Relevant bibliographies by topics / Active Matter Physics

Academic literature on the topic 'Active Matter Physics'

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Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Active Matter Physics"

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Dauchot, Olivier, and Hartmut Löwen. "Chemical Physics of Active Matter." Journal of Chemical Physics 151, no. 11 (September 21, 2019): 114901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5125902.

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SUGI, Takuma, Hiroshi ITO, and Ken H. NAGAI. "Pattern Formations in Active Matter Physics." Seibutsu Butsuri 60, no. 1 (2020): 006–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2142/biophys.60.006.

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De Magistris, G., and D. Marenduzzo. "An introduction to the physics of active matter." Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 418 (January 2015): 65–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2014.06.061.

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Ramaswamy, Sriram. "Active matter." Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment 2017, no. 5 (May 22, 2017): 054002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-5468/aa6bc5.

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Kempf, Felix, Romain Mueller, Erwin Frey, Julia M. Yeomans, and Amin Doostmohammadi. "Active matter invasion." Soft Matter 15, no. 38 (2019): 7538–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9sm01210a.

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Sugi, Takuma, Hiroshi Ito, and Ken H. Nagai. "Collective pattern formations of animals in active matter physics." Biophysics and Physicobiology 18 (2021): 254–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2142/biophysico.bppb-v18.028.

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Tarantola, Marco, Tim Meyer, Christoph F. Schmidt, and Wolfram-Hubertus Zimmermann. "Physics meets medicine - At the heart of active matter." Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology 144 (July 2019): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2019.03.009.

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Chaté, Hugues. "Dry Aligning Dilute Active Matter." Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics 11, no. 1 (March 10, 2020): 189–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-031119-050752.

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Active matter physics is about systems in which energy is dissipated at some local level to produce work. This is a generic situation, particularly in the living world but not only. What is at stake is the understanding of the fascinating, sometimes counterintuitive, emerging phenomena observed, from collective motion in animal groups to in vitro dynamical self-organization of motor proteins and biofilaments. Dry aligning dilute active matter (DADAM) is a corner of the multidimensional, fast-growing domain of active matter that has both historical and theoretical importance for the entire field. This restrictive setting only involves self-propulsion/activity, alignment, and noise, yet unexpected collective properties can emerge from it. This review provides a personal but synthetic and coherent overview of DADAM, focusing on the collective-level phenomenology of simple active particle models representing basic classes of systems and on the solutions of the continuous hydrodynamic theories that can be derived from them. The obvious fact that orientational order is advected by the aligning active particles at play is shown to be at the root of the most striking properties of DADAM systems: ( a) direct transitions to orientational order are not observed; ( b) instead generic phase separation occurs with a coexistence phase involving inhomogeneous nonlinear structures; ( c) orientational order, which can be long range even in two dimensions, is accompanied by long-range correlations and anomalous fluctuations; ( d) defects are not point-like, topologically bound objects.
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Das, Moumita, Christoph F. Schmidt, and Michael Murrell. "Introduction to Active Matter." Soft Matter 16, no. 31 (2020): 7185–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0sm90137g.

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Fu, Yulei, Hengao Yu, Xinli Zhang, Paolo Malgaretti, Vimal Kishore, and Wendong Wang. "Microscopic Swarms: From Active Matter Physics to Biomedical and Environmental Applications." Micromachines 13, no. 2 (February 13, 2022): 295. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13020295.

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Microscopic swarms consisting of, e.g., active colloidal particles or microorganisms, display emergent behaviors not seen in equilibrium systems. They represent an emerging field of research that generates both fundamental scientific interest and practical technological value. This review seeks to unite the perspective of fundamental active matter physics and the perspective of practical applications of microscopic swarms. We first summarize experimental and theoretical results related to a few key aspects unique to active matter systems: the existence of long-range order, the prediction and observation of giant number fluctuations and motility-induced phase separation, and the exploration of the relations between information and order in the self-organizing patterns. Then we discuss microscopic swarms, particularly microrobotic swarms, from the perspective of applications. We introduce common methods to control and manipulate microrobotic swarms and summarize their potential applications in fields such as targeted delivery, in vivo imaging, biofilm removal, and wastewater treatment. We aim at bridging the gap between the community of active matter physics and the community of micromachines or microrobotics, and in doing so, we seek to inspire fruitful collaborations between the two communities.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Active Matter Physics"

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Mahault, Benoît. "Outstanding problems in the statistical physics of active matter." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS250/document.

