Journal articles: 'Acyrthosiphon pisum'

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Calevro, Federica, Denis Tagu, and Patrick Callaerts. "Acyrthosiphon pisum." Trends in Genetics 35, no. 10 (October 2019): 781–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tig.2019.07.003.

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Pickering, J., and A. P. Gutierrez. "DIFFERENTIAL IMPACT OF THE PATHOGEN PANDORA NEOAPHIDIS (R.&H.) HUMBER (ZYGOMYCETES: ENTOMOPHTHORALES) ON THE SPECIES COMPOSITION OF ACYRTHOSIPHON APHIDS IN ALFALFA." Canadian Entomologist 123, no. 2 (April 1991): 315–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent123315-2.

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AbstractA fungal outbreak of Pandora neoaphidis (Remaudière and Hennebert) Humber (Zygomycetes, Entomophthorales, Entomophthoraceae) caused maximum daily mortality of 6 and 34%, respectively, in sympatric populations of Acyrthosiphon kondoi Shinji and Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris (Homoptera, Aphididae). This epidemic suppressed the A. pisum population but not the A. kondoi population. The results suggest that low level infections in A. kondoi may greatly increase the inoculum available for transmission to the highly susceptible A. pisum.

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Łukaszewicz, S., B. Borowiak-Sobkowiak, R. Durak, K. Dancewicz, and B. Politycka. "Interaction between Acyrthosiphon pisum and selenium-treated Pisum sativum." European Zoological Journal 88, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 58–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/24750263.2020.1853831.

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Cunha, Suzan Beatriz Zambon da, Carlos Roberto Sousa e Silva, and Evoneo Berti-Filho. "FLUTUAÇÃO SAZONAL DE AFÍDEOS E SEUS PREDADORES EM CULTURA DE ALFAFA." BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE - Revista de Agricultura 91, no. 3 (December 21, 2016): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.37856/bja.v91i3.3165.

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Estudou-se a influência da temperatura, precipitação, umidade e ventos, e o controle exercido por predadores na flutuação sazonal dos afídeos Acyrthosiphon pisum, Acyrthosiphon kondoi, Aphis craccivora e Therioaphis trifolli em cultura de alfafa na região de São Carlos, SP. A. pisum foi o afídeo predominante na cultura no período avaliado, agosto de 2011 a julho de 2012. Nenhuma das variáveis ambientais influenciou significativamente a flutuação sazonal de afídeos. O manejo dos cortes na cultura e as ações predatórias foram os principais responsáveis pelas variações na dinâmica populacional desses insetos. Dentre os predadores os coccinelídeos foram os mais abundantes e Harmonia axyridis a espécie mais coletada.

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Cunha, Suzan Beatriz Zambon da, Carlos Roberto Sousa e Silva, Flávio Henrique Góis Diniz, and Evôneo Berti-Filho. "Predators of the Alfalfa Aphids Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), Aphis craccivora Koch, and Therioaphis trifolii (Monell) (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea) as Determined by the Serological Technique." EntomoBrasilis 9, no. 2 (August 31, 2016): 120–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.12741/ebrasilis.v9i2.595.

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Predators of the Alfalfa Aphids Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), Aphis craccivora Koch,and Therioaphis trifolii (Monell) (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea) as Determined by the Serological TechniqueAbstract. The serology is an immunological technique based on antigen/antibody reactions in where its main advantages are high sensitivity and specificity that allows the biological recognition at the molecular level. This study evaluates the use of serology technique to determine the predators of the alfalfa aphids Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), Aphis craccivora Koch,and Therioaphis trifolii (Monell)(Hemiptera: Aphidoidea). The aphid samplings to obtain the antibodies and their possible predators to be used as antigens were carried out in the alfalfa fields of the Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste Unit, São Carlos, SP. In the period from August 2011 to July 2012. A total of 2,161 arthropod predators, including insects and spiders, were tested. The antibodies obtained for the aphid A. craccivora, A. pisum, and T. trifolii showed partial identity nevertheless still allowed to recognize the predators of alfalfa aphids. Among the insects, syrphids and chrysopids presented the highest percentage of positive results in the serological tests. The species A. craccivora was the most preyed aphid.Determinação de Predadores dos Pulgões da Alfafa Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), Aphis craccivora Koch e Therioaphis trifolii (Monell)(Hemiptera: Aphidoidea) por meio da Técnica SerológicaResumo. A serologia é uma técnica imunológica baseada em reações antígeno/anticorpo, em que suas principais vantagens são a alta sensibilidade e especificidade que permitem o reconhecimento biológico em nível molecular. Este trabalho avalia o uso da técnica serológica para determinar os predadores dos pulgões da alfafa, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), Aphis craccivora Koch e Therioaphis trifolii (Monell) (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea). As coletas dos pulgões para a obtenção dos anticorpos e de seus possíveis predadores para serem utilizados como antígenos foram realizadas nos campos de alfafa da Unidade da Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, São Carlos, SP. no período de agosto de 2011 a julho de 2012. Foram testados 2.161 artrópodes predadores, incluindo insetos e aranhas. Os anticorpos obtidos para os pulgões A. craccivora, A. pisum, e T. trifolii mostraram identidade parcial mas, ainda assim, permitiu reconhecer os predadores dos pulgões da alfafa. Dentre os insetos, sirfídeos e crisopídeos foram os que apresentaram as maiores porcentagens de resultados positivos nos testes serológicos. A. craccivora foi o afídeo mais consumido pelos predadores.

