Relevant bibliographies by topics / Actions processing

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Actions processing'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 7 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Actions processing"

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Müsseler, Jochen, Silke Steininger, and Peter Wühr. "Can Actions Affect Perceptual Processing?" Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A 54, no. 1 (2001): 137–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02724980042000057.

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Cullen, Kathleen E., Jessica X. Brooks, and Soroush G. Sadeghi. "How Actions Alter Sensory Processing." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1164, no. 1 (2009): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.03866.x.

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Heitger, Marcus H., Marc J. M. Macé, Jan Jastorff, Stephan P. Swinnen, and Guy A. Orban. "Cortical regions involved in the observation of bimanual actions." Journal of Neurophysiology 108, no. 9 (2012): 2594–611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00408.2012.

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Although we are beginning to understand how observed actions performed by conspecifics with a single hand are processed and how bimanual actions are controlled by the motor system, we know very little about the processing of observed bimanual actions. We used fMRI to compare the observation of bimanual manipulative actions with their unimanual components, relative to visual control conditions equalized for visual motion. Bimanual action observation did not activate any region specialized for processing visual signals related to this more elaborated action. On the contrary, observation of bimanual and unimanual actions activated similar occipito-temporal, parietal and premotor networks. However, whole-brain as well as region of interest (ROI) analyses revealed that this network functions differently under bimanual and unimanual conditions. Indeed, in bimanual conditions, activity in the network was overall more bilateral, especially in parietal cortex. In addition, ROI analyses indicated bilateral parietal activation patterns across hand conditions distinctly different from those at other levels of the action-observation network. These activation patterns suggest that while occipito-temporal and premotor levels are involved with processing the kinematics of the observed actions, the parietal cortex is more involved in the processing of static, postural aspects of the observed action. This study adds bimanual cooperation to the growing list of distinctions between parietal and premotor cortex regarding factors affecting visual processing of observed actions.
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Demetre, James D., and Peter M. Vietze. "Discrepancy processing of actions in infancy." Infant Behavior and Development 9 (April 1986): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0163-6383(86)80100-x.

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Rueschemeyer, Shirley-Ann, Oliver Lindemann, Daan van Rooij, Wessel van Dam, and Harold Bekkering. "Effects of Intentional Motor Actions on Embodied Language Processing." Experimental Psychology 57, no. 4 (2010): 260–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169/a000031.

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Embodied theories of language processing suggest that this motor simulation is an automatic and necessary component of meaning representation. If this is the case, then language and action systems should be mutually dependent (i.e., motor activity should selectively modulate processing of words with an action-semantic component). In this paper, we investigate in two experiments whether evidence for mutual dependence can be found using a motor priming paradigm. Specifically, participants performed either an intentional or a passive motor task while processing words denoting manipulable and nonmanipulable objects. The performance rates (Experiment 1) and response latencies (Experiment 2) in a lexical-decision task reveal that participants performing an intentional action were positively affected in the processing of words denoting manipulable objects as compared to nonmanipulable objects. This was not the case if participants performed a secondary passive motor action (Experiment 1) or did not perform a secondary motor task (Experiment 2). The results go beyond previous research showing that language processes involve motor systems to demonstrate that the execution of motor actions has a selective effect on the semantic processing of words. We suggest that intentional actions activate specific parts of the neural motor system, which are also engaged for lexical-semantic processing of action-related words and discuss the beneficial versus inhibitory nature of this relationship. The results provide new insights into the embodiment of language and the bidirectionality of effects between language and action processing.
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Beauprez, Sophie-Anne, Yannick Blandin, Yves Almecija, and Christel Bidet-Ildei. "Physical and observational practices of unusual actions prime action verb processing." Brain and Cognition 138 (February 2020): 103630. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bandc.2019.103630.

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Heil, Lieke, Olympia Colizoli, Egbert Hartstra, et al. "Processing of Prediction Errors in Mentalizing Areas." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 31, no. 6 (2019): 900–912. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01381.

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When seeing people perform actions, we are able to quickly predict the action's outcomes. These predictions are not solely based on the observed actions themselves but utilize our prior knowledge of others. It has been suggested that observed outcomes that are not in line with these predictions result in prediction errors, which require additional processing to be integrated or updated. However, there is no consensus on whether this is indeed the case for the kind of high-level social–cognitive processes involved in action observation. In this fMRI study, we investigated whether observation of unexpected outcomes causes additional activation in line with the processing of prediction errors and, if so, whether this activation overlaps with activation in brain areas typically associated with social–cognitive processes. In the first part of the experiment, participants watched animated movies of two people playing a bowling game, one experienced and one novice player. In cases where the player's score was higher or lower than expected based on their skill level, there was increased BOLD activity in areas that were also activated during a theory of mind task that participants performed in the second part of the experiment. These findings are discussed in the light of different theoretical accounts of human social–cognitive processing.
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Ianì, Francesco, Teresa Limata, Giuliana Mazzoni, and Monica Bucciarelli. "Observer’s body posture affects processing of other humans’ actions." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 74, no. 9 (2021): 1595–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17470218211003518.