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La matière active, désignant les systèmes hors d’équilibre composés de particules étant capable d’utiliser l’énergie présente dans leur environnement afin de se déplacer de façon systématique, a suscité beaucoup d’attention auprès des communautés de mécanique statistique et matière molle ces dernières décennies. Les systèmes actifs couvrent en effet un large panel d’exemples allant de la biologie aux granulaires. Cette thèse se concentre sur l’étude de modèles minimaux de matière active sèche (ceux pour lesquels le fluide dans lequel les particles sont immergées est négligé), tel que le modèle de Vicsek qui considère des particules ponctuelles se déplaçant à vitesse constante tout en alignant leur direction de mouvement avec celles de leurs voisins localement en présence de bruit, et définit une classe d’universalité hors équilibre pour la transition vers le mouvement collectif. Quatre problèmes en suspens ont été abordés : La définition d’une classe d’universalité en matière active sèche qui décrit des systèmes de particles présentant un alignement polaire et un mouvement apolaire. Cette nouvelle classe exhibe une transition continue vers un quasi-ordre polaire doté d’exposants variant continument, et donc analogue au modèle XY à l’équilibre, mais n’appartenant pas à la classe d’universalité Kosterlitz-Thouless. Ensuite, l’étude de la validité des théories cinétiques décrivant les modèles de type Vicsek, qui sont confrontées aux résultats obtenus aux niveaux microscopique et hydrodynamique. Puis une évaluation quantitative de la théorie de Toner et Tu, permettant de mesurer les exposants caractérisant les fluctuations dans la phase ordonnée du modèle de Vicsek, à partir de simulations numériques à grande échelle du modèle microscopique. Enfin, la création d’un formalisme pour la dérivation d’équations hydrodynamiques à partir de modèles de matière active sèche à trois dimensions, ainsi que leur étude au niveau linéaire
Active matter, i.e. nonequilibrium systems composed of many particles capable of exploiting the energy present in their environment in order to produce systematic motion, has attracted much attention from the statistical mechanics and soft matter communities in the past decades. Active systems indeed cover a large variety of examples that range from biological to granular. This Ph.D. focusses on the study of minimal models of dry active matter (when the fluid surrounding particles is neglected), such as the Vicsek model: point-like particles moving at constant speed and aligning their velocities with those of their neighbors locally in presence of noise, that defines a nonequilibrium universalilty class for the transition to collective motion. Four current issues have been addressed: The definition of a new universality class of dry active matter with polar alignment and apolar motion, showing a continuous transition to quasilong-range polar order with continuously varying exponents, analogous to the equilibrium XY model, but that does not belong to the Kosterlitz-Thouless universality class. Then, the study of the faithfulness of kinetic theories for simple Vicsek-style models and their comparison with results obtained at the microscopic and hydrodynamic levels. Follows a quantitative assessment of Toner and Tu theory, which has allowed to compute the exponents characterizing fluctuations in the flocking phase of the Vicsek model, from large scale numerical simulations of the microscopic dynamics. Finally, the establishment of a formalism allowing for the derivation of hydrodynamic field theories for dry active matter models in three dimensions, and their study at the linear level
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Watson, Garrett (Garrett A. ). "A method for detecting nonequilibrium dynamics in active matter." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/120209.

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Thesis: S.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, 2018.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 55-56).
Active force generation is an important class of out-of-equilibrium activity in cells. These forces play a crucial role in vital processes such as tissue folding, cell division and intracellular transport. It is important to determine the extent of such nonequilibrium activity during cellular processes to understand cell function. Here we present a framework for measuring nonequilibrium activity in biological active matter using time reversal asymmetry based on the Kullbeck-Leibler Divergence (KLD), also known as relative entropy. We estimate the KLD from a stationary time series using a k-nearest neighbors estimator, comparing the time-forwards process to the time-reversed process Using time series data of probe particles embedded in the actin cortex, we establish a lower bound for the entropy production of cortical activity. Our results demonstrate a reliable way to measure the breaking of detailed balance in mesoscopic systems.
by Garrett Watson.
S.B.
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Peng, Chenhui. "ACTIVE COLLOIDS IN ISOTROPIC AND ANISOTROPIC ELECTROLYTES." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1480622734084146.

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Dell'Arciprete, Dario. "Physics of bacterial microcolonies." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/23418.

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The growth of bacterial colonies is a very ubiquitous phenomenon occurring in nature and observed in the laboratories. However, there is a limited knowledge on how at the microscopic level these colonies develop and the individual cells spatially organize. In this thesis, we experimentally investigate the physics of growing microcolonies at the level of the individual Escherichia coli (E. coli ) cells, focussing on the order-disorder evolution and the understanding of it in the context of active matter. Bacterial cells are indeed constantly transducing energy from the environment to move and grow, therefore they behave as active microscopic units, defining an inherently far from equilibrium system. In Part I, we present a brief summary of passive liquid crystals that provide us with some basic concepts and tools for investigating the bacterial microcolony evolution. Then an overview of the biology of E. coli cell is given, both as part of multicellular structures (biofilm) and as individuals. Active matter is then discussed along with some examples of active nematics. This first part ends with the materials and methods used in the experiments and analysis. In Part II, we provide our experimental results on the study of growing bacterial microcolonies as active nematics. We describe the way a bacterial microcolony evolves from the first mother cell into a layer of hundreds of cells, and we study the global and local orientational order. We find that a transition from an anisotropic to an isotropic phase occurs as the colony increases and that instabilities and topological defects develop, in analogy to the case of an active nematic. We also compare the real system with simulated ones by investigating (i ) the case of equilibrated configurations with respect to experimental nonequilibrium ones, and (ii ) long-time behaviour of nonequilibrium analogues. In Part III, we discuss the buckling of bacterial microcolonies, that is, the transition from a 2D layer of cells to a 3D structure. We investigate the link between the buckling event and the presence of topological defects in the nematic map of the bacterial microcolony, finding that the buckling sites tend to be closer to topological defects with a negative charge. Later, we present some results of buckling in microcolonies composed of mutants lacking some appendages that play a role in the motion in and attachment to the surrounding environment, finding that buckling occurs at earlier times in the case of these mutants than the wild type. The aim of this work is to show that a growing bacterial microcolony is an interesting model of active matter to experiment on, and that the investigation tools developed for the study of liquid crystals can be useful for describing the evolution of these living systems in mechanistic terms, and for improving the current understanding of nonequilibrium phenomena.
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Ahmed, Israr. "Mathematical and computational modelling of soft and active matter." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2016. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/18641/.

