Academic literature on the topic 'Additional layers'
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Journal articles on the topic "Additional layers"
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Sashkova, Ya V., and Ye N. Odarenko. "THE MODIFIED BRAGG WAVEGUIDE WITH ADDITIONAL LAYERS." Telecommunications and Radio Engineering 77, no. 6 (2018): 489–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/telecomradeng.v77.i6.20.
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Kerr, Arnold D. "Additional comments on buckling analyses of embedded layers." Tectonophysics 169, no. 1-3 (November 1989): 149–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(89)90188-1.
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STEWART, ANDREW L., and PAUL J. DELLAR. "Multilayer shallow water equations with complete Coriolis force. Part 1. Derivation on a non-traditional beta-plane." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 651 (March 24, 2010): 387–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112009993922.
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We derive equations to describe the flow of multiple superposed layers of inviscid, incompressible fluids with constant densities over prescribed topography in a rotating frame. Motivated by geophysical applications, these equations incorporate the complete Coriolis force. We do not make the widely used ‘traditional approximation’ that omits the contribution to the Coriolis force from the locally horizontal part of the rotation vector. Our derivation is performed by averaging the governing Euler equations over each layer, and from two different forms of Hamilton's variational principle that differ in their treatment of the coupling between layers. The coupling may be included implicitly through the map from Lagrangian particle labels to particle coordinates, or explicitly by adding terms representing the work done on each layer by the pressure exerted by the layers above. The latter approach requires additional terms in the Lagrangian, but extends more easily to many layers. We show that our equations obey the expected conservation laws for energy, momentum and potential vorticity. The conserved momentum and potential vorticity are modified by non-traditional effects. The vertical component of the rotation vector that appears in the potential vorticity for each layer under the traditional approximation is replaced by the component perpendicular to the layer's midsurface. The momentum includes an additional contribution that reflects changes in angular momentum caused by changes in a fluid element's distance from the rotation axis as it is displaced vertically. Again, this effect is absent in the traditional approximation.
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Mickaitis, Marius, Aleksandras Jagniatinskis, and Boris Fiks. "AIRBORNE SOUND INSULATION IMPROVEMENT ON MASONRY PARTITIONS USING ADDITIONAL PLASTERBOARD LAYERS." Engineering Structures and Technologies 3, no. 1 (March 21, 2011): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/skt.2011.04.
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For the purposes of accumulating knowledge of how to comply with requirements for new buildings of obligatory sound class C or enhanced acoustic comfort sound classes A and B (Lithuanian Building Technical regulations STR 2.01.07:2003), the article discusses improvement on airborne sound insulation of partitions between dwellings using additional plasterboard layers. The results of an empirical approach were obtained performing in situ measurements of the partitions of masonry from silicate blocks and expanded-clay concrete blocks. Theoretical calculations without the evaluation of flanking paths are added. The paper looks at the peculiarities of in situ measurement methods and the estimation of the limiting uncertainty of the sound reduction index. It is showed that the values of the in situ measurements of the airborne sound reduction index in accordance with requirements EN ISO 140 and EN ISO 717 series for rooms having volume higher than 50 m3 varies depending on frequency range. It has been stated, that improvement on the weighed airborne sound reduction index in the frequency range from 100 Hz to 3150 Hz depends on the properties of additional layers and on the characteristics of the main constructions. Resonance in the low frequency range arising due to additional layers may reduce the weighed airborne sound reduction index defined in the frequency range from 50 Hz to 3150 Hz. This fact must be taken into account when designing improvement on masonry wall insulation using an additional layer in dwellings.
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Maslov, V. P., A. V. Fedorenko, V. P. Kladko, O. Yo Gudymenko, K. M. Bozhko, and N. M. Zashchepkina. "Structure and electrical resistance of the passivating ZnSe layer on Ge." Semiconductor Physics, Quantum Electronics and Optoelectronics 24, no. 04 (November 23, 2021): 425–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/spqeo24.04.425.
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In this article, we have considered the p-i-n Ge photodetector with ZnSe passivating layer. Passivation layer needs to be protected photodetector from dust, rain drops and other external influences. However, this passivation layer can cause errors in photodetector image. When creating a passivating ZnSe layer on Ge, which is used in p-i-n Ge photodetectors, we found two additional phases GeSe and GeSe2 that do not contradict with their state diagram. The above phases can have an essential effect on performances of the passivating layer. Therefore, to study the electrical resistance of this layer, we prepared model samples of layers containing the GeSe and GeSe2 with the thickness 0.5…1.8 µm and area 1 cm2. To measure the electrical resistance of these layers, we used elastic contacts. The performed measurements have shown that Se layers on Ge have an intermediate resistance between that of ZnSe on Ge and pure Ge, and, therefore, the effect of additional phases practically does not worsen the passivating properties of the ZnSe layer on Ge.
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Lampropoulos, Andreas, Ourania Tsioulou, and Stephanos Dritsos. "Shrinkage Effect on Beams Strengthened with Additional Concrete Layers." IABSE Symposium Report 102, no. 20 (September 1, 2014): 1520–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/222137814814067996.
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Leandro, Lorenzo, Radu Malureanu, Noemi Rozlosnik, and Andrei Lavrinenko. "Ultrathin, Ultrasmooth Gold Layer on Dielectrics without the Use of Additional Metallic Adhesion Layers." ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 7, no. 10 (March 4, 2015): 5797–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/am508681u.
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Kondrashov, Ivan, Maxim Komlenok, Pavel Pivovarov, Sergey Savin, Elena Obraztsova, and Maxim Rybin. "Preparation of Copper Surface for the Synthesis of Single-Layer Graphene." Nanomaterials 11, no. 5 (April 22, 2021): 1071. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11051071.
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Chemical vapor deposition synthesis of graphene on copper foil from methane is the most promising technology for industrial production. However, an important problem of the formation of the additional graphene layers during synthesis arises due to the strong roughness of the initial copper foil. In this paper, various approaches are demonstrated to form a smooth copper surface before graphene synthesis to reduce the amount of few layer graphene islands. Six methods of surface processing of copper foils are studied and the decrease of the roughness from 250 to as low as 80 nm is achieved. The correlation between foil roughness and the formation of the additional layer is demonstrated. Under optimized conditions of surface treatment, the content of the additional graphene layer drops from 9 to 2.1%. The quality and the number of layers of synthesized graphene are analyzed by Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and measurements of charge mobility.
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Duanghathaipornsuk, Surachet, Sushil Kanel, Emily F. Haushalter, Jessica E. Ruetz, and Dong-Shik Kim. "Detection of Hydroxyl Radicals Using Cerium Oxide/Graphene Oxide Composite on Prussian Blue." Nanomaterials 10, no. 6 (June 9, 2020): 1136. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10061136.
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A composite sensor consisting of two separate inorganic layers of Prussian blue (PB) and a composite of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeNPs) and graphene oxide (GO), is tested with •OH radicals. The signals from the interaction between the composite layers and •OH radicals are characterized using cyclic voltammetry (CV). The degradation of PB in the presence of H2O2 and •OH radicals is observed and its impact on the sensor efficiency is investigated. The results show that the composite sensor differentiates between the solutions with and without •OH radicals by the increase of electrochemical redox current in the presence of •OH radicals. The redox response shows a linear relation with the concentration of •OH radicals where the limit of detection, LOD, is found at 60 µM (100 µM without the PB layer). When additional composite layers are applied on the composite sensor to prevent the degradation of PB layer, the PB layer is still observed to be degraded. Furthermore, the sensor conductivity is found to decrease with the additional layers of composite. Although the CeNP/GO/PB composite sensor demonstrates high sensitivity with •OH radicals at low concentrations, it can only be used once due to the degradation of PB.
