Relevant bibliographies by topics / Administrative practices

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Administrative practices'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 19 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Administrative practices"

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Zherebtsov, A. N., and N. V. Pavlov. "The issues of the nature and law-enforcement value of administrative practices." Lex Russica, no. 3 (April 5, 2019): 34–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1729-5920.2019.148.3.034-044.

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The present study elucidates approaches developed in the juridical science and defining legal practice as a socially significant legal activity of the participants. The authors propose their own social-philosophical and legal justification of legal (administrative) practice as a means of transforming reality. To this end, legal practice is acting as a necessary social, organizational and legal means of improving human activity in the implementation of state and municipal administration. The authors propose a social and philosophical understanding of administrative (state-administrative) practice as the result of state-administrative activities arising in the development of administrative relations and entailing the achievement of socially useful goals of state (municipal) administration in the form of an administrative legal act or repeated organizational act of the body and (or) public administration official (usages of administrative practices). In the course of the research the authors give their own understanding of forms of objectification of administrative practice when state and municipal administration is being carried out. Such forms include empirical non-normative legal act and the usage of administrative practice. The result of the study of the nature and forms of objectification of administrative practice involves the definition of its importance for law enforcement practice, which is mandatory practice for the participants of State and municipal administration when they implement internal State and municipal administration. A mandatory nature of empirical administrative legal acts for administered entities within the framework of external state and municipal administration is mediated insofar as they become participants of administrative legal relations within the framework of which the provisions of these acts are implemented. In other cases, these acts are not mandatory for the administered entities. In addition, an administered entity is not deprived of the right to act in compliance with the provisions of the law or a bylaw rather than in compliance with the provisions of a nonnormative administrative legal act that formally is not a normative legal act, but in fact it of regulatory nature. The study defines the meaning of the usages of administrative activities as one of the forms of objectification of administrative practices.
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Brownson, Ross C., Rodrigo S. Reis, Peg Allen, Kathleen Duggan, Robert Fields, Katherine A. Stamatakis, and Paul C. Erwin. "Understanding Administrative Evidence-Based Practices." American Journal of Preventive Medicine 46, no. 1 (January 2014): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2013.08.013.

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Varygin, Aleksander Nikolaevich, Irina Alekseevna Efremova, Vladimir Gennadievich Gromov, Pavel Anatolievich Matushkin, and Anastasia Mikhailovna Shuvalova. "Administrative oversight: improving compliance practices." SHS Web of Conferences 118 (2021): 03001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202111803001.

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The main purpose of the research is to determine the goals, objectives and functions of administrative supervision and develop proposals for improving the legislation of the Russian Federation regulating issues related to the implementation of administrative supervision. Research methods: general scientific methods (analysis and synthesis, logical methods) and private scientific methods of cognition (formally-legally, specifically-sociological etc.). Outcome: the author’s version of the administrative supervision goals and objectives set out in the regulatory documents of the Russian Federation is proposed: 1. Administrative supervision is established to prevent the commission of crimes and other offences by persons. 2. The administrative supervision focuses on implementation by the internal affairs bodies of supervision over the observance by supervised persons of temporary restrictions on their rights and freedoms, as well as over the fulfillment of their duties stipulated by the related federal law; identification of violations by those under the supervision and taking measures in accordance with the law; individual preventive treatment of such persons. The novelty of the study is due to an integrated approach to the research into the goals, objectives and functions of administrative supervision and the developed proposals for improving the Russian legislation regulating issues in that area.
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WARAI, Michael TAOYANG. "Informal Practices in Public Administrations in Cameroon." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 11, no. 1 (January 15, 2021): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v11i1.17986.

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The article questions the practices of violation of the law and the link between illegality and administrative practices, with a focus on administrative services. In this paper, I propose to study the experience of Cameroon, a country where formality and informality work hand in hand. Precisely, administrative practices have for some time seen the proliferation of unconventional practices in the management of administrative services. The assessment is the use of informality that rub shoulders with the formal rules established by the legislator. The informal management of administrative services can be explained on the one hand by the state crisis which results in the state registry struggling to take. Administrative burdens as an institutional factor should not also be overlooked as an explanatory factor for this practice. Informality, therefore, becomes an alternative to bypass regulatory frameworks. The objective of this article is to stimulate reflection on the role that informality can play in administrative practices in Cameroon. Starting from the principle of methodological individualism, we demonstrate that informality is a vector of underdevelopment, and this way of doing must retain the attention of governments to overcome this practice.
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Intindola, Melissa, Sean Rogers, Carol Flinchbaugh, and Doug Della Pietra. "Hospital administrative characteristics and volunteer resource management practices." Journal of Health Organization and Management 30, no. 3 (May 16, 2016): 372–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhom-10-2014-0178.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the links between various characteristics of hospital administration and the utilization of classes of volunteer resource management (VRM) practices. Design/methodology/approach – This paper uses original data collected via surveys of volunteer directors in 122 hospitals in five Northeastern and Southern US states. Findings – Structural equation modeling results suggest that number of paid volunteer management staff, scope of responsibility of the primary volunteer administrator, and hospital size are positively associated with increased usage of certain VRM practices. Research limitations/implications – First, the authors begin the exploration of VRM antecedents, and encourage others to continue this line of inquiry; and second, the authors assess dimensionality of practices, allowing future researchers to consider whether specific dimensions have a differential impact on key individual and organizational outcomes. Practical implications – Based on the findings of a relationship between administrative characteristics and the on-the-ground execution of VRM practice, a baseline audit comparing current practices to those VRM practices presented here might be useful in determining what next steps may be taken to focus investments in VRM that can ultimately drive practice utilization. Originality/value – The exploration of the dimensionality of volunteer management adds a novel perspective to both the academic study, and practice, of volunteer management. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first empirical categorization of VRM practices.
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Rousseau, Denise M., and Martin M. Greller. "Human resource practices: Administrative contract makers." Human Resource Management 33, no. 3 (1994): 385–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hrm.3930330308.

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Clark, Paul F., Kay Gilbert, Lois S. Gray, and Norman Solomon. "Union administrative practices: A comparative analysis." Journal of Labor Research 19, no. 1 (March 1998): 189–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12122-998-1010-6.

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Yanow, Dvora. "Symposium—Public Administration in “Translation”: Non-Western and Other Administrative Practices." Administrative Theory & Praxis 27, no. 1 (May 2005): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10841806.2005.11029478.

