Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'ADN Ligase'
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Touzé, Elodie Giegé Richard. "Cristallogenèse et études structurales appliquées aux aminoacyl-ARNt synthétases." Strasbourg : Université Louis Pasteur, 2008. http://eprints-scd-ulp.u-strasbg.fr:8080/911/01/TOUZE_Elodie_2007.pdf.
Full textMenchon, Grégory. "Criblage virtuel et fonctionnel sur le complexe XRCC4/ADN ligase IV/Cer-XLF de ligature des cassures double-brin de l'ADN : application en radiosensibilisation tumorale." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30395.
Full textRadiotherapy is a major weapon used against cancer. Radio-induced DNA double strand breaks (DSB) are the main lesions responsible for cell death. Non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) is a predominant DSB repair mechanism which contributes to cancer cells resistance to radiotherapy. NHEJ is thus a good target for strategies which aim at increasing the radio-sensitivity of tumors. Through in silico screening and biophysical and biochemical assays, our objective was to find specific ligands for the XRCC4/Lig4 and XRCC4/Cer-XLF protein-protein interactions involved in NHEJ. Here, we isolated the first compounds able to prevent their interaction in vitro. These early stage inhibitors are promising tools for cancer therapy with the hope to develop more specific compounds for cellular assays through the 3D structure of the protein/inhibitor complexes
De, Melo Abinadabe Jackson. "Molecular basis for the structural role of human DNA ligase IV." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM4040.
Full textFailure to repair DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) may have deleterious consequences inducing genomic instability and even cell death. In most mammalian cells, Non-Homologous End Joining (NHEJ) is a prominent DSB repair pathway. DNA ligase IV (LigIV) is unique in its ability to promote classical NHEJ. It associates with two structurally related proteins called XRCC4 and XLF (aka Cernunnos). LigIV directly interacts with XRCC4 forming a stable complex while the XLF interaction with this complex is mediated by XRCC4. XLF strongly stimulates the ligation activity of the LigIV/XRCC4 complex by an unknown mechanism. Recently, a structural noncatalytic role of LigIV has been uncovered (Cottarel et al., 2013). Here, we have reconstituted the end joining ligation step using recombinant proteins produced in bacteria to explore not only the molecular basis for the structural role of LigIV, but also to understand the mechanism by which XLF stimulates the ligation complex, and how these three proteins work together during NHEJ. Our biochemical analysis suggests that XLF, through interactions with LigIV/XRCC4 complex, could induce a conformational change in LigIV. Rearrangement of the LigIV would expose its DNA binding interface that is able to bridge two independent DNA molecules. This bridging ability is fully independent of LigIV’s catalytic activity. We have mutated this interface in order to attempt to disrupt the newly identified DNA bridging ability. In vitro analysis of this LigIV mutant will be presented as well as a preliminary in vivo analysis
Wu, Pei-Yu. "Le complexe de ligation dans la réaction de réparation des cassures de l'ADN par recombination non homologué." Toulouse 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOU30064.
Full textDNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are the most lethal threats among all the DNA damages in cells. They can arise not only endogenously from normal physiological processes such as V(D)J recombination or toxic lesions like DNA replication forks collapses, but also exogenously from DNA damaging agents like ionizing radiation (IR) or radiomimetic compounds. In mammals, DSBs are mainly repaired by homologous recombination (HR) during S and G2 phases of the cell cycle when sister chromatids are available, and, more predominantly, in all the phases of cell cycle by the non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) pathway without any requirement for homology guidance. The NHEJ machinery is also involved in V(D)J recombination to rearrange B-cell immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor genes. Deficiency in NHEJ consequently results in hypersensitivity to IR, immunodeficiency, as well as chromosomal instability. After DSBs induction, Ku70/Ku80 heterodimer binds to free DNA ends, allowing the subsequent recruitment and activation of the DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs). The resulting DNA-PK holoenzyme (i. E. Ku/DNA-PKcs or Complex-1) tethers two DNA termini and form the synaptic complex that may further activates DNA-PKcs by several (auto)phosphorylation events. Upon activation, Complex-1 undergoes conformational changes to accommodate the ligation complex (Complex-2) and accessory factors that make DNA ends compatible with ligation, when necessary. Complex-2 comprises XRCC4, DNA LigIV (LigIV) and the more recently identified factor Cernunnos-XLF (Cer-XLF). The three partners interact with each other and Complex-2 also binds Complex-1 and accessory factors, thus accounting for its highly efficient end-joining activity. In this work we aimed at characterizing the intimate interaction network between Complex-2 factors. .
