apoio à prevenção do suicídio.
Palavras-chave: autolesão não suicida; Suicídio; Tentativas de suicídio; Adolescência, fatores para suicídio.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: The suicide in the adolescence consist in an important problem of world public health, and is triggered by several socioeconomic and cultural factors. It is an incapacitating disease since the psychosocial impacts resulting from suicide attempts are serious and negative. This study aims to describe the main risk factors associated with suicide in adolescence, present in the literature. Method: This is an integrative review study based on secondary data obtained through the search of articles from 2004 to 2019, by accessing the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), Latin American and Caribbean Literature databases Health Sciences (LILACS), Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed. Results and discussion: Most studies indicate that women are more prone to suicidal ideation and men suicidal acts. Major studies on the subject indicate that depression is the main trigger factor that drives a shift from suicidal ideation to a suicidal attempt. Research suggests that non-suicidal self-mutilation is a robust predictor of future suicide attempts; however, non-suicidal self-mutilation has rarely been considered within a framework of ideation for action. Abuse of psychoactive substance and problems in the family and school nuclei are strong predictors of suicidal behavior among adolescents. Conclusion: Suicide is a complex phenomenon that has negative consequences not only for the victim’s family but also for the social environment in which the adolescent is inserted. The adversities of childhood (especially physical violence and sexual abuse) are powerful indicators of the onset and persistence of suicidal behavior. Therefore, the school, the main place where adolescents live, plays a strategic role in promoting and protecting students’ health in conjunction with government actions to support suicide prevention.
Key-words: non suicide self-injury; Suicide; Suicide attempts; Adolescence, factors for suicide.
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Picouto, María Dolores, Francisco Villar, and María Dolores Braquehais. "The role of serotonin in adolescent suicide: theoretical, methodological, and clinical concerns." International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health 27, no. 2 (May 1, 2015): 129–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijamh-2015-5003.
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Abstract Introduction: Adolescent suicide is a complex phenomenon that has similarities and differences with adult suicidal behavior. Serotonergic (5-HT) dysfunction has extensively been studied in adults and has been postulated as a biological marker for suicide. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive review of the studies available in MEDLINE from January 1998 until January 2014 on the role of “serotonin” both in adults’ and adolescents’ “completed suicide”, “suicide attempts”, and “suicidal ideation”. Results: Studies on 5-HT conducted in adults and replicated in adolescents have yielded inconsistent results. Although some genes related to the serotonergic system have been associated with an increased risk of suicide, attempts to reproduce those findings have been unsuccessful and a common genetic variant associated to suicidal behavior has yet to be identified. Discussion: Studies on the neurobiology of adolescent suicide should consider the biological specificities of this life stage and of gender differences during this period. Future research designs should also try to integrate findings in the psychological and biological domains. Prospective studies may help understand the process that leads from suicidal ideation to suicide attempts or completed suicides in this population.
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Shek, Daniel T. L., Britta M. Lee, and Joyce Chow. "Trends in Adolescent Suicide in Hong Kong for the Period 1980 to 2003." Scientific World JOURNAL 5 (2005): 702–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2005.83.
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This paper utilizes existing statistics on adolescent suicide to examine adolescent suicide trends and patterns in Hong Kong for the period 1980 to 2003. Several trends and patterns could be revealed from the analyses. First, there was a gradual rising trend where adolescent suicide rates in the 1990's and the early 2000's were higher than those in the 1980's. Second, suicide rates for adolescents aged 10-24 years were lower than those of other adult age groups. Third, although adolescent suicide rates in Hong Kong were lower than those reported in some English-speaking countries and Mainland China, the figures were higher than those reported in Taiwan. Fourth, suicide rates among teenagers in early adolescence were lower than those among adolescents in late adolescence. Fifth, although male adolescent suicide rates were in general higher than female adolescent suicide rates (10-24 age group), gender differences in suicide rates appeared to be moderated by age. Sixth, there was a gradual rising trend in adolescent proportional mortality rates for suicide since the 1990's. Seventh, proportional mortality rates for suicide among teenagers in early adolescence were lower than those among adolescents in late adolescence. Finally, although jumping from a height was a common method of adolescent suicide, there was a rising trend of using other methods, such as taking drugs, hanging and charcoal burning. The observed adolescent suicide phenomena are discussed in this study with reference to the socio-cultural context of Hong Kong.
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Marušič, Andrej, Saška Roškar, and Roderick H. Hughes. "Familial Study of Suicidal Behavior Among Adolescents in Slovenia." Crisis 25, no. 2 (March 2004): 74–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910.25.2.74.
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Summary: The number of adolescents who attempt or complete suicide is increasing. Risk factors range from mental disorders, to problems at school, family problems, or difficulties in establishing relationships. A further important, and too often underestimated, risk factor for adolescent suicide is the presence of suicidal behavior in the adolescent's family. We investigated 184 high school adolescents in a region in Slovenia with a high suicide rate (30/100,000/year). They were questioned by means of an anonymous questionnaire about the presence of suicidal behavior in their relatives and about the presence of suicidal thoughts, plans, and acts in themselves. The results revealed that 13% of the adolescents studied had a relative who had attempted suicide and a further 9% of the adolescents had lost a relative due to suicide. About half of all females and almost a third of males had had suicidal thoughts (differences between sexes were statistically significant: χ2 = 6.13; p < .01). Attempted suicide among relatives was positively correlated with the presence of suicidal plans among adolescents (Φ = 0.15; p < .05). This correlation proved to be even stronger and statistically more significant in men when we split the sample by gender. All variables (suicidal thoughts, suicidal plans, and suicide attempts) in the adolescent males positively correlated with attempted suicide among their relatives (Φ = 0.28, p < .01; Φ = 0.26, p < .05; Φ = 0.34, p < .01; respectively). Our results speak in favor of a higher risk of suicidal behavior among adolescents with suicidal behavior in their families.
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Cheng, C. C. J., W. J. Yen, W. T. Chang, K. C. C. Wu, M. C. Ko, and C. Y. Li. "Risk of adolescent offspring's completed suicide increases with prior history of their same-sex parents' death by suicide." Psychological Medicine 44, no. 9 (September 24, 2013): 1845–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291713002298.
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BackgroundTo investigate the risk of completed suicide in offspring during adolescence in relation to prior history of the same-sex parent's death by suicide and other causes.MethodA total of 500 adolescents who died by suicide at age 15–19 years between 1997 and 2007 were identified from the Taiwan Mortality Registration (TMR). For each case, 30 age- and time-matched controls were selected randomly from all adolescents registered in the Taiwan Birth Registry (TBR). A multivariate conditional logistic regression model was used to assess the risk of adolescent completed suicide in relation to their same-sex parent.ResultsAdolescent suicide risk was positively associated with both paternal [odds ratio (OR) 5.38, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.17–13.33] and maternal suicide (OR 6.59, 95% CI 1.82–23.91). The corresponding risk estimates associated with paternal and maternal deaths from non-suicidal causes were much lower, at 1.88 and 1.94 respectively. The risk of suicide in male adolescents was significantly associated with prior history of paternal death by suicide (OR 8.23, 95% CI 2.96–22.90) but not of maternal death by suicide (OR 3.50, 95% CI 0.41–30.13). On the other contrary, the risk of suicidal death in female adolescents was significantly associated with prior history of maternal suicide (OR 9.71, 95% CI 1.89–49.94) but not of paternal suicide (OR 2.42, 95% CI 0.30–19.57). However, these differences did not reach statistical significance.ConclusionsAlthough limited by sample size, our study indicates that adolescent offspring suicidal death is associated with prior history of their same-sex parent's death by suicide.
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Overholser, James C., Stacy R. Freiheit, and Julia M. DiFilippo. "Emotional Distress and Substance Abuse as Risk Factors for Suicide Attempts." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 42, no. 4 (May 1997): 402–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674379704200407.