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Calabrese, Raymond. "A collaboration of school administrators and a university faculty to advance school administrator practices using appreciative inquiry." International Journal of Educational Management 29, no. 2 (March 9, 2015): 213–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijem-03-2014-0028.

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Purpose – An appreciative inquiry (AI) collaborative study with 11 school administrators in a highly diverse suburban school district sought to understand if observing and sharing successful school practices/events in a whole group setting led to change in their perceptions, attitudes, and administrative practice. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – The study took place over a ten-week period with a group of self-selected (voluntary participation) school administrative participants. Findings – There were two findings: the AI focus of inquiry on successful practices/events shapes school administrator perceptions, attitudes, and application of craft knowledge to practice; and the school administrators’ sharing of successful practices/events in a whole group setting generated new forms of practice during the ten-week study. Originality/value – The findings suggest that reflection and integration of successful practices/events are a source of craft knowledge advancing changes in school administrative practice.
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van Berkel, Maaike. "Reconstructing Archival Practices in Abbasid Baghdad." Journal of Abbasid Studies 1, no. 1 (June 10, 2014): 7–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22142371-12340003.

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The Abbasid administration relied extensively on the use of written documents. The central administrative apparatus in Baghdad, with its numerous specialised bureaus, seems to have been one of the main producers of documents and it must have possessed some of the largest archives of its era. However, only few documents issued by and written for the central administration have survived in their original form. Through an analysis of references found in narrative sources, this article seeks to provide a reconstruction of the functioning of the archives of the central administration in Baghdad during the caliphate of al-Muqtadir (r. 295/908-320/932).
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Administrative practices"

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Riccio, Steven J. "Government and administrative practices in occupational training." Instructions for remote access. Click here to access this electronic resource. Access available to Kutztown University faculty, staff, and students only, 1998. http://www.kutztown.edu/library/services/remote_access.asp.

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Faltas, Iberkis. "Effect of Administrative Practices on Law Enforcement Officers' Emotional Intelligence Performance." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5701.

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Between 2001 and 2017, the Civilian Complaint Review Board (CCRB) received 295,616 allegations of police misconduct involving New York Police Department (NYPD) officers' use of force, abuse of authority, discourtesy, and offensive language (FADO). The purpose of this study was to explore the influence of administrative disciplinary actions on officers' emotional intelligence and performance in relation to citizen complaints of police misconduct. The central research question addressed how administrative practices influence law enforcement officers' behavior in relation to emotional intelligence-based performance. The theoretical construct for this study is based on the emotional intelligence theories of Bar-On, Goleman, and Mayer, DiPaolo and Salovey which suggest that individuals, including police officers, are responsible for their emotional intelligence and conduct. A qualitative analysis of citizen allegations of police misconduct of the NYPD was conducted using documents from the CCRB and Office of the Inspector General for the NYPD. Each complaint was evaluated using a thematic-based analysis. The findings suggested that the NYPD's low disciplinary rate might have influenced FADO behavior, revealing patterns and practices of racial, ethnic, and social stereotyping, and a lack of compliance with department policies. Recommendations include officer and administrator training on emotional intelligence practices and restructuring department policy processes which can lead to positive social change by helping law enforcement agencies engender trust with their communities and eliminate patterns and practices related to social bias, profiling, and racial stereotyping.
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Anderson, Ricardy J. "Investigation of teacher and administrative practices regarding gifted students in middle schools." Scholarly Commons, 2006. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/2504.

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On the continuum of special needs students, gifted students are often under-served. Research suggests the lack of services reported for these learners is similar across gender, grade level and type of school. However, much of the existing literature regarding differentiation of instructional practices for gifted learners is limited to the elementary level. This study sought to identify administrative and teacher practices regarding differentiation for gifted students in the regular education classroom in middle schools. More specifically, quantitative questionnaires were developed to identify the types of differentiated instructional activities classroom teachers utilize, describe programs offered to gifted students and identify factors which school administrators believe to be important to their role in addressing gifted programming. This exploratory study utilized quantitative, non-experimental methodology. The sample included teachers and administrators in public middle schools in Alameda and Sacramento counties in California in which gifted learners are taught in the regular classroom. While middle school teachers who instruct gifted learners in the regular education classroom employ differentiated strategies in the areas of enrichment, curriculum and grouping, teachers also engage in non-differentiated practices in the areas curricular materials, assessment and acceleration. Results reveal that the use and application of the strategies devised for gifted learners is uneven. Differentiation in the instructional program does not occur with consistent frequency and limited opportunities are presented in the areas of enrichment, differentiated curriculum and grouping. Whereas administrators indicate enrichment, self-selected projects, subject acceleration, enrichment and flexible grouping, should be provided to all gifted learners, actual services provided school-wide as reported by both administrators and teachers focuses significantly on enrichment, differentiated curriculum and grouping. Data shows that the activities reported to be beneficial to students by administrators which include participation in enrichment activities, differentiated curriculum and grouping, are generally reported to be in use by teachers. Although administrators report many activities to be essential to their role in addressing gifted programming, limited training hinders administrators from providing adequate support to teachers and conducting appropriate evaluations.
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FREY, KATIE MANCIET. "ADMINISTRATIVE IMPLICATIONS OF SELF-REPORTED INSTRUCTIONAL BELIEFS AND PRACTICES OF SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184057.

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The primary purpose of this study was to assess the viability of selected subscales of an educational beliefs survey for use in educational planning and decision making. A secondary purpose was to determine if classroom practices of teachers in selected secondary schools were related to their instructional beliefs as measured through self-report instruments. Data collection involved two phases. The Teacher Beliefs Inventory was utilized for gathering data related to instructional beliefs. Demographic data was also gathered in the first phase of data collection. Teachers' instructional practices were assessed in phase two through use of the Instructional Practices Survey. These surveys were administered to secondary school teachers in one public school district in Pima County, Arizona. For each questionnaire, items were separately tabulated. The Teacher Control and Discipline and the Student Participation subscales of the Teacher Beliefs Inventory and the two Teacher-Centered and Student-Centered subscales of the Instructional Practices Survey were further analyzed. The subscales of each instrument were also combined as typologies in order to allow examination of the dimensions as interrelated rather than dichotomous factors. The surveys were analyzed independently and then in relationship to one another. Analysis of variance results indicated significant relationships between belief types and both student-centered (p = .0001) and teacher-centered (p < .0001) practices. Chi-square analysis established a relationship between belief and practice typologies (p = .0003) but did not establish the nature of the relationship. Latent class analysis indicated the data could be explained with a three-class model consisting of two cells which specify high-low relationships between the subscales and one quasi-independence class into which remaining cases would fall. This finding was consistent with positions found in the literature that conditional hierarchies may exist among belief dimensions. The findings support the use of the two subscales of the Teacher Beliefs Inventory which were investigated in this study. Those subscales have been organized and labeled the Instructional Beliefs Survey. The survey has several potential applications for educational planning and decision making. Obtained results can be used in staff development, teacher preservice education, curriculum development and program selection, and instructional supervision.
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Campbell, Katharine. "AN ANALYTICAL UNDERSTANDING OF ADMINISTRATIVE PRACTICES MINIMIZING VICARIOUS TRAUMATIZATION IN DOMESTIC VIOLENCE ORGANIZATIONS I." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2008. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2497.