Nassar, Joelle. "Caractérisation de la fonction de OBI1, une E3 ubiquitine ligase, dans la réplication de l'ADN." Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTT039.
Full textCell division is one of the most complex processes a cell undergoes. For this to happen properly, the genetic material stored in a cell must be faithfully copied or replicated. During this process, DNA replication is initiated at pre-defined sites in the genome, called "origins of replication". The activation of these origins is highly regulated, as a dysfunction in origin activity is linked to several human pathologies. Several proteins have been found at replication origins, but none of them explain how to be activated origins are recognized and selected. Our research group aims to understand how DNA replication origins are regulated in metazoan cells, to this aim, a proteomic approach was performed to define the interactome of human replication origins. Our goal was to identify new factors that could be involved in replication origin regulation. Using this methodology, a novel E3 ubiquitin ligase, named OBI1 (for ORC-ubiquitin-ligase-1), was identified prior to my arrival in the laboratory. OBI1 binds the origin recognition complex (ORC complex) and my project aimed at further characterizing the role of this new protein in DNA replication. Our experimental strategy used two different model systems: an in-vivo model based on human cells in culture, and an in-vitro DNA replication system derived from Xenopus eggs.Our analyses in human cells revealed that OBI1 was a crucial gene involved in cellular proliferation, this observation was later attributed to OBI1’s role in DNA replication and more specifically, to replication origin activation. Indeed, OBI1 knockdown resulted in a deficient origin firing and a decrease in the chromatin recruitment of factors involved in origin firing. A further functional analysis showed that OBI1 multiubiquitylates two subunits of the ORC complex, ORC3 and ORC5. This ubiquitylation was directly linked to OBI1’s role in origin firing, after the over-expression of non-ubiquitylable ORC3/5 mutants yielded similar results to OBI1’s knock down. Altogether, our results demonstrated that OBI1 encoded for a protein essential for origin activation, and allowed us to propose its main role: by multiubiquitylating a subset of the ORC complex, OBI1 could select the replication origins to be activated amongst all the potential replication origins set in G1 phase of the cell cycle. After this set of experiments, now published, we wanted to address the mechanistic impact of the multiubiquitylation of ORC on origin activation. Our preliminary experiments suggest a role of the histone acetyl-transferase (HAT) GCN5/KAT2A in the “OBI1 pathway”In the second part of my project, we used the in vitro DNA replication system, based on Xenopus laevis egg extracts, to study the role of OBI1 and ubiquitylation in origin activation. Our in-vitro analyses confirmed the conservation of OBI1 in Xenopus Laevis and its recruitment to the chromatin during DNA replication. We showed that de novo ubiquitylation takes place on chromatin during origin activation. Moreover, using E1 inhibitors, we found that active ubiquitylation is important for efficient origin firing. Interestingly, our loss of function experiments suggested that OBI1’s impact on origin activation could defer in early development when compared to somatic-like conditions.Taken together, the discovery of this new replication initiation factor provided key information on the role of ubiquitylation in general and OBI1 in particular on origin activation and selection. Such selection could participate as well in the regulation of the timing of DNA replication
Amram, Jérémy. "Etude structurale et fonctionnelle des complexes multi-protéiques de la voie de réparation NHEJ chez l’homme." Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA114822/document.
Full textHuman DNA repair pathway NHEJ (Non-Homologous End-Joining) is a major pathway of double-strand breaks repair. The proteins involved in this pathway interact and form dynamic complexes whose molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. Firstly, we established protocols to be able to purify milligrams of those NHEJ pathway core proteins using MultiBac insect cells system. We then purified Ku70/Ku80 and Ligase4/XRCC4 complexes, Artemis and Cernunnos to homogeneity. Crystallogenesis assays, SAXS experiments and Transmission Electronic Microscopy experiments have been performed on several complexes formed by these core NHEJ proteins. We also characterized the interactions between these proteins by Size Exclusion Chromatography and Isothermal Calorimetry. These experiments have led to biochemical results sufficient to establish a solid basis to initiate the structural and functional study of the Human NHEJ Pathway
Aoufouchi, Said. "Adn ligases chez les eucaryotes superieurs." Rennes 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992REN10016.
Full textCastagné, Claire. "Analyse par résonance magnétique nucléaire des interactions ADN-protéine : étude des facteurs de transcription Rev-erb [bêta] et SRY ; détermination de la structure secondaire du domaine C-terminal de la tyrosyl'RNA synthétase." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10039.
