Academic literature on the topic 'Adipogensi'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Adipogensi.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Adipogensi"
1
Dong, Hua, Wenfei Sun, Yang Shen, Miroslav Baláz, Lucia Balázová, Lianggong Ding, Mona Löffler, et al. "Identification of a regulatory pathway inhibiting adipogenesis via RSPO2." Nature Metabolism 4, no. 1 (January 2022): 90–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42255-021-00509-1.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractHealthy adipose tissue remodeling depends on the balance between de novo adipogenesis from adipogenic progenitor cells and the hypertrophy of adipocytes. De novo adipogenesis has been shown to promote healthy adipose tissue expansion, which confers protection from obesity-associated insulin resistance. Here, we define the role and trajectory of different adipogenic precursor subpopulations and further delineate the mechanism and cellular trajectory of adipogenesis, using single-cell RNA-sequencing datasets of murine adipogenic precursors. We identify Rspo2 as a functional regulator of adipogenesis, which is secreted by a subset of CD142+ cells to inhibit maturation of early progenitors through the receptor Lgr4. Increased circulating RSPO2 in mice leads to adipose tissue hypertrophy and insulin resistance and increased RSPO2 levels in male obese individuals correlate with impaired glucose homeostasis. Taken together, these findings identify a complex cellular crosstalk that inhibits adipogenesis and impairs adipose tissue homeostasis.
2
Moseti, Dorothy, Alemu Regassa, Chongxiao Chen, Karmin O, and Woo Kyun Kim. "25-Hydroxycholesterol Inhibits Adipogenic Differentiation of C3H10T1/2 Pluripotent Stromal Cells." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 2 (January 9, 2020): 412. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21020412.
Full textAbstract:
Understanding of adipogenesis is important to find remedies for obesity and related disorders. In addition, it is also critical in bone disorders because there is a reciprocal relationship between adipogenesis and osteogenesis in bone micro-environment. Oxysterols are pro-osteogenic and anti-adipogenic molecules via hedgehog activation in pluripotent bone marrow stomal cells. However, no study has evaluated the role of specific oxysterols in C3H10T1/2 cells, which are a good cell model for studying osteogenesis and adipogenesis in bone-marrows. Thus, we investigated the effects of specific oxysterols on adipogenesis and expression of adipogenic transcripts in C3H10T1/2 cells. Treatment of cells with DMITro significantly induced mRNA expression of Pparγ. This induction was significantly inhibited by 25-HC. The expression of C/cepα, Fabp4 and Lpl was also inhibited by 25-HC. To determine the mechanism by which 25-HC inhibits adipogenesis, the effects of the hedgehog signalling pathway inhibitor, cyclopamine and CUR61414, were evaluated. Treatment of C3H10T1/2 cells with DMITro + cyclopamine or DMITro + CUR61414 for 96h did not modulate adipocyte differentiation; cyclopamine and CUR61414 did not reverse the inhibitory effects of 25-HC, suggesting that the canonical hedgehog signalling may not play a role in the anti-adipogenic effects of 25-HC in C3H10T1/2 cells. In addition, LXR agonist did not inhibit adipogenesis, but 25-HC strongly inhibits adipogenesis of C3H10T1/2 cells. Our observations showed that 25-HC was the most potent oxysterol in inhibiting adipogenesis and the expression of key adipogenic transcripts in C3H10T1/2 cells among the tested oxysterols, suggesting its potential application in providing an intervention in osteoporosis and obesity. We also report that the inhibitory effects of 25-HC on adipogenic differentiation in C3H10T1/2 cells are not mediated by hedgehog signaling and LXR.
3
Baskan, Oznur, Gulistan Mese, and Engin Ozcivici. "Low-intensity vibrations normalize adipogenesis-induced morphological and molecular changes of adult mesenchymal stem cells." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine 231, no. 2 (January 10, 2017): 160–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954411916687338.
Full textAbstract:
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells that are committed to adipogenesis were exposed daily to high-frequency low-intensity mechanical vibrations to understand molecular, morphological and ultrastructural adaptations to mechanical signals during adipogenesis. D1-ORL-UVA mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were cultured with either growth or adipogenic medium for 1 week. Low-intensity vibration signals (15 min/day, 90 Hz, 0.1 g) were applied to one group of adipogenic cells, while the other adipogenic group served as a sham control. Cellular viability, lipid accumulation, ultrastructure and morphology were determined with MTT, Oil-Red-O staining, phalloidin staining and atomic force microscopy. Semiquantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction showed expression profile of the genes responsible for adipogenesis and ultrastructure of cells. Low-intensity vibration signals increased viability of the cells in adipogenic culture that was reduced significantly compared to quiescent controls. Low-intensity vibration signals also normalized the effects of adipogenic condition on cell morphology, including area, perimeter, circularization and actin cytoskeleton. Furthermore, low-intensity vibration signals reduced the expression of some adipogenic markers significantly. Mesenchymal stem cells are sensitive and responsive to mechanical loads, but debilitating conditions such as aging or obesity may steer mesenchymal stem cells toward adipogenesis. Here, daily application of low-intensity vibration signals partially neutralized the effects of adipogenic induction on mesenchymal stem cells, suggesting that these signals may provide an alternative and/or complementary option to reduce fat deposition.
4
Yu, Hyung-Seok, Won-Ju Kim, Won-Young Bae, Na-Kyoung Lee, and Hyun-Dong Paik. "Inula britannica Inhibits Adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes via Modulation of Mitotic Clonal Expansion Involving ERK 1/2 and Akt Signaling Pathways." Nutrients 12, no. 10 (October 3, 2020): 3037. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12103037.
Full textAbstract:
The flower of Inula britannica contains various phenolic compounds with prophylactic properties. This study aimed to determine the anti-adipogenic effect of an I. britannica flower aqueous extract (IAE) and its underlying mechanisms in the 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and to identify the phenolic compounds in the extract. Treatment with IAE inhibited the adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes by showing a dose-dependently suppressed intracellular lipid accumulation and significantly mitigated expression levels of lipogenesis- and adipogenesis-associated biomarkers including transcription factors. IAE exerted an anti-adipogenic effect through the modulation of the early phases of adipogenesis including mitotic clonal expansion (MCE). Treatment with IAE inhibited MCE by arresting the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase and suppressing the activation of MCE-related transcription factors. Furthermore, IAE inhibited adipogenesis by regulating the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and Akt signaling pathways. Protocatechuic acid, chlorogenic acid, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, and 6-methoxyluteolin, which are reported to exhibit anti-adipogenic properties, were detected in IAE. Therefore, modulation of early phases of adipogenesis, especially MCE, is a key mechanism underlying the anti-adipogenic activity of IAE. In summary, the anti-obesity effects of IAE can be attributed to its phenolic compounds, and hence, IAE can be used for the development of anti-obesity products.
5
Kwon, Young-Nam, Won Kon Kim, Sang-Hak Lee, Keewon Kim, Eun Young Kim, Tai Hwan Ha, HyoukSoo Han, and Kwang-Hee Bae. "Monitoring of adipogenic differentiation at the single-cell level using atomic force microscopic analysis." Spectroscopy 26, no. 6 (2011): 329–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/707216.
Full textAbstract:
Adipogenesis plays an important role in energy homeostasis by storing excess energy as lipid droplets. However, these reservoirs are implicated in a host of major human health problems, such as obesity. Elucidation of the mechanisms underlying adipogenesis is thus crucial to overcome these problems. The preadipocyte cell lines represent an optimal model to examine adipogenesis. Cells differentiate into adipocytes with various speeds of conversion and fat accumulation. Here, we have presented a novel method for detecting adipogenic differentiation at the single-cell level using atomic force microscopic analysis. Data obtained with this method revealed a good correlation between membrane stiffness and the degree of adipogenic differentiation. Although we could not determine the underlying cause for membrane stiffness reduction during adipogenic differentiation, the technique clearly offers advantages over the existing detection systems, such as lipid drop staining and extraction. Furthermore, the degree of adipogenic differentiation at the single-cell level can be detected with this method.
6
Zhang, Ziang, Rongmei Qu, Tingyu Fan, Jun Ouyang, Feng Lu, and Jingxing Dai. "Stepwise Adipogenesis of Decellularized Cellular Extracellular Matrix Regulates Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cell Migration and Differentiation." Stem Cells International 2019 (November 6, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1845926.
Full textAbstract:
Microenvironmental factors can modulate the cellular status of adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs). In response to microenvironmental changes, cells can remodel extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, which play an important role in regulating cell behaviors. During adipogenic differentiation, ECM components secreted from ASCs remodel dramatically. To evaluate the role of stepwise adipogenesis-induced cellular secretion of ECM on the behavior of ASCs, we cultured ASCs in growth and adipogenic media, and ECM secreted from cells was characterized and decellularized. The ASCs were then reseeded on decellularized ECM (d-ECM) to determine the regulatory effects of ECM on cellular behaviors. During adipogenesis, cell-secreted ECM underwent remodeling characterized by conversion from fibronectin-rich ECM to laminin-rich ECM. The cellular status of ASCs was tested after reseeding on decellularized ECM. When reseeded on growth d-ECM, ASCs exhibited greater migration ability. In contrast, ASCs seeded on adipogenic d-ECM underwent adipogenic differentiation. In addition, integrin subunit αv and integrins α6 and α7 were detected at significantly greater levels in ASCs cultured on growth and adipogenic d-ECM, respectively, suggesting that integrins play an important role in ASC migration and adipogenesis. This study demonstrated that stepwise adipogenesis-induced ECM production plays an important role in ASC migration and differentiation. In addition, this study provided a strategy to achieve precise regulation of stem cell function in adipose tissue engineering.
