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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Administrative decisions

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Academic literature on the topic 'Administrative decisions'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 3 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Administrative decisions"

1

Frumarová, Kateřina. "Nullity and Other Defects of Administrative Decisions in the Czech Republic." Baltic Journal of European Studies 5, no. 2 (October 1, 2015): 70–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bjes-2015-0014.

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AbstractThis article deals with the issue of administrative decision, which represents one of the principal forms of the realization of public administration in the Czech Republic. Even if the Czech legislation provides for its issuance a number of requirements in relation to its content and form, in practice, however, there are violations of these legal conditions and requirements and then we talk about a defective administrative decision. According to how to remedy the defective administrative acts, distinction is made between formally defective administrative decisions, factually inaccurate decisions, unlawful decisions, and next to them, separately null administrative decisions. The main attention is paid to the nullity, because only the nullity represents the most serious and also irremovable defect of an administrative decision. As the null decision does not exist from the perspective of law, it is not able to affect the rights and duties of its recipients. The null acts, as the only category of defective administrative acts, constitute an exception to the principle of the presumption of validity and correctness of administrative acts.

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Kupita, Weda. "State Administrative Court as a Means to Realize Justice." SHS Web of Conferences 54 (2018): 03007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20185403007.

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The existence of 4 (four) kinds of judicial environment in the Judicial Authority in Indonesia, shows a judicial system adopted in Indonesia. the State Administration Judiciary is a apart of judicial power under the Supreme Court that examines cases relating to state administrative decisions. This article discusses the resolution of disputes as a result of the issuance of state administrative decisions in the state administrative court. This problem will be answered by using the legislation approach and case approach, with analysis using qualitative methods. To test a state administrative decision, a tool is needed to validate a state administrative decision. standard for testing the validity of the state administrative decisions in the examination at the state administrative court, are the laws and regulations and the general principles of good governance.

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Saeed, Dana AbdulKareem, and Dlshad Fatah Faraj. "Protection of the Acquired Rights towards the Administration Authority in withdrawing the Administrative Decisions." Journal of Legal and Political Studies 7, no. 2 (December 22, 2019): 165–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.17656/jlps.10158.

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Nadiyya, Ahsana. "URGENSI CONTEMPT OF COURT DALAM PELAKSANAAN PUTUSAN PTUN: STUDI PERBANDINGAN INDONESIA DAN THAILAND." Yustitia 8, no. 1 (April 30, 2022): 48–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.31943/yustitia.v8i1.148.

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The implementation of the decisions of the State Administrative Court (PTUN) in positive law has been strengthened by using administrative and civil coercive measures in the form of imposition of forced money. However, in the decision execution mechanism, the Administrative Court does not have an executive body, so that the State Administration Officer is often disobedient and does not implement the Administrative Court decisions. Thus, citizens' constitutional rights to justice that have been decided by the State Administrative Court can be threatened. This study aims to compare the PTUN system in Thailand and Indonesia and analyze the urgency of contempt of court action. This research uses normative research with a statutory approach and a comparative approach. The results of this study are that there is no regulation regarding the contempt of court and the executorial institutions of the Administrative Court decisions in Indonesia. Meanwhile, Thailand already has a contempt of court regulation and an executive body that functionally carries out the execution of litigants. Therefore, the regulation and implementation of contempt of court to State Administration Officials who do not implement the Administrative Court decisions is an urgency to increase the effectiveness of the execution of Administrative Court decisions in Indonesia.

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Pattipawae, Dezonda Rosiana, Hendrik Salmon, and Natanel Lainsamputty. "Due To The Legal Non-Compliance of State Administrative Officers With The Implementation of Forced Money (Dwangsom) In The Execution of State Administrative Decisions." SASI 28, no. 2 (May 7, 2022): 182. http://dx.doi.org/10.47268/sasi.v28i2.730.

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Introduction: The non-compliance of the state administrative body or official with the TUN Court decision can be in the form of not revoking the disputed State Administrative decision, not revoking the TUN decision, not issuing a TUN decision, not complying with the obligation to pay compensation set by the court and not complying to rehabilitate the good name plaintiff.Purposes of the Research: The purpose of this study is to examine and analyze the payment of forced money and administrative sanctions against state administration officials who do not comply with the state administration's decisions and legal actions due to non-compliance of state administration officials to the application of forced money (dwangson) in the execution of state administration decisions.Methods of the Research: The writing method used is sociological juridical research. The location of this research is the Ambon State Administrative Court, the Ambon City Government Legal Division, the Maluku Province Law and Human Rights Bureau and the Central Maluku District Government Law Department.Results of the Research: The results of the study indicate that the disobedience of State Administrative Officials in implementing decisions that already have permanent legal force because there are no regulations and or legal provisions regarding forced payment of money to be implemented if the State Administrative Officials do not implement decisions that already have permanent legal force, and there is no special agency or executive body

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Supriyadi, Supriyadi, and Widyatmi Anandy. "Dinamika Penanganan Pelanggaran Administrasi." Jurnal Adhyasta Pemilu 3, no. 2 (December 6, 2021): 141–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.55108/jap.v3i2.15.

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Bawaslu is an institution that is given the authority to resolve election / election administration violations. The nature of Bawaslu's decisions and recommendations for administrative violations must be followed up by the KPU and its officials, this is confirmed in the provisions of Article 462 of Law No. the administration issued by Bawaslu is not obeyed by the institution implementing the decision / recommendation. Identification of problems: first, what is the nature of mandatory norms in the provisions of the Election / Pilkada Law? Related to follow-up on decisions / recommendations of Bawaslu Administrative Violations? Second, how is the Compliance with the Decision / Recommendation of Administrative Violation of Bawaslu? Third, what factors influence compliance with Bawaslu Administrative Violation Decisions / Recommendations? This research is a normative juridical study with a focus on analyzing decisions / recommendations for administrative violations of Bawaslu. in this study using a statutory approach, a case approach, and a conceptual approach. The data sources used are primary, secondary and tertiary data. The research results and conclusions. First, the "mandatory" norm in the construction of Article 462 of the Election Law and Article 139 paragraph (2) of the Election Law is imperative (order / force). Second, the KPU institutionally still has an attitude of indifference

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Fejes, Erzsébet, and Iván Futó. "Artificial Intelligence in Public Administration – Supporting Administrative Decisions." Pénzügyi Szemle = Public Finance Quarterly 66, Special edition 2021/1 (2021): 23–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.35551/pfq_2021_s_1_2.