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Working within the field of domestic violence can result in the occurrence of vicarious traumatization. The literature supports that collegial support and supervision are effective tools organizations can implement to assist in minimizing vicarious trauma. This study, guided by constructive self development theory and feminist theory, examines whether the level of vicarious trauma is impacted by knowledge base, collegial support, and supervision. Staff within certified shelters in the state of Florida were surveyed using a research designed instrument and the Trauma and Attachment Belief Scale. A total of 112 participants were recruited using the Tailor Design Method of surveying. Findings indicate that uniquely none of the independent variables significantly impacted vicarious trauma symptoms. However, collectively knowledge base, collegial support and supervision did impact minimizing vicarious trauma. Further, five of the ten subscales of vicarious trauma showed a statistically significant relationship with the independent variables. Implications for domestic violence agencies, practitioners, and future research are drawn.
Ph.D.
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Health and Public Affairs
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Maitra, Aparajita. "AN ANALYSIS OF LEADERSHIP STYLES AND PRACTICES OF UNIVERSITY WOMEN IN ADMINISTRATIVE VICE PRESIDENCIES." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1178711590.

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Voultsos, Leon. "Fairness of a dismissal from a contractural and administrative law perspective." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1288.

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Section 157 of the LRA provides for the nature and extent of the Labour Courts jurisdiction. This provision has been subjected to extensive interpretation by the Judiciary and the various interpretations of the courts have not been entirely consistent. Specific mention is made of the relevance and applicability of section 157(1) and (2) of the LRA regarding the overlap between administrative law and contractual law into labour law. Reference will be made to case law specifically dealing with cases concerning the jurisdiction of the civil courts and labour courts where cases concerning employment and labour matters were brought either in terms of the PAJA or on the basis of contract law. The question arose whether matters which appear to be quintessential labour matters but simultaneously also capable of being entertained on the basis of the PAJA or in terms of contract law are matters which, generally, in terms of section 157(1) of the LRA fall within the exclusive preserve of the Labour Court or, in terms of section 157(2) of the LRA, fall within the concurrent jurisdiction of the High Court and the Labour Court. The discussion which follows will also include reference to the current legal position pertaining to the prohibition of public sector employees from pressing their claims relating to employment or labour matters in the civil courts on the basis of the PAJA as decided in the Chirwa v Transnet Ltd (2008) 2 BLLR 97 (CC) and; the impact thereof on employees pressing claims pertaining to employment and labour matters in the civil courts on the basis of contract law. In addition the similarity of considerations which are common to both administrative law and contract law regarding the “overlap” of each into labour law will be considered and discussed. In the light of the discussion which follows agreement will be expressed with certain decisions of the High Court and the SCA where civil courts were held to retain jurisdiction to entertain common law contractual claims concerning labour and iv employment matters as opposed to restricting all employment and labour matters to the forums established under the LRA and to claims and remedies which are provided for by the LRA.
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Bayat, Abdullah. "The identities and practices of school administrative clerks in selected schools in the Western Cape." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86305.