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Action observation triggers by default a mental simulation of action unfolding in time. We assumed that this simulation is “embodied”: the body is the medium through which observer’s sensorimotor modalities simulate the observed action. The participants in two experiments observed videos, each depicting the central part of an action performed by an actress on an object (e.g., answering the phone) and soon after each video they observed a photo portraying a state of the action not observed in the video, either depicting the initial part or the final part of the whole action. Their task was to evaluate whether the photo portrayed something before (backward photo) or after the action in the video (forward photo). Results showed that evaluation of forward photos was faster than evaluation of backward photos (Experiment 1). Crucially, participants’ body posture modulated this effect: keeping the hands crossed behind the back interfered with forward simulations (Experiment 2). These results speak about the role of the observer’s body posture in processing other people’s actions.
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Kroczek, Leon O. H., Angelika Lingnau, Valentin Schwind, Christian Wolff, and Andreas Mühlberger. "Angry facial expressions bias towards aversive actions." PLOS ONE 16, no. 9 (2021): e0256912. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256912.

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Social interaction requires fast and efficient processing of another person’s intentions. In face-to-face interactions, aversive or appetitive actions typically co-occur with emotional expressions, allowing an observer to anticipate action intentions. In the present study, we investigated the influence of facial emotions on the processing of action intentions. Thirty-two participants were presented with video clips showing virtual agents displaying a facial emotion (angry vs. happy) while performing an action (punch vs. fist-bump) directed towards the observer. During each trial, video clips stopped at varying durations of the unfolding action, and participants had to recognize the presented action. Naturally, participants’ recognition accuracy improved with increasing duration of the unfolding actions. Interestingly, while facial emotions did not influence accuracy, there was a significant influence on participants’ action judgements. Participants were more likely to judge a presented action as a punch when agents showed an angry compared to a happy facial emotion. This effect was more pronounced in short video clips, showing only the beginning of an unfolding action, than in long video clips, showing near-complete actions. These results suggest that facial emotions influence anticipatory processing of action intentions allowing for fast and adaptive responses in social interactions.
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Gerson, Sarah A., Harold Bekkering, and Sabine Hunnius. "Short-term Motor Training, but Not Observational Training, Alters Neurocognitive Mechanisms of Action Processing in Infancy." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 27, no. 6 (2015): 1207–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00774.

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The role of motor experience in the processing of perceived actions is hotly debated on both behavioral (e.g., action understanding) and neural (e.g., activation of the motor system) levels of interpretation. Whereas some researchers focus on the role of motor experience in the understanding of and motor activity associated with perceived actions, others emphasize the role of visual experience with the perceived actions. The question of whether prior firsthand motor experience is critical to motor system activation during perception of actions performed by others is best addressed through studies with infants who have a limited repertoire of motor actions. In this way, infants can receive motor or visual training with novel actions that are not mere recombinations of previously acquired actions. In this study, 10-month-old infants received active training with a motorically unfamiliar action that resulted in a distinct sound effect. They received observational experience with a second, similarly unfamiliar action. Following training, we assessed infants' neural motor activity via EEG while they listened to the sounds associated with the actions relative to a novel sound. We found a greater decrease in mu power to sounds associated with the motorically learned action than to those associated with the observed action that the infants had never produced. This effect was directly related to individual differences in the degree of motor learning via motor training. These findings indicate a unique effect of active experience on neural correlates of action perception.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Actions processing"

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Elshaw, Mark. "Multimodal neural grounding of language processing for robot actions." Thesis, University of Sunderland, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.420517.

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Brooks, Jessica. "How actions alter sensory processing: reafference cancellation in the vestibular system." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=106238.