7
Kirchner, Séverine, Tiffany Kieu, Connie Chow, Stephanie Casey, and Bruce Blumberg. "Prenatal Exposure to the Environmental Obesogen Tributyltin Predisposes Multipotent Stem Cells to Become Adipocytes." Molecular Endocrinology 24, no. 3 (March 1, 2010): 526–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/me.2009-0261.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The environmental obesogen hypothesis proposes that pre- and postnatal exposure to environmental chemicals contributes to adipogenesis and the development of obesity. Tributyltin (TBT) is an agonist of both retinoid X receptor (RXR) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ). Activation of these receptors can elevate adipose mass in adult mice exposed to the chemical in utero. Here we show that TBT sensitizes human and mouse multipotent stromal stem cells derived from white adipose tissue [adipose-derived stromal stem cells (ADSCs)] to undergo adipogenesis. In vitro exposure to TBT, or the PPARγ activator rosiglitazone increases adipogenesis, cellular lipid content, and expression of adipogenic genes. The adipogenic effects of TBT and rosiglitazone were blocked by the addition of PPARγ antagonists, suggesting that activation of PPARγ mediates the effect of both compounds on adipogenesis. ADSCs from mice exposed to TBT in utero showed increased adipogenic capacity and reduced osteogenic capacity with enhanced lipid accumulation in response to adipogenic induction. ADSCs retrieved from animals exposed to TBT in utero showed increased expression of PPARγ target genes such as the early adipogenic differentiation gene marker fatty acid-binding protein 4 and hypomethylation of the promoter/enhancer region of the fatty acid-binding protein 4 locus. Hence, TBT alters the stem cell compartment by sensitizing multipotent stromal stem cells to differentiate into adipocytes, an effect that could likely increase adipose mass over time.
8
Liu, Zhenhua, Peng Wang, Shuizhong Cen, Liangbin Gao, Zhongyu Xie, Xiaohua Wu, Hongjun Su, Yanfeng Wu, and Huiyong Shen. "Increased BMPR1A Expression Enhances the Adipogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis." Stem Cells International 2019 (November 18, 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4143167.
Full textAbstract:
Objective. To investigate the adipogenic differentiation capacity of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients and explore the mechanism of abnormal MSC adipogenesis in AS. Methods. MSCs from patients with AS (ASMSCs) and healthy donors (HDMSCs) were cultured in adipogenic differentiation medium for up to 21 days. Adipogenic differentiation was determined using oil red O (ORO) staining and quantification and was confirmed by assessing adipogenic marker expression (PPAR-γ, FABP4, and adiponectin). Gene expression of adipogenic markers was detected using qRT-PCR. Protein levels of adipogenic markers and signaling pathway-related molecules were assessed via Western blotting. Levels of bone morphogenetic proteins 4, 6, 7, and 9 were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Lentiviruses encoding short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) were constructed to reverse abnormal bone morphogenetic protein receptor 1A (BMPR1A) expression and evaluate its role in abnormal ASMSC adipogenic differentiation. Bone marrow fat content was assessed using hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. BMPR1A expression in bone marrow MSCs was measured using immunofluorescence staining. Results. ASMSCs exhibited a greater adipogenic differentiation capacity than HDMSCs. During adipogenesis, ASMSCs expressed BMPR1A at higher levels, which activated the BMP-pSmad1/5/8 signaling pathway and increased adipogenesis. BMPR1A silencing using an shRNA eliminated the difference in adipogenic differentiation between HDMSCs and ASMSCs. Moreover, HE and immunofluorescence staining showed higher bone marrow fat content and BMPR1A expression in patients with AS than in healthy donors. Conclusion. Increased BMPR1A expression induces abnormal ASMSC adipogenic differentiation, potentially contributing to fat metaplasia and thus new bone formation in patients with AS.
9
Russell, T., C. Bridgewood, A. Khan, A. S. Rao, P. Loughenbury, P. Millner, R. Dunsmuir, A. Altaie, E. Jones, and D. Mcgonagle. "SAT0350 A ROLE FOR IL-17A IN THE SUPPRESSION OF SPINAL ENTHESEAL MESENCHYMAL STEM CELL ADIPOGENESIS WHILST SIMULTANEOUSLY FACILITATING OSTEOGENESIS." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 1121.1–1121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.2820.
Full textAbstract:
Background:Fat formation in the bone adjacent to the enthesis is an important but poorly characterised intermediate stage in new bone formation that occurs in the spine in AS. We and others have previously reported that IL-17A can increase mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) mediated osteogenesis in normal and AS spinal tissue (1, 2).Objectives:Herein we investigate the impact of IL-17A & TNF on MSC adipogenesis from spinal enthesis tissue.Methods:Samples from healthy spinous process and interspinous ligament (n=14, median age = 53) were separated into the peri-entheseal bone (PEB) and entheseal soft tissue (EST) & enzymatically digested. Minimally passaged (<p3) MSCs were cultured in a complete adipogenic media, with some cultures supplemented with either IL-17A (50ng/ml), TNF (1ng/ml) or IL-17A & TNF for 3 weeks. Adipogeneis was quantitatively assessed by Oil Red O staining at day 21. IL-17A’s effect on adipogeneis was further investigated by RNA extractions at Day 0, 3, 5, 7, 15 & 21 with supporting Oil Red O staining. 48 adipogenic and IL-17A target genes were used to investigate adipogenic progression and IL-17A effects on it over 21 day adipogenic differentiation.Results:EST MSCs have a significantly higher adipogenic potential than matched PEB MSCs (n=14, p<0.001). TNF and IL-17A both cause significant decreases (all p<0.01, n=5) in adipogenesis for both PEB and EST MSCs. EST MSCs produced lipid vesicles by day-3 post-induction, with significant inhibition by IL-17A (p<0.01, n=4) seen from day 15 onwards. IL-17A caused a significant decrease in overall Oil Red O staining, and it changed the morphology of lipid vesicles with a majority of cells consistent with immature pre-adipocytes. This was supported by gene expression data, which indicated significant decreases in transcripts encoding vesicle fusion proteins (CIDEC p<0.05, PLIN1 p<0.01). PLIN1 also aids protection against lipolysis (4). Transcripts associated with osteogenesis (CEBPβ (3)) and MSC stromal support (CXCL12) were significantly upregulated in adipogenically-induced cultures stimulated with IL-17A when compared to control adipogenic media. TNF & IL-17A combination demonstrated that IL-17A drove the vesicle morphology changes, with TNF alone not showing the same vesicle changes.Conclusion:Given the inverse link between MSC mediated osteogeneis & adipogenesis, these findings reveal a role of IL-17A especially on EST MSCs. The rapid formation of adipocytes seen in EST MSCs may be relevant to MRI determined peri-entheseal bone “shiny corners” due to post inflammation fat accumulation. Elevated transcripts associated with pre-adipocytes & undifferentiated MSCs support the idea of plasticity between early osteogenesis & adipogenesis. Downregulation of transcripts for proteins associated with protection against lipolysis allows for the rationalising of the gradual loss of the shiny corners seen in AS preceding subsequent new bone formation.References:[1]RUSSELL, T., A. WATAD, C. BRIDGEWOOD, A. KHAN, A.S. RAO, P. LOUGHENBURY, P. MILNER, R. DUNSMUIR, T. BABOOLAL, E. JONES, R. CUTHBERT and D. MCGONAGLE. IL-17A Induces Distinct Functional Differences Between Two Novel Mesenchymal Stem Cell Populations Identified at the Human Enthesis.Arthritis Rheumatol, 2019, 71 Suppl 10, pp.1-5362.[2]JO, S., S.E. WANG, Y.L. LEE, S. KANG, B. LEE, J. HAN, I.H. SUNG, Y.S. PARK, S.C. BAE and T.H. KIM. IL-17A induces osteoblast differentiation by activating JAK2/STAT3 in ankylosing spondylitis.Arthritis Res Ther, 2018, 20(1), p.115.[3]AHMED, M. and S.L. GAFFEN. IL-17 in obesity and adipogenesis.Cytokine Growth Factor Rev, 2010, 21(6), pp.449-53.[4]HANSEN, J.S., S. DE MARE, H.A. JONES, O. GORANSSON and K. LINDKVIST-PETERSSON. Visualization of lipid directed dynamics of perilipin 1 in human primary adipocytes.Sci Rep, 2017, 7(1), p.15011.Disclosure of Interests:Tobias Russell Grant/research support from: Novartis UK Investigator Initiated non-clinical research funding support, Charlie Bridgewood: None declared, Almas Khan: None declared, Abhay S Rao: None declared, Peter Loughenbury: None declared, Peter Millner: None declared, Robert Dunsmuir: None declared, Ala Altaie: None declared, Elena Jones: None declared, Dennis McGonagle Grant/research support from: Janssen Research & Development, LLC
10
da Silva, Carina, Chrisna Durandt, Karlien Kallmeyer, Melvin A. Ambele, and Michael S. Pepper. "The Role of Pref-1 during Adipogenic Differentiation: An Overview of Suggested Mechanisms." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 11 (June 9, 2020): 4104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21114104.
