Relevant bibliographies by topics / Additive technique

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Additive technique'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 25 January 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Additive technique"

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Prajapati, Devendra Kumar, and Ravinder Kumar. "Additive Manufacturing Sustainability in Industries." Advanced Science, Engineering and Medicine 12, no. 7 (July 1, 2020): 894–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/asem.2020.2647.

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Additive manufacturing (AM) is an advanced technique to fabricate a three-dimensional object while utilizing materials with minimal wastage to produce complex shape geometries. This technique has escalated practically as well as academically, resulting in a wide range of utility in the current global scenario to ease the manufacturing of complex and intricate objects with the use of various materials, depending upon the properties and availability of the same. Every industries wants to achieve the sustainability, easily can be possible through this manufacturing process. Due to the scope for a large number of design, material and processing combinations, a detailed outlook to how additive manufacturing can be optimized for a highly sustainable and standardized manufacturing practice needs to be assessed and understood. This paper discusses the core knowledge available regarding this manufacturing process and highlights the different processes related to this technique through review of various research papers. And also discuss the sustainability of important additive manufacturing process. Along with the fundamental analysis of this process, the paper also discusses the various attributes of the process and the growth with respect to the latest trends and techniques currently used in industries.
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Нагулин, К., K. Nagulin, С. Курынцев, S. Kuryntsev, А. Горунов, and A. Gorunov. "Additive Techniques – the third industrial revolution." Science intensive technologies in mechanical engineering 1, no. 7 (July 4, 2016): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/20599.

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This paper reports two basic methods of additive techniques, a method of layer-by-layer agglomeration or metal powder melting and a method based on metal surfacing technique. A thorough description of the routine methods of additive techniques their advantages and disadvantages, a product range and field of product application are presented. Basic problems arising at the use of additive techniques and produce manufactured such as the certification of initial material, technology certification, production process control in its development, test procedure of parts manufactured are touched upon. The peculiarities of behavior of blanks obtained through additive techniques at further technological operations, for example, at laser welding are described. Basic trends in researches carried out by leading scientists in the field mentioned are emphasized.
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Long, Jingjunjiao, Ashveen Nand, and Sudip Ray. "Application of Spectroscopy in Additive Manufacturing." Materials 14, no. 1 (January 4, 2021): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14010203.

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Additive manufacturing (AM) is a rapidly expanding material production technique that brings new opportunities in various fields as it enables fast and low-cost prototyping as well as easy customisation. However, it is still hindered by raw material selection, processing defects and final product assessment/adjustment in pre-, in- and post-processing stages. Spectroscopic techniques offer suitable inspection, diagnosis and product trouble-shooting at each stage of AM processing. This review outlines the limitations in AM processes and the prospective role of spectroscopy in addressing these challenges. An overview on the principles and applications of AM techniques is presented, followed by the principles of spectroscopic techniques involved in AM and their applications in assessing additively manufactured parts.
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Torralba Arias de Reyna, Álvaro, and Carlos Linares López. "Size-Independent Additive Pattern Databases for the Pancake Problem." Proceedings of the International Symposium on Combinatorial Search 2, no. 1 (August 19, 2021): 164–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/socs.v2i1.18193.

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The Pancake problem has become a classical combinatorial problem. Different attempts have been made to optimally solve it and/or to derive tighter bounds on the diameter of its state space for a different number of discs. Until very recently, the most successful technique for solving different instances optimally was based on Pattern Databases. Although different approaches have been tried, solutions with Pattern Databases on Pancakes with more than 19 discs have never been reported. In this work, a new technique is introduced which allows the definition of Additive Pattern Databases for solving Pancakes of an arbitrary length. As a result, this technique solves Pancake problems with twice as many discs as the largest ones solved nowadays with other techniques based on Pattern Databases saving up to two orders of magnitude of space.
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Wrześniewska-Tosik, Krystyna, Tomasz Mik, Ewa Wesołowska, Sarah Montes, Tomasz Kowalewski, and Michał Kudra. "Composite Nonwovens with Natural Additive." Fibres and Textiles in Eastern Europe 28, no. 1(139) (February 29, 2020): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.5867.

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Various methods of nonwoven composite materials manufacturing are known. One such method is the well-known technique called spun-bonding. The production technology for composite nonwoven by the spun-bond method is known, but the technique of introducing an additive in the form of shredded wastes of natural origin so as to obtain a composite nonwoven fabric with interesting functional properties is new. The article describes a method of producing an innovative composite nonwoven using the spun-bond technique. As a result of incorporating various additives into the nonwoven structure, composite nonwovens with modified properties are obtained. Composite nonwovens, depending on the additive used, can be utilised as filtration material in the construction, agriculture or automotive industry.
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Uralde, Virginia, Fernando Veiga, Eider Aldalur, Alfredo Suarez, and Tomas Ballesteros. "Symmetry and Its Application in Metal Additive Manufacturing (MAM)." Symmetry 14, no. 9 (September 1, 2022): 1810. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym14091810.

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Additive manufacturing (AM) is proving to be a promising new and economical technique for the manufacture of metal parts. This technique basically consists of depositing material in a more or less precise way until a solid is built. This stage of material deposition allows the acquisition of a part with a quasi-final geometry (considered a Near Net Shape process) with a very high raw material utilization rate. There is a wide variety of different manufacturing techniques for the production of components in metallic materials. Although significant research work has been carried out in recent years, resulting in the wide dissemination of results and presentation of reviews on the subject, this paper seeks to cover the applications of symmetry, and its techniques and principles, to the additive manufacturing of metals.
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Mendricky, Radomir. "ACCURACY ANALYSIS OF ADDITIVE TECHNIQUE FOR PARTS MANUFACTURING." MM Science Journal 2016, no. 05 (November 16, 2016): 1502–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.17973/mmsj.2016_11_2016169.

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Sasaki, Takafumi, Hitoshi Iwatsuki, Takeo Yamaguchi, and Daichi Yamaguchi. "Coated Powder Based Additive Manufacturing using Inkjet Technique." NIP & Digital Fabrication Conference 32, no. 1 (September 12, 2016): 139–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2352/issn.2169-4451.2017.32.139.

