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Journal articles on the topic 'Adjuvant 5-Fluorouracil'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 11 March 2023

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1

Nimeiri, Halla Sayed, Yang Feng, Paul J. Catalano, Neal J. Meropol, Bruce J. Giantonio, Elin R. Sigurdson, James A. Martenson, et al. "Intergroup randomized phase III study of postoperative irinotecan, 5-fluorouracil, and leucovorin versus oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil, and leucovorin versus 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin for patients with stage II or III rectal cancer receiving either preoperative radiation and 5-fluorouracil or postoperative radiation and 5-fluorouracil: ECOG E3201—An updated survival analysis." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2013): e14711-e14711. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.e14711.

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e14711 Background: Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy has been historically limited to single agent 5FU in stage II/III rectal cancer pts. This phase III trial evaluated differences between pts treated with adjuvant FOLFOX versus FOLFIRI versus FU alone in stage II/III rectal cancer. Methods: Eligibility: resectable (T3-4 N0,Tany N1-3) adenocarcinoma rectum ≤12cm from anal verge. Pts had the option to receive FU with pre or postoperative XRT (50.4Gy). Preoperative FU/XRT pts were randomized to adjuvant FOLFIRI (arm A), FOLFOX (arm B), FU/LV(arm C). Postoperative FU/XRT pts were randomized to adjuvant FOLFIRI (arm D), FOLFOX (arm E), FU/LV (arm F). Pts received 8 cycles. Overall survival (OS) was the primary endpoint. Secondary endpoints included toxicity, sphincter preservation and patterns of failure. Results: 225pts out of planned 3150 were enrolled (10/03 to 10/05). Data Monitoring Committee closed E3201 when the GI Intergroup developed an alternative trial with bevacizumab (E5204). 179 pts were randomized; (A:28, B:25, C:30, D:31, E:33, F:32). There was increased grade 3/4 toxicity, mainly diarrhea,in postoperative FU/XRT arms (D:39%), (E:28%), (F:48%). Twenty-two (12%) pts did not receive adjuvant therapy. At a median follow up of 7.4yrs, the five-year recurrence free rate was 69%. Median OS was 8.3 yrs. There was no statistical difference in OS between all randomized groups. Five-year OS in arms (A:B:C:D:E:F) were (73%, 83%, 83%, 73%, 78%, 73%) respectively. Conclusions: FOLFOX can be safely administered to rectal cancer pts following chemo radiation. Given limitations of early trial closure and small sample size, there was no difference in OS between pts who received FU alone, oxaliplatin based or irinotecan based adjuvant therapy. Clinical trial information: NCT00068692.

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2

Asaria, Riaz Hassan Yusuf, Chee Hing Kon, Catey Bunce, David G. Charteris, David Wong, Peng Tee Khaw, and George William Aylward. "Adjuvant 5-fluorouracil and heparin prevents proliferative vitreoretinopathy." Ophthalmology 108, no. 7 (July 2001): 1179–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0161-6420(01)00589-9.

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3

Amonkar, Sunil J., Henry J. Cain, Tracey Hughes, J. Diane Hemming, and David A. Browell. "Adjuvant 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Colitis Necessitating Completion Colectomy." Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer 42, no. 4 (January 6, 2011): 275–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12029-010-9241-1.

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4

Hill, GeorgeJ, L. Peter Fielding, Rosemary Hittinger, RogerH Grace, and JohnS Fry. "Adjuvant treatment with 5-fluorouracil for colorectal cancer." Lancet 340, no. 8831 (November 1992): 1349–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(92)92530-s.

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5

Kizilbash, Sani Haider, Kevin Ward, Ishmael A. Jaiyesimi, and Joseph Lipscomb. "Survival outcomes in patients with early-stage, resectable pancreatic cancer: A comparison of gemcitabine and 5-fluorouracil based chemotherapy and chemoradiation regimens." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2012): e14608-e14608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.e14608.

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e14608 Background: Beyond curative surgery, the optimal treatment for early stage pancreatic cancer is still a matter of debate. We conducted a comparative survival analysis between patients with resectable pancreatic cancer who received adjuvant treatment with either gemcitabine or 5-fluorouracil based chemotherapy and chemoradiation regimens. Methods: The Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER)-Medicare database was used to identify patients with pancreatic cancer diagnosed from 1998 to 2005 who received curative surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy with either 5-fluorouracil or gemcitabine. These groups were subdivided by treatment with radiotherapy. Patients were followed until death, study endpoint or a maximum of five years after diagnosis. Results: 359 patients received 5-fluorouracil and 346 received gemcitabine. Compared to chemoradiation with 5-fluorouracil, outcomes for patients who received chemoradiation with gemcitabine did not differ. Patients who received gemcitabine without radiation had increased hazards (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.50 for high grade tumors (HGT), HR = 1.32 for low grade tumors (LGT)). However, outcomes of patients who received 5-fluorouracil without radiation varied with tumor grade. In LGT, patients had better outcomes with 5-fluorouracil when compared with chemoradiation with 5-fluorouracil (HR = 0.43). In HGT, the opposite was true (HR 2.10). Conclusions: Patients with low grade resectable pancreatic cancer may have better outcomes with 5-fluorouracil based chemotherapy without radiation when compared to 5-fluorouracil with radiation.

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6

Kelder, Wendy, Geke A. P. Hospers, and John T. M. Plukker. "Effects of 5-fluorouracil adjuvant treatment of colon cancer." Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy 6, no. 5 (May 2006): 785–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/14737140.6.5.785.