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The collective motion of organisms such as flights of birds, swimming of school of fish, migration of bacteria and movement of herds across long distances is a fascinating phenomenon that has intrigued man for centuries. Long and details observations have resulted in numerous abstract hypothesis and theories regarding the collective motion animals and organisms. In recent years the developments in supercomputers and general computational power along with highly refined mathematical theories and equations have enabled the collective motion of particles to be investigated in a logical and systematic manner. Hence, this study is focused mathematical principles are harnessed along with computational programmes in order to obtain a better understanding of collective behaviour of particles. Two types of systems have been considered namely homogeneous and heterogeneous systems, which represent collective motion with and without obstacles respectively. The Vicsek model has been used to investigate the collective behaviour of the particles in 2D and 3D systems. Based on this, a new model was developed: the obstacle avoidance model. This showed the interaction of particles with fixed and moving obstacles. It was established using this model that the collective motion of the particles was very low when higher noise was involved in the system and the collective motion of the particles was higher when lower noise and interaction radius existed. Very little is known about the collective motion of self-propelled particles in heterogeneous mediums, especially when noise is added to the system, and when the interaction radius between particles and obstacles is changed. In the presence of moving obstacles, particles exhibited a greater collective motion than with the fixed obstacles. Collective motion showed non-monotonic behaviour and the existence of optimal noise maximised the collective motion. In the presence of moving obstacles there were fluctuations in the value of the order parameter. Collective systems studies are highly useful in order to produce artificial swarms of autonomous vehicles, to develop effective fishing strategies and to understand human interactions in crowds for devising and implementing efficient and safe crowd control policies. These will help to avoid fatalities in highly crowded situations such as music concerts and sports and entertainment events with large audiences, as well as crowded shopping centres. In this study, a new model termed the obstacle avoidance model is presented which investigates the collective motion of self-propelled particles in the heterogeneous medium. In future work this model can be extended to include a combination of a number of motionless and moving obstacles hence bringing the modelling closer to reality.
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Stefferson, Michael W. "Dynamics of Crowded and Active Biological Systems." Thesis, University of Colorado at Boulder, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10823834.

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Interactions between particles and their environment can alter the dynamics of biological systems. In crowded media like the cell, interactions with obstacles can introduce anomalous subdiffusion. Active matter systems, e.g. , bacterial swarms, are nonequilibrium fluids where interparticle interactions and activity cause collective motion and dynamical phases. In this thesis, I discuss my advances in the fields of crowded media and active matter. For crowded media, I studied the effects of soft obstacles and bound mobility on tracer diffusion using a lattice Monte Carlo model. I characterized how bound motion can minimize the effects of hindered anomalous diffusion and obstacle percolation, which has implications for protein movement and interactions in cells. I extended the analysis of binding and bound motion to study the effects of transport across biofilters like the nuclear pore complex (NPC). Using a minimal model, I made predictions on the selectivity of the NPC in terms of physical parameters. Finally, I looked at active matter systems. Using dynamical density functional theory, I studied the temporal evolution of a self-propelled needle system. I mapped out a dynamical phase diagram and discuss the connection between a banding instability and microscopic interactions.

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Putzig, Elias. "An Exploration of the Phases and Structure Formation in Active Nematic Materials Using an Overdamped Continuum Theory." Thesis, Brandeis University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10620560.

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Active nematics are a class of nonequilibrium systems which have received much attention in the form of continuum models in recent years. For the dense, highly ordered case which is of particular interest, these models focus almost exclusively on suspensions of active particles in which the flow of the medium plays a key role in the dynamical equations. Many active nematics, however, reside at an interface or on a surface where friction excludes the effects of long-range flow. In the following pages we shall construct a general model which describes these systems with overdamped dynamical equations. Through numerical and analytical investigation we detail how many of the striking nonequilibrium behaviors of active nematics arise in such systems.

We shall first discuss how the activity in these systems gives rise to an instability in the nematic ordered state. This instability leads to phase-separation in which bands of ordered active nematic are interspersed with bands of the disordered phase. We expose the factors which control the density contrast and the stability of these bands through numerical investigation.

We then turn to the highly ordered phase of active nematic materials, in which striking nonequilibrium behaviors such as the spontaneous formation, self-propulsion, and ordering of charge-half defects occurs. We extend the overdamped model of an active nematic to describe these behaviors by including the advection of the director by the active forces in the dynamical equations. We find a new instability in the ordered state which gives rise to defect formation, as well as an analog of the instability which is seen in models of active nematic suspensions. Through numerical investigations we expose a rich phenomenology in the neighborhood of this new instability. The phenomenology includes a state in which the orientations of motile, transient defects form long-range order. This is the first continuum model to contain such a state, and we compare the behavior seen here with similar states seen in the experiments and simulations of Stephen DeCamp and Gabriel Redner et. al. [1]

Finally, we propose the measurement of defect shape as a mechanism for the comparison between continuum theories of active nematics and the experimental and simulated realiza- tions of these systems. We present a method for making these measurements which allows for averaging and statistical analysis, and use this method to determine how the shapes of defects depend on the parameters of our continuum theory. We then compare these with the shapes of defects which we measure in the experiments and simulations mentioned above in order to place these systems in the parameter space of our model. It is our hope that this mechanism for comparison between models and realizations of active nematics will provide a key to pairing the two more closely.

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Kyriakopoulos, Nikos. "Flocking in active matter systems : structure and response to perturbations." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2016. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=231666.