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Sasaki, Takafumi, Hitoshi Iwatsuki, Takeo Yamaguchi, and Daichi Yamaguchi. "Coated Powder Based Additive Manufacturing using Inkjet Technique." NIP & Digital Fabrication Conference 32, no. 1 (September 12, 2016): 139–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2352/issn.2169-4451.2016.32.1.art00038_1.

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Hsu, S. C., D. Lin-Vien, and R. N. French. "Probing the Concentration Profiles of Additives in Polymers by IR Microspectroscopy: The Diffusion of Cyasorb UV531 in Polypropylene." Applied Spectroscopy 46, no. 2 (February 1992): 225–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702924125690.

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The recent advancement in FT-IR microspectrometry has provided a convenient way to probe the concentration profiles of additives in polymers. This technique opens up intriguing prospects for investigating additive/polymer or polymer/polymer interaction. In this work, the diffusion of a UV stabilizer, UV531, in polypropylene was selected to illustrate the applications of an IR microscope to monitor the concentration profiles of additives in polymers. In addition, a nonlinear least-squares fitting program was written to obtain diffusion coefficients from concentration profiles based on a theoretical model of the diffusion process. Because IR spectroscopy is functional-group specific, this technique is relatively insensitive to the presence of impurities or other additives in studying additive diffusion in polymers. The sensitivity, the aperturing capability, and the high spatial resolution of FT-IR microprobes make it possible to characterize a wider range of diffusion experiments in a shorter period of time than can be done using traditional techniques.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Additive technique"

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Ristovski, Nikola. "Melt electrospinning as an additive manufacturing technique." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2018. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/118057/1/Nikola_Ristovski_Thesis.pdf.

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This thesis was a study into the effect of charge buildup and subsequent modifications on a direct writing melt electrospinning device. It examined the effect of distributing the application of charge in a melt electrospinning system and studying the effect this had on order in scaffolds produced. The distribution of charge led to an increase in deposition accuracy in layers 10 times higher than previously achievable.
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Gullapalli, Vikranth. "Study of Metal Whiskers Growth and Mitigation Technique Using Additive Manufacturing." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc804972/.

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For years, the alloy of choice for electroplating electronic components has been tin-lead (Sn-Pb) alloy. However, the legislation established in Europe on July 1, 2006, required significant lead (Pb) content reductions from electronic hardware due to its toxic nature. A popular alternative for coating electronic components is pure tin (Sn). However, pure tin has the tendency to spontaneously grow electrically conductive Sn whisker during storage. Sn whisker is usually a pure single crystal tin with filament or hair-like structures grown directly from the electroplated surfaces. Sn whisker is highly conductive, and can cause short circuits in electronic components, which is a very significant reliability problem. The damages caused by Sn whisker growth are reported in very critical applications such as aircraft, spacecraft, satellites, and military weapons systems. They are also naturally very strong and are believed to grow from compressive stresses developed in the Sn coating during deposition or over time. The new directive, even though environmentally friendly, has placed all lead-free electronic devices at risk because of whisker growth in pure tin. Additionally, interest has occurred about studying the nature of other metal whiskers such as zinc (Zn) whiskers and comparing their behavior to that of Sn whiskers. Zn whiskers can be found in flooring of data centers which can get inside electronic systems during equipment reorganization and movement and can also cause systems failure.Even though the topic of metal whiskers as reliability failure has been around for several decades to date, there is no successful method that can eliminate their growth. This thesis will give further insights towards the nature and behavior of Sn and Zn whiskers growth, and recommend a novel manufacturing technique that has potential to mitigate metal whiskers growth and extend life of many electronic devices.
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Denis, Corentin. "Variations dimensionnelles d'une céramique dentaire alumineuse mise en forme par technique additive." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ULILS050.