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Background: Both depression and hopelessness have been found to be closely related to suicide risk among adolescents and adults. Substance abuse has also been found to play a role in the suicide process with adults, but it is still unclear how much substance abuse influences suicide in adolescents. Method: The present study examined the relationship between substance abuse, emotional distress, and suicidal intent among 115 adolescent psychiatric inpatients who had attempted suicide. Results: Measures of emotional distress, as well as the measures of substance abuse, were significantly intercor-related. Correlations across domains (emotional distress versus substance abuse), however, varied by gender. Among adolescent females, both depression and hopelessness were significantly related to suicidal intent, whereas among adolescent males, only depression was related to suicidal intent. Also, alcohol abuse was significantly related to depression and hopelessness in adolescent males. Conclusions: Hopelessness may not be as useful an indicator of suicide risk among adolescent males as it is with adolescent females. Intervention and prevention programs designed for adolescent females should identify and address feelings of depression and hopelessness. New intervention and prevention programs may need to be developed for adolescent males.
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Feigelman, William, Martin Plöderl, Zohn Rosen, and Julie Cerel. "Research Note on Whether Sexual Minority Individuals Are Over-Represented Among Suicide's Casualties." Crisis 41, no. 3 (May 2020): 229–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910/a000626.
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Abstract. Background: Past studies have repeatedly shown higher suicidal thoughts and attempts among sexual minority members, yet have remained opaque on whether these groups are more prone to taking their own lives. Aims: This short report focuses on suicide deaths among sexual minority members. Method: We utilized two large-scale surveys: one, among adults, the updated Cumulative General Social Surveys, and the other, among adolescents, The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health), where respondents' data were cross-linked to National Death Index death records. Results: Results confirmed pre-existent findings showing elevated suicide rates among sexual minority females but not among sexual minority males. Limitations: The shortfall of female adolescent suicides in the Add Health sample prevented us from examining the question of female sexual minority suicides within this population. Conclusion: Although ample evidence demonstrates higher suicidal thoughts and attempts among sexual minority males, three studies presently do not confirm their greater propensity to die by suicide, compared with heterosexual males; yet, for sexual minority females the evidence is steadily mounting showing their greater suicide risks.
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Geller, Jeffrey L., and Peter Metz. "Adolescent Suicide; The Suicidal Adolescent." Psychiatric Services 48, no. 12 (December 1997): 1597. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/ps.48.12.1597.
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Lee, Yeon-Jung, Jin-Young Lee, and Minjae Kim. "Parental Factors Related to Adolescent Girls’ Suicide Attempts: A Cross-Sectional Study from 2015 to 2018." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 15 (July 31, 2021): 8122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18158122.
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Adolescent suicide is a serious global health concern. Although familial transmission of suicidal behaviors has been identified in previous research, the effects of parental gender remain unknown. This study identified the influence of parental suicidal behaviors on suicide attempts among adolescent girls. We collected data through a cross-sectional, nationwide, population-based survey in South Korea and evaluated data from 890 adolescent girls (aged 12–18 years) who had attempted suicide and their parents. Hierarchical logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors related to suicide attempts among adolescent girls. The final model indicated that mothers’ suicidal plans and attempts (OR = 6.39, OR = 12.38, respectively) were important risk factors for suicide attempts in adolescent girls. Future studies should identify specific methods for effective prevention and treatment through path analysis of the related factors affecting suicidal behavior of adolescents according to their parents’ gender.
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Ferrer, Laia, and Teresa Kirchner. "Suicidal Tendency Among Adolescents With Adjustment Disorder." Crisis 36, no. 3 (May 2015): 202–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910/a000309.
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Abstract. Background: Adolescents with adjustment disorder (AD) are at risk of presenting suicidal symptoms. Certain personality traits are linked to suicidal tendencies. There is a lack of information about the link between suicide and personality patterns in adolescents with AD. Aims: To identify the personality characteristics that predispose to or prevent the development of suicidal ideation and behavior among adolescents with AD. Method: We recruited 108 adolescents with AD at a public mental health center near Barcelona (Spain). They were administered the Inventario de Riesgo Suicida para Adolescentes (IRIS) to assess suicidal symptoms, as well as the Millon Adolescent Clinical Inventory (MACI) and the 16PF Adolescent Personality Questionnaire (16PF-APQ) to appraise personality features. Results: Doleful personality emerged as the principal risk for suicidal symptoms. The conforming personality pattern exerted a protective effect, and emotional stability was associated with low levels of suicidal tendencies. Among the Big Five factors, anxiety had the highest explanatory power for suicidal tendencies. Conclusion: Certain personality characteristics are associated with heightened or reduced risk of suicidal tendencies in adolescents with AD. Their identification is important for clinicians designing treatment programs for these patients.
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Terzi-Unsal, Sevim, and Emine Gul Kapci. "RISK FACTORS FOR SUICIDAL BEHAVIOR: PSYCHOSOCIAL RISK MODELS WITH TURKISH ADOLESCENTS." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 33, no. 6 (January 1, 2005): 593–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2005.33.6.593.
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This study aimed to test three different suicide models for adolescents residing in a Turkish City, Batman. A total of 605 adolescents from five different high schools participated in this study (M=411, F=190, sex of 4 participants not recorded). A Psychosocial Variables Form (developed for this study), the Offer Self-Image Questionnaire (Offer, Ostrov, Howard, & Dolan, 1989, adapted by Sahin 1993), the Adolescence Life Events Questionnaire (Kapci & Terzi-Unsal, 2001), the Piers-Harris Self-Worth Scale for Children (Harris & Piers, 1969, adapted by Catakli & Oner, 1996), the Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire (Linehan & Nielsen, 1981, adapted by Bayam, Dilbaz, Bitlis, Holat, & Tuzer, 1995), the Beck Hopelessness Scale (Beck, Weissman, Lester, & Trexler, 1974, adapted by Durak, 1994), the Suicide Ideation Questionnaire (Dilbaz, Holat, Bayam, Tuzer, & Bitlis, 1995), the Brief Symptom Inventory (Derogatis, 1992, adapted by Sabin & Durak, 1994) and the Multidimensional Scale for Perceived Social Support (Zimmet, Dahlen, Zimmet, & Farley, 1998, adapted by Eker & Arkar, 1995) were utilized. The data were analyzed by using Structural Equation Modeling. The findings suggest that adolescent life events, psychosocial variables, social support and self-image are secondary risk factors for adolescent suicides, predicting self-worth, psychological health and hopelessness. These variables, in turn, predicted suicide ideation – identified as a primary risk factor – that predicted suicide behaviors. The results are discussed in the context of primary-secondary risk factors for adolescent suicides.
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Horesh, Netta. "Self-Report vs. Computerized Measures of Impulsivity as a Correlate of Suicidal Behavior." Crisis 22, no. 1 (January 2001): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027//0227-5910.22.1.27.
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Objectives: To compare the use of a self-report form of impulsivity versus a computerized test of impulsivity in the assessment of suicidal adolescent psychiatric inpatients. Methods: Sixty consecutive admissions to an adolescent in patient unit were examined. The severity of suicidal behavior was measured with the Childhood Suicide Potential Scale (CSPS), and impulse control was measured with the self report Plutchik Impulse Control Scale (ICS) and with the Test of Variables of Attention (TOVA), a continuous performance test (CPT). The TOVA is used to diagnose adolescents with attention deficit disorder. Results: There was a significant but low correlation between the two measures of impulsivity. Only the TOVA commission and omission errors differentiated between adolescent suicide attempters and nonattempters. Conclusions: Computerized measures of impulsivity may be a useful way to measure impulsivity in adolescent suicide attempters. Impulsivity appears to play a small role only in nondepressed suicidal adolescents, especially boys.