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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: School administrative clerks are a category of educational worker that is normally overlooked by those doing research on schools. These workers are also ubiquitously underappreciated in school discourses. There is a lack of research on the identities and practices of administrative clerks which is the specific focus of this thesis. This thesis aims to address this knowledge gap in the literature. Therefore the research questions addressed in this thesis were: (1) how are school administrative clerks’ identities and practices constituted? (2) what are school administrative clerks contributions to the functioning of schools? The research questions were answered by conducting a qualitative study that involved interviewing and observing three purposively chosen school administrative clerks as well as conducting document analysis of policy documents. The analysis of the data was written up in four articles, each employing theoretical frameworks apposite for the analysis that it pursued. The articles variously addressed the way in which school administrative clerks’ identities and practices are negotiated. They provided insight into their professional contributions in their worksites. This is a thesis by articles. It consists of six chapters. The introductory wraparound chapter is followed by four articles, which constitute the four middle chapters of the thesis. These four academic articles have been published in, or submitted for publication to, different journals. Chapter six is the conclusion chapter. The insights gained from the four articles were that the administrative clerks’ identities and practices were constituted by their exercise of agency. They enacted what I regarded as a form of ‘subordinated agency’. The first article suggests that their reflexive agency resulted in spatial practices that made a contribution to their schools’ management and teaching practices. The second article suggests that administrative clerks’ rhetorical agency was established through their careful and tactful negotiation of rhetorical spaces in order to exercise their voice. They accomplished this through their resistance to the rhetorical norms of the school. The third article argues that they enacted an ethical agency which was instantiated through their quest for self-transformation which led to professional practices that had considerable positive consequences for the school. The fourth article posits that their accumulation of information and relational resources translated into a form of participatory capital that laid the foundation for their agency. It is through the deployment of their participatory capital that they exercised their agency to fashion unique professional identities. The conclusion of the thesis is that agency plays a significant role in the way that school administrative clerks’ identities, practices and their contribution to their school spaces are instantiated. School administrative clerks’ identities and practices are constituted by the subordinated agency that they are able to marshal within the professional spaces of their work environments. It is this subordinated agency that propels the administrative clerks’ daily creative boundary crossings between their school management practices on the one hand and their broader educational practices on the other hand. The study thus presents an analysis of their incisive professional contribution in spite of their putative subordinated status.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Skool administratiewe klerke is 'n groep opvoedkundige werkers wat normaalweg oor die hoof gesien word wanneer navorsing in skole gedoen word. Hierdie groep word ook duidelik onder verteenwoordig in diskoerse oor skole. Daar is 'n gebrek aan navorsing oor die identiteite en praktyke van administratiewe klerke. Laasgenoemde is die spesifieke fokus van hierdie tesis. Hierdie tesis poog om hierdie leemte in die literatuur aan te spreek deur die volgende navorsingsvrae aan te spreek: (1) hoe word skool administratiewe klerke se identiteit en praktyke gekonstrueer? (2) wat is die skool administratiewe klerke se bydrae tot die funksionering van skole? ’n Kwalitatiewe studie is gebruik om die navorsingsprobleem aan te spreek. Dit het die vorm van dokumente analise sowel as onderhoude en waarnemings van drie administratiewe klerke aangeneem. Elk van hierdie artikels spreek die skool se administratiewe klerk se identiteit en praktyke aan deur van ’n verskillende teoretiese raamwerk gebruik te maak. Hierdeur is insig verkry in hul professionele bydrae in hul onderskeie werksomgewings. Hierdie is 'n tesis deur artikel publikasie, wat uit ses hoofstukke bestaan. Die inleidende hoofstuk word gevolg deur vier hoofstukke, elk in die vorm van ’n artikel. Hierdie vier akademiese artikels is reeds gepubliseer of voorgelê vir publikasie in verskillende joernale. Die gevolgtrekking word in hoofstuk ses aangebied. Die vier artikels het na vore gebring dat skole se administratiewe klerke se identiteite en praktyke gekonstitueer word deur die uitoefening van hulle agentuur. Daar is bevind dat hulle ’n ondergeskikte agentuur uitoefen. Die eerste artikel benadruk dat hul agentuur die resultaat is van hulle refleksiewe ruimtelike praktyke. Die tweede artikel benadruk dat administratiewe klerke se retoriese agentuur voorgebring word deur hulle retoriese ruimtes, waarin hulle hulself laat geld deur versigtige en taktvolle optrede. Laasgenoemde word vermag deur hul dialektiese weerstand teen ruimtelike norme. Die derde artikel suggereer dat administratiewe klerke 'n etiese agentuur verkry deur hulle soeke na self-transformasie. Ek wil aanvoer dat laasgenoemde aanleiding gee tot professionele praktyke wat ‘n beduidende positiewe uitwerking op die skool het. Die vierde artikel dui daarop dat hul versameling van inligting en beskikbare bronne die grondslag lê vir hul agentskap. Dit is deur middel van die ontplooiing van hul deelnemende kapitaal dat administratiewe klerke by skole hulle agentskap so uitoefen dat dit meewerk in die vorming van hul unieke professionele identiteite. Die gevolgtrekking van hierdie proefskrif is dat agentskap 'n beduidende rol speel in die wyse waarop die identiteite en praktyke van ondergeskiktes soos administratiewe klerke in skoolruimtes gevorm word. Skool administratiewe klerke se identiteit en praktyke word gekonstitueer deur die ondergeskikte agentskap wat hulle in die professionele ruimte van hulle werksomgewing versamel. Dit is hierdie ondergeskikte agentskap wat dit vir die administratiewe klerke moontlik maak om daagliks die grense tussen skool bestuurspraktyke aan die een kant en hulle breër opvoedkundige praktyke aan die ander kant te oorbrug. Hierdie tesis bied 'n analise van die waardevolle professionele bydrae van skool administratiewe klerke, ten spyte van hulle ondergeskikte status.
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Sturgeon, Douglas A. "Filling a need administrative practices in Mason County WV one-room schools from 1935-1950 /." Huntington, WV : [Marshall University Libraries], 2002. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=178.

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Campbell, Katharine M. "An analytical understanding of administrative practices minimizing vicarious traumatization in domestic violence organizations in Florida." Orlando, Fla. : University of Central Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/CFE0002098.

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Books on the topic "Administrative practices"

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1939-, Anang E. Adzei, and Bekoe T. Adjei 1926-, eds. Teshi: Administrative and cultural practices. Tema, Ghana: Ronna Publishers, 2004.

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L, Nelson Jerome, ed. Federal regulatory process: Agency practices and procedures. 2nd ed. New York: Aspen Law & Business, 1989.

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Edles, Gary J. Federal regulatory process: Agency practices and procedures. 2nd ed. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice Hall Law & Business, 1989.

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A, Berg Gary. Why distance learning?: Higher education administrative practices. Westport, CT: American Council on Education, 2002.

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Why distance learning?: Higher education administrative practices. Westport, Conn: Oryx Press, 2002.

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Drucker, Peter F. Management: Tasks, responsibilities, practices. New York: Harper & Row, 1985.

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United Nations Conference for the Promotion of International Co-operation in the Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy. Practices and experiences in legal, administrative and regulatory aspects. S.l: s.n, 1987.

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Bugarin, Alicia. Flattening organizations: Practices and standards. Sacramento, CA (900 N St., Suite 300, Sacramento 95814): California Research Bureau, California State Library, 1997.

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Bugarin, Alicia. Flattening organizations: Practices and standards. Sacramento, CA: California Research Bureau, California State Library, 1997.

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Linda, LaRocque, ed. Struggling to be ʻgood enoughʼ: Administrative practices and school district ethos. London: Falmer Press, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Administrative practices"

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Guilbault, Keri M., and Lauri B. Kirsch. "Administrative Leadership." In Critical Issues and Practices in Gifted Education, 23–35. 3rd ed. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003233961-3.

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Enayati, Hassan, and Sarah von Schrader. "4. Using Administrative Data." In Disability and Employer Practices, edited by Susanne M. Bruyère, 79–96. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/9781501703454-007.

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Kretovics, Mark A., and Erica Eckert. "Organizational and Administrative Structures." In Business Practices in Higher Education, 19–35. Second Edition. | New York : Routledge, 2019. | “First edition published by Routledge 2011”—T.p. verso.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429430770-2.

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Parsons, Kate. "Social Justice Programs and Just Administrative Practices." In Human Rights in Higher Education, 41–57. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91421-3_3.

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Karlsen, Marry-Anne. "Materialising and negotiating borders through administrative practices." In Migration Control and Access to Welfare, 90–110. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003156598-7.

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Dickinson, Julie, and Marian Ead. "Healthcare Provider Licensure Investigations and Administrative Proceedings." In Legal Nurse Consulting Principles and Practices, 613–26. 4th edition. | Abingdon, Oxon [UK] ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429283642-25.

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Affolter, Laura. "Shaping Administrative Practice: The Institutional Habitus." In Asylum Matters, 1–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61512-3_1.

