Academic literature on the topic 'Activity -based ergonomics'
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Journal articles on the topic "Activity -based ergonomics":
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Malone, Gwendolyn, and Ryan Porto. "General Motors Global Ergonomic Manufacturing Engineering Process Appling consistent strategies and methodologies for success." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 60, no. 1 (September 2016): 899–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931213601205.
Abstract:
General Motors (GM) ergonomics activity began over 30 years ago as a decentralized, ad-hoc effort in various plants and divisions. In the mid-80’s GM and The United Automobile Workers (UAW) Union participated in an ergonomics pilot project with the University of Michigan (resulting in several published articles). In 1990 UAW-GM- Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA) entered into an agreement on Ergonomics. These were the catalyst for Ergonomics Program in General Motors. By the mid-2000’s GM recognized how critical it was to shift more attention to “designing in” ergonomic principles and guidelines early in the vehicle and powertrain development process. Today, our Global Manufacturing Engineering Ergonomics team (Program Ergonomists) consist of individuals around the globe that execute our ergonomics process across several functional groups, as a single voice to ensure: Vehicle and Powertrain Product Engineering (PE) teams implement ergonomic principles in the products we make, and Manufacturing Engineering (ME) teams implement ergonomic principles when launching new programs in the manufacturing plants. Our primary focus is to design out systemic product and manufacturing issues and prevent future ergonomics issues before the product goes into production. GM’s ergonomics process is based on proactive assessments using internal and external ergonomic tools, research, and guidelines.
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Hakim, Bhanu Rizfa. "EVALUASI ANTROPOMETRI PADA RUANG BREWING KOPI KLINIK KOPI JALAN KALIURANG YOGYAKARTA." Jurnal Kreatif : Desain Produk Industri dan Arsitektur 4, no. 1 (October 8, 2020): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.46964/jkdpia.v4i1.79.
Abstract:
ABSTRAKRuang Brewing Kopi di Klinik kopi merupakan ruang yang sangat penting oleh para penyaji kopi dan pengunjung karena di ruang inilah segala kegiatan tentang kopi dilakukan seperti, memilih kopi, brewing kopi, menikmati kopi, berbagi pengetahuan tentang kopi dan melakukan pembayaran. Ruang Brewing kopi ini selalu dipenuhi pengunjung dengan bermacam dimensi ukuran tubuh dan barang bawaan. Berdasarkan pengamatan awal ditemukan permasalahan sirkulasi dan gerak terutama pada saat ramai pengunjung, banyaknya pengunjung mengakibatkan rasa tidak nyaman bagi pengunjung lain dan penyaji kopi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji permasalahan ergonomi pada tata ruang sirkulasi dan gerak ruang brewing di Klinik kopi Yogyakarta melalui studi gerak sesuaiergonomi. Hasil kajian ini memberi kontribusi terhadap kenyamanan gerak bagi pengunjung dan penyaji kopi. Tolak ukur dalam penelitian ada 2 aspek yaitu anthropometri dan ergonomic space. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan metode pemetaan aktivitas ( activity mapping ). Dari hasil analisis ditemukan bahwa yang sekarang tidak memenuhi standar kebutuhan dimensi gerak manusia (anthropometri), maka untuk meningkatkan kualitas ruang brewing kopi yang ergonomis dibutuhkan penataan dan desain perabot yang lebih baik.
ABSTRACTBrewing Coffee in the Klinik Kopi is a very important space by the publishers of coffee and visitors because it is this space in all activities of the coffee is performed such as, pick coffee, roasting coffee, enjoy the coffee, sharing knowledge about coffee and make a payment. Coffee Brewing Chamber is always filled with visitors with various dimensions of body size and stuff. Based on early observations found problems of circulation and motion especially when many visitors, the number of visitors resulted in discomfort for other visitors and publishers. The purpose of this research is to examine the problem of ergonomics on spatial motion and circulation spaces brewing coffee in the clinic as Yogyakarta via the appropriate motion study ergonomics. The results of this study contribute towards motion comfort for visitors and publishers. A benchmark in the study there are two aspects, namely anthropometri and ergonomic space. The methods used in this research is to method mapping activity (activity mapping). From the results of the analysis it was found that the standard did not meet the needs of the present dimensions of human motion(anthropometry), thus improving the quality of coffee brewing an ergonomic space required Setup and better design.
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Fang, Wei, Mingyu Fu, and Lianyu Zheng. "Continuous ergonomic risk perception for manual assembly operations using wearable multi-sensor posture estimation." Assembly Automation 42, no. 2 (December 21, 2021): 209–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aa-03-2021-0027.
Abstract:
Purpose This paper aims to perform the real-time and accurate ergonomics analysis for the operator in the manual assembly, with the purpose of identifying potential ergonomic injuries when encountering labor-excessive and unreasonable assembly operations. Design/methodology/approach Instead of acquiring body data for ergonomic evaluation by arranging many observers around, this paper proposes a multi-sensor based wearable system to track worker’s posture for a continuous ergonomic assessment. Moreover, given the accurate neck postural data from the shop floor by the proposed wearable system, a continuous rapid upper limb assessment method with robustness to occasional posture changes, is proposed to evaluate the neck and upper back risk during the manual assembly operations. Findings The proposed method can retrieve human activity data during manual assembly operations, and experimental results illustrate that the proposed work is flexible and accurate for continuous ergonomic assessments in manual assembly operations. Originality/value Based on the proposed multi-sensor based wearable system for posture acquisition, a real-time and high-precision ergonomics analysis is achieved with the postural data arrived continuously, it can provide a more objective indicator to assess the ergonomics during manual assembly.
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Indriyani, Indriyani, Rury Tiara Oktariza, Noviyanti Noviyanti, Mochammad Nanda Ardani Alfath, and Adinda Fatimah Azahra. "Ergonomic Education to Reduce the Risk of Musculoskeletal Disorders." Sasambo: Jurnal Abdimas (Journal of Community Service) 6, no. 1 (February 1, 2024): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.36312/sasambo.v6i1.1755.
Abstract:
Workers are mainly human resources with a significant influence on the production process, in particular manual work. Activities in manual material handling include carrying, lifting, lowering, pushing, and pulling loads. Transport labor is one type of work that requires energy and great muscle strength and a strong physique to carry the load at work. Workers who are in the wrong position during prolonged work will increase the risk of musculoskeletal complaints. The purpose of this community service activity is to provide ergonomic education to reduce the risk of Musculoskeletal Disorders. Methods: This service activity uses counseling methods, leaflet giving, demonstrations, simulations, and discussions. The participants were given questionnaires before and after educational activities, namely ergonomics knowledge questionnaires to determine the level of ergonomics knowledge and also musculoskeletal complaint questionnaires. Results: This activity was attended by 21 participants who were all male. In the knowledge variable, the mean pre-test value was 56.67 and the post-test was 68.57. In the Musculoskeletal complaint variable, the mean pre-test value was 30.05 and the post-test was 28.76. Conclusion: Based on the results of the pre-test and post-test, shows that ergonomics education can help improve ergonomic knowledge and reduce the risk of musculoskeletal disorders in workers.
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Darabont, Vlad Andrei, and Doru Costin Darabont. "Considerations on Ergonomic Issues in Physiotherapy Activity." MATEC Web of Conferences 343 (2021): 10004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202134310004.