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7

Vaillant, Jean-Christophe, Bernard Nordlinger, Sylvie Deuffic, Jean-Pierre Arnaud, Edouard Pelissier, Jean-Pierre Favre, Daniel Jaeck, et al. "Adjuvant Intraperitoneal 5-Fluorouracil in High-Risk Colon Cancer." Annals of Surgery 231, no. 4 (April 2000): 449–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000658-200004000-00001.

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8

Merendino, R. A., A. Ruello, S. Cascinu, B. Ferlazzo, A. Bene, D. Bonanno, P. Quattrocchi, N. Caristi, and S. Gangemi. "Influence of 5-Fluorouracil and Folinic Acid on Interleukin-18 Production in Colorectal Cancer Patients." International Journal of Biological Markers 17, no. 1 (January 2002): 63–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/172460080201700108.

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Aims and Background This study was carried out to evaluate the IL-18 blood concentrations of operated colorectal cancer patients and their possible variation in response to combination chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and folinic acid. Methods IL-18 levels were assayed in sera of 18 healthy donors and 18 surgical colorectal cancer patients before and after adjuvant chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil and folinic acid. An ELISA kit for human IL-18 was used for the assay. Results Colorectal cancer patients showed significantly higher baseline levels of IL-18 than healthy donors (p<0.005). Furthermore, serum IL-18 levels increased significantly with respect to baseline in patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy (p<0.005). Conclusions This study suggests that treatment with 5-fluorouracil and folinic acid may provoke an increase in IL-18 serum levels in colorectal cancer patients. This increase may help to explain the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy with 5-FU in colorectal cancer.

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9

Dencausse, Y., G. Hartung, J. Sturm, A. Kopp-Schneider, E. Hagmüller, C. Wojatschek, H. Lindemann, D. Fritze, and W. Queisser. "Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Stage III Colon Cancer with 5-Fluorouracil and Levamisole versus 5-Fluorouracil and Leucovorin." Oncology Research and Treatment 25, no. 5 (2002): 426–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000067436.

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10

Bertuccelli, Maurizio, Francesco Cartei, Alfredo Falcone, Salvatrice Campoccia, Aldo Sainato, Francesco Ducci, Stefano Moda, et al. "Postoperative Adjuvant Chemoradiotherapy for Rectal Cancer: Analysis of Acute and Chronic Toxicity." Tumori Journal 83, no. 2 (March 1997): 599–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030089169708300224.

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Aims and background The aim of the study was to evaluate acute and chronic toxicity of combined postoperative standard radiation therapy to the pelvis and 5-fluorouracil plus levamisole in resectable rectal cancer. Methods Between July 1990 and September 1993, 58 patients with histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the rectum entered the prospective study. The schedule consisted of 5-fluorouracil, 450 mg/m2 i.v. for 5 days, and from day 28 5-fluorouracil, 450 mg/m2 i.v. weekly for 24 weeks, plus levamisole given orally at the dose of 150 mg every day for 3 days every 2 weeks for 6 months; radiotherapy (180 cGy/day) 5 days a week for a total dose of 45 Gy was administered from day 28. Results After the first cycle of chemotherapy (before radiotherapy), overall toxicity was mild. During chemoradiotherapy, dose-limiting toxicity was grade 3 diarrhea and proctitis, for which the combined treatment was interrupted for more than 7 cumulative days in 28 patients. During the 24 weeks of weekly 5-fluorouracil (after radiotherapy), no severe toxicity was reported. Three-year survival and progression-free survival were 65% and 50–55%, respectively. Conclusions Although adjuvant chemoradiotherapy is usually feasible, in our study toxicity was severe in a substantial proportion of patients, probably due to the schedule applied. We are evaluating the feasibility and toxicity of a combined treatment which includes 5-fluorouracil in continuous chronomodulated infusion during radiotherapy.

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11

Chao, Michael WT, David Byram, Richard Bell, Rodney Bond, Steven Vaughan, Roger McLennan, Michael Lim-Joon, Morikatsu Wada, and David Joseph. "Postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy and 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy for rectal carcinoma." Australasian Radiology 42, no. 1 (February 1998): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1673.1998.tb00564.x.

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12

Batey, M. A., J. G. Wright, A. Azzabi, D. R. Newell, M. J. Lind, A. H. Calvert, and A. V. Boddy. "Population pharmacokinetics of adjuvant cyclophosphamide, methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil (CMF)." European Journal of Cancer 38, no. 8 (May 2002): 1081–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0959-8049(02)00024-2.

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13

Sanoff, Hanna K., William R. Carpenter, Janet Freburger, Ling Li, Kun Chen, Leah L. Zullig, Richard M. Goldberg, Maria J. Schymura, and Deborah Schrag. "Comparison of adverse events during 5-fluorouracil versus 5-fluorouracil/oxaliplatin adjuvant chemotherapy for stage III colon cancer." Cancer 118, no. 17 (January 31, 2012): 4309–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncr.27422.

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14

Stabuc, Borut. "Systemic therapy for colorectal cancer." Archive of Oncology 11, no. 4 (2003): 255–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/aoo0304255s.