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AbstractIn order to understand how regularities in administrative practice are produced, the shaping of administrative caseworkers’ discretionary practices must be studied. This chapter adopts a holistic way of doing so, arguing that regulatory frameworks, the structural conditions of bureaucratic decision-making, the ideological environments administrations are embedded in as well as professional norms and values shape administrative caseworkers’ practices. Furthermore, the chapter argues that officials develop specific dispositions through organisational socialisation. For this purpose, building on Bourdieu, the concept of the institutional habitus is introduced. The chapter argues that the institutional habitus not only shapes everyday administrative practice but also reaffirms the very regulatory constraints, norms and values that lie at its heart. With regard to the empirical focus of this book—credibility assessments in asylum procedures—the concept of the institutional habitus allows us to analytically grasp the socialised subjectivity which emerges out of caseworkers’ socialisation in the office.
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Marissen, Vicky. "The European Parliament and EU Secondary Legislation: Improved Scrutiny Practices and Upstream Involvement for Delegated Acts and Implementing Acts." In European Administrative Governance, 143–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97391-3_7.

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Lubatkin, Michael, Roland Calori, and Philippe Very. "A Comparative Analysis of British and French Administrative Practices." In Herausforderungen an das Management, 125–39. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61146-9_8.

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Wimmer, Maria A. "Once-Only Principle Good Practices in Europe." In The Once-Only Principle, 61–82. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79851-2_4.

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AbstractDigital transformation has become a recent keyword in the evolution of public sector modernization through the once-only principle (OOP). The once-only principle is among the seven driving principles in the eGovernment Action Plan 2016–2020 of the European Commission (EC). It requires that citizens and businesses need not to provide the same data to governments if that data is already in their hands. The ultimate goal of the principle is to reduce administrative burden and to simplify public service provisioning therewith also reducing costs and improving public service. To boost developments towards administrative burden reduction and simplification in public service provisioning, the SCOOP4C project has investigated good practice solutions across Europe. In this contribution, we provide an overview of good practice OOP cases and OOP enablers studied in the project, followed by a synthesis of the benefits and key enablers to boost the OOP implementation across Europe.
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Conference papers on the topic "Administrative practices"

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Basuki, Andi, Ati’atul Mahnunah, Madziatul Churiyah, Mohammad Arief, and Buyung Adi Dharma. "Electronic Module Practices Development for Office Technology Course to Produce Advanced Administrative Teachers." In The Fifth Padang International Conference On Economics Education, Economics, Business and Management, Accounting and Entrepreneurship (PICEEBA-5 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.201126.039.

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Massoudi, Aram, and MOHAMED AHMED. "Evaluation of sustainable amenities management at restaurants sector in kurdistan region of iraq." In 3rd International Conference on Administrative & Financial Sciences. Cihan University - Erbil, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24086/afs2020/paper.201.

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Purpose – The topic of sustainability is becoming an essential and concerning issue for organizations in today's business environment. Especially in the food and restaurant industry. Sustainability emphases on satisfying the needs of the current period without conceding the capability of future consumers to meet their desires. Yet, an inclusive adoption of Sustainability is lagging in the restaurant and eatery industry in emerging market such as Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Therefore, this research focuses on the current practices of sustainable amenities in restaurants and lodging businesses in Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Design – The researchers conducted unstructured interview for the data collection from (10) restaurateurs managing and working in 5 luxurious restaurants and 5 fast-food ones Methodology – The restaurants selected were categorized as luxurious restaurants and fast food restaurants, the topics of the interviews were related to energy, waste and water. The data were analyzed by using frequency Approach – the main approach in data gathering was qualitative. The interview queries were taken from related articles and divided into 3 sections: awareness plan, strategic planning, and restaurants' criteria of SAM. A content analysis method was used to identify the trend from previously published literature. Findings – The result showed that luxurious restaurants do apply sustainability in their operations, while fast-food restaurants lag behind. Originality of the research –Finally, recommendations of this study can be of help to all restaurants in Kurdistan area by introducing a proper practice of sustainability to improve and develop their businesses to meet customers' needs and gain competitive advantages ahead of their competitors.
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Fajar, Ananda Putra, and Pantius Drahen Soeling. "The Effect of HRM Practices on Employee Organizational Citizenship Behavior in ICT Companies." In 1st International Conference on Administrative Science, Policy and Governance Studies (ICAS-PGS 2017) and the 2nd International Conference on Business Administration and Policy (ICBAP 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icaspgs-icbap-17.2017.11.

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Carius de Barros, Karina, and Sindi Haxhija. "Breaking thorugh rigid administrative boundaries. Synergies in 'soft' spaces of cooperation." In 55th ISOCARP World Planning Congress, Beyond Metropolis, Jakarta-Bogor, Indonesia. ISOCARP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/gwhk1303.

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The concept of ‘soft’ spaces has been introduced in the pursuit of capturing the reality of cooperation practices, marked by continuous attempts to promote new policy scales, initially through the device of fuzzy boundaries. Within such a challenging context - where interests overlap but administrative units do not - the interaction of actors in these areas often remains weak. The study focuses on exploring cooperation motives and implications arising among stakeholders in these ‘soft’ spaces of interaction. Through informal and semi-formal processes of negotiation employed by several relevant actors, the two case study regions attempt to overcome the clashes between local, national and supranational political and administrative discourses.
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NERALLA, NARSAIAH. "Application of Target Costing and Performance Analysis: Evidence from Indian Automobile Industry." In 3rd International Conference on Administrative & Financial Sciences. Cihan University - Erbil, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24086/afs2020/paper.251.

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The manufacturing companies must keep attention over challenges and for the moment of adopting technology and practices instead of observation of competition amongst competitor companies. To create automobile business successful in India, companies are essential to adopting better cost accounting techniques to minimize costs. Target Costing has been identified as a popular technique to accomplish company’s goals. Target costing consist exclusive approach to decide target price for the product and services. Target Costing ensure that new product price would be competitive in the market with substantial quality of products. This research investigates the application procedure of Target Costing (TC) in Automobile companies in India. This study employed Target Costing as a dependent variable and Profitability; Growth; Net Tangibility Assets (NTA); EPS and Firm Size as independent variables. The study adopted convenience sample of top ten automobile companies listed on BSE of India and panel data has covered from 2014-15 to 2018-19 financial years. The results determine the target costing impact on profitability had reported by Pearson’s correlation result shown a negative relationship. Target costing impact on Return on sales examined by simple regression analysis and revealed that there is positive correlation. Finally, Target costing impact on financial performance examined by multiple regression results revealed that there is positive correlation with Revenue from Operation; Profitability; Return on Sales (ROS) and Growth, while negative correlation revealed by Margin from Operation; ROA; Net Tangibility Assets(NTA); EPS and Firm Size.
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Velkovski, Valery. "SOME HIGHLIGHTS AND PROBLEMS FROM THE APPLICATION OF THE CARD OF RESTORED PROPERTY IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF LAND RELATIONS." In SUSTAINABLE LAND MANAGEMENT - CURRENT PRACTICES AND SOLUTIONS 2019. University publishing house "Science and Economics", University of Economics - Varna, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36997/slm2019.74.