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Wei, Ying Rong, and Fu Ma. "The Numerical Analysis of Isolation System in the Sandwich Structure Based on Properties of Reinforced Concrete." Advanced Materials Research 788 (September 2013): 578–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.788.578.
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The calculation of isolated structures mature finite element analysis software MIDAS / Gen choice of 8 degrees Area with five framework for the establishment of the original five-layer structure model, the five-story concrete frame + two layers of steel frame structure model, the five-story concrete frame + two layers of concrete frame structure model, the five-story concrete frame + two layers of steel frame structure model (isolation), the five-story concrete frame two layers of concrete frame structure model (isolated) five models numerical Analysis. Being frequently occurred earthquake response spectrum analysis to come to the results that the building structure using additional layers isolation measures compare with not using layer structure measures, the former can significantly reduce the seismic action [1].
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Additional layers"
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Sashkova, Y. V., and E. N. Odarenko. "The Effect of Additional Layers Parameters on the Modifided Bragg Waveguide Characteristics." Thesis, IEEE, 2017. https://openarchive.nure.ua/handle/document/18112.
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Bragg waveguide with additional layers between hollow core and periodic cladding is considered. On the base of dispersion equation solutions dispersion diagrams are obtained. The transversal spatial distributions of the electric field intensity are shown. The characteristics of Bragg waveguide respect to additional layer thickness and permittivity are considered. It is shown that increase of additional layers thickness results in increase of slow-waves number. Also field intensity decay in channel is reduced. Number of slow-waves increases respect to additional layers permittivity too. But distribution of the electric field intensity in the channel changes insignificantly. So one can tune additional layers parameters to get expected Bragg waveguide characteristics.
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Odarenko, E. N., Y. V. Sashkova, and A. A. Shmat’ko. "Localized field enhancement in slow-wave modes of modified Bragg waveguide." Thesis, IEEE, 2017. https://openarchive.nure.ua/handle/document/18123.
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Modified scheme of Bragg reflection waveguide
with additional layers between the hollow core and cladding is
considered. Dispersion diagrams are calculated on the base of
dispersion equations solutions for ordinary and modified Bragg
waveguides. Slow-wave regimes are considered for both kinds of
structure. Electric field spatial distributions for localized slowwave
modes of Bragg reflection waveguide are obtained. It is
shown that modified scheme of Bragg waveguide provides the
enhanced localization of the surface modes field in the hollow
core. Therefore modified Bragg waveguide is the promising
electrodynamic system not only for laser-driven accelerators but
also for the vacuum electron devices where usual slow-wave
structures are unconvenient.
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Xie, Fei. "A novel clear foil cushion construction incorporating an additional water layer." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2011. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/13206/.
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Pneumatic clear foil cushion systems, notably as ETFE foil cushions have been developed as an alternative technology to large-scale glass glazing systems for wide-span buildings. The systems display better thermal performance and have advantages of extremely low dead-weight constructions compared to conventional glazing systems, and thereby the increasing popularity of foil cushion cladding systems have been witnessed in the last decades. However due to their lightweight and thinness, the thermal behaviour of architectural foil membranes exhibits a high responsiveness to variations in external conditions. For this reason, it is argued that the reliable prediction of the thermal environment experienced in a space enclosed by a tensile membrane skin construction would require a bespoke modelling of the dynamic thermal behaviour of such a construction at first. Building envelopes clad with such cushions, such as the famous Eden project in the UK, need a dynamic system to control overheating in summer. A cooling liquid layer constructed within a clear multi-layer toil cushion envelope is proposed in this thesis. It enables rapid cooling effects on the building envelope. The system is based on an evaporative cooling mechanism and is integrated with the inflated cushion to provide desired cooling effect eco-friendly. The implications of the forms and configurations of clear foil cushion constructions with and without a cooling liquid layer in the overheating control were evaluated in this research project. Data were collected from a series of experiments to ascertain the effects of the additional cooling water layer on heat transfer processes within the foil skin construction. The results demonstrated that the thermal behaviour of a foil penal depended mainly on surface convection and radiation heat transfer and the cooling performance of the water layer within the foil skin constructions was evident. The initial experimental outcomes were valuable for the design of such novel dynamic cooling systems. In order to assess the effect that different pneumatic foil skin constructions with a water layer might have on thermal conditions inside the enclosed space, the thermal behaviour of full-scale indoor double-layer foil cushion enclosure and triple-layer foil skin construction, with varying evaporative cooling integrative ways and foil skin constructions, were tested during the course of this research. The test datasets were compared according to the research objectives and with the environmental control strategy proposed at the initial design stages. The investigated thermal behaviour of the foil skin constructions incorporating a water layer serves as a reference basis for the analytic modelling of the tested double and triple-layer foil skin constructions in order to predict their surface temperatures and the solar radiation directed into the space they enclose. The approach is based on a detailed modelling of the radiative and convective heat transfer processes affecting the membrane surfaces. These prediction results derived from the model were compared against the environmental data obtained on the test rigs. The developed analytical model is only tentative, as some thermal transfer processes, such as long wave radiation exchanges between the foil sheets, have not been accounted for in this model. Further work is required to develop this model in order to appreciate the thermal performance of such novel foil cushion constructions more precisely and extend their building applications.
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Kinkade, Brittany Reanne. "Addition of a Stanton Gauge to the Boundary Layer Data System." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2014. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1260.
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The Stanton gauge technique provides an indirect method for measurement of skin friction on a smooth aerodynamic surface in which a pressure tap is available. This thesis presents the design and evaluation of a new type of skin friction measurement gauge based on the Stanton gauge concept but not requiring a surface pressure tap. This new skin friction measurement gauge, called a "Flow Tab", can therefore be used on an aerodynamic model or aircraft surface without alteration of the surface. The Flow Tab is thus particularly well-suited to use with Cal Poly's Boundary Layer Data System (BLDS), a small, self-contained instrument that can be installed onto a model or aircraft surface without permanent alteration of the surface. A series of preliminary experiments conducted in a low-speed wind tunnel on a flat plate model with mild favorable pressure gradient, with both laminar and turbulent boundary layers, led to selection of three variants of the Flow Tab design. These Flow Tabs had edge heights of 0.002, 0.0035, and 0.005 inches, giving dimensionless heights h+ of 1.4 -16 over the streamwise Reynolds number range of about 0.7 to 2.2 million. Uncertainty analysis and test results demonstrated that better than 10% measurement uncertainty for the Flow Tab results could be achieved with edge heights of 0.0035 and 0.005 inches using the same calibration equations as published for the Stanton gauge. Further investigation of its performance over a wider range of Reynolds numbers, and in more complex conditions including those encountered on swept wings with a variety of pressure gradients, is recommended. Integration of the flow tab with BLDS for flight testing applications presents challenges related to its relatively small pressure signal that may require some special modifications to existing BLDS hardware and software.
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Гайдай, Олександр Анатолійович, Александр Анатольевич Гайдай, and A. A. Gajdaj. "Обґрунтування технологічних параметрів виїмки тонких і некондиційних вугільних пластів в слабометаморфізованих вміщуючих породах." Thesis, Видавництво НГУ, 2011. http://ir.nmu.org.ua/handle/123456789/130.
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Дисертація на здобуття вченого ступеня кандидата технічних наук за спеціальністю 05.15.02 – «Підземна розробка родовищ корисних копалин». ДВНЗ “Національний гірничий університет”, Дніпропетровськ, 2011.Диссертация на соискание учёной степени кандидата технических наук по специальности 05.15.02 - "Подземная разработка месторождений полезных ископаемых". ГВУЗ "Национальный горный университет", Днепропетровск, 2011.