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Colorectal cancer alone accounts for around 200,000 deaths in Europe and represents a significant health problem. Although about fifty percent of patients are cured by surgery alone, the other half will eventually die due to metastatic disease, which includes approximately 25% of patients who have evidence of metastases at the time of diagnosis. Surgical resection of the primary tumor and regional lymph nodes is the only curative therapy for colorectal cancer. However, adjuvant chemotherapy in stage III for colon cancer following curative resection has been shown to reduce the risk of recurrence by 19-40% and of death by 16-33%. Today, 5-fluoroUracil and Leucovorin given for six months may represent the best adjuvant treatment available The contribution of levamisole to adjuvant treatment seems to be marginal, if any. The benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy for the patients with Dukes B colon cancer is less clear. A meta-analysis of 1,381 patients with advanced colorectal cancer showed a significant increase in response rate with the bolus 5-fluoroUracil and Leucovorin versus 5-fluoroUracil alone but no significant difference in median survival. Continuous infusion allows higher doses of 5-FU than rapid bolus infusion and improves response rate survival and time to progression. Oral fluoropyrimidines (capecitabine and Uracil/Tegafur [UFT]) are as active as intravenous fluoropyrimidines. Compared to intravenous 5FU, oral fluoropyrimidines have safety advantages clinical benefits, and are more convenient for patients. Phase III randomized clinical trials in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer demonstrate the significant superiority of combining irinotecan with 5-fluoroUracil and Leucovorin or oxaliplatin with 5-fluoroUracil and Leucovorin over the same 5-fluoroUracil and Leucovorin alone. Several phase II studies have shown that the combination of the oral fluoropyrimidines plus irinotecan or oxaliplatin is very active in metastatic colorectal cancer. Trials with agents acting on novel targets in colorectal cancer are progressing rapidly, including doxifluridine, new inhibitors of thymidylate synthase (ZD9331), oral camptothecins (Rubitecan), multitarget antifolate antimetabolite (Premetrexet), inhibitors of epidermal growth factor receptor (Cetuximab), COX-2 inhibitors (celecoxib) and farnesyltransferaze inhibitors (Zarnestra). However, a few randomized trials failed to show a survival advantage compared with placebo in patients with advanced refractory colorectal cancer.

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15

She, Poh Fong, Khairidzan Mohd Kamal, Akmal Haliza Zamli, Norra Harun, and Safinaz Mohd Khialdin. "Chemo-adjuvant therapy in recurrent conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia." Malaysian Journal of Ophthalmology 2, no. 3 (September 28, 2020): 232–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.35119/myjo.v2i3.106.

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A 68-year-old Malay male with no known medical illness presented with progressive growth of right conjunctival mass over a few months. Anterior segment examination of the right eye showed an inferior perilimbal elevated gelatinous conjunctival mass measuring 6 mm vertically x 14 mm horizontally with 360° corneal vascularisation. Excision biopsy and histopathological examination revealed areas of dysplastic cells involving the full epithelial thickness, suggestive of conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia. The patient defaulted follow-up and presented later with recurrence involving the superior two-thirds of the cornea. Pulsed dosing of topical 5-fluorouracil 1% was initiated 4 times daily for a week with 21-day breaks for a total of 4 cycles. Regression of the lesion was noted after two cycles of 5-fluorouracil.

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16

Deng, Ke, Haitao Xiao, Xiaoxue Liu, Rei Ogawa, Xuewen Xu, and Yong Liu. "Strontium-90 brachytherapy following intralesional triamcinolone and 5-fluorouracil injections for keloid treatment: A randomized controlled trial." PLOS ONE 16, no. 3 (March 23, 2021): e0248799. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248799.

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Background Keloid disease is hard to fully eradicate. Recurrence and other unsatisfactory results were found in many patients. No current therapeutic modality has been determined to be most effective for treating keloid scars. Intralesional corticosteroid injections is most commonly recommended for primary management of small and young keloids as well as hypertrophic scars. However, it’s difficult for patients to adhere to long-term triamcinolone acetonide injection therapy because of the pain, inconvenience or complications including hormonal imbalance or irregular menstruation. Objective We aimed to determine whether and how Strontium-90 brachytherapy as an adjuvant radiation could affect keloid recurrence after intralesional triamcinolone and 5-fluorouracil injections. Methods We included keloid patients from March 2019 to September 2019 and randomly allocated them to two groups after 3 intralesional triamcinolone and 5-fluorouracil injections at 3 weeks interval. The experimental group received Strontium-90 brachytherapy at a total dose of 15-20Gy, while the control group didn’t receive any adjuvant treatment. We performed both Vancouver Scar Scale scoring and Color Doppler ultrasound examination to monitor and evaluate lesions regularly. A one-year follow-up was completed for each patient. Results 31 patients who had 42 keloids in total were recruited. We found intralesional triamcinolone and 5-fluorouracil injections could effectively reduce the thickness and modify the hardness of small and young keloids. Strontium-90 brachytherapy reduced the one-year recurrence rate from 85.7 percent to 44.4 percent after 3 intralesional triamcinolone and 5-fluorouracil injections. The lesions’ thickness or elasticity was not affected by Strontium-90 brachytherapy. Conclusion Strontium-90 brachytherapy as an adjuvant radiation could effectively reduce small sized keloids recurrence after intralesional triamcinolone and 5-fluorouracil injections. It worked by enhancing the lesions’ stability post-injection. Trial registration The clinical trial registration number: ChiCTR2000030141. Name of trial registry: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (http://www.chictr.org.cn/)

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17

Gwak, Geumhee, Kyeongmee Park, Eunah Shin, Sehwan Han, Ji-Young Kim, Hongyong Kim, Young Duk Kim, et al. "Comparison of CVF (Cyclophosphamide+Vinorelbine+5-Fluorouracil) and CMF (Cyclophosphamide+Methotrexate+5-Fluorouracil) Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Early Breast Cancer." Journal of Breast Cancer 14, no. 3 (2011): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.4048/jbc.2011.14.3.223.

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18

Oblak, Irena, Marija Skoblar Vidmar, Franc Anderluh, Vaneja Velenik, Ana Jeromen, and Jasna But Hadzic. "Capecitabine in adjuvant radiochemotherapy for gastric adenocarcinoma." Radiology and Oncology 48, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/raon-2013-0065.