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Gao, Nong, and Jim Hardie. "Melatonin and the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum." Journal of Insect Physiology 43, no. 7 (July 1997): 615–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-1910(97)00015-2.

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Bishnoi, Ritika, and Deepak Singla. "APMicroDB: A microsatellite database of Acyrthosiphon pisum." Genomics Data 12 (June 2017): 111–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gdata.2017.03.014.

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Wallace, Ian S., Ally J. Shakesby, Jin Ha Hwang, Won Gyu Choi, Natália Martínková, Angela E. Douglas, and Daniel M. Roberts. "Acyrthosiphon pisum AQP2: A multifunctional insect aquaglyceroporin." Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes 1818, no. 3 (March 2012): 627–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbamem.2011.11.032.

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Cooper, Lucy C., Camille Desjonqueres, and Simon R. Leather. "Cannibalism in the pea aphid,Acyrthosiphon pisum." Insect Science 21, no. 6 (December 19, 2013): 750–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.12070.

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Tagu, Denis, Gaël Le Trionnaire, Sylvie Tanguy, Jean-Pierre Gauthier, and Jean-René Huynh. "EMS Mutagenesis in the Pea Aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum." G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics 4, no. 4 (February 13, 2014): 657–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/g3.113.009639.

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Ahn, Jeong Joon, Jum Rae Cho, Jeong-Hwan Kim, and Bo Yoon Seo. "Thermal Effects on the Population Parameters and Growth of Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)." Insects 11, no. 8 (July 29, 2020): 481. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11080481.

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The pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is a cosmopolitan and polyphagous species. An evaluation of A. pisum’s demographic parameters and growth was carried out after rearing aphids on faba bean plants (Vicia faba) under five different temperature conditions (10 °C, 15 °C, 20 °C, 25 °C and 30 °C). We analyzed the raw life history data, including developmental time, survival, longevity and reproduction, using an age-stage, two-sex life table to consider variable developmental rates among individuals. The population fluctuation of A. pisum determined the stage-specific population structure and potential population growth under different temperature conditions. A. pisum individuals developed successfully from nymphs to adults at all temperatures in this study. The developmental rate of A. pisum increased as the temperature increased. Our results indicated that A. pisum showed a higher pre-adult mortality, lower total fecundity and a negative intrinsic rate of increase at 30 °C. The highest intrinsic rate of increase (0.30) and finite rate of increase (1.35) were observed at 25 °C. Comparisons of population parameters and their analytical methods between different A. pisum populations from other geographic areas are also discussed.

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Pennacchio, F., M. C. Digilio, E. Tremblay, and A. Tranfaglia. "Host recognition and acceptance behaviour in two aphid parasitoid species: Aphidius ervi and Aphidius microlophii (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)." Bulletin of Entomological Research 84, no. 1 (March 1994): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485300032235.

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AbstractThe host preference and acceptance behaviour of populations of Aphidius ervi Haliday and A. microlophii Pennacchio & Tremblay from southern Italy was investigated. In no host-choice conditions, A. ervi females showed significantly higher attack and oviposition rates on the natural host Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) than on the non-host aphid Microlophium carnosum (Buckton)(Homoptera: Aphididae). In contrast, A. microlophii, which specifically parasitizes M. carnosum in the field, attacked both aphid species. However, dissections showed that oviposition of A. microlophii occurred only in a few of the attacked Acyrthosiphon pisum and was significantly less frequent than in M. carnosum. These results were confirmed in experimental host-choice conditions, suggesting that Aphidius microlophii oviposition is possibly regulated by a host haemolymphatic kairomone. Hybrids obtained by crossing A. ervi females with A. microlophii males attacked and oviposited in both aphid species, suggesting that these behavioural events have a strong genetic basis. The oviposition into host or non-host aphids did not elicit an immune defence reaction. The presence of the host's food-plant had no evident close-range effects on parasitoid attack and oviposition in non-host aphids. Aphidius microlophii reared on the non-host aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum produced a significant higher number of mummies after a few generations, suggesting a possible role of larval and early adult conditioning in the host selection process. These results, together with those from previous studies, suggest that Aphidius ervi is best considered as a complex of differentiated populations, characterized by a varying degree of genetic divergence.

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Fukatsu, Takema, Tsutomu Tsuchida, Naruo Nikoh, and Ryuichi Koga. "Spiroplasma Symbiont of the Pea Aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Insecta: Homoptera)." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 67, no. 3 (March 1, 2001): 1284–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.67.3.1284-1291.2001.

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ABSTRACT From a laboratory strain of the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum, we discovered a previously unknown facultative endosymbiotic bacterium. Molecular phylogenetic analysis based on 16S ribosomal DNA revealed that the bacterium is a member of the genusSpiroplasma. The Spiroplasma organism showed stable vertical transmission through successive generations of the host. Injection of hemolymph from infected insects into uninfected insects established a stable infection in the recipients. TheSpiroplasma symbiont exhibited negative effects on growth, reproduction, and longevity of the host, particularly in older adults. Of 58 clonal strains of A. pisum established from natural populations in central Japan, 4 strains possessed theSpiroplasma organism.