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Flocking, the collective motion of systems consisting of many agents, is a ubiquitous phenomenon in nature, observed both in biological and artificial systems. The understanding of such systems is important from both a theoretical point of view, as it extends the field of statistical physics to non-equilibrium systems, and from a practical point of view, due to the emergence of applications that are based on the modelling. In the present thesis I numerically investigated several aspects of flocking dynamics, simulating systems consisting of up to millions of particles. One first problem I worked on regarded the flocks response to external perturbations, something that had received little attention so far. The result was a scaling relation, connecting the asymptotic response of a flock to the strength of the external fleld affecting it. Additionally, my preliminary results point towards a generalised fluctuation-dissipation relation for the short-time response, with two different effective temperatures depending on the direction at which the perturbing field is applied. Another aspect I studied was the stability and dynamical properties of non-confined active systems (finite flocks in open space). The results showed that these flocks are stable only when an attracting 'social force' keeps the agents from drifting away from each other. The velocity fluctuations correlations were found to be different than the asymptotic limit predictions of hydrodynamic theories for infinite flocks. Finally, I studied the clustering dynamics of flocking systems. The conclusion was that the non-equilibrium clustering in the ordered phase is regulated by an anisotropic percolation transition, while it does not drive the order-disorder transition, contrary to earlier conjectures. I believe the results of this work answer some important questions in the field of ordered active matter, while at the same time opening new and intriguing ones, that will hopefully be tackled in the near future.
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Balin, Andrew. "Statistical mechanics of colloids and active matter in and out of equilibrium." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:2941a082-82ca-400b-ae6b-7c22e75cc90c.

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Thermal and viscous forces compete for dominance at the microscopic length-scales which govern the behaviour of many soft or biological systems. We study three systems of increasing complexity with the central goal of understanding the statistical or hydrodynamic nature of their mechanics. First we study experiments that have been conducted on ferromagnetic colloidal rods. At equilibrium, the magnetically pinned rod is observed to randomly flip between two orientational states, which our theoretical analysis shows is due to a competition between entropic and Hamiltonian forces. We show analytically how entropic forces can arise by considering the coupling between observed and unobserved variables of a system. Experiments in which a rod is driven out of equilibrium by a rotating field display three phases of steady-state behaviour as a function of driving frequency. Using Brownian dynamics simulations we match the lower critical frequency to the experimentally obtained values, showing that thermal fluctuations play an important role in this regime and propose a simple argument to demonstrate that hydrodynamic interactions between the substrate and rod affect the upper critical frequency. We then turn to the biophysical topic of cell locomotion in viscoelastic media. In order to study how bacterial flagella interact with similarly-sized polymers in their environment, we construct a Stokesian dynamics model of a helical filament and bead--spring polymer. Simulating their interaction first for a pinned--rotating helix, then for a swimming helix, we demonstrate that large polymers become hydrodynamically entrained by the flagellum and coil around it, causing both pinned and swimming flagella to expend more work. For the swimming helix, this results in a reduction of swimming speed on average. Finally, we consider an active nematic fluid confined to a channel and show that the inclusion of a passive colloid induces a global state of coherent flow maintained by the intrinsic activity of the system. This flow is persistent, and transports the colloid with it along the channel. By this mechanism, a passive colloid is able to spontaneously induce its own transport through an otherwise quiescent fluid.
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Cohen, Jack Andrew. "Active colloids and polymer translocation." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e8fd2e5d-f96f-4f75-8be8-fc506155aa0f.

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This thesis considers two areas of research in non-equilibrium soft matter at the mesoscale. In the first part we introduce active colloids in the context of active matter and focus on the particular case of phoretic colloids. The general theory of phoresis is presented along with an expression for the phoretic velocity of a colloid and its rotational diffusion in two and three dimensions. We introduce a model for thermally active colloids that absorb light and emit heat and propel through thermophoresis. Using this model we develop the equations of motion for their collective dynamics and consider excluded volume through a lattice gas formalism. Solutions to the thermoattractive collective dynamics are studied in one dimension analytically and numerically. A few numerical results are presented for the collective dynamics in two dimensions. We simulate an unconfined system of thermally active colloids under directed illumination with simple projection based geometric optics. This system self-organises into a comet-like swarm and exhibits a wide range of non- equilibrium phenomena. In the second part we review the background of polymer translocation, including key experiments, theoretical progress and simulation studies. We present, discuss and use a common model to investigate the potential of patterned nanopores for stochastic sensing and identification of polynucleotides and other heteropolymers. Three pore patterns are characterised in terms of the response of a homopolymer with varying attractive affinity. This is extended to simple periodic block co-polymer heterostructures and a model device is proposed and demonstrated with two stochastic sensing algorithms. We find that mul- tiple sequential measurements of the translocation time is sufficient for identification with high accuracy. Motivated by fluctuating biological channels and the prospect of frequency based selectivity we investigate the response of a homopolymer through a pore that has a time dependent geometry. We show that a time dependent mobility can capture many features of the frequency response.
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Books on the topic "Active Matter Physics"

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K, Poon W. C., Andelman D. 1955-, and Scottish Universities Summer School in Physics (59th : 2004 : Edinburgh, Scotland), eds. Soft condensed matter physics in molecular and cell biology. New York: Taylor & Francis, 2006.

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José, Franco, Ferrini Federico, Tenorio-Tagle G. 1947-, and Elba International Physics Center, eds. Star formation, galaxies and the interstellar medium: Proceedings of the 4th EIPC Astrophysical Workshop held at the Elba International Physics Center, Marciana Marina, Elba Island, Italy, June 1- 6, 1992. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993.

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service), SpringerLink (Online, ed. Interfacial Processes and Molecular Aggregation of Surfactants. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2008.

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B, Widom, ed. Molecular theory of capillarity. Mineola, N.Y: Dover Publications, 2002.

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Nishiguchi, Daiki. Order and Fluctuations in Collective Dynamics of Swimming Bacteria: Experimental Exploration of Active Matter Physics. Springer, 2020.

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Nishiguchi, Daiki. Order and Fluctuations in Collective Dynamics of Swimming Bacteria: Experimental Exploration of Active Matter Physics. Springer Singapore Pte. Limited, 2021.

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Nishiguchi, Daiki. Order and Fluctuations in Collective Dynamics of Swimming Bacteria: Experimental Exploration of Active Matter Physics. Springer, 2020.