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Abstract Background. In patients with non-metastatic gastric cancer surgery still remains the treatment of choice. Postoperative radiochemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin significantly improves the treatment outcome. The oral fluoropyrimidines, such as capecitabine, mimic continuous 5-fluorouracil infusion, are at least as effective as 5-fluorouracil, and such treatment is more comfortable for the patients. Patients and methods. In the period from October 2006 to December 2009, 101 patients with gastric cancer in stages Ib-IIIc were treated with postoperative chemoradiation with capecitabine. Distal subtotal resection of the stomach was performed in 46.3%, total resection in 50.5% and multivisceral resection in 3.2% of patients. The main endpoints of this study were loco-regional control (LRC), disease-free survival (DFS), disease-specific survival (DSS) and overall survival (OS). The rates of acute side-effects were also estimated. Results. Seventy-seven percent of patients completed the treatment according to the protocol. The median followup time of all patients was 3.9 years (range: 0.4-6.3 years) and in survivors it was 4.7 years (range: 3.2-6.3 years). No death occurred due to the therapy. Acute toxicity, such as nausea and vomiting, stomatitis, diarrhoea, hand-foot syndrome and infections of grade 3 or 4, occurred in 5%, 1%, 2%, 8.9% and 18.8% of patients, respectively. On the close-out date 63.4% patients were still alive and with no signs of the disease. The 4-years follow-up survey showed that LRC, DFS, DSS and OS were 95.5%, 69.2%, 70.7%, and 66.2%, respectively. Higher pN-stage and splenectomy were found to be independent prognostic factors for all four types of survival and perineural invasion and lower treatment intensity for DFS, DSS and OS. Conclusions. Postoperative radiochemotherapy with capecitabine is feasible, with low toxicity and the results of such treatment are good

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19

Francini, Guido, Roberto Petrioli, Luciano Lorenzini, Sergio Mancini, Salvatore Armenio, Gabriello Tanzini, Stefania Marsili, et al. "Adjuvant Chemotherapy with Folinic Acid and 5-Fluorouracil in Colon Cancer." Tumori Journal 83, no. 1_suppl1 (January 1997): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03008916970831s118.

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20

Cassidy, J. "Adjuvant 5-fluorouracil plus levamisole in colon cancer: the plot thickens?" British Journal of Cancer 69, no. 6 (June 1994): 986–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/bjc.1994.193.

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21

Francini, Guido, Roberto Petrioli, Luciano Lorenzini, Sergio Mancini, Salvatore Armenio, Gabriello Tanzini, Stefania Marsili, et al. "Folinic acid and 5-fluorouracil as adjuvant chemotherapy in colon cancer." Gastroenterology 106, no. 4 (April 1994): 899–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-5085(94)90748-x.

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22

Frasci, Giuseppe, Francesco Leone, Mario Monaco, Luigi Cremone, Ugo Sapio, Felice Faiella, Angelo Espinosa, and Giovanni Persico. "5-fluorouracil-interferon-α2b adjuvant treatment of Dukes C colorectal cancer." Diseases of the Colon & Rectum 37, no. 7 (July 1994): 643–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02054406.

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23

Jeung, Hei C., Sun Y. Rha, Sung H. Noh, Jin S. Min, Byung S. Kim, and Hyun C. Chung. "Adjuvant 5-fluorouracil plus doxorubicin in D2-3 resected gastric carcinoma." Cancer 91, no. 11 (2001): 2016–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(20010601)91:11<2016::aid-cncr1227>3.0.co;2-i.

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24

Jha, Abhijeet Kumar, and Sidharth Sonthalia. "5-Fluorouracil as an adjuvant therapy along with microneedling in vitiligo." Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 80, no. 4 (April 2019): e75-e76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2018.12.008.

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25

Arkenau, H. T., K. Rettig, and R. Porschen. "Adjuvant chemotherapy in curative resected colon carcinoma: 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin versus high-dose 5-fluorouracil 24-h infusion/leucovorin versus high-dose 5-fluorouracil 24-h infusion." International Journal of Colorectal Disease 20, no. 3 (November 11, 2004): 258–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00384-004-0657-6.

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26

Katori, Hideaki, Akinori Nozawa, and Mamoru Tsukuda. "Post-operative adjuvant chemoradiotherapy with carboplatin and 5-fluorouracil for primary branchiogenic carcinoma." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 119, no. 6 (June 2005): 467–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0022215054273241.

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Background: Branchiogenic carcinoma occurs only rarely. A pathologic description and post-operative adjuvant therapy with carboplatin (CBDCA) and daily oral 5-fluorouracil (UFT) are analysed.Case report: We present the case of a 52-year-old man with a lateral neck mass lesion. A fine-needle aspiration was performed and cytological examination showed class IV disease. The patient underwent excision of the mass and an intra-operative rapid pathological diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma was made; we then went on to perform neck dissection. The patient received post-operative radiation therapy (total 64 Gy) and chemotherapy (CBDCA 100 mg/week and UFT 300 mg/day). He was followed up for 62 months after surgery without any evidence of recurrence of cancer.Conclusion: This case satisfies the histological criteria established by Martin and Khafif for a primary branchiogenic carcinoma. The management would be wide surgical excision of the tumour, including neck dissection, followed by adjuvant therapy, such as chemoradiation. As post-operative adjuvant therapy for primary branchiogenic carcinoma, chemoradiotherapy with carboplatin and UFT was a safe and well tolerated regimen.

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van Hellemond, Irene E. G., Annemarie M. Thijs, and Geert-Jan Creemers. "Capecitabine-Associated Terminal Ileitis." Case Reports in Oncology 11, no. 3 (October 22, 2018): 654–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000492781.