Abstract:
Nowadays, the ergonomic issues become more and more important in all economic activity domains. Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) represent the main problem generated by the poor ergonomic design of the workplaces. The healthcare domain involves high level ergonomic risks related to physical and mental load of the work which could lead to MSDs. The paper presents an analysis of these ergonomic risks for physiotherapy activity and identifies potential measures to improve the health and safety in this domain. The physical load of the physiotherapist’s work is generated by the risk factors such as awkward postures, repetitive movement or working with patients with motor disabilities. The mental load of the physiotherapist’s work depends on risk factors such as working with patients with cognitive impairment and daily or weekly patient flows. The proposed preventive measures are organisational and technical. The organisational measures are based on the requirements of the occupational health and safety (OHS) legislation and on the good practice examples. The technical measures are based on the analysing the documentation of physiotherapy modern equipment. The results of the study can be used to improve the ergonomics and the health and safety of any workplace in physiotherapy activity.
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Nunes, Antônio José Ribeiro. "ERGONOMICS AND OCCUPATIONAL PHYSIOLOGY: A MULTIPROFESSIONAL APPROACH TO WORK." Revista Ibero-Americana de Humanidades, Ciências e Educação 8, no. 6 (June 30, 2022): 1284–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.51891/rease.v8i6.6058.
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In ergonomics, approaches, perspectives and purposes in relation to work are presented from a multiprofessional nature, insofar as it covers disciplines that bring contributions to ergonomics in its application in the reality of work, with improvement of operating conditions, relocation, reform and application of ergonomic projects. The research problem presents the following question: What are the multidisciplinary approaches used in the context of ergonomics in companies to reduce physiological and biomechanical damage in the work environment? The objective of this article is to identify in ergonomics and occupational physiology the approaches, perspectives and purposes in relation to the work of a multiprofessional nature. It was intended to demonstrate the concept of ergonomics in work relationships; indicate the interdisciplinary and multiprofessional nature of ergonomics; to point out the biomechanical and physiological aspects in the context of organizational ergonomics. The assumptions of the study indicate that the application of ergonomics and its approaches is necessary in organizations in the creation of projects in technologicalenvironments where repetitive activities generate occupational diseases, requiring prevention mechanisms through the creation of ergonomic projects aimed at the nature of work in situations that require corrective action. From the use of methods and steps, ergonomics allows a new perception of the functioning of a company, from the understanding of the work carried out to conceive the work situations in which workers have control over physical, mental and psychic balance and for an improvement of the system. In order to respond to the objectives of the study and the problem pointed out, it was decided to carry out a bibliographic research based on the theoretical foundations of the authors. The results showed that ergonomics deals with the transformation of the work environment for the biomechanical and physiological adaptation to the type of work activity. Therefore, it must be part of the company's culture, favoring transformations from the insertion of ergonomic projects to the optimization of human work, quality and productivity in a safe and healthy environment. Regarding the biomechanical and physiological aspects of organizational ergonomics, there is a need to evaluate the postural dynamics of the human body and its direct relationship with the workload and efficient adaptation to avoid diseases.
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Moslander, Delaney, and Karen Jacobs. "Efficacy of an ergonomics intervention for remote college students." Work 71, no. 2 (February 18, 2022): 423–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/wor-210689.
Abstract:
BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic caused a rapid adaptation of online education, requiring university students to complete their schoolwork remotely. There is a gap in the evidence-based literature regarding these novel home workstations and the potential to help students understand ergonomics and adjust their workstations. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to determine if a remote ergonomics intervention would encourage students to make improvements to their workstation and increase their knowledge of ergonomics. METHODS: Participants completed an ergonomics quiz, workstation evaluation, activity time log, and photographs of their workstation. There were three randomly assigned groups, the control group of 26 participants and the first and second intervention groups with 25 participants each. The first and second intervention groups received information sheets regarding proper workstations. The second intervention group was also required to participate in an ergonomics workshop. Six weeks after receiving the interventions, the control group and two intervention groups completed the materials once again. Eight participants from the control group, 12 from the information intervention group, and 14 from the participatory intervention group completed the study. RESULTS: One-way ANOVA tests between the three groups suggest there was no significant difference in ergonomic knowledge or changes made to workstations. However, the remote participatory ergonomics group increased their level of knowledge about ergonomics. CONCLUSIONS: An ergonomics intervention did not impact one group to change their workstation more than others in six weeks. Future studies on this topic should be conducted over a longer amount of time and with more participants to allow for more opportunities for behavior and workstation changes.
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Castaño Cardenas, Diana. "Health and Safety at Work: Importance of the Ergonomic Workplace." SCT Proceedings in Interdisciplinary Insights and Innovations 1 (December 10, 2023): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.56294/piii202383.
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The ergonomic workplace is a fundamental and essential part when carrying out any activity in the assigned workplace, therefore it is important to adapt these spaces and have the appropriate utensils and machinery, to avoid injuries to collaborators, this helps to the emotional and psychosocial part of the individual, reducing bodily injuries, stress or occupational diseases. Over the years, various theories have supported the importance of jobs indirectly; Ergonomics theory by Woitej Yastembowsky, Human Factors and ergonomics by Henry Fayol, among others, seek to improve working conditions, caring about people. This article presents a review of the existing literature on the importance of the ergonomic workplace and its relationship with the work environment. The methodology used was based on previous compilations and research on the subject, identifying that many organizations do not give it the required importance, to the point of not taking into account psychosocial well-being, work environment, stress reduction and increased productivity. The results highlight that although there are decrees and research thatdemonstrate the importance of being implemented, it is limited.
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Safin, Stéphane, Pinky Pintus, and Catherine Elsen. "Ergonomics in design and design in ergonomics: Issues and experience in education." Work 66, no. 4 (September 17, 2020): 917–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/wor-203237.
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BACKGROUND: Articulating design and ergonomics skills through education is a major challenge for both fields. Indeed, professional ergonomists are increasingly deeply involved in design processes, and ergonomics education should train them in design skills. As courses in ergonomics education are often time-constrained, it is difficult to mobilize students in real-scale projects and to involve them in design processes. Conversely, activity analysis and active involvement of users in design projects (through co-creation or co-design processes) are rarely convened in architecture and design curricula. OBJECTIVE: It is therefore necessary to develop effective and relevant pedagogical settings, enabling students of both fields to develop their abilities and equip them to act in concrete design situations. METHODS: In this paper, we describe a large-scale pedagogical setting involving groups of students from different disciplines gathered around a real-scale design project (re-shaping the waiting room of a mental health center). The ergonomics students’ main task is to analyze the needs and real activities of end-users; the interior design students’ task is to produce the design project. This communication more precisely focuses on describing the ergonomics students’ fieldwork and the practical and pedagogical innovations put in place to help them face the various challenges encountered during the project. RESULTS: Based on formal feedback from students, teachers and stakeholders, we address three main challenges: (1) dealing with the temporal constraints of the intervention, (2) documenting and observing a sensitive situation and (3) involving end-users to place them at the core of the design process. For each challenge, we describe the issue at stake, the work conducted to deal with this issue, and eventually the feedback collected from students, teachers and stakeholders. CONCLUSION: The paper concludes with an analysis of success and failure factors for such pedagogical settings, in particular for physical enquiry devices, co-creation processes, and co-constructed pedagogical settings. It shows the impact of these settings for students, but highlight that collaboration between ergonomists and designers is a key issue for learning in a positive experience.
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Protasenko, O., and G. Mygal. "ЕКО-ЕРГОНОМІЧНЕ ПРОЕКТУВАННЯ РОБОЧОГО СЕРЕДОВИЩА." Open Information and Computer Integrated Technologies, no. 89 (March 23, 2021): 104–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.32620/oikit.2020.89.09.