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Andelman, David, and W. C. K. Poon. Soft Condensed Matter Physics in Molecular and Cell Biology. Taylor & Francis Group, 2006.

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Soft condensed matter physics in molecular and cell biology. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2005.

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Andelman, David, and W. C. K. Poon. Soft Condensed Matter Physics in Molecular and Cell Biology. Taylor & Francis Group, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Active Matter Physics"

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Madejski, Greg. "Black Holes in Active Galactic Nuclei." In Dark Matter in Astro- and Particle Physics, 36–45. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55739-2_4.

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Lee, Duckhwan, and A. C. Albrecht. "On Global Energy Conservation in Nonlinear Light-Matter Interaction: The Nonlinear Spectroscopies, Active and Passive." In Advances in Chemical Physics, 43–87. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470141410.ch2.

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Das, Ujjal, and Asim Roy. "Incorporation of Rubidium in the Organic–Inorganic FAPbI3 Structure for Stabilizing the Optically Active Perovskite Phase." In Proceedings of 28th National Conference on Condensed Matter Physics, 71–74. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5407-7_9.

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Sadownik, Alicja R. "Posthumanism: Intra-active Entanglements of Parental Involvement (as a Possibility of Change-Making)." In International Perspectives on Early Childhood Education and Development, 179–89. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-38762-3_11.

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AbstractThis chapter begins with a presentation of posthumanism/agential realism as a theoretical perspective entangling with early childhood education and care (ECEC), and as an ethical project, crucial for sustainable futures of all earthlings. After presenting the key concepts of Barad (Meeting the universe halfway: quantum physics and the entanglement of matter and meaning. Duke University Press, 2007), to whom the theoretical perspective of agential realism can be attributed, I try to show how the practice of parental involvement, usually understood as a human–human phenomenon, can be challenged and enhanced with this theoretical anchoring. The empirical example described further in the chapter, shows how ECEC staff in one kindergarten in Norway became empowered by this theoretical perspective to try out a different way of arranging a parental meeting. The chapter concludes by pointing to the necessity of theories that empower the vibrant intuitions of ECEC teachers and encourage them to try out new (more-than-human) ways of improving the institutional practices.
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Groenewegen, Maartje, Dimo Stoyanov, Dirk Deichmann, and Aart van Halteren. "Connecting with Active People Matters: The Influence of an Online Community on Physical Activity Behavior." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 96–109. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35386-4_8.

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Stouvenakers, Gilles, Peter Dapprich, Sebastien Massart, and M. Haïssam Jijakli. "Plant Pathogens and Control Strategies in Aquaponics." In Aquaponics Food Production Systems, 353–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15943-6_14.

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AbstractAmong the diversity of plant diseases occurring in aquaponics, soil-borne pathogens, such as Fusarium spp., Phytophthora spp. and Pythium spp., are the most problematic due to their preference for humid/aquatic environment conditions. Phytophthora spp. and Pythium spp. which belong to the Oomycetes pseudo-fungi require special attention because of their mobile form of dispersion, the so-called zoospores that can move freely and actively in liquid water. In coupled aquaponics, curative methods are still limited because of the possible toxicity of pesticides and chemical agents for fish and beneficial bacteria (e.g. nitrifying bacteria of the biofilter). Furthermore, the development of biocontrol agents for aquaponic use is still at its beginning. Consequently, ways to control the initial infection and the progression of a disease are mainly based on preventive actions and water physical treatments. However, suppressive action (suppression) could happen in aquaponic environment considering recent papers and the suppressive activity already highlighted in hydroponics. In addition, aquaponic water contains organic matter that could promote establishment and growth of heterotrophic bacteria in the system or even improve plant growth and viability directly. With regards to organic hydroponics (i.e. use of organic fertilisation and organic plant media), these bacteria could act as antagonist agents or as plant defence elicitors to protect plants from diseases. In the future, research on the disease suppressive ability of the aquaponic biotope must be increased, as well as isolation, characterisation and formulation of microbial plant pathogen antagonists. Finally, a good knowledge in the rapid identification of pathogens, combined with control methods and diseases monitoring, as recommended in integrated plant pest management, is the key to an efficient control of plant diseases in aquaponics.
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Lockner, Yannik, Paul Buske, Maximilian Rudack, Zahra Kheirandish, Moritz Kröger, Stoyan Stoyanov, Seyed Ruhollah Dokhanchi, et al. "Improving Manufacturing Efficiency for Discontinuous Processes by Methodological Cross-Domain Knowledge Transfer." In Internet of Production, 1–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98062-7_8-1.