The dissertation on reception of the scientific degree of candidate technical science on a specialty 05.15.02 – «Underground mining of mineral deposits». SHEI “National Mining University”, Dnipropetrovsk, 2011.
Дисертація присвячена обґрунтуванню технологічних параметрів підземної розробки тонких і некондиційних вугільних пластів із присічкою слабометаморфізованих вміщуючих порід, а також установленню діапазону ефективності виїмки за умови запропонованих рішень з підвищення якості гірської маси з урахуванням використання вторинної сировини. Розроблено алгоритм обґрунтування раціональних параметрів технологічних схем виїмки тонких і некондиційних вугільних пластів у складних гірничо-геологічних умовах шахт Західного Донбасу. В дисертації запропоновано залучення додаткового видобутку гірської маси, що виймається з некондиційних вугільних пластів з підвищенням якості при готуванні композиційного палива з використанням відходів гірничого виробництва за допомогою адгезійно-хімічної технології згрудкування. На основі отриманих результатів обґрунтовано технологічні параметри отриманого твердого палива відповідним вимогам при спалюванні, а також можливість використання відходів гірничого виробництва як додатковий видобуток при підземній розробці. Очікуваний річний економічний ефект від впровадження рекомендацій при видобутку на шахті «Дніпровська» ВАТ «Павлоградвугілля» сягає 21,715 млн.грн. Результати запропоновані і впроваджені в технологічні проекти при одержанні додаткового видобутку на вугільних підприємствах Дніпропетровської, Донецької і Луганської областей.
Диссертация посвящена обоснованию технологических параметров подземной разработки тонких и некондиционных угольных пластов с присечкой слабометаморфизированных вмещаючих пород, а также установлению диапазона эффективности выемки при условии предложенных решений по повышению качества горной массы с учетом использования вторичного сырья. В роботе выполнено исследование качества добываемого угля с учётом изменения горно-геологических условий в выемочном столбе. Проведён анализ изменения качественных характеристик добываемой горной массы, по технологической цепочке от очистного забоя на поверхность. Разработан алгоритм обоснования рациональных параметров технологических схем выемки тонких и некондиционных угольных пластов в сложных горно-геологических условиях шахт Западного Донбасса. В диссертации предложено и обосновано привлечение дополнительной добычи горной массы, которая вынимается из некондиционных угольных пластов с повышением качества при приготовлении композиционного топлива с использованием отходов горного производства с помощью адгезионо-химической технологии окускования. Выполнен комплекс исследований гранулометрического, минерального и химического составов добываемой горной массы, угольных штыбов и шламов. При аналитической обработке результатов исследований гранулометрического состава установлено требование к подготовке композиционного топлива к процессу окускования, при котором все пробы, имеющие классы крупности более 5-6 мм, должны быть далее измельчены с помощью механических средств. При изучении минерального и химического состава были получены подробные данные, с помощью которых можно определить виды активирующих или добавляющих адгезионные (клеящие) свойства веществ, а также дать точный прогноз параметров процесса окускования твёрдого топлива. В результате исследований электрокинетических свойств составляющих композиционное топлива экспериментально установлено, что при активации и перетирании показатели заряженности на поверхности частиц увеличиваются в среднем 2-2,5 раза. При этом рост заряженности ведёт к увеличению прочности и улучшению структурообразования топлива. Учёт этих закономерностей позволяет обосновать физико-механические параметры композиционного топлива с крепостью на одноосное сжатие более 90 кг/см2. На основе полученных результатов исследований обоснованы технологические параметры полученного твердого топлива соответствующие требованиям при сжигании, а также возможность использования отходов горного производства как дополнительной добычи при подземной разработке. Ожидаемый годовой экономический эффект от внедрения рекомендаций при добыче на шахте "Днепровская" ОАО "Павлоградуголь" достигает 21,715 млн.грн. Результаты предложены и внедрены в технологические проекты при получении дополнительной добычи на угольных предприятиях Днепропетровской, Донецкой и Луганской областей.
The dissertation is devoted to the substantiation of the technological parameters of underground mining shallow and sub-standard coal layers of weakly metamorphosed adjoining rocks, as well as to determining of the range of the effectiveness of mining in the condition of suggested by decision on the increase of the quality of rock with allowance for using of secondary raw material. The algorithm of the substantiation of the rational parameters of the technological schemes of mining shallow and sub-standard coal layers in complex geological mining conditions on mines of West Donets Basin is developed.
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Nasiri, Naseer. "Åhaga : a collage of time." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-146753.
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Åhaga is a facility building for music, theater, sports, trade shows, product-launches and other events located in the city of Borås. The building is owned and run by the Åhaga Foundation and annually has over 100 000 people visiting it for different purpose. It consists of the original part from 1903 and three different extensions from 1920, 1940 and 2002. The task of this project was to do another extension to the existing building which deals with the question of adjusting and relating to Åhga's cultural/ historical context and together with the original building meet new demands and functions. "The accumulation of overlapping traces from successive periods, each trace modifying and being modified by the new additions to produce something like a collage of time” is a thought shared by Kevin Lynch in his work What time is this place. The essence of the project has been to add a new layer of time to a historical context while enhancing the complexity and contrast. The aim has been to accomplish an interesting architectural entirety.Åhaga är en anläggning för musik, teater, sport, mässor, produktlanseringar och andra evenemang som ligger i Borås. Byggnaden ägs och förvaltas av Åhaga Stiftelse och årligen har över 100 000 besökare för olika ändamål. Anläggningen består av den ursprungliga delen från 1903 och tre olika tillbyggnader från 1920, 1940 och 2002. Uppgiften för det här projektet var att göra ett ytterligare tillägg till den befintliga anläggningen och som tar upp frågan om hur nya tillägg tar hänsyn till det kulturhistoriska värdet av en befintlig byggnad och tillsammans med den ursprungliga byggnaden uppfyller nya krav och funktioner. "The accumulation of overlapping traces from successive periods, each trace modifying and being modified by the new additions to produce something like a collage of time” är vad Kevin Lynch skriver i hans bok What time is this place. Kärnan i projektet har varit att lämna spår från vår tid i ett historiskt kontext och samtidigt stärka komplexitet och kontrasten. Målsättningen i projektet har varit att åstadkomma en intressant arkitektonisk helhet.
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Souchet, Raphaële. "Etude du rôle du fer et du manganèse lors de l'oxydation d'alliages cuivre-nickel industriels." Rouen, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ROUES020.
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L'étude du rôle du fer et du manganèse lors des premiers stades d'oxydation d'alliages cuivre-nickel industriels de type 90/10 est conduite sur la base d'une confrontation entre deux nuances dont l'une est chargée en ces éléments (1. 2% de fer et 0. 8% de manganèse). Les oxydations sont réalisées pour une gamme de températures comprises entre l'ambiante et 450° C et suivies à l'aide de méthodes d'analyse complémentaires. La spectroscopie de photoélectrons induits par un rayonnement X et la sonde atomique sont utilisées pour les oxydations à basse température (<200° C) alors que les spectroscopies optiques (IRFT et UV-Vis-PIR) et la spectrométrie de masse des ions secondaires le sont pour de plus hautes températures. La confrontation des résultats obtenus par ces diverses techniques révèle que le film d'oxydes formé, quelle que soit la température, s'organise selon une structure duplex ou bicouche avec une couche riche en oxyde de cuivre plus en surface (Cu2O puis CuO pour des oxydations plus importantes) et un mélange d'oxydes de cuivre et de nickel plus en profondeur (Cu2O et NiO). L'étude des cinétiques d'oxydation montre l'existence de deux mécanismes de diffusion contrôlant l'oxydation: diffusion du cuivre de l'alliage vers l'interface oxyde-air pour les premières étapes d'oxydation, puis diffusion de l'oxygène de la surface vers l'alliage pour des temps d'oxydations plus importants. Les éléments d'addition, Fe et Mn, sont toujours présents dans la couche interne d'oxydes. Ils modifient la cinétique de croissance ainsi que la composition et l'adhérence des films d'oxydes formés
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Kuchařík, David. "Přístavba základní školy." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-392087.