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Capecitabine is an oral fluoropyrimidine used as adjuvant and palliative chemotherapy in patients with colorectal cancer. Diarrhea is a well-known side effect of capecitabine and 5-fluorouracil agents. We present a case with terminal ileitis as a rare adverse event of capecitabine treatment. Capecitabine-induced terminal ileitis is likely to be underreported. It should be considered more often as a cause of severe and atypical complaints of diarrhea during treatment with capecitabine or other 5-fluorouracil agents.

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Lim, Stephanie Hui-Su, Sharon Mary Wilson, Arnagretta Hunter, Jane Hill, and Philip Beale. "Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy and 5-Fluorouracil: Getting to the Heart of the Matter." Case Reports in Oncological Medicine 2013 (2013): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/206765.

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Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is a rare but increasingly recognized phenomenon, which can occur as a side-effect of chemotherapeutic agents, in particular, the antimetabolite 5-fluorouracil. We describe a case of delayed Takotsubo cardiomyopathy after 3 weeks of adjuvant 5-fluorouracil for resected rectal adenocarcinoma in a 66-year-old female, supported by angiographic, electrocardiographic, and echocardiographic features. As a complication, she developed an apical mural thrombus with subsequent cerebral thromboembolic events and was successfully anticoagulated to make a full recovery. We present a review of the literature on Takotsubo cardiomyopathy secondary to 5-fluorouracil and the rare occurrence of thromboembolic complications. As this is a significant clinical phenomenon which involves a multispeciality approach to management, oncologists and cardiologists need to recognize it as a potential toxicity of a widely administered chemotherapeutic drug.

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Zhang, J., J. Xiang, Y. Zhang, and X. Zhou. "Adjuvant chemotherapy of cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) plus leucovorin (LV) for esophageal cancer: A case-matched cohort study in east china." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2007): 15135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.15135.

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15135 Background: There are very few prospective randomized clinical trials regarding the adjuvant chemotherapy of esophageal cancer. This study is to compare the survival between the patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy of cisplatin, 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) plus leucovorin (LV) and those who did not. Methods: Between 1998 and 2004, 90 esophageal cancer patients with adjuvant chemotherapy, and clinic-pathologically well- matched 180 patients without chemotherapy, were included in this study. Results: There was no significant difference for disease-free-survival and overall-survival in stage I (P=0.59&p=0.59), stage II (P=0.2778&P=0.2778) and stage III patients (P=0.695 &P=0.8667) between observation group and chemotherapy group. Chemotherapy was most effective for the patients who had metastasis in cervical and /or celiac lymph node (IVa subgroup) by both univariate analysis and multivariate COX regression model. 1 and 3-year DFS and OS are significantly better than those who did not receive the chemotherapy(P= 0.038,and 0.01, respectively). Among the factors evaluated by immunohistochemical staining, Bcl-2 expression in the primary tumor was a worse prognostic factor, and was more predictive in adjuvant chemotherapy group than no chemotherapy group. Conclusions: Adjuvant chemotherapy significantly improved the treatment result of stage IVa patients. Bcl-2 could be potentially used to analyze the prognosis and guild the adjuvant treatment in esophageal cancer. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Mendoza-Rodríguez, Mónica G., C. Ángel Sánchez-Barrera, Blanca E. Callejas, Verónica García-Castillo, Diana L. Beristain-Terrazas, Norma L. Delgado-Buenrostro, Yolanda I. Chirino, et al. "Use of STAT6 Phosphorylation Inhibitor and Trimethylglycine as New Adjuvant Therapies for 5-Fluorouracil in Colitis-Associated Tumorigenesis." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 6 (March 20, 2020): 2130. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21062130.

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most widespread and deadly types of neoplasia around the world, where the inflammatory microenvironment has critical importance in the process of tumor growth, metastasis, and drug resistance. Despite its limited effectiveness, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is the main drug utilized for CRC treatment. The combination of 5-FU with other agents modestly increases its effectiveness in patients. Here, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory Trimethylglycine and the Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT6) inhibitor AS1517499, as possible adjuvants to 5-FU in already established cancers, using a model of colitis-associated colon cancer (CAC). We found that these adjuvant therapies induced a remarkable reduction of tumor growth when administrated together with 5-FU, correlating with a reduction in STAT6-phosphorylation. This reduction upgraded the effect of 5-FU by increasing both levels of apoptosis and markers of cell adhesion such as E-cadherin, whereas decreased epithelial–mesenchymal transition markers were associated with aggressive phenotypes and drug resistance, such as β-catenin nuclear translocation and Zinc finger protein SNAI1 (SNAI1). Additionally, Il-10, Tgf-β, and Il-17a, critical pro-tumorigenic cytokines, were downmodulated in the colon by these adjuvant therapies. In vitro assays on human colon cancer cells showed that Trimethylglycine also reduced STAT6-phosphorylation. Our study is relatively unique in focusing on the effects of the combined administration of AS1517499 and Trimethylglycine together with 5-FU on already established CAC which synergizes to markedly reduce the colon tumor load. Together, these data point to STAT6 as a valuable target for adjuvant therapy in colon cancer.

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Cascinu, Stefano, Gabriele Valentini, and Giuseppina Catalano. "A Pilot Clinical Trial of Postoperative Adjuvant Intraperitoneal Cisplatin, 5-Fluorouracil, 6S-Leucovorin and Interferon Alpha 2b in Patients with Resected Gastric Cancer." Tumori Journal 79, no. 5 (October 1993): 331–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030089169307900509.