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The necessity of applying new directions of ergonomics to improve safety at work is considered. The relevance is conditioned by the awareness of the problem of limited natural resources and the negative impact of human activity on the environment. It led to the necessity of rethinking the concept "security" from the standpoint of sustainable development of society. Today, safety is the procuring of harmonious relations between human and the environment in all spheres of activity. In terms of occupational safety, new areas of ergonomics such as ergoecology, green ergonomics and eco-ergonomic designing can be useful in creating such balance. The work focuses on using eco-ergonomic designing principles in matters of ensuring industrial safety. Thus, the aim is the practical application of the eco-ergonomic designing principles to improve safety at working place. At researching the basic eco-ergonomic designing principle was applied - the search of an optimal combination of working conditions and technical procuring at the workplace, which would suit modern psychophysiological, social, engineering and ecological requirements. The prime tool of researching is a practical analysis of workplaces, an essential component of which is the assessment system. Based on the study results, problematic issues at workplaces got identified, and a search for their solutions got carried out. It is shown that using eco-ergonomic designing in matters of ensuring safety at the workplace makes it possible to implement the trinity necessary to maintain and preserve human health - eco-friendliness, comfort and safety. The work results: 1) for effective management of industrial safety it is necessary to make a transition from closed systems “man-machine-working environment” to open systems “man-machine-working environment-environment” through the application of the eco-ergonomic designing principles; 2) the method of eco-ergonomic assessment got proposed as the first step to a qualitative improvement in the interaction between humans and the environment; 3) modern engineers in eco-ergonomic designing should be trained in this area, taking into account the principles of human factor engineering. The practical significance of the results is in identifying problems in the functioning of the system "man-machine-working environment-environment" and determining effective measures to eliminate them. The results of its approbation proposed assessment system at the flexo printed product's enterprise confirm the effectiveness.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Activity -based ergonomics":
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Bengtström, Henrik, and Charlotte Larsson. "Aktivitetsbaserat arbetssätt : Nöjda medarbetare med rätt förutsättningar." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för vård, arbetsliv och välfärd, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-14615.
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Globaliseringen och omvärldens påverkan av de moderna organisationerna har skapat nya krav och mål för våra svenska arbetsgivare. Flexibilitet och snabba förändringar måste dagens arbetsgivare vara väl anpassad för. Detta i sin tur innebär att även arbetstagaren måste vara redo att klara av liknande krav. Ny teknik och nya sätt att arbeta på har givit den moderna kontorsarbetaren en vardag som kan vara helt papperslös och inte heller knuten till en och samma plats. Det centrala för det nya arbetssättet är självfallet att öka lönsamheten, men fördelar som ökad kreativitet och ökat samarbete medarbetarna emellan lyfts fram som fördelar från arbetsgivarens sida. Denna studie utgår från en kvalitativ ansats. Målet med studien var att fånga medarbetarnas upplevelser av att arbeta aktivitetsbaserat. Studien har inte som avsikt att förklara om detta nya arbetssätt är bra eller dåligt för arbetstagaren utan enbart som för avsikt att fånga deras upplevelse. Studien visar att den generella upplevelsen av att arbeta aktivitetsbaserat är god, men att upplevelserna varierar mellan olika individer. Slutsatsen är att de anställda behöver ha en känsla av att kunna kontrollera sin vardag och möjligheter att välja rätt plats för rätt arbetsuppgift för att detta arbetssätt skall upplevas bra. Studien anser vi har ett värde på grund av att den mäter medarbetarnas upplevelse. Det är något som inte har forskats mycket om tidigare i detta allt mer förekommande sätt att utforma moderna kontor på. Om vi fångar medarbetarnas upplevelse av att arbeta i denna miljö kan vi enklare förstå hur den upplevs och med bättre förutsättningar förbättra arbetsmiljön på sikt i ett samhälle som löpande ställer nya krav på organisationerna och de anställda.Globalization and the outside world's influence on modern organizations have created new demands and goals for our Swedish employers. Flexibility and rapid changes demand that today's employers must be well-suited for change. This in turn means that the employee must also be ready to meet similar requirements. New technology and new ways of working have given the modern office worker a daily life that can be completely paperless and because of this the employee isn't linked to one specific workstation. The key reason for to the new way of working is to increase profitability, but benefits such as increased creativity and increased cooperation among employees are highlighted as benefits from the employer. This study is based on a qualitative approach. The aim of the study was to capture the employees experiences of working activity-based. The study does not intend to explain whether this new way of working is good or bad for the employee, but only for the purpose of capturing their experience. The study shows that the overall experience of working activity-based is good, but that experiences vary between different individuals. The conclusion is that employees need to have the feeling of being able to control their everyday lives and opportunities to choose the right place for the right task for this work method to be experienced well. The value of this research lies in the fact that because employee experience is something that has not been the center of the research before, and we need to know more about the effects of this increasingly popular way of designing modern offices. If we capture the employee's experience of working in this environment, we can more easily understand how it is perceived and better conditions improve the working environment in the long term in a society that continually places new demands on organizations and employee's.
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Arnaud, Fanny. "L'intervention ergonomique dans le cadre de la Qualité de Vie au Travail : Conception et évaluation d'un espace de discussion sur le travail centré sur les émotions." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2024. https://intranet-theses.unice.fr/2024COAZ2003.
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La QVT s’est instituée en France par l’ANI signé le 19 juin 2013. Le concept n’est toujours pas défini scientifiquement, néanmoins, l’ANACT cherche à le rendre opérationnel au moyen d’une démarche caractérisée par la prise en compte des subjectivités au travail et sa mise en discussion entre tous les niveaux d’acteurs de l’entreprise. Puisque l’objectif poursuivi est de décider de manière participative les actions à mettre en œuvre pour l’amélioration de la santé, du bien-être et de la performance au travail, le déploiement de cette démarche devrait pouvoir s’appuyer sur les travaux de l’ergonomie de l’activité. Notamment, sur les recherches qui intègrent l’analyse des émotions au travail à la démarche d’intervention ergonomique classique. En effet, à une époque où le travail s’organise pour produire des services, les relations travailleurs-bénéficiaires sont caractérisées par un travail émotionnel qui impacte la santé, le bien-être et la performance au travail. De plus, les émotions sont essentiellement subjectives, leur identification et leur expression guident nos comportements et nos décisions. Dans ce contexte, la première étude de cette thèse cherchera à décrire les méthodologies de l’intervention ergonomique intégrant la prise en compte des émotions en vue de déployer la QVT. La deuxième étude de cette thèse complètera les résultats de la revue au moyen d’une enquête par questionnaire sur les acteurs et les pratiques de la QVT au regard de la démarche QVT de l’ANACT qui parait sous-utilisée. Les facteurs qui pourraient expliquer cette sous-utilisation seront également étudiés par le questionnaire. La troisième et la quatrième étude de cette thèse seront consacrées au déploiement d’une intervention ergonomique que nous avons conçue sur la base de la démarche QVT de l’ANACT et à laquelle nous avons intégré la prise en compte des émotions au travail. Plus précisément cette intervention est une formation-action à l’analyse et à la transformation de l’activité structurée par plusieurs sessions d’espaces de discussion sur le travail (EDD) dont l’ingénierie est centrée sur les émotions. Enfin, la dernière étude de la thèse met à l’épreuve de l’expérimentation la relation de cause à effet entre expression des émotions au travail et prise de décision. L’apport majeur de cette thèse