Full textTouzé, Elodie. "Cristallogenèse et études structurales appliquées aux aminoacyl-ARNt synthétases." Phd thesis, Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00206952.
Full textDorison, Hugo. "Sumo-Directed Control of the Resolvase Yen1 in Mitotic Cells Slx5-Slx8 Ubiquitin Ligase Targets Active Pools of the Yen1 Nuclease To Limit Crossover Formation SUMO-Mediated Recruitment Allows Timely Function of the Yen1 Nuclease." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPASL003.
Full textThe repair of double-stranded DNA breaks (DSBs) by homologous recombination involves the formation of branched intermediates that can lead to crossovers following nucleolytic resolution. Ubiquitin and SUMO modification is commonplace amongst the DNA damage repair proteins. What is more, a number of DSB repair factors interact with each other when sumoylated, making use of SUMO interaction motifs (SIMs). The nuclease Yen1 is tightly controlled during the cell cycle to limit the extent of crossover formation and preserve genome integrity. In this manuscript we describe further regulation of Yen1 by ubiquitination, sumoylation and non-covalent interaction with SUMO through its newly characterized SIMs. Yen1 is sumoylated by Siz1 and Siz2 SUMO ligases, especially in conditions of DNA damage. Furthermore, Yen1 is a substrate of the Slx5-Slx8 ubiquitin ligase. Loss of Slx5-Slx8 stabilizes the sumoylated fraction of Yen1, and results in persistent localization of Yen1 in nuclear foci. Slx5-Slx8-dependent ubiquitination of Yen1 occurs mainly at K714 and mutation of this lysine increases crossover formation during DSB repair and suppresses chromosome segregation defects when other nucleases are unavailable. In addition, proper and timely nucleolytic processing from Yen1 is dependent on interactions mediated by non-covalent binding to sumoylated partners. Mutations in the motifs that allow SUMO-mediated recruitment of Yen1 leads to its mis-localization, decreasing Yen1’s ability to resolve DNA joint-molecule intermediates and resulting in increased genome instability and chromosome mis-segregation
Kapusta, Aurélie. "Réarrangements du génome chez Paramecium tetraurelia : ligases ADN et voies de End-Joining." Paris 11, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA112207.
Full textDuring the sexual cycle of the ciliate Paramecium, the somatic genome is spectacularly and reproducibly rearranged. This process involves two kinds of germline DNA elimination, including the precise excision of tens of thousands of short sequences (Internal Eliminated Sequences or IESs), each one flanked by two 5' - TA- 3' dinucleotides. These developmentally programmed rearrangements are initiated by DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) that exhibit a characteristic geometry, with 4-base 5' overhangs centered on the conserved TA, and may readily align and undergo ligation with minimal processing. However, the actors involved in the final and precise assembly of somatic genes have remained unknown. My work has been focused on the last step of DNA repair, which first led me to characterize in silico the Paramecium ATP-dependent DNA ligases. Functional analysis of Ligase IV and its partner Xrcc4p, core components of a canonical cellular DSB repair pathway (non-homologous endjoining or NHEJ), showed their requirement both for the repair of IES excision sites and for the circularization of excised IESs. Moreover, my data provide direct evidence for the introduction of initiating double-strand cleavages at both ends of each IES, followed by DSB repair via highly precise end-joining. This led to a "cut-and-close" model, including confirmed or putative actors, mostly involved in the protection of broken ends and their controlled processing, key steps in a highly reproducible and precise repair. Paramecium may therefore be an excellent model organism to study precise DSB repair in genome-wide programmed rearrangements
Frau, Silvana. "Préparation et activité nucléase d'une molécule conjuguée "métalloporphyrine-Hoechst 33258" comme agent de reconnaissance du petit sillon de l'ADN." Toulouse 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU30017.
Full textParadis, Geneviève. "Transport de protéines thérapeutiques à travers diverses barrières biologiques à l'aide d'un ligand peptidique." Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 2004.
Find full textDumont, Marilyn. "Mécanismes impliqués dans la formation des anomalies chromosomiques lors de la meiose en absence de brca2 chez la plante arabidopsis thaliana." Thesis, Paris 11, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA112086/document.
