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1
Weiner, C. P., L. P. Thompson, K. Z. Liu, and J. E. Herrig. "Pregnancy reduces serotonin-induced contraction of guinea pig uterine and carotid arteries." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 263, no. 6 (December 1, 1992): H1764—H1769. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1992.263.6.h1764.
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Because platelet activation and serotonin have been implicated in preeclamptic hypertension, we investigated the effect of pregnancy on the contractile response to this agent. Prior studies have shown that the vascular contractions to norepinephrine, angiotensin II, and thromboxane are reduced during normal pregnancy by the altered release of endothelium-derived vasoactive substances. We hypothesized that the contraction to serotonin would also be reduced during pregnancy by an endothelium-dependent mechanism. Isolated ring segments from uterine and carotid arteries of near-term pregnant and nonpregnant guinea pigs were studied after stimulating a small amount of active tone with prostaglandin F2 alpha. Serotonin (10(-8) to 10(-5) M) contractile responses of both arteries were reduced by pregnancy. Regardless of pregnancy status, the contractile responses of the uterine artery to serotonin were severalfold greater than that of the carotid artery whose maximum averaged only 10% of the 120 mM KCl contraction. Denudation of uterine artery abolished acetylcholine-stimulated relaxation in vessels from pregnant and nonpregnant animals. However, serotonin-induced contractions were enhanced by denudation only in ring segments obtained from pregnant animals. Nitric oxide synthase inhibition by either NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) or N omega-nitro-L-arginine and cyclooxygenase inhibition by indomethacin had no effect on serotonin-induced contraction of intact uterine artery regardless of pregnancy. L-NMMA modestly enhanced the intact carotid arterial response to 10(-5) M serotonin independent of pregnancy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Chiang, Yi-Fen, Hui-Chih Hung, Hsin-Yuan Chen, Ko-Chieh Huang, Po-Han Lin, Jen-Yun Chang, Tsui-Chin Huang, and Shih-Min Hsia. "The Inhibitory Effect of Extra Virgin Olive Oil and Its Active Compound Oleocanthal on Prostaglandin-Induced Uterine Hypercontraction and Pain—Ex Vivo and In Vivo Study." Nutrients 12, no. 10 (September 30, 2020): 3012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12103012.
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Primary dysmenorrhea is a common occurrence in adolescent women and is a type of chronic inflammation. Dysmenorrhea is due to an increase in oxidative stress, which increases cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression, increases the concentration of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α), and increases the calcium concentration in uterine smooth muscle, causing excessive uterine contractions and pain. The polyphenolic compound oleocanthal (OC) in extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) has been shown to have an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effect. This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of extra virgin olive oil and its active ingredient oleocanthal (OC) on prostaglandin-induced uterine hyper-contraction, its antioxidant ability, and related mechanisms. We used force-displacement transducers to calculate uterine contraction in an ex vivo study. To analyze the analgesic effect, in an in vivo study, we used an acetic acid/oxytocin-induced mice writhing model and determined uterus contraction-related signaling protein expression. The active compound OC inhibited calcium/PGF2α-induced uterine hyper-contraction. In the acetic acid and oxytocin-induced mice writhing model, the intervention of the EVOO acetonitrile layer extraction inhibited pain by inhibiting oxidative stress and the phosphorylation of the protein kinase C (PKC)/extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK)/ myosin light chain (MLC) signaling pathway. These findings supported the idea that EVOO and its active ingredient, OC, can effectively decrease oxidative stress and PGF2α-induced uterine hyper-contraction, representing a further treatment for dysmenorrhea.
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Rita Aninora, Novia, Joserizal Seridji, and Meilinda Agus. "Correlation of Calcium Levels With The Strenght of Uterus Contraction on The Active Phase of First Stage Labor." Journal of Midwifery 3, no. 2 (October 25, 2018): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jom.3.2.76-83.2018.
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Contributing factor to uterus contraction mechanism is the imbalance of the extracellular calcium level. When extracellular calcium level is inadequate, response of the myometrium to oxytocin decreased and the calcium influx inter-cell membranes are suppressed, thus inhibit uterine contractions. The aim of this research is to know the correlation between levels of calcium and the strength of uterine contraction in the active phase of first stage labor. This was a cross-sectional analytic correlative study in the Dr. Rasidin Hospital Padang and UPTD Health Laboratory in West Sumatra province, in was conducted from November 1st, 2014 till February 2016. Sampling was takes by using non probability sampling with consecutive sampling. Subjects of this research were the active phase of first stage labor of 62 people. Kolmogorof Smirnov normality test was used to the normality of the data. Pearson correlation test was conducted to examine the correlation between dependent and independent variables. Mean levels of calcium in the the stage I of labor respondents active phase (8.94 ±0,71), while mean strength of uterine contractions in active phase of first stage labor(56.77±11,84), there was positive correlation (r = 0,62) between the levels of calcium in the strength of uterine contractions (p < 0.05). The conclusion of the study there was a significant correlation between the levels of calcium in the strength of uterine contractions.
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Ducros, Laurent, Philippe Bonnin, Bernard P. Cholley, Eric Vicaut, Moncef Benayed, Denis Jacob, and Didier Payen. "Increasing Maternal Blood Pressure with Ephedrine Increases Uterine Artery Blood Flow Velocity during Uterine Contraction." Anesthesiology 96, no. 3 (March 1, 2002): 612–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200203000-00017.
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Background During labor, ephedrine is widely used to prevent or to treat maternal arterial hypotension and restore uterine perfusion pressure to avoid intrapartum fetal asphyxia. However, the effects of ephedrine on uterine blood flow have not been studied during uterine contractions. The purpose of the study was to assess the effects of ephedrine on uterine artery velocities and resistance index using the Doppler technique during the active phase of labor. Methods Ten normotensive, healthy parturients with uncomplicated pregnancies at term received intravenous ephedrine during labor to increase mean arterial pressure up to a maximum of 20% above their baseline pressure. Peak systolic and end-diastolic Doppler flow velocities and resistance indices were measured in the uterine artery before and immediately after administration of bolus intravenous ephedrine and after ephedrine washout. Umbilical and fetal middle cerebral arterial resistance indices and fetal heart rate were also calculated. Results After ephedrine administration, mean arterial pressure increased by 17 +/- 4%. End-diastolic flow velocity in the uterine artery at peak amplitude of uterine contraction was restored to 74% of the value observed in the absence of contraction. The systolic velocity was totally restored, and the uterine resistance index was significantly decreased, compared with the values in the absence of contraction. Between uterine contractions, ephedrine induced similar but less marked effects. Fetal hemodynamic parameters were not altered by ephedrine administration. Conclusions Bolus administration of intravenous ephedrine reversed the dramatic decrease in diastolic uteroplacental blood flow velocity and the increase in resistance index during uterine contraction, without altering fetal hemodynamic parameters. This suggests that the increase in uterine perfusion pressure during labor could in part restore uterine blood flow to the placenta during uterine contraction.
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Kuzminykh, Tatyana U., Vera Yu Borisova, Igor P. Nikolayenkov, Georgy R. Kozonov, and Gulrukhsor Kh Tolibova. "Role of biologically active molecules in uterine contractile activity." Journal of obstetrics and women's diseases 68, no. 1 (March 20, 2019): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/jowd68121-27.
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Hypothesis/aims of study. Myometrial relaxation and contraction require synchronous cellular interactions. At present, it has been established that the coordination of myometrial contractile activity is carried out by a conduction system constructed from gap junctions with intercellular channels. There are no clinical data on inhibiting (nitric oxide synthase) and activating (connexin-43) factors of uterine contractile activity in the myometrium during pregnancy and parturition in the published literature. This study was undertaken to measure the expression levels of nitric oxide synthase, adhesion molecules CD51, CD61, and connexin-43 in the myometrium during pregnancy and parturition; and to assess the role of inhibitory and activating factors in the development of uterine contractile activity.
Study design, materials and methods. An immunohistochemical study of myometrial biopsy specimens obtained from the lower uterus segment during cesarean section was performed in eight women with a full-term physiological pregnancy, in another eight individuals in the active phase of uncomplicated parturition, and in eight patients with uterine inertia. Integrins (CD51 and CD61 proteins) were used as markers of cell adhesion. Localization and the number of intercellular contacts were assessed by measuring the expression level of connexin-43, with the intensity of oxidative processes assessed by nitric oxide synthase activity.
Results. In the myometrium, in the active phase of physiological parturition, a three-fold increase in the expression of activating (CD51, CD61, and connexin-43) factors of uterine contractile activity and a five-fold decrease in that of inhibitory (nitric oxide synthase) ones occur compared to those in full-term physiological pregnancy.
Conclusion. In the pathogenesis of uterine inertia and resistance to labor induction, an important role is played by the decreased expression of adhesion molecules (CD51, CD61) and connexin-43 and the increased expression of nitric oxide synthase in the myometrium.
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Kim, Dong Joon, Young Joon Ki, Bo Hyun Jang, Seongcheol Kim, Sang Hun Kim, and Ki Tae Jung. "Clinically relevant concentrations of dexmedetomidine may reduce oxytocin-induced myometrium contractions in pregnant rats." Anesthesia and Pain Medicine 15, no. 4 (October 30, 2020): 451–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17085/apm.20036.
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Background: Recently, there have been some trials to use dexmedetomidine in the obstetric field but concerns regarding the drug include changes in uterine contractions after labor. We aimed to evaluate the effects of dexmedetomidine on the myometrial contractions of pregnant rats.Methods: In a pilot study, the contraction of the myometrial strips of pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats in an organ bath with oxytocin at 1 mU/ml was assessed by adding dexmedetomidine from 10-6 to 10-2 M accumulatively every 20 min, and active tension and the number of contractions were evaluated. Then, changes in myometrial contractions were evaluated from high doses of dexmedetomidine (1.0 × 10−4 to 1.2 × 10−3 M). The effective concentrations (EC) for changes in uterine contractions were calculated using a probit model.Results: Active tension and the number of contractions were significantly decreased at 10-3 M and 10-4 M dexmedetomidine, respectively (P < 0.05). A complete loss of contractions was seen at 10-2 M. Dexmedetomidine (1.0 × 10−4 to 1.2 × 10−3 M) decreased active tension and the number of contractions in a concentration-dependent manner. The EC95 of dexmedetomidine for inhibiting active tension and the number of contractions was 5.16 × 10-2 M and 2.55 × 10-5 M, respectively.Conclusions: Active tension of the myometrium showed a significant decrease at concentrations of dexmedetomidine higher than 10-3 M. Thus, clinical concentrations of dexmedetomidine may inhibit uterine contractions. Further research is needed for the safe use of dexmedetomidine in the obstetrics field.