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Woźniak, Agnieszka, Waldemar Bednarski, Katarzyna Dancewicz, Beata Gabryś, Beata Borowiak-Sobkowiak, Jan Bocianowski, Sławomir Samardakiewicz, Renata Rucińska-Sobkowiak, and Iwona Morkunas. "Oxidative stress links response to lead and Acyrthosiphon pisum in Pisum sativum L." Journal of Plant Physiology 240 (September 2019): 152996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jplph.2019.152996.

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Yuan, Erliang, Hongyu Yan, Jing Gao, Huijuan Guo, Feng Ge, and Yucheng Sun. "Increases in Genistein in Medicago sativa Confer Resistance against the Pisum Host Race of Acyrthosiphon pisum." Insects 10, no. 4 (April 1, 2019): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects10040097.

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Interspecific interaction with host plants have important consequences for the host race formation of herbivorous insects. Plant secondary metabolites, particularly those that are involved in host races specializing on plants, warrant the theory of host specialization. Acyrthosiphon pisum comprises various host races that adapt to different Fabaceae plants, which provides an ideal system for determining the behavioral and physiological mechanisms underlying host-adaptive diversification. The current study evaluated the effects of host transfer on population fitness, feeding behavior and the transcriptome-wide gene expression of the two host races of A. pisum, one of which was originally from Medicago sativa and the other from Pisum sativum. The results showed that the Pisum host race of A. pisum had a lower population abundance and feeding efficiency than the Medicago host race in terms of a longer penetration time and shorter duration times of phloem ingestion when fed on M. sativa. In contrast, few differences were found in the population abundance and feeding behavior of A. pisum between the two host races when fed on P. sativum. Meanwhile, of the nine candidate phenolic compounds, only genistein was significantly affected by aphid infestation; higher levels of genistein were detected in M. sativa after feeding by the Pisum host race, but these levels were reduced relative to uninfested controls after feeding by the Medicago host race, which suggested that genistein may be involved in the specialization of the aphid host race on M. sativa. Further exogenous application of genistein in artificial diets showed that the increase in genistein reduced the survival rate of the Pisum host race but had little effect on that of the Medicago host race. The transcriptomic profiles indicated that the transcripts of six genes with functions related to detoxification were up-regulated in the Pisum host race relative to the Medicago host race of A. pisum. These results suggested that the inducible plant phenolics and associated metabolic process in aphids resulted in their differential adaptations to their Fabaceae host.

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Parker, Benjamin J., Chelsea J. Spragg, Boran Altincicek, and Nicole M. Gerardo. "Symbiont-Mediated Protection against Fungal Pathogens in Pea Aphids: a Role for Pathogen Specificity?" Applied and Environmental Microbiology 79, no. 7 (January 25, 2013): 2455–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.03193-12.

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ABSTRACTHere we show that a bacterial endosymbiont,Regiella insecticola, protects pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum) from the aphid-specific fungal entomopathogenZoophthora occidentalisbut not from the generalist insect fungal pathogenBeauveria bassiana. This finding highlights the complex influence of fungi on the dynamics of this economically important agricultural pest.

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CAILLAUD, M. C., G. MONDOR-GENSON, S. LEVINE-WILKINSON, L. MIEUZET, A. FRANTZ, J. C. SIMON, and A. COEUR D'ACIER. "Microsatellite DNA markers for the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum." Molecular Ecology Notes 4, no. 3 (September 2004): 446–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-8286.2004.00676.x.

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Gerardo, Nicole M., Boran Altincicek, Caroline Anselme, Hagop Atamian, Seth M. Barribeau, Martin de Vos, Elizabeth J. Duncan, et al. "Immunity and other defenses in pea aphids, Acyrthosiphon pisum." Genome Biology 11, no. 2 (2010): R21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/gb-2010-11-2-r21.

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Barrette, Richard J., Teresa J. Crease, Paul D. N. Hebert, and Sara Via. "Mitochondrial DNA diversity in the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum." Genome 37, no. 5 (October 1, 1994): 858–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g94-121.

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The pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum has been established in North America for at least a century and occurs on a broad range of host plants. Despite its importance as a crop pest, there is little understanding of the genetic structure of its populations or the extent of genetic divergence associated with different host plant utilization. This study examined the extent of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) diversity among 35 clones of pea aphids from alfalfa. Polymorphisms were detected at only 2 of 126 restriction sites, suggesting the same impoverished level of genetic diversity found in prior allozyme studies. However, length variation was common and apparently arose as a result of tandem repeats in two regions of the mtDNA molecule. Region 1 occurred in proximity to the control region of the molecule, while region 2 was close to a cluster of tRNA genes flanking the NAD-dehydrogenase subunit 3 gene on the opposite side of the mtDNA molecule. Each of the aphid clones was homoplasmic for a single length variant in region 1, which varied with respect to the number of copies of a 120-bp repeat. By contrast, one-third of the clones were heteroplasmic at region 2, where they possessed a variable number of copies of a 210-bp repeat. Reanalysis of clones after 30 generations of parthenogenetic reproduction established the stability of length variants over this interval, suggesting their value in studies of the genetic structure of aphid populations.Key words: pea aphid, mitochondrial DNA, polymerase chain reaction, length heteroplasmy.