Full textIn somatic cells, several mechanisms are involved in the repair of DNAdouble strand breaks (DSB). In meiotic cells, programmed DSBs are causedby Spo11 and repaired by homologous recombination (HR), whose main playersare Rad51 and Dmc1 aided by Brca2. In Arabidopsis, in the absence ofBrca2, meiosis is disturbed, chromosomes do not organize into bivalents,they appear stuck and entangled together. Thus, in the absence of Brca2,HR may be no functional and the chromosomal anomalies we observecouldresult from the aberrant repair of the DNA DSBs due to other mechanisms ofDNA repair. We have shown in Arabidopsis that the homologous end joining(NHEJ) and/or Single Strand Annealing (SSA), mechanisms of DNA DSB repairthat are active in the somatic phase, were not involved in the formationof the meiotic anomalies observed in the absence of Brca2 in meioticcells. Still assuming that these figures are the result of meioticcovalent bond, we checked whether DNA ligases could be involved. Thus, wehave shown that 6 Ligase, DNA ligase specific plants, had no role in thechromosomal abnormalities observed in meiosis in the absence of Brca2.Besides the Ligase 6 does not seem to interfere with the meiotic figuresobserved in rad51 and mnd1 mutants. We wanted to identify the Ligase 6role in studying its mutant. Ligase 6 mutant did not show sensitivity togenotoxic stress. The Ligase 6 does not seem to be involved in DNA repair.The lethality of the ligase I mutant was bypassed with a RNAi constructaimed at extinguishing the gene expression of LIGASE I atmeiosis only.However, the involvement of Ligase I in the meiotic anomalies observed inthe absence of Brca2 could not be determined. Finally, we confirmed that,in Arabidopsis, Xrcc4 has a role in NHEJ through its interaction withligase IV and the sensitivity of the xrcc4 mutant to different genotoxicstress. In contrast, Xrcc4-like does not appear to interact with playersin the NHEJ ligation complex and the mutant shows no sensitivity togenotoxic stress. These result indicated that this protein is not involvedin NHEJ and, more generally in the mechanisms of DNA repair
Pottier, Aurore Hénichart Jean-Pierre. "Conception, synthèse et évaluation pharmacologique de pyrrolo[3,4-b]quinoléines condensées, ligands potentiels de l'ADN." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. http://www.univ-lille1.fr/bustl-grisemine/pdf/extheses/50376-2003-83-84.pdf.
Full textAlberti, Patrizia. "Étude thermodynamique et cinétique de triplexes et de quadruplexes d'ADN." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MNHN0008.
Full textWe have studied the dynamics of DNA three- and four-stranded structures. A kinetic study by surface plasmon resonance led us to the elucidation of a directional mechanism for triple-helix formation, probably due to the right-handedness of the target duplex. The DNA structural polymorphism also allows the realisation of systems capable of performing movements. We have realised a DNA system accomplishing an extension-contraction movement based on the interconversion between a double-helix and a G-quadruplex. The equilibrium between different DNA possible conformations may be modulated by small molecules specifically recognising a given DNA structure. In particular, the stabilisation of G-quadruplexes at telomeres represents a potential therapeutic approach to inhibit telomerase, an enzyme active in most of cancer cells. In order to identify G-quadruplexes specific ligands, we have explored the structural selectivity of different DNA binding molecules by a competition dialysis assay
Bailly, Fabrice. "Le motif de reconnaissance spécifique de l'ADN, SPKK et son utilisation pour l'élaboration d'hybrides peptide-intercalant." Lille 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LIL10107.
Full textPlouvier, Bertrand. "Analogues thiazoliques de la nétropsine : interaction avec l'ADN et pouvoir cytotoxique." Lille 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LIL10119.
Full textNonglaton, Guillaume. "Applications des films Langmuir-Blodgett à base de phosphonates de zirconium pour la préparation de puces à oligonucléotides : synthèse de ligands hybrides P/N chiraux. Étude de leurs propriétés de coordination." Nantes, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NANT2054.
Full textThis report deals with a new process for preparing DNA microarrays using glass slides covered by a zirconium phosphonate monolayer deposited by Langmuir-Blodgett method. Oligonucleotides probes modified with a terminal phosphate were spotted onto the zirconated surface where they bound by formation of metal-oxygen covalent bonds. Performances of this new type of DNA microarrays were studied in biological conditions. An increase of the fluorescence intensity was observed when using a polyguanine spacer between the probe oligomer and the terminal phosphate. Then the synthesis of novel chiral P,N-ligands by desymmetrization of the achiral meso N,N'-dimethyl-1,2-diphenylethane-1,2-diamine backbone is described. This transformation was achieved by the selective introduction of a diphenylphosphine moiety on one of the two nitrogen centers. The coordination of this ligand (L) with Rh(I) and Pd(0) precursors led to the formation of complexes which can be of potential interest for catalysis
PROST, SANDRINE. "Etude des mecanismes de resistance aux antitumoraux inhibiteurs des adn-topoisomerases dans une lignee de cancer humain." Paris 6, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA066625.