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Une méthode de mise en forme additive de céramique dentaire a été développée au sein du Ceramaths de l’Université de polytechnique Hauts-de-France. Les travaux précédents ont montré qu’à partir de suspensions de céramique alumineuse à 80% de taux de matière sèche en poids, la photopolymérisation en cuve permet la mise en forme de céramiques d’infrastructure avec des propriétés mécaniques en adéquation avec les exigences dentaires en vigueur. En effet, les armatures en céramique doivent répondre à un cahier des charges exigeant concernant leur précision d’adaptation à la préparation dentaire et leurs propriétés mécaniques. Les pièces en céramiques mises en forme par techniques additives présentent un retrait anisotrope (diminution différente selon les trois dimensions du volume d’une pièce frittée par rapport à son volume initial) à la suite du traitement thermique de déliantage et de densification. La pièce prothétique doit impérativement être surdimensionnée pour assurer une adaptation de la restauration à la préparation dentaire après traitement thermique et limiter le risque l’échec de la restauration. Pour ce faire, l’étude des taux de retrait et les déformations de pièces à la géométrie variable et de plus en plus complexe a été réalisée. Ces différentes morphologies de pièces ont été numérisées à l’aide de la microtomographie puis les fichiers ont été analysés à l’aide d’un logiciel d’inspection et de contrôle. Par l’étude de morphologie simple parallélépipédique, la variation de la largeur de couches et la variation du nombre de couches ont montré des taux de retraits anisotropes, équivalents dans le sens perpendiculaire de mise en forme mais supérieurs dans le sens de la mise en forme. Les variations de forme des modèles simplifiés n'influencent pas les différents taux de retrait. La viscosité maximale acceptable dépend de la surface de la couche mais aussi de la distance entre deux surfaces qui impactent les déformations dues à la mise en forme et au traitement thermique. L’étude dimensionnelle des pièces cylindriques creuses a montré que plus la surface de couche augmente, plus le risque de défaut augmente ; de même que l’orientation de la pièce influence les déformations lors du traitement thermique. L’orientation optimale doit donc être un compromis entre temps de fabrication, limitation des déformations par la plus petite surface de couche possible et garantie des propriétés mécaniques optimales. Suite à l’étude des déformations d’une armature de couronne clinique, les résultats en terme fidélité de mise en forme ont montré que la fabrication combinant l’imprimante CryoPrinter® (CryoCeram®), la résine CryoCeram® et l’alumine CT 1200SG®, (Almatis®) est reproductible quelle que soit l’orientation de mise en forme. Les valeurs de justesse des restaurations imprimées se trouvent sous le seuil de 120 μm hormis pour la zone marginale lorsque l’orientation mésio-distale est choisie. L’orientation occluso-cervicale permet d’obtenir les restaurations les plus conformes au modèle numérique au niveau marginal. Enfin, les valeurs de hiatus occlusaux sont significativement plus faibles pour l’orientation occluso-cervicale par rapport à celle vestibulo-palatine, cette dernière étant la seule à présenter également une valeur moyenne des hiatus marginaux sous les 120 μm. Ainsi, pour la mise en forme avec le procédé développé par CryoCeram®, l’orientation occluso-cervicale semble à privilégier pour la réalisation d’infrastructures de couronnes cliniquement acceptables. Enfin, une évaluation de la non-cytotoxicité des pièces mises en forme à l’aide de ce nouveau procédé a été réalisée afin d’envisager une utilisation clinique
An additive manufacturing method for dental ceramics was developed at Ceramaths, part of the Polytechnic University of Hauts-de-France. Previous work has shown that using alumina ceramic suspensions with 80% solid content by weight, vat photopolymerization enables the shaping of infrastructure ceramics with mechanical properties that meet current dental requirements. Indeed, ceramic frameworks must adhere to strict specifications regarding their fit precision to the dental preparation and their mechanical properties.Ceramic parts fabricated using additive techniques exhibit anisotropic shrinkage (different shrinkage rates along the three dimensions of a sintered part compared to its initial volume) following thermal debinding and densification treatment. The prosthetic part must be oversized to ensure the restoration adapts to the dental preparation after thermal treatment and to minimize the risk of restoration failure. A study on shrinkage rates and deformations of parts with increasingly complex geometries was conducted. These different part morphologies were digitized using microtomography, and the files were analyzed using inspection and control software.In the study of simple parallelepiped morphologies, variations in layer width and the number of layers showed anisotropic shrinkage rates, equivalent in the direction perpendicular to the forming process but higher in the forming direction. Shape variations of the simplified models do not influence the different shrinkage rates. The maximum acceptable viscosity depends on the layer surface area as well as the distance between two surfaces, which impacts the deformations due to the forming process and thermal treatment.The dimensional study of hollow cylindrical parts showed that the larger the layer surface area, the greater the risk of defects, and the orientation of the part also influences deformations during thermal treatment. The optimal orientation must therefore be a compromise between manufacturing time, limiting deformations with the smallest possible layer surface area, and ensuring optimal mechanical properties.Following the study of deformations in a clinical crown framework, the results in terms of forming accuracy showed that the manufacturing process combining the CryoPrinter® (Cryoceram®) printer, CryoCeram® resin, and CT 1200SG® alumina (Almatis®) is reproducible regardless of the forming orientation. The accuracy values of the printed restorations were below the 120 μm threshold except for the marginal zone when the mesio-distal orientation was chosen. The occluso-cervical orientation produced the most accurate restorations relative to the digital model at the marginal level. Lastly, the occlusal gap values were significantly lower for the occluso-cervical orientation compared to the vestibulo-palatal orientation, with the latter being the only one also presenting a mean marginal gap value below 120 μm. Thus, for shaping using the process developed by CryoCeram®, the occluso-cervical orientation seems preferable for producing clinically acceptable crown frameworks.Finally, an evaluation of the non-cytotoxicity of the parts formed using this new process was conducted to consider potential clinical use
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Hasting, William. "Geometric Effects of Free-Floating Technique on Alloy 718 Parts Produced via Laser-Powder Bed Fusion." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1613751580039925.

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Falck, Rielson [Verfasser]. "A new additive manufacturing technique for layered metal-composite hybrid structures / Rielson Miler Moreira Falck." Hamburg : Universitätsbibliothek der Technischen Universität Hamburg-Harburg, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1224270835/34.

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Yosofi, Mazyar. "Méthodologie de caractérisation prédictive des procédés de fabrication additive avec une approche technique, économique et environnementale." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ECDN0034/document.

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L'Organisation des Nations Unies vise à moderniser les industries afin de les rendre durables et plus respectueuse de l'environnement d'ici 2030. Afin de répondre à ces attentes, il faut mettre en place des voies d'améliorations des procédés de fabrication d'un point de vue environnemental. Cette démarche nécessite une connaissance fine des flux entrants et sortants lors de la fabrication d'un produit. Néanmoins, ce n'est pas le cas pour les procédés de fabrication additives ou les impacts environnementaux générés lors de la fabrication d'un produit sont encore méconnus. Par conséquent, il est primordial de bien "compter" les différentes sources de consommations et de rejets. Pour cela, une évaluation quantitative des flux intervenants pendant la fabrication de pièces est nécessaire pour améliorer la connaissance de la performance environnementale d'un procédé. Les travaux de cette thèse portent sur la proposition d'une méthodologie d'évaluation multicritère pour les procédés de fabrication additive afin de pouvoir prédire, dès l'étape de conception d'un produit, des informations sur les aspects techniques, économiques et environnementaux du couple pièce/procédé. Afin de proposer aux concepteurs la possibilité d'évaluer un produit dès son étape de conception, des modèles de consommation fins traduisant le comportement du procédé ont été mis en place. La méthodologie développée s’intéresse à l'ensemble des sources de consommation et de rejets ainsi qu'à l'ensemble des étapes nécessaires à la fabrication d'une pièce mécanique.Ce manuscrit est divisé en six chapitres qui permettent de présenter le contexte général de l'étude, l'état de l'art, la méthodologie d'évaluation multicritère, l'application sur les procédés de fabrication additive et l'exploitation sur un cas industriel. Le dernier chapitre se consacre à la conclusion sur les apports de ces travaux et propose des perspectives de recherche
The United Nations aims to modernize industries in order to make them sustainable and more environmentally friendly by 2030. In order to meet these expectation, it is necessary to put in place ways of improving production processes from an environmental point of view. This approach requires a detailed knowledge of the incoming and outgoing flows during the manufacturing of a product. However, this is not the case for additive manufacturing processes where the environmental impacts generated during this stage are still unknown. For that, a quantitative evaluation of the flows involved during the manufaturing of parts is necessary in order to improve the knowledge of the environmental performance of a process. The work of this thesis focuses on the development of methodology for additive manufacturing processes in order to predict information on the technical, economic, and environmental aspects of a product during the design stage of a part. The methodology developped is increasingly interested in all the sources of consumption as well as all the stages necessary for the manufacturing of a mechanical part.This manuscript is divided into six chapters that can present the general context of the study, the state of the art, the methodology developped, a application of the methodology to additive manufacturing processes and the computer tool developed during this thesis. The last chapter is devoted to the conclusion on the contributions of this work and provides research perspectives
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Asadollahiyazdi, Elnaz. "Integrated Design of Additive Manufacturing Based on Design for Manufacturing and Skin-skeleton Models." Thesis, Troyes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TROY0026.