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The thesis is focused on the design and elaboration of the project documentation of the extension of the elementary school, which is located in Starý Plzenec. The documentation contains requirements according to valid regulations. The proposal is based on the investor's request, which was published as part of the architectural competition announcement. A new building with 1 underground and 3 floors, forming the Y-shaped ground plan, is located on a slightly sloping terrain. In the building there are cloakrooms, kitchen, dining room, 4 main and 4 professional classrooms and hygienic and technical background. The project proposes a slight modification of the existing building. This proposal solves the barrier-free accessibility of both buildings, except for the attic classroom of the existing building. The project also counts from the second construction phase, the construction of a sports hall on the schools premises, which is still not dealt with. In proposal is a new main entrance to the building from the southern side. The support system is wall-mounted. The perimeter walls are made of monolithic concrete connected to concrete monolithic horizontal bearing structures. The inner bearing walls are made of ceramic blocks. The building is covered with a single-layer flat roof with a vegetation layer. The thermal insulation of the building is solved by a thermal insulation system with a ventilated facade. Fire safety, energy saving and thermal protection are provided.
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Вербицька, Марина Юріївна. "Фазовий склад, структура і магнітні властивості нанорозмірних плівкових композицій FePt з додатковими шарами Au." Thesis, КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського, 2019. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/30099.
Full textAbstract:
Дисертаційна робота присвячена визначенню закономірностей формування
фазового складу, структури і магнітних властивостей в нанорозмірних плівках
Fe50Pt50-Au та багатошарових композиціях [Pt/Fe]n (n = 1, 4, 8) на підкладках
SiO2(100 нм)/Si(001) та Al2O3 (1010) при термічних відпалах. Встановлено, що
контролюючи рівень механічних напружень та їх знак у шарі Fe50Pt50 зміненням
товщини, розташування, кількості додаткових шарів Au, швидкості нагріву та
атмосфери при відпалі (вакуум, азот, водень), можна керувати процесами
упорядкування та формуванням фазового складу, структури та магнітними
властивостями в плівкових композиціях. Застосування водневої термообробки
прискорює процеси упорядкування в плівках Fe50Pt50/Au/Fe50Pt50 порівняно з
відпалом у вакуумі за рахунок створення додаткових стискаючих напружень при
втіленні атомів водню у пустоти кристалічної гратки фази L10-FePt. При цьому вісь
легкого намагнічування c у зернах фази L10-FePt розташовується у площині плівки.
Швидкий термічний відпал плівкових композицій [Pt/Fe]n (де n=4, 8) на
підкладках SiO2(100 нм)/Si(001) в атмосфері азоту призводить до орієнтованого
росту зерен фази L10-FePt з віссю легкого намагнічування c, розташованою в
напрямку [001], перпендикулярному площині плівки.The work is devoted to definition of the phase composition formation regularities, structure and magnetic properties in nanoscale Fe50Pt50-Au films and multilayered [Pt/Fe]n (n = 1, 4, 8) compositions on SiO2(100 nm)/Si(001) and Al2O3 (1010) substrates at thermal annealings. It is established that by supervising of mechanical stresses level and their sign in Fe50Pt50 layer by change of a thickness, location, quantity of additional Au layers and annealing conditions (temperature, duration, speed of heating and atmosphere vacuum, nitrogen, hydrogen) one can operate by ordering processes and phase compound formation, structure and magnetic properties of film compositions The variations in residual stresses/strains level and sign in the FePt layer of as-deposited films influense the change in the ordered L10-FePt phase formation temperature, structure and the coercivity in the film compositions. Increasing the level of compressive stresses in the Fe50Pt50 layer causes a decrease in the ordering temperature and improvement of the magnetic properties. It is established that oriented grain growth with c-axis of easy magnetization in the [001] direction perpendicular to the film plane at annealing in vacuum occurs in films with a smaller thickness of the intermediate Au(7.5 nm) layer due to the higher level of compressive strains in the deposited films. Increasing the thickness of the Au layer to 15 nm and reducing the level of compressive deformations contributes to the growth of FePt grains with the c-axis of easy magnetization in the plane of the film. The same orientation can be achieved by increasing the thickness of the intermediate Au layer to 30 nm. 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comparison with lms in comparison with lms in comparison with lms in comparison with lms in comparison with lms in comparison with lms in comparison with lms in comparison with lms in comparison with lms in comparison with lms in comparison with lms in comparison with lms in comparison with lms in comparison with lms in comparison with lms in comparison with lms in comparison with lms in comparison with annealing annealingannealingannealing annealingannealingannealing in vacuum at in vacuum at in vacuum at in vacuum at in vacuum at in vacuum at in vacuum at in vacuum at in vacuum at in vacuum at in vacuum at the costthe costthe cost the cost the costthe cost of creation additional compressiof creation of additional compressi of creation additional compressi of creation additional compressiof creation of additional compressiof creation of additional compressiof creation of additional compressiof creation of additional compressiof creation of additional compressiof creation of additional 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of hydrogenhydrogenhydrogenhydrogen hydrogenhydrogenhydrogen atoms atoms atoms atoms atoms in to L10-FePt phase crystal lattice FePt phase crystal latticeFePt phase crystal latticeFePt phase crystal latticeFePt phase crystal latticeFePt phase crystal lattice FePt phase crystal lattice FePt phase crystal lattice FePt phase crystal latticeFePt phase crystal latticeFePt phase crystal lattice FePt phase crystal latticeFePt phase crystal latticeFePt phase crystal latticeFePt phase crystal latticeFePt phase crystal latticeFePt phase crystal latticeFePt phase crystal lattice voidsvoidsvoidsvoidsvoids. Thus the c-axis of easy magnetization in L10-FePt phasephasephase phase grains is located in the film plane. Hydrogen treatment allows to obtain higher values of coercivity (27.3 kOe) in Fe50Pt50/Au/Fe50Pt50 film compositions at a lower annealing temperature of 700 °C than at annealing in vacuum (900 °C), due to the intensive penetration of hydrogen atoms into the film. It was determined that due to the action of the compressive stress during the diffusion of gold along the grain boundaries and the increase in the number of interfaces in films with an intermediate Au(7.5 nm) layer, the ordered L10-FePt phase formation temperature the can be reduced compared to the other Au layer location. In the films with various Au layer location (top, intermediate, under-) separated from the substrate, the same tendency of the A1→ L10 phase transformation temperature changing as in the films on the substrate is remained: the ordering temperature is lower in film with intermediate Au(7.5 nm) layer then in Au/FeAu/FeAu/FeAu/Fe 50 Pt 50 and and and and Fe 50 Pt 50 /Au filmsfilmsfilmsfilmsfilms. In this work it is also shown that the increase in the number of interfaces in [Pt/Fe]n film compositions, where n = 1, 4, 8, while maintaining the total film thickness, promotes the activation in diffusion processes and the formation of the disordered phase A1-FePt in the composition [Pt/Fe]4 and partially ordered regions with tetragonal distortions in the [Pt/Fe]8 composition already during deposition. Rapid thermal annealing of [Pt/Fe]n film compositions (where n = 4, 8) on SiO2(100 nm)/Si(001) substrates in nitrogen atmosphere leads to the oriented growth of L10-FePt phase grains with a c-axis of easy magnetization, located in [001] direction, perpendicular to film plane. The recommendations for controlling the stress state, the reduction of the temperature of the ordered L10-FePt phase formation, the obtaining of c-axis of easy magnetization oriented perpendicular or parallel to the film plane in the film based on FePt, application of which by thermal activated method will allow to increase the magnetic recording density and storage information were developed
Диссертационная работа посвящена определению закономерностей формирования фазового состава, структуры и магнитных свойств в наноразмерных пленках Fe50Pt50-Au и многослойных композициях [Pt/Fe]n (n = 1, 4, 8) на подложках SiO2(100 нм)/Si(001) и Al2O3 при термических отжигах. Установлено, что контролируя уровень механических напряжений и их знак в слое Fe50Pt50 изменением толщины, расположения, количества дополнительных слоев Au, скорости нагрева и атмосферы при отжиге можно управлять процесами упорядочения и формированием фазового состава, структуры и магнитными свойствами в пленочных композициях. Применение водородной термообработки ускоряет процессы упорядочения в пленках Fe50Pt50/Au/Fe50Pt50, по сравнению с отжигом в вакууме, за счет создания дополнительных сжимающих напряжений при внедрении атомов водовода в пустоты кристаллической решетки фазы L10-FePt. При этом ось легкого намагничиваня c в зернах фази L10-FePt располагается в плоскости пленки. Быстрый термический отжиг пленочных композиций [Pt/Fe]n (где n=4, 8) на подложках SiO2(100 нм)/Si(001) в атмосфере азота приводит к ориентированному росту зерен фазы L10-FePt с осью легкого намагничивания c, расположенной в направлении [001], перпендикулярном плоскости пленки.