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Artificial intelligence (AI) is an increasingly popular concept, although it is often used only as a marketing tool to label activities that are very far from AI. The purpose of this article is to show what artificial intelligence (AI) tools - expert systems - can actually be used for administrative decision in public administration. The end of the administrative decision must be justified in detail according to the legal regulations. Expert systems do this. The other large group of AI tools, solutions based on machine learning, act as black boxes, mapping input data to output data, so the reason for the solution is unknown. Therefore, these tools are not suitable for direct, administrative decision, but can support office work with expert systems. In this article, we present the operation of expert systems through examples.

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Pennisi, Carlo. "Per una valutazione civile delle pubbliche amministrazioni." RIV Rassegna Italiana di Valutazione, no. 40 (February 2009): 9–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/riv2008-040002.

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- The paper highlights the process of social and institutional change within which evaluation practices are embedded in Italy. To recall the main institutional and normative framework through which the Italian public administration has read its own change can explain the reason why evaluation is necessarily a part of collective decision processes and of their institutionalization. The role participation procedures to public decision processes play in this change reveal the main social and cultural issues which are at stake: the due process and the separation of powers the one no more considered, as it once was, as a criterion and a boundary for administrative action; the other no more assumed as a democratic criterion to distinguish public decisions as either political or administrative ones. Administrative action and political decisions can be no more conclusively identified within the legal framework. They are constituted by the procedural enactment of administrative planning processes; they are also the focus of what we define as civil evaluation: the kind of evaluation processes which are strategic in the re-definition of both citizenship and administration as well as in the institutionalization of their mutual relationship. Key words: institutional change, administrative rules, civil evaluation, collective decisions.

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Kareklas, Stefanos. "“HINDRANCES IN THE EXERCISE OF FUNCTIONS” OF ADMINISTRATION: DEFECTIVE/ILLEGAL ADMINISTRATIVE ACTS, CONTROL MECHANISM." Administrative law and process, no. 2 (29) (2020): 78–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2227-796x.2020.2.06.

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The article discusses the issues of the availability and legal repercussions of illegal administrative acts according to Greek Administrative Law. Following the principle of legality, the operation of the public administration and especially the issuing of administrative decisions should be fully governed by the relevant legal provisions; nevertheless, it rather often happens that decisions are taken, which are partially or completely in violation of legal provisions. Despite that fact, and due to the existing principle of enforcement of administrative decisions independently of their legal status (presumption of legality of the administrative decisions issued), even illegal decisions are producing legal results and have to be removed or suspended in order to re-establish legality. The article presents various types and categories of problematic decisions. This issue is provided according to the theory of Administrative Law in Greece. In addition, the legal remedies foreseen for restitution of legality; the author considers other remedies and procedural functions, which can be applied either by the institutions themselves or by the citizens whose rights were negatively affected by the problematic decision. Even though the situation at the legislative level seems to be satisfactory, the current manifold crisis of the country has led to the (pretty often conscientious) production of extremely defective and illegal decisions, the suspension of which requires time and resources. Whereas the citizens involved have to struggle to maintain their rightful status or even to survive socially and economically. The quantity of such decisions of the administrative and state institutions is reaching a threshold which can be considered risky and dangerous not only for the parties involved but in the medium-term also for the overall democratic structure of the country’s executive and administration.

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Pszczyński, Mateusz. "Administrative Decisions in the Era of Artificial Intelligence." Przegląd Prawniczy Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza 11 (December 30, 2020): 253–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/ppuam.2020.11.13.

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The rapid development of cybernetics allows the use of artificial intelligence in many areas of social and economic life. The State can also harness algorithms and machine learning for its actions. Automatic decision making should be one of the stages in the development and improvement of public administration. While it is easy to implement these solutions in the case of related decisions, decisions made under administrative discretion, general clauses or valuation standards pose a challenge. The correct transformation of paper-based public administration into automatic public administration requires a change in decision makers’ thinking, the introduction of new solutions, and building trust in artificial intelligence. Therefore, new solutions have to be built in accordance with the principles of transparency, accountability, equality, goodness and justice. Artificial intelligence making automatic decisions on behalf of the State must be a tool to support the execution of public tasks concerning citizens which is based on trust towards AI and public administration.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Administrative decisions"

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Репіна, В. С., and І. М. Савіцька. "Modern Methods And Models Of Management Decisions In Administrative Management." Thesis, КНТУ, 2016. http://dspace.kntu.kr.ua/jspui/handle/123456789/4499.

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Thackeray, Vincent Gregory. "Inconsistencies in the rights of review of the merits of Commonwealth administrative decisions /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2001. http://adt.library.uq.edu.au/public/adt-QU20020821.171741/index.html.

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Dorenska, Anna, and А. О. Доренська. "Methodical approaches to organisation of making administrative decisions by hazardous profession personnel." Thesis, Ексклюзив-Систем, 2016. http://dspace.kntu.kr.ua/jspui/handle/123456789/3654.

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Parker, Sarah R. H. "Discretionary administrative decisions and the Charter of Rights : Doré and determining the "proportionate" balance." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/45625.