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Amare, Tadele, Solomon Meseret Woldeyhannes, Kelemua Haile, and Tebikew Yeneabat. "Prevalence and Associated Factors of Suicide Ideation and Attempt among Adolescent High School Students in Dangila Town, Northwest Ethiopia." Psychiatry Journal 2018 (June 11, 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7631453.
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Background. Suicide is a major public health problem and is common among adolescents worldwide. The true extent of the problem in Ethiopia is difficult to ascertain as suicides and suicidal behavior are significantly underreported and understudied. Objective. We assessed the prevalence and factors associated with suicide ideation and suicide attempt among adolescent high school students in Dangila Town, Ethiopia. Methods. This school-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April to May 2015 in Dangila Town. Data were collected from adolescent high school students using pretested, self-administered Amharic-language questionnaire. We conducted bivariable and multivariable logistic regression to identify the independent factors associated with suicide ideation and attempt. Results. A total of 573 of 603 sampled students participated in the study (95% response rate). The mean (±SD) age of the respondents was 17.52 (±0.97) years. The minimum and maximum ages were 15 and 19 years, respectively. The prevalence of suicide ideation and attempt was 22.5% and 16.2%, respectively. School absenteeism [AOR 4.30, 95% CI (2.03, 9.10)] and poor social support [AOR 5.58, 95% CI (2.25, 13.84)] were positively associated with suicide ideation. Poor social support [AOR 4.55, 95% CI (1.40, 14.77)] and being physically hurt [AOR 4.25, 95% CI (1.77, 10.20)] were positively associated with suicide attempt. Unlike previous studies of adolescents in low-income countries, we find no association between gender or alcohol use and suicidal thoughts or attempts. Conclusion. This study revealed that at least one in five of the adolescents in our sample had experienced suicide ideation and one in six had attempted suicide. School absenteeism, poor social support, and experience of violence were identified as independent contributors to suicide ideation and attempt. These findings suggest a need for education policymakers to implement school-based behavioral therapy programs in collaboration with health institutions and programs to provide social support for vulnerable students.
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Adams, Dalia M., James C. Overholser, and Anthony Spirito. "Stressful Life Events Associated with Adolescent Suicide Attempts." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 39, no. 1 (February 1994): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674379403900109.
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This study was designed to examine the types of stressful events that are related to adolescent suicidal behaviour. Adolescent inpatients who attempted suicide and a control group of high school students were compared on various types of stressors. The stressors were categorized according to their type (for example, discrete events versus chronic strains) and source (for example, family or friends). Compared to high school controls, adolescents who attempted suicide reported elevated levels of major negative events and exit events. Both chronic strains and discrete stressors were related to an increased severity of depression and suicidal ideation. The results support the notion that increased stress is related to adolescent suicidal behaviour. Different approaches to categorizing stress may improve the understanding of the relationship between stressful life events and suicide. Also, sex differences may influence the relationship between life stress and suicidal feelings.
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Wasserman, D. "Early Phases of Mental Disorders in adolescence and Young Adulthood." European Psychiatry 24, S1 (January 2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(09)70338-4.
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Suicide is one of the leading causes of mortality among adolescent suicides. Data from the WHO European Multicentre study on attempted suicide indicates that rates of attempted suicide and suicide in the young co-vary. The association is strongest and significant for male adolescents and young adults. Furthermore, recent studies have reported a shift to suicide methods with higher lethality for both genders.Suicide prevention strategies are directed at the general population and health care services. Suicide risk is high among adolescents with psychiatric illness, so adequate treatment and detection of psychiatric illnesses in young people is essential. Preventive measures in health care services after a suicide attempt and early recognition of young people at risk in schools are also essential strategies.The emphasis of suicide prevention work needs to shift to an earlier stage of the suicidal process. This question is addressed by the global suicide prevention initiative SUPRE (SUicide PREvention), in the WHO publication Preventing suicide: a resource for teachers and other school staff, which can be adapted to local conditions and inserted in syllabuses for training both pupils and staff.An intervention project called SAYLE: Saving Young lives in Europe is funded by the EU for adolescents in European schools over 12 EU countries. Its main objectives are to lead adolescents to better health through decreased risk taking and suicidal behaviours. Outcomes of preventive programs will be evaluated and culturally adjusted models for promoting health of adolescents in different European countries are planned to be developed.
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Pinhas, Leora, Harriet Weaver, Pier Bryden, Nagi Ghabbour, and Brenda Toner. "Gender-Role Conflict and Suicidal Behaviour in Adolescent Girls." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 47, no. 5 (June 2002): 473–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674370204700509.
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Objective: This study examined whether gender-role conflict influenced the suicidal behaviour of adolescent girls. Method: We designed a checklist and used it to perform a chart review. Results: Gender-role conflict was associated with suicidal behaviour in 26.79% of the adolescent girls, and 2.68% of the adolescent boys, that we studied. Conclusions: Gender-role conflict plays an important role in the suicidal behaviour of girls. At present, there is no published research examining the impact of gender-role conflict on suicidal adolescents. Objectif: Cette étude examine si le conflit entre sexe et rôle influence le comportement suicidaire des adolescentes. Méthode: Nous avons mis au point une liste de vérification et l'avons utilisée pour effectuer une étude de dossiers. Résultats: Le conflit sexe-rôle était associé au comportement suicidaire chez 26,79 % des adolescentes et chez 2,68 % des adolescents que nous avons observés. Conclusions: Le conflit sexe-rôle joue un rôle important dans le comportement suicidaire des filles. À l'heure actuelle, aucune étude n'a été publiée sur l'effet du conflit sexe-rôle sur le suicide des adolescentes.
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Khramov, E. V. "Psychological and psychosomatic risk factors of suicidal intentions in adolescents." Современная зарубежная психология 9, no. 1 (2020): 68–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/jmfp.2020090107.
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The article presents an overview of modern foreign studies, which aim to study the psychological, somatic and psychosomatic risks of suicidal behavior of adolescents, and, as an empirical illustration, results of the study of psychological and psychosomatic correlates of adolescent depression and suicidality. A rather extensive list of risk factors for suicide, described in foreign literature, was reduced to four classes: somatic (psychosomatic), intrapsychological, socio-psychological, behavioral. It has been shown that the greatest association with suicidal intentions and attempts belongs to depressive states, however, this association, in most cases, is mediated by other predictors of the risk of a suicide. The results of the empirical study described the main psychosomatic dysfunctions in adolescents’ suicides, usually accompanied by asthenic states.
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Cruz Morales, Elena Mª, Beatriz Valdayo Rosado, and Rocío Martín Almenta. "INVESTIGACIÓN ENFERMERA SOBRE LAS MANIFESTACIONES CLÍNICAS Y LA PREVENCIÓN EN LA CONDUCTA SUICIDA EN LA ADOLESCENCIA." International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology. Revista INFAD de Psicología. 2, no. 1 (October 22, 2017): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.17060/ijodaep.2017.n1.v2.934.