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AbstractDiscontinuous processes face common tasks when implementing modeling and optimization techniques for process optimization. While domain data may be unequal, knowledge about approaches for each step toward the solution, e.g., data gathering, model reduction, and model optimization, may be useful across different processes. A joint development of methodologies for machine learning methods, among other things, ultimately supports fast advances in cross-domain production technologies. In this work, an overview of common maturation stages of data-intensive modeling approaches for production efficiency enhancement is given. The stages are analyzed and communal challenges are elaborated. The used approaches include both physically motivated surrogate modeling as well as the advanced use of machine learning technologies. Apt research is depicted for each stage based on demonstrator work for diverse production technologies, among them high-pressure die casting, surface engineering, plastics injection molding, open-die forging, and automated tape placement. Finally, a holistic and general framework is illustrated covering the main concepts regarding the transfer of mature models into production environments on the example of laser technologies.Increasing customer requirements regarding process stability, transparency and product quality as well as desired high production efficiency in diverse manufacturing processes pose high demands on production technologies. The further development of digital support systems for manufacturing technologies can contribute to meet these demands in various production settings. Especially for discontinuous production, such as injection molding and laser cutting, the joint research for different technologies helps to identify common challenges, ranging from problem identification to knowledge perpetuation after successfully installing digital tools. Workstream CRD-B2.II “Discontinuous Production” confronts this research task by use case-based joint development of transferable methods. Based on the joint definition of a standard pipeline to solve problems with digital support, various stages of this pipeline, such as data generation and collection, model training, optimization, and the development and deployment of assistance systems are actively being researched. Regarding data generation, e.g., for the high-pressure die-casting process, data acquisition and extraction approaches for machines and production lines using OPC UA are investigated to get detailed process insights. For diverse discontinuous processes and use cases, relevant production data is not directly available in sufficient quality and needs to be preprocessed. For vision systems, ptychographic methods may improve recorded data by enhancing the picture sharpness to enable the usage of inline or low-cost equipment to detect small defects. Further down the pipeline, several research activities concern the domain-specific model training and optimization tasks. Within the realm of surface technologies, machine learning is applied to predict process behavior, e.g., by predicting the particle properties in plasma spraying process or plasma intensities in the physical vapor deposition process. The injection molding process can also be modeled by data-based approaches. The modeling efficiency based on the used amount of data can furthermore be effectively reduced by using transfer learning to transfer knowledge stored in artificial neural networks from one process to the next. Successful modeling approaches can then be transferred prototypically into production. On the examples of vision-based defect classification in the tape-laying process and a process optimization assistance system in open-die forging, the realization of prototypical support systems is demonstrated. Once mature, research results and consequent digital services must be made available for integrated usage in specific production settings using relevant architecture. By the example of a microservice-based infrastructure for laser technology, a suitable and flexible implementation of a service framework is realized. The connectivity to production assets is guaranteed by state-of-the-art communication protocols. This chapter illustrates the state of research for use-case-driven development of joint approaches.
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Sabass, Benedikt, Roland G. Winkler, Thorsten Auth, Jens Elgeti, Dmitry A. Fedosov, Marisol Ripoll, Gerard A. Vliegenthart, and Gerhard Gompper. "Computational Physics of Active Matter." In Out-of-equilibrium Soft Matter, 354–90. The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781839169465-00354.

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From cytoskeletal macromolecules and micron-sized bacteria to giant fish swarms, active-matter systems occur on all scales throughout nature. These systems are internally driven out of equilibrium and therefore allow for the emergence of a plethora of complex phenomena that are essential for life. In this chapter, we illustrate the unique power of computer simulations to provide a quantitative understanding of active matter. First, basic active-matter model systems are described, including biological and synthetic self-propelled objects, where the driving mechanism is modeled on different levels of abstraction. Second, focusing on bacterial motion, we will discuss the role of hydrodynamic interactions for collective swimming and the role of activity for the rheology of dense bacterial colonies. Third, we will provide examples of active agents that are coupled together by interacting with deformable manifolds such as filaments and membranes. This leads to diverse non-equilibrium shapes, deformations, and motility modes. Finally, some results of simulations of active gels, multicellular growing structures and artificial phoretic swimmers are shown, illustrating the extraordinary diversity of computational active-matter systems.
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Golestanian, Ramin. "Phoretic Active Matter." In Active Matter and Nonequilibrium Statistical Physics, 230–93. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192858313.003.0008.

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Abstract The force-free nature of interfacial transport processes that are collectively terms as phoretic mechanisms (such as diffusiophoresis, electrophoresis, thermophoresis, etc) affords the possibility of designing self-propelled particles, e.g. Janus particles with built-in sources that arise from catalytic activity or light-induced heating. A key aspect of the nonequilibrium phoretic mechanisms that are used to design self-propulsion is that they lead to the creation of thermodynamic fields (such as concentration field, electrostatic potential, temperature profile, etc) that mediate effective long-range interactions by the very nature of their nonequilibrium activity. The existence of such long-range fields implies that theoretical descriptions of self-propelled particles with short-range equilibrium-type interactions might be unrealistic when it comes to systems that rely on phoretic mechanisms for self-propulsion. Here, a comprehensive account of the theory of phoretic active matter is presented, covering a wide range of length scales, from chemically active molecules such as enzymes to active colloids and chemotactic cells.
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Berthier, Ludovic, and Jorge Kurchan. "Active Systems." In Active Matter and Nonequilibrium Statistical Physics, 540–90. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192858313.003.0015.

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Abstract This chapter describes a series of lectures on “Active glassy materials”, where we covered topics on active matter, non-equilibrium statistical mechanics, and dense glassy materials. We start with a discussion of generic features of non-equilibrium statistical mechanics, followed by a description of selected examples of the possible consequences of not being at thermal equilibrium. We then introduce the topic of dense glassy materials with a short review of glassy dynamics, rheology and jamming transitions for systems that are not active. We then discuss dense active materials, from simple mean-field theories to numerical models and experimental realisations. Finally, we discuss two examples of materials driven out of equilibrium by an oscillatory driving force.
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Conference papers on the topic "Active Matter Physics"

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Ramaswamy, Sriram, Alka B. Garg, R. Mittal, and R. Mukhopadhyay. "Active Matter: Liquid-Crystal Hydrodynamics With a Difference." In SOLID STATE PHYSICS, PROCEEDINGS OF THE 55TH DAE SOLID STATE PHYSICS SYMPOSIUM 2010. AIP, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3605730.

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Berta, Šimon, Vladimír Goga, Ladislav Šarkán, and Justín Murín. "Active vibration damping of aluminum beam using piezoelectric actuator." In APPLIED PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER (APCOM 2022). AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0135921.