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This thesis examines the uncertainty in Canadian public law arising from the Supreme Court of Canada’s decision in Doré v Barreau du Québec [Doré] regarding judicial review of rights-limiting administrative decisions. Prior to Doré, the courts applied differing approaches when reviewing the constitutionality of discretionary administrative decisions, vacillating between review under the Charter or an administrative law approach. With Doré, the Court has attempted to resolve the longstanding debate about the appropriate methodological approach to judicial review of administrative decisions for compliance with the Charter, holding that an administrative law approach should be applied. The “Doré approach” requires an assessment of whether the administrative decision reflects a proportionate balancing of the relevant Charter values with the statutory objectives. I analyze the Doré approach, with reference to the historical jurisprudence and academic literature. I suggest that a number of questions and uncertainties are raised by the Court’s lack of guidance on how this approach deals with some of the significant tensions in the relationship between administrative law and the Charter. In particular, the Doré approach does not guarantee that administrative decisions infringing on Charter rights and freedoms are subject only to “such reasonable limits prescribed by law as can be demonstrably justified in a free and democratic society” (as required by section 1 of the Charter). I propose an analytical methodology for judicial review of rights-limiting administrative decisions that is carried out within an administrative law framework but incorporates the spirit of section 1 of the Charter (and the proportionality analysis adopted by the Court in R v Oakes). This approach builds on the Doré “proportionate balancing” approach to create a review framework that: 1. Provides greater assurance that rights-limiting administrative decisions will only be justified if the limit meets the rule of law principles underlying the section 1 “prescribed by law” requirement, and 2. Scrutinizes the decision in a more rigorous manner than the review undertaken in Doré. This recommended approach offers a more coherent and unified conception of the relationship between administrative law and the Charter, and better respects the requirements in section 1 of the Charter.

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Cox, Kelline Sue. "Motivational factors influencing women’s decisions to pursue upper-level administrative positions in higher education." Diss., Kansas State University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/1017.

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Doctor of Education
Department of Educational Leadership
Trudy A. Salsberry
Much of the research on women advancing in higher education has been focused on the external barriers and how to break down the barriers. Initiatives and programs have been implemented, but the number of women in upper-level administrative positions in higher education, although increasing, is not increasing in proportion to women's overall numbers in education and the work force. The structure and processes at work in a particular situation can change more readily than changing people's behaviors directly. With this in mind, the purpose of this study was to take a positive approach by looking to women who have reached the upper-level administrative arena and investigate what influential factors were responsible for motivating them to this achievement. This qualitative multi-case study used the elements of Bandura's Model of Reciprocal Determination, specifically self-efficacy, personal behavior, and environmental factors to determine the factors motivating women to upper-level administrative positions. Eighteen women who have reached the upper-level administrative positions (e.g., provost, vice-president or vice-provost) at land-grant universities were interviewed. The themes of this study suggest that support groups and individual mentors were important motivating factors because these groups and individuals encouraged, coached, and supported women administrators on their decisions to enter higher education and then as they pursued upper-level administrative positions. In addition, women felt successful when they were able to be the nurturers, assisting and influencing others to succeed. Also, the women administrators recognized the need for knowledge, skills, and experience to assist in their career advancement. Furthermore, they emphasized developing and evaluating personal values, and ensured their personal values fit with institutional values. At the same time, women administrators stressed the value of time and the choices they made to balance time between work and family and between work and personal time. Recommendations to implement initiatives to promote and support the motivational factors identified in this study are discussed.

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Cox, Kelline Sue. "Motivational factors influencing women's decisions to pursue upper-level administrative positions in higher education." Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/1017.

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Willis, Cassandra B. "EXAMINING THE RELATIONSHIP OF ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT ON EARLY CAREER SPECIAL EDUCATION TEACHERS’ RETENTION DECISIONS." VCU Scholars Compass, 2019. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5751.

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The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between administrative support and retention of early career special education teachers. Research has shown that there is a shortage of special education teachers; however, teachers leaving the field may be driving the shortages. Based on the work of Schein’s (2003) theory of organizational culture, this study identified how different types of support (i.e., emotional, instructional, technical, and environmental) can influence early career special education teachers’ decision to remain in their current position. Participants, including teachers and administrators from a suburban school division in Virginia, completed a modified version of the Administrative Support Survey. A correlational research design was used to answer research questions comparing support perceived by principals to support received by teachers and support perceived by teachers to support provided by administrators. An analysis of variance (ANOVA), independent samples t-test, and descriptive statistics were conducted. Results revealed that the majority of teachers reported they received support and intended on returning to their position. However, the teachers who reported they were not returning to their position indicated receiving little support from their principals. Further, differences in support were also reported by race, grade level, disability taught, licensing status, and delivery model of instruction. Limitations and implications for practice, policy, and research are reported.

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Neto, Tarcisio Vieira de Carvalho. "O princípio da impessoalidade nas decisões administrativas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2134/tde-01032016-125610/.

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Estuda-se nesta tese o conteúdo jurídico do princípio da impessoalidade, previsto no art. 37, caput, da Constituição Federal de 1988, especificamente para fins de parametrização, controle e responsabilidade das decisões administrativas. Estruturam-se três eixos temáticos: a) noções introdutórias ideias de aproximação necessárias ao contexto e ao conceito do princípio da impessoalidade e do alcance de sua projeção nas decisões administrativas (póspositivismo e neoconstitucionalismo; constitucionalização; julgamento por princípios; relevância dos princípios; interesse público; direito administrativo como sistema; neutralidade política e a questão da justiça); b) impessoalidade no direito administrativo comprovação de que o princípio da impessoalidade ostenta arquétipo aberto para conferir maiores cobertura e proteção aos valores tutelados pelo texto constitucional, com ênfase à organização administrativa impessoal para assegurar um agir naturalmente impessoal (instrumentalização recíproca de princípios constitucionais; antecedentes históricos; direito estrangeiro; doutrina brasileira; impessoalidade na Constituição, nas leis e na jurisprudência; conceito de impessoalidade); c) impessoalidade nas decisões administrativas construção de um conceito de impessoalidade específico para as decisões administrativas, concebido desde a ideia de ponderação e conciliação de todos os interesses legítimos públicos e privados envolvidos em cada caso concreto (conceito e distinção de decisão administrativa impessoal em relação à decisão judicial imparcial; garantias e requisitos para a adoção de decisões impessoais, com destaque para os deveres de fundamentação (motivação), processualização e participação; algumas implicações de decisões impessoais [funcionário de fato; diminuição da discricionariedade; desvio de poder; motivação na dispensa de empregados públicos; responsabilidade civil extracontratual do Estado; necessidade de reconhecimento dos direitos dos administrados; nepotismo e revisitação da reformatio in pejus]; consequências da quebra da impessoalidade nas decisões administrativas [anulação; responsabilização do Estado e responsabilização do servidor] e, finalmente, técnicas para adoção de decisões administrativas impessoais).
This essay intends to analyze the juridical concept of the principle of impersonality, embraced in the article 37 of the Constitution of 1988, in order to establish standards of parameterization, control and liability in the administrative decisions. The essay comprises three main fields of analysis: a) introductory concepts preliminary approach to comprehend the theoretical and the political context in which is developed the scope and the enforcementof the principle of impersonality in the processes that lead to administrative decisions (postpositivism and neoconstitutionalism; the enforcement of principles; public interest; Administrative Law as a system; politic neutrality and the issue of Justice); b) the principle of impersonality within the Administrative Law - analysis of the scope of protection of the principle, aiming to demonstrate that its juridical concept must be considered in a wide open perspective in order to guarantee a strong protection of the constitutional values. In this part, it will be emphasized that the development of a impartial administrative conduct is closely related to the idea of a impartial administrative organization. (historical background; foreign legislation; Brazilian legal doctrine; the principle of the impersonality within the constitutional rules, the specific legislation and the judicial precedents; juridical concept of the principle); c) the enforcement of the principle of impersonality in administrative decisions - In this part it is developed the juridical concept of the principle in the field of the deliberative administrative proceedings. This juridical concept embraces the idea of balancing and conciliating all legitimate interests - public or private - involved in a determined situation that requires a administrative deliberation (distinctions between impersonal and impartial administrative decisions; standards to create a impersonal decision-making; specific implications of impersonal decisions; legal consequences arising from the disregard of the principle of impersonality in administrative decisions; legal techniques that lead to a impersonal administrative decision-making).