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Aims and Background The study was performed to assess the toxicity and impact on relapse pattern of postoperative intraperitoneal cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin and interferon therapy as adjuvant treatment for gastric cancer patients who are at high risk for recurrence after potentially curative resection (T2 N1-2; T3-4 N any Mo). Patients and Methods Starting 14 to 21 days after potentially curative resection of primary gastric cancers, 22 patients were given intraperitoneal cisplatin, 60 mg/m2; 5-fluorouracil, 1000 mg/m2; 6S-leucovorin, 250 mg/m2; interferon alpha 2b, 10 MU/m2; every other week for six times. Results After a median follow-up of 24 months, 63 % of patients were alive and free of disease. Eight patients had recurred; five had an intraabdominal component, and 3 had extraabdominal failure. Toxicity was mild: no grade III-IV WHO toxicity was observed. Conclusions Intraperitoneal cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil, 6S-leucovorin and interferon is a tolerable therapy in the postoperative setting for patients with resected gastric cancer. These data make this approach interesting for the development of new programs of adjuvant therapy of high-risk gastric cancer.

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Cremona, F., F. Izzo, F. Ruffolo, R. Palaia, and V. Parisi. "Adjuvant therapy for resectable colorectal carcinoma with 5-fluorouracil portal vein infusion." Journal of Chemotherapy 9, no. 2 (January 1997): 140–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/joc.1997.9.2.140.

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Rudkin, A. K., and J. S. Muecke. "Adjuvant 5-fluorouracil in the treatment of localised ocular surface squamous neoplasia." British Journal of Ophthalmology 95, no. 7 (January 20, 2011): 947–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjo.2010.186171.

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Paulino, Arnold C. "Resected Pancreatic Cancer Treated With Adjuvant Radiotherapy With or Without 5-Fluorouracil." American Journal of Clinical Oncology: Cancer Clinical Trials 22, no. 5 (October 1999): 489. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000421-199910000-00014.

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Österlund, Pia, Tarja Ruotsalainen, Katri Peuhkuri, Riitta Korpela, Anneli Ollus, Minna Ikonen, Heikki Joensuu, and Inkeri Elomaa. "Lactose intolerance associated with adjuvant 5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy for colorectal cancer." Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2, no. 8 (August 2004): 696–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1542-3565(04)00293-9.

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Johnson, Jonas T., Eugene N. Myers, David G. Mayernik, Teresa A. Nolan, Barbara A. Sigler, and Robin L. Wagner. "Adjuvant Methotrexate???5-Fluorouracil for Extracapsular Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Cervical Metastasis." Laryngoscope 100, no. 6 (June 1990): 590???592. http://dx.doi.org/10.1288/00005537-199006000-00007.

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Jamieson, David, Jo Lee, Nicola Cresti, Rosanna Jackson, Melanie Griffin, Julieanne Sludden, Mark Verrill, and Alan V. Boddy. "Pharmacogenetics of adjuvant breast cancer treatment with cyclophosphamide, epirubicin and 5-fluorouracil." Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology 74, no. 4 (July 24, 2014): 667–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00280-014-2541-6.

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Kulig, J., T. Popiela, P. Richter, and S. Klek. "Evaluation of Adjuvant Chemotherapy Irinotecan + 5-Fluorouracil + Leucovorine in Advanced Colorectal Cancer." Acta Chirurgica Belgica 107, no. 3 (January 2007): 297–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00015458.2007.11680060.

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SUZUKI, TAKANORI, SUSUMU JINBO, MASAYA MIKI, SHIGEKI INABA, TOSHIHIRO SHIMIZU, TOORU MASHIMO, KYOICHI IMAI, HIDETOSHI YAMANAKA, and JUN KOYA. "ADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY OF CIS-DIAMMINEDICHLOROPLATINUM, ADRIAMYCIN AND 5-FLUOROURACIL FOR UROTHELIAL CANCERS." KITAKANTO Medical Journal 37, no. 5 (1987): 453–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2974/kmj1951.37.453.

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Mustafa, Syed Arshad, M. Ismail, Saquib Zaffar, Ghulam Hassan, Waseem Qureshi, and SM Kadri. "Outcome of Adjuvant Concurrent Chemo-Radiation in Operated Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer." Journal of Enam Medical College 5, no. 3 (November 10, 2015): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jemc.v5i3.24744.

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Background: Rectal cancer is one of the most common cancers in Kashmir, India. The clinical course of patients treated with surgery alone has been characterized by a high death rate and also by the pain and disability associated with pelvic recurrence of the tumor. Adjuvant radiation combined with chemotherapy has been studied for prevention of such recurrences. We treat more than 200 rectal cancer patients annually at our center. Most of the patients registered at our center are those who have been already subjected to surgery at the peripheral hospitals. We studied role of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and calcium leucovorin concurrently with radiotherapy in Dukes stage B2 and C and toxicities thereof in the adjuvant setting.Objective: To assess the outcome of concurrent chemoradiation in operated locally advanced treated cancer patients.Materials and Methods: In operated Dukes B2 and C rectal cancer patients, we conducted a prospective non-randomized study comprising of 40 patients between 2012 and 2014. Patients were treated with two hours protracted infusion of calcium leucovorin 500 mg/m2 on day 1 followed by 5-fluorouracil 500 mg/m2 on days 1 to 5 and repeated four weekly for total of six cycles. Radiotherapy of 45 Gray in 20 fractions was delivered concurrently with chemotherapy for first two cycles.Results: Combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy in a concurrent setting appears to be more efficient in reducing local recurrence rates and improving survival than either modality alone. Toxicities with this schedule were mostly gastrointestinal mucositis, but no treatment interruption was needed.Conclusion: A combination of 5-fluorouracil and radiotherapy can be administered in operated locally advanced rectal cancer patients.J Enam Med Col 2015; 5(3): 139-144

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Ahn, Joong B., Kwang Y. Shim, Hei C. Jeung, Sun Y. Rha, Nae C. Yoo, Nam K. Kim, Jae K. Roh, Jin S. Min, Byung S. Kim, and Hyun C. Chung. "Monthly 5-days 5-fluorouracil and low-dose leucovorin for adjuvant chemotherapy in colon cancer." Cancer Letters 167, no. 2 (June 2001): 215–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3835(01)00485-2.