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Aujourd'hui, la fabrication additive (FA) fait évoluer le monde de la fabrication grâce à ses capacités de production de formes complexes couche par couche. L'approche de conception pour la fabrication (DFM) aide à considérer les contraintes de FA et à maîtriser les caractéristiques du produit dans la gestion de son cycle de vie. Plusieurs études sont consacrées à l'approche de conception intégrée pour la FA, mais aucune approche ne prend en compte toutes les étapes du cycle de vie du produit dans le niveau d'optimisation de sa conception et de sa fabrication. Ainsi, cette thèse fournit une approche DFM pour la FA afin d'étudier simultanément différents attributs, contraintes et critères de conception et de fabrication dès la définition du produit. L'approche Peau-Squelette modélise la première définition du produit. Il contient une analyse fonctionnelle, un modèle d'usage et un modèle de fabrication. Dans ce travail, un nouveau moteur de résolution, qui agit à l’interface du modèle de produit et du modèle de fabrication, est proposé grâce à l'analyse des technologies FA et de leurs paramètres et critères. Ce moteur repose sur un problème d'optimisation bi-objectif pour minimiser le temps de production et la masse du matériau en proposant les solutions optimales pour les propriétés mécaniques et la rugosité du produit. Cette méthodologie permet de définir le modèle de produit. L'approche est mise en œuvre à travers une première technologie de dépôt par fil fondu (FDM) pour la production de deux études de cas
Nowadays, Additive Manufacturing (AM) evolves the manufacturing world by its capabilities for production of the complex shapes layer by layer. Design For Manufacturing (DFM) approach helps to overcome the AM constraints and mastering product features in product lifecycle. Several studies are devoted to integrated design approach for AM, but there is no approach that considers all product life cycle steps in optimization level for product and manufacturing process. So, this thesis provides a DFM approach for AM to investigate simultaneously different attributes, constraints, and criteria of design and manufacturing in product definition. Skin-Skeleton approach models the first definition of product and AM. It contains functional analysis, usage model, and manufacturing model. In this work, a novel interface processing engine as an interface between product and manufacturing model is developed through analysis of AM technologies and their parameters and criteria. This engine relies on a bi-objective optimization problem to minimize production time and material mass under limitation of mechanical properties and roughness of the product to obtain the optimal manufacturing parameters. This methodology permits to define the product model. The approach is implemented into Fused Deposition Modeling to verify the methodology through two case studies
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Zaman, Uzair khaleeq uz. "Intégration Produit-Process appliquée à la sélection de procédés de Fabrication Additive." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ENAM0006/document.

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Cette recherche vise à proposer une approche intégrée permettant la prise en compte simultanée des paramètres Produits / process dans le cadre d’une fabrication par ajout de matière. Le développement produit est en profonde mutation, prenant en compte les contraintes de personnalisation, de temps de mise sur le marché de plus en plus court, la volonté d’une approche eco-responsable etc. Ce changement de paradigme conduit à s’intéresser au choix du couple matériau /process dès la phase de conception afin de prendre en compte les contraintes liées au procédé identifié. Cette approche multi critère s’intéresse à la fois au couple matériau procédé mais prend en compte les aspect fonctionnels de la pièce. Ainsi ce travail de thèse présente une méthodologie de décision générique, basée sur des outils de prise de décision multicritères, qui peut non seulement proposer une solution satisfaisant les contraintes liées aux matériaux, processus et processus par addition de matière, mais propose également de servir de guide aux concepteurs permettant un choix raisonné basé sur des combinaisons matériau-machine orientées conception et obtenu à partir d’une base de données de 38 fournisseurs internationaux de machine de fabrication par ajout de matière
The doctoral research focuses to build an integrated approach that can simultaneously handle the product and process parameters related to additive manufacturing (AM). Since, market dynamics of today are constantly evolving, drivers such as mass customization strategies, shorter product development cycles, a large pool of materials to choose from, abundant manufacturing processes, etc., have made it essential to choose the right compromise of materials, manufacturing processes and associated machines in early stages of design considering the Design for AM guidelines. As several criteria, material attributes and process functionality requirements are involved for decision making in the industries, the thesis introduces a generic decision methodology, based on multi-criteria decision-making tools, that can not only provide a set of compromised AM materials, processes and machines but will also act as a guideline for designers to achieve a strong foothold in the AM industry by providing practical solutions containing design oriented and feasible material-machine combinations from a database of 38 renowned AM vendors in the world today
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Johansson, Ingrid. "Post-processing for roughness reduction of additive manufactured polyamide 12 using a fully automated chemical vapor technique - The effect on micro and macrolevel." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-279316.