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Moscatelli, Michel. "Role du molybdene dans la dissolution et la passivation d'alliages nickel-molybdene : influence du soufre." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066542.
Full textAbstract:
Les effets d'amelioration des capacites de passivation apportees par le molybdene et les effets de depassivation induits par le soufre adsorbe et en solution solide ont ete etudies en milieu h::(2)so::(4) sur des alliages monocristallins a base de nickel contenant 2% et 6% de molybdene, a l'aide de techniques electrochimiques et radiochimiques (traceur s**(35))
Books on the topic "Additional layers"
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Cavell, Richard. Remediating McLuhan. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789089649508.
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While current scholarly interest has assured Marshall McLuhan's (1911-80) foundational status as a media theorist, much room still exists for further exploration of his writings, which have taken on additional layers of significance in our contemporary digital moment. Holding that media were extensions of the human, McLuhan also posited that the human was a product of technology. Ranging across fields as diverse as art history, biotechnology, and beyond, this collection of essays considers McLuhan's ground-breaking approach within a number of new contexts and explores the distinguishing features of his media theory.
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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations. Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer: Report together with additional views) to accompany Treaty doc. 99-9). [Washington, D.C.?: U.S. G.P.O., 1986.
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Bianconi, Ginestra. Communities. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198753919.003.0008.
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Multilayer networks have a mesoscale structure organized in multilayer communities, spanning different layers and often revealing important functional properties of the network. In this chapter the major techniques proposed for detecting and characterizing the multilayer communities are described, including: generalized modularity, consensus clustering, multilayer infomaps, multilink communities, tensorial decomposition, Normalized Mutual Information, theta indicators. The main benefits and limitations of these approaches are discussed and revealed by analysing the results obtained on real datasets coming from sociology, technology, molecular biology and brain networks. Additionally, techniques for layer aggregation and disaggregation are here discussed. These methods are compared and commented in order to provide a general perspective on the subject.
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Bilow, Marcel, Tillmann Klein, and Ulrich Knaack. FAÇADES. 010 publishers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.47982/bookrxiv.12.
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Façade technology of the 20th century is related to the dissolution of the massive wall into a separation of structure and façade. Looking at the development of façade technology, after 60 years of curtain wall systems, 30 years of element-façade systems and ten years of experience with the integration of environmental services in double façades, it can be concluded that the peak of optimisation has been reached. No further technical developments can be expected by continuing to apply extra layers for each additional technical function. Understanding façades - or better envelopes - as part of an integral building, we have to see that creating the future envelope has to be done on a ’network’ basis: employing systems - but also methods of thinking - which provide the possibility to develop different aspects simultaneously and combine them as required. The envelope has to be seen as a functional part of the entire building, serving a part of the demand by providing the necessary technologies and qualities. In this regard, we have to withdraw from material and structure-orientated thinking and construction – we have to develop the envelope as a hybrid system: materials, technologies and production processes have to be integrated into the summation and combined into an all-encompassing result. Façades comprise various themes covering strategic, material and technological developments. Aspects such as function integration, networking of elements, new structures and materials as well as the addition of functions to existing structures will be investigated and explained in 85 or so concrete ideas.
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Jemielniak, Dariusz. Thick Big Data. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198839705.001.0001.
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The social sciences are becoming datafied. The questions that have been considered the domain of sociologists, now are answered by data scientists, operating on large datasets, and breaking with the methodological tradition for better or worse. The traditional social sciences, such as sociology or anthropology, are thus under the double threat of becoming marginalized or even irrelevant; both because of the new methods of research, which require more computational skills, and because of the increasing competition from the corporate world, which gains an additional advantage based on data access. However, sociologists and anthropologists still have some important assets, too. Unlike data scientists, they have a long history of doing qualitative research. The more quantified datasets we have, the more difficult it is to interpret them without adding layers of qualitative interpretation. Big Data needs Thick Data. This book presents the available arsenal of new tools for studying the society quantitatively, but also show the new methods of analysis from the qualitative side and encourages their combination. In shows that Big Data can and should be supplemented and interpreted through thick data, as well as cultural analysis, in a novel approach of Thick Big Data.The book is critically important for students and researchers in the social sciences to understand the possibilities of digital analysis, both in the quantitative and qualitative area, and successfully build mixed-methods approaches.
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Guzik, Tomasz J., and Rhian M. Touyz. Vascular pathophysiology of hypertension. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198755777.003.0019.
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Hypertension is a multifactorial disease, in which vascular dysfunction plays a prominent role. It occurs in over 30% of adults worldwide and an additional 30% are at high risk of developing the disease. Vascular pathology is both a cause of the disease and a key manifestation of hypertension-associated target-organ damage. It leads to clinical symptoms and is a key risk factor for cardiovascular disease. All layers of the vascular wall and the endothelium are involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Pathogenetic mechanisms, whereby vascular damage contributes to hypertension, are linked to increased peripheral vascular resistance. At the vascular level, processes leading to change sin peripheral resistance include hyper-contractility of vascular smooth muscle cells, endothelial dysfunction, and structural remodelling, due to aberrant vascular signalling, oxidative and inflammatory responses. Increased vascular stiffness due to vascular remodelling, adventitial fibrosis, and inflammation are key processes involved in sustained and established hypertension. These mechanisms are linked to vascular smooth muscle and fibroblast proliferation, migration, extracellular matrix remodelling, calcification, and inflammation. Apart from the key role in the pathogenesis of hypertension, hypertensive vasculopathy also predisposes to atherosclerosis, another risk factor for cardiovascular disease. This is linked to increased transmural pressure, blood flow, and shear stress alterations in hypertension, as well as endothelial dysfunction and vascular stiffness. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms and identifying potential novel treatments targeting hypertensive vasculopathy are of primary importance in vascular medicine.
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Fisher, David. Graphene Composite Supercapacitor Electrodes. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644901939.