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The maintenance of the map of the restored property, as specified in the text of Article 15 of Ordinance № 49 on maintenance of the map of the restored property, is performed by the municipal agricultural services. An important point, reflected in the text of Article 30 of Ordinance № 49, are the legal requirements for the numbering of the properties, subject to a map of the restored property. Each plot of land is marked with a specific number. The characteristic of this number is that it cannot be repeated with another number of the property on the territory of the country. The property number is also the number of the newly formed properties under a project for division or unification of a land property. The sketch of the project for division, division or consolidation of properties is made by the contractor of the technical activities for maintenance of a map of the restored property, determined by the order of the Public Procurement Act. The sketch must contain ten elements, nine technical and one administrative.
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Daghir, Mahmood, and Hussein Alwan. "معدل التضخم في العراق، استقرار ام ركود؟." In 3rd International Conference on Administrative & Financial Sciences. Cihan University - Erbil, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24086/afs2020/paper.272.

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شهد الاقتصاد العراقي تغيرات كبيرة والعديد من الصدمات بعد التغيير السياسي الذي شهده في عام 2003، فعلى مستوى السياسة النقدية، فإن قانون البنك المركزي العراقي رقم (56) لسنة 2004 وما تبعه من تعديلات، كفل استقلالية السلطة النقدية عن الحكومة، مما أتاح للبنك المركزي العراقي أن يرسم سياسته بحرّية واستقلالية بعيدًا عن قرارات الحكومة، على عكس ما كان عليه في ظل النظام السياسي قبل 2003، وأهم تغيّر شهده هو سعر صرف الدينار العراقي، إذ استطاع البنك المركزي العراقي –في ظل تنامي تراكم الاحتياطيات الأجنبية بفعل رفع الحصار الاقتصادي وزيادة الصادرات النفطية جنبًا إلى جنب مع الزيادة الكبيرة التي شهدتها أسعار النفط الخام- أن يحافظ على سعر صرف معوم مدار للمدة (2003-2008) وسعر صرف ثابت مقابل الدولار الأمريكي للمدة (2009-حتى تاريخه)، وأن يقلص الفجوة بين السعرين الرسمي والموازي إلى ما دون 2% في عام 2018، بهدف المحافظة على معدل التضخم ضمن المديات المقبولة، بعدّ سعر الصرف المثبت الاسمي للتوقعات التضخمية. وبمحافظة السلطة النقدية على فجوة مقبولة لسعر الصرف، حققت بالوقت ذاته مستويات متدنية وغير مسبوقة لمعدل التضخم –أقل من 1%- وهو ما يولد شكوك حول توجه الاقتصاد نحو الركود، في الوقت الذي تمكنت فيه السلطة النقدية من الوصول إلى فجوة سعر الصرف عند المستوى الذي ينتفي فيه ممارسات تعدد أسعار الصرف (Multiple Currency Practices)، لذا تتمثل مشكلة البحث في كون هذا التراجع في معدل التضخم يعكس تراجعًا حقيقيًا في النشاط الاقتصادي (توجه ركودي)، أم في كونه استقرارًا اقتصاديًا مولدًا للنمو. ولغرض الكشف عن هذه المشكلة فإن هذا البحث ينطلق من فرضية مفادها أن التراجع في معدل التضخم إلى ما دون 1% في السنوات 2016- 2018 يمثل تراجعًا في النمو الاقتصادي في العراق، لذا يهدف هذا البحث إلى دراسة التغيرات التي طرأت على معدل التضخم في العراق وكيفية إدارته من قبل السلطة النقدية، ويعد التحليل الوصفي والقياسي للكشف عن واقع النشاط الاقتصادي في العراق في ظل انخفاض معدل التضخم منهجًا لهذا البحث.
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Xu, Li, and Qiaoqiao Shen. "The Reforms in AI and the Practices of Financial Professionals Training in Higher Vocational Colleges." In 3rd International Conference on Judicial, Administrative and Humanitarian Problems of State Structures and Economic Subjects (JAHP 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/jahp-18.2018.155.

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Suzana, Raja, and Raja Kasim. "The relationship of knowledge management practices, the performance of government departments and Administrative and Diplomatic Officers in Malaysia." In 2010 International Conference on Education and Management Technology (ICEMT). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icemt.2010.5657598.

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Fitriawan, Muhammad, and Rachma Fitriati. "Improving Polri Performance Management Online Practices In Polrestabes Surabaya East Java." In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Administrative Science, Policy, and Governance Studies, ICAS-PGS 2019, October 30-31, Universitas Indonesia, Depok. Indonesia. EAI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.30-10-2019.2299339.

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Reports on the topic "Administrative practices"

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Beverinotti, Javier, Gustavo Canavire-Bacarreza, María Cecilia Deza, and Lyliana Gayoso de Ervin. The Effects of Management Practices on Effective Tax Rates: Evidence from Ecuador. Inter-American Development Bank, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003505.

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This paper examines the effects of management practices on effective tax rates (ETR) in a sample of medium and large manufacturing firms in Ecuador. We use a novel data set on management practice scores matched with administrative tax data from the Superintendence of Companies and the Internal Revenue Services of Ecuador based on firms' tax filings. We find that better management practices are positively associated with effective tax rates, defined as the share of tax obligations to profits. This result is robust under various specifications controlling for different covariates, and to different measures of effective tax rates. Furthermore, our findings indicate that the use of fiscal incentives is positively associated with higher effective tax rates. However, firms that use fiscal incentives are able to fatten or reduce their effective tax rates as management practices improved. Overall, our findings suggest that government-sponsored policies that seek to promote better management practices may be self-sustained, if the additional tax revenue expected from better management practices through higher profits is able to cover the cost of the programs.
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Leffler, James. Policy into Practice: A Study of Legislative Impact on Administrative Practice in Washington Schools. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.1186.

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Muralidharan, Karthik, and Abhijeet Singh. Improving Public Sector Management at Scale? Experimental Evidence on School Governance in India. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2020/056.