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Our sensory systems are continually confronted with the task of differentiating sensory inputs due to external events (exafference) from sensory information due to our own actions (reafference). Discriminating between these two types of stimuli is critical in order to achieve accurate perception and motor control. The current mechanism that explains how the vestibular system deals with this issue states that during an active movement, a prediction of the sensory consequences of motor commands computed by an internal model is compared to the actual sensory feedback; if the internal model's prediction and sensory feedback match, the vestibular signal is cancelled, if they do not, the vestibular signal is left unaltered. The studies presented in this thesis were aimed at understanding this fundamental mechanism. In particular, I investigate 1- the rules that govern the cancellation of vestibular reafference, 2- the adaptability of the internal model that underlies vestibular reafference cancellation and 3-the role of the vestibular cerebellum in the processing of passive and active motion. First, I establish that disrupting sensory feedback during an active movement affects the ability of central vestibular neurons to suppress vestibular reafference. Specifically, when proprioceptive feedback is disrupted during an active movement, vestibular reafference is no longer suppressed. In addition, I demonstrate that vestibular reafference due to active body movements are suppressed at the first central stage of vestibular processing. Second, I demonstrate that the internal model underlying the suppression of vestibular reafference adapts such that vestibular neurons regain the ability to suppress vestibular reafference in conditions when the relationship between motor commands and the actual head movements are altered. My findings strongly suggest that indeed the internal model used to predict the sensory consequences of motor commands is quickly updated when faced with new relationships between expected and actual sensory feedback.Finally, I examine the role that the cerebellum plays in the encoding of passive versus active motion. I found that in the passive condition, neurons in the rostral fastigial nucleus (FN) encode two separate representations of motion; half the neurons encode head motion and the other half encodes body motion. The neurons in the rostral FN that encode body movements provide the first neuronal correlate for the perception of body motion. Then I address how vestibular information is processed by the rostral FN during active movements. We found that neurons in the vestibular cerebellum were attenuated during active head and body motion and demonstrate for the first time that the primate cerebellum explicitly encodes the detailed time course of exafference. Taken together the results in this thesis provide firm evidence that vestibular reafference is suppressed during active head and body motion by a mechanism that compares the brain's internally generated expectation of the consequences of voluntary movements with the actual incoming sensory information.<br>Nos systèmes sensoriels doivent continuellement faire la différence entre des sensations dues aux événements extérieurs (exaférence) et des sensations provoquées par nos propres actions (réafférence). Faire la différence entre ces deux types de stimuli est essential pour permettre une perception et un control moteur précis. Cette distinction est possible, au niveau du système vestibulaire, grâce au fait qu'une prédiction des conséquences sensorielles de la commande motrice évaluée par un modèle interne est comparée avec le retour sensorielle réel; si la prédiction du model interne est similaire au retour sensoriel, le signale vestibulaire est supprimé; si ils sont différent, le signal vestibulaire n'est pas altéré. Les études présentées dans cette thèse ont pour but de comprendre ce mécanisme fondamental. Plus particulièrement, je cherche a établir 1- les règles qui gouvernent la suppression des réafférences vestibulaire, 2- l'adaptabilité du modèle interne qui sous-tend la suppression des réafférences vestibulaire et 3- le rôle du cervelet vestibulaire dans le processus de différentiation des mouvements actif et passif.Premièrement, j'ai montré que déranger le retour sensoriel pendant un mouvement actif perturbe la capacité des neurones vestibulaire centraux à supprimer les réafférences vestibulaire. Plus précisément, quand le retour proprioceptif est perturbé pendant un mouvement actif, le retour vestibulaire n'est plus supprimé. De plus, j'ai démontré que le retour vestibulaire due à des mouvements du corps est aussi supprimé au premier niveau central du traitement vestibulaire.Deuxièmement, j'ai démontré que le model interne sous-tendant la suppression des réafférences vestibulaire s'adapte pour que les neurones vestibulaire retrouvent leur capacité à supprimer les réafférences vestibulaire dans des conditions ou la relation entre la commande motrice et le mouvement de la tète sont perturbé. Mes résultats suggèrent fortement que le model interne utilisé pour prédire les conséquences sensorielles de la commande motrice est rapidement mis a jour quand il est en présence de nouvelles relations entre retour sensoriel attendu et réel. Finalement, je me suis intéressé au rôle que joue le cervelet pour encoder les mouvements passif et actif. J'ai trouvé qu'en condition passive, les neurones du noyau rostral de fastigial (FN rostral) encodent deux représentations différentes du mouvement; la moitié des neurones encodent les mouvements de la tète et l'autre moitié encode les mouvements du corps. Les neurones du FN rostral qui encodent les mouvements du corps fournissent le premier corrélat neural de la perception des mouvements du corps. Puis j'aborde la question de comment l'information vestibulaire est traite par le FN rostral pendant les mouvements actifs? Nous avons trouvé que la réponse des neurones dans le cervelet vestibulaire est atténuée pendant les mouvements actifs de la tète et du corps. Cela démontre pour la première fois que le cervelet des primates encode les exafférences.Dans leur ensemble les résultats de cette thèse fournissent des évidences solides en faveur de la suppression des réafférences vestibulaire pendant les mouvements actifs de la tète et du corps. Cette suppression est possible grâce à un mécanisme qui compare les prévisions des conséquences d'un mouvement volontaire générées par le cerveau avec le retour sensoriel réel.
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Good, Daniel A. "Error Processing and Naturalistic Actions Following Moderate-to-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2013. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3804.