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Rahbé, Yvan, Bernard Delobel, Gérard Febvay, and Bernard Chantegrel. "Aphid-specific triglycerides in symbiotic and aposymbiotic Acyrthosiphon pisum." Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 24, no. 1 (January 1994): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0965-1748(94)90127-9.

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van der Wilk, F., A. M. Dullemans, M. Verbeek, and J. F. J. M. Van den Heuvel. "Nucleotide Sequence and Genomic Organization of Acyrthosiphon Pisum Virus." Virology 238, no. 2 (November 1997): 353–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/viro.1997.8835.

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Porcar, Manuel, Anne-Marie Grenier, Brian Federici, and Yvan Rahbé. "Effects of Bacillus thuringiensis δ-Endotoxins on the Pea Aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum)." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 75, no. 14 (May 15, 2009): 4897–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00686-09.

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ABSTRACT Four Bacillus thuringiensis δ-endotoxins, Cry3A, Cry4Aa, Cry11Aa, and Cyt1Aa, were found to exhibit low to moderate toxicity on the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum, in terms both of mortality and growth rate. Cry1Ab was essentially nontoxic except at high rates. To demonstrate these effects, we had to use exhaustive buffer-based controls.

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Carvalho, Alessandra R., Simone Mendes, and Vanda H. P. Bueno. "Influência de cortes na cultura da alfafa (Medicago sativa) sobre a flutuação populacional de ninfas e adultos de pulgões (Homoptera: Aphididae)." Anais da Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil 26, no. 2 (August 1997): 265–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0301-80591997000200007.

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A dinâmica populacional de Therioaphis trifolii (Monell) forma maculata, Acyrthosiphon kondoi shinji e Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) em campos de alfafa (Medicago sativa) para produção de feno foi estudada na Universidade Federal de Lavras, MG após 14 cortes entre março de 1993 e março de 1995. Outono e inverno foram as estações mais favoráveis para as três espécies, sendo que T. trifolii f. maculata dobrou em número do 1º para o 2º ano, A. pisum e A. kondoi mantiveram-se no mesmo nível. O número de indivíduos de cada idade foi semelhante para as três espécies de pulgões, variando de 64 a 78% de ninfas de 1º e 2º ínstares, 18 a 26% para 3º e 4º ínstares e 4 a 1o% para adultos. O número de alados foi baixo, correspondendo a apenas 15 % da população de ninfas de 3º e 4º ínstares e adultos, estando ligado à altas populações. Houve um declínio geral na população das três espécies após cada corte, sendo que a elevação dessas populações foi condicionada ao desenvolvimento vegetativo da planta e às condições climáticas.

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Mastoi, Abdul Hafeez, Wali Muhammad Mangrio, Hakim Ali Sahito, Fahmeeda Imdad Sahito, Faheem Ahmed Jatoi, and Shazia Parveen Solangi. "Effects of Different Temperatures on the Biology of Acyrthosiphon pisum on Different Pea Cultivars." Journal of Applied Research in Plant Sciences 4, no. 02 (May 26, 2023): 672–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.38211/joarps.2023.04.02.170.

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The research studies were carried out at Key Laboratory of Entomology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi under 60±5% Relative Humidity, light: dark photoperiod at 14h: 10h to assess different range temperature effects on the population of Acyrthosiphon pisum on different pea cultivars during, 2018. The results indicated that the shortest pea aphid nymph development period up to (5.75±0.31 days) were lasted on cv. Feizai-3 at 36oC and longest (9.38±0.34 days) were noted on cv. Nenzao at 30oC. The shortest A. pisum adult development period (4.16±0.20 days) were recorded on cv. Hanyi-401 at 39oC and the longest (5.72±0.33 days) on cv. Hanyi-401 at 30oC. The shortest A. pisum longevity period (5.43±0.72 days) were recorded on cv. Feizai-3 at 39oC and longest (11.83±0.72 days) on cv. Hanyi-401 at 30oC. The shortest A. pisum oviposition period (3.61±0.32 days) were recorded on cv. Hanyi-401 at 33oC and longest (4.41±0.35 days) on Guangzhong-604 at 36oC. The minimum nymph survival period was counted (0.23±0.07) on Guangzhong-604 at 36oC and maximum on cv. Hanyi-401 (0.73±0.08) at 30oC. According to the DMRT, Test, non-significant difference was reported in all the above parameters between the cultivars in all temperature regimes. The present study suggests that temperature fluctuations also affect on the life expectancy of A. pisum. In future endeavors more work should be carried out to restrict the pest population of sap-sucking insects to secure the legumes varieties

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González, Mauricio González, Jean Christophe Simon, Akiko Sugio, Arnaud Ameline, and Anas Cherqui. "Aphid Resistance in Pisum Affects the Feeding Behavior of Pea-Adapted and Non-Pea-Adapted Biotypes of Acyrthosiphon pisum Differently." Insects 13, no. 3 (March 8, 2022): 268. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects13030268.