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Reid, A. C. A., and n/a. "An examination of overlap in the Australian Federal system of review of administrative decisions : and some suggestions for change." University of Canberra. Management, 1990. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20061107.104025.

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Freckelton, Alan. "The concept of deference in substantive review of administrative decisions in four common law countries." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/43812.

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This thesis examines the concept of “deference” in relation to judicial review of administrative decisions in Canada, and then compares this approach to judicial review to that which exists in the United Kingdom, New Zealand and Australia. Canadian courts have adopted a system of “substantive review” of administrative decisions, at least since 1979 (if not earlier), and will generally show deference to the decision-maker. It is important to note that Canadian courts have interpreted the word “deference” not as subservience (an approach that would make judicial review pointless), but as a form of “respectful attention” to the decision under review. Canadian courts recognise that they do not have a monopoly of wisdom on matters of statutory interpretation, but will step in to set a decision aside when that decision is unreasonable in some sense. Courts in the United Kingdom have recognised at least since 1987 that the classic standard of Wednesbury unreasonableness – that the decision is “so unreasonable that no reasonable person could have made it” – is not suitable for all kinds of administrative decisions, and have moved to a system whereby there is a “variegated standard” of reasonableness on judicial review for matters not covered by the Human Rights Act 1998, and a proportionality approach for those that are. The law in New Zealand is not as clear, because the Supreme Court has yet to squarely approach the issue, but the lower courts certainly appear to be moving in a similar direction. However, Australian courts vehemently deny that they show any deference to administrative decision-makers, and Australian academic commentators are equally insistent that such an approach is legally suspect at best and mere obsequiousness to government at worst. This is despite the fact that Australia has always recognised Wednesbury unreasonableness as a ground of judicial review. This thesis attempts to dispel some of the Australian arguments against a deference approach, particularly in relation to s.75 of the Australian Constitution, and concludes that Australia would be best off adopting a form of substantive review of administrative decisions, similar to that which exists in Canada.

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Books on the topic "Administrative decisions"

1

Law Development Commission of Zimbabwe. Final report: Administrative decisions. [Harare]: The Commission, 1997.

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Law Development Commission of Zimbabwe. Interim report: Review of administrative decisions. [Harare]: The Commission, 1996.

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Amerasinghe, C. F. Index of decisions of international administrative tribunals. 3rd ed. [Washington, D.C.]: World Bank Administrative Tribunal, Office of the Executive Secretary, 1991.

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Law Reform Commission of Western Australia. Report on judicial review of administrative decisions. Perth, Western Australia: Law Reform Commission of Western Australia, 2002.

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1933-, Amerasinghe Chittharanjan Felix, and World Bank. Administrative Tribunal. Office of the Executive Secretary., eds. Index of decisions of international administrative tribunals. 3rd ed. [Washington, D.C.]: World Bank Administrative Tribunal, Office of the Executive Secretary, 1991.

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(Australia), Administrative Review Council. Review of the Administrative Decisions (Judicial Review) Act: Statements of reasons for decisions. Canberra: Australian Government Pub. Service, 1991.

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Recueil des decisions rendues en matière administrative, 1965-2006. [Ouagadougou: Université de Ouagadougou, 2008.

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Lou, Higgerson Mary, ed. The administrative portfolio: A practical guide to improved administrative performance and personnel decisions. Bolton, Mass: Anker Pub. Co., 2002.

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D, Bellinger, and World Bank. Administrative Tribunal. Office of the Executive Secretary., eds. Index of decisions of international administrative tribunals: Including League of Nations Administrative Tribunal ... 2nd ed. [Washington, D.C.]: World Bank Administrative Tribunal, Office of the Executive Secretary, 1985.

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Næsborg-Andersen, Ayo. Human rights in national administrative law: Dissemination of knowledge of human rights through administrative decisions. Copenhagen, Denmark: DJØF Publishing, 2015.

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Book chapters on the topic "Administrative decisions"

1

Oberst, Byron B., and John M. Long. "Administrative Management: Where Decisions Are Made." In Computers in Private Practice Management, 49–57. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4746-3_5.

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Fodor, Elena-Mihaela. "Administrative Powers in Terminating Administrative Single-Case Decisions in Romania." In Regional Law Review, 223–37. Belgrade ; Hungary ; Osijek: Institute of Comparative Law ; University of Pécs Faculty of Law ; Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Faculty of Law, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18485/iup_rlr.2020.ch17.

