Journal articles: 'Activities of Daily Living (ADL)'

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C, Roberts, and King J. "A-023 Comparison of Informant Reports of Daily Functioning to Objective Neurocognitive Performances: Activities of Daily Living Questionnaire versus Lawton Activities of Daily Living/Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 35, no. 6 (August 28, 2020): 813. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acaa068.023.

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Abstract Objective Informant reports of daily functioning are often useful when assessing functional skill impairments in neuropsychological dementia evaluations, given potential biases with self-reporting from low insight and/or a reluctance to endorse reduced independence. Two measures of informant functional skill assessments were compared within patients relative to their objective neurocognitive performances. Method Participants included 19 (32% male, 68% female; 21% Hispanic, 69% Caucasian) outpatient older adult dementia evaluations aged 60 to 90 years (Mean age = 74, SD = 7.7) who were accompanied by a family member or caregiver informant. The Activities of Daily Living Questionnaire (ADLQ) and the Lawton Activities of Daily Living and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale (ADL/IADL) informant reports were compared relative to performances on the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test delayed recall trial (HVLT), Trail Making Test Part B (TMTB), CLOX: An Executive Clock Drawing Task (CLOX1), and the Controlled Oral Word Association Test, FAS and Animals (COWAT). Results Simple linear regression analyses indicated the ADLQ significantly predicted both TMTB (β = −.52, 95% CI [−.81, −.23], p < .01; R2 = .47) and HVLT (β = −.38, 95% CI [−.67, −.08], p < .01; R2 = .31) performances. The ADL/IADL scale significantly predicted TMTB performances (β = −.70, 95% CI [−1.1, −.30], p < .01; R2 = .46). A significant correlation was observed between ADLQ and ADL/IADL informant reports (r(17) = .60, p < .01). Conclusion There was a significant linear relationship between both ADLQ and ADL/IADL informant reports with TMTB performances. The ADLQ reports also significantly predicted HVLT performances. No significant relationships were observed between either ADLQ and ADL/IADL reports, and participants’ CLOX1 or COWAT FAS/Animals performances.

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Gupta, Ashim, Ajish S. R. Potty, Deepak Ganta, R. Justin Mistovich, Sreeram Penna, Craig Cady, and Anish G. Potty. "Streamlining the KOOS Activities of Daily Living Subscale Using Machine Learning." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 8, no. 3 (March 1, 2020): 232596712091044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967120910447.

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Background: Functional outcome scores provide valuable data, yet they can be burdensome to patients and require significant resources to administer. The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a knee-specific patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) and is validated for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction outcomes. The KOOS requires 42 questions in 5 subscales. We utilized a machine learning (ML) algorithm to determine whether the number of questions and the resultant burden to complete the survey can be lowered in a subset (activities of daily living; ADL) of KOOS, yet still provide identical data. Hypothesis: Fewer questions than the 17 currently provided are actually needed to predict KOOS ADL subscale scores with high accuracy. Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 2. Methods: Pre- and postoperative patient-reported KOOS ADL scores were obtained from the Surgical Outcome System (SOS) data registry for patients who had ACL reconstruction. Categorical Boosting (CatBoost) ML models were built to analyze each question and its value in predicting the patient’s actual functional outcome (ie, KOOS ADL score). A streamlined set of minimal essential questions were then identified. Results: The SOS registry contained 6185 patients who underwent ACL reconstruction. A total of 2525 patients between the age of 16 and 50 years had completed KOOS ADL scores presurgically and 3 months postoperatively. The data set consisted of 51.84% male patients and 48.16% female patients, with a mean age of 29 years. The CatBoost model predicted KOOS ADL scores with high accuracy when only 6 questions were asked ( R2 = 0.95), similar to when all 17 questions of the subscale were asked ( R2 = 0.99). Conclusion: ML algorithms successfully identified the essential questions in the KOOS ADL questionnaire. Only 35% (6/17) of KOOS ADL questions (descending stairs, ascending stairs, standing, walking on flat surface, putting on socks/stockings, and getting on/off toilet) are needed to predict KOOS ADL scores with high accuracy after ACL reconstruction. ML can be utilized successfully to streamline the burden of patient data collection. This, in turn, can potentially lead to improved patient reporting, increased compliance, and increased utilization of PROMs while still providing quality data.

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DE JONGHE, JOS F. M. "Everyday actions are activities of daily living." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 12, no. 5 (September 2006): 755. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617706060917.

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Giovannetti and co-authors (Giovannetti et al., 2006) highlight the importance of measuring activities of daily living (ADL) and Instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) for the diagnosis of dementia. The method used, Naturalistic Action Test (NAT), is performance based. Study rationale was that “the relevance of diagnosis to everyday functioning has gone largely unexplored.” However, this statement seems to be invalid: cognitive impairment interfering with daily/social functioning is one of the DSM-IV dementia criteria. Secondly, many different ADL/IADL scales exist and are used in dementia research, including those that are performance based (Burns et al., 2004). Authors should have reviewed these scales more thoroughly and present a rationale for introducing a new one. NAT items model household chores and preparing a simple meal only. These activities are quite different from and perhaps easier to perform than using the telephone, handling finances, and similar instrumental activities. Simple activities or ADL may not be useful in differentiating dementia from normality, especially in the early stages of dementia.

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Hindmarch, Ian, Hartmut Lehfeld, Perry de Jongh, and Hellmut Erzigkeit. "The Bayer Activities of Daily Living Scale (B-ADL)." Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders 9, no. 2 (1998): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000051195.

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Wu, Jiaxuan, Yunfei Feng, and Peng Sun. "Sensor Fusion for Recognition of Activities of Daily Living." Sensors 18, no. 11 (November 19, 2018): 4029. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18114029.

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Activity of daily living (ADL) is a significant predictor of the independence and functional capabilities of an individual. Measurements of ADLs help to indicate one’s health status and capabilities of quality living. Recently, the most common ways to capture ADL data are far from automation, including a costly 24/7 observation by a designated caregiver, self-reporting by the user laboriously, or filling out a written ADL survey. Fortunately, ubiquitous sensors exist in our surroundings and on electronic devices in the Internet of Things (IoT) era. We proposed the ADL Recognition System that utilizes the sensor data from a single point of contact, such as smartphones, and conducts time-series sensor fusion processing. Raw data is collected from the ADL Recorder App constantly running on a user’s smartphone with multiple embedded sensors, including the microphone, Wi-Fi scan module, heading orientation of the device, light proximity, step detector, accelerometer, gyroscope, magnetometer, etc. Key technologies in this research cover audio processing, Wi-Fi indoor positioning, proximity sensing localization, and time-series sensor data fusion. By merging the information of multiple sensors, with a time-series error correction technique, the ADL Recognition System is able to accurately profile a person’s ADLs and discover his life patterns. This paper is particularly concerned with the care for the older adults who live independently.

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Eakin, Pamela. "Problems with Assessments of Activities of Daily Living." British Journal of Occupational Therapy 52, no. 2 (February 1989): 50–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030802268905200205.

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This is the second of two articles addressing the design and use of assessments of activities of daily living (ADL). The first article reviewed 15 published ADL assessments and evaluated their usefulness for occupational therapists together with any evidence for their reliability and validity. The importance of using standardised assessments was stressed. This second article explains what is meant by terms such as reliability, validity and operationalisation. It details the consequences of using assessments in which these terms are misunderstood or, even, totally absent.