Full textAbstract:
Obesity contributes significantly to the global health burden. A better understanding of adipogenesis, the process of fat formation, may lead to the discovery of novel treatment strategies. However, it is of concern that the regulation of adipocyte differentiation has predominantly been studied using the murine 3T3-L1 preadipocyte cell line and murine experimental animal models. Translation of these findings to the human setting requires confirmation using experimental models of human origin. The ability of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) to differentiate into adipocytes is an attractive model to study adipogenesis in vitro. Differences in the ability of MSCs isolated from different sources to undergo adipogenic differentiation, may be useful in investigating elements responsible for regulating adipogenic differentiation potential. Genes involved may be divided into three broad categories: early, intermediate and late-stage regulators. Preadipocyte factor-1 (Pref-1) is an early negative regulator of adipogenic differentiation. In this review, we briefly discuss the adipogenic differentiation potential of MSCs derived from two different sources, namely adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (ASCs) and Wharton’s Jelly derived stromal/stem cells (WJSCs). We then discuss the function and suggested mechanisms of action of Pref-1 in regulating adipogenesis, as well as current findings regarding Pref-1’s role in human adipogenesis.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Adipogensi"
1
AL, HAJ GHINA. "EFFECTS OF LIPID MIXTURE AND A SELECTIVE PPARG MODULATOR ON THE DIFFERENTIATION CAPABILITIES OF HUMAN DERIVED MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS(HADSCS) DERIVED FROM HEALTHY AN D BREAST CANCER PATIENTS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/784157.
Full textAbstract:
La sindrome metabolica è associata a molte complicanze che portano in
particolare a malattie potenzialmente letali come l'obesità e il cancro. Per essere in grado
di identificare soluzioni e trattamenti efficaci, dobbiamo indagare le cause alla base di
questa sindrome. La nutrizione è un fattore importante da considerare nella prevenzione
e nel trattamento della sindrome metabolica. La nutrizione ha effetto su quasi tutti i
meccanismi del metabolismo del corpo umano, anche sull’adipogenesi Negli ultimi anni,
è stato posto un enorme interesse sulo studio dell'adipogenesi in relazione soprattutto
all'obesità. Diversi fattori influenzano l'adipogenesi primi fra tutti i nutrienti presenti nella
dieta. Tra i nutrienti con effetto di contrasto all’obesità, i composti dietetici naturali
godono di particolare interesse per aiutare a diminuire l'adiposità, quindi il rischio di
sviluppare l'obesità e successivamente malattie correlate all'obesità come le malattie
cardiovascolari e il diabete ma anche il cancro al seno. Per poter studiare questa
correlazione in vitro, è possibile utilizzare un'ampia scelta di modelli cellulari. Le cellule
mesenchimali isolate dal tessuto adiposo (hADSCs) sono una dei modelli sperimentali
in vitro più usate per studiare l'adipogenesi superando i limiti che altri modelli cellulari
hanno nella loro traslabilità all'uomo. In questo studio, lo scopo è stato di studiare
l'adipogenesi utilizzando hADSCs anche in presenza di composti dietetici come lipidi e
GMG-43AC un modulatore del recettore g (PPAR g) recettore gamma attivato dai
proliferatori dei perossisomi. che ha mostrato un effetto positivo sull'inibizione
dell'adipogenesi in cellule murine 3T3-L1. Inoltre, abbiamo indagato ulteriormente la sua
applicazione su modelli di cellule umane per capire il suo meccanismo d’azione specifico
che porta all’ inibizione di questo fenomeno. La parte sperimentale è stata impostata
utilizzando la linea cellulare THP-1 differenziate a macrofagi in co-cultura con le
hADSCs. Abbiamo notato che trattando le hADSCs con un cocktail di miscela lipidica,
VI
si verifica la diminuzione dell’espressione delle citochine pro-infiammatorie IL-6 e IL-
1b, valutata mediante real-time RT_PCR. Abbiamo anche notato un aumento dosedipendente
dell’espressione di FABP-4. Inoltre, abbiamo anche dimostrato che le
capacità differenziative di hADSCs isolate da tessuto adiposo peri-tumorale in casi di
tumore della mammella, sono alterate. In questi casi le hADSCs hanno scarse capacità
differenziative, valutate mediante saggi istologici ed espressione dell’mRNA di PPARγ e
FABP-4. Al contrario, la presenza nel terreno di coltura delle hADSCs di una miscela
lipidica (Composizione: acidi grassi non animali; 2 μg / ml arachidonico; 10 μg / ml di
acido linoleico; 10 μg / ml di acido linolenico; 10 μg / ml di acido miristico;10 μg / ml di
acido oleico; 10 μg / ml di acido palmitico; 10 μg / ml di acido stearico; 0,22 mg / ml di
colesterolo dalla lana di pecora della Nuova Zelanda; 2,2 mg / ml di Tween-80; 70 μg /
ml di tocoferolo acetato) ripristina l’espressione di PPARγ e l'accumulo di lipidi. In
secondo luogo, GMG-43AC in entrambe le concentrazioni (0,5 mM e 2 mM) ha inibito
l'accumulo di lipidi e ha mostrato una significativa diminuzione nell'espressione di geni
specifici degli adipociti, come PPARγ, FABP-4 anche dopo la completa differenziazione
di hADSC derivati da lipoaspirati . Ciò suggerisce che i composti dietetici sono fattori
importanti nel differenziamento adipocitario e la dieta ha una grande influenza nella
progressione e nella prevenzione di molte malattie metaboliche, tra cui l'obesità e il
cancro.Metabolic syndrome is associated with many complications especially leading to life threatening disorders such as obesity and cancer. To be able to identify solutions and natural treatments, we need to investigate the underlying causes of this syndrome. Nutrition is one important factor to consider in the prevention and treatment of the metabolic syndrome. Nutrition effects almost all metabolism mechanisms in the human body. One provident effect of nutrition is adiposity. Over the recent years, an interest was noted to studying adipogenesis in relation to obesity. Different factors affect adipogenesis including natural dietary compounds to help decrease adiposity, therefore the risk of developing obesity and later on obesity related diseases such as breast cancer. To be able to study this correlation in-vitro, a wide choice of cell models can be used. Human adipose derived mesenchymal cells (hADSCs) are one of the top choices used to study adipogenesis overcoming the limitations that other cell models have in their applicability to humans regarding the prevailing difference in their metabolism and physiology. In this study, the aim was to study adipogenesis using hADSCs in presence of dietary compounds such as lipids and GMG-43AC, a natural selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor g (PPAR g) modulator, that seems to have a positive effect on inhibiting adipogenesis in murine 3T3-L1 cells. We wanted to investigate further on its application on human cell models and try to understand its mechanism in inhibiting this phenomenon. The protocols were set up using the THP-1 cell line, which we noticed upon using a Lipid mixture cocktail (Composition: Non-animal fatty acids; 2 μg/ml arachidonic; 10 μg/ml linoleic acid; 10 μg/ml linolenic acid: 10 μg/ml myristic acid; 10 μg/ml oleic acid; 10 μg/ml palmitic acid; 10 μg/ml stearic acid; 0.22 mg/ml cholesterol from New Zealand sheep′s wool; 2.2 mg/ml Tween-80; 70 μg/ml tocopherol acetate), a decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-1b. We also noticed a doseIV dependent increase of FABP-4. Our findings regarding hADSCs, that PPARγ expression and lipid accumulation was restored upon the presence of lipid mixture in breast cancer hADSCs that were derived from breast tissue. Secondly, GMG-43AC in both concentrations (0.5mM and 2mM) inhibited lipid accumulation and showed a significant decrease in the expression of adipocyte-specific genes, such as PPARγ and FABP-4 even after the full differentiation of hADSCs that were derived from lipoaspirates. This suggests that dietary compounds are important factors in adipose differentiation and diet has a big influence in the progression and prevention in many metabolic diseases, such as obesity and cancer.
2
Hafner, Anne-Laure. "Étude des progéniteurs adipeux dérivés des cellules souches pluripotentes induites humaines." Thesis, Nice, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NICE4062.