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Graphene supercapacitors, also called ultracapacitors or electrical double-layer capacitors, have increasingly begun to rival conventional batteries. They allow to manipulate the nanoscale structure of carbon-based supercapacitors and offer the additional advantage of sequestering increasing amounts of carbon from the environment, thus helping to limit global warming. The book focuses on the choice of electrode materials, their properties and methods of fabrication. It references 494 original resources with their direct web links for in-depth reading.
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Gottschild, Brenda Dixon. Racing in Place. Edited by Rebekah J. Kowal, Gerald Siegmund, and Randy Martin. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199928187.013.21.
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This auto-critique examines the intersection of and nexus between dance studies and race/identity studies as viewed through the author’s life in dance and based on her fifty-year career that includes actualizations as professional dancer, professor, scholar-researcher, author, mentor, presenter, and consultant. It is a reflexive turn on the politics of writing, teaching, and speaking race, with dance as the lens. In order to revisit/reassess the backlash that resulted from scrutinizing an iconic “white” dance figure through an Africanist lens, the author dissects an essay that she wrote in 2004 which, in itself, was a deconstruction of the original controversy (dating back to the “culture wars” of the 1990s). Uncovering layer upon layer, the author presents additional complexities by bringing to bear her responses to ongoing issues of systemic and cultural racism as encountered in the dance field and discussed in her recent work.
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Escudier, Marcel. Turbulent flow. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198719878.003.0018.
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In this chapter the principal characteristics of a turbulent flow are outlined and the way that Reynolds’ time-averaging procedure, applied to the Navier-Stokes equations, leads to a set of equations (RANS) similar to those governing laminar flow but including additional terms which arise from correlations between fluctuating velocity components and velocity-pressure correlations. The complex nature of turbulent motion has led to an empirical methodology based upon the RANS and turbulence-transport equations in which the correlations are modelled. An important aspect of turbulent flows is the wide range of scales involved. It is also shown that treating near-wall turbulent shear flow as a Couette flow leads to the Law of the Wall and the log law. The effect of surface roughness on both the velocity distribution and surface shear stress is discussed. It is shown that the distribution of mean velocity within a turbulent boundary layer can be represented by a linear combination of the near-wall log law and an outer-layer Law of the Wake.
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van den Hoff, Maurice J. B., and Antoon F. M. Moorman. From heart-forming region to ballooning chambers. Edited by Miguel Torres. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198784906.003.0006.
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This chapter describes the formation of the adult four-chambered heart from the precardiac mesodermal cells. The precardiac mesoderm develops into a linear heart tube by the process of folding. The subsequent increase in size of the heart by the addition of precursor cells derived from the first and second heart fields is discussed. For the sake of clarity, the chapter describes the addition of precursor cells to the inflow and outflow, separately. Next, the formation of the ventricular chambers with respect to ballooning and differentiation into a compact and trabecular layer is discussed. Finally, the formation of the septa in the heart tube is described, creating the adult four-chambered heart.
Book chapters on the topic "Additional layers"
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Maitra, Subhamoy, and Goutam Paul. "Analysis of RC4 and Proposal of Additional Layers for Better Security Margin." In Progress in Cryptology - INDOCRYPT 2008, 27–39. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-89754-5_3.
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Doguzhaeva, Larisa A., and Harry Mutvei. "The Additional External Shell Layers Indicative of “Endocochleate Experiments” in Some Ammonoids." In Topics in Geobiology, 585–609. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9630-9_15.
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Todeva-Radneva, Anna, and Asen Beshkov. "A Cross-Cultural Values-Based Approach to the Diagnosis and Treatment of Dissociative (Conversion) Disorders." In International Perspectives in Values-Based Mental Health Practice, 221–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47852-0_25.
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AbstractThis case report presents the story of a young woman of Romani descent with a mixed dissociative (conversion) disorder within the contextual evidence-based and value-based medical framework. By painting the picture illustrating the course of her illness and the circumstances leading to the last clinical episode, compelling her most recent hospitalization, we delineate the contrast between common clinical phenomenology and the additional layers of the patient’s beliefs and values. Thus, we emphasize the importance of expanding the one-dimensional mainstream evidence-based approach, not only in cases of cross-cultural doctor-patient interactions but also in general medical practice, since the health attitudes and illness behaviors of every individual are influenced by their values and beliefs. In addition, the contemporary notion of medicine as a factual science requires a paradigm shift toward integrative multifaceted approaches if we as doctors are to treat human beings and not merely diseases.
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Marwedel, Peter. "System Software." In Embedded Systems, 203–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60910-8_4.
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AbstractIn order to cope with the complexity of applications of embedded systems, reuse of components is a key technique. As pointed out by Sangiovanni-Vincentelli (The context for platform-based design. IEEE Design and Test of Computers, 2002), software and hardware components must be reused in the platform-based design methosdology (see p. 296). These components comprise knowledge from earlier design efforts and constitute intellectual property (IP). Standard software components that can be reused include system software components such as embedded operating systems (OSs) and middleware. The last term denotes software that provides an intermediate layer between the OS and application software. This chapter starts with a description of general requirements for embedded operating systems. This includes real-time capabilities as well as adaptation techniques to provide just the required functionality. Mutually exclusive access to resources can result in priority inversion, which is a serious problem for real-time systems. Priority inversion can be circumvented with resource access protocols. We will present three such protocols: the priority inheritance, priority ceiling, and stack resource protocols. A separate section covers the ERIKA real-time system kernel. Furthermore, we will explain how Linux can be adapted to systems with tight resource constraints. Finally, we will provide pointers for additional reusable software components, like hardware abstraction layers (HALs), communication software, and real-time data bases. Our description of embedded operating systems and of middleware in this chapter is consistent with the overall design flow.
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Paro, Renato, Ueli Grossniklaus, Raffaella Santoro, and Anton Wutz. "Chromatin Dynamics." In Introduction to Epigenetics, 29–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68670-3_2.
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AbstractThe nucleus of a eukaryotic cell is a very busy place. Not only during replication of the DNA, but at any time in the cell cycle specific enzymes need access to genetic information to process reactions such as transcription and DNA repair. Yet, the nucleosomal structure of chromatin is primarily inhibitory to these processes and needs to be resolved in a highly orchestrated manner to allow developmental, organismal, and cell type-specific nuclear activities. This chapter explains how nucleosomes organize and structure the genome by interacting with specific DNA sequences. Variants of canonical histones can change the stability of the nucleosomal structure and also provide additional epigenetic layers of information. Chromatin remodeling complexes work locally to alter the regular beads-on-a-string organization and provide access to transcription and other DNA processing factors. Conversely, factors like histone chaperones and highly precise templating and copying mechanisms are required for the reassembly of nucleosomes and reestablishment of the epigenetic landscape after passage of activities processing DNA sequence information. A very intricate molecular machinery ensures a highly dynamic yet heritable chromatin template.
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Morimoto, Junko, Susumu Goto, Akito Kuroyanagi, Motoko Toyoshima, and Yuichiro Shida. "Natural Succession of Wetland Vegetation in a Flood-Control Pond Constructed on Abandoned Farmland." In Ecological Research Monographs, 209–24. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6791-6_13.