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Mioshi, E., J. R. Hodges, and M. Hornberger. "Neural Correlates of Activities of Daily Living in Frontotemporal Dementia." Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology 26, no. 1 (February 19, 2013): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0891988713477474.

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Background: Little research to date has investigated neural correlates of functional disability in frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Methods: Activities of daily living (ADL) were covaried against gray matter atrophy regions via Voxel-based morphometry in FTD (n = 52) and contrasted against a dementia control Alzheimer disease (AD) group (n = 20) and healthy age-matched controls (n = 18). Results: Both patient groups had similar ADL scores. However, FTD and AD differed on the gray matter atrophy areas associated with ADL scores. The FTD showed involvement of prefrontal and thalamus regions while AD showed widespread temporal, parietal, frontal, and caudate atrophy correlating with ADL dysfunction. Importantly, only the left superior frontal gyrus was implicated in ADL dysfunction for both FTD and AD. Conclusions: Differences in underlying neural correlates of ADL impairment have important clinical implications as these differences should be taken into account when interventions are planned. Dementia subtypes might require specifically tailored interventions for functional disability.

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Ardalan, Ali, Monir Mazaheri, Hani Mowafi, Michael VanRooyen, Fariba Teimoori, and Reza Abbasi. "Impact of the 26 December 2003 Bam Earthquake on Activities of Daily Living and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living of Older People." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, no. 2 (April 2011): 99–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11000045.

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AbstractIntroduction: This study compares self-reported Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) status among elderly survivors of the 2003 Bam Earthquake before, two months after, and five years after the event, and explores related determinants.Methods: A two-stage cluster survey was conducted on 210 elderly survivors in the earthquake-stricken area five years after the event.Results: Both ADL and IADL scores decreased two months after earthquake compared to prior status (p <0.001). No differences were observed between two months and five years after the event (p >0.05). Access to medical services were not related to level of ADL or IADL (p = 0.52 and p = 0.74, respectively). Elderly survivors with lower functional capability in terms of ADL experienced more problems in access to relief items (p = 0.04), but no similar association was found for IADL (p = 0.26).Conclusion: The Bam earthquake adversely affected functional capacity of the elderly. Disaster responders must take into account functional capacity of elders when planning for medical and relief operations.

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Egan, Mary, S. A. Warren, Patrick A. Hessel, and Gail Gilewich. "Activities of Daily Living after Hip Fracture: Pre- and Post Discharge." Occupational Therapy Journal of Research 12, no. 6 (November 1992): 342–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/153944929201200602.

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Sixty-one individuals hospitalized for hip fractures received activities of daily living (ADL) assessments during the 3 days prior to discharge. Information was also collected regarding anticipated role loss, depression, mental status, health status, and social support. Independence in ADL at home was measured 3 weeks following discharge by telephone interviews. The concordance between predischarge and post discharge ADL scores was low but statistically significant (Kw = .223; p < .05). Approximately 50.8% of the subjects demonstrated greater dependence post discharge. More dependent ADL performance at home was not related to role loss, depression, mental status, health status, or social support. Predischarge ADL assessments are often taken into consideration when formulating discharge plans. However, these evaluations do not always accurately predict post discharge ADL independence. It is recommended, therefore, that community follow-up be carried out with patients who have fractured hips.

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Eto, F., M. Tanaka, M. Chishima, M. Igarashi, T. Mizoguchi, H. Wada, and S. Iijima. "Comprehensive Activities of Daily Living(ADL) Index for the Elderly." Nippon Ronen Igakkai Zasshi. Japanese Journal of Geriatrics 29, no. 11 (1992): 841–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3143/geriatrics.29.841.

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Usha, Preeti, Surekha Kishore, Mahendra Singh, Pradeep Aggarwal, Bhavna Jain, and Kanchan Gawande. "Assessment of Activities of Daily Living (ADL) in elderly population." Indian Journal of Community Health 32, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 447–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2020.v32i02.026.

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Introduction: Most of the developing country facing growing number of elderly population because of decrease in fertility and increase in longevity. Elderly age (≥ 60 years) is a period in which people are prone to chronic diseases and their functional independency is probably restricted by physical and mental disabilities. Aim & Objectives: To find out the prevalence of physical dependency among elderly in Uttarakhand, India. Material & Methods: Activities of daily living (ADL) comprise the basic actions that involve caring for self and body, including personal care, eating and mobility. Results: In the present study population of 400, 112 (28%) study population were found to be physically dependent for their daily activities and out of them 63.39 % had moderate to severe dependency. Conclusion: High level of physical dependency in this study population need urgent attention towards good quality home care and geriatric health care services in India at primary, secondary and tertiary level.

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Foley, Kathleen, Jamie Gentry, Tralisa Myers, Lindsay Rankin, and Kristin Shepard. "Activities of Daily Living (ADL) Strategies to Age in Place." American Journal of Occupational Therapy 73, no. 4_Supplement_1 (August 1, 2019): 7311505112p1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5014/ajot.2019.73s1-po3007.

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Morgan, Virginia J., Janice W. Glynn, Teresa Hennessey, Debra L. Margolis, and Sara A. Smolover. "Interrater reliability of an activities of daily living (ADL) assessment." Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 74, no. 6 (June 1993): 670. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-9993(93)90235-3.

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Suci, Helmanis, and Tomi Jepisa. "Dukungan Keluarga Untuk Pemenuhan Activities Daily Living (ADL) Pada Lansia." JIK JURNAL ILMU KESEHATAN 4, no. 1 (April 13, 2020): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33757/jik.v4i1.255.

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Menurut WHO (2013) populasi lansia dkawasan Asia Tenggara berjumlah 142 juta jiwa, di Indonesia sendiri diperkirakan 2025 mencapai 36 juta jiwa. Dengan bertambahnya jumlah lansia maka permasalahan kesahatan pada laansia juga meningkat, salah satunya masalah Activity Daily Living (ADL) sebanyak 48% lansia mengalami masalah lansia. Bertambahnya usia dan mempunyai masalah yang kompleks sehingga mengalami penurunan kemandirian dan meningkatkan ketergantungan lansia kepada orang lain dalam mencukupi pemenuhan aktivitas sehari-hari. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Hubungan Dukungan Keluarga dengan Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Activities Daily Living (ADL) pada Lansia di Puskesmas Andalas Padang Tahun 2019. Jenis penelitian analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian semua lansia yang berkunjung ke Puskesmas Andalas Padang penelitian dilakukan pada tanggal 05 – 14 Agustus 2019. Teknik pengambilan sampel accidental sampling. Data dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat. Hasil penelitian kurang dari separo (46,9%) lansia memiliki keluarga kurang mendukung Lebih dari separo (61,5%) lansia memiliki ketergantungan dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan activity daily living. Adanya dukungan keluarga terhadap ketergantungan pemenuhan kebutuhan Activity Daily Living dengan (p < 0,05) . Diharapkan tenaga kesehatan dapat memberikan informasi kepada keluarga lansia tentang dukungan keluarga dan aktifitas sehari-hari pada lansia terutama dukungan penilaian.