Full textAbstract:
Chez les mammifères, on distingue principalement deux types de tissu adipeux (TA) : le TA blanc permet le stockage de l’énergie alors que le TA brun est spécialisé dans la thermogénèse induisant une dépense énergétique. Aujourd’hui, un troisième type d’adipocyte, nommé beige/ brite, est également reconnu. Ces cellules recrutées au sein du TA blanc, possèdent le même potentiel que les adipocytes bruns. L’identification des voies de signalisation permettant de réguler le développement des adipocytes blancs, beiges et bruns reste encore aujourd’hui à être déterminée. La génération des cellules souches pluripotentes induites (hiPS) a permis d’établir un nouveau modèle d’étude des étapes précoces de l’adipogénèse humaine. Nous avons démontré que la génération des progéniteurs adipeux (PA) blancs et bruns est régulée par la voie de l’acide rétinoïque pendant la différenciation in-vitro des cellules hiPS. La caractérisation moléculaire de ces deux types de PA a révélé l’implication du facteur Pax3 dans l’acquisition du phénotype brun. Au cours de cette étude, nous avons constaté que les PA dérivés de cellules hiPS (hiPSC-PA) présentaient un faible potentiel adipocytaire. Nous avons identifiés les facteurs permettant de différencier avec une forte efficacité les hiPSC-PA comprenant l’EGF, l’acide ascorbique, l’hydrocortisone et l’inhibiteur de la voie du TGFβ, le SB 431542. Lors d’expériences préliminaires, nous avons analysé l’effet de la surexpression du facteur HOXC8 sur la différenciation des PA. L’expression ectopique de ce facteur conduit à des réponses distinctes sur le phénotype et la différenciation des hiPSC-PA et ceux provenant de tissus adultesIn mammals, two types of adipose tissue coexist: the white (WAT) wich is involved in energy storage and the brown (BAT) which is specialized in energy expenditure. Beige adipocytes have recently been described as brown –like adipocytes and represent a third type of adipocytes that are recruited in WAT. The molecular mechanisms involved in the generation of these different types of adipocytes remains unknow in humans, mainly because of the lack of appropriate in vitro cellular models. The human induced Pluripotent Stem (hips) cells are a good model to study the earliest steps of human adipogenesis. We have shown that the generation of white and brown adipocytes progenitors (AP) is regulated by acid retinoic signaling pathway during hips cells differentiation. Functional experiments indicated that the transcription factor Pax3 is a molecular mediator of the brown phenotype. During this study, we could see that AP derived from hips cells display a low adipogenic capacity as compared to progenitors derived from adult adipose tissue. We show in this work that treatment with TGFβ pathway inhibitor SB431542 together with ascorbic acid, hydrocortisone and EGF promoted differentiation of non- genetically modified hiPSCs-BAPs at a high rate. During preliminary results, we have analyzed the role of the transcription factor Hoxc8 on PA differentiation. The surexpression of this factor lead to distinct answers on the phenotype and differentiation between hiPSCs-AP and adult-derived AP
3
Yarmo, Michelle Nada. "The anti-adipogenic effect of macrophage-conditioned medium on on 3T3-L1 and human adipogenesis." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28322.
Full textAbstract:
Macrophages accumulate in the adipose tissue of obese rodents and humans. We and others have reported that macrophage-secreted factors inhibit adipogenesis. This study aims to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying this inhibitory effect. Murine 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were differentiated with medium conditioned by murine J774 macrophages (J774-MacCM) or human THP-1 macrophages (THP-1-MacCM). Clonal expansion, an early required adipogenic event, was inhibited by both MacCMs Rb phosphorylation, required for cell cycle progression, was impaired by J774-MacCM. To expand our studies to a more physiological setting, human abdominal subcutaneous preadipocytes were differentiated with THP-1-MacCM or with conditioned medium from blood monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM-CM) activated with LPS. The IKKbeta/NF-kappabeta pathway appeared to be required for the THP-1 MacCM anti-adipogenic effect. Furthermore, human preadipocytes differentiated in MDM-CM (LPS) displayed a distinct morphology, altered fibronectin expression, as well as reduced lipid accumulation and expression of adipogenic markers. These studies suggest that macrophage-secreted factors impair proximal events in the adipogenic program.
4
Carvalho, Polliane Morais de 1981. "Evaluation of masticatory, salivary and anthropometric function, presence of volatile sulphur compounds in young adults and changes in salivary gland pos adipogenesis induction in animal model = Avaliação da função mastigatória, salivar, antropométrica, presença de compostos sulfurados voláteis em adultos jovens e alterações em glândula salivar após indução de adipogênese em modelo animal." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/287939.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Maria Beatriz Duarte GaviãoTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-26T13:36:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carvalho_PollianeMoraisde_D.pdf: 2230005 bytes, checksum: a03e416e657adde52ad89b778975278c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014
Resumo: Este estudo investigou a função mastigatória, o paladar, a presença de compostos sulfurados voláteis (CSV) e a bioquímica salivar em sujeitos saudáveis (18-33 anos), e a indução de adipócitos em glândula salivar e suas implicações em modelo animal. Três estudos foram conduzidos, apresentados na forma de capítulos. Capítulo 1: Investigou a performance e habilidade mastigatória, paladar e a possível relação com gênero, índice de massa corporal (IMC), circunferência de cintura (CC) e fluxo salivar estimulado (Stim) e não estimulado (Unst). Foram avaliados 171 indivíduos, (125? 46?). A performance mastigatória foi determinada pela capacidade de fragmentação do Optocal plus e habilidade mastigatória com o uso da escala visual analógica (EVA). O paladar foi verificado pela percepção dos quatro sabores primários. A estatística descritiva, teste de normalidade, correlação, comparação e modelos de regressão foram utilizados, sendo as variáveis dependentes a função mastigatória e o paladar e as independentes: gênero, idade, variáveis antropométricas e fluxo salivar. Na análise de regressão linear múltipla, as variáveis independentes não predisseram o modelo para performance mastigatória. Com a habilidade mastigatória (HM) o modelo explicou 14% da variabilidade e para o paladar 5%. Os resultados indicaram que a performance não foi relacionada com parâmetros antropométricos e salivares em indivíduos jovens saudáveis. A habilidade foi relacionada com IMC, CC e gênero. O paladar foi fracamente relacionado ao IMC e CC. Capítulo 2: Verificou a bioquímica salivar e presença de CSV e a possível interferência do IMC, fluxo e pH stim/unst. Para a verificação dos CSV foram avaliados 71 voluntários (57? 14 ?), utilizando o aparelho Oral chromeTM. Foram determinadas as concentrações de proteína total, cálcio, fosfato, amilase e ureia em 171 voluntários (125? 46 ?), em saliva stim/unst. A bioquímica salivar foi semelhante em relação à antropometria. No entanto, as respectivas concentrações diferiram significativamente entre saliva Stim/Unst, com exceção da amilase. Os indivíduos apresentaram quantidades semelhantes de CSV em relação ao IMC. Em indivíduos com valores críticos de metilmercaptana (CH3SH) observou-se correlação significativa (r=0.51) com o pH (unst). Capítulo 3: Investigou o eventual aparecimento de adipócitos nas glândulas salivares em modelo animal (camundongos). A adipogênese foi realizada com dieta rica em gordura, e ainda via receptor de proliferadores de peroxissoma gamma (PPAR gama) com rosiglitazona. Western blot, histoquímica e imunoistoquímica foram utilizadas. Análise de microarray foi realizada para verificar o efeito da dieta. Anticorpos: fosfo-4E BP1 e tirosina hidroxilase marcaram a atividade de mTOR e nervos, respectivamente. O microarray mostrou um número significativo de alterações genéticas. Em relação à dieta observou-se baixa ou nenhuma expressão de fosfo 4E-BP1 e aumento na atividade de tirosina hidroxilase. Em camundongos tratados com rosiglitazona verificou-se ativação de mTOR e tirosina hidroxilase. Conclusão: Pelos resultados dos três capítulos concluiu-se que em indivíduos jovens e saudáveis a função mastigatória e paladar não foram influenciados pelo padrão salivar e foram fracamente relacionados ao antropométrico. A bioquímica salivar e presença de CSV foi semelhante em relação à antropometria. Observaram-se mudanças relacionadas à atividade do sistema nervoso em glândula salivar de camundongos devido à dieta rica em gordura ou ativação de PPAR gamma
Abstract: This study investigated masticatory function, the presence of volatile sulfur compounds (VSC) and salivary biochemistry in healthy subjects (18-33 years), and also the induction of adipocytes in the salivary gland and its implication in an animal model. Three studies were conducted, presented as chapters. Chapter 1: Investigated the performance and chewing ability, taste, and the possible relationship to gender, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and stimulated salivary flow (Stim) and unstimulated (Unst). 171 individuals (125? 46?) were evaluated. Masticatory performance was determined by the ability of fragmentation Optocal plus and chewing ability with the use of visual analogue scale (VAS). Taste was verified by the perception of the four primary flavors. Descriptive statistics, normality tests, correlation, comparison and multiple linear regression models were used. In multiple linear regression performance was not predict by the independent variables in the model. With chewing ability the model explained 14% of variability and 5% for the taste. The results indicated that masticatory performance was not related to anthropometric parameters and saliva in healthy young subjects. The ability was related to BMI, WC and Gender. Taste was weakly related to BMI and WC. Chapter 2: Verify the salivary biochemistry and presence of VSC and the possible influence of BMI, flow and pH (Stim)/(Unst). For the verification of VSC 71 volunteers (14 57? ?) were assessed using the Oral chromeTM device. The concentrations of: total protein, calcium, phosphate, urea and amylase were investigated in 171 volunteers (46 125? ?) in saliva (Stim) / (Unst). Biochemical salivary were similar in respect of anthropometry. However, the concentrations differed significantly between saliva (Stim)/(Unst), with the exception of amylase. The sample presented similar amounts of CSV in relation to BMI. In individuals with critical values of methylmercaptan (CH3SH) we observed a significant correlation (r = 0:51) with pH Unst. The results indicate that in healthy young subjects salivary biochemistry and VSC exhibit similar behaviour in relation to BMI. The (CH3SH) when greater than the normal limit concentration was correlated to pH Unst. Chapter 3: We investigated the possible appearance of adipocytes in the salivary glands in animal model (mice). Adipogenesis was performed with high-fat diet, and also via peroxisome proliferator-gamma (PPAR gamma) with rosiglitazone . Western blot, histochemistry and immunohistochemistry were used. Microarray analysis was performed to assess the effect of diet. Antibodies: phospho-4E-BP1 and tyrosine hydroxylase marked mTOR and nerves activity, respectively. The microarray showed a large number of genetic changes. Regarding diet was observed low or no expression of phospho-4E-BP1 and an increase in tyrosine hydroxylase activity. In mice treated with rosiglitazone there was activation of mTOR and tyrosine hydroxylase. The results suggest that there are changes in salivary gland innervation before stimuli for adipogenesis. Conclusion: We concluded that in healthy young individuals masticatory function was not influenced by the salivary pattern and was weakly related to anthropometric. Salivary Biochemical and presence of CSV was similar in relation to anthropometry. There are alterations in the activity of the nervous system in the salivary glands of mice due high fat diet or activation of PPAR gamma
Doutorado
Anatomia
Doutora em Biologia Buco-Dental
5
Guo, Heng. "Glucocorticoid induced leucine zipper is required for adipogenesis and is a target for the anti-adipogenic activities of oncostatin m." Thesis, Boston University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/11007.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston UniversityFat cell development is a dynamic cellular transition process in which committed preadipocytes convert to adipocytes. The initial goal of my research was to identify repressed gene programs in adipogenesis, and to test the hypothesis that these repressed gene programs suppress adipogenesis. Using microarray analyses of 3T3-L1 cells, we found that the expression of gene programs, most notably cytokines/chemokines, correlated inversely with the differentiation state. We analyzed the effect of different components of the adipogenic hormonal cocktail in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. It was found that dexamethasone (Dex) acting through the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) was a major suppressor of the cytokine expression. In our efforts to characterize roles for glucocorticoid signaling in adipogenesis, we found that glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ), a target of GR, was required for adipogenesis in both 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and C3H10T1/2 mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). We also showed that GILZ was required for bone morphogenic protein 4 (BMP4)-induced white adipocyte differentiation and BMP7-induced brown differentiation in C3H10T1/2 MSCs. In a gain-of-function study, GILZ overexpression (OE) had minimal effects on normal adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, but increased adipogenic gene expression in C3H10T1/2 MSCs. Oncostatin M (OSM) is an anti-adipogenic cytokine. When exploring mechanisms governing the anti-adipogenic activity of OSM and testing the hypothesis that GILZ is a target for OSM, we found that while OSM inhibited the expression of endogenous GILZ, ectopically expressed GILZ overrode OSM's effect in suppressing adipocyte development, suggesting GILZ is a target of the anti-adipogenic activity of OSM. During our studies to find signaling pathways regulating the interplay between GILZ and OSM, we found that OSM induced both ERK and STAT5 phosphorylation, but only inhibition of ERK activity by U0126 partially abolished OSM's inhibition on GILZ expression. Taken together, we identified a cytokine/chemokine program that is downregulated in adipogenesis. Dex-GR-GILZ signaling pathway played an essential role in suppressing the cytokine program and is required for adipogenesis. OSM inhibited adipogenesis by suppressing expression of GILZ, which is mediated by the activation of ERK phosphorylation. These findings highlighted the critical role of GILZ m adipogenesis and can contribute to combating metabolic disorders such as obesity.