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AbstractCan a flood-control basin be considered a component of green infrastructure (GI) with not only disaster prevention functions but also biodiversity conservation functions? We studied the succession of wetland vegetation in a flood-control basin constructed in a floodplain. The number of species composing the buried seeds depended on the depth of the soil layer, with shallower (recent) layers having more species. Plants germinated from buried seeds in deep (ancient) soil layers were small and difficult to identify based on morphology alone, but DNA-based analyses made it possible to identify these species. The occurrence of three species of Juncus and Cyperus in the peat layer that developed between 840 and 1215 years ago indicates that it is possible to regenerate wetland plants from the past if the buried seeds are well preserved and in good condition. The excavated section of the experimental site, which was set in part of the flood-control basin, received dispersed seeds from the surrounding agricultural land and contained more species than did the soil layer itself. The shallower the water depth was (the shallower the excavation depth), the greater the number of species that occurred. In addition, species with different life forms occurred depending on the water depth. More species occurred in the entire flood-control basin than in the experimental site. The factors that determined the type of plant community were years since excavation, water depth, and water quality. Finally, we discussed the management practices concerning the supply of propagules and the management of suitable habitats as essential factors for flood-control basins constructed on fallow land to function as GI.
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Wiegand, C., J. Tittelbach, U. C. Hipler, and P. Elsner. "Water-Filtered Infrared A Irradiation: From Observations in Clinical Studies to Complex In Vitro Models." In Water-filtered Infrared A (wIRA) Irradiation, 203–12. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92880-3_17.
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AbstractSuccessful treatment of recalcitrant common hand and foot warts in a prospective randomized controlled blind trial using wIRA and PDT has been reported. In addition, in wound healing wIRA is mostly investigated in vitro based on the resolution of mechanical damage to confluent cell layers using the “scratch wound assay.” The latter enables the direct measurement of cell migration and regeneration of the cell layer. Preliminary studies for wIRA effects on wound closure in vitro have shown beneficial effects of single 10 min treatments. Although cellular processes induced and mediators involved still need to be elucidated, it is apparent that the observed clinical benefits of wIRA on wound healing can be investigated in vitro using adequate models and experimental settings. The next step is to employ 3D skin models for morphological investigations closely simulating in vivo conditions.
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Veitaite, Ilona, and Audrius Lopata. "Additional Knowledge Based MOF Architecture Layer for UML Models Generation Process." In Business Information Systems Workshops, 56–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26762-3_6.
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Akanksha Uniyal and Poornima Mittal. "Improvement in Performance of OLED by Introducing Additional Hole Blocking Layer." In Proceeding of International Conference on Intelligent Communication, Control and Devices, 1051–56. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1708-7_124.
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Armstrong, Sonya L. "Retrospective Metaphor Interviews as an additional layer in elicited metaphor investigations." In Metaphor in Language, Cognition, and Communication, 119–38. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/milcc.3.05arm.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Additional layers"
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French, P. J. "Enhancing silicon’s functionality with additional sensing/actuating layers." In 2020 International Semiconductor Conference (CAS). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cas50358.2020.9268034.
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Dominguez-Catena, I., D. Paternain, and M. Galar. "Additional Feature Layers from Ordered Aggregations for Deep Neural Networks." In 2020 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fuzz48607.2020.9177555.
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Sashkova, Y. V., and E. N. Odarenko. "The effect of additional layers parameters on the modifided Bragg waveguide characteristics." In 2017 IEEE International Young Scientists Forum on Applied Physics and Engineering (YSF). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ysf.2017.8126666.
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Hale, Richard, and Kyungpyo Kim. "Surface Deformation in a Circular Quasi-Isotropic Laminate Due to Additional Resin Layers." In 50th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2009-2420.
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Funke, Thomas, Steffen Golle, and Christoph Haberstroh. "Simulation of MLI concerning the influence of an additional heat load on intermediate layers." In ADVANCES IN CRYOGENIC ENGINEERING: Transactions of the Cryogenic Engineering Conference - CEC. AIP Publishing LLC, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4860772.
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Okada, Yoshito, Daiki Fujikura, Yu Ozawa, Kenjiro Tadakuma, Kazunori Ohno, and Satoshi Tadokoro. "HueCode: A Meta-marker Exposing Relative Pose and Additional Information in Different Colored Layers." In 2021 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icra48506.2021.9561783.
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Belubekyan, E. V., A. G. Poghosyan, and V. M. Khanikyan. "Bending of the rectangular plate made of composite material, strengthened by additional layers or stiffening ribs." In 3rd International Conference on Contemporary Problems in Architecture and Construction. IET, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2011.1173.
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Bar-On, Isa, Tracey S. Vincent, Mark Koslowske, and Heather K. Woodward-Hagg. "Modeling the Manufacturing Cost of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells." In ASME 2008 9th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2008-59600.
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During the past years solid oxide fuel cells have been developed with improved power densities at reduced operating temperatures. These cells consist of additional layers beyond the traditional two electrodes and the electrolyte layer. Some of these layers are only several microns thin posing a manufacturing challenge for traditional high volume manufacturing processes like tape casting or screen printing. Our previously developed process based cost model has been updated to include the additional layers, to account for yield improvements for thinner layers, and to anticipate the effect of equipment and process development. These latter improvements are assumed to improve automation and process control. Our results indicate that for improved processes with high yields these cells can readily meet manufacturing cost targets.
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Rasel, Abu, Evan Kimbro, Ram Mohan, and Ajit D. Kelar. "Computational and Experimental Investigation of the Low Velocity Impact Behavior of Nano Engineered E-Glass Fiber Reinforced Composite Laminates." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-86923.
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This paper presents computational and experimental investigation of the low velocity impact behavior of nano engineered E-glass fiber reinforced composite laminates. The Tetra Ethyl Orthosilicate (TEOS) chemically engineered glass nanofibers were manufactured using electrospinning technique and were investigated for their potential to improve the interlaminar properties. Plain weave fiberglass prepregs were used for manufacturing ten ply thick laminates. For production of the laminates with electrospinning interface layers the addition of the electrospinning sheets and an additional layer of resin film was used. The fabricated laminates were subjected to low velocity impacts of various energy levels to study the progressive damage and deformation mechanics of fiberglass laminates with and without electrospun nanofibers. The low velocity impact behavior was modeled using the transient dynamic finite element program LSDYNA. It was observed that the simulations results are in good agreement with the experimental results for lower impact energies. In addition, the simulated maximum impact force is smaller than the experimental value (soft response) at each drop height and at higher energy levels, the area under impact force vs time increases when electrospun nanofibers are used in the laminates. The study indicates that, the impact duration increases when electrospun nanofibers are used. Impact duration increases due to an additional damage accumulations in electrospun nanofibers layers. Both computational and experimental investigations clearly indicate that inserting interlaminar electrospun nanofiber layers improves the impact resistance of composites by absorbing additional impact energies.
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Deutsch, Steven, Michael Moeny, Arnold Fontaine, and Howard Petrie. "Microbubble Drag Reduction in Rough Walled Turbulent Boundary Layers." In ASME/JSME 2003 4th Joint Fluids Summer Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2003-45647.
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Experiments were conducted in the 12-inch diameter tunnel at ARL/PSU using the tunnel wall boundary layer facility to determine the influence of surface roughness on microbubble drag reduction. To accomplish this, carbon dioxide was injected through a slot at rates of 0.001 m3/s to 0.011 m3/s, and the resulting skin friction drag measured on a 317.5 mm long by 152.4 mm span balance. In addition to the hydrodynamically smooth balance plate, additional plates were covered with roughly 75, 150 and 300 micron grit. Over the speed range tested of 7.6, 10.7 and 13.7 m/s, the roughness ranged from smooth to fully rough. Not only was microbubble drag reduction achieved over the rough surfaces, but the percentage drag reduction at a given gas flow rate was larger for larger roughness. A new scaling parameter that collapses all of the data is also introduced.
Reports on the topic "Additional layers"
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Mesick, Hillary C., John L. Breckenridge, and Susan V. Carter. Digital Mapping, Charting, and Geodesy Analysis Program (DMAP). Technical Review of Additional Military Layers Product Specifications, Ed. 4.0. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada403073.