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Shin, Young K., Young D. Kim, and Joseph V. Collea. "The Effect of Propofol on Isolated Human Pregnant Uterine Muscle." Anesthesiology 89, no. 1 (July 1, 1998): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199807000-00017.
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Background Propofol is an alternative to thiopental as an intravenous induction agent for cesarean section. Because it has relaxant effects on vascular and other smooth muscles, the authors set out to determine whether propofol has any effect on pregnant human uterine smooth muscle in an isolated preparation. Methods Myometrial specimens were excised from 10 parturients undergoing elective cesarean section. The muscle strips were suspended in tissue baths and isometric tension was recorded. After establishment of rhythmic contractions in the buffer solution as a control, propofol (0.5 to 10 microg/ml) in fat emulsion was applied cumulatively to the bath. The effect of the fat emulsion at equivalent concentrations was also examined. Results Propofol concentrations of 2.7 x 10(-6) M (0.5 microg/ml) and 1.1 x 10(-5) M (2 microg/ml) had no significant effect on the active tension developed by muscle contraction. However, propofol at concentration of 5.5 x 10(-5) M (10 microg/ml) reduced the active tension by 45% (P < 0.02) compared with the control value. The fat emulsion had no effects on the active tension. Conclusions These results imply that the decline in the active tension of muscle contraction was most likely caused by propofol and not by the fat emulsion. However, the propofol concentrations needed to produce a significant reduction in the uterine muscle tension appear to be much greater than the free propofol concentrations reported by others during cesarean section.
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Setiawati, Intan, Santi Sofiyanti, and Diyan Indrayani. "INTRAPARTUM NIPPLE STIMULATION TO INCREASE CONTRACTION IN PRIMIPARITY: EVIDENCE BASED CASE REPORT." INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERPROFESSIONAL HEALTH COLLABORATION AND COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT 5, no. 2 (June 6, 2024): 251–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.34011/icihcce.v5i2.292.
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Introduction Normal labor process duration varies between 4 to 24 hours since the occurrence of uterine contractions which cause changes in the cervix. Adequate contractions are needed to induce labor to proceed normally. The active phase of the first stage of labor is considered more tiring and painful because uterine activity increases. In this phase, there is often an increase in adrenaline production which has the potential to inhibit contractions and delay the labor process. Nipple stimulation is one method that can be used to increase uterine contractions. This technique can stimulate the formation of natural oxytocin in the mother and channel it to the uterus, thus it increases uterine contractions. Objectives: This study aimed to find analyzed the effect of nipple stimulation on the labor progress and implement the best application of nipple stimulation Method: This EBCR using the Google Scholar database and PubMed. The articles were limited to original article and published from 2017-2022. According to the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria we have found 2 articles met the criteria. The articles were obtained and critically reviewed using 3 aspects, namely the validity, the importancy, and applicability. Result: in this study the duration of first stage of labor were considered faster after the application of nipple stimulation long first stage in cases. The first stage was 2 hours faster than the average duration of the first stage , which is 1 hour per 1 cm. Conclusion: Nipple stimulation is one od the non pharmacological intervention that can be used an an option to increase the contraction during labor.
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Mazoni, Simone Roque, Emilia Campos de Carvalho, and Cláudia Benedita dos Santos. "Clinical validation of the nursing diagnosis labor pain." Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem 21, spe (February 2013): 88–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-11692013000700012.
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OBJECTIVE: The study intends to identify the presence of clinical indicators of pain during labor and to correlate the verbal reference of pain intensity with uterine contractions as a proposal to validate the clinical nursing diagnosis Labor Pain. METHOD: Observational study of the 22 clinical indicators that represented the defining characteristics for the diagnosis. RESULTS: There were 55 participants in labor (18 in the initial active stage, 6 in the final active stage and 31 in both stages), over 18 years old, in their first pregnancy, with effective contractions and cervical dilation of 4cm or more. Among the 22 defining characteristics tested, 6 were present in most participants during the two stages: verbal or codified report, noted evidence of uterine contraction, altered muscle tension, noted evidence of pain, expressive behavior and facial expression of pain. There were differences between the stages in relation to perspiration, facial expression of pain, protective gestures, anodyne position, distractive behavior, self-focus and perineum pressure feeling. CONCLUSIONS: A positive linear correlation was noted between pain intensity scores and the extent of intra-uterine pressure in the initial stage. Labor pain was proven to be compatible with a nursing diagnosis.
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Dabiré, Prosper A., Youssoufou Ouédraogo, Abel A. Somé, Stanislas Sawadogo, Issaka Ouédraogo, Edith M. Ilboudo, and Raymond G. Belemtougri. "Relaxant Effects of the Aqueous Extract of Excoecaria grahamii (Euphorbiaceae) Leaves on Uterine Horn Contractility in Wistar Rats." BioMed Research International 2021 (April 9, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6618565.
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In uterine smooth muscle, the effects of Excoecaria grahamii are not yet documented. To fill this gap, we investigated the pharmacological effect of Excoecaria grahamii on the contraction of the rat isolated uterine horns. The isolated segments were exposed to different concentrations of the aqueous extract of Excoecaria grahamii leaves and pharmacological drugs. The results showed that Excoecaria grahamii aqueous extract decreased the amplitude and frequency by concentration-related manner. I C 50 values were 2.4 and 2.6, respectively, for amplitude and frequency. Our study revealed that the extract did not act through histamine H2-receptors or the nitric oxide pathway. It also inhibited uterine contractions induced by oxytocin and potassium chloride (KCl). These data suggest that Excoecaria grahamii active compound can be used for calming uterine contractions. The action of Excoecaria grahamii showed that it can be useful to fight against diseases which caused uterotonic effects. It can be useful to prevent preterm birth and pains caused by menstruations but further investigation is needed to clarify the mechanism action.
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Huang, Yun-Ju, Yu-Chieh Chen, Hsin-Yuan Chen, Yi-Fen Chiang, Mohamed Ali, Wenchang Chiang, Cheng-Pei Chung, and Shih-Min Hsia. "Ethanolic Extracts of Adlay Testa and Hull and Their Active Biomolecules Exert Relaxing Effect on Uterine Muscle Contraction through Blocking Extracellular Calcium Influx in Ex Vivo and In Vivo Studies." Biomolecules 11, no. 6 (June 15, 2021): 887. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11060887.
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Dysmenorrhea is one of the most prevalent disorders in gynecology. Historically, adlay (Coix lachryma-jobi L. var. Ma-yuen Stapf.) has been explored for its anti-tumor, pain relief, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of adlay seeds on the inhibition of uterine contraction and thus dysmenorrhea relief, in vitro and in vivo. HPLC-MS and GC were used to elucidate the ethyl acetate fraction of adlay testa ethanolic extract (ATE-EA) and ethyl acetate fraction of adlay hull ethanolic extract (AHE-EA). Elucidation yielded flavonoids, phytosterols, and fatty acids. Uterine leiomyomas and normal adjacent myometrial tissue were evaluated by oxytocin- and PG-induced uterine contractility. ATE-EA and AHE-EA suppressed uterine contraction induced by prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2α), oxytocin, carbachol, and high-KCl solution ex vivo. In addition, the external calcium (Ca2+) influx induced contraction, and increased Ca2+ concentration was inhibited by ATE-EA and AHE-EA on the uterine smooth muscle of rats. Furthermore, ATE-EA and AHE-EA effectively attenuated the contraction of normal human myometrium tissues more than adjacent uterine leiomyoma in response to PGF2α. 3,5,6,7,8,3′,4′-Heptamethoxyflavone and chrysoeriol produced a remarkable inhibition with values of IC50 = 24.91 and 25.59 µM, respectively. The experimental results showed that treatment with ATE-EA at 30 mg/day effectively decreased the writhing frequency both on the oxytocin-induced writhing test and acetic acid writhing test of the ICR mouse.
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Su, Shulan, Yongqing Hua, Jin-Ao Duan, Wei Zhou, Erxin Shang, and Yuping Tang. "Inhibitory Effects of Active Fraction and Its Main Components of Shaofu Zhuyu Decoction on Uterus Contraction." American Journal of Chinese Medicine 38, no. 04 (January 2010): 777–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0192415x10008238.
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Shaofu Zhuyu decoction is a famous formula for treating primary dysmenorrhea in China since the Qing dynasty. In this paper, the inhibitory effects of active-guided fraction and its main bioactive components of Shaofu Zhuyu decoction on a model of non-pregnant mice uterine contraction induced by oxytocin in vitro were investigated. Qualitative and quantitative chemical analyses were used to correlate the chemical composition of active fraction with the spasmolytic effects. Seven ingredients in the active fraction were identified and quantified by HPLC-DAD. Three ingredients, ferulic acid, vanillic acid, and typhaneoside, were evaluated for their effects on mice isolated uterine contraction induced by oxytocin in vitro. The ED50 of them were 63.0 μg/ml, 57.6 μg/ml, 109.7 μg/ml, respectively. Furthermore, the inhibitory activity of the combination of these three compounds was prior to the fraction and seven compounds group. The ED50 was 65.5 μg/ml. The data stated that ferulic acid, vanillic acid, and typhaneoside were possibly the main active components in the bioactive fraction of Shaofu Zhuyu decoction. The study also implied that Shaofu Zhuyu decoction may have direct inhibitory effects on the contractility of the mice uterus and justified the traditional use of the prescription for treating the uterine cramping associated dysmenorrhea.
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de Sotomayor, M. Alvarez, M. D. Herrera, C. Perez-Guerrero, and E. Marhuenda. "Uterine Relaxant Effect of Zolpidem: A Comparison with Other Smooth Muscle Relaxants." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 52, no. 9-10 (October 1, 1997): 687–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1997-9-1018.
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Zolpidem is an imidazopyridine sedative-hypnotic which interacts with central benzodiazepine- receptors. To examine its effects on uterine smooth muscle we have compared with those obtained by diltiazem, papaverine and diazepam on different experimental models. The IC50 values obtained indicate similar behaviour of zolpidem and diazepam. They showed more active against the spontaneous contractions and those induced by KCl (60 mᴍ) or by CaCl2 (0.01-10 mᴍ) in Ca2+-free depolarizing medium than against acetylcholine (0.1 mᴍ)-induced contractions. Both of them also showed more effectiveness against the tonic component of the acetylcholine-evoked contraction than against the phasic one. All the drugs tested were less powerful against contractions induced by oxytocin than against those induced by other agonists. This observation let us speculate that the mechanism of action of zolpidem may be related to an action on Ca2+ influx through voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels due to an interaction with low affinity receptor located at the plasmalemma as has been suggested for diazepam
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Mudrov, Viktor A. "Abnormal labor as a medical and social issue." Journal of obstetrics and women's diseases 70, no. 5 (November 2, 2021): 117–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/jowd78295.