Full textPraseuth, Danièle. "Photodégradation d’un ADN de plasmide induite par les porphyrines hydrosolubles : relation entre la structure des colorants et leur efficacité photodynamique." Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112051.
Full textPentikäinen, Olli. "Modeling of protein-ligand interactions : integrin I-domains and ionotropic glutamate receptors /." Turku : Å̊bo Akademi University, 2003. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb399324293.
Full textSchechner-Resom, Martina Gabriele. "Ligand binding and molecular flexibility : Studies on DNA gyrase B." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005STR1A001.
Full textDNA gyrase is a vital bacterial enzyme necessary for the handling of the large DNA molecules in the living cell. Therefore DNA gyrase is an ideal target enzyme for anti-infectious compounds. In this work DNA gyrase has been studied by molecular modelling methods. A computational structure-based ligand design approach has been carried out on the N-terminal 24 kDa subdomain of DNA gyrase B (GHKL domain). To further examine the flexibility of two active site loops, molecular dynamics simulations have been carried out on the GHKL domain in different ligand binding conditions. In a final part, normal mode analysis has been carried out on the dimer of the 43 kDa domain of DNA gyrase B
Becker, Jérôme. "Identification de nouveaux ligands peptidiques des récepteurs aux opiacés Mu, Delta, Kappa et ORL-1 et mise en place de la technologie des puces à ADN dans le cadre de la pharmacodépendance." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001STR13140.
Full textDesjobert, Cécile. "L'intégrase du virus de l'immunodéficience humaine de type 1 : identification de ligands protéiques et peptidiques : étude de ces interactions physiques et fonctionnelles." Bordeaux 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR21204.
Full textAIDS is a worldwide health problem. Integrase (IN) catalyzes a crucial step of the HIV-1 infectious cycle : integration of the viral DNA into the cellular genome. So IN is an attractive target which is not yet used in current therapies. Moreover the retroviral IN interacts with other factors in a preintegration complex (PIC) that optimizes its activities in the nucleus. These partners are not all identified and their action on IN is not well understood. We studied the interactions between IN and RT because these two viral enzymes are present in the PIC and their activities are mutually regulated during the viral cycle. Using ELISA and pull-down, we demonstrated the interaction between the two enzymes. Therefore RT is able to inhibit IN activities at a ratio of 1 : 1. To isolate cellular partners of IN we used the yeast-two hybrid system. We identified microtubule-associated proteins, suggesting a role of this network in the transport of IN to the nucleus. Finally, phage-display method was used to screen random heptapeptides ligands of IN. One of them was found to be an efficient inhibitor of its strand transfer reaction. This peptide could be used as a base for developing new anti-integrase compounds
Corniquel, Béatrice. "Construction de banques d'ADNc de palmier dattier (Phoenix dactylifera L. ). Différenciation de cultivars par RFLP à l'aide des ADNc : isolement et caractérisation d'un ADNc polymorphe. Isolement et caractérisation d'un ADNc codant pour la glutamine synthetase cytosolique." Angers, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ANGE0014.
Full textPommier, Yves. "Les agents intercalants affectent le fonctionnement des adn topoisomerases deux eukaryotes." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066570.
Full textAbu-Halaweh, Marwan, and n/a. "Molecular Methods for Campylobacter and Arcobacter Detection." Griffith University. School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, 2005. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20060223.084457.
Full textDumont, Marylin. "Mecanismes impliques dans la formation des anomalies chromosomiques lors de la meiose en absence de brca2 chez la plante arabidopsis thaliana." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00632489.
Full textYaman-Deveci, Ruken. "Implication des méthyltransférases de l'ADN dans l'établissement des méthylations symétrique (CpG) et asymétrique (non-CpG) dans la lignée germinale mâle chez la souris." Nice, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NICE4005.