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Additive manufacturing has increased in popularity in recent years partly due to the possibilities of producing complex geometries in a rapid manner. Selective laser sintering (SLS) is a type of additive manufacturing technique that utilizes polymer powder and a layer-by-layer technique to build up the desired geometry. The main drawbacks with this technique are related to the reproducibility, mechanical performance and the poor surface finish of printed parts. Surface roughness increase the risk of bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation, which is unbeneficial for parts to be used in the healthcare industry. This thesis investigated the possibility in reducing the surface roughness of SLS printed polyamide 12 with the fully automated post-processing technology PostPro3D. The postprocessing relies on chemical post-processing for smoothening of the parts’ surface. PostPro3D utilizes vaporized solvent which condenses on the printed parts causing the surface to reflow. By this roughness, in terms of unmolten particles, is dissolved and surface pores are sealed. The influence of alternating post-processing parameters; pressure, temperature, time and solvent volume was evaluated with a Design of Experiments (DoE). The roughness reduction was quantified with monitoring the arithmetic mean average roughness (Ra), the ten-point height roughness (Rz) and the average waviness (Wa) using a stylus profilometer and confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). The effect of post-processing on mechanical properties was evaluated with tensile testing and the effect on microstructure by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A comparison was made between post-processed samples and a non-postprocessed reference, as well as between samples post-processed with different degree of aggressivity, with regards to the roughness values, mechanical properties and the microstructure. Results indicated that solvent volume and time had the largest effect in reducing the roughness parameters Ra and Rz, while time had the largest influence in increasing the elongation at break, tensile strength at break and toughness. The post-processing’s effect on waviness and Young’s modulus was less evident. SEM established that complete dissolution of powder particles was not achieved for the tested parameter ranges, but a clear improvement of the surface was observed for all different post-processing conditions, as compared to a non-post-processed specimen. The reduction in roughness by increased solvent volume and time was thought to be due to increased condensation of solvent droplets on the SLS-parts. The increase in mechanical properties was likely related to elimination of crack initiation points at the surface. In general, the mechanical properties experienced a wide spread in the results, this was concluded to be related to differences in intrinsic properties of the printed parts, and highlighted the problems with reproducibility related to the SLS. An optimal roughness of Ra less than 1 µm was not obtained for the tested post-processing conditions, and further parameter optimization is required.
Möjligheten att tillverka komplexa geometrier på ett snabbt sätt, har fått additiv tillverkning att öka i popularitet. Selective laser sintering (SLS) är en typ av additiv tillverkning där polymer pulver sintras samman succesivt lager för lager. Dessa lager bygger tillsammans upp den önskade geometrin. De största nackdelarna med SLS är att de tillverkade delarna har bristande mekaniska egenskaper, har brister i reproducerbarheten samt att ytan har en dålig kvalitet, den är ojämn. Ytojämnheten ökar risken för att bakterier fastnar och ett en biofilm bildas. Då produkten ska användas inom sjukvården, är det viktigt att biofilm bildning undviks. Den här uppsatsen har undersökt möjligheterna att reducera ytojämnheten av SLS-printad polyamid 12 med hjälp av kemisk efterbehandling i PostPro3D. Denna maskin är helt automatisk och åstadkommer ytbehandling genom att förånga lösningsmedel som sedan kondenserar på det SLS-printade materialet. Ytan på materialet löses upp vilket minskar ytojämnheter i form av pulver partiklar samt sluter porer på ytan. Genom att ändra på parametrarna för efterbehandlingen kan graden av aggressivitet påverkas, detta gäller tryck, temperatur, tid och lösningsmedels volym. De optimala parametrarna för att åstadkomma en jämn yta utvärderades med en Design of Experiments (DoE). Reducering av ytojämnhet mättes med hjälp av aritmetisk genomsnittlig ojämnhet (Ra), tio-punkts höjd ojämnhet (Rz) och medel-vågighet (Wa), med nålprofilometer och konfokal mikroskop. Efterbehandlingens påverkan på de mekaniska egenskaperna utvärderades i ett dragprov, medan mikrostrukturen undersöktes med svepelektronmikroskop (SEM). Ytjämnheten, de mekaniska egenskaperna och mikrostrukturen jämfördes mellan icke behandlade prover och ytbehandlade prover, med varierad grad av aggressivitet. Resultaten indikerade att tid och volym hade störst effekt på Ra och Rz, medan tid hade störst positiv inverkan på töjning, styrka och seghet. Effekten på styvheten (E-modulen) och vågigheten (Wa) var mindre uppenbar, och någon tydlig påverkan kunde inte observeras. SEM-analys visade att fullständig upplösning av partiklar på ytan inte sker för de testade behandlingarna, men en tydlig förbättring kunde ses vid jämförelse av ett obehandlat prov och ett behandlat prov. Den ökade ytjämnheten för längre tid och högre volym tros bero på en ökad kondensering av lösningsmedel på ytan under efterbehandlingen. Ökningen i mekaniska egenskaperna är troligtvis relaterade till eliminering av kritiska defekter på ytan. Generellt visade de mekaniska egenskaper en stor spridning i resultaten, detta tros bero på inneboende egenskaper i provstavarna. Denna slutsats understryker den bristande reproducerbarheten för SLS-printning. En optimal ytjämnhet antas vara ett Ra värde under 1 µm, denna ytjämnhet har inte uppnåtts med de testade efterbehandlingsparameter värdena, därför krävs ytterligare parameter optimering för att nå optimal efterbehandling.
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Cormier, Yannick. "Performance, Manufacturability and Mechanical Properties of Near-Net Shaped Pyramidal Fin Arrays for Compact Heat Exchangers Produced Using Cold Spray as an Additive Manufacturing Technique." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/34981.

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Significant efforts have been made in the last decades to decrease the world’s dependency to fossil fuels. One of the fronts which has shown major improvement is gas turbine efficiency. To this end, components such as recuperators have been developed to recover heat that is usually trapped and wasted in the exhaust gases of combustion processes. Brayton Energy Canada has recently developed a promising compact heat exchanger that could be used as a recuperator in gas turbines. Nevertheless, this novel type of wire mesh heat exchanger still has room for improvement, especially regarding the way that its fin arrays are manufactured due to the fact that the technique presently used is time consuming and consequently costly. The present research aims to manufacture near-net shaped pin fin arrays using cold gas dynamic spray as an additive manufacturing technique by selectively covering the substrate by the means of a mask. Moreover, this research work studies the feasibility of using CGDS as an additive manufacturing technique to produce pin fin arrays, the thermal and hydrodynamic performances of this new type of pin fin created, the effect of geometric parameters such as fin density and height on the performances, the viability of the sprayed pin fins in a real environment by means of finding mechanical properties such as adhesion strength, the possibility of producing a streamwise material anisotropic fin arrays, and finally the different adhesion mechanisms by means of numerical modeling of the relevant impact physics.
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Books on the topic "Additive technique"

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Alam, Zafar, Faiz Iqbal, and Dilshad Ahmad Khan. Post-processing Techniques for Additive Manufacturing. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003288619.