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Edler, David, Bengt Glimelius, Marja Hallström, Anders Jakobsen, Patrick G. Johnston, Inger Magnusson, Peter Ragnhammar, and Henric Blomgren. "Thymidylate Synthase Expression in Colorectal Cancer: A Prognostic and Predictive Marker of Benefit From Adjuvant Fluorouracil-Based Chemotherapy." Journal of Clinical Oncology 20, no. 7 (April 1, 2002): 1721–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2002.07.039.

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PURPOSE: We studied the prognostic value of thymidylate synthase (TS) expression in primary colorectal cancer (CRC) and the role of TS expression as a predictor of chemotherapeutic benefit in patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: TS expression was immunohistochemically assessed on tumor sections from 862 patients with CRC Dukes’ stages B and C enrolled onto randomized trials evaluating fluorouracil (5-FU)-based adjuvant chemotherapy. RESULTS: TS expression was an independent prognostic factor for disease-free (P = .05) and overall survival (P = .05). In the subgroup treated with surgery alone, TS was an independent prognostic factor for disease-free (P < .001) and overall survival (P = .001), whereas this was not the case in the subgroup of adjuvantly treated patients. Patients whose tumors expressed high TS levels had a tendency to improved outcome after adjuvant therapy (not significant). The group whose tumors expressed the highest TS grade, grade 3 (34% of the patients), had a significantly longer disease-free survival if they were treated with adjuvant therapy compared with surgery alone (multivariate analyses, P = .02), whereas patients whose tumors expressed low TS levels (28% of the patients) had an impaired outcome after adjuvant therapy (multivariate analyses: disease-free survival, P = .01; overall survival, P = .01). CONCLUSION: TS expression predicts for survival independent of Dukes’ stage in patients with CRC treated with surgery alone. The study indicates that patients with high TS levels may benefit from adjuvant 5-FU–based chemotherapy. However, patients with low TS levels seem to have a worse outcome when treated with adjuvant chemotherapy.

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Lara-Sotelo, Galia, Lorenza Díaz, Rocío García-Becerra, Euclides Avila, Heriberto Prado-Garcia, Gabriela Morales-Guadarrama, María de Jesús Ibarra-Sánchez, José Esparza-López, Fernando Larrea, and Janice García-Quiroz. "α-Mangostin Synergizes the Antineoplastic Effects of 5-Fluorouracil Allowing a Significant Dose Reduction in Breast Cancer Cells." Processes 9, no. 3 (March 3, 2021): 458. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9030458.

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Breast cancer is the most common neoplasm and the leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. Although 5-fluorouracil is a conventional chemotherapeutic agent for breast cancer treatment, its use may result in severe side effects. Thus, there is widespread interest in lowering 5-fluorouracil drawbacks, without affecting its therapeutic efficacy by the concomitant use with natural products. Herein, we aimed at evaluating whether α-mangostin, a natural antineoplastic compound, could increase the anticancer effect of 5-fluorouracil in different breast cancer cell lines, allowing for dose reduction. Cell proliferation was evaluated by sulforhodamine-B assays, inhibitory concentrations and potency were calculated by dose-response curves, followed by analysis of their pharmacological interaction by the combination-index method and dose-reduction index. Cell cycle distribution was evaluated by flow cytometry. Each compound inhibited cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, the triple negative breast cancer cells being the most sensitive. When 5-fluorouracil and α-mangostin were used concomitantly, synergistic antiproliferative effect was observed. The calculated dose-reduction index suggested that this combination exhibits therapeutic potential for reducing 5-fluorouracil dosage in breast cancer. Mechanistically, the cotreatment induced cell death in a greater extent than each drug alone. Therefore, α-mangostin could be used as a potent co-adjuvant for 5-fluorouracil in breast cancer.

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Mazzotta, Marco, Laura Pizzuti, Eriseld Krasniqi, Francesca Sofia Di Lisa, Federico Cappuzzo, Lorenza Landi, Domenico Sergi, et al. "Role of Chemotherapy in Vulvar Cancers: Time to Rethink Standard of Care?" Cancers 13, no. 16 (August 12, 2021): 4061. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13164061.

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The actual role of chemotherapy in vulvar cancer is undeniably a niche topic. The low incidence of the disease limits the feasibility of randomized trials. Decision making is thus oriented by clinical and pathological features, whose relevance is generally weighted against evidence from observational studies and clinical practice. The therapeutic management of vulvar cancer is increasingly codified and refined at an individual patient level. It is of note that the attitude towards evidence sharing and discussion within a multidisciplinary frame is progressively consolidating. Viable options included in the therapeutic armamentarium available for vulvar cancer patients are frequently an adaption from standards used for cervical or anal carcinoma. Chemotherapy is more frequently combined with radiotherapy as neo-/adjuvant or definitive treatment. Drugs commonly used are platinum derivative, 5-fluorouracil and mitomicin C, mostly in combination with radiotherapy for radiosensitization. Exclusive chemotherapy in the neo-/adjuvant setting comprises platinum-derivative, combined with bleomicin and methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, ifosfamide or taxanes. In advanced disease, current regimens include cisplatin-based chemoradiation, with or without 5-fluorouracil, or doublets with platinum in combination with a taxane. Our work is also enriched by a concise excursus on the biologic pathways underlying vulvar cancer. Introductory hints are also provided on targeted agents, a rapidly evolving research field.