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Moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (M/S TBI) can affect an individual's ability to perform daily tasks. For example, individuals with M/S TBI are more likely to commit errors on tasks such as making a meal or wrapping a present. The neural processes involved in such errors are poorly understood. Studies suggest that neurophysiologic markers of cognitive control and error processing may be helpful in gaining additional insight into errors on naturalistic action tasks. Unfortunately, previous experimental methods left a methodological gap which limited the use of neurophysiological markers in the study of naturalistic action. Several recent studies in healthy adults have suggested one method of bridging the gap by having individuals observe another person's errors. The current study was the first study to employ the method in a TBI population as a possible means of gaining additional insight into the detrimental effects of M/S TBI on the performance of naturalistic actions. In order to gain additional insight into the effects of M/S TBI on the completion of naturalistic tasks I used two neurophysiologic markers of cognitive control and error processing. They were the observer error related negativity (oERN) and the P300 components of the scalp-recorded event-related potential (ERP). I hypothesized that individuals with M/S TBI would demonstrate error-specific changes in the two oERN and P300 that would correlate with self-reported difficulties in daily functioning. The study consisted of two experiments. One compared 15 individuals with M/S TBI to 17 demographically similar healthy controls on an error related naturalistic action based picture task. The second compared an overlapping sample of 16 individuals with M/S TBI to 16 demographically similar controls as they watched a confederate complete the Erikson flanker task, a commonly used task in the study of electrophysiological markers. Accuracy (error vs. correct) and group (M/S TBI vs. control) effects were analyzed using 2 x 2 repeated measures ANOVAs on ERP amplitude and latency. Pearson product-moment correlations were calculated to evaluate the relationship between the P300 and oERN and measures of self-reported executive functioning (Frontal Systems Behavior Scale, FrSBe) and neuropsychological measures. Findings supported a difference between the control and M/S TBI groups in how errors were processed during the naturalistic actions based picture task. There was an interaction between group membership and response accuracy (error vs. correct) on P300 amplitude and P300 latency. Controls demonstrated reduced P300 amplitude and latency on error trials compared to correct trials. Individuals with M/S TBI did not demonstrate a significant difference between correct trials and error trials on P300 amplitude and latency. The amplitude and latency of the P300 were correlated with self-reported functional difficulties in individuals with M/S TBI but not control participants. A Fisher's r -- z analysis indicated that correlations differed significantly between groups; however, an outlier was identified in the correlational data. Removal of the outlier data led to non-significant results in the Fisher's r -- z analysis. Taken together, results of the picture task supplied evidence that for individuals with M/S TBI differences in neurophysiologic markers between groups could be explained by reduced adaptation to complexity or by possible deficits in a secondary error processing pathway for complex errors. Future research could focus on better defining the functional relationship between P300 amplitude and latency and increased errors in naturalistic actions following M/S TBI. Observation of the flanker task did not elicit oERN waveforms from either healthy controls or from individuals with M/S TBI. The results could be due to problems with the current task, but also raised some concerns about previous studies using the flanker task which employed a slightly different methodology requiring participants to count errors. The current study did not require participant to count errors. As a whole, the study supplied partial support for using electrophysiological markers of error processing to gain additional understanding increased errors in the performance of naturalistic actions following M/S TBI.
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Handl, Andrea. "World of faces, words and actions : Observations and neural linkages in early life." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för psykologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-281242.

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From the start of their lives, infants and young children are surrounded by a tremendous amount of multimodal social information. One intriguing question in the study of early social cognition is how vital social information is detected and processed and how and when young infants begin to make sense of what they see and hear and learn to understand other people’s behavior. The overall aim of this thesis was to provide new insights to this exciting field. Investigating behavior and/or neural mechanisms in early life, the three different studies included in this thesis therefore strive to increase our understanding on perception and processing of social information. Study I used eye-tracking to examine infants´ observations of gaze in a third-party context. The results showed that 9-, 16- and 24-month-old infants differentiate between the body orientations of two individuals on the basis of static visual information. More particularly, they shift their gaze more often between them when the social partners face each other than when they are turned away from each other. Using ERP technique, Study II demonstrated that infants at the age of 4 to 5 months show signs of integrating visual and auditory information at a neural level. Further, direct gaze in combination with backwards-spoken words leads to earlier or enhanced neural processing in comparison to other gaze-word combinations. Study III, also an EEG investigation, found that children between 18 and 30 months of age show a desynchronization of the mu rhythm during both the observation and execution of object-directed actions. Also, the results suggest motor system activation when young children observe others’ mimed actions. To summarize, the findings reported in this thesis strengthen the idea that infants are sensitive to others´ gaze and that this may extend to third-party contexts. Also, gaze is processed together with other information, for instance words, even before infants are able to understand others’ vocabulary. Furthermore, the motor system in young children is active during both the observation and imitation of another person’s goal-directed actions. This is in line with findings in infants, children and adults, indicating that these processes are linked at neural level.
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Noonan, MaryAnn Philomena. "Linking actions to outcomes in the frontal lobe." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e1bcccd1-2182-4f1d-94bd-b80ce67efb0e.

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Behaviour is guided by accumulated experience, valuation and comparison. While many aspects associated with these functions are mediated by the frontal lobes, the precise contribution from particular regions remains debated. This thesis will deal with how an organism comes to select an option and will specifically focus on the role of the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) in two mechanisms in this process: learning of outcome specificities and selecting between multiple options based on their expected values. Despite evidence emphasizing anatomical and connective heterogeneity within this structure, the OFC is often regarded as a uniform region. This thesis aims to resolve some of this uncertainty by assuming that the medial and lateral regions of the OFC contribute differentially to learning and decision-making. Two distinct methodologies were used in these investigations. First, the contribution of the medial OFC to social and emotional processing was examined. The findings from this study disprove previously held beliefs that the medial regions of the OFC guide social and emotional behaviours, but indicted a role for this region in value-guided decision-making. The second study examined functional differences between the lateral and medial OFC by making circumscribed lesions to either region in macaque monkeys. The animals performed a number of 3-armed bandit tasks which were designed to investigate different aspects of value assignment and comparison. The results show that while lateral OFC was required for "credit assignment" – the correct assignment of values to visual cues – medial OFC was critical for comparison of the cues' values during decision-making. In unchanging probabilistic environments, mOFC lesions induced decision-making impairments when value comparison was difficult without affecting credit assignment and associative learning. By contrast, lateral OFC lesions caused the opposite pattern of impairment. The final study used human-neuroimaging techniques to investigate the differential representation of outcome-specific contingency learning and found not only that the expectation of a unique outcome facilitated learning and memory recall but that this was supported by a neural network which included the lateral regions of the OFC and the anterior cingulate cortex. Activity in the mOFC did not correlate with outcome-specific contingency learning but instead reflected both the value associated with the receipt and expectation of a reward. Taken together, the results from this thesis suggest that specific parts of the OFC make markedly different contributions to these very different cognitive functions.
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Metzler, Hannah. "The influence of bodily actions on social perception and behaviour : assessing effects of power postures." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS287/document.