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Alami, Abdul Hai, ed. Sustainable Additive Technologies and Innovative Manufacturing Techniques. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-73657-5.

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F, Castillo Jesús M., ed. Banach space techniques underpinning a theory for nearly additive mappings. Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk, Instytut Matematyczny, 2002.

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Matyjaszewski, K., Brent S. Sumerlin, and Nicolay V. Tsarevsky. Progress in controlled radical polymerization: Mechanisms and techniques. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2012.

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Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives. Guide to specifications for general notices, general analytical techniques, identification tests, test solutions, and other reference materials. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 1991.

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Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives. Guide to specifications for general notices, general analytical techniques, identification tests, test solutions, and other reference materials. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 1991.

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Seo, Anna H. Review of techniques for enhancement of ultrasound contrast of liquids using microcavitation and other additives. [Toronto: Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto], 1995.

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Hirotoshi, Tamura, and American Chemical Society. Division of Agricultural and Food Chemistry., eds. Food flavor: Chemistry, sensory evaluation, and biological activity. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2008.

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Hirotoshi, Tamura, and American Chemical Society. Division of Agricultural and Food Chemistry., eds. Food flavor: Chemistry, sensory evaluation, and biological activity. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2008.

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Makarenkov, Dmitriy, and Vyacheslav Nazarov. Technique and technology of granulation of multicomponent polydisperse materials using combined processes of their preparation. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1873862.

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The monograph examines the theoretical foundations and practice of granulating multicomponent polydisperse waste in various hardware design. Methods of structuring multicomponent polydisperse materials have been developed, the role of technological additives and mechanical activation processes has been revealed, which allows reducing energy consumption in granulation processes. Physical models of compaction of multicomponent polydisperse materials in granulating equipment with deformation foci of various shapes are proposed. The system analysis of chemical and technological processes of granulation of multicomponent polydisperse materials on roller presses, on rotary granulators and pelletizing granulators of the poppet type and high-speed apparatuses is carried out. Engineering methods for calculating the power parameters of multicomponent charges in various types of granulating equipment with the production of target products of various shapes are given. It is designed for students, postgraduates and researchers of chemical-technological and polytechnic universities, as well as engineering and technical workers of various industries.
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Book chapters on the topic "Additive technique"

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Ogawa, Kazuhiro. "Cold Spray Technique." In Multi-dimensional Additive Manufacturing, 143–59. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7910-3_10.

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Srivastava, Manu, Sandeep Rathee, Sachin Maheshwari, and T. K. Kundra. "Additive Manufacturing Processes Utilizing Powder Bed Fusion Technique." In Additive Manufacturing, 81–98. Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group, 2019.: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351049382-7.

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Priyadharshni, M., P. Nagajothi, Ponharieesh, and R. Ganesh. "Diabetic Retinopathy Image Recognition Using AI Technique." In Advances in Additive Manufacturing Technologies, 124–28. London: CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003545774-22.

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Goswami, Tuhina, Shatarupa Biswas, Santanu Das, and Manidipto Mukherjee. "An overview of wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) technique with different alloys in modern manufacturing industries." In Hybrid Metal Additive Manufacturing, 19–29. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003406488-2.

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Singh, Talwinder, and Davinder Singh. "Formation, Testing, and Deposition of Bioactive Material Using Thermal Spray Additive Manufacturing Technique." In Additive Manufacturing of Bio-implants, 45–58. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-6972-2_3.

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Raj, Jawahar R., Kumar S. Lakshmana, D. Jayabalakrishnan, and S. Somasundaram. "Inspection of Defects in Weldments of Manuarite 900 Alloy using Ultrasound B Spline Imaging Technique." In Advances in Additive Manufacturing Technologies, 503–6. London: CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003545774-90.

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Vinay, M., and B. Navin Kumar. "Comparative Analysis of Surface Roughness in Monel Alloy Using Novel Minimum Quantity Lubrication Technique and Dry Machining." In Advances in Additive Manufacturing Technologies, 251–56. London: CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003545774-45.

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Iqbal, Asma, and Syed Akhlaq Ahmad. "Energy Saving Technique for Separation of a Fuel Additive." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 519–25. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0159-0_46.

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Singh, Laiphrakpam Indrajit, and Khwairakpam Sachidananda. "Metal Additive Manufacturing Technique in Construction Industry: A Review Paper." In Springer Proceedings in Materials, 31–42. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3844-5_5.

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Maurya, Manish, Ambrish Maurya, and Sudhir Kumar. "Solid State Additive Manufacturing: An Unconventional Technique to Fabricate Composite." In Materials Horizons: From Nature to Nanomaterials, 135–50. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-0888-8_7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Additive technique"

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Chen, Xiangyu, Lu Qiu, and Jianqin Zhu. "Laser additive modification: a technique for directional ceramization of metal surfaces." In 4th International Conference on Laser, Optics and Optoelectronic Technology (LOPET 2024), edited by Suihu Dang and Manuel Filipe Costa, 112. SPIE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.3040220.

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Dwivedi, Vivek, Manish Raj, Ajeet Yadav, and Anuj Kumar Sharma. "Additive Fabrication and Additive Technique: A Survey." In 2019 4th International Conference on Information Systems and Computer Networks (ISCON). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iscon47742.2019.9036292.

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Degtyaryov, Andrey, and Gennadiy Slyozkin. "Technique for Suppressing Additive and Multiplicative Noises." In 2021 International Conference Engineering and Telecommunication (En&T). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ent50460.2021.9681746.

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Chansri, Natthavika, Kittiya Janokul, Natsima Thamnitatsan, and Pisut Koomsap. "Experimental Study on Support Material Composition for Selective Vacuum Manufacturing RP Technique." In 1st International Conference on Progress in Additive Manufacturing. Singapore: Research Publishing Services, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/978-981-09-0446-3_017.

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Tan, Y. S. E., and W. Y. Yeong. "Direct Bioprinting of Alginate-Based Tubular Constructs Using Multi-Nozzle Extrusion-Based Technique." In 1st International Conference on Progress in Additive Manufacturing. Singapore: Research Publishing Services, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/978-981-09-0446-3_093.