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Abnormal labor is a main cause of obstetric and perinatal complications. Impaired uterine contraction during childbirth is accompanied by an increase in the risk of fetal asphyxia, obstetric bleeding and postpartum inflammatory diseases. The frequency of diagnosed abnormal uterine contractile activity is 10-25%, which, along with the high need for operative delivery, allows for considering abnormal labor as one of the main medical and social issues of the present time. The aim of this study was to consider abnormal labor as a medical and social problem. This was achieved by using an analytical method including carrying out a detailed systematic analysis of modern domestic and foreign literature on abnormal labor. The study used databases such as eLIBRARY.RU, Scopus, PubMed, MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane Library from the creation until July 2021. Abnormal labor is an important medical and social issue that requires the active development of methods to predict and prevent not only violations of uterine contractility, but also their complications.
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Sun, Shanshan, Zhen Ye, and Wenjun Wang. "Practical Effect of Cervical Softening Decoction Combined with Delivery Ball Approach in Promoting Vaginal Delivery in Primiparous Women." Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy 17, no. 6 (December 1, 2023): 774–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jbmb.2023.2326.
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In Traditional Chinese Medicine, Cervical Softening Decoction is derived from a modified “Wan Bing Hui Chun” formulation and consists of natural herbal ingredients such as Angelica sinensis, Ligusticum chuanxiong, Leonurus heterophyllus, and Cortex Daphnes. The decoction regulates Qi, promotes blood circulation, and facilitates fetus descent. Genkwanin is an active compound in L. heterophyllus and previous studies identified this compound in ethanolic extracts from rat uterine smooth muscle cell membrane fractions. To further understand the pharmacological activities of Cervical Softening Decoction, we examined genkwanin effects on isolated rat uterine contractions and protein expression in rat tissue with postpartum hemorrhage complicated by multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). We also explored the practical effects of Cervical Softening Decoction combined with a birthing ball approach on promoting natural delivery in primiparous women. First, an isolated rat uterine smooth muscle contraction model was generated and three groups established: oxytocin group (0.002 U/mL), conventional genkwanin dose group (3 μg/mL), and high genkwanin dose group (6.0 μg/mL). Changes in uterine smooth muscle contraction and relaxation amplitudes were recorded before and after administration. Second, 50 rats were used to establish the following groups: (1) control group, (2) postpartum hemorrhage with MODS model group (MODS group), and (3) a postpartum hemorrhage with MODS treated with genkwanin group (genkwanin group). Western blotting was used to detect and compare tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-6 protein expression levels in lung tissue from groups. Finally, 84 primiparous women admitted to our hospital between January 2020 and December 2021 were selected and divided into two groups based on their obstetric interventions. The control group (n = 42) received routine obstetric intervention, while the observation group (n = 42) received Cervical Softening Decoction and delivery ball interventions. Delivery conditions were compared across groups. In basic studies, genkwanin doses significantly increased contraction and relaxation values in isolated rat uterine smooth muscle (P <0.05). Moreover, the genkwanin contractile effects at conventional and high doses were comparable with oxytocin. TNF-α and IL-6 protein expression in MODS group lung tissue was significantly higher when compared with the control group, while expression in the genkwanin group was significantly reduced when compared with the MODS group (P <0.05). In clinical studies, the observation group showed significantly higher natural delivery rates and Labor Agentry Scale (LAS) scores when compared with the control group. In contrast, cesarean section rates, first and second stage labor duration, total labor duration, and Facial Pain Scale (FPS) scores were significantly lower in the observation group when compared with the control group (P <0.05). In basic studies, genkwanin elicited significant contraction effects on isolated rat uterine smooth muscle and effectively inhibited inflammatory responses in rats with postpartum hemorrhage complicated by MODS. In clinical studies, combined Cervical Softening Decoction and delivery ball generated promising practical effects in promoting vaginal delivery in primiparous women. The intervention significantly increased the probability of a natural delivery, shortened labor duration, relieved maternal pain, and enhanced maternal control during delivery.
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Yu, Y., B. Q. Lin, L. Yu, Y. Q. Hua, J. A. Duan, and S. P. Li. "Inhibitory Effects of Two Ferulates from Angelica Sinensis on Platelet Aggregation and Oxytocin-induced Uterine Contraction." Open Bioactive Compounds Journal 2, no. 1 (December 23, 2009): 43–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874847300902010043.
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Ferulic acid (FA) is widely considered as a biologically active component in Angelica sinensis, and used as one of the marker compounds for the quality control of Angelica sinensis. However, in A. sinensis, FA mainly exists as its ester, coniferyl ferulate (CF). CF is unstable and readily hydrolyzed into FA during conventional extraction. Herein, their antiplatelet aggregation activities and relaxant effects on oxytocin-induced mouse uterine muscle contraction were investigated and compared. The results showed that FA inhibited arachidonic acid (AA), adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and thrombin (THR)-induced platelet aggregation with IC50 values of 974.8 ± 97.5, 737.9 ± 40.2 and 244.6 ± 25.6 μg/ml, respectively. The potency of CF is much higher than that of FA, and the IC50 values for AA, ADP and THR were 7.1 ± 0.3, 276.4 ± 53.4 and 77.5 ± 23.1 μg/ml, respectively. IC50 of FA was 23.8 ± 6.2 μg/ml for oxytocin-induced uterine contraction in vitro. CF could only be tested at low concentration and its IC50 could not be calculated thereafter because of its strong hydrophobic property. So CF has more potent antiplatelet aggregation activity, while FA has stronger inhibitory effect on oxytocin-induced uterine contraction in vitro
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Khalil, Raouf A., and Joey P. Granger. "Vascular mechanisms of increased arterial pressure in preeclampsia: lessons from animal models." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 283, no. 1 (July 1, 2002): R29—R45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00762.2001.
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Normal pregnancy is associated with reductions in total vascular resistance and arterial pressure possibly due to enhanced endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation and decreased vascular reactivity to vasoconstrictor agonists. These beneficial hemodynamic and vascular changes do not occur in women who develop preeclampsia; instead, severe increases in vascular resistance and arterial pressure are observed. Although preeclampsia represents a major cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality, the vascular and cellular mechanisms underlying this disorder have not been clearly identified. Studies in hypertensive pregnant women and experimental animal models suggested that reduction in uteroplacental perfusion pressure and the ensuing placental ischemia/hypoxia during late pregnancy may trigger the release of placental factors that initiate a cascade of cellular and molecular events leading to endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cell dysfunction and thereby increased vascular resistance and arterial pressure. The reduction in uterine perfusion pressure and the ensuing placental ischemia are possibly caused by inadequate cytotrophoblast invasion of the uterine spiral arteries. Placental ischemia may promote the release of a variety of biologically active factors, including cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α and reactive oxygen species. Threshold increases in the plasma levels of placental factors may lead to endothelial cell dysfunction, alterations in the release of vasodilator substances such as nitric oxide (NO), prostacyclin (PGI2), and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor, and thereby reductions of the NO-cGMP, PGI2-cAMP, and hyperpolarizing factor vascular relaxation pathways. The placental factors may also increase the release of or the vascular reactivity to endothelium-derived contracting factors such as endothelin, thromboxane, and ANG II. These contracting factors could increase intracellular Ca2+concentrations ([Ca2+]i) and stimulate Ca2+-dependent contraction pathways in vascular smooth muscle. The contracting factors could also increase the activity of vascular protein kinases such as protein kinase C, leading to increased myofilament force sensitivity to [Ca2+]i and enhancement of smooth muscle contraction. The decreased endothelium-dependent mechanisms of vascular relaxation and the enhanced mechanisms of vascular smooth muscle contraction represent plausible causes of the increased vascular resistance and arterial pressure associated with preeclampsia.
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Alanazi, Hamad Huran F., Ali Mohammed S. Alqarni, Abdullah Abdulqader H. Alamri, Abdulaziz Saad Alghamd, Abdullah Mohammed Alanazi, Ahmed Abdulaziz Ali Al-Bahouq, Salem Faraj M. Alqahtani, Mana Muhammad Abdullah Al-Qahtani, and Salman Ghazi Al-Faridi. "Postpartum hemorrhage management and nursing care interventions: An updated review." International journal of health sciences 5, S1 (January 15, 2021): 1456–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v5ns1.15385.
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Background: Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is a leading cause of maternal mortality globally, contributing to approximately 27.1% of maternal deaths. The primary cause of PPH is uterine atony, characterized by the failure of the uterus to contract after childbirth. Despite active management strategies like exogenous oxytocin administration, PPH rates have not significantly decreased, and there is growing evidence suggesting adverse effects from medical interventions such as oxytocin. Alternative methods like skin-to-skin contact (SSC) and early breastfeeding have emerged as promising preventive measures. Aim: The aim of this review is to examine the role of SSC and early breastfeeding in preventing PPH, focusing on their effects on the duration of the third stage of labor, postpartum blood loss, and the underlying physiological mechanisms. Methods: This updated review synthesizes evidence from numerous studies on PPH prevention, with a particular emphasis on physiological management strategies. We explore the impact of SSC and early breastfeeding on uterine contraction and oxytocin production, as well as their role in mitigating blood loss during the third stage of labor. Results: Evidence suggests that SSC and early breastfeeding stimulate endogenous oxytocin production, facilitating uterine contraction and potentially reducing PPH.
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Prastyoningsih, Aris, Siti Wahyuni, Christin Bumi Pangesti, and Dwi Margareta Andini. "Pengaruh Pemberian Akupresur terhadap Nyeri Persalinan Fase Aktif." Oksitosin : Jurnal Ilmiah Kebidanan 11, no. 1 (February 1, 2024): 73–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.35316/oksitosin.v11i1.4573.