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Abstract.NURSING RESEARCH ON CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS AND PREVENTION OF SUICIDE BEHAVIOR IN ADOLESCENCESuicide is the second leading cause of death, according to the who, at the age of adolescence. Although not very common in children’s ages, ages within the adolescent estimation, there is usually an increase in suicide since this age is an era in which there are great internal conflicts and where to develop the instinct of resilience, responsibility and face more optimally your academic development. It's a time in which puts their identity sexual, establishes relationships social, need of be more independent. Finally, as we discussed earlier, it is a period of many changes, which is moving from childhood to adulthood. Also include risk factors that precipitate the teenager to the ideation/planning suicide, such as mental disorders, sudden changes in his life such as the separation of the parents, economic changes, etc. prevention is a good tool to prevent a fatal outcome of the person having ideation suicidal. For this, it is recommended to watch the State deprimible that the young person has, perform active listening, go to professional help, use of empathy and feelings accompanying, helps the social introduction and realization of sport, among others.Keywords: suicidal behavior, suicide, teens, nurse, prevention and risk factors.Resumen.El suicidio, se considera la segunda causa de muerte, según la OMS, en la edad de la adolescencia. Aunque no suele ser muy común en edades infantiles, en edades comprendidas dentro de la estimación adolescente, suele haber un aumento del suicidio ya que esta edad se trata de una época en la que existen grandes conflictos interiores y dónde hay que desarrollar el instinto de resiliencia, responsabilidad y afrontar de forma más óptima su desarrollo académico. Es una época en la que sitúa su identidad sexual,establece relaciones sociales, necesidad de ser más independientes. En fin, como comentamos antes, se trata de una etapa de muchos cambios , que es pasar de la infancia a la edad adulta. También, se incluyen factores de riesgos que hagan precipitar al adolescente a la ideación/planeación suicida, como son alteraciones mentales, cambios bruscos en su vida como puede ser la separación de los padres, cambios económicos,etc. La prevención es una buena herramienta para evitar un fatal desenlace de la persona que tiene ideaciones suicidas. Para ello, se recomienda vigilar el estado deprimible que tiene el joven, realizar escucha activa, acudir a ayuda profesional, uso de la empatía y acompañamiento de sus sentimientos, ayuda a la introducción social y realización de deporte, entre otros.Palabras Claves: conducta suicida, suicidio, adolescencia, enfermera, prevención y factores de riesgo.
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Shafti, Saeed. "Comparison between Adolescents and Adults Respecting Suicidal Behavior: A Native Local Study." Clinical Research Notes 1, no. 1 (February 24, 2020): 01–05. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2690-8816/002.
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Introduction: while some of scholars believe that combining adult and adolescent suicidal behavior findings can result in misleading conclusions, some of researchers have stated that suicidal behavior may be a different phenomenon in adolescents than in adults. Hence, in the present study, the clinical profile of suicidal behavior among adult and child & adolescent psychiatric inpatients, has been compared with each other, to assess their resemblances or variances, in a non-western, local patient population. Methods: five acute academic wards, which have been specified for admission of first episode adult psychiatric patients, and five acute non-academic wards, which have been specified for admission of recurrent episode adult psychiatric patients, had been selected for current study. In addition, child & adolescent section of Razi psychiatric hospital was the field of appraisal concerning its specific age-group. All inpatients with suicidal behavior (successful suicide and attempted suicide, in total), during the last five years (2013-2018), had been included in the present investigation. Besides, clinical diagnosis was based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition. Intra-group and between-group analyses had been performed by ‘comparison of proportions’. Statistical significance as well, had been defined as p value ≤0.05. Results: As said by results, during a sixty months period, sixty-three suicidal behaviors among adult patients, including one successful suicide and sixty-two suicide attempts, and fourteen suicide attempts among child & adolescent patients, without any successful one, had been recorded by the security board of the hospital. While among adults and child & adolescent patients no significant gender-based difference was evident, with respect to suicidal conduct, among adults, the most frequent mental illness was bipolar I disorder, which was significantly more prevalent in comparison with other mental disorders. The other disorders included schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, personality disorders (borderline & antisocial), substance abuse disorders, and adjustment disorder. Among child & adolescent subjects, the most frequent mental illness was, once more, bipolar I disorder, followed by conduct disorder, and substance abuse disorder. Moreover, no significant difference was evident between the first admission and recurrent admission cases in adults or child & adolescents. While self-mutilation, self poisoning and hanging were the preferred methods of suicide among both groups, self-mutilation was significantly more prevalent than the other ways. Conclusion: While the annual incidence of suicidal behavior in inpatient adults and child & adolescents was comparable, bipolar disorder was the most frequent serious mental illness among suicidal subjects of both groups. Moreover, self-mutilation was the preferred method of suicide in adult and child & adolescent psychiatric inpatients.
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Sari, Mutmainnah, Arbianingsih Arbianingsih, and A. Adriana Amal. "The Analysis of The Incidence of Depression and Risk of Suicide Using Buddy App on Teenagers in Makassar." Journal of Health Science and Prevention 3, no. 3S (December 6, 2019): 110–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.29080/jhsp.v3i3s.286.
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The data from the World Health Organization in 2017, suicidal behavior of teenagers Indonesia of 13-17 years old, as many 5.6% teens had made plans related to the way they committed suicide. The aim of this research is to find out the analysis of the incidence of depression and risk of suicide using Buddy App on teenagers in Makassar. This research was an analytic quantitative with cross-sectional study approach. As many 285 teenagers involved in this research recruited by simple random sampling. Data collected by using a of depression namely KADS that are provided through online form and questionnaire of risk of suicide, namely CSSRS using buddy apps. It is called Buddy App because of its function as an application that can be a close friend to users. The incidence of depression and risk of suicide is higher in the late adolescents. Mean of depression in early adolescent (4.78) and late adolescent (6.31). The statistical test results showed the significant differences between the incidence of depression (p-value 0,000) and the level of risk of suicide (p-value 0,022) in early adolescence and late adolescents. The next researcher is expected to examine the level of depression in each level of suicide risk by developing the questionnaire of depression.
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Afifi, Tracie O., Brian J. Cox, and Laurence Y. Katz. "The Associations between Health Risk Behaviours and Suicidal Ideation and Attempts in a Nationally Representative Sample of Young Adolescents." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 52, no. 10 (September 1, 2007): 666–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674370705201007.
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Objective: To examine associations between health risk behaviours and suicidal ideation and attempts in Canadian adolescents aged 12 to 13 years. Young adolescents think about and attempt suicide. However, most existing research on suicide has been conducted on individuals aged 15 years and older. Method: The present study examined a nationally representative Canadian sample of adolescents aged 12 to 13 years ( n = 2090). Health risk behaviours included disruptive (shoplifting, physical fighting, damaging property, fighting with a weapon, carrying a knife, and gambling), sexual (petting below the waist and sexual intercourse), and substance use behaviours (smoking cigarettes, consuming alcohol, marijuana or hash, and glue or solvents). Unadjusted and adjusted (for all significant health risk behaviour and psychiatric symptoms) models were tested. Results: All health risk behaviours were common among male and female adolescents. In unadjusted models, almost all health risk behaviours were associated with suicidal ideation and attempts among adolescent boys. In adjusted models, only damaging property, sexual intercourse, and smoking cigarettes remained statistically associated with suicidal ideation, while smoking cigarettes and using marijuana or hash remained statistically associated with suicide attempts among adolescent boys. All health risk behaviours were statistically associated with suicidal ideation and attempts among female adolescents in unadjusted models. In adjusted models, only carrying a knife remained statistically associated with suicidal ideation, while shoplifting and gambling remained statistically associated with suicide attempts among adolescent girls. Conclusions: Health risk behaviours among young adolescents are associated with suicidal ideation and attempts among young adolescents. Recognizing health risk behaviours among young adolescents may be one means of understanding who among them is at increased risk of suicidality.
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Beautrais, Annette L. "Child and Young Adolescent Suicide in New Zealand." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 35, no. 5 (October 2001): 647–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0004867010060514.
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Objective: To describe the epidemiology and characteristics of all suicide deaths among under 15-year-olds in New Zealand over a 10-year period. Method: In a 10-year retrospective study the features of all 61 children and young adolescents aged less than 15 years who died by suicide in New Zealand from 1989 to 1998 were examined by review of coronial files. Results: Suicide among under 15-year-olds is very rare but increasing. Suicide risk increases with age: the majority of those who die are aged 14 years (57.4% of the total) or 13 years (26.2%). Boys (72.1%) and Maori (57.4%) predominate. Most suicides occurred in children not living in intact biological families (67.2%). Hanging was the predominant method (78.7%). One in three children left suicide notes. One in four had a history of contact with social welfare authorities. There was a family history of suicide in 10% of cases. A minority had a documented history of prior suicide attempts (13.1%) or mental health problems (23%). One in four (23%) was reported to have made threats of suicide within the year prior to their death. A majority of deaths appeared to have been precipitated by relatively minor family arguments or disciplinary events, which, however, occurred in the context of actual or anticipated disruptions or transitions in family living arrangements or school circumstances, or severe family problems. Conclusions: In general, the impression of young adolescent suicide was of a disadvantaged, vulnerable and distressed group of adolescents growing up in extremely difficult circumstances. Maori children predominate in this group. There is clearly a need to verify these impressions with an in-depth investigation of the familial and social circumstances of children who die by suicide. Such investigations might best be conducted by annual mortality review and monitoring of all young adolescent suicides.