est une proposition de démarche d’intervention ergonomique renouvelée en ergonomie de l’activité se prêtant à accompagner en partie les objectifs de la QVT. L’intervention permet aux participants d’exprimer leur vécu au travail et leurs propositions de solutions. Elle semble améliorer le capital psychologique (efficacité, espoir et résilience), modifier le pouvoir d’agir (sentiment d’efficacité personnelle ou SEP) et ne pas avoir d’effet sur la performance au travail mesurée par l’intention de départ des participants. La diminution du SEP permet de discuter les précautions à prendre avant de mener des EDD en entreprise. En effet, si l’expression des salariés à leur instances hiérarchiques supérieures reste sans réponse, la croyance en leur capacité à pouvoir agir peut-être affectée à long terme. Par conséquent, avant de mener son intervention, l’intervenant doit s’assurer de l’engagement des directions à argumenter leur prise de décision à l’issue des EDD, sans quoi ce dernier se devrait de refuser l’intervention. Les limites de cette thèse sont principalement méthodologiques puisque les méthodes de recherche choisies pour mener nos études ne nous ont pas véritablement permis de vérifier l’hypothèse générale selon laquelle intégrer la prise en compte des émotions à l’intervention ergonomique la rendait efficace dans le cadre de la QVT. L’ensemble des travaux et des réflexions issues de cette thèse constituent alors une proposition pour tout intervenant ou chercheur s’intéressant à la mise en discussion du vécu subjectif du travail et ses conséquences sur le pouvoir d’agir, la santé, le bien-être et la performance au travailQuality of Life at Work was established in France by the National Interprofessional Agreement signed on 19 June 2013. The concept has yet to be scientifically defined, but ANACT is seeking to make it operational by means of an approach characterized by the consideration of subjectivity at work and its discussion between all levels of company stakeholders. Since the objective is to decide, in a participatory manner, on the actions to be implemented to improve health, well-being and performance at work, the deployment of this QLW approach should be able to draw on the work of activity ergonomics. Research that integrates the analysis of emotions at work into the classic ergonomic intervention approach. At a time when work is being organized to produce services, worker-beneficiary relations are characterized by emotional labor, which has an impact on health, well-being, and performance at work. Moreover, emotions are essentially subjective, and their identification and expression guide our behavior and decisions. In this context, the first study in this thesis will seek to review the scientific literature describing ergonomic intervention methodologies that take account of emotions with a view to deploying QLW. The second study in this thesis will supplement the results of the review by means of a questionnaire survey on QLW actors and practices regarding ANACT's QLW approach, which appears to be underused. The factors that might explain this underutilization will also be studied using the questionnaire. The third and fourth studies of this thesis will be devoted to the deployment of an ergonomic intervention that we have designed based on the ANACT QLW approach and to which we have incorporated the consideration of emotions at work. More specifically, this intervention is a training-action course in the analysis and transformation of activity, structured around several sessions of “work-related discussion forums” (WDFs), the engineering of which is centred on emotions. Finally, the last study in the thesis puts to the test of experimentation the causal relationship between the expression of emotions at work and decision-making. The major contribution of this thesis is a proposal for a new ergonomic intervention approach in activity-based ergonomics, which lends itself to supporting QLW objectives in part. The intervention enables participants to express their experiences at work and their proposals for solutions. It appears to improve psychological capital (efficacy, hope and resilience), modify the empowerment (self-efficacy) and have no effect on work performance measured by the participants' initial intention. The self-efficacy reduction makes it possible to discuss the precautions to be taken before conducting WDF in companies. Indeed, if employees fail to express their concerns to their superiors, their belief in their ability to act may be affected in the long term. Consequently, before carrying out his intervention, the practitioner must ensure that the management is committed to arguing their decision making at the end of the WDF, otherwise the practitioner would have to refuse the intervention. The limitations of this thesis are mainly methodological, since the research methods chosen to conduct our studies did not really enable us to verify the general hypothesis that integrating consideration of emotions into ergonomic intervention made it effective in the context of QLW. The body of work and ideas arising from this thesis therefore constitute a proposal for any practitioner or researcher interested in discussing the subjective experience of work and its consequences for empowerment, health, well-being, and performance at work
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Villame, Thérèse. "Modélisation des activités de recherche d'information dans les bases de données et conception d'une aide informatique." Paris 13, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA131009.
Abstract:
Alors que les systemes informatiques de recherche d'information sont de plus en plus nombreux et sophistiques, leur acces reste difficile pour des utilisateurs non professionnels. Menes dans un contexte industriel, les travaux presentes dans cette these ont pour objectif de contribuer a la conception de systemes plus conviviaux et apportant une aide reelle aux utilisateurs. Dans cette perspective, nous considerons que cette aide ne doit pas se limiter a l'amelioratioin d'outils de recherche existant ponctuellement, mais etre veritablement integree a l'ensemble du processus de recherche. De ce point de vue, le centre de l'analyse est l'activite de l'utilisateur, qu'il est indispensable d'etre en mesure de decrire, mais egalement d'expliquer. Nous soutenons alors que l'activite doit etre abordee en situation de travail reelle, pour rendre compte du contexte dans lequel elle se deroule et privilegier le point de vue de l'utilisateur, pour cerner la signification qu'il accorde a ses actions. Nous abordons l'activite de recherche d'information a partir du cadre methodologiqzue et theorique du cours d'action, qui s'attache a prendre et rendre compte de ces dimensions. Nous proposons alors un modele de la construction de cette activite a deux niveaux. Le niveau de sa construction globale nous permet de montrer queles recherches sont organisees par les utilisateurs de facon coherente autour de grandes preoccupations pratiques et de degager les caracteristiques essentielles de l'activite. Le niveau de la construction locale nous permet de degager des elements d'explication, en particulier en ce qui concerne les savoirs et connaissances mis en oeuvre au cours de l'activite. Ces deux niceaux d'analyse sont complementaires et nous donnent les moyens de proposer un ensemble organise de principes directeurs pour la conception d'un systeme informatique deEven though information retrieval computer systems are getting more and more numerous and sophisticated, their access remains difficult for non specialists. The aim of this thesis, developed in an industrial context, is to contribute to the design of more user-friendly computer systems providing actual support. We consider that such a support must not be limited to the improvement of existing tools, but must be integrated into the whole process of information retrieval. From this point of view, the focus of analysis is the user's work practice that must be described as well as explained. We therefore believe that work practice shall be captured within the real work environment, to reflect the context in which it is performed. To understand the actual meaning given by the user to his actions, the analysis has to be centered on user's point of view. We addressed information retrieval activity with the methodological and theoretical "course of action" framework, that aims at taking into account and reflecting these work practice dimensions. Then, we proposed a two level model of construction of this activity. The global construction level shows that information retrieval process is organized by users in a coherent way around practical concerns, and outlines the essential characteristics of activity. The local construction level outlines the explanatory elements, especially the "know-low" and knowledge exercised during activity. Both analysis levels are complementary and provide adequate means to offer a set of organized guidelines for the design of a computer system devoted to database information retrieval
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Alauzet, Aline. "Adele : une architecture à base de tableau noir pour la simulation ergonomique." Nancy 1, 1998. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_1998_0026_ALAUZET.pdf.