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We present results from a large-scale experimental evaluation of an ambitious attempt to improve management quality in Indian schools (implemented in 1,774 randomly-selected schools). The intervention featured several global “best practices” including comprehensive assessments, detailed school ratings, and customized school improvement plans. It did not, however, change accountability or incentives. We find that the assessments were near-universally completed, and that the ratings were informative, but the intervention had no impact on either school functioning or student outcomes. Yet, the program was perceived to be successful and scaled up to cover over 600,000 schools nationally. We find using a matched-pair design that the scaled-up program continued to be ineffective at improving student learning in the state we study. We also conduct detailed qualitative interviews with frontline officials and find that the main impact of the program on the ground was to increase required reporting and paperwork. Our results illustrate how ostensibly well-designed programs, that appear effective based on administrative measures of compliance, may be ineffective in practice.
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Mascagni, Giulia, Roel Dom, and Fabrizio Santoro. The VAT in Practice: Equity, Enforcement and Complexity. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2021.002.

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The value added tax (VAT) is supposed to be a tax on consumption that achieves greater economic efficiency than alternative indirect taxes. It is also meant to facilitate enforcement through the ‘self-enforcing mechanism’ – based on opposed incentives for buyers and sellers, and because of the paper trail it creates. Being a rather sophisticated tax, however, the VAT is complex to administer and costly to comply with, especially in lower-income countries. This paper takes a closer look at how the VAT system functions in practice in Rwanda. Using a mixed-methods approach, which combines qualitative information from focus group discussions with the analysis of administrative and survey data, we document and explain a number of surprising inconsistencies in the filing behaviour of VAT-remitting firms, which lead to suboptimal usage of electronic billing machines, as well as failure to claim legitimate VAT credits. The consequence of these inconsistencies is twofold. It makes it difficult for the Rwanda Revenue Authority to exploit its VAT data to the fullest, and leads to firms, particularly smaller ones, bearing a higher VAT burden than larger ones. There are several explanations for these inconsistencies. They appear to lie in a combination of taxpayer confusion, fear of audit, and constraints in administrative capacity.
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Psomas, Evangelos, Efthalia Keramida, and Antony Jiju. Key themes of practical implications of Lean, Six Sigma and Lean Six Sigma in the public administration sector. A Systematic Literature Review. Purdue University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317333.

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Peterson, Eric, Wenbin Wei, and Lydon George. A Model for Integrating Rail Services with other Transportation Modalities: Identifying the Best Practices and the Gaps for California’s Next State Rail Plan. Mineta Transportation Institute, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.1949.

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The California State Rail Plan (CSRP) is among the best rail plan documents published by any jurisdiction in the United States to date. As such, the CSRP is used in this paper as the basis of comparison to other state rail service plans. These plans will have been submitted to the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) on record as of June 2020—as required under Section 303 of the Passenger Rail Investment and Improvement Act (PRIIA) of 2008. The purpose of this paper is to identify the best practices and gaps that may inform California and other states in their future rail service plan development. This paper is grounded in the realization that, while the general outline of FRA requirements is uniform for all states, the actual content and inclusion of these requirements in the myriad state plans varies greatly. For example, California was granted an exception to help update FRA Rail Plan Guidance for its 2018 Rail Plan, other states have complained that FRA guidance and requirements on rail service planning have put state rail agencies in the position of constantly writing plans with little or no time to implement them. Throughout this research, the authors identify all the elements of FRA guidelines as reflected in the CSRP and rail plans of other states. This report also identifies the best features and planning strategies that may inform and improve the state rail planning process going forward, steps that will positively contribute to the public benefit of enhanced rail systems.
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Acred, Aleksander, Milena Devineni, and Lindsey Blake. Opioid Free Anesthesia to Prevent Post Operative Nausea/Vomiting. University of Tennessee Health Science Center, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21007/con.dnp.2021.0006.

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to compare the incidence of post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in opioid-utilizing and opioid-free general anesthesia. Background PONV is an extremely common, potentially dangerous side effect of general anesthesia. PONV is caused by a collection of anesthetic and surgical interventions. Current practice to prevent PONV is to use 1-2 antiemetics during surgery, identify high risk patients and utilize tracheal intubation over laryngeal airways when indicated. Current research suggests minimizing the use of volatile anesthetics and opioids can reduce the incidence of PONV, but this does not reflect current practice. Methods In this scoping review, the MeSH search terms used to collect data were “anesthesia”, “postoperative nausea and vomiting”, “morbidity”, “retrospective studies”, “anesthesia, general”, “analgesics, opioid”, “pain postoperative”, “pain management” and “anesthesia, intravenous”. The Discovery Search engine, AccessMedicine and UpToDate were the search engines used to research this data. Filters were applied to these searches to ensure all the literature was peer-reviewed, full-text and preferably from academic journals. Results Opioid free anesthesia was found to decrease PONV by 69%. PONV incidence was overwhelming decreased with opioid free anesthesia in every study that was reviewed. Implications The future direction of opioid-free anesthesia and PONV prevention are broad topics to discuss, due to the nature of anesthesia. Administration of TIVA, esmolol and ketamine, as well as the decision to withhold opioids, are solely up to the anesthesia provider’s discretion. Increasing research and education in the importance of opioid-free anesthesia to decrease the incidence of PONV will be necessary to ensure anesthesia providers choose this protocol in their practice.
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Rukundo, Solomon. Tax Amnesties in Africa: An Analysis of the Voluntary Disclosure Programme in Uganda. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2020.005.