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Contraction pain is main problem for patients in the 1st stage of labor in active phase. Labor pain in first stage of the active phase can be treated with acupressure at points L14 and SP6. The L14 and SP6 acupressure points can stimulate release of hormone oxytocin from pituitary, which will stimulate uterine contractions, thereby helping the labor process to be better and reducing pain during labor. The aim of this study was to determine how acupressure impacts labor pain during active phase of the first stage. Design of this research is one group pre-post test. This study involved 30 women giving birth normally, in 1st stage of the active phase, who had no abnormalities or injuries at L14 and SP6 locations. Ttool used is Wong Baker Pain Scale. The results showed that maternal patients in 1st active phase had an average pain scale of 8.03 before being given acupressure, and pain scale dropped to 3.26 after being given acupressure. There was a significant difference between the groups before and after acupressure with a p value of 0.000. There is an effect of giving acupressure on the intensity of pain in mothers giving birth during the first active phase
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White, B. G., S. J. Williams, K. Highmore, and D. J. MacPhee. "Small heat shock protein 27 (Hsp27) expression is highly induced in rat myometrium during late pregnancy and labour." Reproduction 129, no. 1 (January 2005): 115–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep.1.00426.
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The underlying mechanisms that regulate uterine contractions during labour are still poorly understood. A candidate regulatory protein is heat shock protein 27 (Hsp27). It belongs to the small heat shock protein family and can regulate actin cytoskeleton dynamics, act as a chaperone, and may regulate contractile protein activation. As a result, we hypothesized that Hsp27 expression would be highly induced during late pregnancy and labour. Hsp27 mRNA expression was significantly elevated (P< 0.05) on days 17 to 22 of gestation. In addition, immunoblot analysis demonstrated that detection of total Hsp27 increased (P< 0.05) between day 21 and 1 day post-partum (PP) inclusive. Since phosphorylation of Hsp27 has been reported to be a prerequisite for smooth muscle contraction, we examined the temporal and spatial expression of Ser-15 phosphorylated Hsp27. Immunoblot analysis showed that the detection of Ser-15 phosphorylated Hsp27 significantly increased (P< 0.05) between days 19 and 23 (active labour) inclusive, in parallel with detection of total Hsp27. Immunocytochemical analysis of Ser-15 phosphorylated Hsp27 expressionin situdemonstrated that phosphorylated Hsp27 in circular muscle became detectable in peri-nuclear and membrane regions on days 19 to 22, but was primarily restricted to the cytoplasm on days 23 to PP. In contrast, phosphorylated Hsp27 in longitudinal muscle was primarily detected in myocyte membranes on days 15 to 22, and then also became detectable in the cytoplasm of myocytes on days 23 and PP. Our results demonstrate that Hsp27 expression is highly upregulated during late pregnancy and labour and suggest that Hsp27 is a potential candidate contraction-associated protein.
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Engstrom, T., P. Bratholm, H. Vilhardt, and NJ Christensen. "Beta2-adrenoceptor desensitization in non-pregnant estrogen-primed rat myometrium involves modulation of oxytocin receptor gene expression." Journal of Molecular Endocrinology 20, no. 2 (April 1, 1998): 261–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/jme.0.0200261.
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The nona-peptide oxytocin (OT) induces contraction of the myometrium by interaction with specific plasma membrane associated OT receptors (OTR), whereas stimulation of beta2-adrenoceptors (beta2AR) causes relaxation. Homologous desensitization of the myometrium to both hormones has been described. However, a possible interaction between the two systems has not been investigated. In the present study, long-term in vivo treatment of non-pregnant estrogen-primed rats with isoproterenol decreased maximal relaxation of isolated uterine strips challenged with isoproterenol. Increased EC50 values of similarly treated animals suggest that the coupling between receptor occupancy and contractile response was impaired. Since beta2AR mRNA levels were left unchanged, we conclude that the homologous desensitization to beta2 stimulation is not due to changes in beta2AR gene expression. OT infusion did not alter beta2AR mRNA levels or isoproterenol-induced relaxation of isolated uterine strips. Treatment with OT had no effect on the amount of myometrial OTR mRNA. We have previously found that OT down-regulates OTR in the non-pregnant rat myometrium, but this therefore does not appear to take place at the level of mRNA production. Isoproterenol treatment resulted in a three-fold increase in OTR mRNA. This was accompanied by a 91% rise in OTR binding and an augmented contractile response of isolated uterine strips to OT, suggesting that the increased production of mRNA reflects formation of active receptors. Neither OTR affinity nor EC50 of in vitro strips was affected by isoproterenol treatment. We conclude that stimulation of beta2AR causes heterologous up-regulation of OTR in the non-pregnant estrogen-primed rat myometrium.
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Ashraf, F., Pervin Akther, N. Yasmin, JA Islam, M. Akther, R. Rahman, SA Ahmad, MH Faruquee, GMR Islam, and MHA Rakib. "Carbetocin versus Oxytocin in Active Management of 3rd stage of Labour following Vaginal Delivery." Bioresearch Communications 7, no. 1 (June 23, 2021): 927–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/brc.v7i1.54247.
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Background: Every day more than 220 women around the world die from severe bleeding after childbirth. Globally post-partum hemorrhage is the number one direct cause of maternal mortality. Most postpartum hemorrhages are caused by uterine atony and occur in the immediate postpartum period. Most of these tragic deaths can be prevented by active management of third stage of labour. Active management of the third stage of labor should be practiced routinely to decrease the risk of postpartum hemorrhage. Oxytocin is used for enhancing uterine contraction after delivery. But oxytocin has some limitations like shorter half- life, less contraction time and more side effects, whereas carbetocin has prolonged duration of action which ensures more contraction time and less adverse effects. This study was done to see the efficacy and safety of carbetocin over oxytocin for prevention of PPH after vaginal delivery.
Methodology: A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh over a period of 9 months from January 2015 to September 2015. Ninety four patients undergoing vaginal delivery at term were randomized into two groups receiving either 10IU oxytocin or 100 μg carbetocin. Outcome measures such as primary PPH, massive blood loss, need for additional uterotonic drug, additional blood transfusion as well as adverse effects were documented.
Results: In this study, massive blood loss did not occur none of patients in carbetocin group. But massive blood loss occured 6.4% women of oxytocin group. Further fundal massage , immediate blood transfusion and additional uterotonics didn’t need any patient in carbetocin group. In oxytocin group, fundal massage required in 8.5% of women, blood transfusion needed in 10.6% patients and additional uterotonics needed in 10.6% women. Average amount of blood loss was 88 ml less in carbetocin group and adverse effects of drugs were almost similar in both group. Primary PPH developed in oxytocin group 8.5% but none of patients had developed PPH in carbetocin group.
Conclusion: Carbetocin is an effective new drug than oxytocin for prevention of postpartum hemorrhage in vaginal delivery.
Bioresearch Commu. 7(1): 927-931, 2021 (January)
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Irawati, Ayu, Susianti Susianti, and Iranita Haryono. "Mengurangi Nyeri Persalinan dengan Teknik Birthing Ball." Jurnal Bidan Cerdas 2, no. 1 (May 23, 2020): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33860/jbc.v2i1.78.
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Pain during labor is caused by the first stage of labor in which contractions cause dilation and thinning of the cervix and uterine ischemia due to contraction of the myometrial arteries. These contractions cause the opening of the cervix to begin labor. Various attempts are made to reduce labor pain, both pharmacologically and non-pharmacological. The non-pharmacological method applied is a distraction with birth balls. The research aims to prove the effectiveness of the use of birthing ball on the reduction of labor pain in the first stage of labor in the active phase. This study used an experimental research design with a pretest-posttest control group design. The research sample was 20 maternity mothers at the Lompoe Health Center, who received treatment and 20 people as control samples. It applied the purposive sampling technique. The instrument of observation was the pain scale using the Faces Pain Rating Scale. Data processing using the Wilcoxon-test to determine the effect of the treatment given. Based on the results of the bivariate analysis showed that the p-value is <0,001. In conclusion, there is an influence of using the birthing ball to reduce the level of pain in the first stage of labor in the active mother.
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Ebrahimzadeh, Samira, Nahid Golmakani, Maryam Kabirian, and Mohhamad T. Shakeri. "Study of correlation between maternal fatigue and uterine contraction pattern in the active phase of labour." Journal of Clinical Nursing 21, no. 11-12 (April 23, 2012): 1563–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2012.04084.x.
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Althaus, Janyne E., Scott Petersen, Rita Driggers, Alice Cootauco, Jessica L. Bienstock, and Karin J. Blakemore. "Cephalopelvic disproportion is associated with an altered uterine contraction shape in the active phase of labor." American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 195, no. 3 (September 2006): 739–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2006.05.053.
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Ophir, Ella, Jacob Bornstein, Marwan Odeh, Svetlana Kaminsky, Oleg Shnaider, Yuri Megel, and Ofer Barnea. "Labor progress indices and dynamics of the individual uterine contraction during the active stage of labor." Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research 40, no. 3 (November 18, 2013): 686–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jog.12218.
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Lee, Ji Hwan, Sullim Lee, Quynh Nhu Nguyen, Hung Manh Phung, Myoung-Sook Shin, Jae-Yong Kim, Hyukjae Choi, Sang Hee Shim, and Ki Sung Kang. "Identification of the Active Ingredient and Beneficial Effects of Vitex rotundifolia Fruits on Menopausal Symptoms in Ovariectomized Rats." Biomolecules 11, no. 7 (July 16, 2021): 1033. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11071033.
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Estrogen replacement therapy is a treatment to relieve the symptoms of menopause. Many studies suggest that natural bioactive ingredients from plants resemble estrogen in structure and biological functions and can relieve symptoms of menopause. The fruit of V. rotundifolia, called “Man HyungJa” in Korean, is a traditional medicine used to treat headache, migraine, eye pain, neuralgia, and premenstrual syndrome in Korea and China. The aim of the present study was to confirm that V. rotundifolia fruit extract (VFE) exerts biological functions similar to those of estrogen in menopausal syndrome. We investigated its in vitro effects on MCF-7 cells and in vivo estrogen-like effects on weight gain and uterine contraction in ovariectomized rats. Using the polar extract, the active constituents of VFE (artemetin, vitexicarpin, hesperidin, luteolin, vitexin, and vanillic acid) with estrogen-like activity were identified in MCF-7 cells. In animal experiments, the efficacy of VFE in ameliorating body weight gain was similar to that of estrogen, as evidenced from improvements in uterine atrophy. Vitexin and vitexicarpin are suggested as the active constituents of V. rotundifolia fruits.
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Afrooz, Rowshan, Abul Kalam Md Faruq, and Mitheel Ibna Islam. "Pre-labour Rapture of Membrane at Term in Patients with an Unfavorable Cervix: Active verses Conservative Management." Ibrahim Cardiac Medical Journal 5, no. 1-2 (April 12, 2017): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icmj.v5i1-2.53700.