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Balazs, J. "Diagnosing and Treating Suicidal Adolescents." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S41—S42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.186.
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Suicide is the second leading cause of death in Europe among 15–29 year olds. Adolescence is a sensitive period during development with several age specific factors, which can increase suicidal risk.As it is in all cases, the first step of the diagnostic procedure of suicidal adolescents is creating an appropriate environment for the evaluation and rapport building.More than 90% of suicidal adolescents has ongoing and usually untreated psychiatric disorder/s and about three-quarters of them has at least one subthreshold diagnosis. Potential common risk factors of adolescence suicide include both internalizing and externalizing disorders, such as major depressive episode, substance use and conduct disorder. The comorbidity of psychiatric disorders–both subthreshold and threshold - has been associated with increased risk for suicide. The careful assessment of subthreshold and full psychiatric disorders of suicidal adolescent is important in suicide prevention and the treatment of suicidal adolescents. The diagnostic procedure includes both clinical assessment and using validated (semi) structured diagnostic interviews. Rating scales can provide information on the severity of the patient's symptoms. Next to the assessment of the symptoms it is important to take the history and to get know about adolescents’ possible life events. Clinicians should carefully screen potential suicidal behavior itself, which includes both clinical assessment and validated interviews and tests.Complex treatment of suicidal adolescents can include, if it is necessary hospitalization due to the management of acute suicide risk and the appropriate treatment of subthreshold and threshold psychiatric disorders with the consideration of possible life events.Disclosure of interestThis work was supported by OTKA K108336 grant.Judit Balázs was supported by the János Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences.
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Kim, JaHun, Elaine Walsh, Kenneth Pike, and Elaine A. Thompson. "Cyberbullying and Victimization and Youth Suicide Risk: The Buffering Effects of School Connectedness." Journal of School Nursing 36, no. 4 (January 21, 2019): 251–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1059840518824395.
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Bullying has been linked to adolescent suicidal behavior. With dramatic increases in social media use among youth, understanding the influence of cyberbullying on adolescent suicidal behavior has become central to prevention efforts. This study examined the potential protective role of school connectedness in the relationship between cyberbullying and suicide risk behavior. Data were from 93 adolescents participating in a longitudinal study of an intervention to prevent health-risk behavior including suicidal behavior. Hierarchical logistic regression was used to examine the influence of cyberbullying and school connectedness on adolescent suicidal behavior. Findings indicated that being a victim of cyberbullying, but not a perpetrator, was associated with increased risk of suicide and that connections to school moderated this relationship in that, among youth who were victims of cyberbullying, those more connected to school were less likely to report suicidal behavior. Implications for school-based suicide prevention and school nurse practice are discussed.
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Van den Berg, Henriëtte, Hester Tancred, and Dap Louw. "ADOLESCENTS' PERCEPTIONS OF STRESSORS CONTRIBUTING TO SUICIDAL BEHAVIOUR." Southern African Journal of Social Work and Social Development 26, no. 2 (March 2, 2017): 192–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/2415-5829/2243.
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South African adolescents show increased levels of suicidal behaviour. This article explores the perceptions of adolescents at risk of suicide regarding the psychosocial stressors they believe contribute to suicidal behaviour among South African adolescents. This study was conducted on 214 adolescents from the Western Cape Province with a high suicide risk. The group was selected on the basis of their high scores on the Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire. A qualitative content analysis was performed with their responses on a question about the reasons for adolescent suicide. The analysis highlighted risk factors relating to substance abuse, negative emotional experiences, lack of self-esteem, problem-solving ability and hope for the future; negative family environment and conflict in family relationships; peer group and romantic relationships; stressful life events; and socioeconomic factors. Guided by the Conservation of Resources (COR) theory suggestions were made for adolescent resource development to counter-act the impact of the various stressors they experience.
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Forte, Alberto, Giuseppe Sarli, Lorenzo Polidori, David Lester, and Maurizio Pompili. "The Role of New Technologies to Prevent Suicide in Adolescence: A Systematic Review of the Literature." Medicina 57, no. 2 (January 26, 2021): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina57020109.
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Background and objectives: Suicide in adolescents represents a major public health concern. To date, a growing number of suicide preventive strategies based on the use of new technologies are emerging. We aimed to provide an overview of the present literature on the use of new technologies in adolescent suicide prevention. Materials and methods: An electronic search was run using the following keywords: Technology OR Technologies OR APP OR Application OR mobile application) AND (Adolescent OR youth OR puberty) AND (Suicid* OR Self-harm OR self-destruction). Inclusion criteria were: English language, published in a peer-reviewed journal, suicide prevention with the use of new technologies among adolescents. Results: Our search strategy yielded a total of 12 studies on the use of telemedicine, 7 on mobile applications, and 3 on language detection. We also found heterogeneity regarding the study design: 3 are randomized controlled trials (RCT), 13 are open-label single group trials, 2 are randomized studies, and 1 is a cross-sectional study. Telemedicine was the most adopted tool, especially web-based approaches. Mobile applications mostly focused on screening of depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation, and for clinical monitoring through the use of text messages. Although telepsychiatry and mobile applications can provide a fast and safe tool, supporting and preceding a face-to-face clinical assessment, only a few studies demonstrated efficacy in preventing suicide among adolescents through the use of these interventions. Some studies suggested algorithms able to recognize people at risk of suicide from the exploration of the language on social media posts. Conclusions: New technologies were found to be well accepted and tolerated supports for suicide prevention in adolescents. However, to date, few data support the use of such interventions in clinical practice and preventive strategies. Further studies are needed to test their efficacy in suicide prevention among adolescents and young adults.
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Zayas, Luis H., Carolina Hausmann-Stabile, and Jill Kuhlberg. "Can Better Mother-Daughter Relations Reduce the Chance of a Suicide Attempt among Latinas?" Depression Research and Treatment 2011 (2011): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/403602.
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National surveys and other research on adolescent Latinas show that adolescent females have higher rates of suicidal ideation, planning, and attempts than other ethnic and racial minority youth. Internalizing behaviors and family conflicts are commonly associated with suicidality in research on adolescents. In the case of Latinas, we explore the connection between adolescent Hispanic cultural involvement, mother-adolescent mutuality, internalizing behaviors, and suicidality. This paper presents data from a study of 232 Latinas, some with a recent history of suicide attempts (n=122). The results show that higher adolescent Hispanic cultural involvement was associated with greater mother-daughter mutuality and thus led to reduction in the likelihood of suicide attempts. The relationship between mother-daughter mutuality and suicide attempts among Latinas is mediated by specific internalizing behaviors (withdrawn depressive). Our findings highlight the positive effect that Latino cultural values have in the relationship between Latina adolescent and their mothers and confirm the importance that internalizing behaviors and the mother-daughter relationship have for suicide attempters.
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Reith, David M., Ian Whyte, Greg Carter, and Michelle McPherson. "Adolescent Self-Poisoning." Crisis 24, no. 2 (March 2003): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027//0227-5910.24.2.79.