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Mesick, Hillary, Susan Carter, and John Breckenridge. Digital Mapping, Charting, and Geodesy Analysis Program: Technical Review of Additional Military Layers (AML) Draft Product Specification for NATO Review, Edition 2.0. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada389200.
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Schaffer, Arthur A., and Jocelyn Rose. Understanding Cuticle Development in Tomato through the Study of Novel Germplasm with Malformed Cuticles. United States Department of Agriculture, June 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7593401.bard.
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Plant cuticle development and metabolism are still poorly understood, partly due to the chemical complexity of the cuticular layer. The overall research objective was to broaden and deepen our understanding of tomato fruit cuticle development by analyzing novel germplasm with cuticular malformations and by studying the transcriptome and proteome of the fruit epidermal tissues, as strategies to overcome the challenges posed by the recalcitrance of the biological system. During the project we succeeded in identifying two genes with major impact on cuticle development. One of these encoded the first cutin synthase to be identified in plants, a metabolic step that had been a black box in cutin synthesis. In addition genes controlling the triterpenoid components of the cuticle were identified and, most interestingly, genetic variability for this component was identified among the wild tomato species germplasm. Additional germplasm was developed based on interspecific crosses that will allow for the future characterization of modifier genes that interact with the microfissuring gene (CWP) to promote or inhibit fruit cracking. One of the major accomplishments of the joint project was the integrated transcriptomic and proteomic analysis of the fruit cuticle and underlying tissues which allows for the identification of the pericarp cell layers responsible for the extracellular, cuticle-localized protein component. The results of the project have expanded our understanding of tomato fruit cuticle development and its genetic control. In addition, germplasm developed will be useful in developing tomato varieties resistant to cracking, on the one hand, and varieties useful for the dehydration industry on the other.
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Roschelle, Jeremy, James Lester, and Judi Fusco. AI and the Future of Learning: Expert Panel Report. Digital Promise, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.51388/20.500.12265/106.
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This report is based on the discussion that emerged from a convening of a panel of 22 experts in artificial intelligence (AI) and in learning. It introduces three layers that can frame the meaning of AI for educators. First, AI can be seen as “computational intelligence” and capability can be brought to bear on educational challenges as an additional resource to an educator’s abilities and strengths. Second, AI brings specific, exciting new capabilities to computing, including sensing, recognizing patterns, representing knowledge, making and acting on plans, and supporting naturalistic interactions with people. Third, AI can be used as a toolkit to enable us to imagine, study, and discuss futures for learning that don’t exist today. Experts voiced the opinion that the most impactful uses of AI in education have not yet been invented. The report enumerates important strengths and weaknesses of AI, as well as the respective opportunities and barriers to applying AI to learning. Through discussions among experts about these layers, we observed new design concepts for using AI in learning. The panel also made seven recommendations for future research priorities.
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Mazari, Mehran, Siavash F. Aval, Siddharth M. Satani, David Corona, and Joshua Garrido. Developing Guidelines for Assessing the Effectiveness of Intelligent Compaction Technology. Mineta Transportation Institute, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.1923.
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Many factors affect pavement compaction quality, which can vary. Such variability may result in an additional number of passes required, extended working hours, higher energy consumption, and negative environmental impacts. The use of Intelligent Compaction (IC) technology during construction can improve the quality and longevity of pavement structures while reducing risk for contractors and project owners alike. This study develops guidelines for the implementation of IC in the compaction of pavement layers as well as performing a preliminary life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA) of IC technology compared to the conventional compaction approach. The environmental impacts of the improved construction process were quantified based on limited data available from the case studies. The LCCA performed in this study consisted of different scenarios in which the number of operating hours was evaluated to estimate the cost efficiency of the intelligent compaction technique during construction. The analyses showed a reduction in energy consumption and the production of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions with the use of intelligent compaction. The LCCA showed that the use of IC technology may reduce the construction and maintenance costs in addition to enhancing the quality control and quality assurance (QC/QA) process. However, a more comprehensive analysis is required to fully quantify the benefits and establish more accurate performance indicators. A draft version of the preliminary guidelines for implementation of IC technology and long-term monitoring of the performance of pavement layers compacted thereby is also included in this report.
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Nantung, Tommy E., Jusang Lee, John E. Haddock, M. Reza Pouranian, Dario Batioja Alvarez, Jongmyung Jeon, Boonam Shin, and Peter J. Becker. Structural Evaluation of Full-Depth Flexible Pavement Using APT. Purdue University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317319.
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The fundamentals of rutting behavior for thin full-depth flexible pavements (i.e., asphalt thickness less than 12 inches) are investigated in this study. The scope incorporates an experimental study using full-scale Accelerated Pavement Tests (APTs) to monitor the evolution of each pavement structural layer's transverse profiles. The findings were then employed to verify the local rutting model coefficients used in the current pavement design method, the Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG). Four APT sections were constructed using two thin typical pavement structures (seven-and ten-inches thick) and two types of surface course material (dense-graded and SMA). A mid-depth rut monitoring and automated laser profile systems were designed to reconstruct the transverse profiles at each pavement layer interface throughout the process of accelerated pavement deterioration that is produced during the APT. The contributions of each pavement structural layer to rutting and the evolution of layer deformation were derived. This study found that the permanent deformation within full-depth asphalt concrete significantly depends upon the pavement thickness. However, once the pavement reaches sufficient thickness (more than 12.5 inches), increasing the thickness does not significantly affect the permanent deformation. Additionally, for thin full-depth asphalt pavements with a dense-graded Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) surface course, most pavement rutting is caused by the deformation of the asphalt concrete, with about half the rutting amount observed within the top four inches of the pavement layers. However, for thin full-depth asphalt pavements with an SMA surface course, most pavement rutting comes from the closet sublayer to the surface, i.e., the intermediate layer. The accuracy of the MEPDG’s prediction models for thin full-depth asphalt pavement was evaluated using some statistical parameters, including bias, the sum of squared error, and the standard error of estimates between the predicted and actual measurements. Based on the statistical analysis (at the 95% confidence level), no significant difference was found between the version 2.3-predicted and measured rutting of total asphalt concrete layer and subgrade for thick and thin pavements.
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Moriai, S., A. Kato, and M. Kanda. Addition of Camellia Cipher Suites to Transport Layer Security (TLS). RFC Editor, July 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc4132.
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Lee, H. J., J. H. Yoon, and J. I. Lee. Addition of SEED Cipher Suites to Transport Layer Security (TLS). RFC Editor, August 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc4162.
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Medvinsky, A., and M. Hur. Addition of Kerberos Cipher Suites to Transport Layer Security (TLS). RFC Editor, October 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc2712.
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Thembeka Ncube, Ayanda, and Antonio Bobet. Use of Recycled Asphalt. Purdue University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317316.
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The term Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) is used to designate a material obtained from the removal of pavement materials. RAP is used across the US in multiple applications, largely on asphalt pavement layers. RAP can be described as a uniform granular non-plastic material, with a very low percentage of fines. It is formed by aggregate coated with a thin layer of asphalt. It is often used mixed with other granular materials. The addition of RAP to aggregates decreases the maximum dry unit weight of the mixture and decreases the optimum water content. It also increases the Resilient Modulus of the blend but decreases permeability. RAP can be used safely, as it does not pose any environmental concerns. The most important disadvantage of RAP is that it displays significant creep. It seems that this is caused by the presence of the asphaltic layer coating the aggregate. Creep increases with pressure and with temperature and decreases with the degree of compaction. Creep can be mitigated by either blending RAP with aggregate or by stabilization with chemical compounds. Fly ash and cement have shown to decrease, albeit not eliminate, the amount of creep. Mechanical stabilizing agents such as geotextiles may also be used.