Abstract:
L'évaluation ergonomique de maquettes de produits (habitacles de voitures, poids-lourds,) réalisées sous logiciel de CAO nécessite des outils de simulation permettant de tester l'adéquation du produit pour ses futurs utilisateurs. Les mannequins graphiques 3d sont les outils de simulation utilisés pour effectuer des tests d'encombrement, d'atteinte ou de vision. Bien que ces outils remplissent bien leur fonction d'aide, leur manipulation nécessite une véritable expertise. L'utilisateur (concepteur de bureau d'étude) doit aussi posséder l'expertise lui permettant de décider, au vu de la position obtenue avec le mannequin, si l'implantation choisie pour les constituants du produit est bonne. Sur la base de l'analyse des outils d'aide à la simulation ergonomique existants, nous proposons une nouvelle approche permettant de remédier à ces défauts en automatisant la manipulation du mannequin et en fournissant des aides à l'évaluation ergonomique. Cette approche est basée sur la constitution d'un modèle de l'activité motrice et l'élaboration de bases de connaissances sur les stratégies de mouvement et sur le diagnostic ergonomique. Le modèle d'activité, conçu a l'aide d'une modélisation objet, constitue un outil de spécification des taches que le mannequin doit effectuer. L'architecture conçue, basée sur un modèle de tableau noir, nous permet la modélisation des aspects de contrôle liés au pilotage du mannequin graphique et à la production d'un diagnostic ergonomique. Le prototype du système, nomme adele, associe trois éléments : le modèle graphique d'operateur humain man3d (développé à l'inrets/lesco), une base de données objet (développée avec le sgbd gemstone) et un système à base de tableau noir (développé avec l'outil atome, du LORIA a Nancy). La liaison entre atome et le sgbd utilisé a fait l'objet d'un développement particulier, permettant l'implantation du tableau noir dans la base de données objetThe ergonomic evaluation of computer assisted design prototypes of systems like cars or trucks requires simulation tools, in order to assess the convenience of the product for its future users. 3D graphic mannequins are such simulation tools, which provides facilities for fit, vision and reach tests. These tools prove to be very useful, however the use of the tools is in fact not easy at all due to the large amount of expertise needed to manipulate them. Furthermore, the user must possess a great amount of expert knowledge to decide, on the basis of the mannequin posture, whether he has chosen a good implantation for the elements of the product, or not. We analyse the existing ergonomie simulation tools, then we propose a new approach, based on the automation of the mannequin handling and the add of ergonomic assessment tools. We propose a motor activity model (which provides a tool for the specification of the tasks to be simulated by the mannequin) and knowledge bases (for movement strategies and ergonomie diagnosis). The system is based on a blackboard architecture which helps to model the control aspects (mannequin handling and production of an ergonomic diagnosis). The prototype of our system, ADELE, has three components: a graphical human model, MAN3D (developed at INRETS/LESCO), an object database (developed with GemStone DBMS) and a blackboard system (developed with Atome, a LORIA-Nancy tool). A specific link between Atome and GemStone has been developed, which allows to implement a blackboard located in the object database
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Skaf, Ahmad. "Etude d'un système de supervision et de commande d'un procédé complexe comme un élément de base d'une organisation distribuée comprenant des machines et des hommes." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00198491.
Abstract:
Ce travail est une contribution à l'étude du système homme-machine, dont l'avènement est le postulat que l'homme est, d'une certaine manière, contraint de cohabiter avec un partenaire trop discipliné et trop algorithmique. L'homme et la machine sont côte à côte pour gérer et contrôler les systèmes que l'on utilise dans la vie de chaque jour, surtout des systèmes de grandes complexités, où l'état d'esprit "homme-machine" est bien clair. Les activités de l'homme, montrant son rôle et sa place, se matérialisent soit par l'accomplissement du travail que le système technique (machine) est incapable d'accomplir, soit par la surveillance, la récupération d'aléas venant du système technique. A partir de cela, la relation homme-machine devient plus qu'un partenariat, elle se transforme en couple (homme, machine) indissociable, dont la forme et l'organisation sont les garant du bon déroulement du processus de production. Ainsi, l'automatisation des processus industriels devient une sorte de réunion harmonieuse de deux entités pour le bien de tous. Par l'automatisation harmonieuse on entend concevoir des systèmes de plus en plus socio-technique, là où l'homme à sa vrai place. Notre travail s'articule autour d'une vision de conception adéquate des systèmes, homme-machine, qui répond aux exigences d'optimisation des performances de tels systèmes, car la prise en compte de l'élément humain dès l'étape de la conception renforce la stabilité et l'optimalité de toutes les fonctions du système. Cette vision est matérialisée par la proposition d'une méthodologie globale pour la conception et renforcée par une approche de spécification des actions. L'application de cette vision trouve sa place dans le cadre de l'étude de la conception et de la mise en oeuvre d'une cellule de désassemblage en tant qu'un système homme-machine coopératif. Dans ce cadre, deux aspects principaux ont été développés : le premier est le système d'aide à la supervision et à la surveillance, en montrant qu'une construction d'outil d'aide à la conduite passe par l'analyse de comportement décisionnel de l'homme et par la spécification technique et ergonomique des actions du système de supervision et de surveillance. Le deuxième aspect est l'étude du processus d'exécution des tâches robotisées ou partagées avec un robot. Ce travail se justifie par un certain besoin de connaître davantage et de connaître différemment dans un esprit de mieux faire.
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Ziemelis, Stella, and Anna Bladini. "Vägen till hållbara kontorsmiljöer : En studie om betydelsen av medarbetares delaktighet vid implementering av aktivitetsbaserade kontor." Thesis, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-238459.
Abstract:
Sammanfattning Bakgrund. Den globala konkurrensen ställer ständigt krav på ökad produktivitet och ökad effektivitet. En effekt av detta är att det uppstår nya sätt att organisera arbetet. Nya arbetsformer kan innebära såväl möjligheter som utmaningar ur ett arbetsmiljöperspektiv. En hållbar arbetsmiljö på kontoret är en arbetsmiljö där medarbetare oavsett individuella förutsättningar och/eller behov kan arbeta, vara delaktiga och prestera under ett helt arbetsliv. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att studera planeringsprocessen hos ett företag eller organisation som genomfört förändringar till ett aktivitetsbaserat kontor och att analysera nöjdheten med den fysiska arbetsmiljön ur ett medarbetar- och delaktighetsperspektiv. Metod: Studien utgör en del av projektet “Projektering och planering av nya arbetsmiljöer” som drivs av en forskargrupp vid KTH (Kungliga Tekniska högskolan). Ansatsen var både kvantitativ och kvalitativ där webbaserad enkät och individuella telefonintervjuer användes som datainsamlingsmetoder. Teoretisk bakgrund: Det har skett förändringar inom utformningen av kontorsmiljöer i Sverige. Idag har trenden kommit till det aktivitetsbaserade kontoret som erbjuder olika typer av arbetsplatser anpassade för de arbetsuppgifter som förekommer. Det är fortfarande oklart vilka effekterna blir för medarbetaren och för organisationen då ett aktivitetsbaserat kontor innebär ett nytt arbetssätt. Det är viktigt att medarbetarna är delaktiga i processen för att skapa en hälsofrämjande arbetsplats samt för att uppnå uppställda mål vid en kontorsförändring. Resultat och slutsats: Delaktighet är en viktig faktor men inte den enda av betydelse vid en implementering av ett aktivitetsbaserat kontor. Medarbetare som varit delaktiga i planeringsprocessen bidrar med värdefulla erfarenheter om vikten av förberedelser, information och behovskartläggningar. Fördjupning av begreppet delaktighet rekommenderas vara en del av förberedelsearbetet för att säkerställa att hela organisationen har en samsyn vad delaktighet innebär. Nyckelord: Aktivitetsbaserade kontor, arbetsmiljö, ergonomi, utvärdering, framgångsfaktorerAbstract Background: Global competition continually demands increased productivity and increased efficiency. One effect of this is the emergence of new ways of organizing work. New forms of work can involve both opportunities and challenges from a working environment perspective. In a sustainable office work environment an employee, irrespective of individual circumstances and/or needs, can work, participate and perform throughout an entire working life. Aim: The purpose of this study was to look at the planning process of a company or organization that implemented changes to an activity based flexible office (A-FO) and to analyze the satisfaction regarding the physical work environment from an employee- and participation perspective. Method: The study was a part of the project "Designing and planning of new working environments", run by a research group at KTH (Royal Institute of Technology). The approach was both quantitative and qualitative, where web-based surveys and individual telephone interviews were conducted as data collection methods. Theory: There have been changes in the design of office environments in Sweden. The current trend is the A-FO that is designed for different types of work settings and are supposed to be adapted to the activities that occur. It is still unclear what the consequences are for the employees and for the organization. Relocating to an A-FO involves a new way of working. It is important that employees are involved in the entire process of creating a health promoting workplace and for achieving the goals set for an office change. Results and conclusion: Participation is an important factor, but not the only one, when implementing an A-FO. Employees who have participated in the planning process provide valuable experiences on the importance of preparation, information and needs mapping. Deepening of the concept of participation is recommended to be part of the preparatory work to ensure that the entire organization has a consensus regarding the meaning of participation. Keywords: Activity-based office, work environment, ergonomics, evaluation, best practice
Projektering och planering av nya arbetsmiljöer
Book chapters on the topic "Activity -based ergonomics":
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Yang, Yifeng, Yingjie Zhao, Yanyu Lu, and Shan Fu. "Cognitive Activity Recognition Based on Self-supervised Learning from EEG Signals." In Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics, 234–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77932-0_20.