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Resistant genotypes of crops have emerged as an alternative and sustainable solution to pesticide use against pest insects. The resistance depends on the genetic diversity of the host plant and the pest species and can cause an alteration of the insect behavior. The aim of this work was to characterize the resistance level of different Pisum genotypes (one P. fulvum and five P. sativum genotypes) to two biotypes of the aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum, respectively adapted to pea and alfalfa, by measuring the individual aphid weight and analyzing aphid feeding behavior by electropenetrography (EPG). Aphid body mass was influenced by Pisum genotypes reflecting variation in their resistance level. P. fulvum was the most resistant to the A. pisum pea biotype (ArPo28 clone) and showed intermediate resistance to the A. pisum alfalfa biotype (LSR1 clone). The resistance levels of the five P. sativum genotypes to the two aphid biotypes were variable and more pronounced for the alfalfa biotype. EPG data showed that ArPo28 on P. fulvum and LSR1 on all the Pisum genotypes spent shorter time phloem feeding compared to ArPo28 on P. sativum genotypes, indicating that the resistance of Pisum genotypes to non-adapted A. pisum resides in mesophyll and phloem cells. In the meantime, ArPo28 on P. sativum genotypes with a different level of resistance spent a similar length of time phloem feeding, indicating that the quality of phloem sap of the resistance genotypes may not be optimal for the aphid. The study indicated that the resistance of Pisum genotypes to the two A. pisum biotypes involves different genetic factors and mechanisms that affect the aphid differently.

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Pers, Daniel, and Allison Hansen. "The Effects of Different Diets and Transgenerational Stress on Acyrthosiphon pisum Development." Insects 10, no. 9 (August 21, 2019): 260. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects10090260.

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Despite the fact that sap-feeding hemipterans are major agricultural pests, little is known about the pea aphid’s (Acyrthosiphon pisum) nymphal development, compared to other insect models. Given our limited understanding of A. pisum nymphal development and variability in the naming/timing of its developmental events between different environmental conditions and studies, here, we address developmental knowledge gaps by elucidating how diet impacts A. pisum nymphal development for the LSR1 strain when it develops on its universal host plant (Vicia faba), isolated leaves, and artificial diet. Moreover, we test how plant age and transgenerational stressors, such as overcrowding and low plant vigor, can affect nymphal development. We also validate a morphological method to quickly confirm the life stage of each nymphal instar within a mixed population. Overall, we found extremely high variation in the timing of developmental events and a significant delay in nymphal (~5–25-h/instar) and pre-reproductive adult (~40-h) development when reared on isolated leaves and artificial diets, compared to intact host plants. Also, delays in development were observed when reared on older host plants (~9–17-h/event, post 2nd instar) or when previous generations were exposed to overcrowding on host plants (~20-h delay in nymph laying) compared to controls.

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Cagáň, Ľ., and M. Barta. "Seasonal dynamics and entomophthoralean infection of the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris." Plant Protection Science 37, No. 1 (January 1, 2001): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/8363-pps.

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The seasonal dynamics of the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris, and entomopathogenic fungi from the order Entomophthorales attacking the aphid were analysed in alfalfa and field pea crops during the growing seasons of 1998 and 1999 at Nitra-Malanta. In both years, pea aphid populations on pea showed a pattern with one peak, culminated at flowering and pod formation. The infestation level on alfalfa was low in both years. Entomopathogenic fungi attacking the pea aphid were identified as Erynia neoaphidis Remaudičre and Hennebert and Conidiobolus obscurus (Hall and Dunn) Remaudičre and Keller. Both pathogens infected the aphid on pea, but only E. neoaphidis was found in the alfalfa plots. Infected aphids were not found on alfalfa during 1999. The maximum levels of infected aphids on pea were 10.30% and 48.39% in 1998 and 1999, respectively. During both years alate aphids were more frequently attacked than apteral ones. Correlation coefficients indicated a positive relationship between the number of infected aphids and precipitation, but this relationship was weak or moderately strong. A strong correlation was found between the number of dead aphids and number of alate aphids counted 5 to 10 days earlier.

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Hinz, Bruno. "Schadensbewertung der Erbsenblattlaus, Acyrthosiphon pisum, an Erbsen verschiedenen Nutzungstyps (Homoptera: Aphidinea: Aphididae)." Entomologia Generalis 16, no. 2 (October 31, 1991): 139–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/entom.gen/16/1991/139.

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Wilkinson, T. L., R. Koga, and T. Fukatsu. "Role of Host Nutrition in Symbiont Regulation: Impact of Dietary Nitrogen on Proliferation of Obligate and Facultative Bacterial Endosymbionts of the Pea Aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73, no. 4 (December 8, 2006): 1362–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01211-06.

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ABSTRACT The impact of host nutrition on symbiont regulation in the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum was investigated. The population density of the obligate symbiont Buchnera aphidicola positively correlated with dietary nitrogen levels. In contrast, the population density of the facultative symbiont Serratia symbiotica increased in aphids reared on low-nitrogen diets, indicating distinct regulatory mechanisms in the same insect host.

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Li, Zhen-Xiang, Meng-Qi Ji, Chi Zhang, Yi-Bing Yang, Zhen-Zhen Chen, Hai-Peng Zhao, Yong-Yu Xu, and Zhi-Wei Kang. "The Influence of Host Aphids on the Performance of Aphelinus asychis." Insects 13, no. 9 (August 31, 2022): 795. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects13090795.