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Shinde, Anand, Pratik Rasne, Rajkumar Patil, and Ghanashyam Chendake. "Quarter car active suspension system using fuzzy linear quadratic regulator controller." In APPLIED PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER (APCOM 2022). AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0130932.

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Nemec, Pavol, Ivan Hotový, Robert Andok, and Ivan Kostič. "Comparison of TiO2 active area of gas sensors enhanced by annealing and RIE etching." In APPLIED PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER (APCOM 2019). AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5119484.

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Arya, Kriti, and Amit Singh. "Mixture active strain hyperelastic constitutive model of skeletal muscle contraction with loss of muscle mass." In APPLIED PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER (APCOM 2022). AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0127773.

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Mao, Tso-Yen, Chiu-Min Hsu, Ya-Lan Yang, Su-Hsiang Lee, and Wei-Hsun Hsu. "Establishing a ROC curve model by body composition to predict active aging in the community care center elderly." In APPLIED PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER (APCOM 2022). AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0117376.

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Nemec, Pavol, Ivan Hotovy, Vlastimil Rehacek, and Robert Andok. "TiO2 sensoric structures with controlled extension of their active area by electron-beam lithography and reactive ion etching techniques." In APPLIED PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER (APCOM 2021). AIP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0067745.

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Militello, Valeria. "Active site conformation in the αH87G mutant hemoglobin: An optical absorption and FTIR study." In Fifth scientific conference on nuclear and condensed matter physics. AIP, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1303356.

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Mishra, Ashok Kumar, and Satya Prakash Tiwari. "Biologically active compounds to develop bioelectronics and bio photonics." In 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONDENSED MATTER AND APPLIED PHYSICS (ICC 2017). Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5032819.

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Singh, Satya Pal. "Synthesis of regular porous nanomaterials using chemically active surfaces." In 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONDENSED MATTER AND APPLIED PHYSICS (ICC-2019). AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0001592.

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Reports on the topic "Active Matter Physics"

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Avnimelech, Yoram, Richard C. Stehouwer, and Jon Chorover. Use of Composted Waste Materials for Enhanced Ca Migration and Exchange in Sodic Soils and Acidic Minespoils. United States Department of Agriculture, June 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7575291.bard.

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Restoration of degraded lands and the development of beneficial uses for waste products are important challenges facing our society. In addition there is a need to find useful and environmentally friendly applications for the organic fractions of municipal and other solid waste. Recent studies have shown that composted wastes combined with gypsum or gypsum-containing flue gas desulfurization by-products enhance restoration of sodic soils and acidic minespoils. The mechanism by which this synergistic effect occurs in systems at opposite pH extremes appears to involve enhanced Ca migration and exchange. Our original research objectives were to (1) identify and quantify the active compost components involved in Ca transport, (2) determine the relative affinity of the compost components for Ca and competing metals in the two soil/spoil systems, (3) determine the efficacy of the compost components in Ca transport to subjacent soil and subsequent exchange with native soil cations, and (4) assess the impacts of compost enhanced Ca transport on soil properties and plant growth. Acidic mine spoils: During the course of the project the focus for objective (1) and (2) shifted more towards developing and evaluating methods to appropriately quantify Ca2+ and Al3+ binding to compost derived dissolved organic matter (DOM). It could be shown that calcium complexation by sewage sludge compost derived DOM did not significantly change during the composting process. A method for studying Al3+ binding to DOM was successfully developed and should allow future insight into DOM-Al3+ interactions in general. Laboratory column experiments as well as greenhouse experiments showed that in very acidic mine spoil material mineral dissolution controls solution Al3+ concentration as opposed to exchange with Ca2+. Therefore compost appeared to have no effect on Al3+ and Ca2+ mobility and did not affect subsoil acidity. Sodic alkaline soils: Batch experiments with Na+ saturated cation exchange resins as a model for sodic soils showed that compost home cations exchanged readily with Na+. Unlike filtered compost extracts, unfiltered compost suspensions also significantly increased Ca2+ release from CaCO3. Soil lysimeter experiments demonstrated a clear impact of compost on structural improvement in sodic alkaline soils. Young compost had faster, clearer and longer lasting effects on soil physical and chemical properties than mature compost. Even after 2 growing seasons differences could still be observed. Compost increased Ca2+ concentration in soil solution and solubility of pedogenic CaCO3 that is highly insoluble under alkaline conditions. The solubilized Ca2+ efficiently exchanged Na+ in the compost treated soils and thus greatly improved the soil structure.
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Chamovitz, Daniel, and Albrecht Von Arnim. Translational regulation and light signal transduction in plants: the link between eIF3 and the COP9 signalosome. United States Department of Agriculture, November 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7696515.bard.