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Sandrawati, Dewi Putri. "Studi Literatur: Pengaruh Fungsi Kognitif Terhadap Activities of Daily Living Pasca Stroke." Media Gizi Kesmas 10, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/mgk.v10i1.2021.113-117.

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Latar Belakang: Serangan stroke dapat menghambat aliran darah ke bagian otak tertentu yang menyebabkan sebagian dari otak tidak mendapatkan nutrisi dari aliran darah sehingga mengakibatkan kerusakan pada bagian otak yang terdampak. Kerusakan otak akibat stroke dapat meningkatkan risiko penurunan fungsi kognitif sehingga pasien pasca stroke menjadi bergantungan pada orang lain dalam melakukan aktivitas sehari-hari atau activity of daily living (ADL). Tujuan: Penulisan artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pengaruh fungsi kognitif terhadap kemandirian activities of daily living (ADL) pada pasien post stroke. Metode: Metode penulisan ini adalah studi literatur dengan menggunakan sumber pustaka jurnal dan buku referensi yang mendukung penulisan artikel ini. Hasil: Hasil yang diperoleh menurut sebagian besar penelitian terdapat korelasi yang positif antara gangguan kognitif dengan kemandirian activities of daily living (ADL). Namun ditemukan pada salah satu penelitian yang menyatakan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara fungsi kognitif yang diukur dengan The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) dengan basic activities of daily living (BADL).Kesimpulan: Stroke dapat menyebabkan gangguan kognitif yang dapat mempengaruhi kemandirian activity of daily living (ADL) pada pasien pasca stroke dan gangguan kognitif pada domain persepsi memiliki pengaruh yang besar pada kemampuan pasien dalam melakukan activity of daily living (ADL).

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Reisberg, Barry, Sanford Finkel, John Overall, Norbert Schmidt-Gollas, Siegfried Kanowski, Hartmut Lehfeld, Franz Hulla, et al. "The Alzheimer's Disease Activities of Daily Living International Scale (ADL-IS)." International Psychogeriatrics 13, no. 2 (June 2001): 163–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610201007566.

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Background: Activities of daily living (ADL) deficits are integral components of dementia disorders, and ADL measures are among the most robust markers of the course of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Despite this acknowledged importance, no clearly useful ADL instrument for cross-cultural application in pharmacologic trials in the early stages of AD had been available. Method: An international effort was launched to develop an ADL scale for pharmacologic trials in early AD. Steps taken from 1990 to the present included: (1) international scientific working group meetings and reviews, (2) reviews of existing measures, (3) collating of existent, nonredundant items, (4) querying experts for new items, (5) interviews with informants and subjects in the USA, France, and Germany, toward the identification of potential new items, (6) identification of an item pool based upon these procedures, (7) creation of a trial instrument, (8) piloting of this instrument, and (9) refinement of the scale based upon statistical analysis of the pilot data. Final item selection was based upon: (1) relevance for ≥ 80% of subjects in severity-stratified USA and German samples; (2) absence of gender and national biases; (3) significant (p < .05) discrimination between (a) normal versus mildly impaired and (b) mildly impaired versus moderately to moderately severely impaired subjects; and (4) Global Deterioration Scale (GDS) scores accounting for ≥ 12% of variance in the item after controlling for age and gender. Results: An ADL scale consisting of 40 items that correlate with the global and cognitive progress of AD is developed for international usage in pharmacologic trials in incipient, mild, moderate, and moderately severe AD. The scale contains 40 items falling within 13 ADL categories. The 40-item scale is shown to have .81 correlation with GDS staging,.81 with mental status assessment (Mini-Mental State Examination), and .81 with a psychometric test (the SKT) (p values < .001). Conclusion: This scale can be used to measure therapeutic response in AD.

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Wolf, Helen. "Assessments of Activities of Daily Living and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living: Their Use by Community-Based Health Service Occupational Therapists Working in Physical Disability." British Journal of Occupational Therapy 60, no. 8 (August 1997): 359–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030802269706000809.

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A preliminary study was carried out to evaluate the appropriateness of activities of dally living (ADL) scales as outcome measures for a community-based multidiscipilnary service to physically disabled young people. A literature search was undertaken which raised several questions and concerns. To find out how other teams addressed these issues, telephone interviews were conducted with occupational therapists working in similar NHS teams. They were asked about the nature of their services, their use of ADL and ADL scales and whether these were administered as outcome measures.

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Wahyudi, Yudisfi Dwisa Junipa, and Widaryati Widaryati. "Perbandingan activities of daily living pasca perawatan pada pasien jantung berdasarkan jenis penyakit." Jurnal Kebidanan dan Keperawatan Aisyiyah 15, no. 1 (June 4, 2019): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.31101/jkk.1024.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan kemampuan activities of daily living (ADL) pasca perawatan pasien penyakit jantung berdasarkan jenis penyakitnya di RS PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan metode comparative study dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Teknik sampling menggunakan simple random sampling dengan 102 responden. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner ADL Barthel Indeks. Uji statistik menggunakan kruskall Wallis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan kemampuan Activities of Daily Living pada pasien penyakit jantung. Mayoritas responden memiliki kriteria mandiri berdasarkan jenis penyakitnya.

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Clark, M. Cherie, Sara J. Czaja, and Ruth A. Weber. "Older Adults and Daily Living Task Profiles." Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 32, no. 5 (October 1990): 537–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001872089003200504.

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This paper describes data generated from a comprehensive study in which human factors techniques were applied to the analysis of 25 personal and instrumental activities of daily living (ADLs) performed by 60 older adults (age 55 to 93 years) living in the community. Demand profiles generated from task analysis of videotaped ADLs identify the demands inherent in task activities and the objects and environments associated with them. Examples of four different approaches to examine ADL performance using demand profiles are presented: global descriptions of demands across all ADL tasks, task component profiles, task-specific profiles, and action profiles.

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Ames, David. "A useful development in measuring activities of daily living." International Psychogeriatrics 27, no. 9 (July 30, 2015): 1417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610215000964.

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Standard activities of daily living (ADL) scales developed in the 1960s and 1970s do not capture the subtle impairments seen in individuals with progressive mild cognitive impairment (MCI), which in many cases is due to prodromal Alzheimer's disease (AD). Given the promise of treatments now in development to modify the underlying AD process, early detection of MCI may become very important in future. De Vriendt and colleagues, whose paper has been chosen by the editorial team of International Psychogeriatrics, to be paper of the month in this issue, are to be congratulated for developing and validating the advanced ADL tool with the aim of providing a useful ADL measure to distinguish normal from pathological cognitive aging. They have assessed a large sample (150 people with AD, MCI and healthy controls) and report acceptable parameters for discrimination of these three groups using the instrument they have developed. The next step will be to try it out in a variety of clinical populations, settings, and cultures and perhaps to see how well it stacks up against other methods of detecting preclinical and prodromal AD (e.g. amyloid PET scans or lumbar punctures). The publication of this very good paper will allow other teams around the world to start using this user-friendly instrument and I await the outcome of further work on it with great interest.

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Adnani, Hariza, Anna Nur Hikmawati, Siranee Sihapark, Dwi Suharyanta, and Dwi Widiyaningsih. "Factors of independent of activities of daily living among osteoarthritis elderly." International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) 11, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijphs.v11i1.21065.