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Abstract: Previous self-harm has been identified as a risk factor for subsequent suicide by adolescents. The objective of the study was to identify further risk factors for subsequent premature death and suicide in a population of adolescents presenting with self-poisoning. A longitudinal cohort design using data-linkage of consecutive adolescent patients presenting to the Hunter Area Toxicology Service, a regional toxicology service for Newcastle, Australia, with the National Death Index of the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare was used. A total of 441 adolescents aged 10 to 19 years presented with self-poisoning over 5 years from January 1991 to December 1995, with follow-up to March 2001. There were 14 deaths total, eight of which were likely suicides. There was a 22-fold increase in suicide rate for males and a 14-fold increase for females compared with age-normalized population rates. Adjusted hazard ratios (95% CI) for premature death were male gender 3.77 (1.11-12.78), nonaffective psychotic disorders 16.3 (3.83-69.34) and the mental illnesses of childhood 6.12 (1.68-22.23). There was a similar pattern for suicide: Male gender, nonaffective psychotic disorders, and the mental illnesses of childhood confer greater risk for subsequent suicide or premature death in this population.
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Liu, Jiacheng. "Need to establish a new adolescent suicide prevention programme in South Korea." General Psychiatry 33, no. 4 (July 2020): e100200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gpsych-2020-100200.
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Adolescent suicide is the leading cause of death among South Korean (Korean) youth. Despite great efforts being made towards suicide prevention in Korea, the suicide rate has not decreased significantly. There is an urgent need for a new adolescent suicide prevention strategy. This paper describes the seriousness of the issue of adolescent suicide in Korea, evaluates its current management by the SWOT analysis (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats) and further recommends a new suicide prevention programme that integrates national/social involvement (State Suicide Intervention Committee, suicide posts’ monitoring, parental divorce information sharing and Adolescence Mental Health Promotion Foundation), school-based programmes (continuous monitoring system, psychology consultation team and mental health educational curricula) and family-based programmes (parental education and family-school communication). In addition, genetic analysis, biochemical tests and psychological disease registration are the indispensable elements that aid in suicidal behaviour prevention and prediction.
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Hazell, Philip. "Adolescent Suicide Clusters: Evidence, Mechanisms and Prevention." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 27, no. 4 (December 1993): 653–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048679309075828.
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Cluster suicides account for an estimated 5% of all teenage suicides in the USA. Not all hypothesised clusters are verified, however, when submitted to statistical analysis. This paper reviews possible mechanisms underlying adolescent cluster suicides using the “infectious disease model’, key concepts of which are host susceptibility, modes of transmission, degree of virulence, and dose dependency. Preventive measures against cluster suicides are reviewed, including primary prevention against youth suicide, tempered media reporting of suicide, and “postvention strategies’ directed to communities affected by suicide.
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Xiao, Yunyu, and Wenhua Lu. "Cumulative Health Risk Behaviors and Adolescent Suicide: The Moderating Role of Future Orientation." American Journal of Health Behavior 43, no. 6 (November 1, 2019): 1086–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.5993/ajhb.43.6.7.
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Objectives: In this study, we investigated the association between cumulative health risk behaviors (HRBs) and adolescent suicidal behaviors and the moderating effect of future orientation. Methods: We used data were from 4255 adolescents in grades 9th-12th participating in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Wave I-II). We computed a cumulative HRB index by using 14 HRB indicators covering diet, physical activity, sleep, social media use, safety behaviors, and substance use. We used multilevel mixed-effect logistic regressions to analyze associations among cumulative HRBs, future orientation, and suicidal behaviors, adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, depression, and complex survey design. We included 3-way interaction terms to explore moderation effect. Results: Cumulative HRBs significantly increased the odds of suicidal ideation (AOR = 1.27, 95% CI = [1.17, 1.37], p <. 001) and suicide attempts (AOR=1.26, 95% CI = [1.09, 1.46], p <. 01) across time. Future orientation moderated the associations between cumulative HRBs and suicide attempts differently across race/ethnicity. Engaging more than 4 cumulative HRBs, black adolescents with low future orientation had significantly higher risks of suicide attempts than those with high future orientation. Conclusions: Findings underline cumulative HRBs as significant risk factors for adolescent suicidal behaviors longitudinally. Suicide interventions targeting HRBs could benefit from nurturing future orientation.
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Thompson, Thomas R. "Childhood and Adolescent Suicide in Manitoba: A Demographic Study." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 32, no. 4 (May 1987): 264–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674378703200403.
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All suicides for ages 20 years and younger in Manitoba from 1971 to 1982 were studied for demographic and risk factors. Major demographic findings for Caucasian Manitobans agreed with past studies but native children showed several fold the rates for Caucasian children matched for gender and age. Both native males and rural Caucasian males suicided significantly more frequently at younger ages than their urban counterparts. Significant risk factors and demographic clusters of suicide victims were determined by statistical means and the results discussed in terms of a better understanding of childhood suicide, on a psychodynamic basis.
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Aulia, Nur, Yulastri Yulastri, and Heppi Sasmita. "Faktor Psikologi Sebagai Risiko Utama Ide Bunuh Diri pada Remaja di Kota Rengat Kabupaten Indragiri Hulu." Jurnal Penelitian Kesehatan "SUARA FORIKES" (Journal of Health Research "Forikes Voice") 11 (January 5, 2020): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.33846/sf11nk110.
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The high incidence of suicide, especially in this age group in which the teen years may be one time the vulnerability to suicidal ideation. Data from the National Commission for Child Protection in Indonesia of suicides that occurred with the youngest is 13 years old. This can occur due to various risk factors for teen suicide include psychological factors. This study aims to identify suicidal ideation relationship with risk factors for suicide in adolescents. Analytical research design was correlation with cross-sectional approach. Sample 365 adolescents with proportional random sampling. Data were analyzed using logistic regression test. The results showed the number of adolescent suicidal ideation is high. There was a relationship of psychological factors with suicidal ideation (p<0.005).. Psychological factors is most dominant contributing factor that trigger suicidal ideation. Parents and school should improve the counseling in order to identify the presence of suicidal ideation in adolescents earlier.
Keywords: adolescent; suicide idea; suicide risk factors; psychological factor
ABSTRAK
Tingginya angka kejadian bunuh diri khususnya pada kelompok usia remaja dimana masa remaja dapat menjadi salah satu waktu kerentanan terhadap ide bunuh diri. Data dari Komisi Nasional Perlindungan Anak di Indonesia dari kasus bunuh diri yang diterjadi dengan usia termuda adalah 13 tahun. Hal ini dapat terjadi karena berbagai faktor risiko bunuh diri pada remaja diantaranya adalah faktor psikologis. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahaui hubungan ide bunuh diri dengan faktor psikologi diantaranya depresi, kecemasa dan stres pada remaja. Desain penelitian analitik korelasi, pendekatan crosssection. Sampel 365 remaja dengan proposional random sampling. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian adalah sebagian besar remaja memiliki ide bunuh diri yang tinggi. Terdaoat hubungan signifikan antara faktor psikologis dengan ide bunuh diri (p<0,005). Setelah dilakukan analisis multivariate ditemukan bahwa faktor psikologis merupakan faktor yang dominan terhadap ide bunuh diri. Pencegahan kemunculan ide bunuh diri dapat dilakukan dengan peningkatan bimbingan konseling oleh orangtua dan sekolah sehingga ide bunuh diri dapat terdeteksi sejak dini.
Kata kunci: remaja; ide bunuh diri; faktor risiko bunuh diri; faktor psikologis
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Yen, S., L. M. Weinstock, M. S. Andover, E. S. Sheets, E. A. Selby, and A. Spirito. "Prospective predictors of adolescent suicidality: 6-month post-hospitalization follow-up." Psychological Medicine 43, no. 5 (August 30, 2012): 983–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291712001912.