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Bedny, Gregory Z., and Inna S. Bedny. "Assessment of Complexity and Reliability of the Computer-Based Task with Complex Logical and Probabilistic Structure." In Work Activity Studies Within the Framework of Ergonomics, Psychology, and Economics, 281–430. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, a CRC title, part of the Taylor & Francis imprint, a member of the Taylor & Francis Group, the academic division of T&F Informa, plc, [2019]: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351125000-9.
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Striegl, Julian, Farah Fekih, Gerhard Weber, and Claudia Loitsch. "Chatbot-Based Mood and Activity Journaling for Resource-Oriented CBT Support of Students." In Digital Human Modeling and Applications in Health, Safety, Ergonomics and Risk Management, 177–88. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-61063-9_12.
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"Fuzzy Bayesian based classification of call center agent activity." In Advances in Physical Ergonomics and Safety, 492–501. CRC Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b12323-60.
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BEYNON, C., J. BURKE, D. DORAN, and A. NEVILL. "Effects of activity-rest schedules on physiological strain and spinal load in hospital-based porters." In Advances in Sport, Leisure and Ergonomics, 347–54. Routledge, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203166635-29.
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M.R, Sahana, Shashi Dahiya, Pratibha Joshi, Mukesh Kumar, Alka Arora, and Dr Ramasubramanian V. "A MOBILE BASED DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR POSTURAL EVALUATION OF AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES WITH RAPID ENTIRE BODY ASSESSMENT (REBA)." In Futuristic Trends in Agriculture Engineering & Food Sciences Volume 3 Book 2, 1–10. Iterative International Publisher, Selfypage Developers Pvt Ltd, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.58532/v3bcag2p1ch1.
Abstract:
Agriculture is an unorganized sector and it is a very high drudgery prone profession due to the absence of awareness and entry of advanced agricultural technologies. Many farming activities and operations are carried out by farm workers in the agriculture sector, where they are subject to very poor working conditions which can lead to physical and mental stress. In agriculture, these disorders occur due to the result of heavy burden, repetitive motion, awkward working postures, long time working in neo neutral and unsupported positions, and use of non-ergonomically designed traditional tools and implements. By using different assessment tools, the ergonomic risk factors involved in the working environment can be measured to determine the worker’s capabilities and limitations. The scientifically proven postural assessment tools are used to measure the work-related risks. Rapid entire body assessment (REBA) is a method designed to provide a quick analysis of the working posture during each operation or activity and evaluates a person’s entire body including wrists, forearms, elbows, shoulders, neck, trunk, back, legs and knees. It uses a systematic process to find the postural musculoskeletal disorders and risks associated with the job tasks. A mobile application is developed to assess the agricultural activities on the basis of physiological analysis and postural analysis using REBA ergonomics technique. The application evaluates the drudgery involved in the agricultural work by using physical assessment followed by postural ergonomics methods and provides recommendation of correct posture to avoid developing musculoskeletal disorders.
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Salzman, Harold. "Skill-Based Design: Productivity, Learning, and Organizational Effectiveness." In Usability: Turning Technologies into Tools. Oxford University Press, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195075106.003.0007.
Abstract:
The effective implementation of new technology, particularly computerbased systems, typically requires more, not less worker skill and judgment (Adler, 1986; Hirschhorn, 1984; Jaikumar, 1986; Majchrzak, 1988; Walton and Sussman, 1987). While a considerable body of evidence has accumulated in support of this proposition concerning technology implementation, we know much less about what this implies for technology design. In this chapter, I argue that an effective technology strategy needs to include new principles for the “skill-based design” of technology. These principles of skill-based design go significantly beyond considerations of traditional human factors and ergonomics to encompass both the process of designing systems and specific design principles, including features and functions of the technology. More generally, I submit that technology design is always explicitly or implicitly based on social as well as technical assumptions. This chapter will show how the social assumptions regarding human capabilities and motivations that underlie the dominant design principles, including those embedded in the seemingly objective calculation of economy and efficiency, are not optimally suited to current production requirements. The key social assumptions affecting cost-benefit assessments concern the nature and degree of workers’ involvement in production, specifically the assumption that worker activity is typically limited to the exercise of a few manual skills, and the assumption that production systems can be understood as mechanistic interactions of these limited skills with the installed technology. Since workers’ activity is assumed to be limited to the exercise of rote manual skills and to be based on limited production knowledge, workers’ participation in production problem solving or performance of skilled work is not valued. On the contrary, worker involvement is seen as an unquantifiable “risk” to system performance. Complex and costly equipment designs are therefore adopted to try to eliminate human intervention. The first part of this chapter suggests a contrast between two technology design philosophies: the traditional technology-based approach and the emergent skill-based approach. The second part examines the social assumptions underlying engineering design approaches through a review of books on the design of mechanical and electro-mechanical manufacturing equipment.
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Estrada, Omar Eduardo Omar Sánchez. "Sustainable Design for a Functional Reeducation of Senior Citizens About the Basic Activities of Daily Living." In Advances in Civil and Industrial Engineering, 228–42. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7279-5.ch011.
Abstract:
Developing useful objects for a functional reeducation of senior citizens persons about the basic activities of daily living must be conceptualized considering theories, techniques, and approaches in methodology, based on ecologically bearable structures, economically viable, and socially equitable. Consequently, the present chapter has the objective to state the criteria and strategies of a sustainable design, from a detailed study of applicability of 1) user-product interaction, observation, understanding, dimensional relationship, and evaluation; 2) creative process, identification, ideation, definition, prototypes, evaluation, and structuration; 3) technical specifications, structure, sustainability, ergonomics, aesthetics, and evaluation; 4) manufacture method, sustainability, production method, life cycle, capital assets, official norms, and optimization. A contextual and conceptual analysis is proposed for the beginning, development, and conclusion of the projects so as to reestablish the relationship between natural processes and human activity.
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Delalonde, Charles, and Eddie Soulier. "DemonD." In Social Computing, 652–68. IGI Global, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-984-7.ch042.