6
SILVESTRINI, ANDREA. "Anti-inflammatory and anti-adipogenic activity of olive leaf extract and its bioactive compounds." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/11566/299341.
Full textAbstract:
Le foglie d’olivo sono un materiale di scarto dell’industria dell’olio di oliva, uno degli alimenti alla base della
dieta mediterranea. Negli ultimi anni la ricerca scientifica si è soffermata sulla possibilità di un riutilizzo di
questo materiale data la sua ricchezza di composti bioattivi potenzialmente applicabili in ambito
biomedico.
Lo scopo di questo studio è stato quello di caratterizzare e valutare l’effetto anti-infiammatorio e anti-
adipogenico di un estratto acquoso di foglie di olivo (OLE). L’estratto, prodotto nel nostro laboratorio a
partire da foglie essiccate raccolte da coltivazioni senza uso di diserbanti e pesticidi, è stato caratterizzato
per il contenuto di composti fenolici (569,5±22,142 µg/mL in termini di Total Phenol content) per poi essere
testato in vitro su modelli cellulari di infiammazione acuta e cronica e differenziamento adipogenico. In
particolare l’effetto in acuto è stato analizzato in colture primarie di cellule umane endoteliali (Human
umbilical vein endothelial cell, HUVEC) e in una linea monocitica umana (THP1) trattate con LPS. I risultati
ottenuti mostrano una riduzione sia della tempesta citochinica che dell’espressione delle molecole di
adesione, la cui funzione nel processo infiammatorio è quella di favorire l’ulteriore reclutamento di cellule
infiammatorie nel circolo. Le stesse HUVEC, ma in senescenza replicativa, sono state studiate come modello
di infiammatoria cronica, l “inflammaging” che a sua volta è associata all’insorgenza delle malattie età-
associate. Anche in questo caso l’estratto inibisce la produzione di quelle citochine che caratterizzano il
fenotipo SASP (Senescence associated secretory phenotype). Infine, dato che l’accumulo del grasso
midollare è una caratteristica comune in diverse patologie legate all’invecchiamento, e che il tessuto
adoposo contribuisce allo stato infiammatorio sistemico dell’organismo, abbiamo valutato se l’estratto di
foglie di olivo fosse in grado di inibire il differenziamento delle cellule stromali midollari umane (MSC) in
senso adipogenico. Anche in questo caso abbiamo ottenuto risultati promettenti. In una seconda fase
abbiamo analizzato sugli stessi modelli anche gli effetti di diversi principi attivi contenuti in OLE e purificati
nel laboratorio diretto dal Prof Antonio Procopio dell’Università Magna Graecia, uno dei principali esperti al
mondo sui principi attivi dell’olivo. Due di questi, l’oleaceina e l’oleuropeina-aglicone hanno effetti simili a
quelli dell’estratto totale anche se quest ultimo è sempre più efficace del singolo principio attivo.
La ricerca proseguirà col testare gli effetti di questi stessi principi attivi microincapsulati in particelle di
materiali biocompatibili e mucoadesive (chitosano o acido ialuronico) da somminsitrare per areosol a
soggetti con Covid al fine di ridurre la tempesta citochinica secondo quanto descritto nel progetto FISR2020
finanziato dal MUR, responsabile Prof.ssa Rippo, e di cui sono partecipante.
Questo studio rappresenta infatti un primo passo relativo alla possibilità di poter considerare l’impiego di
OLE e dei suoi composti come possibili coadiuvanti nelle terapie per diverse patologie sia acute che
croniche. I risultati positivi ottenuti in modelli di infiammazione, senescenza e accumulo di grasso
midollare, sono incoraggianti e stimolanti per proseguire la ricerca, confermare ed espandere le possibili
implicazioni pratiche dell’uso di prodotti naturali per supportare il trattamento di diverse condizioni
patologiche.Olive leaves are a waste material from the olive oil industry, one of the staple foods of the Mediterranean diet. In recent years, scientific research has focused on the possibility of reusing this material because of its wealth of bioactive compounds that can be potentially applied in the biomedical field. the aim of this study was to characterise and evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anti-adipogenic effect of an aqueous olive leaf extract (OLE). The extract, produced in our laboratory from dried leaves harvested from herbicide- and pesticide-free cultivations, was characterised for its phenolic compound content (569.5±22.142 µg/mL in terms of Total Phenol content) and then tested on in vitro cellular models of acute and chronic inflammation and adipogenic differentiation. In particular, the acute effect was analysed in primary cultures of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and in a human monocytic line (THP1) treated with LPS. The results obtained show a reduction in both the cytokine storm and the expression of adhesion molecules, whose function in the inflammatory process is to promote further recruitment of inflammatory cells into the circulation. The same HUVECs, but in replicative senescence, have been studied as a model of chronic inflammation, 'inflammaging' which in turn is associated with the onset of age- related diseases. Again, the extract inhibits the production of cytokines that characterise the SASP (Senescence associated secretory phenotype). Finally, given that accumulation of bone marrow fat is a common feature of several age-related diseases, and that adoptive tissue contributes to the body's systemic inflammatory state, we assessed whether OLE could inhibit the differentiation of human bone marrow stromal cells (MSCs) in an adipogenic direction. Again, we obtained promising results. In a second phase, we also analysed the effects of several active compounds contained in OLE and purified in the laboratory directed by Prof Antonio Procopio of the Magna Graecia University, one of the world's leading experts on olive tree active compounds. Two of these, oleacein and oleuropein-aglycone, have effects similar to those of the total extract, although the latter is always more effective than the single active compound. The research will continue by testing the effects of these same active ingredients microencapsulated in particles of biocompatible and mucoadhesive materials (chitosan or hyaluronic acid) that can be administered by areosol to subjects with Covid in order to reduce the cytokine storm as described in the FISR2020 project funded by the MUR, responsible Prof. ssa Rippo, and in which I am a participant. This study represents a first step towards the possibility of considering the use of OLE and its compounds as possible adjuvants in therapies for various acute and chronic diseases. The positive results obtained in models of inflammation, senescence and bone marrow fat accumulation are encouraging and stimulating for further research, confirming and expanding the possible practical implications of using natural products to support the treatment of different pathological conditions.