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<p>The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine the relationship between ability to carry out activities of daily living (ADL) independently and functional ability, mental status, exercise habits, and other factors, among elderly people with osteoarthritis (OA) at Pleret Bantul, Indonesia. Measures included Katz Index of Independence in ADL, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), and the Short portable mental status questionnaire (SPMSQ). Chi-square analyses odds ratios (OR) were calculated. The study results showed that the ADL independence among the sample was associated with younger age OR=.347; 95% CI =.253-.477), exercise habit OR=7.07; 95% CI=2.86-17.47) and functional ability (OR=2.34; 95% CI=1.82-3.01). There was no relationship between living situation or mental status and ADL. These findings can be used as information to design programs to support independence in ADLs among elderly persons with OA in Indonesia.</p>

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Senanarong, Vorapun, Kamolthip Harnphadungkit, Naraporn Prayoonwiwat, Niphon Poungvarin, Nopwan Sivasariyanonds, Tipawan Printarakul, Suthipol Udompunthurak, and Jeffrey L. Cummings. "A New Measurement of Activities of Daily Living for Thai Elderly With Dementia." International Psychogeriatrics 15, no. 2 (June 2003): 135–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610203008822.

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Background: Activities of daily living (ADL) vary across cultures, and measure of ADL needs to be specific to the population under study. We developed an ADL measure for Thai elderly with dementia and investigated the reliability and validity of this instrument. Materials and Methods: Item construction was accomplished with a panel of neurologists and a rehabilitation medicine physician. One hundred eighty-one subjects were interviewed using the Thai ADL measure. Of this sample, one hundred fifty-nine had dementia according to the Diagnosic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition criteria. These data were analyzed for internal consistency; concurrent validity was determined by comparison with the Barthel Index, Functional Assessment Questionnaire (FAQ), Thai Mental State Exam (TMSE), and Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scale; and discriminant validity was determined by comparison with the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). Thirty subjects were tested to determine interrater and test-retest reliability. Results: Thai ADL measure was composed of six basic ADL and seven instrumental ADL. It had high correlation with TMSE scores (r = −.69), CDR scores (r = .81), Barthel Index scores (r = −.08), and FAQ scores (r = .88), and moderate correlation with NPI scores (r = .46). The instrument had high test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = .92, .89) and high interrater reliability (ICC = .96, .93). Conclusion: The Thai ADL scale is easy to use and it has high reliability. It had high concurrent validity with previously published ADL scales. The methodology used to develop the Thai ADL scale can provide a model for creating culturally competent ADL scales.

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De Vriendt, Patricia, Ellen Gorus, Elise Cornelis, Anja Velghe, Mirko Petrovic, and Tony Mets. "The process of decline in advanced activities of daily living: a qualitative explorative study in mild cognitive impairment." International Psychogeriatrics 24, no. 6 (February 3, 2012): 974–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610211002766.

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ABSTRACTBackground: The notion of “minimal impairment in instrumental activities of daily living (i-ADL)” is important in the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), but is presently not adequately operationalized. ADL is stratified according to difficulty, complexity, and also to vulnerability to early cognitive changes in a threefold hierarchy: basic activities of daily living (b-ADL), i-ADL, and advanced activities of daily living (a-ADL). This study aims to gain a deeper understanding of the functional decline in the process of MCI.Methods: In a qualitative design, 37 consecutive patients diagnosed with amnestic (a)-MCI and their proxies were interviewed at two geriatric day hospitals. Constant comparative analysis was used for the analysis.Results: The a-ADL-concept emerged as important in the diagnosis of MCI. All participants were engaged in a wide range of activities, which could be clustered according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Participants reported subtle difficulties in performance. A process of functional decline was identified in which adaptation and coping mechanisms interacted with the process of reduced skills, leading to an activity disruption and an insufficiency in functioning.Conclusion: This study asserts the inclusion of an evaluation of a-ADL in the assessment of older persons. When evaluating ADL at three levels (b-ADL, i-ADL, and a-ADL), all the activities one can perform in daily living are covered.

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Sugimoto, Ken, and Koichi Yamamoto. "Hypertension, the decline of activities of daily living (ADL) and frailty." Hypertension Research 45, no. 4 (January 26, 2022): 629–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41440-021-00846-4.

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Mohamadzadeh, Marzieh, Vahid Rashedi, Mitra Hashemi, and Vahidreza Borhaninejad. "Relationship Between Activities of Daily Living and Depression in Older Adults." Salmand 15, no. 2 (July 1, 2020): 200–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/sija.13.10.180.

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Objectives: Physical disability to perform daily living activities is one of the major causes of depression in the elderly people. On the other hand, depression is associated with loss of interest in daily activities and lack of independence. The present study aimed to assess the relationship of depression with the ability to perform Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) in older adults in Iran. Methods & Materials: This cross-sectional study was performed on 148 elderly people aged ≥60 years who were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method. Data were collected by using ADL, IADL, and 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) questionnaires and were then presented by using descriptive statistics and analyzed by Chi-square test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and regression analysis. Results: Participants were 86 female (58.1%) and 62 male (41.9%); 109 (73.6%) aged 60-75 years, and the rest were older than 75 years; 71 (48%) had moderate or severe depression; 4(2.7%) and 61(41.2%) were dependent or in need of help performing ADL and IADL, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that depression has a significant negative correlation with ADL (r= -0.304, P<0.001) and IADL (r=-0.193, P>0.01); i.e. by increasing one of them, the depression decreases. Conclusion: The ability of the elderly people to perform ADL and IADL can be a good predictor of depression in them. With early assessment of their health and ability by health teams and family members, it is possible to prevent the development of their disability and depression.

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Axmon, Anna, Lisa Ekstam, Björn Slaug, Steven M. Schmidt, and Agneta Malmgren Fänge. "Detecting longitudinal changes in activities of daily living (ADL) dependence: Optimizing ADL staircase response choices." British Journal of Occupational Therapy 82, no. 10 (June 12, 2019): 646–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308022619853513.

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Lehfeld, Hartmut, Sandra Schläfke, Robert Hoerr, and Mark Stemmler. "SKT Short Cognitive Performance Test and Activities of Daily Living in Dementia." GeroPsych 27, no. 2 (January 2014): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/1662-9647/a000104.

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Using data from two randomized, placebo-controlled trials involving 806 outpatients, we performed linear regression analyses to evaluate how cognitive abilities in patients with dementia assessed by the SKT (Syndrom-Kurztest – Short Cognitive Performance Test) correlate with activities of daily living rated by means of the Activities of Daily Living International Scale (ADL-IS). There were significant correlations between SKT total score and ADL-IS total mean score at baseline (r = 0.52, p < .001) as well as between change in SKT total score and change in ADL-IS total mean score during the 24-week treatment period (r = 0.48, p < .001). Significant correlations with ADL-IS total mean scores were also found for both memory and attention/concentration subscores of the SKT.

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Vanbellingen, Tim, Beatrice Ottiger, Noortje Maaijwee, Tobias Pflugshaupt, Stephan Bohlhalter, René M. Müri, Tobias Nef, Dario Cazzoli, and Thomas Nyffeler. "Spatial Neglect Predicts Upper Limb Use in the Activities of Daily Living." Cerebrovascular Diseases 44, no. 3-4 (2017): 122–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000477500.