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The aphid parasitoid Aphelinus asychis Walker is an important biological control agent against many aphid species. In this study, we examined whether the rearing host aphid species (the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum and the grain aphid, Sitobion avenae) affect the performance of A. asychis. We found that A. pisum-reared A. asychis showed a significantly larger body size (body length and hind tibia length) and shorter developmental time than S. avenae-reared A. asychis. There was no difference in the sex ratio between them. The longevity of A. pisum-reared A. asychis was also significantly longer than that of S. aveane-reared A. asychis. Furthermore, A. pisum-reared A. asychis presented stronger parasitic capacity and starvation resistance than S. aveane-reared A. asychi. In addition, host aphid alteration experiments showed that A. asychis only takes two generations to adapt to its new host. Taken together, these results revealed that A. pisum is a better alternative host aphid for mass-rearing and releasing of A. asychis. The body size plasticity of A. asychis is also discussed.

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Hodge, S., G. A. Thompson, and G. Powell. "Application of DL-β-aminobutyric acid (BABA) as a root drench to legumes inhibits the growth and reproduction of the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum (Hemiptera: Aphididae)." Bulletin of Entomological Research 95, no. 5 (October 2005): 449–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/ber2005375.

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AbstractDL-β-aminobutyric acid (BABA) is a non-protein amino acid that is an effective inducer of resistance against a variety of plant pathogens. However, examples of BABA-induced resistance against insect herbivores have not been reported. We applied BABA as a soil drench to legumes and monitored its effects on the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris). On tic bean (Vicia faba var. minor), BABA increased aphid mortality, caused a reduction in the mean relative growth rate of individual insects and lessened the intrinsic rate of population increase (rm). BABA also caused significant reductions in the growth rate of A. pisum on pea (Pisum sativa), broad bean (Vicia faba var. major), runner bean (Phaseolus coccineus), red clover (Trifolium pratense) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa). No direct toxic effects of BABA against A. pisum were found, and no phytotoxic effects that may have caused a reduction in aphid performance were detected. Possible mechanisms behind this BABA-induced inhibition of aphid performance are discussed.

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Nikolova, Ivelina. "Impact of natural products on Acyrthosiphon pisum density on Pisum sativum L. and forage quality." Pesticidi i fitomedicina 36, no. 1 (2021): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pif2101015n.

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A field trial was conducted at the Institute of Forage Crops (Pleven, Bulgaria) from 2015 to 2017. It studied the effects of natural products on Acyrthosiphon pisum density, as well as changes in the chemical composition, content of plant fibre components and enzyme degradability in forage pea. Treatments with the natural insecticides Madex and Agricolle, applied alone or in combination with the organic fertilizers Lithovit and Nagro were performed twice - at the beginning of the flowering stage and one week later. The fertilizers used in the trial are environmentally safe and approved for use in organic production. The synthetic products Kristalon, a foliar fertilizer, and Proteus 110 OD, an insecticide, were used for comparison. The application of natural products, either alone and in combination, resulted in a reduction in pea aphid density. Applying Agricolle with Nagro, followed by Lithovit with Agricolle, led to the highest aphid number decrease (70.0 and 51.1%, respectively). An optimal combination of decrease in the content of plant cell wall fibre components, cellulose and lignification degree with a significant increase in forage in vitro enzyme digestibility was established after applying Agricolle with Lithovit and Agricole with Nagro. Digestibility reached 71.8 and 69.8%, respectively, an increase of 8.2-5.2%, while ADF, cellulose and lignification degree decreased from 7.1 and 7.7%, 8.0 and 23.4%, amd 10.5 and 6.8% after applying Agricolle with Lithovit and Agricole with Nagro, respectively. In comparison, the synthetic products Kristalon and Kristalon with Proteus increased forage quality, but to a relatively lesser extent. A stronger linear relationship was found between aphid density and dry matter digestibility, compared to the content of neutral detergent fibres. Pea forage with low content of plant cell wall fibre components, cellulose and lignification degree, high protein content, and digestibility after treatment with the natural product Agricolle, and its combinations with Lithovit and Nagro, make it a very good complement to other forages in dairy cow rations.

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Mandrioli, Mauro, Davide Bizzaro, Monica Giusti, Gian Carlo Manicardi, and Umberto Bianchi. "The role of rDNA genes in X chromosome association in the aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum." Genome 42, no. 3 (June 1, 1999): 381–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g98-145.