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BackgroundThe aim of this study was to examine prospective predictors of suicide events, defined as suicide attempts or emergency interventions to reduce suicide risk, in 119 adolescents admitted to an in-patient psychiatric unit for suicidal behaviors and followed naturalistically for 6 months.MethodStructured diagnostic interviews and self-report instruments were administered to adolescent participants and their parent(s) to assess demographic variables, history of suicidal behavior, psychiatric disorders, family environment and personality/temperament.ResultsBaseline variables that significantly predicted time to a suicide event during follow-up were Black race, high suicidal ideation in the past month, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), childhood sexual abuse (CSA), borderline personality disorder (BPD), low scores on positive affectivity, and high scores on aggression. In a multivariate Cox regression analysis, only Black race, CSA, positive affect intensity and high aggression scores remained significant.ConclusionsOur findings suggest the following for adolescent populations: (1) in a very high-risk population, risk factors for future attempts may be more difficult to ascertain and some established risk factors (e.g. past suicide attempt) may not distinguish as well; and (2) cross-cutting constructs (e.g. affective and behavioral dysregulation) that underlie multiple psychiatric disorders may be stronger predictors of recurrent suicide events than psychiatric diagnoses. Our finding with respect to positive affect intensity is novel and may have practical implications for the assessment and treatment of adolescent suicide attempters.
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Davies, David, and T. Christopher R. Wilkes. "Cluster Suicide in Rural Western Canada." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 38, no. 7 (September 1993): 515–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674379303800709.
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This paper focuses on a series of adolescent suicides which occurred in a small rural community in Western Canada between December 1989 and June 1990. Risk factors for adolescent suicide and recent epidemiological data on cluster suicide are reviewed and discussed. The circumstances of the five adolescent suicides are then discussed, and the question of whether or not this was a cluster suicide is considered. This article supports the view that suicide is an abnormal response to stress or loss and emphasizes the role of genetic psychophysiological predisposition.
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Mikami, Katsunaka, Seiji Inomata, Yuichi Onishi, Yasushi Orihashi, Kenji Yamamoto, and Hideo Matsumoto. "Gender Differences in the Suicide Attempts of Adolescents in Emergency Departments: Focusing on Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder." Adolescent Psychiatry 9, no. 3 (January 10, 2020): 232–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2210676609666190617144453.
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Background: Few studies on gender-based diagnostic characteristics of adolescent suicide attempters in emergency departments (EDs) have included individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Objective: This study aimed to examine the clinical features of adolescent suicide attempts in EDs, focusing on gender differences and considering individuals with ASD. Method: Ninety-four adolescent patients, aged less than 20 years, who had attempted suicide and had been hospitalized in an emergency department, participated in this study. Psychiatric diagnoses according to DSM-IV criteria and clinical features were compared between male and female patients. Results: The number (%) of males was 15 (16.0), and that of females was 79 (84.0). The mean age (SD) of males was 17.1 (1.5), and that of females was 16.9 (1.6). The attempt methods were more serious, length of stay in the emergency room longer, and rate of outpatient treatment lower in males. In addition, suicide attempters with ASD were significantly more frequent in male. Adjusting for age and gender, adjustment disorder was significantly associated with the presence of suicide attempters with ASD using a multivariable logistic regression. Conclusion: Males were less likely to visit psychiatric service previous to attempting suicides, and may be likely to complete suicides. In addition, suicide attempters with ASD are characteristic in male, and likely to have comorbid adjustment disorder. ED visits offer a window of opportunity to provide suicide prevention interventions for adolescents, and therefore, psychiatrists in EDs have a crucial role as gatekeepers of preventing suicide reattempts, especially in adolescent males including individuals with ASD having adjustment disorder.
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GIBBONS, ROBERT D., DAVID C. CLARK, and JAN FAWCETT. "A STATISTICAL METHOD FOR EVALUATING SUICIDE CLUSTERS AND IMPLEMENTING CLUSTER SURVEILLANCE." American Journal of Epidemiology 132, supp1 (July 1, 1990): 183–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115781.
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Abstract The absence of any standard definition of suicide cluster events hinders understanding of the prevalence of the problem, hinders the development of appropriate public health responses to observed clusters, and ultimately hinders Investigation of the mechanisms underlying contagious communication of suicidal behavior. The authors introduce a Poisson mixture model for assessing potential dusters of adolescent suicide, apply that model to the monthly incidence rates of adolescent suicide for one populous US county over the last 11 years, and generate 99% tolerance limits with 95% confidence for the number of suicides which may occur by chance within specific intervals of time in that county. The suicide incidence data showed a remarkable fit to a single Poisson distribution, suggesting it is not unreasonable to consider the cases as randomly-distributed and independent events. The authors conclude that there is no evidence that adolescent suicides occurred in clusters in the place and in the time frame under study, and recommend the Poisson mixture model for ascertaining clusters as well as implementing cluster surveillance.
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Flouri, Eirini, and Ann Buchanan. "The Protective Role of Parental Involvement in Adolescent Suicide." Crisis 23, no. 1 (January 2002): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027//0227-5910.23.1.17.
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Summary: This study of 2722 adolescents aged 14-18 years explored whether parental involvement can protect against adolescent suicide attempts. Compared to their counterparts suicide attempters were more likely to have been in trouble with the police, to report lower levels of parental interest and academic motivation, and to report suicidal ideation and using alcohol or an illegal drug when they feel stressed. They were also less likely to reside with both parents. The association between parental involvement and suicidal behaviour was not stronger for sons than for daughters or for adolescents who had experienced family disruption than for those who grew up in two-parent families.
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Cross, Tracy L., Robert S. Cook, and David N. Dixon. "Psychological Autopsies of Three Academically Talented Adolescents Who Committed Suicide." Journal of Secondary Gifted Education 7, no. 3 (May 1996): 403–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1932202x9600700305.
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In 1994, three adolescents associated with a state-supported, residential high school for academically talented students committed suicide. A psychological autopsy of each of the three suicides was, completed. This article provides a brief overview of psychological autopsy as a research method, information about the unique characteristics of each suicide, factors among the three cases that were consistent with research on adolescent suicides generally, commonalities across the three cases believed to be related to the subjects' giftedness, and themes which emerged across the cases. Suggestions are offered about how to prevent the suicides of academically talented adolescents.
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Sheftall, Arielle H., Sarah J. Schoppe-Sullivan, and Jeffrey A. Bridge. "Insecure Attachment and Suicidal Behavior in Adolescents." Crisis 35, no. 6 (November 1, 2014): 426–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910/a000273.
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Background: Suicide among adolescents is an important public health problem. One risk factor for youth suicidal behavior that has been underexplored is insecure attachment. Aims: To investigate the association between attachment avoidance/anxiety and suicidal behavior in an adolescent sample. Method: This study examined attachment insecurity in 40 adolescents who had attempted suicide and 40 never-suicidal demographically matched youths. Adolescents completed self-report measures of attachment style, family alliance, and depressive symptoms. Results: Suicide attempters reported significantly higher attachment avoidance and anxiety. Attachment avoidance, but not anxiety, predicted suicide attempt status in a conditional logistic regression analysis that controlled for depressive symptoms and family alliance. Conclusion: Future research should determine the relative utility of attachment insecurity in prospectively predicting suicide attempts and investigate potential mediators and moderators of this association. Implications for clinicians working with suicidal youth with insecure attachment styles are discussed.
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Nydam, Ronald J. "A Denial of Grace: The Dynamics of Adolescent Suicide." Journal of Pastoral Care 43, no. 3 (September 1989): 210–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002234098904300303.
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Describes some underlying dynamics of adolescent suicide, including defenses, demands, and depression. Interprets adolescent suicide as a “denial of grace.” Notes difficulties in attempts to respond to the contemporary outbreak of adolescent suicides, particularly in terms of denial and negative countertransference factors. Identifies a variety of communal interventions available to pastoral counselors who wish to confront the near epidemic problem of adolescent suicide.
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Redmore, James, Ruth Kipping, Adam Trickey, Margaret T. May, and David Gunnell. "Analysis of trends in adolescent suicides and accidental deaths in England and Wales, 1972–2011." British Journal of Psychiatry 209, no. 4 (October 2016): 327–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.114.162347.