Full textDNA methylation is a major epigenetic modification in mammals. It is present primarily on CpG dinucleotides and controlled by the DNA methyltransferases (Dnmt(s)). Methylation patterns are very stable through the generations. However, two periods involve significant alterations of these profiles, the earliest period of embryonic development and gametogenesis. Although the establishment of new methylation profiles is of great biological importance, the mechanisms involved in this process are largely unknown. To attempt to answer this question I firstly investigated the role of de novo Dnmt, Dnmt3a, during spermatogenesis. I showed that methylation of repeated elements and retrotransposons was not greatly perturbed by the absence of this enzyme while, in contrast, the pattern of methylation of imprinted genes was completely disrupted. This analysis also suggests that entry into meiosis of the mutant germ cells depends partly on the Dnmt3a protein as this process is slower in a Dnmt3a mutant background. The second question I investigated was the nature of the molecular mechanisms involved in the maintenance through the generations of the methylation patterns of cytosines included in non-CpG sites. By using an experimental model system where such non-CpG methylation events are both stable and accurately transmitted from generation to generation, we have shown that methylation of non-CpG sites depends on CpG methylation, since in absence of the Dnmt1 protein, non-CpG methylation patterns are diminished
Mo, Min, and n/a. "Characterization of an Orf virus RING-H2 protein, B5L : a mimic of cellular anaphase promoting complex subunit 11." University of Otago. Department of Microbiology & Immunology, 2009. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20090220.085825.
Full textPottier, Aurore. "Conception, synthèse et évaluation pharmacologique de pyrrolo[3,4-b]quinoléines condensées, ligands potentiels de l'ADN." Lille 1, 2003. https://ori-nuxeo.univ-lille1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/55bbdfca-1abf-49be-a9d6-8c805ba42673.
Full textGandemer, Virginie. "Utilisation des puces à adn pour l’étude fonctionnelle du génome dans les leucémies aiguës lymphoblastiques de la lignée B de l’enfant." Rennes 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007REN1S040.
Full textB-ALL is a common pediatric malignancy but leucemogenesis and prognostic biological mechanisms still remain uncertain. We explored critical pathways of TEL/AML1 B-ALL with gene expression profile approach. We highlighted 5 enriched Gene Ontology categories characterized by 14 genes, able to discriminate the TEL/AML1 sub-group. Over-expression of RUNX1 was proposed to become a additional surrogate marker of this subgroup. Cell motility was for the first time identified as a representative process of this subgroup and epigenetic regulation of the 2 underexpressed genes is underanalysis. We could not show patterns of expression in pediatric B-ALL lacking common cytogenetic abnormatities that correlated with the NCI risk factors (age and blood cell count). Our results suggest the refinement of existing classification and risk algorithms
Clastre, Marc. "Purification et caractérisation de la géranyl diphosphate synthétase de cellules de Vitis vinifera L. Cv. Muscat de Frontignan cultivées in vitro." Toulouse, INPT, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPT013A.
Full textDepoix, Christophe. "Régulation de l'activité des récepteurs de l'acide rétinoi͏̈que par la dimérisation." Lille 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LIL2MT01.
Full textAlomari, Arqam. "Biophysical and kinetic analysis of Escherichia coli DNA ligase activity and inhibition." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2018. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/biophysical-and-kinetic-analysis-of-escherichia-coli-dna-ligase-activity-and-inhibition(96c7d355-6dbe-4e2a-be0d-5641ec98e54a).html.
Full textXhemalce, Blerta. "Rôle de SUMO dans l'(in)stabilité génétique chez S. Pombe." Paris 7, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA077177.
Full textSumoylation represents a conserved mechanism of post-translational modification resulting in the covalent attachment of the Small Ubiquitin-like Modifier SUMO protein on target proteins. Here, we have used S. Pombe, a monocellular eukaryotic organism providinq powerfull genetic tools as a model system to elucidate the roles of sumoylation in cellullar processes responsible for the maintenance of the stability of the genome. We showed Pli 1p to be a SUMO E3 Ligase of the Siz/PIAS family implicated in three key nuclear fonctions for genetic stability : the centromeres, the telomères and the repair of DMA damage occurring durina the S phase of genome duplication
Coppel, Yannick. "Études de la structure de complexes ADN-ligand par résonance magnétique nucléaire et modélisation nucléaire : sondes de chiralite de l'ADN, modèles d'AP-endonuclease." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE10079.
Full textTran, Phong Lan Thao. "Quadruplexes de guanines : formation, stabilité et interaction." Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR21888/document.