7
Arçari, Demétrius Paiva 1978. "Avaliação da erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis) na adipogênese e sinalização da insulina." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/317039.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Marcelo Lima RibeiroTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T09:55:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Arcari_DemetriusPaiva_D.pdf: 3728122 bytes, checksum: 75f31faf86eb21f9689a8b8e60ee7e1f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011
Resumo: A obesidade e considerada um problema de saúde publica, principalmente pelo fato desta estar associada com diversas patologias como a resistência a insulina (RI). Atualmente, diversas estratégias são utilizadas visando a redução de peso corporal, dentre estas se destaca o uso de produtos de origem vegetal, incluindo a Ilex paraguariensis, cujo nome comum e erva-mate. Muitos trabalhos mostram que os compostos detectados na erva-mate possuem diferentes funções biológicas, tais como: ação antioxidante, antiinflamatória, imunomodulatoria, anticancerígena, modificação do metabolismo de colesterol, entre outros. Muito embora diversos estudos destaquem as funções biológicas da erva-mate, pouco se sabe sobre sua capacidade de modulação na expressão de genes relacionados a obesidade, e seu efeito na via de sinalização da insulina. Deste modo o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a ação do extrato aquoso de erva-mate tostado no processo de adipogênese e sua ação nos mecanismos de sinalização da insulina. Os dados do presente trabalho mostram que a erva-mate na concentração de 1,0g/kg em animais submetidos a dieta hiperlipídica aumentou a expressão de diferentes genes responsáveis pela ativação da AKT, reduziu a translocação nuclear de NF-kB e FOXO1, reduziu a expressão PEPCK e G6Pase ligados ao processo de gliconeogênese no tecido hepático. Os efeitos da erva-mate na sinalização da insulina foram ratificados, por analise protéica de IRS-1, IRS-2 e AKT, redução na resistência a insulina observada pelo teste do KITT e redução da glicemia basal. O presente trabalho demonstra ainda em cultura celular de 3T3-L1 que a erva-mate e alguns de seus principais compostos bioativos (ácido clorogênico, rutina e quercetina), possuem ação mais expressiva na etapa de diferenciação do adipócito e atuam modulando distintos genes relacionados ao processo de diferenciação do adipócitos. O trabalho ainda sugere que a erva-mate possa atuar in vitro e ex vivo de maneira mais expressiva na redução da adipogênese através da via WNT, visto pelo aumento da expressão de diferentes genes relacionados com essa via. O resultado final da ativação desta via e a repressão significativa de PPARy2 e C/EBP'alfa', principais fatores de transcrição necessários para que ocorra a etapa final do processo de diferenciação dos adipócitos, contribuindo assim para elucidar a redução do peso corpóreo e da gordura epididimal observada nos animais submetidos a dieta hiperlipídica tratados com erva-mate durante 60 dias, que por sua vez reduz a produção de citocinas, em especial o TNF-'alfa', contribuindo parcialmente para a melhora do quadro de sinalização a insulina observado apos intervenção
Abstract: Obesity is a problem of public health, mainly because it is associated with many conditions such especially insulin resistance (IR). Currently, several strategies have been used in order to reduce the total body weight, among these there is a growing evidence supporting the use of products of plant origin, including the Ilex paraguariensis, whose common name is yerba mate. Various studies have shown that the compounds found in yerba mate has several biological functions, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anticancer, modification of cholesterol metabolism and others. Although several studies highlight the biological functions of yerba mate, there are lack of evidence providing their ability to modulate expression of genes related to obesity and its effect on the insulin signaling pathway. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of yerba mate in gene expression that regulate adipogenesis and insulin signaling pathway. Our data showed yerba mate (1,0 g/kg) in animals subjected to high fat diet, increased different gene expression responsible for the activation of the AKT, reduction of FOXO1 and NF-kB nuclear translocation, reduction gene expression of PEPCK and G6Pase involved in gluconeogenesis process in liver. The effects of yerba mate in insulin signaling was confirmed by IRS-1, IRS-2 and AKT protein analysis, reduction in insulin test tolerance by KITT and reduction in glucose. Our data also showed in 3T3-L1 cell culture that yerba mate and some of its major bioactive compounds (chlorogenic acid, rutin and quercetin), act in an early stage of adipocyte differentiation and modulate different gene expression that regulate adipogenesis. Additionally, yerba mate can act in vitro and ex vivo in WNT pathway, seen by the increased expression of different genes in this pathway resulting in a significant repression of C/EBP'alfa' and PPARy2, the most important transcription factors essencial for the occurrence of adipocyte differentiation. This findings collaborate to elucidate the reduction of body weight and epididymal fat observed in animals subjected to high fat diet treated with yerba mate for 60 days, which reduces the production of cytokines, particularly TNF-'alfa', contributing partially to the improvement in insulin signaling observed after intervention
Doutorado
Genetica Animal e Evolução
Doutor em Genetica e Biologia Molecular
8
Pastel, Emilie. "Rôles des aldose réductases dans l'homéostasie des tissus adipeux blancs humains et murins." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CLF22492/document.
Full textAbstract:
Les aldose réductases (AKR1B) sont des oxydoréductases dépendantes du NADPH initialement décrites pour leurs fonctions de détoxication cellulaire et de réduction du glucose. La découverte de l’expression d’Akr1b7 dans le tissu adipeux murin ainsi que l’activité prostaglandine F2α synthase (PGFS) spécifique de certaines isoformes suggèrent des rôles biologiques inédits pour ces enzymes. La prostaglandine F2α (PGF2α) inhibant l’adipogenèse, cette fonction PGFS met en avant l’implication des AKR1B dans la physiologie du tissu adipeux blanc (TAB). L’objectif de ces travaux était de caractériser l’expression de l’ensemble des AKR1B au sein des TAB murins et humains et de comprendre leur impact sur l’homéostasie du tissu adipeux et en particulier sur l’adipogenèse et la lipolyse. Nous avons montré que l’ensemble des AKR1B était exprimé dans le TAB murin. Akr1b3, Akr1b8 et Akr1b16 sont exprimées à la fois dans les fractions stroma‑vasculaires (contenant des cellules immunitaires, vasculaires, progénitrices…) et adipocytaires. A l’inverse, Akr1b7 n’est pas exprimé par les adipocytes. Les analyses réalisées in vitro indiquent qu’à l’exception d’Akr1b16, les isoformes murines des AKR1B voient leur expression augmenter précocement et transitoirement au cours de l’adipogenèse. Chez l’homme, l’isoforme AKR1B1 est exprimée dans le TAB sous‑cutané de patients obèses alors qu’AKR1B10 est difficilement détectable (western blot, RT‑qPCR). In vitro, l’expression d’AKR1B1 augmente tout au long de la différenciation adipocytaire contrairement à AKR1B10 qui est préférentiellement exprimé dans les cellules indifférenciées. L’utilisation d’un inhibiteur spécifique des AKR1B montre que l’activité PGFS d’AKR1B1 constitue un frein à l’adipogenèse. Nous montrons aussi que les mécanismes régulant l’action de la PGF2α diffèrent en fonction des espèces. Chez l’homme, l’expression du récepteur FP est régulée dans le temps alors que dans les cellules murines, c’est l’expression des PGFS et donc la synthèse de PGF2α qui définit, au cours de l’adipogenèse, la fenêtre d’action de cette prostaglandine. Les souris invalidées pour la PGFS Akr1b7 présentent une diminution des quantités intra‑tissulaires en PGF2α associée à une expansion accrue de leurs tissus adipeux due à une augmentation de l’adipogenèse et à une hypertrophie adipocytaire sans modification de l’expression des enzymes impliquées dans la lipogenèse (Volat et al., 2012). Ces données en accord avec le rôle anti‑adipogénique de la PGF2α suggèrent aussi une action sur la lipolyse. Nous démontrons ici que la perte d’Akr1b7 entraîne une diminution de l’activité lipolytique du TAB. L’utilisation de cellules murines (3T3‑L1) et humaines (hMADS) différenciées en adipocytes, nous a permis de montrer que la stimulation de l’activité lipolytique suite à l’activation du récepteur FP résultait en partie d’une augmentation de la phosphorylation de HSL (forme active) et de l’accumulation de la lipase ATGL. Le troisième volet de ce travail de thèse a consisté à caractériser un modèle de souris transgénique surexprimant AKR1B1 dans le TAB (souris aP2‑AKR1B1) afin d’étudier le rôle biologique de cette isoforme humaineAldose reductases are NADPH-dependent oxydoreductases described for their involvement in cellular detoxification and glucose reduction. The discovery of Akr1b7 expression in murine adipose tissue together with the prostaglandin F2α Synthase (PGFS) activity of some isoforms suggest unreleased biological roles for these enzymes. Prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) inhibiting adipogenesis, this PGFS function highlights AKR1B potential involvement in white adipose tissue (WAT) physiology. This work aimed at characterising the expression of all AKR1B in both murine and human WAT and understanding their impact on adipose tissue homeostasis and especially on adipogenesis and lipolysis. We showed that all AKR1B were expressed in murine WAT. Akr1b3, Akr1b8 and Akr1b16 were both expressed in the stromal vascular fraction (containing immune cells, vascular cells, progenitors…) and in the adipose fraction. In contrast, Akr1b7 was not expressed in adipocytes. In vitro analyses indicated that, except for Akr1b16, murine AKR1B isoform expression increased early and transiently during adipogenesis. In human, AKR1B1 was expressed in human subcutaneous WAT from obese patients whereas AKR1B10 was hardly detectable (western blot, RT‑qPCR). In vitro, AKR1B1 expression increased throughout adipocyte differentiation unlike AKR1B10, which was preferentially expressed in undifferentiated cells. Using an AKR1B specific inhibitor, we demonstrated that AKR1B1 PGFS activity was a dampen to adipogenesis. We also showed that mechanisms regulating PGF2α action differed according to the species. In human cells, the expression of FP receptor was time-regulated whereas, in murine cells, PGFS expression and thus, PGF2α synthesis, limited PGF2α activity during adipogenesis. Akr1b7 knockout mice have decreased PGF2α intratissular levels associated with an expansion of adipose tissue resulting from an increase of adipogenesis and an adipocyte hypertrophia without any modification of lipogenic enzymes expression (Volat et al., 2012). These data, in agreement with PGF2α anti-adipogenic action, suggest an impact on lipolysis. We demonstrated that loss of Akr1b7 led to a decrease of WAT lipolytic activity. The use of murine (3T3‑L1) and human (hMADS) differentiated cells allowed us to show that the stimulation of lipolysis in response to FP activation was, in part, due to an increase of HSL phosphorylation (active form) and an increase of ATGL accumulation. The third part of this work consisted in characterizing the phenotype of transgenic mice overexpressing AKR1B1 in WAT (aP2‑AKR1B1 mice) in order to study the biological role of this human isoform
9
MacKay, Maria-Danielle L. "Characterization of Medullary and Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Adipocytes." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1232775772.