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Objective: The present quasi-experimental (comparative clinical trial) study was conducted to compare the outcome of active versus conservative management in patients with prelabour rupture of membrane (PROM) at term with an unfavourable cervix.
Materials & Methods: The study was carried out at Gynae & Obstetrics Department, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka over a period of 12 months from July 2009 to June 2010. Women admitted in the Obstetrics & Gynaecology Ward of BSMMU with pre-mature rupture of membrane (PROM) at term with unfavourable cervix was the study population. A total of 86 women with rupture of membranes at > 37 weeks of gestation with a single foetus in a cephalic presentation, Bishop's score below 6, absence of active labour, no history of previous uterine surgery, no contraindication to vaginal delivery, a normal cardiotocogram and an adequate pelvis on clinical pelvimetry were included in the study and divided into two groups – study group (who received 25 μg of misoprostol every 6 hours in the posterior fornix of the vagina to a maximum of 4 doses) and control (who received conservative treatment for 24 hours).
Result: The result shows that the study and control groups were almost identical in terms of age (p = 0.058), parity (p = 0.812), H/O past abortion (p = 0.366). Majority (94.3%) of the patients in case group and 64.4% in control group took 24 or < 24 hours to deliver their babies. The mean interval between PROM and uterine contraction and that between ROM and delivery were significantly less in the study group than those in the control group (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001 respectively). About 63% of study group experienced significant uterine contractions after 1st dose, 23.3% after 2nd dose, 9.3% after 3rd dose and 4.7% after 4th dose of misoprostol, while none of the patients in control group experienced significant contraction during the same period (p < 0.001). Twenty two (50.6%) of controls needed oxytocin for induction as opposed to none in the study group. The need for oxytocin during labour in study group were significantly less (37.2%) than that in control (80.5%) (p= 0.024). The incidence of failed induction was even less in study group (11.6%) than that in control (44.2 %) (p = 0.001). Two (4.7%) patients in the study group developed uterine hyperstimulation, 2.3% uterine tachysystole and another 2.3% nausea/vomiting while none of patients in control group developed the same complications. One (2.3%) of the patients in study group experienced chorioamnionitis and 9.3% exhibited group-B streptococci in high vaginal swab culture. In contrast, 18.6% of the controls developed chorioamnionitis and 14% showed the presence of group-B streptococci in high vaginal swab. In terms of mode of delivery, normal vaginal delivery (NVD) occurred in 88.4% study group as compared to 53.5% of control group (p<0.001). There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of foetal distress (p= 0.747) and neonatal sepsis (p = 0.121). Over half of the patients in the both groups had a history of less than 4 vaginal examinations during labour. There was no significant differences between the groups with respect to Apgar score at 1 minute of birth, neonatal sepsis and foetal distress (p=0.063, p=0.121 and p=0.747 respectively).
Conclusion: The study concluded that management of premature rupture of membrane with unfavourable cervix using vaginal misoprostol increases the rate of normal delivery thereby reducing the risk of caesarean section, while conservative management of premature rupture of membrane usually fails to augment normal delivery. So it is safer to give induction to women presenting with premature rupture of membrane with unfavourable cervix using vaginal misoprostol.
Ibrahim Card Med J 2015; 5 (1&2): 35-39
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Aguilar, Hector, and B. F. (Peter) Mitchell. "The role of THOA in calcium sensitization in human myometrial smooth muscles." Clinical & Investigative Medicine 30, no. 4 (August 1, 2007): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.25011/cim.v30i4.2836.
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Improved understanding of the regulation of contractions of uterine smooth muscle (myometrium) is essential to develop more successful strategies for prevention of premature birth, which remains the most common cause of infant death and disability. Oxytocin (OT) and prostaglandin (PG) F2a are potent myometrial stimulants which induce an increase in intracellular Ca++. This activates myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) and subsequently the cell’s contractile machinery. However, there is poor correlation between the rise in Ca++ and the strength of the myometrial contraction. Contractile strength greatly increases at the time of parturition partly due to Ca++-independent factors that sensitize the muscle to the rise in intracellular Ca++. In vascular smooth muscle, one key regulator in this process of Ca++ sensitization is the monomeric G-protein, RhoA which in turn activates Rho-associated kinase (ROK). Studies in the rat myometrium have shown that RhoA and ROK are involved in enhancing OT-induced contractions. The potential role of the RhoA/ROK system in uterine contractility at the time of parturition has not been investigated in the human myometrium or in human cell lines.
We propose to investigate the role of RhoA/ROK in the human myometrium using molecular cloning techniques. We have constructed expression plasmids for wild type, dominant positive (constitutively active), and dominant negative (constitutively inactive) isoforms of RhoA and synthesized purified proteins using a bacterial (BL21) translation system. These constructs will be introduced into primary and immortalized human myocytes using the protein transduction domain (TAT) derived from the HIV virus, which is capable of introducing whole proteins into mammalian cells. RhoA activation/translocation to the plasma membrane will be visualized using real time confocal microscopy in experiments where the RhoA proteins have been tagged with green fluorescent protein (GFP). Following introduction of the normal and mutant G-proteins, the downstream targets of activated ROK will be assayed for phosphorylation status using near infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging of western blots or in-cell westerns. These targets include the myosin binding subunit (MBS) of myosin light chain phosphatase (MLCP), and two peptide phosphatase inhibitors of MLCP, CPI-17 and PHI-1. In addition, we propose to measure ROK activity directly using a direct enzyme assay. We will monitor calcium transients using fluorescence microscopy to verify the calcium independence of our measurements. These experiments will determine the role of the RhoA/ROK system in the mechanisms that may determine human uterine contractility. This information may direct new strategies to prevent or treat preterm labour.
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Irawati, Ayu, Susanti Susanti, and Iranita Haryono. "Mengurangi Nyeri Persalinan dengan Teknik Birthing Ball." Jurnal Bidan Cerdas (JBC) 2, no. 3 (December 29, 2019): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.33860/jbc.v2i3.282.
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Childbirth and birth is a physiological process that must be experienced by a mother. Pain during labor is caused by the first stage of labor in which contractions cause dilation and thinning of the cervix and uterine ischemia due to contraction of the myometrial arteries. These contractions cause the opening of the cervix to begin labor. Various attempts are made to reduce labor pain, both pharmacologically and non-pharmacological. The non-pharmacological method applied is a distraction with birth balls. The research aims to prove the effectiveness of the use of birthing ball on the reduction of labor pain in the first stage of labor in the active phase. This study used an experimental research design with a pretest-posttest control group design. The research sample was 20 maternity mothers at the Lompoe Health Center, who received treatment and 20 people as control samples. It applied the purposive sampling technique. The instrument of observation was the pain scale using the Faces Pain Rating Scale. Data processing using the Wilcoxon-test to determine the effect of the treatment given. Based on the results of the bivariate analysis showed that the value of Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) is <0,001. Therefore, the value of Sig<0,001 <value of α=0.05 which means that Ha was accepted. In conclusion, there is an influence of using the birthing ball to reduce the level of pain in the first stage of labor in the active mother.
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Herlina and Nining Sriningsih. "Pengaruh Aromaterapi Lemon Dan Relaksasi Genggam Jari Terhadap Penurunan Nyeri Persalinan Fase Aktif Lampung Selatan." Jurnal Vokasi Keperawatan (JVK) 6, no. 1 (June 30, 2023): 100–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.33369/jvk.v6i1.26924.
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The uterine contraction and complete opening (10 cm) can cause pain in birthing stage I of active phase. The objective of this research was to find out the influence of lemonade aroma and holding fingers relaxation therapies to reduce pain of birthing stage I of active phase in Seloretno village midwifery clinic in Sidomulyo sub district of South Lampung district in 2020. This was quantitative research by using a pre-experiment approach and one group pretest-posttest design. Population was 22 birthing mothers stage I in active phase in Seloretno village midwifery clinic. Samples were of total sampling. Data were collected with observation sheets and analyzed by using univariate and bivariate analyses with t-dependent test. The research result showed that the average of pain in birthing stage I of active phase before and after lemonade therapy and holding fingers relaxation therapies were 6.77 and 4.59 respectively. Then obtained p- valuei=i0.000. Suggestions for future researchers to be able to carry out further research by expanding research variables, for example factors related to pain, increasing the population and sharpening research analysis to multivariate.
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Shashi Bharti, Sushma, and Vidya Sagar Ram. "Exploring the Ayurvedic Practice of Potaki Taila Pichu for Labor Facilitation among Rural Women in Northern Indi." Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences 9, no. 4 (June 15, 2024): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21760/jaims.9.4.6.
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Introduction: Childbirth is a profound experience in a woman's life, emphasizing the importance of promoting natural birthing processes to minimize discomfort and medical intervention. Ayurveda, an ancient holistic medical system, advocates for safe motherhood through herbal interventions like Potaki (Basella alba) Taila Pichu, which aims to alleviate imbalances in Apana Vayu and facilitate smooth labor. Methods: This study evaluated the efficacy of Potaki Taila Pichu in promoting easier labor by assessing its impact on cervical dilation and effacement. Sixty pregnant women meeting inclusion criteria were randomly assigned to a trial or control group. Various parameters, including cervical dilation, uterine contractions, and labor duration, were measured and compared between the two groups. Results: The trial group showed significant increases in cervical dilation and effacement compared to the control group, indicating the potential of Potaki Taila Pichu in facilitating labor progression. The intervention did not disrupt the natural rhythm of labor, as evidenced by consistent uterine contraction duration between groups. Moreover, the trial group experienced a significantly shorter latent phase of labor, suggesting accelerated onset of active labor. Discussion: These findings suggest that Potaki Taila Pichu may offer a safe and effective means of promoting smoother labor experiences while minimizing the need for medical interventions. Integrating traditional herbal remedies into modern obstetric care aligns with efforts to enhance maternal and neonatal outcomes. Conclusion: Herbal interventions like Potaki Taila Pichu hold promise in optimizing childbirth experiences by promoting natural labor progression. Further research is needed to validate these findings and explore long-term effects on maternal and neonatal health.
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Luria, Oded, Ariel Jaffa, Dan Farine, Sonia Hassan, Andrzej Lysikiewicz, Salim Kees, and Ofer Barnea. "Effects of the individual uterine contraction on fetal head descent and cervical dilatation during the active stage of labor." European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology 144 (May 2009): S101—S107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2009.02.031.
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Nguyen-Ngo, Caitlyn, Carlos Salomon, Andrew Lai, Jane C. Willcox, and Martha Lappas. "Anti-inflammatory effects of gallic acid in human gestational tissues in vitro." Reproduction 160, no. 4 (October 2020): 561–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-20-0249.