Abstract:
This research leverages information retrieval activity in order to build a network of organizational expertise in a distributed R&D laboratory. The authors describe traditional knowledge management practices and review post-cognitivists theories in order to define social creation in collaborative information retrieval activity. The Actor-Network theory accurately describes association processes and includes both human and non-human entities. This chapter compares this theory with the emergence of Social Search services online and Experts’ Retrieval Systems. The chapter authors suggest afterward, a social search engine named DemonD that identifies documents but more specifically users relevant to a query. DemonD relies on transparent profile construction based upon user activity, community participation, and shared documents. Individuals are invited to participate in a dedicated newsgroup and the information exchanged is capitalized. The evaluation of our service both ergonomic and through a simulation provides encouraging data.
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Salzman, Harold, and Stephen R. Rosenthal. "Introduction." In Software by Design. Oxford University Press, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195083408.003.0005.
Abstract:
The concept of social values shaping technology design seems oddly out-of-place to many. Isn’t the design of technology the province of engineers? Aren’t values and technology and other social issues really outside the scope of engineering? Engineering decisions are not, after all, based on philosophy and sociology some would argue. Efficiency and economy are the objective criteria for making design decisions and these can be determined through a relatively precise calculus. Making these determinations is an objective engineering task not a matter of subjective preferences and interpretation. There is error, of course, and unintended consequences are inevitable, but these are matters to be corrected by better science and engineering. Following in this vein, one might argue that the link between technology design and quality of worklife is even further removed from the concerns of engineering. Technology is delivered “as is” and the work organization must accommodate it. Perhaps technology can be fiddled with at the margins for better ergonomics for example, but again, the essence of design is independent of quality of worklife concerns. To take this argument a step further, it is commonly stated that, for most people, work is not an activity for pleasure but for sustenance. We may wish it were otherwise, but it just isn’t so. Changing technology or other aspects of worklife is, therefore, of limited value in improving the human condition. (In fact, if changes made for worklife improvements decrease productivity, they could be detrimental by lowering prosperity and thus the quality of life outside of work.) One engineer (Florman, 1981, p. 103), writing that “blaming technology” is an “irrational search for scape goats,” states that “alienation cannot be cured by a fascinating job any more than it can be cured by a clean apartment.” Engineers should thus concentrate on designing technology the best they can and leave social issues or workplace concerns to others. It is only the application and implementation of technology that is relevant for social science. So runs the argument in many a discussion about how technology should be designed for the workplace.
Conference papers on the topic "Activity -based ergonomics":
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Oikawa, Takahiro, and Yusaku Okada. "Study on Safe Activity Activation Based on the Attitude Survey About the Safe Activity of the Employee." In Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference. AHFE International, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/1008.
Abstract:
The manager must review whether there is not activity developing whether an employee can feel a merit to oneself for current security activity without an employee understanding. Therefore the manager clarifies what kind of thought an employee has for safe activity carrying out now, and it is necessary for dissatisfaction and understanding to grasp whether there is an insufficient point concretely where. And a manager shows the guidance so that activity keeps canceling them smoothly, and it is important that an employee carries it out.Therefore, in this study, I perform the safe attitude survey to an employee and clarify a thought, consciousness for the safe activity of the employee. And I plan activation of the safe activity based on it. For example, I suggest the action guidance that aimed to improvement of the quality of the example that felt a chill and at understanding to safe activity and the improvement of the will. I grasp it about the consciousness in the depths of the employee who is not cooperative with the basic problem and activity that are not seen only in one investigation versatilely by carrying out plural attitude surveys, and putting the result together and allow you to show the action guidance that met the present conditions more on this occasion. (see Figure 1 )Figure 1 Image of the action guidance choice process
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Kurita, Yuichi, Kohei Sakurada, and Tosho Tsuji. "Evaluation of Endpoint Compliance Based on the Estimation of the Muscle Activity." In Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference. AHFE International, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/10011.
Abstract:
In this paper, endpoint compliance based on muscle activity is calculated by using a musculoskeletal model. Muscle force and muscle activity during a reaching movement are estimated by an optimization calculation based on the musculoskeletal and muscular contraction models. The calculated endpoint compliance during the reaching movement is shown by an ellipsoid. The difference between the muscle force- and the muscle activity-based endpoint compliance ellipsoids are discussed. The simulation results show that the short axes of the muscle activity-based ellipsoids tend to become longer than those of the muscle force-based ellipsoids.
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Cesar R. Vidal a, Mario, and Paulo Victor R. de Carvalho b. "Ergonomics and Resilience in Crisis Management." In Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference. AHFE International, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100176.
Abstract:
The aim of this article is to discuss the crisis management from the ergonomics point of view, i.e., presenting useful and applied recommendations, coming from a joint process of diagnostic and conception, conducted by experts capable to produce significant changes in the organizations’ productive processes. The article is structured in three parts. In the first we present the historical evolution of the risk management concepts, since their military-strategic origins up to their actual definitions as a strategic and integrated part of the organizations business management processes. In the second part, we discuss some crisis management models and events from the ergonomics and resilience engineering point of view, i.e., the analysis inside the activity. We conclude this article based on resilience and ergonomic concepts, claiming how essential an adequate crisis management process is for the efficient functioning and even survival of any modern organization.
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Bergman, Christian, Dan Högberg, Gunnar Bäckstrand, and Lena Moestam. "A Library Based Tool to Assist the Generative Activity in Workstation Design." In Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference (2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001235.
Abstract:
Workstation design processes are seldom as rigorous as product design processes. Instead, workstations are often “just built”. This commonly results in workstations that suffer from problems related to ergonomics, flexibility, logistics, productivity etc., in turn leading to reductions in human wellbeing and/or economics. The problem is seldom a lack of information, about ergonomics or other relevant areas, in itself. The problem is rather knowledge of how to find, interpret and use the information proactively in the design of workstations, e.g. in the definition of a complete set of goals for a successful design, or in the generation of design solutions that fulfil these goals. Moreover, the evaluation of a workstation design is typically performed on actual workstations, or physical mock-ups representing near-completed proposals. This paper argues that workstation design processes could gain from utilizing product design methodologies. In line with this, a novel and structured way of establishing a library of verified design solutions that fulfil certain requirements is presented in this paper. This would help the designer to select and generate solutions for the design task at hand, thus speeding up the design process and reducing the risk of redesign and rebuild, due to not fulfilling set requirements.
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Martins, Diogo, Sara M. Cerqueira, Tiago P. Vieira, Ana Pombeiro, and Cristina P. Santos. "Towards a User-specific Ergonomics-based Approach for an Activity Assessment Tool." In 2023 IEEE International Conference on Autonomous Robot Systems and Competitions (ICARSC). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icarsc58346.2023.10129578.
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Rodea, Alejandro, and Lucila Mercado. "Ergonomics, Environment and Sustainability." In Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference. AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001329.