Full text
10
Barlette, Adriana Gregory. "Avaliação química e biológica do extrato hidroetanólico de erva-mate (ilex paraguariensis a. st. hil.)." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/31784.
Full textAbstract:
Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil., conhecida como erva-mate, é uma árvore nativa da América do Sul onde as folhas e pequenos ramos secos são usados para preparar o chimarrão. Possui uma composição química complexa, da qual pode-se vislumbrar muitas aplicações potenciais, que poderiam vir a ampliar o emprego da erva-mate e, conseqüentemente, do mercado para esta matériaprima. As folhas de I. paraguariensis contem xantinas, flavonóides, derivados do ácido cafeoilquínico e uma quantidade significativa de saponinas triterpenóides (cerca de 10%). Neste estudo foram investigados quimicamente extratos hidroetanólicos de I. paraguariensis, de suas frações, e de algumas substâncias de referência, como também os efeitos desses na atividade antioxidante, no acúmulo de gordura (TG) e na atividade lipolítica em cultura de células 3T3-L1. Neste sentido obtivemos extratos brutos hidroetanólicos de folhas verdes (EBV) e secas (EBS) maceradas, os quais foram fracionados originando 8 frações. Ácido ursólico, ácido clorogênico e rutina foram quantificados por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE). Também foi realizada a determinação de fenóis por catequinas e pela precipitação por proteínas. A fração fenólicos da folha verde apresentou atividade antioxidante superior às substâncias de referência rutina e ácido clorogênico, enquanto que o ácido ascórbico apresentou a melhor atividade. O ensaio com brometo de 3- (4,5-dimetil)difenil tetrazólio (MTT) demonstrou que os extratos e padrões testados entre 50 μg/mL e 1000 μg/mL não foram citotóxicos para as células 3T3-L1. Dentre as frações testadas para a atividade na adipogênese, a fração resíduo aquoso da folha verde (RAV) apresentou maior inibição (24%) no teor de TG na concentração de 100 μg/mL. Dentre as substâncias de referência testadas, os melhores resultados foram obtidos com o ácido caféico nas concentrações de 300 μg/mL e da rutina na concentração de 100 μg/mL. Em relação à ativividade na lipólise, a fração RAV apresentou o melhor resultado nas concentrações de 50 e 75 μg/mL. Entre as substâncias de referência, o ácido gálico apresentou resultado significativo em relação à atividade antilipolítica nas concentrações de 500 e 1000 μg/mL. Para elucidar em qual estágio da adipogênese e da lipólise os extratos, frações e padrões atuam, são necessários a investigação da avaliação da ação desses extratos e frações através de análise de expressão de genes ligados a adipogênese e a atividade lipolítica.Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil., known as maté, is a native tree from South América which leaves and twigs are used to prepare the traditional beverage “chimarrão”. It has a complex chemical composition that might have many potential applications in order to increase the use of maté and then, in consequence, increase the market demand of this raw material. Leaves from I. paraguariensis have xanthines, flavonoids, cafeoylquinic acid derivatives and triterpenoid saponins (ca. 10%). Herein, it was investigated, both chemically and biologically, the hydroethanolic extracts of leaves from I. paraguariensis, its fractions, and some reference substances, as the antioxidant activity, the adipogenesis (TG) and lipolytic activities in 3T3-L1 cell culture. So, it was prepared hydroethanolic extracts of fresh (EBV) and dried leaves (EBS) by maceration, which submitted to further fractionation furnished 8 fractions. Ursolic acid, chlorogenic acid and rutin were determined in these samples by liquid chromatography (HPLC) Also, phenolic constituents were determined using catequines and protein precipitation methods. The phenolic fraction from fresh leaves presented better antioxidant activity than the tested reference substances (rutin and chlorogenic acid), while ascorbic acid presented the best activity. The MTT assay showed that the tested extracts and fractions among 50 μg/mL and 1000 μg/mL did not present citotoxicity to 3T3-L1 cells. Among the tested fractions to adipogenesis, the aqueous residue fraction from fresh leaves (RAV) presented best inibition (24%) of TG at 100 μg/mL. Among tested reference substances, cafeic acid at 300 μg/mL, and rutin at 100 μg/mL presented the best results. In relation to the lipolytic activity, the RAV fraction presented best results at 50 e 75 μg/mL and, among the tested reference substances, galic acid presented best results at 500 e 1000 μg/mL. In order to understand the mechanim of action of these fractions and reference substances at the adipogenesis and lipolysis further studies will be performed specially those about the influence on the gene expression.
Books on the topic "Adipogensi"
1
Hoepner, Lori A. Bisphenol A Exposure, Adipogenic Mechanism and Effect on Childhood Adiposity. [New York, N.Y.?]: [publisher not identified], 2015.
Find full text
2
Martin-Carli, Jayne Frances. RPGRIP1L and FTO – genes implicated in the effects of FTO intronic sequence variants on food intake – also affect adipogenesis and adipocyte biology. [New York, N.Y.?]: [publisher not identified], 2017.
Find full text
3
Schädlich, Kristina. DEHP and PCB: Einfluss Auf Die Kardiomyogenese und Adipogenese. Südwestdeutscher Verlag für Hochschulschriften AG & Company KG, 2014.
Find full text
4
Lin, Yunfeng, and Xiaoxiao Cai. Adipogenesis: Signaling Pathways, Molecular Regulation and Impact on Human Disease. Nova Science Publishers, Incorporated, 2013.
Find full text
5
Cao, Yihai. Angiogenesis in Adipose Tissue. Springer, 2013.
Find full text
6
Cao, Yihai. Angiogenesis in Adipose Tissue. Springer London, Limited, 2013.
Find full text
7
Cao, Yihai. Angiogenesis in Adipose Tissue. Springer New York, 2016.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Adipogensi"
1
Böning, Dieter, Michael I. Lindinger, Damian M. Bailey, Istvan Berczi, Kameljit Kalsi, José González-Alonso, David J. Dyck, et al. "Adipogenesis." In Encyclopedia of Exercise Medicine in Health and Disease, 21. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-29807-6_2033.
Full text
2
Engin, Ayse Basak. "MicroRNA and Adipogenesis." In Obesity and Lipotoxicity, 489–509. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48382-5_21.
Full text
3
Hausman, G. J., D. E. Jewell, and E. J. Hentges. "Endocrine Regulation of Adipogenesis." In Animal Growth Regulation, 49–68. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-8872-2_3.
Full text
4
Lo, Pang-Kuo, Benjamin Wolfson, and Qun Zhou. "Adipogenesis and Noncoding RNAs." In Handbook of Nutrition, Diet, and Epigenetics, 623–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55530-0_41.
Full text
5
Lo, Pang-Kuo, Benjamin Wolfson, and Qun Zhou. "Adipogenesis and Noncoding RNAs." In Handbook of Nutrition, Diet, and Epigenetics, 1–23. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31143-2_41-1.
Full text
6
Mehta, Frea, Ruud Theunissen, and Mark J. Post. "Adipogenesis from Bovine Precursors." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 111–25. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-8897-6_8.
Full text
7
Munsakul, Natee, and Rebecca S. Bahn. "Adipogenesis and TSH Receptor Expression." In Thyroid Eye Disease, 37–44. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1447-3_3.
Full text
8
Larsen, Therese Juhlin, Naja Zenius Jespersen, and Camilla Scheele. "Adipogenesis in Primary Cell Culture." In Brown Adipose Tissue, 73–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/164_2018_142.
Full text
9
White, Ursula A., and Yourka D. Tchoukalova. "Adipose Stem Cells and Adipogenesis." In Adipose Tissue and Adipokines in Health and Disease, 15–32. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-770-9_2.
Full text
10
Schneider, Sven, and Bärbel Holzwarth. "Ansätze zur Beseitigung adipogener Umwelten." In Handbuch Essstörungen und Adipositas, 587–93. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-63544-5_74.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Adipogensi"
1
Ibrahim, Khadega, Chiara Cugno, and Md Mizanur Rahman. "Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) co-treatment alleviates antidiabetic drug, rosiglitazone associated deterioration of bone remodeling." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2021.0148.