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BackgroundPrevious analyses of adolescent suicides in England and Wales have focused on short time periods.AimsTo investigate trends in suicide and accidental deaths in adolescents between 1972 and 2011.MethodTime trend analysis of rates of suicides and deaths from accidental poisoning and hanging in 10- to 19-year-olds by age, gender and deprivation. Rate ratios were estimated for 1982–1991, 1992–2001 and 2002–2011 with 1972–1981 as comparator.ResultsSuicide rates have remained stable in 10- to 14-year-olds, with strong evidence for a reduction in accidental deaths. In males aged 15–19, suicide rates peaked in 2001 before declining. Suicide by hanging is the most common method of suicide. Rates were higher in males and in 15- to 19-year-olds living in more deprived areas.ConclusionsSuicide rates in adolescents are at their lowest since the early 1970s with no clear evidence that changes in coroners' practices underlie this trend.
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Bridge, Jeffrey A., Tina R. Goldstein, and David A. Brent. "Adolescent suicide and suicidal behavior." Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 47, no. 3-4 (March 2006): 372–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01615.x.
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Levi-Belz, Yossi, Orit Krispin, Giora Galilee, Ehud Bodner, and Alan Apter. "Where Are They Now?" Crisis 39, no. 2 (March 2018): 119–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910/a000482.
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Abstract. Background: While a history of suicide attempts has been identified as the most powerful risk factor among adults, it is not clear if this is also true for the adolescent population. Our aim was to examine the differences between attempters and nonattempters in the years following a documented suicide attempt and to investigate the adolescents' prognosis in terms of suicidal behavior and adjustment. Method: Military records at induction and during active military service were used to compare 105 adolescent suicide attempters with 105 matched controls. All were rated on cognitive/educational performance and psychosocial adaptation, psychological health diagnoses, and performance during their military service. Results: Suicide attempters had higher school dropout rates and lower scores on educational indicators. They registered more incidents of disciplinary and adjustment problems in the military. However, the overall prognosis of the suicide attempters appeared surprisingly good. No significant differences were found between the groups in suicide risk or in behavior in their military service. Limitations: Data were derived from the computerized records and no direct interviews were conducted with the participants. Conclusion: Attempted suicide in adolescence appears to be different in nature from attempted suicide in adulthood, and can be viewed as an indicator of social distress rather than as major risk factor of completed suicide. Implications in terms of intervention and prevention are discussed.
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Lazzarini, Thomas Adriano, Crhistinne Cavalheiro Maymone Gonçalves, Walter Martins Benites, Liliane Ferreira da Silva, Daniel Henrique Tsuha, Albert Icksang Ko, Robert Rohrbaugh, Jason Randolph Andrews, and Julio Croda. "Suicide in Brazilian indigenous communities: clustering of cases in children and adolescents by household." Revista de Saúde Pública 52 (May 8, 2018): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2018052000541.
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OBJECTIVE: To estimate age and sex-specific suicide rates, compare suicide rates between indigenous communities, and quantify the frequency of intrafamilial suicide clustering. METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort study involving 14,666 indigenous individuals in reservations in Dourados, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, from 2003 through 2013 using national and local census. RESULTS: The overall suicide rate was 73.4 per 100,000 person-years. Adolescent males aged 15–19 and girls aged 10–14 had the highest rates for each sex at 289.3 (95%CI 187.5–391.2) and 85.3 (95%CI 34.9–135.7), respectively. Comparing the largest reservations, Bororo had a higher suicide rate than Jaguapiru (RR = 4.83, 95%CI 2.85–8.16) and had significantly lower socioeconomic indicators including income and access to electricity. Nine of 19 suicides among children under 15 occurred in household clusters. Compared with adult suicides, a greater proportion of child (OR = 5.12, 95%CI 1.89–13.86, p = 0.001) and adolescent (OR = 3.48, 95%CI 1.29–9.44, p = 0.017) suicides occurred within household clusters. CONCLUSIONS: High rates of suicide occur among children and adolescents in these indigenous reservations, particularly in poor communities. Nearly half of child suicides occur within household clusters. These findings underscore the need for broad public health interventions and focused mental health interventions in households following a suicide.
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Moalla, M., I. Feki, R. Sellami, A. Ktata, S. Feki, and J. Masmoudi. "A study on adolescent suicide ideation consulting in emergency." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S447. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.465.
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IntroductionSuicide is one of the most leading cause of death for teenagers in the world. Suicide ideation is known risk factor for suicide completion. Suicidal adolescents rarely asked for help. The contact with the health care system is an opportunities to screen for suicidal ideation.AimsThe aim of this study is to examine the prevalence and the risk factors of suicidal ideation among adolescents consulting in emergency.MethodsOur study was a transversal type, descriptive and analytic. It was conducted with 106 adolescents consulting in emergency for somatic complains. Each participant filled out demographic questionnaire and suicidal ideation questionnaire (SIQ). The SIQ is a self-report instrument for suicidal ideation, appropriate for adolescents. The SIQ has 30 items. The respondent is asked to choose from a 7-point continuum (6 = “Almost every day” to 0 = “I never had this thought”) to assess the frequency of that particular thought within the last month. Cut-off score for the SIQ is a sum of 41 and higher, indicating the presence of serious suicidal ideation.ResultsAdolescents were aged between 12 and 19 years with an average age 16.34 ± 2.54 years; 47.2% were boys. According to the SIQ, the prevalence of suicide ideation during the last month were 14.2%.The risk factors for suicidal ideation among Tunisian adolescents were the female gender, middle school level, low family income, parents’ divorce, parental neglect, family conflicts and previous psychiatric disorder.ConclusionGeneral physicians should regularly screen for suicidal thoughts in their adolescent patients with these characteristics.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Liu, X. C., H. Chen, Z. Z. Liu, J. Y. Wang, and C. X. Jia. "Prevalence of suicidal behaviour and associated factors in a large sample of Chinese adolescents." Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences 28, no. 03 (October 12, 2017): 280–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2045796017000488.
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Aims.Suicidal behaviour is prevalent among adolescents and is a significant predictor of future suicide attempts (SAs) and suicide death. Data on the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of suicidal behaviour in Chinese adolescents are limited. This study was aimed to examine the prevalence, characteristics and risk factors of suicidal behaviour, including suicidal thought (ST), suicide plan (SP) and SA, in a large sample of Chinese adolescents.Method.This report represents the first wave data of an ongoing longitudinal study, Shandong Adolescent Behavior and Health Cohort. Participants included 11 831 adolescent students from three counties of Shandong, China. The mean age of participants was 15.0 (s.d. = 1.5) and 51% were boys. In November–December 2015, participants completed a structured adolescent health questionnaire, including ST, SP and SA, characteristics of most recent SA, demographics, substance use, hopelessness, impulsivity and internalising and externalising behavioural problems.Results.The lifetime and last-year prevalence rates were 17.6 and 10.7% for ST in males, 23.5 and 14.7% for ST in females, 8.9 and 2.9% for SP in males, 10.7 and 3.8% for SP in females, 3.4 and 1.3% for SA in males, and 4.6 and 1.8% for SA in females, respectively. The mean age of first SA was 12–13 years. Stabbing/cutting was the most common method to attempt suicide. Approximately 24% of male attempters and 16% of female attempters were medically treated. More than 70% of attempters had no preparatory action. Female gender, smoking, drinking, internalising and externalising problems, hopelessness, suicidal history of friends and acquaintances, poor family economic status and poor parental relationship were all significantly associated with increased risk of suicidal behaviour.Conclusions.Suicidal behaviour in Chinese adolescents is prevalent but less than that previously reported in Western peers. While females are more likely to attempt suicide, males are more likely to use lethal methods. Multiple child and family factors are associated with suicidal behaviour. These findings highlight the importance of early screening and intervention of suicidal behaviour in Chinese adolescents.