Abstract:
The concept of environment is one with different scopes, accordingly to the theme in question. Seeing it from macro or global aspects, the main concerns addressed include pollution of air, water and land and ecosystem destruction, for its part at the micro or individual level, the areas of work and movement, proxemics or accessibility to spaces are points of interest more frequently addressed. This diversity of approaches and interests is due in part to the multiplicity of disciplines from which it is addressed the complex environmental concept, as each discipline given its specificity, manages technical terms and theories that are not always shared by other disciplines, affecting interrelationship of its objectives and methods when analyzing as more complex systems. Thereby, as an example, in ergonomic systems users are analyzed when performing specific activities with objects and spaces well defined. These spaces are the environment in which these users perform its activities, and are very important for them because they confer -or not- the conditions for an optimal ergonomic relationship. However, to adapt the environmental conditions for a User on a particular task have effects in broader systemic levels of analysis, usually in contrast of the ideal conditions needed by other users or (micro)ergonomic systems. Thus , to perform a given activity may require certain temperature, ventilation and lighting, while another may require different conditions for their achievement. This divergence of environmental conditions at micro level approach, have different intensities at either the environment within an organization and globally. When an ergonomic system is designed, the intention of achieving adequate levels of effectiveness, efficiency, health, comfort and satisfaction –just to mention few basic objectives of the ergonomics discipline, the object’s variables, and those of the activity and the environment are manipulated in the search of a synergistic balance that drives through such ergonomic objectives, but several questions arises about what are the environmental impacts of these decisions into higher systemic levels. Based on macroergonomics concepts can be developed analysis strategies to determine actions to be taken in adapting the ergonomic system, not only pursuing its objectives per se, but in order to consider the best design practices in relation to the effects caused to the environment with this intervention, converging into a more sustainable development vision.
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Vi Costa a, Susana, Rodolfo AG Vilela a, and Marco Antonio Pereira Querolb. "Formative Intervention to Change the School Health Center Activity." In Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference. AHFE International, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100490.
Abstract:
The aim of this paper is to propose an interventionist approach for transforming a School Health Center (CSE) in São Paulo, Brazil. The Center is in a situation of crisis, providing precarious health services due to limited human and material resources. In the article we argue that the solution for the crisis depends on how it is interpreted. We present an ethnographic narrative constructed collectively by researcher and practitioners through data from interviews and a mini-intervention. The aim of this narrative was to provide a better understanding about the development of the activity of health care and education/research conducted at the CSE. As it will be argued this hypothesis is the first step towards a broader on-going intervention using a method called Change Laboratory, which is based on an Activity Theoretical approach. The narrative shows that the School Health Center’s object (primary and secondary health care) and the object of the Faculty of Public Health (research and education) have changed towards different developmental directions. The integration between these two objects is narrower than when the Center was first created, and this can be a key source of conflicts between CSE by the Faculty. The results suggest that a more effective solution to the crisis would involve the reconstruction of the object motivation (product service) produced in the activity.
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Advincula, Bufford. "User Experience Survey of Innovative Softwares in Evaluation of Industrial-Related Ergonomic Hazards: A Focus on 3D Motion Capture Assessment." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/205850-ms.
Abstract:
Abstract This paper aims to present user experience survey results of innovative software assessment technologies available in the market aimed in evaluating risks of industrial-related ergonomic hazards. The scope covers industrial ergonomics softwares currently available for purchase where time-limited free trial is offered, particularly those that utilize 3D Motion Capture Assessment which relies on kinematic inputs aided by non-invasive computer technology and artificial intelligence, and makes use of pre-determined weightings based on biomechanical risk factors. In light of the inclusion criterion, six industrial ergonomics softwares were considered. User field trials were conducted during January to September 2020 among 10 Occupational Health Subject Matter Experts (OH SME) coming from seven oil and gas Group Companies. Each OH SME attended a product demonstration by the shortlisted software vendor, participated in software trial at their respective workplaces, and provided feedback on the software's usability by filling out a survey questionnaire. OH SME responses were then collected for further qualitative analyses. Three of the eligible softwares relied on photo snapshot capturing work activity where subsequent analysis is done through competent professional judgment of qualitative risk. Another three were dependent on 3D Motion Capture Assessment where upper and lower limb motions of employees are digitally captured, recorded, and analyzed. Two of the softwares utilized sensors attached to different parts of employee's body, while one relied on Android/Smartphone snapshot of work activity and analyzed by the software's algorithm. Analyses of OH SME feedback revealed majority of them (n = 7) preferred using 3D Motion Capture Assessment over professional judgment of qualitative risk as an effective tool in evaluation of industrial work-related ergonomic risks. 3D Motion Capture Assessment provided accurate measurements of employee joint postures and postural angles. The tool ensured consistency in risk scoring for a particular industrial-related work activity as the calculation is standardized. The tool's algorithm is aligned with globally accepted assessment tools in evaluating ergonomic risks which enhances its validity. OH SMEs have expressed concerns on use of Android/Smartphone in Critical Infrastructure and Coastal Protection Authority facilities, training time needed in learning the software, and repetitive use of motion sensors among different employees which may lead to personal hygiene issues. 3D Motion Capture Assessment is a novel ergonomics software tool that can be used in real-time and accurate evaluation of ergonomic risks arising from industrial work-related activities. It can replace observational assessment of a work activity that may be prone to professional judgment errors. However, more validation and reliability studies need to be done in future as well as determining association between ergonomics risk scores obtained from the software and prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders.
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Matiur Rahman, S. A. M., Nizam Uddin Ahamed, Kenneth Sundaraj, Md Asraf Ali, and Anamul Islam. "SURFACE EMG-BASED ACTIVITY ANALYSIS ON FOREARM MUSCLE: A METHODOLOGICAL PROPOSAL FOR ERGONOMICS EPIDEMIOLOGY." In Movement, Health and Exercise 2014 Conference. Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/mohe.2014.res.067.
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Voskoboynikov, Fred, and Waldemar Karwowski. "The contribution of Gregory Bedny's systemic-structural activity theory to the science of activity." In 14th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2023). AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003004.
Abstract:
In this paper we will make an attempt to present a brief overview of General, Applied and Systemic-Structural Activity Theories. The focus mostly will be on the creation and development of the Systemic-Structural Activity Theory (SSAT). We will consider some basic concepts of activity theory and will outline some difficulties that Western scientists experiense in interpretation and application of the theory. General activity theory (AT) was developed in the former Soviet Union. Three prominent scientists Rubinstein, Leont’iev and Vygotsky are responsible for the creation of the theory. For a long period of time attempts were made to use this theory for the study of human work. However, there was not enough significantly developed data for applying it to the study of human work. With the development of mechanization and automation in the industry, in transport, in the military sphere and other modern fields of human activity it became obvious that the direct application of general activity theory was not possible. To the response of technological progress a more advanced theory, an Applied Activity Theory (ATT), was developed by these scientists in 1970s. The most important fields where AAT was applied to were aviation systems, automated control systems for technological processes, remote control systems, software and some others. The further development of ATT led to the creation of the Systemic-Structural Activity theory. Thanks to the research of Gregory Bedny, the SSAT was born. The main postulate of SSAT is that it views activity as a structurally-organized self-regulating system, rather than the set of responses to multiple incentives. This system is considered to be purposeful and self-regulating in changing environmental conditions. Activity theory, and specifically its applied fields, AAT and SSAT, utilize teminology with a totally different meaning of what it is used in the West. It explains why the adaptation of general activity theory to the task analysis in general and to human-computer interaction specifically was ineffective. That was also the reason why analysis of basic concepts of activity theory in the West demonstrates an unfortunate failure of Western scientists in the attempts to capture the original meaning of activity theory terminology. Gregory Bedny illustrates it by the following example. The Russian word deyatel’nost’ loosely translates into English as activity. However, deyatel'nost is a much broader concept than the English word activity. Deyatel'nost is a coherent system of internal mental processes and external behavior actions, and motivation, that are combined and directed to achieve conscious goals. By analyzing, interpreting, explaining, and translating the general activity theory terminology, he provided a great gift to Western scientists, and thus made a significant contribution to understanding of the theory. The SSAT received recognition in the West, and particularly in the USA. In this work we will describe the terminology used in SSAT and the basic concepts of the theory: self-regulation, goal and task. The significance of the AAT and SSAT is that, based on the data developed, it can now be applied for the sudy and practice of human work.