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Ron, Ilan G., Nely Wigler, Riva Borovik, George Brufman, Shulamith Rizel, Adi Shani, Joseph Brenner, et al. "CMF (Cyclophosphamide, Methotrexate, 5-Fluorouracil) Versus CNF (Cyclophosphamide, Mitoxantrone, 5-Fluorouracil) as Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Stage II Lymph-Node Positive Breast Cancer." American Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 4 (August 2001): 323–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000421-200108000-00001.

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Ron, Ilan G., Nely Wigler, Riva Borovik, Tamar Peretz, Shulamith Rizel, Adi Shani, Joseph Brenner, et al. "CMF (Cyclophosphamide, Methotrexate, 5-Fluorouracil) Versus CNF (Cyclophosphamide, Mitoxantrone, 5-Fluorouracil) as Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Stage II Lymph-Node Positive Breast Cancer." American Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 5 (October 2002): 520–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000421-200210000-00020.

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Sobrero, A., G. Frassineti, A. Falcone, L. Dogliotti, R. Rosso, F. D. Costanzo, and P. Bruzzi. "Adjuvant sequential methotrexate → 5-fluorouracil vs 5-fluorouracil plus leucovorin in radically resected stage III and high-risk stage II colon cancer." British Journal of Cancer 92, no. 1 (December 21, 2004): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.bjc.6602276.

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Dogan, U., H. Abali, F. Ozmen, B. Oksuzoglu, N. Aslan, N. Ozdemir, B. Budakoglu, T. Guler, M. Tumoz, and N. Zengin. "6522 Adjuvant chemoradiotherapy with continious infusion 5-fluorouracil and bi-weekly cisplatin and infusional 5-fluorouracil for operated locally advanced gastric cancer." European Journal of Cancer Supplements 7, no. 2 (September 2009): 368. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1359-6349(09)71244-3.

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49

Moertel, C. G., T. R. Fleming, J. S. Macdonald, D. G. Haller, and J. A. Laurie. "Hepatic toxicity associated with fluorouracil plus levamisole adjuvant therapy." Journal of Clinical Oncology 11, no. 12 (December 1993): 2386–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.1993.11.12.2386.

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PURPOSE To determine the frequency and nature of hepatic toxicity associated with fluorouracil (5-FU) plus levamisole adjuvant therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS All patients had resection of stage II or stage III colon cancer and were randomized to receive observation only, levamisole alone, or 5-FU plus levamisole. Serial liver function studies were documented in 1,025 patients who did not develop recurrence during the year of therapy. RESULTS One hundred forty-nine (39.6%) of 376 patients treated with 5-FU plus levamisole showed laboratory abnormalities consistent with hepatic toxicity, compared with 16.3% of 251 patients treated with levamisole alone and 16.1% of 398 untreated controls. Most common was elevation of alkaline phosphatase, frequently accompanied by elevations of transaminase or serum bilirubin. Characteristically, these changes were mild, not associated with symptoms, and resolved when therapy was stopped. In some instances, they were associated with elevated carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) tests or with fatty liver seen on computed tomographic (CT) scan or liver biopsy. CONCLUSION Mild and reversible hepatotoxicity is a common consequence of 5-FU plus levamisole adjuvant therapy, but this is only rarely symptomatic. However, the oncologist should be alert to this phenomenon, since the associated laboratory and imaging findings may simulate those associated with hepatic metastasis.

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Yakir, Rottenberg, Kadouri Luna, Wygoda Marc, Sella Tamar, Rivkind Avraham, and Hubert Ayala. "The Toxicity and Outcomes of Continuous 5-fluorouracil/Cisplatin-based Chemotherapy Followed by Chemoradiation in Patients with Resected High-risk Gastric Cancer: Results of a Single Institute." Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore 37, no. 3 (March 15, 2008): 200–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.v37n3p200.

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Introduction: The majority of patients with gastric cancer relapse after definitive surgery and 5-year survival after surgery is very poor. The Intergroup 0116 study showed a modest survival benefit for postoperative bolus 5-fluorouracil-based chemoradiation with a high rate of toxicity. We hypothesised that treatment outcome could be further improved with feasible toxicity using a combination of bolus 5-fluorouracil, continuous 5-fluorouracil, and cisplatin followed by chemoradiation after 3 months of chemotherapy. Materials and Methods: Thirty-six patients with stages Ib through IV adenocarcinoma of the stomach or gastrooesophageal junction who had undergone gastric resection and negative margins were assigned to postoperative chemoradiation. The treatment consisted of 6 cycles of continuous 5-fluorouracil (600 mg/m2) for 24 hours, push 5-fluorouracil (400 mg/m2) and leucoverin (LCV) (200 mg/m2) on day 1 to 2 every 2 weeks, cisplatin (60 mg/m2) every 4 weeks followed by combined modality therapy using 45 Gy at 1.8 Gy per day concomitant with weekly bolus 5-fluorouracil (600 mg/m2) and LCV (50 mg). Results: The median age was 59 years (range, 29 to 75) and 25 patients were male. Thirty-five per cent had proximal tumour, T3 or T4 were diagnosed in 92% of the patients and lymph nodes metastases were confirmed in 83%. Grade 3 or 4 neutropaenia was documented in 25%, and gastrointestinal toxicity in 16%. There was no toxic death, but 1 patient had long-term complications. The median disease-free survival was 37.4 months and the overall survival was 40.3 months. Conclusions: Postoperative chemoradiation with combination of bolus 5-fluorouracil, continuous 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin is a feasible and well-tolerated approach. Larger clinical trials should be conducted to further evaluate the toxicity and the efficacy of this regimen. Key words: Adjuvant, Combined modality therapy, Gastric neoplasms

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