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Tax amnesties have taken centre stage as a compliance tool in recent years. The OECD estimates that since 2009 tax amnesties in 40 jurisdictions have resulted in the collection of an additional €102 billion in tax revenue. A number of African countries have introduced tax amnesties in the last decade, including Nigeria, Namibia, South Africa and Tanzania. Despite their global popularity, the efficacy of tax amnesties as a tax compliance tool remains in doubt. The revenue is often below expectations, and it probably could have been raised through effective use of regular enforcement measures. It is also argued that tax amnesties might incentivise non-compliance – taxpayers may engage in non-compliance in the hope of benefiting from an amnesty. This paper examines the administration of tax amnesties in various jurisdictions around the world, including the United States, Australia, Canada, Kenya and South Africa. The paper makes a cost-benefit analysis of these and other tax amnesties – and from this analysis develops a model tax amnesty, whose features maximise the benefits of a tax amnesty while minimising the potential costs. The model tax amnesty: (1) is permanent, (2) is available only to taxpayers who make a voluntary disclosure, (3) relieves taxpayers of penalties, interest and the risk of prosecution, but treats intentional and unintentional non-compliance differently, (4) has clear reporting requirements for taxpayers, and (5) is communicated clearly to attract non-compliant taxpayers without appearing unfair to the compliant ones. The paper then focuses on the Ugandan tax amnesty introduced in July 2019 – a Voluntary Disclosure Programme (VDP). As at 7 November 2020, this initiative had raised USh16.8 billion (US$6.2 million) against a projection of USh45 billion (US$16.6 million). The paper examines the legal regime and administration of this VDP, scoring it against the model tax amnesty. It notes that, while the Ugandan VDP partially matches up to the model tax amnesty, because it is permanent, restricted to taxpayers who make voluntary disclosure and relieves penalties and interest only, it still falls short due to a number of limitations. These include: (1) communication of the administration of the VDP through a public notice, instead of a practice note that is binding on the tax authority; (2) uncertainty regarding situations where a VDP application is made while the tax authority has been doing a secret investigation into the taxpayer’s affairs; (3) the absence of differentiated treatment between taxpayers involved in intentional non-compliance, and those whose non-compliance may be unintentional; (4) lack of clarity on how the VDP protects the taxpayer when non-compliance involves the breach of other non-tax statutes, such as those governing financial regulation; (5)absence of clear timelines in the administration of the VDP, which creates uncertainty;(6)failure to cater for voluntary disclosures with minor errors; (7) lack of clarity on VDP applications that result in a refund position for the applicant; and (8) lack of clarity on how often a VDP application can be made. The paper offers recommendations on how the Ugandan VDP can be aligned to match the model tax amnesty, in order to gain the most from this compliance tool.
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Lumpkin, Shamsie, Isaac Parrish, Austin Terrell, and Dwayne Accardo. Pain Control: Opioid vs. Nonopioid Analgesia During the Immediate Postoperative Period. University of Tennessee Health Science Center, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21007/con.dnp.2021.0008.

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Background Opioid analgesia has become the mainstay for acute pain management in the postoperative setting. However, the use of opioid medications comes with significant risks and side effects. Due to increasing numbers of prescriptions to those with chronic pain, opioid medications have become more expensive while becoming less effective due to the buildup of patient tolerance. The idea of opioid-free analgesic techniques has rarely been breached in many hospitals. Emerging research has shown that opioid-sparing approaches have resulted in lower reported pain scores across the board, as well as significant cost reductions to hospitals and insurance agencies. In addition to providing adequate pain relief, the predicted cost burden of an opioid-free or opioid-sparing approach is significantly less than traditional methods. Methods The following groups were considered in our inclusion criteria: those who speak the English language, all races and ethnicities, male or female, home medications, those who are at least 18 years of age and able to provide written informed consent, those undergoing inpatient or same-day surgical procedures. In addition, our scoping review includes the following exclusion criteria: those who are non-English speaking, those who are less than 18 years of age, those who are not undergoing surgical procedures while admitted, those who are unable to provide numeric pain score due to clinical status, those who are unable to provide written informed consent, and those who decline participation in the study. Data was extracted by one reviewer and verified by the remaining two group members. Extraction was divided as equally as possible among the 11 listed references. Discrepancies in data extraction were discussed between the article reviewer, project editor, and group leader. Results We identified nine primary sources addressing the use of ketamine as an alternative to opioid analgesia and post-operative pain control. Our findings indicate a positive correlation between perioperative ketamine administration and postoperative pain control. While this information provides insight on opioid-free analgesia, it also revealed the limited amount of research conducted in this area of practice. The strategies for several of the clinical trials limited ketamine administration to a small niche of patients. The included studies provided evidence for lower pain scores, reductions in opioid consumption, and better patient outcomes. Implications for Nursing Practice Based on the results of the studies’ randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses, the effects of ketamine are shown as an adequate analgesic alternative to opioids postoperatively. The cited resources showed that ketamine can be used as a sole agent, or combined effectively with reduced doses of opioids for multimodal therapy. There were noted limitations in some of the research articles. Not all of the cited studies were able to include definitive evidence of proper blinding techniques or randomization methods. Small sample sizes and the inclusion of specific patient populations identified within several of the studies can skew data in one direction or another; therefore, significant clinical results cannot be generalized to patient populations across the board.
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Harris, Gregory, Brooke Hatchell, Davelin Woodard, and Dwayne Accardo. Intraoperative Dexmedetomidine for Reduction of Postoperative Delirium in the Elderly: A Scoping Review. University of Tennessee Health Science Center, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21007/con.dnp.2021.0010.

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Background/Purpose: Post-operative delirium leads to significant morbidity in elderly patients, yet there is no regimen to prevent POD. Opioid use in the elderly surgical population is of the most significant risk factors for developing POD. The purpose of this scoping review is to recognize that Dexmedetomidine mitigates cognitive dysfunction secondary to acute pain and the use of narcotic analgesia by decreasing the amount of norepinephrine (an excitatory neurotransmitter) released during times of stress. This mechanism of action also provides analgesia through decreased perception and modulation of pain. Methods: The authors developed eligibility criteria for inclusion of articles and performed a systematic search of several databases. Each of the authors initially selected five articles for inclusion in the scoping review. We created annotated literature tables for easy screening by co-authors. After reviewing the annotated literature table four articles were excluded, leaving 11 articles for inclusion in the scoping review. There were six level I meta-analysis/systematic reviews, four level II randomized clinical trials, and one level IV qualitative research article. Next, we created a data-charting form on Microsoft Word for extraction of data items and synthesis of results. Results: Two of the studies found no significant difference in POD between dexmedetomidine groups and control groups. The nine remaining studies noted decreases in the rate, duration, and risk of POD in the groups receiving dexmedetomidine either intraoperatively or postoperatively. Multiple studies found secondary benefits in addition to decreased POD, such as a reduction of tachycardia, hypertension, stroke, hypoxemia, and narcotic use. One study, however, found that the incidence of hypotension and bradycardia were increased among the elderly population. Implications for Nursing Practice: Surgery is a tremendous stressor in any age group, but especially the elderly population. It has been shown postoperative delirium occurs in 17-61% of major surgery procedures with 30-40% of the cases assumed to be preventable. Opioid administration in the elderly surgical population is one of the most significant risk factors for developing POD. With anesthesia practice already leaning towards opioid-free and opioid-limited anesthetic, the incorporation of dexmedetomidine could prove to be a valuable resource in both reducing opioid use and POD in the elderly surgical population. Although more research is needed, the current evidence is promising.
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