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Les postures corporelles signalant domination ou soumission servent une fonction de communication chez les humains et d’autres animaux. La question de savoir si l'adoption de telles "postures de pouvoir" influence la perception et le comportement de l'agent fait actuellement l'objet d'un débat. Le travail réalisé pendant cette thèse consistait à explorer les effets de ces postures sur des comportements étroitement liés à leur fonction primaire, à savoir la communication sociale, en se focalisant sur les réponses aux visages, signaux sociaux particulièrement saillants. Dans une série d'expériences, j'ai utilisé des méthodes de corrélation inverse pour visualiser les représentations mentales de traits préférés du visage. Les représentations mentales des visages préférés implicitement et explicitement évoquaient une impression affiliative et légèrement dominante, mais ne révélaient aucun effet reproductible des postures. Deux autres expériences distinctes ont étudié les effets de la posture sur la perception d’expressions faciales menaçantes et sur les comportements d'approche ou d'évitement en réponse à ces signaux. Bien que les postures n'aient pas d’influence sur la reconnaissance explicite d’expressions faciales menaçantes, elles ont un impact sur les décisions d'approcher ou d'éviter des signaux de menace. Plus précisément, l'adoption d'une posture de soumission augmentait la tendance à éviter les personnes exprimant la colère. Enfin, une tentative de réplication des effets des postures sur les niveaux de testostérone et de cortisol a démontré que même l'adoption répétée d'une posture de pouvoir en contexte social ne provoque pas de changements hormonaux. Dans l'ensemble, ces résultats suggèrent que notre posture corporelle n’influence pas nos représentations mentales et notre perception des autres individus, mais pourrait influencer nos actions en réponse aux signaux sociaux<br>Expansive and constrictive body postures serve a primary communicative function in humans and other animals by signalling power and dominance. Whether adopting such “power postures” influences the agent’s own perception and behaviour is currently a subject of debate. In this PhD thesis, I explored effects of adopting power postures on behaviours closely related to the postures’ primary function of social signalling by focusing on responses to faces as particularly salient social signals. In a series of experiments, I utilized reverse correlation methods to visualize mental representations of preferred facial traits. Mental representations of implicitly as well as explicitly preferred faces evoked an affiliative and slightly dominant impression, but revealed no replicable effects of power postures. Two further separate experiments investigated posture effects on the perception of threatening facial expressions, and approach vs. avoidance actions in response to such social signals. While postures did not influence explicit recognition of threatening facial expressions, they affected approach and avoidance actions in response to them. Specifically, adopting a constrictive posture increased the tendency to avoid individuals expressing anger. Finally, an attempt to replicate posture effects on levels of testosterone and cortisol demonstrated that even repeatedly adopting a power posture in a social context does not elicit hormonal changes. Altogether, these findings suggest that our body posture does not influence our mental representations and perception of other people’s faces per se, but could influence our actions in response to social signals
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Spasic, Nemanja. "Anomaly Detection and Prediction of Human Actions in a Video Surveillance Environment." Thesis, University of Cape Town, 2007. http://pubs.cs.uct.ac.za/archive/00000449/.

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World wide focus has over the years been shifting towards security issues, not in least due to recent world wide terrorist activities. Several researchers have proposed state of the art surveillance systems to help with some of the security issues with varying success. Recent studies have suggested that the ability of these surveillance systems to learn common environmental behaviour patterns as wells as to detect and predict unusual, or anomalous, activities based on those learnt patterns are possible improvements to those systems. In addition, some of these surveillance systems are still run by human operators, who are prone to mistakes and may need some help from the surveillance systems themselves in detection of anomalous activities. This dissertation attempts to address these suggestions by combining the fields of Image Understanding and Artificial Intelligence, specifically Bayesian Networks, to develop a prototype video surveillance system that can learn common environmental behaviour patterns, thus being able to detect and predict anomalous activity in the environment based on those learnt patterns. In addition, this dissertation aims to show how the prototype system can adapt to these anomalous behaviours and integrate them into its common patterns over a prolonged occurrence period. The prototype video surveillance system showed good performance and ability to detect, predict and integrate anomalous activity in the evaluation tests that were performed using a volunteer in an experimental indoor environment. In addition, the prototype system performed quite well on the PETS 2002 dataset 1, which it was not designed for. The evaluation procedure used some of the evaluation metrics commonly used on the PETS datasets. Hence, the prototype system provides a good approach to anomaly detection and prediction using Bayesian Networks trained on common environmental activities.
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Flatters, Sarah Jane Louise. "The effect of nerve injury on the spinal and peripheral actions of galanin and interleukin-6 on sensory processing." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268771.