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Background and Purpose: Motor tests performed at stroke onset have been shown to predict the recovery of upper limb motor impairment. Less is known about upper limb recovery at the level of functional activity or of participation and how spatial neglect may influence the integration of the upper limb in the activities of daily living (ADL). Our objective was to investigate whether the initial severity of spatial neglect may predict upper limb use in ADL. Methods: Eighty-two patients with a right-hemispheric stroke (RHS) were prospectively included in the study. They were assessed twice in the acute/subacute and in the subacute/chronic phases (mean time interval of 45 days) after stroke. The Catherine Bergego Scale (CBS) was used to quantify the influence of spatial neglect on the ADL. Contralesional upper limb use in the ADL was evaluated with the Lucerne international classification of function, disability and health-based Multidisciplinary Observation Scale. Hand strength was measured using the Jamar, dexterity with the Nine Hole Peg test, and tactile perception using the stereognosis subtest of the Nottingham Sensory Assessment. Cognitive functions were assessed with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Results: Regression analyses revealed that spatial neglect is an independent and a significant predictor of upper limb outcome. A CBS score of ≤5 at the time of admission to neurorehabilitation care was highly predictive for good upper limb use in the ADL 45 days later. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that spatial neglect severity, as observed in the ADL, is a significant and an independent predictor of upper limb outcome. Neglect therapy is thus needed to further improve contralesional upper limb use in the ADL in RHS patients.

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Samuel SE, Senapathi P, and Shetty S. "Association Between Body Mass Index with Cognitive Function and Activities of Daily Living In Elderly: A Cross-Sectional Study." International Journal of Physiotherapy and Research 9, no. 4 (August 11, 2021): 3979–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijpr.2021.163.

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Background: Higher BMI has been often attributed with decline in cognitive function, mortality, and morbidity in elderly. However, few studies have reported high BMI as protective towards cognition and Activities of Daily Living (ADL). Accurate quantification of the role of BMI in the incidence of cognition and performance is desirable in the face of the increasing prevalence of individuals with overweight and obesity and prolonged life span in the population. This study aimed to investigate the association of BMI with cognition and ADL in community living elderly. Method: A cross sectional study was conducted among community living elderly. BMI and KATZ index scores were recorded from the respondents. Data were analyzed using SPSS version and a p value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 53 respondents enrolled in this study and was predominated by (54.7%) males and (45.30%) females. Karl Pearson correlation coefficient test found a positive correlation (r= 0.33) between BMI and Cognition and was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). Also, it was observed that moderately positive correlation exists between BMI and ADL (r =0.64) and was found to be statistically very highly significant (p<0.001) Conclusion: This study concluded that among elderly, higher BMI values were associated with better performance in daily activities and lower cognitive impairment. KEY WORDS: Elderly, Body mass index, Activities of Daily Living, Cognition.

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Camp, Nicola, Martin Lewis, Kirsty Hunter, Julie Johnston, Massimiliano Zecca, Alessandro Di Nuovo, and Daniele Magistro. "Technology Used to Recognize Activities of Daily Living in Community-Dwelling Older Adults." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 1 (December 28, 2020): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18010163.

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The use of technology has been suggested as a means of allowing continued autonomous living for older adults, while reducing the burden on caregivers and aiding decision-making relating to healthcare. However, more clarity is needed relating to the Activities of Daily Living (ADL) recognised, and the types of technology included within current monitoring approaches. This review aims to identify these differences and highlight the current gaps in these systems. A scoping review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA-ScR, drawing on PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Articles and commercially available systems were selected if they focused on ADL recognition of older adults within their home environment. Thirty-nine ADL recognition systems were identified, nine of which were commercially available. One system incorporated environmental and wearable technology, two used only wearable technology, and 34 used only environmental technologies. Overall, 14 ADL were identified but there was variation in the specific ADL recognised by each system. Although the use of technology to monitor ADL of older adults is becoming more prevalent, there is a large variation in the ADL recognised, how ADL are defined, and the types of technology used within monitoring systems. Key stakeholders, such as older adults and healthcare workers, should be consulted in future work to ensure that future developments are functional and useable.

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Wulandari, Ratna. "Description Of Independence Level Elders to Fulfill ADL(Activity Daily Living." Jurnal Ners dan Kebidanan (Journal of Ners and Midwifery) 1, no. 2 (August 1, 2014): 155–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.26699/jnk.v1i2.art.p155-159.

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The influence of the aging process can a variety of problems both physically, mentally and economically so as to affect the fulfillment of the ADL (Activity Daily Living). The level of ability of the elderly in activity can be measured by the level of independence of elderly in performing 6 basic activities include bathing, dressing, toileting, moving, continence and eating.. Method: The research design was description design. The population was 80 elders in UPT PSLU Blitar, the sample was 44 by purposive sampling technique. Data were collected by interviews guided. Result : The results showed that 86.4% 6 independent activities, 11.4% 5 activities, and 2.3% 4 activities. Elderly that has a high level of independence is has physical and psychological health and sufficient prima. Discussion : By getting a good health the elderly can perform any activity in their everyday lives. It is expected that the results of this study, carers must keep the safety of elders in activities to prevent deterioration in elderly activities which could be due to fall or hurt.

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GALASKO, D., F. SCHMITT, R. THOMAS, S. JIN, D. BENNETT, and S. FERRIS. "Detailed assessment of activities of daily living in moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 11, no. 4 (July 2005): 446–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617705050502.

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Patients with Alzheimer's Disease (AD) who have reached a stage of moderate to severe dementia are capable of completing a restricted range of cognitive tests and performing a limited range of activities of daily living (ADL). As part of an initiative to develop instruments to evaluate AD, we analyzed data describing the performance of a large number of ADL and scores on cognitive and global assessment measures in a cohort of patients with AD with moderate to severe cognitive impairment, defined as a Mini-Mental State Examination score ranging from 0–15 (out of 30). From the large pool of ADL, 19 met criteria of applicability, reliability, good scaling, concordant validity, and sensitivity to detect change in performance over 6–12 months. A total score derived from these 19 ADL ratings, comprising a scale termed the Alzheimer Disease Cooperative Study ADL-sev, correlated strongly with measures of cognition and of global dementia severity. Patients with moderate to severe AD showed a decline on the ADL-sev and cognitive measures over 6 and 12 months, consistent with the progression of AD. Detailed evaluation of ADL may provide a useful index to evaluate patients with moderate to severe AD and may complement cognitive assessment, especially for characterizing change in interventional or therapeutic studies. (JINS, 2005,11, 446–453.)

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Zijlstra, G. A. Rixt, Anne van der Vorst, Linda P. M. Op het Veld, Nico De Witte, Jos M. G. A. Schols, and Gertrudis Kempen. "DEPENDENCY IN ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING: THE ROLE OF MULTIDIMENSIONAL FRAILTY AND PROTECTIVE FACTORS." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S635—S636. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.2367.