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Ziekow, Jan. "Administrative Procedures and Processes." In Public Administration in Germany, 163–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53697-8_11.

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AbstractA process-oriented approach sees public administration as an interconnection of information, communications, interactions and decisions. It establishes the process organisation that shows the state ‘in action’ and complements the administrative and personnel side of public administration. While the term administrative processes can be understood as a generic term for this procedural side of the administration, according to the German understanding, procedures are processes with which the administration works towards citizens and companies and in which these face the administration with their own rights. Characteristic of these procedures vis-à-vis persons outside the administration is a high degree of juridification by administrative procedure law. The legal status of the citizen vis-à-vis the administration is very strong in Germany. In recent years, also influenced by New Public Management thought, great efforts have been made to optimise the procedural side of public administration. The chapter presents significant tools and approaches of this process thinking.

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Fitsilis, Fotios. "Administrative and Judicial Decisions on Advanced Algorithms." In SpringerBriefs in Law, 25–53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27979-0_3.

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Hermstrüwer, Yoan. "Artificial Intelligence and Administrative Decisions Under Uncertainty." In Regulating Artificial Intelligence, 199–223. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32361-5_9.

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Wenander, Henrik. "The Recognition of Foreign Administrative Decisions in Sweden." In Recognition of Foreign Administrative Acts, 305–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18974-1_15.

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Mantzari, Despoina. "Judicial Scrutiny of Regulatory Decisions at the UK’s Specialist Competition Appeal Tribunal." In Judicial Review of Administrative Discretion in the Administrative State, 63–80. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6265-307-8_4.

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Chen, Xue, Chaochao Liu, Shan Gao, Pengfei Jiao, Lei Du, and Ning Yuan. "Graph Representation Learning for Assisting Administrative Penalty Decisions." In Mobile Multimedia Communications, 316–25. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-23902-1_24.

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Parisi, Eduardo. "The Judicial Review of Administrative Decisions with Environmental Consequences." In Natural Resource Management and Policy, 349–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87564-0_19.

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De Paola, Maria, Roberto Nisticò, and Vincenzo Scoppa. "Academic Careers and Fertility Decisions." In Teaching, Research and Academic Careers, 135–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-07438-7_6.

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AbstractWe investigate how academic promotions affect the propensity of women to have a child. We use administrative data on the universe of female assistant professors employed in Italian universities from 2001 to 2018. We estimate a model with individual fixed effects and find that promotion to associate professor increases the probability of having a child by 0.6 percentage points, which translates into an increase by 12.5% of the mean. This result is robust to employing a Regression Discontinuity Design in which we exploit the eligibility requirements in terms of research productivity introduced since 2012 by the Italian National Scientific Qualification (NSQ) as an instrument for qualification (and therefore promotion) to associate professor. Our finding provides important policy implications in that reducing uncertainty on career prospects may lead to an increase in fertility.

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Conference papers on the topic "Administrative decisions"

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Mantilla Duarte, Carlos Alfonso. "Data Culture: A Statistics Approach in Administrative Decision-Making." In Bridging the Gap: Empowering and Educating Today’s Learners in Statistics. International Association for Statistical Education, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/iase.icots11.t5d1.

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In Colombia, public higher education institutions show an organizational structure that allows them, under the concept of university autonomy, to make serious decisions at various administrative levels. This paper presents the results of an administrative-level pilot that consisted of training a group of officials from a public higher education institution (Industrial University of Santander) in statistical measurement techniques and data modeling to determine if it is possible to observe changes in collective behavior in the use of data and decision-making after intensive statistical training. Results show that it is possible to observe positive collective behaviors in the use of data in decision-making, and uninformed decisions are presented, in their entirety, in the group of officials who did not receive statistical training.

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Abdullah, Yahya. "Judicial oversight of applications submitted to the administration is a reason for its development." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF DEFICIENCIES AND INFLATION ASPECTS IN LEGISLATION. University of Human Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/uhdicdial.pp191-212.

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"The administration performs a great task in the life of modern societies, through its intervention to satisfy public needs through the establishment and management of public utilities that aim to achieve the public interest and respond to the requirements and necessities of daily life, as well as protecting public order, and regulating the relationship between them and individuals with constitutional and legal texts, as well as The organizational rules that lay down the general framework for public liberties and individual rights, all to prevent them from practicing any activity outside the framework of legality. Originally, the administration is not obligated to issue its decisions in a specific form, as it is free to choose the external form of these decisions, unless the law requires it otherwise. This requires that the decision be embodied in an external form in order for individuals to know the will of the administration and to adjust their behavior according to its requirements. However, the implementation of this rule on its launch, may negatively affect the rights of individuals, because the administration may sometimes deliberately remain silent about deciding the requests submitted to it, or it may neglect at other times to respond to these requests. Existence of apparent decisions in an external legal form, meaning that the matter remains in the hands of the administration, if it wants it will respond to the requests of individuals, and if it wants to be silent, which constitutes a waste of their rights, a violation of the principle of equality, and confiscation of the right to litigation guaranteed by the constitution, it requires protection of individuals from the inconvenience of the administration And the abuse of their rights, and put an end to the neglect of employees and their indifference to the requests or grievances submitted to them, in addition to the fact that the requirements of the public interest require that the administrative staff exercise the powers entrusted to them by law at the present time. ( ) For these justifications, the legislator intervened in many countries, including France, Egypt, Lebanon and Iraq, to suppose that the administration had announced its will, even if it remained silent or silent about deciding on the request presented to it, and this resulted in an implicit administrative decision of rejection or approval. As a result of the large number of state intervention in the economic and social fields in recent times, it has led to the multiplicity and diversity of state agencies and institutions, and the public administration often does not provide its services to individuals except at the request of individuals. Therefore, it may be difficult for individuals to identify a competent administrative authority to submit their request to. to get those services. He makes a mistake and submits it to a non-competent administrative body. When this authority is silent and does not transfer the request to its competent authority, and the legal period granted to the administration to respond to their requests has passed, individuals resort to the judiciary, and submitting the request to the non-competent authority prevents the judiciary from accepting their claim, which wastes their rights and thus harms them. Therefore, the administrative judiciary in many countries has extended its control over this case to consider the application submitted to a non-competent administrative body as if it was submitted to its competent authority, given that the state is a single public legal person. Accordingly, the request submitted to any party starts from the legal period available to the administration to meet the requests of individuals and in its absence the implicit administrative decision of rejection or acceptance arises. Accordingly, we will study the jurisprudence of the French, Lebanese, Egyptian and Iraqi judiciary in this study. The importance of the study lies in the implications of the subject of requests submitted to the administration, the delay in their completion, the silence of the administration, and the consequent effects and exposure to the rights of individuals. And that it will show how to confront this silence, neglect and intransigence of the administration. The idea of implicit administrative decisions, resulting from the administration’s silence on the requests submitted to it, is an effective means, which makes the administration more positive and enables individuals to confront the administration’s silence, and prevents its intransigence, arbitrariness or neglect. The problem of the research is that can silence be an expression of the will? How do individuals protect themselves from the actions of the administration, and who guarantees its non-bias, arbitrariness and deviation? Does submitting the application to a non-competent body protect the rights of individuals? ? And the extent of judicial oversight on the authority of the administration.? And the extent of the compatibility and divergence of the positions of the administrative judiciary in France, Lebanon, Egypt and Iraq regarding this.? From the above in explaining the importance of the study and its problem, we can deduce the scope of the study, which is the study of judicial control over the requests submitted to the administration by taking an overview of the nature of the requests, their types and distinguishing them from others, and the position of each of the legislation, the judiciary and jurisprudence from it. The research consists of two sections, the first deals with the nature of the request and what is related to it, and the second is judicial control over the applications submitted to the administration, as follows"