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Münster, Katja [Verfasser], Pia [Akademischer Betreuer] Knoeferle, and Stavros [Akademischer Betreuer] Skopeteas. "Effects of emotional facial expressions and depicted actions on situated language processing across the lifespan / Katja Münster ; Pia Knoeferle, Stavros Skopeteas." Bielefeld : Universitätsbibliothek Bielefeld, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1121187595/34.

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Decroix, Jérémy. "Dynamics of processing of visual kinematics and goal-related information during the recognition of object directed actions : behavioural and neurophysiological evidence." Thesis, Lille 3, 2020. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/EDSHS/2020/2020LIL3H005.pdf.

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Les actions sont des mouvements complexes dirigés vers un but. En dépit du fait que ces buts ne soient pas directement visibles, nous parvenons, en tant qu’observateur, à les identifier et à les anticiper avec succès. Dans cette thèse, nous avons identifié deux approches pour expliquer comment, en tant qu’observateur, nous parvenons à reconnaitre les actions d’autrui. Les approches sensorimotrices considèrent la reconnaissance des actions d’autrui comme une propagation ascendante de la perception des gestes à la reconnaissance des buts. Les gestes sont vus ici comme la principale source d’information à partir de laquelle le but de l’acteur peut être extrait. A l’opposé, les approches prédictives considèrent que l’observateur ne peut pas comprendre les gestes de l’autre sans préalablement prédire son but probable. L’observateur doit donc extraire le but probable de l’action à partir d’autres sources d’information pour le guider dans son traitement des gestes observés. Les connaissances sur le traitement dynamique des gestes observés d’une part et des informations sur le but d’autre part sont critiques pour dissocier ces deux approches et pour permettre une meilleure compréhension des mécanismes qui sous-tendent la reconnaissance des actions d’autrui. Néanmoins, les données empiriques dans cette direction manquent cruellement. Afin de combler cette lacune, nous nous sommes intéressés à la priorité donnée aux gestes observés relativement à celle donnée aux informations sur le but lors de la reconnaissance des actions d’autrui. La contribution des informations sur le geste observé et sur le but a été évaluée indépendamment grâce à l’introduction de violation de geste et/ou de but dans des photographies d’actions dirigées vers des objets. Grâce à des méthodes comportementales (amorçage et tâche de recherche visuelle), nous avons constaté que les informations liées au but sont priorisées durant les premiers stades du traitement visuel des actions, alors que les informations liées aux gestes observés sont priorisées durant les derniers stades du traitement visuel des actions. Grâce à des méthodes neurophysiologiques (potentiels évoqués et stimulation magnétique transcrânienne), nous avons observé que si les deux types d’information sont décodées dès les stades perceptifs du traitement des actions, c’est le traitement informations sur le but (et non sur le geste) qui guide les étapes sémantiques du traitement des actions. Nous apportons par ailleurs des arguments justifiant de l’implication critique du réseau fronto-pariétal dans l’intégration des deux sources d’information. Enfin, nous montrons que la tendance à donner plus d’importance aux informations sur le but relativement à celles sur les gestes observés dépend de caractéristiques individuelles. Dans l’ensemble, les données rapportées ici sont en accord avec les approches prédictives de la reconnaissance des actions. Ces résultats sont discutés à la lumière d’un faisceau d’arguments qui suggèrent que les gestes observés sont utilisés pour mettre à jours des prédictions sur le but de l’acteur, elles-mêmes préalablement dérivées d’autres sources d’informations. Nos données nous amènent finalement à envisager une approche pluraliste de la reconnaissance des actions observées, avec un ensemble de stratégies dont l’usage varie en fonction des situations et des individus<br>Actions are complex, goal-directed, movements, and despite being hidden in the actor’s mind, observers successfully identify and anticipate actor’s goal. In this thesis, we identified two main approaches to explain how observers recognise others’ actions. Sensorimotor approaches consider action recognition as bottom-up propagation from the perception of visual kinematics to the recognition of action goals. Visual kinematics are viewed here as the primary source of visual information from which goal-related information is extracted. In contrast, predictive approaches assume that observers cannot make sense of visual kinematics without a prediction about the actor’s goal. Observers would extract goal-related information from non-motor sources of information to guide the processing of the visual kinematics. Information about the temporal dynamics of activation of visual kinematics and goal-related information during action visual processing is critical to disentangle the two approaches and to provide a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying action recognition, but empirical data in this direction are clearly lacking. In order to fill this gap, we investigated the relative priority given to visual kinematics versus non-motor goal-related information during the recognition of others’ actions. The contribution of visual kinematics and non-motor goal-related information was independently evaluated by introducing violations of grip and/or visual goal in photographs of object-directed actions. Using behavioural methods (priming and visual-search paradigms), we demonstrated that non-motor goal-related information was prioritised over visual kinematics during the first steps of visual action processing, whereas visual kinematics were prioritised over goal-related information later during visual action processing. Using neurophysiological methods (event-related potential and transcranial magnetic stimulation priming paradigms), we found that both visual kinematics and non-motor goal-related information are already processed during the perceptual stages of action processing, but that action semantic processing is guided by goal-related information rather than visual kinematics. We further provide evidence supporting the critical involvement of the frontoparietal network in the later integration of visual kinematics and non-motor goal-related information. We finally showed that the priority given to non-motor goal-related information over visual kinematics during action visual processing depends on individual social characteristics. Together, the findings reported are consistent with predictive approaches of action recognition. Results are discussed in the light of converging evidence suggesting that visual kinematics are used to update goal predictions that have been previously derived from non-motor goal-related information. Yet findings further orient towards a pluralist view of action understanding, in which the strategies used to process others’ actions may vary depending on situations and individuals
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Books on the topic "Actions processing"