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Abstract Most older adults prefer to “age in place” and maintain independent regarding activities of daily living (ADL). Dependency in ADL might be caused by frailty. This study explored the relationship between multidimensional frailty and ADL dependency, and if protective factors, derived from a systematic literature review, moderate this relationship. A longitudinal study with a 24-month follow-up was performed among 1,027 community-dwelling older adults. Multidimensional frailty was assessed with the Tilburg Frailty Indicator, and ADL dependency with the Groningen Activity Restriction Scale. Other measures included socio-demographic characteristics and seven protective factors against ADL dependency, such as physical activity and non-smoking. Logistic regression analyses showed that frail older people had a twofold risk of developing ADL dependency in comparison to non-frail older people after 24 months (OR = 2.12, 95% CI = 1.50-3.00). Analyses with interaction terms indicated that the selected protective factors against ADL dependency did not signiﬁcantly moderate this relationship. Nonetheless, higher levels of physical activity and having suﬃcient ﬁnancial resources decreased the risk of becoming ADL dependent in the overall sample (OR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.46-0.98 and OR = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.35-0.71, respectively). In conclusion, multidimensional frail older people are at higher risk of developing ADL dependency and the studied factors against ADL dependency did not signiﬁcantly moderate this relationship. To develop prevention strategies for ADL dependency and facilitate aging in place, future studies might explore the relationship between each specific frailty domain and ADL dependency, and the role of (other) moderating factors.

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Law, Mary, and Patricia Usher. "Validation of the Klein-Bell Activities of Daily Living Scale for Children." Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy 55, no. 2 (April 1988): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000841748805500204.

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Occupational therapists require reliable and valid activities of daily living assessments to describe patient performance and to aid in treatment evaluation and planning. A recently developed instrument, the Klein-Bell ADL Scale has been shown to have acceptable reliability and validity for use with adults. This paper reports the results of an initial study designed to evaluate the utility of the Klein-Bell ADL Scale for use with children. Developmental ages reported in the literature were used to adapt the scale for use with children ages six months to adulthood. Its reliability, construct validity and responsiveness were tested in a total sample of 10 normal and 10 cerebral palsied children. Results indicate that the scale is reliable, is able to differentiate normal from handicapped children and demonstrates acceptable agreement with parental ratings of change in ADL skills. The Klein-Bell ADL Scale was also found to be an effective communication tool between therapists and parents of disabled children.

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Zhang, Wenjuan, and Marcus W. Feldman. "Disability trajectories in activities of daily living of elderly Chinese before death." China Population and Development Studies 4, no. 2 (September 10, 2020): 127–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42379-020-00063-5.

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Abstract This study aims to analyze the changes in activities of daily living (ADL) of the Chinese elderly before death, and to explore the heterogeneity in this process. Using data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), we quantify disability trajectories of ADL using a group-based trajectory model and find that there are three types of disability trajectory for ADL. The elderly who differ by socioeconomic status, childhood experiences, health behaviors, ages and birth cohorts show significant differences in their disability trajectories. Long duration of disability is found to be more prevalent in older females and people with high socioeconomic status. Good and stable status of ADL is more common among males and people of low socioeconomic status, while the elderly in an early cohort who died at older ages were more likely to have experienced a long duration of disability. Selective and protective effects contribute to the observed differences in trajectories.

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Nakadomari, Satoshi. "Functional Localization in Visual Cortex and Activities of Daily Living." JAPANESE ORTHOPTIC JOURNAL 41 (2012): 7–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4263/jorthoptic.041k001.

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Reed, Catherine, Mark Belger, Bruno Vellas, Jeffrey Scott Andrews, Josep M. Argimon, Giuseppe Bruno, Richard Dodel, Roy W. Jones, Anders Wimo, and Josep Maria Haro. "Identifying factors of activities of daily living important for cost and caregiver outcomes in Alzheimer's disease." International Psychogeriatrics 28, no. 2 (August 26, 2015): 247–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610215001349.

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ABSTRACTBackground:We aimed to obtain a better understanding of how different aspects of patient functioning affect key cost and caregiver outcomes in Alzheimer's disease (AD).Methods:Baseline data from a prospective observational study of community-living AD patients (GERAS) were used. Functioning was assessed using the Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study – Activities of Daily Living Scale. Generalized linear models were conducted to analyze the relationship between scores for total activities of daily living (ADL), basic ADL (BADL), instrumental ADL (IADL), ADL subdomains (confirmed through factor analysis) and individual ADL questions, and total societal costs, patient healthcare and social care costs, total and supervision caregiver time, and caregiver burden.Results:Four distinct ADL subdomains were confirmed: basic activities, domestic/household activities, communication, and outside activities. Higher total societal costs were associated with impairments in all aspects of ADL, including all subdomains; patient costs were associated with total ADL and BADL, and basic activities subdomain scores. Both total and supervision caregiver hours were associated with total ADL and IADL scores, and domestic/household and outside activities subdomain scores (greater hours associated with greater functional impairments). There was no association between caregiver burden and BADL or basic activities subdomain scores. The relationship between total ADL, IADL, and the outside activities subdomain and outcomes differed between patients with mild and moderate-to-severe AD.Conclusions:Identification of ADL subdomains may lead to a better understanding of the association between patient function and costs and caregiver outcomes at different stages of AD, in particular the outside activities subdomain within mild AD.

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Sánchez Silverio, Víctor, Vanesa Abuín Porras, and Isabel Rodríguez Costa. "Dynamic Balance Performance In Relation To the Dependence in Activities of Daily Living: A Cross-Sectional Study in Stroke Patients." Journal of Clinical Research and Reports 4, no. 5 (July 15, 2020): 01–04. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2690-1919/103.

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Aim: to determine if dynamic balance is related to activities of daily living (ADL) dependence in stroke patients. Methods: a cross-sectional study was carried out. The Barthel index (BI) was used to assess ADL dependence. The Timed Up and Go Test (TUG) and the Four Square Step Test (FSST) were used to evaluate dynamic balance. A Spearman correlation was used assuming a data abnormality in the performance of TUG and FSST and considering a significance of p<0.05. Results: 62 stroke patients were evaluated. The BI showed correlations with the performance of the TUG and the FSST. These correlations were also found between performance of both balance tests and ADLs, such as bathing, moving, and going up and down stairs. In contrast to TUG, correlations were estimated between the ADL related to dressing and the performance of the FSST. Conclusion: dynamic balance evaluated by the TUG and the FSST showed correlations with the ADL dependency in stroke patients.

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Wildhan, Rinandha Yusfahreza, Rivan Virlando Suryadinata, and Ida Bagus Made Artadana. "Hubungan Tingkat Activity Daily Living (ADL) dan Kualitas Hidup Lansia di Magetan." Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran Wijaya Kusuma 11, no. 1 (April 12, 2022): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.30742/jikw.v11i1.1578.

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Most chronic diseases begin to appear in the elderly. Physiological decline in the elderly will also have an impact on the daily activities of the elderly. Dependence on other people is needed by most of the elderly in carrying out daily activities. This will directly affect the quality of life for the elderly. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the level of Activity Daily Living (ADL) and quality of life in the elderly group in Magetan. This research method is observational using a sample of 80 elderly people. Data were collected by purposive sampling in accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria in the study. The daily activity assessment process uses the Activity Daily Living (ADL) questionnaire, while the quality of life assessment also uses a questionnaire which is divided into four domains (physical, psychological, social and environmental). The research data obtained will be tested for correlation using the Spearman test. The results of the Spearman test analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between Activity Daily Living (ADL) on the four domains (physical, psychological, social and environmental) on quality of life (p<0.05). In the four domains, there was a relationship (correlation) with ADL, namely the physical domain (r=0.560), psychological domain (r=0.463), social domain (r=0.415), environmental domain (r=0.340). So it can be concluded that there is a relationship between Activity Daily Living (ADL) on the four domains, namely physical, psychological, social and environmental. However, the physical domain has the greatest influence on the daily activities of the elderly.