Full textGuanine quadruplexes (G4) are non-canonical four-stranded nucleic acid structures formed by guanine-rich DNA and RNA sequences. Theses polymorphic structures are built from the stacking of several G-quartets and could be involved in many fields, in biotechnology as well as in nanotechnology. The study of modified tetramolecular G4 presented in this manuscript participated to the understanding of tetramolecular G4 formation. Especially, we showed that the insertion of 8-methyl-2’-deoxyguanosine at the 5’-end of the sequence accelerate G4 formation and increase its stability. Besides, we demonstrate here that short guanine rich L-DNA strands (mirror image of natural DNA) form a tetramolecular G4 with the same properties than their enantiomer, but with opposite chirality. The study revealed also self-exclusion between two enantiomers (D- and L- form), showing the controlled parallel self-assembly of different G-rich strands. This work introduced also a simple and stable system to observe tetramolecular antiparallel G4 formation, called “synaptic DNA”, into a DNA origami nanostructure. In vivo, such structures appear to be implicated in genome dynamics, and especially at telomeres. During this thesis, we dedicated a study to the comparison of G4 folding and stability of known telomeric sequences from different organisms. The present study allowed enriching the dataset necessary to build and refine algorithms predicting G4 stability. Last but not least, we developed a G4 ligand screening method onto 96-well plates allowing the comparison of different biological relevant sequences. The G4 stabilisation by specific ligands in some genome regions may prevent cancer cell proliferation, making it an attractive target for anticancer therapy
Somers, Neil. "Structural chemistry of copper(1) / pnicogen-ligand adducts." University of Western Australia. School of Biomedical and Chemical Sciences, 2004. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2005.0057.
Full textSureau, Camille. "Production du virus de l'hépatite B par une lignée d'hépatoblastique humaine différenciée après transfection par le génome viral récircularise." Tours, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOUR3801.
Full textMirzadeh, Nedaossadat, and s3114476@student rmit edu au. "Synthesis, structures and reactions of new cyclometallated dinuclear gold complexes containing the fluorine-substituted ligands." RMIT University. Applied Sciences, 2008. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20081204.114414.
Full textCastaneda, Saucedo Eduardo. "Role of the retinoid X receptor α (RXRα) and its heterodimetric partners during skin carcinogenesis." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2004. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2004/CASTANEDA_SAUCEDO_Eduardo_2004.pdf.
Full textSallez, Yves. "Conception d'un système de programmation hors ligne de cellules robotisées intégrant le langage ADA." Valenciennes, 1988. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/3941307a-1d5e-4e41-8bd2-65df2a934515.
Full textSallez, Yves. "Conception d'un système de programmation hors ligne de cellules robotisées intégrant le langage ADA." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37618415n.
Full textPiccolo, Stefano. "Biophysical characterization of aptamer-ligand interactions by native mass spectrometry." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0276.
Full textAptamers are single-stranded nucleic acids capable to bind selectively to a ligand or to a family of molecules. Aptamers are the sensing part of riboswitches, which are regulatory segments of messenger RNA involved in gene expression. Aptamers are also promising artificial probes, sensors and stimuli-responsive elements. In the development of aptamer-based technology, it is crucial to understand how binding is occurring, to quantify affinities, and ligand-induced conformational changes. The objective of this thesis is to explore the applicability of native IM-MS to DNA and RNA aptamers to quantify binding and to detect conformational change upon binding.In the first part, we evaluated the quantitative determination of equilibrium dissociation constants (KD) by mass spectrometry (MS), and the necessity of including a correction for relative response factors of free and bound aptamers. We compared isothermal titration calorimetry and MS titrations to validate the quantifications. Two RNA aptamers were taken as models: the malachite green aptamer, extensively studied by ITC, and the riboflavin mononucleotide aptamer, a case of Mg2+-dependent ligand binding. We observed that typical volatile electrolytes ammonium acetate and trimethyl ammonium acetate are suitable to study RNA aptamer binding, and that comparable KD values are obtained from ITC and native MS. The neomycin and tobramycin RNA aptamers were chosen to test the limit of detection of native MS. We found that native MS is appropriate to determine KD values in the range from 50 nM to 30 µM. The relative response factor correction was relatively modest in all cases, suggesting that the ligand binding is not associated to a significant conformational difference upon ionization. For these aptamers, we conclude that assuming equal response factors is acceptable.In the second part, we evaluated whether the aptamers’ “adaptive binding” mechanism can be revealed by ion mobility spectrometry (IMS). To this aim, in addition to the systems listed above we studied the tetracycline RNA aptamer and a series of cocaine-binding DNA aptamers, for which the conformational change upon binding is reported in literature. For all aptamers except the tetracycline aptamer, we did not observe a significant difference in the shape of the gas-phase structure upon ligand or Mg2+ binding. However, a significant change was observed in tetracycline RNA aptamer’s ion mobilities, at biologically relevant concentration of Mg2+ (100 µM), and we found that Mg2+ is essential for ligand binding, in agreement with previous solution studies. For the cocaine-binding DNA aptamer series, although we observed similar compactness for the free and bound aptamers in soft pre-IMS conditions, a conformational extension occurs at high pre-IMS activation, best revealed by charge state 7-, suggesting gas-phase rearrangements. To better investigate whether the energetics of these rearrangements depend on pre-folding or on ligand binding, we modified the sequences with dA overhangs, to compare systems with similar numbers of degrees of freedom without altering the core structure. We also propose new ways of presenting the data, adapted to the cases where ligand dissociation, declustering and unfolding occur at similar voltages. The gradual increase of the pre-IMS collisional activation revealed that the unfolding energetics is correlated with the base pairs content, suggesting that base pairs are conserved in the gas-phase structures. We also found that ligand is lost at lower energies than unfolding.In summary, gas-phase compaction occur for both the free aptamers and bound aptamers, and memories of the solution-phase structures can only be revealed in some particular cases. However, the compaction towards similar shapes might constitute an advantage for the quantification, because molecular systems of similar shapes have similar electrospray responses. Consequently, native MS provides reliable estimations of KD values
Ayel, Elodie. "Reconnaissance spécifique de l'ADN en double-brin par des oligonucléotides : sélection in vitro en présence de ligand." Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066329.