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Khorramdin, Majid, Milad Amini, Nasser Torabi, and Mojtaba Mahdavi. "Improving reversible image watermarking using additive interpolation technique." In 2014 7th International Symposium on Telecommunications (IST). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/istel.2014.7000841.

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Kulkarni, Anup, Vivek C. Peddiraju, Subhradeep Chatterjee, and Dheepa Srinivasan. "Effect of Build Geometry and Porosity in Additively Manufactured CuCrZr." In 2022 International Additive Manufacturing Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/iam2022-93986.

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Abstract The current work presents an understanding of microstructure and mechanical properties as a function of build geometry and build orientation in Cu-Cr-Zr via the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) technique. Porosity, microstructure, and mechanical properties have been compared in the as-printed (AP) and heat treated (HT) LPBF Cu-Cr-Zr, between cylindrical and cube geometries, along the longitudinal (L) and transverse (T) build orientations. Varying porosity levels were observed that yielded parts with 96–97% relative density in the AP condition. The AP microstructure, characterized by a combination of optical and electron microscopic techniques, demonstrated a hierarchical microstructure, comprising of grains (2.5–100 μm) with a cellular substructure (400–850 nm) and intracellular nanoscale (20–60 nm) precipitates enriched in Cu and Zr. Unlike most materials in the AP condition, crystallographic texture was found to be absent; however, very distinct river like patterns highlighted a novel characteristic of the LPBF Cu-Cr-Zr. Upon solutionizing and aging, Cr precipitates were seen heterogeneously nucleating along cell boundaries (0.5–1.3 μm), causing up to 45% enhancement in the strength and a 4–5% lower ductility. The yield strength along the transverse orientation was 10–16% higher than that of longitudinal orientation, in both the AP and HT conditions. Fracture surface of the tensile samples exhibited micro-voids and cleavage facets and unmelted particles. In spite of the observed defects, the overall mechanical properties matched well with those obtained in nearly dense (> 99%) samples and the mechanical property debit was less than 10%.
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Liang, Min, Corey Shemelya, Eric MacDonald, Ryan Wicker, and Hao Xin. "Fabrication of microwave patch antenna using additive manufacturing technique." In 2014 USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting (Joint with AP-S Symposium). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/usnc-ursi.2014.6955652.

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Pons-Abenza, Alejandro, Alejandro Alvarez-Melcon, Fernando D. Quesada-Pereira, and Lara Arche-Andradas. "Frequency Correction Design Technique for Additive Manufactured Cavity Filters." In 2018 48th European Microwave Conference (EuMC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/eumc.2018.8541362.

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Wankhede, Sahil, Xian Du, Ali Alshehri, Keith Brashler, and Doru Turcan. "Encapsulating and Inkjet-Printing Electronics on Flexible Substrates for Harsh Environment." In 2022 International Additive Manufacturing Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/iam2022-92250.

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Abstract We have developed a proof of concept for a flexible sensor in harsh environmental conditions by using the inkjet printing technique. Printing a conductive pattern on a flexible substrate poses several challenges like surface energy mismatch, nonuniform ink deposition, and crack formation leading to poor conductivity. Further, there is a need for a flexible, oil and chemical-resistant encapsulant material to protect the sensor from harsh environments. We proposed a process to overcome these challenges and validated this process by measuring the actual and theoretical resistance values of the printed patterns on the flexible substrates that were found to be comparable. The printed patterns were encapsulated with fluoroelastomer, well-known for excellent oil and chemical resistance. We investigated the effect of a harsh environment on conductivity by submerging it in hydraulic oil at temperatures 80°C–180°C. Results revealed a negligible change in resistance. Thus, we devised a single process that can be used for printing conductive patterns on various flexible substrates like Polyethylene terephthalate, Polydimethylsiloxane, and Silicone rubber. Furthermore, the effectiveness of fluoroelastomer as an encapsulant for the harsh environment was investigated.
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Reports on the topic "Additive technique"

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Spencer, Ryan, Adwoa Owusu, Uday Vaidya, Vlastimil Kunc, and Ahmed Hassen. STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING FOR LARGE-SCALE ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING USING ACOUSTIC EMISSION TECHNIQUE. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/2394721.

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OSIYANOVA, A., and I. FALALEEVA. THE SPECIFICS OF THE TRANSLATION OF IRONY IN MARGARET MITCHELL’S NOVEL “GONE WITH THE WIND”. Science and Innovation Center Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2077-1770-2022-14-2-3-23-30.

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This article examines the specifics of the translation of irony in Margaret Mitchell’s novel “Gone with The Wind”. The relevance of the article lies in the problems of translating an artistic technique from English into Russian. The purpose of the article is to identify the definition of the term “irony” and ways to translate it based on the works of scientists. The research methodology consists of analyzing the techniques of translating quotations from the original text of the novel and its translation. As a result of the study, the most effective translation techniques were identified, such as: complete translation with minor lexical or grammatical transformations; antonymic translation; addition of semantic components; cultural and situational substitution. The specifics of the translation of irony in the text using transformation techniques were also determined, due to the special role of this literary technique in the context of the novel. The theoretical basis of this article is the classification of translation techniques by T. A. Kazakova. The conclusions of the study show which are the most effective translation techniques used in translating the artistic technique “irony” from English into Russian.
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Ñopo, Hugo R. The Gender Wage Gap in Chile 1992-2003: From a Matching Comparisons Perspective. Inter-American Development Bank, May 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010863.

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This paper analyzes the evolution of the gender wage gap in Chile during the period 1992 to 2003 using the decomposition approach developed in Ñopo (2004). This approach, which decomposes the wage gap into four additive elements, stresses the need for comparisons inside the common support for the distributions of observable characteristics of individuals. Also, it allows an analysis of the distribution of unexplained differences in wages (not only the averages). The results suggest that, besides the high educational attainment of females, there are noticeable gender wage gaps in Chile favoring males. These unexplained differences in wages, which move around 25 percent of average female wages, show no clear tendency during the period of analysis. The wage gaps are higher at the highest percentiles of the wage distribution, among those with higher educational attainment, among directors and among part-time workers. The technique also detects some evidence of a glass-ceiling effect in Chilean labor markets, such that for some occupations and particular combinations of observable characteristics, there are highly paid males but not females.
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Scime, Luke, James Haley, William Halsey, Alka Singh, Michael Sprayberry, Amir Ziabari, and Vincent Paquit. Development of Monitoring Techniques for Binderjet Additive Manufacturing of Silicon Carbide Structures. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1671401.