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Nasser, Ramzi, Jacqueline Doumit, Asma Al-Attiyah, and Hessa Fokhroo. "Effect of Belief in a Just World on Daily Living Activities of Nursing Home Residents." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 41, no. 9 (October 1, 2013): 1445–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2013.41.9.1445.

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Among people who are living in community homes for the aged, a psychological strategy to cope with daily living is belief in a just world. In this study our aim was to determine the relationship between old people's belief in a just world (BJW) and the activities of daily living (ADL). We selected a sample of 253 cognitively able people aged 60 years and over who were living in a nursing home. We collected data through surveys using a translated and validated Arabic Self-Belief in a Just World Scale and an ADL instrument. No main or interaction effects were found for BJW and length of period of residence in the home on ADL. When using age as a covariate no significant difference was found. There was a pattern of an increased level of ADL for a longer period of residence and BJW.

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Nakanishi, Kosuke, Takayoshi Yamaga, and Masanao Ikeya. "Gaps between Activities of Daily Living Performance and Capacity in People with Mild Dementia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 23 (November 30, 2022): 15949. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192315949.

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Persons with mild dementia can effectively maintain and improve their quality of life (QOL) by regularly performing their daily activities. However, research on activities of daily living (ADL) in this population often fails to distinguish between ADL performance and ADL capability, that is, actual independence in daily lives and potential independence in an ideal setting. This study aimed to identify the potential gaps between ADL performance and capability in individuals with mild dementia. A total of 137 community-dwelling older adults (aged ≥ 65 years) who had been diagnosed with dementia and assessed as 0.5 and 1 on a global clinical dementia rating (CDR). Participants were evaluated for basic ADL (BADL) and instrumental ADL (IADL) using the Hyogo Activities of Daily Living Scale (HADLS). Around 35 individuals who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. BADL performance and BADL capacity were not significantly different (p = 0.128); however, participants rated IADL capacity significantly higher than IADL performance (p < 0.01). Gaps between performance and capability were observed for IADL but not for BADL. This study distinguishes between ADL performance and capability in individuals with mild dementia and is the first to identify the IADL-specific gap between these two components; pertinent targeted interventions are vital in closing this gap. Environmental adjustments are important to improve QOL of persons with mild dementia.

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Reis, Cardine Martins dos, Manuela Karloh, Fernanda Rodrigues Fonseca, Roberta Rodolfo Mazzali Biscaro, Giovana Zarpellon Mazo, and Anamaria Fleig Mayer. "Functional capacity measurement: reference equations for the Glittre Activities of Daily Living test." Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia 44, no. 5 (October 2018): 370–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1806-37562017000000118.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To develop reference equations for the Glittre Activities of Daily Living test (Glittre ADL-test) on the basis of anthropometric and demographic variables in apparently healthy individuals. A secondary objective was to determine the reliability of the equations in a sample of COPD patients. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study including 190 apparently healthy individuals (95 males; median age, 54.5 years [range, 42-65]; median FEV1 = 97% [range, 91-105.2]; and median FVC = 96% [range, 88.5-102]) recruited from the general community and 74 COPD patients (55 males; mean age, 65 ± 8 years; body mass index [BMI] = 25.9 ± 4.7 kg/m2; FEV1 = 36.1 ± 14.1%; and FVC = 62.7 ± 16.1%) recruited from a pulmonary rehabilitation center. Results: The mean time to complete the Glittre ADL-test was 2.84 ± 0.45 min. In the stepwise multiple linear regression analysis, age and height were selected as Glittre ADL-test performance predictors, explaining 32.1% (p < 0.01) of the total variance. Equation 1 was as follows: Glittre ADL-testpredicted = 3.049 + (0.015 × ageyears) + (−0.006 × heightcm). Equation 2 included age and BMI and explained 32.3% of the variance in the test, the equation being as follows: Glittre ADL-testpredicted = 1.558 + (0.018 × BMI) + (0.016 × ageyears). Conclusions: The reference equations for the time to complete the Glittre ADL-test were based on age, BMI, and height as independent variables and can be useful for predicting the performance of adult individuals. The predicted values appear to be reliable when applied to COPD patients.

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Park, Yu Jin, Seol Young Jung, Tae Yong Son, and Soon Ju Kang. "Self-Organizing IoT Device-Based Smart Diagnosing Assistance System for Activities of Daily Living." Sensors 21, no. 3 (January 25, 2021): 785. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21030785.

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Activity of daily living (ADL) is a criterion for evaluating the performance ability of daily life by recognizing various activity events occurring in real life. However, most of the data necessary for ADL evaluation are collected only through observation and questionnaire by the patient or the patient’s caregiver. Recently, Internet of Things (IoT) device studies using various environmental sensors are being used for ADL collection and analysis. In this paper, we propose an IoT Device Platform for ADL capability measurement. Wearable devices and stationary devices recognize activity events in real environments and perform user identification through various sensors. The user’s ADL data are sent to the network hub for analysis. The proposed IoT platform devices support many sensor devices such as acceleration, flame, temperature, and humidity in order to recognize various activities in real life. In addition, in this paper, using the implemented platform, ADL measurement test was performed on hospital patients. Through this test, the accuracy and reliability of the platform are analyzed.

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Ikram, Hafiza Ayesha, Wajeeha Abdul Ahad, and Fazila Huma. "Hand's Functional Status of Children with Rheumatoid Arthritis in Everyday Activities: A Cross-Sectional Study." esculapio 17, no. 1 (March 29, 2021): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.51273/esc21.251712.

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Objective: Rheumatoid Arthritis [RA] is a chronic, systemic, autoimmune disease on an unknown aetiology. It leads to the progressive destruction of joints. It also warrants difficulties in performance of Activities of Daily Living(ADL). This study aimed at determine relationship between activities of daily living [ADL] and functional status of the hand. Methods: This Crossectional Study was conducted at Romatology Department Children Hospital and Sheikh Zayed Hospital Lahore from June 2018 to December 2018. Convenient sampling technique helped in the collection of data. A hand function questionnaire and the Barthel Index were the contributary data collection methods. Rheumatoid Arthritis [RA] patients selected were those experiencing functional impairment in hands, having difficulty in performing ADL. Results: The patients who were able to perform the hand function test were independent in their daily life activities. Whereas, those who were not able to perk the test were dependent on their daily life activities. Conclusion: It was found that children with RA had a significant association between performing the ADL and functional status of hand. Key Words: Activities of Daily Living [ADL], Rheumatoid Arthritis [RA] How to cite: Ikram A.H., Ahad A.W., Huma Fazlia. Hand's functional status of children with rheumatoid arthritis in everyday activities: a cross-sectional study Esculapio. 2021.17(01): 9-14

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Van der Linde, Berdien W., Jaap J. van Netten, Bert Otten, Klaas Postema, Reint H. Geuze, and Marina M. Schoemaker. "Activities of Daily Living in Children With Developmental Coordination Disorder: Performance, Learning, and Participation." Physical Therapy 95, no. 11 (November 1, 2015): 1496–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20140211.