Full textAbstract:
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to decreased insulin secretion, defective action or both. The rosiglitazone (RSG) is one of the oral antidiabetic drug used in type 2 (T2) DM and has a unique insulin-sensitizing capacity. However, RSG has a negative side effect on the bone as it stimulates the differentiation of bone marrow-mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) into adipocytes at the expense of osteoblasts in the bone marrow microenvironment, disturbing the normal balance of bone remodeling and causing BM adiposity. On the other hand, the trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a fatty acid is known as anti-adipogenic, pro-osteogenic. Therefor, this study was designed to assess whether CLA can alleviate the negative effect of RSG on bone. We used adipose tissue derived-mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSCs) as a human in vitro model to study the effect of CLA, RSG and combined treatment (RSG+CLA) on the osteoblastogenic and adipogenic differentiation of AT-MSCs. Osteoblastogenesis was assessed by Alizarin Red Staining and bone mineralization was assessed by 〖"OsteoImage" 〗^TMassays, whereas adipogenesis was assessed by Oil Red O Staining and LipidTOX assays. Besides, the level of expression of osteogenic and adipogenic markers was measured on treated osteo- and adipo-differentiated MSCs using real time RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blot analysis. Compared to RSG group, the combined treatment group stimulates osteoblastogenesis, as evidenced by increased mineralization and upregulation of osteogenic markers OPN and RUNX2 and inhibits adipogenesis in osteogenic media as showed by decreased lipid content and downregulation of adipogenic markers FABP4, LPL and adipsin. In conclusion, the use of CLA as an adjunctive treatment reversed the effects of RSG on osteogenesis and adipogenesis. Further preclinical and clinical studies will be undertaken to establish this treatment regimen for the successful treatment of diabetic patients with rosiglitazone without adverse side effects on bone.
2
Cugno, Chiara, Ganesh Halade, and Md Mizanur Rahman. "Omega-3 fatty acid-rich fish oil supplementation prevents rosiglitazone-induced osteopenia in aging mice." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2021.0099.
Full textAbstract:
Rosiglitazone is an effective insulin-sensitizer, however, associated with bone loss mainly due to increased bone resorption, and bone marrow adiposity, and decreased bone formation. We investigated the effect of the co-administration of fish oil (FO) rich in omega-3 fatty acids (FAs) on rosiglitazone (RSG)-induced bone loss in aging C57BL/6 mice and the mechanisms underlying potential preventive effect. Mice fed the iso-caloric diet supplemented with fish oil exhibited significantly higher levels of bone density in different regions compared to the other groups. In the same cohort of mice, reduced activity of COX-2, enhanced activity of alkaline phosphatase, lower levels of cathepsin k, PPAR-γ, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, and a higher level of anti-inflammatory cytokines were observed. Moreover, fish oil restored rosiglitazone-induced down-regulation of osteoblast differentiation and up-regulation of adipocyte differentiation in C3H10T1/2 cells and inhibited the up-regulation of osteoclast differentiation of RANKL-treated RAW264.7 cells. We finally tested our hypothesis on human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSCs) differentiated to osteocytes and adipocytes confirming the beneficial effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) omega-3 FA during treatment with rosiglitazone, through the down-regulation of adipogenic genes, such as adipsin and FABP4 along the PPARg/FABP4 axis, and reducing the capability of osteocytes to switch toward adipogenesis. Our findings demonstrate that fish oil may prevent rosiglitazone-induced bone loss by inhibiting inflammation, osteoclastogenesis, and adipogenesis and by enhancing osteogenesis in the bone microenvironment. Further clinical studies will be undertaken to establish this treatment regimen for the successful treatment of diabetic patients with rosiglitazone without adverse side effects on bone.
3
Al-Jaber, Hend Sultan, Layla Jadea Al-Mansoori, and Mohamed Aghar Elrayess. "The Role of GATA3 in Adipogenesis & Insulin Resistance." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0143.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Impaired adipogenesis plays an important role in the development of obesityassociated insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Adipose tissue inflammation is a crucial mediator of this process. In hyperglycemia, immune system is activated partially through upregulation of GATA3, causing exacerbation of the inflammatory state associated with obesity. GATA3 also plays a role as a gatekeeper of terminal adipocyte differentiation. Here we are examining the impact of GATA3 inhibition in adipose tissue on restoring adipogenesis, reversing insulin resistance and potentially lowering the risk of type 2 diabetes. Results: GATA-3 expression was higher in insulin resistant obese individuals compared to their insulin sensitive counterparts. Targeting GATA-3 with GATA-3 specific inhibitors reversed impaired adipogenesis and induced changes in the expression of a number insulin signaling-related genes, including up-regulation of insulin sensitivity-related gene and down-regulation of insulin resistance-related genes. Conclusion: GATA3 expression is higher in differentiating adipocytes from obese insulin resistant. Inhibiting GATA3 improves adipocytes differentiation and rescues insulin sensitivity in insulin resistant cells
4
Wang, Yan, and Xiaolei Zhang. "IFN? involvement in adipogenesis of OSA patients." In ERS International Congress 2020 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2020.1336.
Full text
5
Stadion, M., F. Garcia-Carrizo, M. Jähnert, P. Gottmann, C. Quiclet, T. Schulz, and A. Schürmann. "Fatty Pancreas – Deep characterization of pancreatic adipogenic precursor cells." In Abstracts des Adipositas-Kongresses 2020 zur 36. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Adipositas Gesellschaft e.V. (DAG). © Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1714461.
Full text
6
Nuri, Bambang Prajogo, and Sukardiman. "Anti-Adipogenic Activity of Fractions of Guazuma ulmifolia Leaf." In Bromo Conference, Symposium on Natural Products and Biodiversity. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0008360902550260.
Full text
7
Roos, Julian, Hang Wu, Taner Pula, Daniel Tews, Martin Wabitsch, Klaus-Michael Debatin, and Pamela Fischer-Posovszky. "microRNA-27a – Ein wichtiger Regulator der humanen Adipogenese (#34)." In Abstracts des Adipositas-Kongresses 2022 zur 38. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Adipositas Gesellschaft e.V. DAG. Georg Thieme Verlag, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1755662.
Full text
8
Tsiklauri, Lali, Janina Werner, Klaus Frommer, Stefan Rehart, Sabine Wenisch, Ulf Müller-Ladner, and Elena Neumann. "FRI0525 DURING ADIPOGENIC DIFFERENTIATION OF MSC ON MINERALIZED BONE FRAGMENTS." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, EULAR 2019, Madrid, 12–15 June 2019. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-eular.4328.
Full text
9
Takamatsu, Hironori, Naoko Hattori, Naofumi Asano, Naoko Iida, Akihiko Yoshida, Eisuke Kobayashi, Robert Nakayama, et al. "Abstract 843: Epigenomic disruption of adipogenic regulators in dedifferentiated liposarcoma." In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2019; March 29-April 3, 2019; Atlanta, GA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-843.
Full text
10
Takamatsu, Hironori, Naoko Hattori, Naofumi Asano, Naoko Iida, Akihiko Yoshida, Eisuke Kobayashi, Robert Nakayama, et al. "Abstract 843: Epigenomic disruption of adipogenic regulators in dedifferentiated liposarcoma." In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2019; March 29-April 3, 2019; Atlanta, GA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2019-843.
Full textReports on the topic "Adipogensi"
1
Halevy, Orna, Sandra Velleman, and Shlomo Yahav. Early post-hatch thermal stress effects on broiler muscle development and performance. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7597933.bard.
Full textAbstract:
In broilers, the immediate post-hatch handling period exposes chicks to cold or hot thermal stress, with potentially harmful consequences to product quantity and quality that could threaten poultry meat marketability as a healthy, low-fat food. This lower performance includes adverse effects on muscle growth and damage to muscle structure (e.g., less protein and more fat deposition). A leading candidate for mediating the effects of thermal stress on muscle growth and development is a unique group of skeletal muscle cells known as adult myoblasts (satellite cells). Satellite cells are multipotential stem cells that can be stimulated to follow other developmental pathways, especially adipogenesis in lieu of muscle formation. They are most active during the first week of age in broilers and have been shown to be sensitive to environmental conditions and nutritional status. The hypothesis of the present study was that immediate post-hatch thermal stress would harm broiler growth and performance. In particular, growth characteristics and gene expression of muscle progenitor cells (i.e., satellite cells) will be affected, leading to increased fat deposition, resulting in long-term changes in muscle structure and a reduction in meat yield. The in vitro studies on cultured satellite cells derived from different muscle, have demonstrated that, anaerobic pectoralis major satellite cells are more predisposed to adipogenic conversion and more sensitive during myogenic proliferation and differentiation than aerobic biceps femoris cells when challenged to both hot and cold thermal stress. These results corroborated the in vivo studies, establishing that chronic heat exposure of broiler chicks at their first two week of life leads to impaired myogenicity of the satellite cells, and increased fat deposition in the muscle. Moreover, chronic exposure of chicks to inaccurate temperature, in particular to heat vs. cold, during their early posthatch periods has long-term effects of BW, absolute muscle growth and muscle morphology and meat quality. The latter is manifested by higher lipid and collagen deposition and may lead to the white striping occurrence. The results of this study emphasize the high sensitivity of muscle progenitor cells in the early posthatch period at a time when they are highly active and therefore the importance of rearing broiler chicks under accurate ambient temperatures. From an agricultural point of view, this research clearly demonstrates the immediate and long-term adverse effects on broiler muscling and fat formation due to chronic exposure to hot stress vs. cold temperatures at early age posthatch. These findings will aid in developing management strategies to improve broiler performance in Israel and the USA. BARD Report - Project4592 Page 2 of 29