Full textSidibe, Assitan. "Effet de ligands de G-quadruplexes sur la séquence terminale des télomères." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MNHN0017.
Full textThe role of telomeres in protecting the genome, and their involvement in senescence and cancer make them a prime target in the fight against cancer. An original strategy is to block the access of proteins to the telomeric end necessary for replication and stability, such as telomerase which is activated in 85% of cancers or TRF2 and POT1, proteins that protect the telomeric end. Because of the guanine repetition on the G strand, telomeric ends can form quadruplex structures in guanine (G-quadruplexes) whose stabilization by specific ligands (G4 ligands) blocks the replication of telomeres and alters its integrity. Treatment of tumor cells with G4 ligands causes a dysfunction associated with the dissociation of telomeric proteins POT1 and TRF2 and leads to apoptosis or cell senescence. The analysis of the telomeric end terminal sequence by the STELA method (Single Telomere Length Analysis) shows that the C-terminal sequence of the strand ends mainly by the sequence ATC-5 ʼ. POT1 protein is responsible for the resection of the C strand of telomeres by recruiting an exonuclease capable of creating a single-stranded substrate for telomerase. Depletion of POT1 by RNA interference causes a deregulation of the C strand end. We studied in our work the effect of G4 ligands on the terminal sequence of the telomeric C strand at the telomere of chromosome XpYp and at all telomeres using a modification of the technique of STELA. Our results show that a low concentration of derivatives of the pyridine dicarboxamides series causes a minor but significant effect on the terminal sequence of XpYp telomeres and of all telomeres in HT1080 cell line. On the contrary, a higher concentration does not alter the C strand termination in HT1080, A549 and HeLa cells but induces a replicative stress. The modest effect of these ligands can be explained by an incomplete activity of dissociation of the protein POT1 of telomeres compared to its depletion by RNA interference. Indeed, we also showed that the nearly complete depletion of POT1 by shRNA randomizes the terminal sequence of the C strand
Papillon, Julie. "Etude structurale et fonctionnelle des complexes de l'ADN gyrase, une ADN topoisomérase bactérienne de type II." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAJ127.
Full textType II DNA topoisomerases (Topo2A) remodel DNA topology during replication, transcription and chromosome segregation. Most TopoIIA are able to perform ATP-‐dependent DNA relaxation or decatenation but the bacterial DNA gyraseis the sole type II DNA topoisomerase able to introduce negative supercoils. Several biochemical and structural studies haverevealed a highly sophisticated supercoiling catalytic mechanism but despite a wealth of information, the full architectureof Topo2A and the structural basis for DNA supercoiling remain elusive. Due to their physiological roles, topoisomerasesare also important targets for antibiotics targeting the bacterial enzyme but also anti-‐cancer molecules inhibiting the humanprotein. This presented work has combinedboth structural and functional approach to answer the fundamental mechanisticquestions still unveiled and to discover new inhibitors against the emergence of resistant bacterial population
Fraser, Claire Louise. "Bisubstrate kinetics and processivity measurements on Escherichia coli DNA ligase A." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2012. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/bisubstrate-kinetics-and-processivity-measurements-on-escherichia-coli-dna-ligase-a(25bf65df-5bce-44d2-a589-8c937546f296).html.
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