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Background Children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) face evident motor difficulties in daily functioning. Little is known, however, about their difficulties in specific activities of daily living (ADL). Objective The purposes of this study were: (1) to investigate differences between children with DCD and their peers with typical development for ADL performance, learning, and participation, and (2) to explore the predictive values of these aspects. Design This was a cross-sectional study. Methods In both a clinical sample of children diagnosed with DCD (n=25 [21 male, 4 female], age range=5–8 years) and a group of peers with typical development (25 matched controls), the children's parents completed the DCDDaily-Q. Differences in scores between the groups were investigated using t tests for performance and participation and Pearson chi-square analysis for learning. Multiple regression analyses were performed to explore the predictive values of performance, learning, and participation. Results Compared with their peers, children with DCD showed poor performance of ADL and less frequent participation in some ADL. Children with DCD demonstrated heterogeneous patterns of performance (poor in 10%–80% of the items) and learning (delayed in 0%–100% of the items). In the DCD group, delays in learning of ADL were a predictor for poor performance of ADL, and poor performance of ADL was a predictor for less frequent participation in ADL compared with the control group. Limitations A limited number of children with DCD were addressed in this study. Conclusions This study highlights the impact of DCD on children's daily lives and the need for tailored intervention.

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Akezaki, Yoshiteru, Eiji Nakata, Masato Kikuuchi, Shinsuke Sugihara, Yoshimi Katayama, Haruyoshi Katayama, Masanori Hamada, and Toshifumi Ozaki. "Association between Overall Survival and Activities of Daily Living in Patients with Spinal Bone Metastases." Healthcare 10, no. 2 (February 11, 2022): 350. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10020350.

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Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association between overall survival (OS) and activities of daily living (ADL) in patients with skeletal-related events. In this study, 265 patients whose clinical parameters were available before radiotherapy were investigated. Methods: Age, sex, ADL, pain, the primary site, spinal level of bone metastases, spinal instability, treatment strategy, including chemotherapy or palliative treatment, and OS were investigated. ADL patients with a Barthel index of ≥90 were classified as the high ADL group, while those with a score < 90 were classified as the low ADL group. For OS, patients surviving ≥160 days were classified as the non-poor prognosis group, and those who survived <160 days were classified as the poor prognosis group. Results: Age, sex, ADL, pain, the primary site, and treatment strategy for OS were different between the two groups (p < 0.1). Logistic regression analysis revealed that ADL, the primary site, and treatment strategy were significant predictors of OS (p < 0.05). High ADL, breast cancer, and chemotherapy had a positive effect on OS. Conclusions: It is suggested that improvements may be obtained by performing rehabilitation interventions to maintain and improve ADL, by constructing a system for monitoring spinal bone metastases with images before ADL decreases, and by performing interventions such as changes in treatment methods such as RT or surgery at appropriate times.

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Demura, Shinichi, and Susumu Sato. "Functional assessment for the elderly by using activities of daily living (ADL)." Taiikugaku kenkyu (Japan Journal of Physical Education, Health and Sport Sciences) 49, no. 6 (2004): 519–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5432/jjpehss.kj00003391028.

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Jonasson, Stina B., Peter Hagell, Gun-Marie Hariz, Susanne Iwarsson, and Maria H. Nilsson. "Psychometric Evaluation of the Parkinson’s Disease Activities of Daily Living Scale." Parkinson's Disease 2017 (2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/4151738.

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Objective. To evaluate a set of psychometric properties (i.e., data completeness, targeting, and external construct validity) of the Parkinson’s disease Activities of Daily Living Scale (PADLS) in people with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Specific attention was paid to the association between PADLS and PD severity, according to the Hoehn & Yahr (H&Y) staging. Methods. The sample included 251 persons with PD (mean age 70 [SD 9] years). Data collection comprised a self-administered postal survey, structured interviews, and clinical assessments at home visits. Results. Data completeness was 99.6% and the mean PADLS score was 2.1. Floor and ceiling effects were 22% and 2%, respectively. PADLS scores were more strongly associated (rs>0.5) with perceived functional independence, ADL dependency, walking difficulties, and self-rated PD severity than with variables such as PD duration and cognitive function (rs<0.5). PADLS scores differed across H&Y stages (Kruskal-Wallis test, p<0.001). Those in H&Y stages IV-V had more ADL disability than those in stage III (Mann–Whitney U test, p<0.001), whereas there were no significant differences between the other stages. Conclusion. PADLS revealed excellent data completeness, acceptable targeting, and external construct validity. It seems to be well suited as a rough estimate of ADL disability in people with PD.

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Lin, Hui-Ting, Fu-Kuei Chang, and Hsin-Jen Tsai. "The Influence of Exercise, Nutritional Status, and Disease on the Functional Ability to Undertake Activities of Daily Living and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living in Old Taiwanese People." Applied Sciences 12, no. 9 (April 30, 2022): 4585. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12094585.

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This study aimed to examine the influence of changes in exercise status, nutritional status, and a number of comorbidities on functional ability in Taiwanese community-dwelling older adults. Data were obtained from the Taiwan Longitudinal Study of Aging. The results revealed that current exercise and consistent exercise were negatively associated with subsequent 4- and 8-year activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental ADL (IADL) decline (all p < 0.05). The Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA) score was negatively associated with subsequent 8-year IADL decline (all p < 0.05), while the number of diseases was positively associated with subsequent 4- and 8-year IADL decline (all p < 0.05). Current exercise and consistent exercises are beneficial for adults aged ≥ 65 years to maintain their functional ability in ADL and IADL and to prevent declines in functional ability. Consistency of exercise, MNA score, and the number of chronic diseases are good predictors of IADL decline.

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Abbott, Robert D., Aya Kadota, Katsuyuki Miura, Takehito Hayakawa, Takashi Kadowaki, Tomonori Okamura, Akira Okayama, Kamal H. Masaki, and Hirotsugu Ueshima. "Impairments in Activities of Daily Living in Older Japanese Men in Hawaii and Japan." Journal of Aging Research 2011 (2011): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/324592.

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Introduction. Hypertension and cigarette smoking are dominant risk factors for cardiovascular disease in Japan while in westernized countries, broader effects encompass obesity, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia. This paper examines whether different associations also appear important in the manifestation of activities of daily living (ADL) in older Japanese men in Hawaii and Japan.Methods. Measures of ADL (feeding, toileting, dressing, bathing, and walking around the house) were assessed from 1995 to 1999 in 1,893 men in Hawaii and 543 men in Japan. Concomitant risk factors were measured from 1990 to 1993.Results. In Hawaii, diabetes increased the odds of ≥1 ADL impairment nearly 1.5-fold (P=.020). A similar association was absent in Japan. In contrast, the odds of an ADL impairment in Japan was increased more than 5-fold in the presence of stroke (P<.001). The association in Hawaii was significantly weaker (P=.007). In both cohorts, past alcohol use was associated with a greater likelihood of ADL impairment.Conclusion. In this comparison of genetically similar samples, findings suggest that different strengths in risk factor associations with cardiovascular disease in Japan and westernized countries may also include different strengths in associations with impaired ADL.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Activities of Daily Living (ADL)'

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