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Askarany, Davood, and Malcolm Smith. "Contextual Factors and Administrative Changes." In InSITE 2004: Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/2817.

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This paper explores the impact of a variety of contextual factors on the diffusion of six administrative innovations. The paper explores the level importance of 13 contextual factors on decisions^) to implement (or not) administrative changes. It also examines the level of association between contextual factors and the diffusion of six administrative innovations, finding that the several contextual factors contribute significantly to the incidence of administrative change.

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Özkan, Gürsel. "Administrative Sanction Decisions, the More Favorable Law Application and Trust on Judiciary." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c12.02371.

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In terms of administrative sanctions, application of the more favorable law means that when the law in force the time an act was committed and a law subsequently brought into force is different, the law which is more favorable should be applied. EHRC states that applying more stringent punishment to an offender on the grounds that more stringent punishment was in force when the time criminal offence was committed. Misdemeanors have been considered within the scope of criminal law by the Constitutional Court and the Constitutional Court accepts that the principle of the application of the more favorable law should be applied to misdemeanors. Danıştay (the Turkish Council of State) decides that “it should be take into account in terms of administrative sanctions, when a law which is the ground of punishment is set aside or more favorable law is brought into force”. Since administrative acts are reviewed during annulment cases, a law brought into force after an administrative act cannot affect the act retrospect. A law which is enters into force after an administrative act established, could set up a rule which has retrospective affect only if the rule clearly is an amnesty. After an administrative fine is imposed, applying criminal law principals to administrative law and administrative sanctions, in other words, rendering decision of annulment on the ground of the principle of the more favorable law betrays the trust on judicial bodies and law.

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Trofimov, Egor V., Oleg G. Metsker, Pavel P. Kashlikov, and David D. Paskoshev. "Interdisciplinary methodology for automated analysis and evaluation of optimization of administrative legislation and court decisions in administrative cases." In АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОСТИ И ПУБЛИЧНОГО ПРАВА. Санкт-Петербург: Всероссийский государственный университет юстиции, Санкт-петербургский институт, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47645/9785604755181_155.

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Mateeva, Zhivka. "JUDICIAL CONTROL OF DECISIONS AND REFUSALS TO GRANT ACCESS TO PUBLIC INFORMATION." In 15 YEARS OF ADMINISTRATIVE JUSTICE IN BULGARIA - PROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES. University publishing house "Science and Economics", University of Economics - Varna, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36997/ppdd2022.140.

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The right to appeal against decisions and refusals to grant access to public information in court is the only effective means of protecting citizens provided for in the Access to Public Information Act (APIA). The purpose of this presentation is to analyze the right to judicial protection against decisions and refusals to grant access to public information by clarifying the court proceedings before the relevant administrative court, emphasizing its importance regarding the application of the legislation on access to information.

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Antamoshkin, Oleslav. "INTELLECTUAL SUPPORT SYSTEM OF ADMINISTRATIVE DECISIONS IN THE BIG DISTRIBUTED GEOINFORMATION SYSTEMS." In 14th SGEM GeoConference on INFORMATICS, GEOINFORMATICS AND REMOTE SENSING. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2014/b21/s7.029.

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Bazhenov, O. "Administrative Decisions Rationale To Environmental Conditions Creation For Norilsk Metallurgical Cluster Development." In International Conference on Finance, Entrepreneurship and Technologies in Digital Economy. European Publisher, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2021.03.22.

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Wibawanti, Erna Sri, Takariadinda Diana Etika, and Ahmad Prakarsa Surya Sanjaya. "Juridical Review of Land Dispute Decisions in the Administrative Court of Yogyakarta." In International Conference on Applied Science, Engineering and Social Science. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0009879001010108.

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Al-Saadi, Mohanad Raheem Salim. "FINANCIAL ANALYSIS AS A TOOL FOR INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF MANAGEMENT DECISIONS IN COMMERCIAL BANKS." In ECONOMICS AND ADMINISTRATIVE QUESTIONS: THE CURRENT STATE OF TOPICAL ISSUES. Internauka, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32743/25878638.2021.2.42.249089.

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Reports on the topic "Administrative decisions"

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Lewis, Dustin, Naz Modirzadeh, and Gabriella Blum. War-Algorithm Accountability. Harvard Law School Program on International Law and Armed Conflict, August 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.54813/fltl8789.