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Spontaneous preterm birth is the leading cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity globally. Activation of the maternal immune system leads to a downstream cascade of proinflammatory events that culminate in the activation of spontaneous uterine contractions and the rupture of the foetal membranes. Anti-inflammatory agents may be a novel therapeutic approach to prevent inflammation-induced myometrial contractions and premature rupture of foetal membranes. The polyphenol gallic acid has been previously shown to exert potent anti-inflammatory effects. Thus, this study aimed to determine the effect of gallic acid on proinflammatory and pro-labour mediators in cytokine-stimulated gestational tissues in vitro. In primary human cells isolated from myometrium and foetal membranes (decidua, and amnion mesenchymal and epithelial cells), gallic acid treatment suppressed inflammation-induced expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines and extracellular matrix-degrading and matrix-remodelling enzymes. Gallic acid also significantly inhibited inflammation-induced myometrial activation as evidenced by decreased expression of contraction-associated proteins, the uterotonic PGF2α and collagen cell contractility. Using a global proteomic approach, gallic acid may differentially regulate proteins associated with collagen synthesis, cell contractility and protein synthesis in primary myometrial and decidual cells. In summary, gallic acid inhibited inflammation-induced mediators involved in active labour in primary cells isolated from myometrium and foetal membranes. These in vitro studies suggest that the polyphenol gallic acid may be able to suppress the production of proinflammatory and pro-labour mediators involved in myometrial contractions and rupture of foetal membranes. Future preclinical studies may elucidate the efficacy of gallic acid in preventing inflammation-driven preterm birth.
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Hafeez, Sabahat, Javeria Saquib, and Farea Ahmed. "Intrauterine vacuum-induced hemorrhage-control device: A novel approach for PPH." Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association 73, no. 9 (August 15, 2023): 1931–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.47391/jpma.9602.
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Madam, Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH), defined as postpartum blood loss of > 1000 mL, is a life-threatening emergency and the leading cause of maternal mortality accounting for 25% of maternal deaths worldwide (1). PPH can lead to significant morbidity, including shock, ARDS, coagulopathy, infertility due to hysterectomy, and even mortality (4). Uterine atony is the most common cause, accounting for 80% of all cases of PPH (1) (2). Active management of the third stage of labour consisting of a triad of oxytocin, controlled cord traction, and uterine massage can reduce the incidence of PPH by 60% (5). If abnormal uterine bleeding ensues, PPH protocols are activated, including uterine balloon tamponade, uterine packing, uterine artery embolization, or hysterectomy (1, 2). The Jada System (novel intrauterine vacuum-induced haemorrhage-control device) approved by the U.S. FDA in August 2020, utilizes a low-level vacuum to induce negative pressure in the uterine cavity that facilitates uterine contraction to constrict myometrial blood vessels that can help with uterine atony (1). The device is used in patients with PPH where standard PPH treatments have failed or are contraindicated (1). It is a soft medical-grade silicone that attenuates the risk of tissue trauma and can be placed trans-vaginally after 3 cm of cervical dilation after vaginal birth and C-section (1,2). Ultrasound is used to check correct device placement, along with real-time quantification of the expelled blood from the uterine cavity into the graduated canister. The device can be placed for 1.5 hours to 24 hours inside the uterus. The device can be removed after evaluation of evacuated blood and palpation for a firm uterus, both signifying control of the hemorrhage (2). A First-in-Human (FIH) feasibility study conducted in Indonesia on 10 participants with atony-related PPH showed that the device was placed effectively, and bleeding was controlled in under 2 minutes with no unfavorable outcome in any participants (1) (3). The study was conducted with 107 participants of which two-thirds had atony-related PPH with failed medical treatment (1). The Per Protocol showed a 99% success rate in effectively controlling PPH (2). Bleeding halted in a minimum of 3 minutes, the treatment duration was around 3.2 hours and 98% of users regarded it as convenient to use (1). Adverse events included endometritis and vaginal infections all of which were resolved with adequate treatment (2). ---Continue
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Nur Anita, Raehan, and Sarini Ganing. "KOMPRES AIR HANGAT DAN NYERI PERSALINAN." Bina Generasi : Jurnal Kesehatan 15, no. 1 (September 27, 2023): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.35907/bgjk.v15i1.300.
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Labor pain is a physiological condition, pain comes from uterine contraction and cervical dilation. Labor pain can affect the mother’s condition in the form of fatigue fear, worry and stress, stress can cause weakening of unterine contractions and result in prolongen labor.Giving warm water compresses is one method to reduce labor pain in maternity mothers. The purpose of the preparation of this final project is to find out whether there is an effect of using warm water compresses in reducing labor pain in mothers during the active phase of labor at the Banggae 1 Majene public health center. This type of research uses a quasi experimental, and the desaign used in the study in two different groups, namely the control group and the experimental group. Whit the aim of knowing the scale of labor pain and the effect of using warm water compresses on mothers during the active phase of labor at the Banggae 1 Majene public health center, using an observation sheet pn primary data taken directly from respondents, with a total sample of 30 respondents, namely 15 as the control group, and 15 as the experimental group. Based on the results of this study, the respondent’s labor pain scale without being given warm water compresses, namely severe pain as many as 11 people (73,3%) and very severe pain as many as 4 people (26,6%). While the labor pain scale of respondents who were given warm water compresses, namely moderate pain as many as 13 people (86,6%) and severe pain as many as 2 people (13,3%). Conclusions from the effect of using warm water compresses on reducing labor pain in mothers during the active phase of labor at the Banggae 1 Majene public health center. There is an effect of giving warm water compresses to reducing labor pain with the results of hypothesis testing H0 being rejected and H1 being accepted with a significant value of 0,00<0,05. So warm water compresses have an effect on reducing labor pain during the active phase at the Banggae 1 Majene health center 2022.
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Clark, J. F., Z. Khuchua, A. Kuznetsov, V. A. Saks, and R. Ventura‐Clapier. "Compartmentation of creatine kinase isoenzymes in myometrium of gravid guinea‐pig." Journal of Physiology 466, no. 1 (July 1993): 553–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1993.sp019734.
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1. This study was performed to investigate the possible presence and role of the creatine kinase (CK) system in the contraction and relaxation of skinned guinea‐pig uterus as well as the changes of the CK system during gestation. Experiments were performed on isolated longitudinal fibres of gravid and non‐gravid myometrium. 2. Total CK activity increased from 74 +/‐ 11 to 196 +/‐ 39 IU (g wet wt)‐1 during gestation. 3. The four isoenzymes of CK: muscle (MM), muscle‐brain (MB), brain (BB) and mitochondrial (mt‐CK) were found in myometrium. MM, MB and BB isoenzymes represented respectively 20.3 +/‐ 2.6, 10.3 +/‐ 4.4 and 72.7 +/‐ 2.2% of total activity. The distribution of isoenzymes did not significantly change with gestation, the contribution of mt‐CK increasing from trace to 5% of total activity. 4. BB‐CK was specifically bound to Triton X‐100‐skinned fibres with the non‐gravid uterus containing 6.7 +/‐ 1.9 IU (g wet wt)‐1 and the gravid uterus containing 44 +/‐ 13 IU (g wet wt)‐1. 5. Active tension of Triton X‐100‐treated fibres increased from 6.06 +/‐ 0.68 to 19.3 +/‐ 1.9 mM mm‐2 during gestation. 6. Submaximal tension (43.3 +/‐ 4.4% of maximal tension) can be developed in the absence of ATP and in the presence of 12 mM phosphocreatine (PCr) and 250 microM MgADP from endogenous CK in non‐gravid uterine fibres while the gravid uterus was able to generate 65.4 +/‐ 3.9% of maximal tension via the CK system. 7. The endogenous CK system was able to relax the skinned fibres from high‐tension rigor conditions by 47.3 +/‐ 4.2% of total relaxation in non‐gravid fibres and 60.6 +/‐ 3.2% of total relaxation in gravid fibres. 8. Non‐gravid and gravid uteri both contained mt‐CK of 17.5 +/‐ 8.4 and 140 +/‐ 22 micrograms (g wet wt)‐1 respectively as determined with antibodies against mt‐CK. 9. Oxygen consumption was studied in fibres where the plasmalemma was solubilized with 50 micrograms ml‐1 saponin. Maximal respiration was increased from 0.91 +/‐ 0.05 to 2.61 +/‐ 0.16 mumol oxygen min‐1 (g dry wt)‐1 in the gravid uterine fibres. However, creatine did not stimulate respiration in the uterine fibres treated with saponin. 10. It is concluded that the CK system undergoes qualitative as well as quantitative changes during gestation. BB‐CK is specifically localized in the myofilaments and mt‐CK is present in the uterine mitochondria.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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Sitorus, Juli, Ova Emilia, and Detty Siti Nurdiati. "Pengaruh Pemberian Parasetamol Intravena untuk Mengurangi Nyeri Persalinan Kala 1 Fase Aktif." Jurnal Kesehatan Reproduksi 7, no. 1 (May 14, 2020): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jkr.53482.
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Background: Labor was a physiological process, labor pain appeared from regularly uterine contraction, cervix distention and pressure to pelvic floor that stimulate free end nerves. Pain labor can influenced the mother, fetus and the progress of labor. There are various of effort to decrease pain labor by pharmacological or non pharmacological. The best therapy must be safe, effective, and minimal adverse effect to mother and fetus.Objective: To evaluate the effect of paracetamol intraveneous for pain relief in active labor versus saline water.Methods: In randomized controlled trial, with single blinded, 66 primigravid in active labor at RSUD Hj. ANNA LASMANAH Banjarnegara and RSUD Banyumas from November 2016 to January 2017. Sampels divided in two groups, paracetamol group (n=33) and normal saline group (n=33). The primary outcome was the efficacy of paracetamol to relief pain. Intensity of the pain measure by VAS (visual analogue scale), pain measured before drug administration, after 30 minutes, at 1, 2, 3, and 4 hours in both groups. The secondary outcomes include the adverse effect to the mother and baby in both group.Results: The reduction in pain score was significantly greater in paracetamol group than normal saline after 30 minutes, 1, 2, 3, and 4 hours after adiministration of the drug (p<0.05). There was no adverse effect to mother and baby in both groups.Conclusion: Paracetamol intravenous statistically significant decreasing mean pain score than normal saline and safe in active labor.Keywords: Paracetamol, analgesia, active phase in labor
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Carlisa, Belinda. "Comparison of carbetocin with other uterotonic agents in preventing postpartum hemorrhage." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 7, no. 12 (November 26, 2018): 5207. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20184997.