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United States. Office of Personnel Management. The guide to processing personnel actions: Operating manual. 2nd ed. U.S. Office of Personnel Management, 1994.

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Jalote, P. Atomic actions in concurrent systems. Dept. of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1985.

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Division, United States General Accounting Office Accounting and Information Management. Customs Service modernization: Actions initiated to correct ACE management and technical weaknesses. The Office, 1999.

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United States. General Accounting Office. Accounting and Information Management Division. Customs Service modernization: Actions initiated to correct ACE management and technical weaknesses. The Office, 1999.

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Dombroff, Mark A. Litigation organization and management. 2nd ed. Prentice Hall Law & Business, 1991.

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United States. General Accounting Office. Accounting and Information Management Division. Food and Drug Administration: Status of actions to address property control weaknesses. The Office, 1999.

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United States. General Accounting Office. Accounting and Information Management Division. Food and Drug Administration: Status of actions to address property control weaknesses. The Office, 1999.

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Levin, B. M. EXITT - a simulation model of occupant decisions and actions in residential fires: Users guide and program description. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards, 1987.

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S, Land Douglas, and Wilmer, Cutler & Pickering., eds. Wilmer, Cutler & Pickering manual on litigation support databases. Wiley Law Publications, 1987.

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Siemer, Deanne C. Wilmer, Cutler & Pickering manual on litigation support databases. 2nd ed. Wiley Law Publications, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Actions processing"

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Özeroğlu, Burak, and Ediz Şaykol. "Counting Human Actions in Video During Physical Exercise." In Neural Information Processing. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26561-2_59.

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Szulc, Marcin, Jakub Łyskawa, and Paweł Wawrzyński. "A Framework for Reinforcement Learning with Autocorrelated Actions." In Neural Information Processing. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63833-7_8.

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Alahari, Karteek, and C. V. Jawahar. "Discriminative Actions for Recognising Events." In Computer Vision, Graphics and Image Processing. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11949619_49.

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Bietenholz, Wolfgang, Norbert Eicker, Andreas Frommer, Thomas Lippert, Björn Medeke, and Klaus Schilling. "A Preconditioner for Improved Fermion Actions." In Euro-Par’99 Parallel Processing. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-48311-x_145.

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Williamson, Julie R., and Stephen Brewster. "Capturing Performative Actions for Interaction and Social Awareness." In Mobile Social Signal Processing. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54325-8_6.

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de Brock, Bert. "Declarative Semantics of Actions and Instructions." In Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52306-0_20.

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Ermolayev, Vadim, Natalya Keberle, Wolf-Ekkehard Matzke, and Richard Sohnius. "Fuzzy Time Intervals for Simulating Actions." In Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-78942-0_42.

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Pérez-Ramírez, Miguel, and Chris Fox. "Imperatives as Obligatory and Permitted Actions." In Computational Linguistics and Intelligent Text Processing. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-36456-0_6.

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Gardner, Ross M., and Donna R. Krouskup. "Actions of the Initial Responding Officer." In Practical Crime Scene Processing and Investigation. CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315170596-3.

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Lu, Zhicheng, Yuk Ying Chung, Henry Wing Fung Yeung, Seid Miad Zandavi, Weiming Zhi, and Wei-Chang Yeh. "Using Hidden Markov Model to Predict Human Actions with Swarm Intelligence." In Neural Information Processing. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70093-9_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Actions processing"

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Roy, Debaditya, C. Krishna Mohan, and K. Sri Rama Murty. "Action Recognition Based on Discriminative Embedding of Actions Using Siamese Networks." In 2018 25th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icip.2018.8451226.

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Hausmann, Steffen, and François Bry. "Towards complex actions for complex event processing." In the 7th ACM international conference. ACM Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2488222.2488261.

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Zhang, Hong-Bo, Song-Zhi Su, Shao-Zi Li, Duan-Sheng Chen, Bineng Zhong, and Rongrong Ji. "Seeing actions through scene context." In 2013 Visual Communications and Image Processing (VCIP). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vcip.2013.6706382.

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Farhadi, Hamid, Ping Du, and Akihiro Nakao. "Enhancing OpenFlow actions to offload packet-in processing." In 2014 16th Asia-Pacific Network Operations and Management Symposium (APNOMS). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/apnoms.2014.6996603.