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Dehoff, Ryan, Rangasayee Kannan, and Peeyush Nandwana. Development of Repair Techniques for Cast Iron Engine Blocks by Additive Manufacturing. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1811420.

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Atherosclerosis Biomarkers by Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA). Chair Andrew Buckler, Luca Saba, and Uwe Joseph Schoepf. Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) / Quantitative Imaging Biomarkers Alliance (QIBA), March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/qiba/20230328.

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The clinical application of Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) is widely available as a technique to optimize the therapeutic approach to treating vascular disease. Evaluation of atherosclerotic arterial plaque characteristics is currently based on qualitative biomarkers. However, the reproducibility of such findings has historically been limited even among experts (1). Quantitative imaging biomarkers have been shown to have additive value above traditional qualitative imaging metrics and clinical risk scores regarding patient outcomes (2). However, many definitions and cut-offs are present in the current literature; therefore, standardization of quantitative evaluation of CTA datasets is needed before becoming a valuable tool in daily clinical practice. To establish these biomarkers in clinical practice, techniques are required to standardize quantitative imaging across different manufacturers with cross-calibration. Moreover, the post-processing of atherosclerotic plaque segmentation needs to be optimized and standardized. The goal of a Quantitative Imaging Biomarker Alliance (QIBA) Profile is to provide an implementation guide to generate a biomarker with an effective level of performance, mostly by reducing variability and bias in the measurement. The performance claims represent expert consensus and will be empirically demonstrated at a subsequent stage. Users of this Profile are encouraged to refer to the following site to understand the document’s context: http://qibawiki.rsna.org/index.php/QIBA_Profile_Stages. All statistical performance assessments are stated in carefully considered metrics and according to strict definitions as given in (3-8), which also includes detailed, peer-reviewed rationale on the importance of adhering to such standards. The expected performance is expressed as Claims (Section 1.2). To achieve those claims, Actors (Scanners, Reconstruction Software, Image Analysis Tools, Imaging Physicians, Physicists, and Technologists) must meet the Checklist Requirements (Section 3) covering Subject Handling, Image Data Acquisition, Image Data Reconstruction, Image QA, and Image Analysis. This Profile is at the Clinically Feasible stage (qibawiki.rsna.org/index.php/QIBA_Profile_Stages) which indicate that multiple sites have performed the Profile and found it to be practical and expect it to achieve the claimed performance. QIBA Profiles for other CT, MRI, PET, and Ultrasound biomarkers can be found at qibawiki.rsna.org
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Saba, Luca, and Uwe Joseph Schoepf. Atherosclerosis Biomarkers by Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) - Maintenance version June 2024. Chair Andrew Buckler. Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) / Quantitative Imaging Biomarkers Alliance (QIBA), June 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/qiba/202406.

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The clinical application of Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) is widely available as a technique to optimize the therapeutic approach to treating vascular disease. Evaluation of atherosclerotic arterial plaque characteristics is currently based on qualitative biomarkers. However, the reproducibility of such findings has historically been limited even among experts. Quantitative imaging biomarkers have been shown to have additive value above traditional qualitative imaging metrics and clinical risk scores regarding patient outcomes. However, many definitions and cut-offs are present in the current literature; therefore, standardization of quantitative evaluation of CTA datasets is needed before becoming a valuable tool in daily clinical practice. To establish these biomarkers in clinical practice, techniques are required to standardize quantitative imaging across different manufacturers with cross-calibration. Moreover, the post-processing of atherosclerotic plaque segmentation needs to be optimized and standardized. The goal of a Quantitative Imaging Biomarker Alliance (QIBA) Profile is to provide an implementation guide to generate a biomarker with an effective level of performance, mostly by reducing variability and bias in the measurement. The performance claims represent expert consensus and will be empirically demonstrated at a subsequent stage. Users of this Profile are encouraged to refer to the following site to understand the document’s context: http://qibawiki.rsna.org/index.php/QIBA_Profile_Stages. All statistical performance assessments are stated in carefully considered metrics and according to strict definitions as given in (3-8), which also includes detailed, peer-reviewed rationale on the importance of adhering to such standards. The expected performance is expressed as Claims (Section 1.2). To achieve those claims, Actors (Scanners, Reconstruction Software, Image Analysis Tools, Imaging Physicians, Physicists, and Technologists) must meet the Checklist Requirements (Section 3) covering Subject Handling, Image Data Acquisition, Image Data Reconstruction, Image QA, and Image Analysis. This Profile is at the Clinically Feasible stage (qibawiki.rsna.org/index.php/QIBA_Profile_Stages) which indicate that multiple sites have performed the Profile and found it to be practical and expect it to achieve the claimed performance. QIBA Profiles for other CT, MRI, PET, and Ultrasound biomarkers can be found at qibawiki.rsna.org.
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Scime, Luke, James Haley, and Vincent Paquit. Monitoring for Additive Manufacturing Technologies: Report on Progress, Achievements, and Limitations of Monitoring Techniques. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1823379.

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Giannoulakis, Stylianos, and Arrigo Beretta. PR-471-18210-R01 Pump Failure and Performance Degradation Prediction. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), September 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011801.

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Sulzer Pumps Incorporation is performing fundamental research for developing an early pump failure prediction method, for better supporting its customers. Target is to protect critical equipment and reduce unplanned outages. This effort focuses on combining modern machine learning anomaly detection techniques with pump physical know-how. The developed approach was tested with real life failure datasets, provided by Pipeline Research Council International members. In addition, a performance degradation technique was inspired by anomaly detection learnings and tested at this project.
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Scime, Luke, William Halsey, James Haley, Alka Singh, Michael Sprayberry, Amir Ziabari, and Vincent Paquit. Development of Monitoring Techniques for Laser Powder Bed Additive Manufacturing of Metal Structures (Progress Report). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1675044.

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