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The COP9 signalosome (CSN) is an eight-subunit protein complex that is highly conserved among eukaryotes. Genetic analysis of the signalosome in the plant model species Arabidopsis thaliana has shown that the signalosome is a repressor of light dependent seedling development as mutant Arabidopsis seedlings that lack this complex develop in complete darkness as if exposed to light. These mutant plants die following the seedling stage, even when exposed to light, indicating that the COP9 signalosome also has a central role in the regulation of normal photomorphogenic development. The biochemical mode of action of the signalosome and its position in eukaryotic cell signaling pathways is a matter of controversy and ongoing investigation, and recent results place the CSN at the juncture of kinase signaling pathways and ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation. We have shown that one of the many CSN functions may relate to the regulation of translation through the interaction of the CSN with its related complex, eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF3). While we have established a physical connection between eIF3 subunits and CSN subunits, the physiological and developmental significance of this interaction is still unknown. In an effort to understand the biochemical activity of the signalosome, and its role in regulating translation, we originally proposed to dissect the contribution of "h" subunit of eIF3 (eIF3h) along the following specific aims: (i) Isolation and phenotypic characterization of an Arabidopsis loss-of-function allele for eIF3h from insertional mutagenesis libraries; (ii) Creation of designed gain and loss of function alleles for eIF3h on the basis of its nucleocytoplasmic distribution and its yeast-two-hybrid interactions with other eIF3 and signalosome partner proteins; (iii) Determining the contribution of eIF3h and its interaction with the signalosome by expressing specific mutants of eIF3h in the eIF3h- loss-of function background. During the course of the research, these goals were modified to include examining the genetic interaction between csn and eif3h mutations. More importantly, we extended our effort toward the genetic analysis of mutations in the eIF3e subunit, which also interacts with the CSN. Through the course of this research program we have made several critical scientific discoveries, all concerned with the apparent diametrically opposed roles of eIF3h and eIF3e. We showed that: 1) While eIF3e is essential for growth and development, eIF3h is not essential for growth or basal translation; 2) While eIF3e has a negative role in translational regulation, eIF3h is positively required for efficient translation of transcripts with complex 5' UTR sequences; 3) Over-accumulation of eIF3e and loss-of-function of eIF3h both lead to cop phenotypes in dark-grown seedlings. These results were published in one publication (Kim et al., Plant Cell 2004) and in a second manuscript currently in revision for Embo J. Are results have led to a paradigm shift in translation research – eIF3 is now viewed in all systems as a dynamic entity that contains regulatory subuits that affect translational efficiency. In the long-term agronomic outlook, the proposed research has implications that may be far reaching. Many important plant processes, including developmental and physiological responses to light, abiotic stress, photosynthate, and hormones operate in part by modulating protein translation [23, 24, 40, 75]. Translational regulation is slowly coming of age as a mechanism for regulating foreign gene expression in plants, beginning with translational enhancers [84, 85] and more recently, coordinating the expression of multiple transgenes using internal ribosome entry sites. Our contribution to understanding the molecular mode of action of a protein complex as fundamental as eIF3 is likely to lead to advances that will be applicable in the foreseeable future.
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Barg, Rivka, Erich Grotewold, and Yechiam Salts. Regulation of Tomato Fruit Development by Interacting MYB Proteins. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7592647.bard.

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Background to the topic: Early tomato fruit development is executed via extensive cell divisions followed by cell expansion concomitantly with endoreduplication. The signals involved in activating the different modes of growth during fruit development are still inadequately understood. Addressing this developmental process, we identified SlFSM1 as a gene expressed specifically during the cell-division dependent stages of fruit development. SlFSM1 is the founder of a class of small plant specific proteins containing a divergent SANT/MYB domain (Barg et al 2005). Before initiating this project, we found that low ectopic over-expression (OEX) of SlFSM1 leads to a significant decrease in the final size of the cells in mature leaves and fruits, and the outer pericarp is substantially narrower, suggesting a role in determining cell size and shape. We also found the interacting partners of the Arabidopsis homologs of FSM1 (two, belonging to the same family), and cloned their tomato single homolog, which we named SlFSB1 (Fruit SANT/MYB–Binding1). SlFSB1 is a novel plant specific single MYB-like protein, which function was unknown. The present project aimed at elucidating the function and mode of action of these two single MYB proteins in regulating tomato fruit development. The specific objectives were: 1. Functional analysis of SlFSM1 and its interacting protein SlFSB1 in relation to fruit development. 2. Identification of the SlFSM1 and/or SlFSB1 cellular targets. The plan of work included: 1) Detailed phenotypic, histological and cellular analyses of plants ectopically expressing FSM1, and plants either ectopically over-expressing or silenced for FSB1. 2) Extensive SELEX analysis, which did not reveal any specific DNA target of SlFSM1 binding, hence the originally offered ChIP analysis was omitted. 3) Genome-wide transcriptional impact of gain- and loss- of SlFSM1 and SlFSB1 function by Affymetrix microarray analyses. This part is still in progress and therefore results are not reported, 4) Search for additional candidate partners of SlFSB1 revealed SlMYBI to be an alternative partner of FSB1, and 5) Study of the physical basis of the interaction between SlFSM1 and SlFSB1 and between FSB1 and MYBI. Major conclusions, solutions, achievements: We established that FSM1 negatively affects cell expansion, particularly of those cells with the highest potential to expand, such as the ones residing inner to the vascular bundles in the fruit pericarp. On the other hand, FSB1 which is expressed throughout fruit development acts as a positive regulator of cell expansion. It was also established that besides interacting with FSM1, FSB1 interacts also with the transcription factor MYBI, and that the formation of the FSB1-MYBI complex is competed by FSM1, which recognizes in FSB1 the same region as MYBI does. Based on these findings a model was developed explaining the role of this novel network of the three different MYB containing proteins FSM1/FSB1/MYBI in the control of tomato cell expansion, particularly during fruit development. In short, during early stages of fruit development (Phase II), the formation of the FSM1-FSB1 complex serves to restrict the expansion of the cells with the greatest expansion potential, those non-dividing cells residing in the inner mesocarp layers of the pericarp. Alternatively, during growth phase III, after transcription of FSM1 sharply declines, FSB1, possibly through complexing with the transcription factor MYBI serves as a positive regulator of the differential cell expansion which drives fruit enlargement during this phase. Additionally, a novel mechanism was revealed by which competing MYB-MYB interactions could participate in the control of gene expression. Implications, both scientific and agricultural: The demonstrated role of the FSM1/FSB1/MYBI complex in controlling differential cell growth in the developing tomato fruit highlights potential exploitations of these genes for improving fruit quality characteristics. Modulation of expression of these genes or their paralogs in other organs could serve to modify leaf and canopy architecture in various crops.
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