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In War-Algorithm Accountability (August 2016), we introduce a new concept—war algorithms—that elevates algorithmically-derived “choices” and “decisions” to a, and perhaps the, central concern regarding technical autonomy in war. We thereby aim to shed light on and recast the discussion regarding “autonomous weapon systems” (AWS). We define “war algorithm” as any algorithm that is expressed in computer code, that is effectuated through a constructed system, and that is capable of operating in relation to armed conflict. In introducing this concept, our foundational technological concern is the capability of a constructed system, without further human intervention, to help make and effectuate a “decision” or “choice” of a war algorithm. Distilled, the two core ingredients are an algorithm expressed in computer code and a suitably capable constructed system. Through that lens, we link international law and related accountability architectures to relevant technologies. We sketch a three-part (non-exhaustive) approach that highlights traditional and unconventional accountability avenues. We focus largely on international law because it is the only normative regime that purports—in key respects but with important caveats—to be both universal and uniform. In this way, international law is different from the myriad domestic legal systems, administrative rules, or industry codes that govern the development and use of technology in all other spheres. By not limiting our inquiry only to weapon systems, we take an expansive view, showing how the broad concept of war algorithms might be susceptible to regulation—and how those algorithms might already fit within the existing regulatory system established by international law.

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Santoro, Fabrizio, and Ronald Waiswa. Small Nets for Big Fish? Tax Enforcement on the Richest – Evidence from Uganda. Institute of Development Studies, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2022.009.

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ppropriately taxing the richest is a priority for every government, even more so in Africa, where higher revenue mobilisation is needed to fund growth. In Uganda, the revenue authority launched a specific unit to monitor the tax affairs of the richest individuals. Thanks to a close collaboration with the Uganda Revenue Authority (URA), we evaluate the impact of such policy on a range of tax filing and payment outcomes of targeted taxpayers, as gathered from a wealth of administrative data. We show that the policy only has been partially successful. While it increased the probability of filing, especially by politically relevant taxpayers, it produced a seemingly small response in which treated taxpayers would declare less on different margins, with the end result of not declaring more tax liabilities. On the tax payment side, only a small yet significant impact on tax collected is measured. In parallel, we show a strong compensating response across tax heads. Importantly, we also measure the spillover effect on companies associated with the richest taxpayers, again documenting complex compensating reactions. We inform future policymaking decisions, suggesting a higher simultaneous focus on different tax heads and a more holistic approach to monitoring both individual and corporate tax accounts.

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Anderson, Richard. The effect of administrative mandate on social workers' clinical decision making. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.2742.

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Lewis, Dustin, Radhika Kapoor, and Naz Modirzadeh. Advancing Humanitarian Commitments in Connection with Countering Terrorism: Exploring a Foundational Reframing concerning the Security Council. Harvard Law School Program on International Law and Armed Conflict, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54813/uzav2714.

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The imperative to provide humanitarian and medical services on an urgent basis in armed conflicts is anchored in moral tenets, shared values, and international rules. States spend tens of billions of dollars each year to help implement humanitarian programs in conflicts across the world. Yet, in practice, counterterrorism objectives increasingly prevail over humanitarian concerns, often resulting in devastating effects for civilian populations in need of aid and protection in war. Not least, confusion and misapprehensions about the power and authority of States relative to the United Nations Security Council to set policy preferences and configure legal obligations contribute significantly to this trajectory. In this guide for States, we present a framework to reconfigure relations between these core commitments by assessing the counterterrorism architecture through the lens of impartial humanitarianism. We aim in particular to provide an evidence base and analytical frame for States to better grasp key legal and policy issues related to upholding respect for principled humanitarian action in connection with carrying out the Security Council’s counterterrorism decisions. We do so because the lack of knowledge regarding interpretation and implementation of counterterrorism resolutions matters for the coherence, integrity, and comprehensiveness of humanitarian policymaking and protection of the humanitarian imperative. In addition to analyzing foundational concerns and evaluating discernible behaviors and attitudes, we identify avenues that States may take to help achieve pro-humanitarian objectives. We also endeavor to help disseminate indications of, and catalyze, States’ legally relevant positions and practices on these issues. In section 1, we introduce the guide’s impetus, objectives, target audience, and structure. We also describe the methods that we relied on and articulate definitions for key terms. In section 2, we introduce key legal actors, sources of law, and the notion of international legal responsibility, as well as the relations between international and national law. Notably, Security Council resolutions require incorporation into national law in order to become effective and enforceable by internal administrative and judicial authorities. In section 3, we explain international legal rules relevant to advancing the humanitarian imperative and upholding respect for principled humanitarian action, and we sketch the corresponding roles of humanitarian policies, programs, and donor practices. International humanitarian law (IHL) seeks to ensure — for people who are not, or are no longer, actively participating in hostilities and whose needs are unmet — certain essential supplies, as well as medical care and attention for the wounded and sick. States have also developed and implemented a range of humanitarian policy frameworks to administer principled humanitarian action effectively. Further, States may rely on a number of channels to hold other international actors to account for safeguarding the humanitarian imperative. In section 4, we set out key theoretical and doctrinal elements related to accepting and carrying out the Security Council’s decisions. Decisions of the Security Council may contain (binding) obligations, (non-binding) recommendations, or a combination of the two. UN members are obliged to carry out the Council’s decisions. Member States retain considerable interpretive latitude to implement counterterrorism resolutions. With respect to advancing the humanitarian imperative, we argue that IHL should represent a legal floor for interpreting the Security Council’s decisions and recommendations. In section 5, we describe relevant conduct of the Security Council and States. Under the Resolution 1267 (1999), Resolution 1989 (2011), and Resolution 2253 (2015) line of resolutions, the Security Council has established targeted sanctions as counterterrorism measures. Under the Resolution 1373 (2001) line of resolutions, the Security Council has adopted quasi-“legislative” requirements for how States must counter terrorism in their national systems. Implementation of these sets of resolutions may adversely affect principled humanitarian action in several ways. Meanwhile, for its part, the Security Council has sought to restrict the margin of appreciation of States to determine how to implement these decisions. Yet international law does not demand that these resolutions be interpreted and implemented at the national level by elevating security rationales over policy preferences for principled humanitarian action. Indeed, not least where other fields of international law, such as IHL, may be implicated, States retain significant discretion to interpret and implement these counterterrorism decisions in a manner that advances the humanitarian imperative. States have espoused a range of views on the intersections between safeguarding principled humanitarian action and countering terrorism. Some voice robust support for such action in relation to counterterrorism contexts. A handful call for a “balancing” of the concerns. And some frame respect for the humanitarian imperative in terms of not contradicting counterterrorism objectives. In terms of measures, we identify five categories of potentially relevant national counterterrorism approaches: measures to prevent and suppress support to the people and entities involved in terrorist acts; actions to implement targeted sanctions; measures to prevent and suppress the financing of terrorism; measures to prohibit or restrict terrorism-related travel; and measures that criminalize or impede medical care. Further, through a number of “control dials” that we detect, States calibrate the functional relations between respect for principled humanitarian action and countering terrorism. The bulk of the identified counterterrorism measures and related “control dials” suggests that, to date, States have by and large not prioritized advancing respect for the humanitarian imperative at the national level. Finally, in section 6, we conclude by enumerating core questions that a State may answer to help formulate and instantiate its values, policy commitments, and legal positions to secure respect for principled humanitarian action in relation to counterterrorism contexts.