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Silver staining of mitotic metaphases of the aphid A. pisum reveals the presence of argentophilic bridges connecting the two X chromosomes. The presence of nucleolar material connecting sex chromosomes seems to be quite a common phenomenon in organisms belonging to very different phyla, and suggests a role of nucleolar proteins in chromosome association and disjunction. In somatic cells of A. pisum, bridges connecting X chromosomes are detectable not only after silver staining but also after CMA3 staining. This finding suggests that GC rich DNA is involved in this type of association. Molecular analysis of rDNA intergenic spacers shows several 247 bp repeats containing short sequences having a high level of homology with the chi sequence of Escherichia coli and with the consensus core region of human hypervariable minisatellites. Moreover, each 247 bp repeat presents a perfect copy of a promoter sequence for polymerase I. These aphid repeats show structural homologies with a 240 bp repeat, which is considered to be responsible for sex chromosome pairing in Drosophila, not only in view of their common presence within rDNA spacers but also for their length and structure. The presence of chi sequences in the IGS of A. pisum, by promoting unequal crossing-over between rDNA genes, could thus give rise to the nucleolar organizing region (NOR) heteromorphism described in different aphid species. Although X pairing at NORs is fundamental in aphid male determination, the presence of heteromorphism of rDNA genes does not inhibit male determination in the A. pisum clone utilized for our experiments.Key words: aphid, rDNA, sex chromosome association, hotspot, NOR heteromorphism.

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Wilkinson, T., D. Ashford, J. Pritchard, and A. Douglas. "Honeydew sugars and osmoregulation in the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum." Journal of Experimental Biology 200, no. 15 (January 1, 1997): 2137–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.200.15.2137.

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Pea aphids, Acyrthosiphon pisum, containing their symbiotic bacteria (untreated aphids) and experimentally deprived of their bacteria by treatment with the antibiotic rifampicin (antibiotic-treated aphids) were reared on the plant Vicia faba. The sugars in the honeydew produced by untreated aphids comprised predominantly the monosaccharides glucose and fructose, while the honeydew of antibiotic-treated aphids contained considerable amounts of oligosaccharides of up to 16 hexose units. The honeydew and haemolymph of the aphids were iso-osmotic, and their osmotic pressure was significantly lower in untreated aphids (0.910.95 MPa) than in antibiotic-treated aphids (1.011.05 MPa) (P<0.05). For insects reared on chemically defined diets containing 0.151.0 mol l-1 sucrose (osmotic pressure 1.14.0 MPa), the osmotic pressure of the aphid haemolymph did not vary with dietary osmotic pressure, but was regulated to approximately 1.0 MPa in untreated and 1.3 MPa in antibiotic-treated aphids. The sugars in the aphid honeydew varied with dietary sucrose concentration; with monosaccharides dominant at low concentrations and oligosaccharides dominant at high concentrations of dietary sucrose. The lowest dietary sucrose concentration at which honeydew oligosaccharides were detected was 0.2 mol l-1 for the antibiotic-treated aphids and 0.3 mol l-1 for untreated aphids. These data indicate that the aphid, and not its associated microbiota, mediates the synthesis of oligosaccharides when the osmotic pressure of the ingesta is high.

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35

Jaubert-Possamai, Stéphanie, Gaël Le Trionnaire, Joël Bonhomme, Georges K. Christophides, Claude Rispe, and Denis Tagu. "Gene knockdown by RNAi in the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum." BMC Biotechnology 7, no. 1 (2007): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6750-7-63.

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36

Douglas, A. E. "Requirement of pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum) for their symbiotic bacteria." Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 65, no. 2 (November 1992): 195–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.1992.tb01643.x.

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37

Nakabachi, Atsushi, Hajime Ishikawa, and Toshiaki Kudo. "Extraordinary proliferation of microorganisms in aposymbiotic pea aphids, Acyrthosiphon pisum." Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 82, no. 3 (March 2003): 152–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-2011(03)00020-x.

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38

Laughton, Alice M., Justine R. Garcia, Boran Altincicek, Michael R. Strand, and Nicole M. Gerardo. "Characterisation of immune responses in the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum." Journal of Insect Physiology 57, no. 6 (June 2011): 830–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinsphys.2011.03.015.

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Huybrechts, J., J. Bonhomme, S. Minoli, N. Prunier-Leterme, A. Dombrovsky, M. Abdel-Latief, A. Robichon, J. A. Veenstra, and D. Tagu. "Neuropeptide and neurohormone precursors in the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum." Insect Molecular Biology 19 (February 23, 2010): 87–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2583.2009.00951.x.

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40

Rider Jr, S. D., D. G. Srinivasan, and R. S. Hilgarth. "Chromatin-remodelling proteins of the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris)." Insect Molecular Biology 19 (February 23, 2010): 201–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2583.2009.00972.x.

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Dale, R. P., A. K. Jones, C. Tamborindeguy, T. G. E. Davies, J. S. Amey, S. Williamson, A. Wolstenholme, et al. "Identification of ion channel genes in the Acyrthosiphon pisum genome." Insect Molecular Biology 19 (February 23, 2010): 141–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2583.2009.00975.x.

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42

Caillaud, Marina C., and John E. Losey. "Genetics of Color Polymorphism in the Pea Aphid,Acyrthosiphon pisum." Journal of Insect Science 10, no. 95 (July 2010): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1673/031.010.9501.

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43

Harada, Hosami, and Hajime Ishikawa. "Experimental pathogenicity of Erwinia aphidicola to pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum." Journal of General and Applied Microbiology 43, no. 6 (1997): 363–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2323/jgam.43.363.

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SLAMA, Karel, and Pavel JEDLICKA. "Respiratory metabolism of the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Hemiptera: Aphididae)." European Journal of Entomology 109, no. 4 (October 5, 2012): 491–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.14411/eje.2012.062.