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Wang, Liang, and Debin Zhao. "Recognizing actions using salient features." In 2011 IEEE 13th International Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing (MMSP). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mmsp.2011.6093832.

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Park, Song Jun, and Dale Shires. "Learning optimal actions with imperfect images." In Real-Time Image Processing and Deep Learning 2019, edited by Nasser Kehtarnavaz and Matthias F. Carlsohn. SPIE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2518921.

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Sharma, Bishwajit, KS Venkatesh, and Amitabha Mukerjee. "Fourier shape-frequency words for actions." In 2011 IEEE International Conference on Image Information Processing (ICIIP). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iciip.2011.6108939.

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Kilickaya, M., and Z. Telatar. "Recognizing human actions from still images." In 2013 21st Signal Processing and Communications Applications Conference (SIU). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/siu.2013.6531181.

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Dawar, Neha, and Nasser Kehtarnavaz. "Continuous detection and recognition of actions of interest among actions of non-interest using a depth camera." In 2017 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icip.2017.8297079.

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Radulescu, Bogdan Alexandru, and Victorita Radulescu. "Model of Human Actions Recognition Based on 2D Kernel." In ASME 2021 30th Conference on Information Storage and Processing Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isps2021-65031.

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Abstract Action Recognition is a domain that gains interest along with the development of specific motion capture equipment, hardware and power of processing. Its many applications in domains such as national security and behavior analysis make it even more popular among the scientific community, especially considering the ascending trend of machine learning methods. Nowadays approaches necessary to solve real life problems through human actions recognition became more interesting. To solve this problem are mainly two approaches when attempting to build a classifier, either using RGB images or sensor data, or where possible a combination of these two. Both methods have advantages and disadvantages and domains of utilization in real life problems, solvable through actions recognition. Using RGB input makes it possible to adopt a classifier on almost any infrastructure without specialized equipment, whereas combining video with sensor data provides a higher accuracy, albeit at a higher cost. Neural networks and especially convolutional neural networks are the starting point for human action recognition. By their nature, they can recognize very well spatial and temporal features, making them ideal for RGB images or sequences of RGB images. In the present paper is proposed the convolutional neural network architecture based on 2D kernels. Its structure, along with metrics measuring the performance, advantages and disadvantages are here illustrated. This solution based on 2D convolutions is fast, but has lower performance compared to other known solutions. The main problem when dealing with videos is the context extraction from a sequence of frames. Video classification using 2D Convolutional Layers is realized either by the most significant frame or by frame to frame, applying a probability distribution over the partial classes to obtain the final prediction. To classify actions, especially when differences between them are subtle, and consists of only a small part of the overall image is difficult. When classifying via the key frames, the total accuracy obtained is around 10%. The other approach, classifying each frame individually, proved to be too computationally expensive with negligible gains.
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Reports on the topic "Actions processing"

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Beranich, S., N. Berger, D. Bierley, et al. Environmental assessment of remedial action at the inactive uraniferous lignite processing sites at Belfield and Bowman, North Dakota. [UMTRA Project]. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6302456.

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Bolton, Laura. Criminal Activity and Deforestation in Latin America. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.003.

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This review examines evidence on criminal deforestation activity in Latin America (particularly, but not exclusively the Amazon) and draws from the literature on the lessons learned in combatting criminal deforestation activity. This review focuses on Brazil as representative of the overwhelming majority of literature on criminal activity in relation to deforestation in the Amazon. The literature notes that Illegal deforestation occurs largely through criminal networks as they have the capacity for coordination, processing, selling, and the deployment of armed men to protect operations. Bribery, corruption, and fraud are deeply ingrained in deforestation. Networks may bribe geoprocessing experts, police, and public officials. Members of the criminal groups may become council members, mayors, and state representatives. Land titles are fabricated and trading documentation fraudulent. The literature also notes some interventions to combat this criminal deforestation activity: monitoring and law enforcement; national systems for registry and monitoring; legal enforcement for compliance of environmental law; International agreements and action; and Involving indigenous communities in combatting deforestation.
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Author, Not Given. Remedial action plan and site design for stabilization of the inactive uranium processing site at Naturita, Colorado. Appendix A of Attachment 3, Calculations: Preliminary final. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10184968.

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US Department of Energy response to standards for remedial actions at inactive uranium processing sites: Proposed rule. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6290066.

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Radiological surveillance of Remedial Action activities at the processing site, Falls City, Texas. Final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/31661.

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Final audit report of remedial action construction at the UMTRA Project, Grand Junction, Colorado, processing site. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/71315.

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Environmental assessment of remedial action at the Naturita uranium processing site near Naturita, Colorado: Revision 5. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10104657.

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Environmental assessment of remedial action at the Naturita Uranium Processing Site near Naturita, Colorado. Revision 4. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10162240.

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Environmental assessment of remedial action at the Naturita Uranium processing site near Naturita, Colorado. Revision 1. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10184936.

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Environmental assessment of remedial action at the Naturita uranium processing site near Naturita, Colorado. Revision 3. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10128081.

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