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Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is defined as blood loss of at least 500 ml or more after vaginal delivery and 1000 ml or more after abdominal delivery. It contributes up to 28% of maternal mortality worldwide and 30.3% of maternal death in Indonesia. 70% cases of PPH are caused by uterine atony. PPH can be prevented by doing routine use of uterotonic agents in active management of third stage of labour. Uterotonic agents that currently available are oxytocin, carbetocin, methylergometrine, syntometrine, misoprostol and carboprost. Carbetocin (a long-acting synthetic analogue of oxytocin) is a new drug which has stronger ability to induce uterine contraction than oxytocin. It does not induce hypertension like methylergometrine and syntometrine. Therefore, carbetocin can be considered as an alternative drug to oxytocin in women with severe preeclampsia. However, more studies are needed to assess the efficacy and safety of carbetocin for prevention of PPH in preeclamptic women. Compared to methylergometrine and syntometrine, carbetocin is more effective in reducing postpartum blood loss. Adverse effects like nausea and vomiting were lower in women treated with carbetocin. Compared to misoprostol, carbetocin is also superior in reducing blood loss. Adverse effects like shivering, fever and metallic taste were higher in women treated with misoprostol. Further studies are needed to assess the superiority between carbetocin and carboprost since there is no published literature yet regarding this topic. In conclusion, carbetocin is superior to other uterotonic agents in preventing postpartum hemorrhage with fewer adverse effects.
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Berdai, Mohamed Adnane, Smael Labib, and Mustapha Harandou. "Peganum harmalaL. Intoxication in a Pregnant Woman." Case Reports in Emergency Medicine 2014 (2014): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/783236.
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Peganum harmalaL. is a plant widely distributed in the Mediterranean region. It is commonly used in traditional medicine in Morocco as sedative and abortifacient but exposes users to the risk of overdose and poisoning. The pharmacologically active compounds of this plant include a number ofβ-carboline and quinazoline alkaloids responsible of its pharmacological and toxicological effects. We report the case of a 24-year-old woman, 22 weeks pregnant, intoxicated with the seeds ofPeganum harmalaL. On admission, she had disturbance of consciousness, uterine contraction, and oliguria. Laboratory tests revealed renal failure and liver injury, and she benefited then from hemodialysis. During hospitalization, she was intubated after deterioration of consciousness and presented a spontaneous expulsion of the fetus. After extubation, she kept unusual sequelae: cerebellar ataxia and peripheral polyneuropathy. Physicians in regions usingPeganum harmalaL. as traditional medicine must be able to detect symptoms of its toxicity, in order to establish early gastrointestinal decontamination. The prognosis of this intoxication is variable; most cases can be managed successfully; but in high doses of intoxication, evolution can be fatal.
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Welton, Andrew. "Reduction of maternal and neonatal harm through prevention of the primary Cesarean section." University of Western Ontario Medical Journal 85, no. 2 (November 6, 2016): 19–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5206/uwomj.v85i2.2222.
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While there are clear life-saving indications for Cesarean section (C-section), rates of this procedure have seen a continued rise without a concomitant improvement in maternal or neonatal outcomes. There is some evidence that outcomes may actually be worse for low-risk C-sections versus vaginal delivery. However, this is not necessarily common knowledge for healthcare providers, and therefore, their patients. Measures to safely reduce the C-section rate target management of labour arrest and specific indications for progression to C-section. In the active phase of the first stage of labour, C-section should be considered only in cases of failure to progress after 4 hours of adequate uterine contraction, or 6 hours of inadequate contraction. In the second stage of labour, expectant management of 3 hours of pushing in nulliparous women and 2 hours in multiparous women is safe and appropriate. Furthermore, manual rotation and operative vaginal delivery in the second stage are reasonable alternatives to C-section. Expectant management is also appropriate for certain non-reassuring fetal heart rate tracings. In post-dates pregnancies, induction of labour reduces both rates of C-section and neonatal mortality. Finally, evidence supports the use of external cephalic version in breech presentation as well as a more conservative approach to suspected macrosomia and multiple pregnancy. Taken together, these measures target the most common indications for progression to C-section and can allow us to safely reduce the C-section rate. Educating patients and physicians on the risks of the procedure and reasonable alternatives can improve outcomes for mothers and neonates.
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Puspitasari, Lina, and Ernawati . "MANFAAT PENGUATAN OTOT ABDOMEN DAN PEMIJATAN LUMBAL TERHADAP PERCEPATAN PROSES PERSALINAN KALA I." Jurnal Kebidanan 10, no. 01 (July 8, 2018): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.35872/jurkeb.v10i01.295.
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ABSTRAKPersalinan lama akan berdampak buruk pada ibu dan janin, hal ini dapat berakibat pada kematian. Penyebab permasalahan tersebut adalah kurang adekuatnya kontraksi uterus. Latihan penguatan otot abdomen dan pemijatan lumbal dapat dijadikan solusi dalam penyelesaian masalah tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui manfaat penguatan otot abdomen dan pemijatan lumbal terhadap percepatan lamanya proses persalinan Kala I yang dihitung nilai rata-rata lama pembukaan serviks dari 0 cm sampai dengan 10 cm. Metode penelitian ini adalah eksperimen semu jenis one group without control design. Populasi penelitian sebanyak 50 orang ibu bersalin di BPM Ny. C Desa Mentasan Kecamatan Kawungan Kabupaten Cilacap selama 2 bulan. Sampel penelitian diambil secara purposive sebanyak 30 orang. Untuk menganalisis efek perlakuan yaitu lama persalinan menggunakan Paired T-test dengan SPSS dengan analisis pre post test. Hasil Penelitian dan Pembahasan terdapat hubungan yang bermakna pada lama persalinan sebelum dan setelah dilakukan treatmen. Pemberian treatmen berupa penguatan otot abdomen dan pemijatan lumbal terbukti dapat membantu percepatan lama proses persalinan kala I. Latihan otot abdomen dan pemijatan lumbal akan meningkatkan reseptor oksitosin yang menyebabkan kualitas kontraksi uterus menjadi adekuat yang berdampak pada percepatan persalinan. Selain itu teknik tersebut menyebabkan sekresi opioid yang merangsang saraf parasimpatik dan penurunan kadar hormon kortisol dan katekolamin sehingga dapat menghilangkan rasa nyeri. Simpulan Latihan penguatan otot abdomen dan pemijatan lumbal terbukti berdampak terhadap percepatan proses persalinan Kala I. Diharapkan ada penelitian lebih lanjut terkait faktor-faktor lain yang mempengaruhi proses dan lamanya persalinan kala I sehingga dapat meningkatkan kualitas asuhan kebidanan.Kata Kunci: Penguatan, Abdomen, Pijat, Lumbal, PersalinanBENEFITS OF STRENGTHEN THE MUSCLES OF THE ABDOMEN AND LUMBAR MASSAGE AGAINST ACCELERATION DURATION BIRTHING ON ACTIVE PHASE OF LABORABSTRACTLong Labor will impact badly on the mother and fetus, it can result in death. The cause of these problems is less adekuatnya uterine contractions. Muscle strengthening exercises abdominal and lumbar massage can be used as a solution in the settlement of the issue. The purpose of the study to find out the benefits of strengthening the muscles of the abdomen and lumbar massage against acceleration duration birthing on active phase of labor calculated the average value of cervical opening old from 0 cm to 10 cm. Research methods Design study was quasi experiment and One group without control design. Population studies as many as 50 people mother birthing in BPM Ny. C Mentasan Village sub district of Cilacap Regency Kawungan for 2 months. Samples taken in purposive research as many as 30 people. To analyze the effect of the treatment that is the old labor using Paired T-test with SPSS. Research results and Discussion there is a meaningful relationship on the old labor before and after the treatmen. The grant in the form of muscle reinforcement treatmen abdomen lumbar massage and proved the old acceleration can help birthing on active phase of labor. Exercise abdominal and lumbar massage will increase the receptor of oxytocin which causes uterine contraction qualities become a adekuat impact on the acceleration of labor. In addition this technique causes the secretion of parasympathetic nerves that stimulate opioid and a decrease in the hormone levels of cortisol and Catecholamines so as to eliminate the pain. Summary of muscle strengthening exercises and abdominal massage lumbar proved to have an impact against the acceleration of the process of childbirth on active phase of labor. expected further research related to other factors that affect the process and length of labor on active phase of labor so can improve the quality of obstetric care. Key Words: Reinforcement, Abdominal, Lumbar Massage, Labor
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Dumitrescu, Bogdan Constantin, Ligia Gabriela Tataranu, and Mircea Radu Gorgan. "Pregnant woman with an intracranial meningioma – case report and review of the literature." Romanian Neurosurgery 21, no. 4 (December 1, 2014): 489–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/romneu-2014-0067.
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Abstract It is about a 33-year-old female, with a 36 weeks uncomplicated pregnancy and with signs of increased intracranial pressure. Hours after admission and an obstetric evaluation, uterine contraction started and the patient was taken to the delivery room, where she presented a partial motor seizure on the left side with secondary generalization and urine emission. A caesarean section was performed without fetal or maternal complications. The urgent MRI gadolinium-enhanced brain scan revealed a 39/50/54 mm tumoral mass having an aspect of an anterior third falx cerebri meningioma. The patient was transferred to our neurosurgical department and afterwards surgery was performed with gross total removal of the tumoral mass. Histological examination revealed atypical meningioma with direct invasion into the adjacent brain parenchyma. A week later she was discharged from the hospital in good condition. One month after surgery, a contrastenhanced magnetic resonance imaging of the brain did not reveal any signs of tumor recurrence or residual tumor. Our recommendation is for postpartum surgery when is possible. Urgent neurosurgical interventions should be made in case of patients with malignant tumors, active hydrocephalus or benign intracranial tumor such as meningioma associated with signs of impending herniation, progress
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Faesol, Moh, and Windha Widyastuti. "Literature Review : Penerapan Metode Kompres Hangat Dalam Menurunkan Intensitas Nyeri Ibu Bersalin Kala 1 Fase Aktif." Prosiding Seminar Nasional Kesehatan 1 (December 21, 2021): 1721–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.48144/prosiding.v1i.921.