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Rusk, Todd, Ryan Siegel, Linda Larsen, Tim Lindsey, and Brian Deal. Technical and Financial Feasibility Study for Installation of Solar Panels at IDOT-owned Facilities. Illinois Center for Transportation, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-024.

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The Smart Energy Design Assistance Center assessed the administrative, technical, and economic aspects of feasibility related to the procurement and installation of photovoltaic solar systems on IDOT-owned buildings and lands. To address administrative feasibility, we explored three main ways in which IDOT could procure solar projects: power purchase agreement (PPA), direct purchase, and land lease development. Of the three methods, PPA and direct purchase are most applicable for IDOT. While solar development is not free of obstacles for IDOT, it is administratively feasible, and regulatory hurdles can be adequately met given suitable planning and implementation. To evaluate IDOT assets for solar feasibility, more than 1,000 IDOT sites were screened and narrowed using spatial analytic tools. A stakeholder feedback process was used to select five case study sites that allowed for a range of solar development types, from large utility-scale projects to small rooftop systems. To evaluate financial feasibility, discussions with developers and datapoints from the literature were used to create financial models. A large solar project request by IDOT can be expected to generate considerable attention from developers and potentially attractive PPA pricing that would generate immediate cash flow savings for IDOT. Procurement partnerships with other state agencies will create opportunities for even larger projects with better pricing. However, in the near term, it may be difficult for IDOT to identify small rooftop or other small on-site solar projects that are financially feasible. This project identified two especially promising solar sites so that IDOT can evaluate other solar site development opportunities in the future. This project also developed a web-based decision-support tool so IDOT can identify potential sites and develop preliminary indications of feasibility. We recommend that IDOT begin the process of developing at least one of their large sites to support solar electric power generation.

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Peixoto Gomes, Larissa, James Downe, and Manon Roberts. Reform of electoral law and practice. Wales Centre for Public Policy - Cardiff University, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54454/20220325.

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The WCPP was asked to research how changes in electoral administration have affected turnout internationally, to inform Welsh Government decisions in this area and suggest possible areas of improvement. There were four areas of focus: Candidate and agent safety Innovative electoral practice Campaign finances and spending Early voting The role of electoral management bodies was also analysed.

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Autor, David, Nicole Maestas, Kathleen Mullen, and Alexander Strand. Does Delay Cause Decay? The Effect of Administrative Decision Time on the Labor Force Participation and Earnings of Disability Applicants. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, January 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w20840.

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Colorado, Andrés Camilo, and Antonio Boada. Caso de enseñanza: ¿Innovamos o seguimos un trending? Institución Universitaria CEIPA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.16967/casoensenanza.2022.01.

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El presente caso de enseñanza ofrece al lector una herramienta pedagógica que le permita potenciar la enseñanza de las áreas de Matemáticas Financieras y Evaluación de Proyectos, a través de la presentación de una situación problemática que motive al estudiante de pregrado y posgrado a realizar una valoración financiera de proyectos, tomando en consideración el contexto y las realidades del entorno, y también les propicie desarrollar argumentos para una eficiente toma de decisiones dentro del ámbito administrativo.

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García Tamayo, José Arbey, and Sandra Yaninna López. Pautas para un plan estratégico en una empresa del sector de servicios. Ediciones Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.16925/gcnc.36.

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La realización de este estudio de caso en referencia a una compañía del sector de servicios permite analizar diferentes situaciones problemáticas desde el punto de vista administrativo, las cuales tienen a su vez efectos en todas las áreas de la organización, particularmente en la contable y financiera. Se cuenta con la particularidad de que algunas empresas pequeñas presentan escenarios donde no están diseñadas ni establecidas las funciones de cada uno de los empleados, teniendo como consecuencia el no progreso de las directrices para el desarrollo de sus planes estratégicos para la misma organización en un determinado lapso de tiempo (corto, mediano y largo plazo). Surge entonces la importancia de tener una planeación adecuada en cada uno de los procesos administrativos que permita la orientación del rumbo de la organización. Entre estos procesos, se deben plantear y diseñar objetivos que permitan visualizar el horizonte que genere el direccionamiento basado tanto en la misión como la visión del ente económico. En síntesis, el desarrollo adecuado de un plan estratégico no solo permite trabajar todos hacia un mismo objetivo, sino que se genera la calidad de los servicios prestados, además de que se genera la capacidad de innovación, el desarrollo de la creatividad, un excelente liderazgo, una muy buena comunicación, entre otros. Estos argumentos permiten al estudiante (o lector interesado) analizar e interpretar situaciones problemáticas, así como desarrollar una postura crítica en la identificación de soluciones y la toma de decisiones.

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Leierer, Stephen J., Gary W. Peterson, Robert C. Reardon, and Debra S. Osborn. The Career State Inventory (CSI) as a Measure of the Career Decision State and Readiness for Career Decision Making: A Manual for Assessment, Administration, and Intervention (Second Edition). Florida State University Libraries, April 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33009/fsu.1587411085.

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