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Barberà, Miquel, Laura Escrivá, Jorge Mariano Collantes‐Alegre, Giuseppe Meca, Ezio Rosato, and David Martínez‐Torres. "Melatonin in the seasonal response of the aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum." Insect Science 27, no. 2 (December 21, 2018): 224–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.12652.

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De Renobales, Mertxe, Robert O. Ryan, Charles R. Heisler, Donald L. McLean, and Gary J. Blomquist. "Linoleic acid biosynthesis in the pea aphid,Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris)." Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 3, no. 2 (1986): 193–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/arch.940030209.

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47

Boulding, Elizabeth Grace. "Molecular evidence against phylogenetically distinct host races of the pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum)." Genome 41, no. 6 (December 1, 1998): 769–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g98-094.

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Pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum) clones have been shown to be adapted to particular host plant species but it is unknown whether there are host races. A 1101 base pair region of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene (COI) was sequenced for 21 pea aphid clones that had been collected from different host plants in Canada and the U.S.A. Only five closely related mitochondrial haplotypes were found. A maximum likelihood phylogeny was estimated for these five haplotypes and four related aphid species: Acyrthosiphon macrosiphum, A. kondoi, Fimbriaphis fimbriata, and Macrosiphum creelii. Pea aphids from the same host plant species were no more likely to have the same mitochondrial haplotype than aphids from different host plant species. In addition, aphids from the same geographical regions were no more likely to have the same mitochondrial haplotype than aphids from different geographic regions. I therefore reject the hypothesis that there are monophyletic host races of the pea aphid.Key words: cytochrome oxidase I, exotic species, host plant, mtDNA sequence, phylogeny.

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Yadav, Vandana, and Sunita Arya. "EFFECT OF GUARD CROPS ON POPULATION DENSITY OF PEA APHID (ACYRTHOSIPHON PISUM HARRIS) AGAINST PEA (PISUM SATIVUM L.)." International Journal of Biological Innovations 04, no. 01 (2022): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.46505/ijbi.2022.4124.

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A field trial was conducted during two rabi cropping seasons 2017-18 and 2018-19 to evaluate the role of some field crops as guard plants in pea crop. Sorghum, bajra and maize were cultivated at the boundaries of target crop (pea crop) to explore their ability to attract pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris) away from pea crop. The outcome of the study revealed that sowing of maize at the boundaries of pea fields was not much effective in reducing the aphid infestation. On the other hand, fields surrounded by sorghum showed most effective protection from pea aphids attack on pea crop followed by bajra and polyculture (sorghum, bajra and maize with pea crop).

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Jhou, Yi-Syuan, Sushanthi Poovendhan, Li-Hsin Huang, and Chi-Wei Tsai. "Host Acceptance and Plant Resistance: A Comparative Behavioral Study of Myzus persicae and Acyrthosiphon pisum." Insects 12, no. 11 (October 28, 2021): 975. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12110975.

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Aphids are prominent phloem-feeding insect pests. Myzus persicae and Acyrthosiphon pisum are generalist and specialist species, respectively. In this study, these two aphid species were used to investigate host acceptance and plant resistance to aphid feeding. M.persicae survived and reproduced on rape (Brassica rapa), but few individuals (9%) survived on faba bean (Vicia faba). A.pisum survived and reproduced on faba bean, but no A.pisum survived on rape. The probing and feeding behavior of M. persicae and A. pisum on rape and faba bean was examined using an electrical penetration graph (EPG) technique. The results demonstrated the feeding preferences of these two aphid species. The EPG results suggest that the resistance of faba bean to M. persicae and that of rape to A. pisum are likely residing in the phloem and mesophyll tissues, respectively. Due to the distinct probing and feeding behaviors, specialist and generalist aphids would have different impacts on the epidemiology of plant viral diseases. The findings can be applied to the management of viral diseases transmitted by specialist or generalist aphids in crop production.

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Stec, Katarzyna, Bożena Kordan, and Beata Gabryś. "Effect of Soy Leaf Flavonoids on Pea Aphid Probing Behavior." Insects 12, no. 8 (August 22, 2021): 756. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12080756.

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Flavonoids detected in soybean Glycine max (L.) Merr. (Fabaceae) cause various alterations in the metabolism, behavior, and development of insect herbivores. The pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) poses potential threat to soybeans, but the effect of individual flavonoids on its feeding-associated behavior is relatively unknown. We monitored probing behavior (stylet penetration activities) of A. pisum on its preferred host plant, Pisum sativum L. untreated (control) and treated with 0.1% ethanolic solutions of flavonoids apigenin, daidzein, genistein, and kaempferol. We applied the electrical penetration graph (electropenetrography, EPG) technique, which visualizes the movements of aphid stylets within plant tissues. None of the applied flavonoids affected the propensity to probe the plants by A. pisum. However, apigenin enhanced the duration of probes in non-phloem tissues, which caused an increase in the frequency and duration of stylet mechanics derailment and xylem sap ingestion but limited the ingestion of phloem sap. Daidzein caused a delay in reaching phloem vessels and limited sap ingestion. Kaempferol caused a reduction in the frequency and duration of the phloem phase. Genistein did not affect aphid probing behavior. Our findings provide information for selective breeding programs of resistant plant cultivars to A. pisum.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Acyrthosiphon pisum'

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