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AbstractThe unproper handied labour pain may ancrease blood pressure as well as oxygen demand, and decrease uterine contraction. Warm compress is a method that can be applied to reduce the intensity of pain during labour. this scientific report was written to describe the application of warm compresses to reduce the intensity of maternal pain during the first active phase of labour based on a literature review. this literature review was constructed by analyzing 3 articles takeen from Google Scholar with "labour pain", "firts active phase" and "warm compresses" the keywords, in the form of fulltext articles, and published during 2011 - 2021. From 78 respondent, 66.6% of them aged >25 years old, 58% were multipara, and 60.4% finished secondary education. The result showed that the average pain scale before the intervention was 5,3. Therefore, it can be concluded that warm compresses can reduce labour pain during the firts active phse. hence, health workers are suggested to give warm compresses to reduce the intensity of labour pain during the firts active phase.Keywords: Labour Pain; Warm Compresses; Stage 1 Active Phase
AbstrakNyeri persalinan yang tidak ditangani dengan tepat dapat menyebabkan peningkatan tekanan darah, peningkatan kebutuhan oksigen dan penurunan kotraksi uterus. Metode kompres hangat merupakan salah satu intevensi yang dapat menurunkan intensitas nyeri pada ibu bersalin. Penulisan karya tulis ilmiah ini bertujuan untuk mengambarkan penerapan kompres hangat terhadap intensitas nyeri ibu bersalin kala 1 fase aktif berdasarkan literature review. Desain karya tulis ilmiah ini adalah Literature Review, dengan menganalisis 3 artikel yang diambil dari laman google scholar dengan kata kunci “nyeri persalinan”, “kala 1 fase aktif” dan “kompres hangat”, berupa artikel fulltext artikel terbit pada tahun 2011-2021 . Hasil analisa karakteristik responden berjumlah 78, 66,6% responden berusia >25 tahun, 58% paritas Multipara, dan 60,4% pendidikan menegah. Rata-rata skala nyeri sebelum intervensi 7,9 dan setelah intervensi 5,3. Kesimpulanya adalah kompres hangat dapat menurunkan nyeri pada ibu bersalin kala 1 fase aktif. Saran bagi tenaga kesehatan adalah memberikan kompres hangat untuk menggurangi intensitas nyeri bersalin kala 1 fase aktif.Kata kunci: Nyeri Persalinan; Kompres hangat; Kala 1 Fase Aktif
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Nasreen, Sk Zinnat Ara, Safinaz Shahreen, and Shahnaz Rahman. "Recent Update on Tocolytics for the Management of Preterm Labour." Bangladesh Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology 27, no. 1 (October 10, 2016): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjog.v27i1.29910.
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Tocolysis is the relaxation of the pregnant uterus to postpone delivery. Tocolytics are a wide variety of agents used to suppress uterine contraction given when delivery would result in preterm birth. Preterm birth the most important single determinant of adverse outcome in terms of both survival and quality of life of baby. Although preterm birth is defined as being before 37 completed weeks most mortality and morbidity is experienced by babies born before 34 weeks. Prevention and treatment of preterm birth is important though it is not possible when labour is too advanced, cervix is dilated for more than 4 cm and prolongation of pregnancy is hazardous because of intrauterine infection, placental abruption, IUGR, lethal congenital anomaly, severe PIH, eclampsia, active vaginal bleeding or cardiac disease 1,2. The aim of this paper is to review available data about the tocolytics. The tocolytic therapy also helpful for getting time for the administration of dexamethasone/betamethasone, a glucocorticoid drug which greatly accelerates fetal lung maturity. There is no clear first line tocolytic agent 3,4. Various types of drugs are used, with varying success rates and side effects that includes calcium-channel blockers, ? adrenergic receptor agonists, magnesium sulphate, prostaglandin-synthetase inhibitors, oxytocin receptor antagonists. Their specific effects on myometrial contractility, their safety, their efficiency, doses, route of entry, and side effects profile for the mother and the fetus are presented. The main question which tocolytic should be administrated is discussed.Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2012; Vol. 27(1) : 21-26
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Khalil, Rozhan Yassin, and Gashbin Kamal Faraj. "A Comparison of Tramadol and Pethidine Analgesia on the Duration of Labour." Disease and Diagnosis 10, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/ddj.2021.01.
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Background: A standard obstetric analgesic should have a good analgesic effect without reducing the intensity of uterine contraction. The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the efficacy of intramuscular tramadol and pethidine on labor pain and duration. Material and Methods: A total of 170 multigravida women in active labor were randomly assigned to two identical groups, so that 85 pregnant women received pethidine (50mg/2ml) and 85 pregnant women received tramadol (100mg/2ml) intramuscularly. Results: The labor duration in the tramadol group was shorter than in the pethidine group. In 1st stage of labor, 64.7% of the participants in the tramadol group received the drug for 120±30 minutes, while 67.1% in the pethidine group received the drug for 180±30 minutes. In the 2nd stage, 44.7% of the participants in the tramadol group received the drug for 15±5 minutes, while 51.8% in the pethidine group received the drug for 25±5 minutes. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was used before, and 1 and 3 hours after drug administration. The pethidine group obtained a lower VAS mean score compared to those in the tramadol group at 1 hour after drug administration (4 vs 6; P≤.001). Moreover, there was a significant higher level of vomiting and dizziness among women in the pethidine group (29.4% vs 1.2%; P≤.001). Conclusion: Tramadol appears to lead to a shorter labor duration and cause lower maternal side-effects, although its analgesic efficacy was not as much as pethidine.
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Telova, Yurizki. "The Effect Of Counterpressure Birth Ball On The Reduction Of Labor Pain In Bpm Maiharti Kisaran Barat In 2022." JURNAL KEBIDANAN KESTRA (JKK) 5, no. 1 (October 31, 2022): 161–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.35451/jkk.v5i1.1342.
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Childbirth is a natural process that every pregnant woman will experience. Labor is defined as the stretching and dilation of the cervix due to contraction of the uterine muscles to promote the expulsion of conception. The labor experienced was a painful, most maternity mothers began to feel the peak of pain in the first stage of the active phase, namely in the maximal dilatation phase and deceleration phase. , and strong so that the sensation of pain felt increased by HIS and the opening of labor affected the pain felt by the mother. The more intense the HIS and the bigger the opening, the stronger the pain, so it requires birthball exercises as a decrease in labor pain scale during pregnancy, Counterpressure is a massage by placing the heel of the hand or the flat part of the hand, massaged 20 minutes every hour during labor will be more free from pain, can manage fear, create a feeling of comfort, relax and respond positively, Birth ball is a physical therapy ball that helps mothers in the first stage of labor to kneel and lean on the birthball can reduce pain so that mothers are more comfortable . When the birthing adjust the position, control anxiety and have a birth attendant who can divert her mind from the perception of pain, the pain will decrease. So the combination of Counterpressure Birth Ball is very important for pregnant women to learn when they want to give birth.
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Telova, Yurizki, Pratiwi Christa Simarmata, Damayanti Damayanti, Titin Novayanti Dey, and Ika Nur Saputri. "CLASS EMPOWERMENT OF PREGNANT WOMEN ABOUT COUNTERPRESSURE EDUCATION AND BIRTH BALL FOR PAIN OF LABOR." JURNAL PENGMAS KESTRA (JPK) 2, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 145–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.35451/jpk.v2i2.1313.
Full textAbstract:
Childbirth is a natural process that every pregnant woman will experience. Labor is defined as the stretching and dilation of the cervix due to contraction of the uterine muscles to promote the expulsion of conception. The labor experienced was a painful, most maternity mothers began to feel the peak of pain in the first stage of the active phase, namely in the maximal dilatation phase and deceleration phase. , and strong so that the sensation of pain felt increased by HIS and the opening of labor affected the pain felt by the mother. The more intense the HIS and the bigger the opening, the stronger the pain, so it requires birthball exercises as a decrease in labor pain scale during pregnancy, Counterpressure is a massage by placing the heel of the hand or the flat part of the hand, massaged 20 minutes every hour during labor will be more free from pain, can manage fear, create a feeling of comfort, relax and respond positively, Birth ball is a physical therapy ball that helps mothers in the first stage of labor to kneel and lean on the birthball can reduce pain so that mothers are more comfortable . When the birthing adjust the position, control anxiety and have a birth attendant who can divert her mind from the perception of pain, the pain will decrease. So the combination of Counterpressure Birth Ball is very important for pregnant women to learn when they want to give birth.
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CARVAJAL, JORGE A., and CARL P. WEINER. "MECHANISMS UNDERLYING MYOMETRIAL QUIESCENCE DURING PREGNANCY." Fetal and Maternal Medicine Review 14, no. 3 (August 2003): 209–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0965539503001098.
Full textAbstract:
The length of mammalian pregnancy is tightly regulated to assure the delivery of a newborn mature enough to survive the extra-uterine environment. A successful pregnancy requires near complete relaxation of the uterus for more than ninety-five percent of gestation, overcoming the inherent tendency of the myometrium to contract with stretch. This active and highly regulated process is called myometrial quiescence. It requires not only the near absence of myometrial contractions, but also its refractoriness to contractile agents.
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Tuladhar, Lujaw Ratna, A. Shrestha, and R. K. Shrestha. "Adverse Drug Reaction with Hyoscine and Valethamate for Cervical Dilation during Labour." Nepal Medical College Journal 21, no. 2 (August 2, 2019): 128–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nmcj.v21i2.25112.
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Adverse drug reaction (ADR) is an injury caused by taking medication. ADR may occur following single dose or prolong administration of drug or combination of two or more drugs. While major advancements of discipline of pharmacovigilance have taken place in the West, not much has been achieved in Asian countries. Labour is characterised by forceful and painful uterine contraction that result in cervical dilation and foetus decent from the birth canal. Anti-spasmodic drugs like hyoscine butylbromide and valethamate bromide have been used to accelerate cervical dilation and thus reduce the labor duration. The objective was to observe ADR with hyoscine and valethamate for cervical dilation during labor. It was a hospital based cross sectional study. Investigation was carried out in the form of questionnaire. All the consecutive patients who were in active stage of labor were included in the study. They were given Intravenous (IV) valethamate bromide 8mg and hyoscine butylbromide 20mg, 3 doses half an hour apart. After administration of the drug, the progress of labor was monitored and management was done as per protocol in obstetrics and gynaecology department. ADR reported were blurred vision in 47.7% of the patients, followed by dry mouth (36.9%) and tachycardia (19.2%). Other ADRs were nausea (6.2%), dizziness (3.8%), flushing (2.3%), vomiting (1.5%), fever (1.5%) and constipation (1.5%). No statistical significance was found when ADR was compared between the age group of 18-25 years and 26-35 years. Therefore, ADR reported were irrespective of the age of the patients and no life threatening or severe forms of ADR were seen with hyoscine and valethamate during cervical dilation.