Academic literature on the topic 'Action observation therapy'
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Journal articles on the topic "Action observation therapy"
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Nedelko, Violetta, Thomas Hassa, Farsin Hamzei, Mircea Ariel Schoenfeld, and Christian Dettmers. "Action Imagery Combined With Action Observation Activates More Corticomotor Regions Than Action Observation Alone." Journal of Neurologic Physical Therapy 36, no. 4 (December 2012): 182–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/npt.0b013e318272cad1.
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Newman, Christopher John. "Action observation therapy: handle with caution?" Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology 58, no. 10 (April 6, 2016): 998–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/dmcn.13128.
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Lebon, Florent, Aymeric Guillot, Christian Collet, and Charalambos Papaxanthis. "Perception, Observation et Action." Movement & Sport Sciences 89, no. 3 (2015): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/sm.089.0043.
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Goldberg, Carly, and Dawn Nilsen. "Action Observation: A Systematic Review." American Journal of Occupational Therapy 74, no. 4_Supplement_1 (August 1, 2020): 7411520488p1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5014/ajot.2020.74s1-po6717.
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Palomo-Carrión, Rocío, Juan Carlos Zuil-Escobar, Myriam Cabrera-Guerra, Paloma Barreda-Martínez, and Carmen Belén Martínez-Cepa. "Mirror Therapy and Action Observation Therapy to Increase the Affected Upper Limb Functionality in Children with Hemiplegia: A Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 3 (January 25, 2021): 1051. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18031051.
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The movements of the affected upper limb in infantile hemiplegia are slower and clumsy. This leads to a decrease in the use of the affected hand. The visual effect obtained using the mirror box and the observation of actions in another individual can activate the same structural neuronal cells responsible for the execution of these actions. This research will study the affected upper limb functionality in hemiplegia infantile from 6 to 12 years old after the application of two intervention protocols: observation action therapy and mirror therapy combined with observation action therapy. Children with a diagnose of congenital infantile hemiplegia will be recruited to participate in a randomized controlled trial with two intervention protocols during four weeks (1 h per/day; 5 sessions per/week): Mirror Therapy Action Observation (MTAO) or Action Observation Therapy (AOT). The study variables will be: spontaneous use, measured with the Assisting Hand Assessment (AHA); manual ability measured with the Jebsen Taylor Hand Function Test (JTHFT); surface electromyography of the flexors and extensors muscles of the wrist and grasp strength through a grip dynamometer. Four assessments will be performed: At baseline situation, at the end of treatment, 3 and 6 months after treatment (follow-up assessments). This study will study the effects of these therapies on the use of the affected upper limb in children with hemiplegia.
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IWASAKA, Yuji. "Body Position during Action Observation Facilitates Motor Imagery." Rigakuryoho Kagaku 35, no. 1 (2020): 63–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1589/rika.35.63.
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Holmes, Paul, Dave Collins, and Claire Calmels. "Electroencephalographic functional equivalence during observation of action." Journal of Sports Sciences 24, no. 6 (June 2006): 605–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02640410500244507.
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Alsamour, Marie, Maxime Gilliaux, Anne Renders, Thierry Lejeune, Gaëtan Stoquart, and Martin Gareth Edwards. "Does observation of a disabled child's action moderate action execution? Implication for the use of Action Observation Therapy for patient rehabilitation." Cortex 107 (October 2018): 102–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2017.11.003.
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Hsieh, Yu-Wei, Yu-Hsuan Lin, Jun-Ding Zhu, Ching-Yi Wu, Yun-Ping Lin, and Chih-Chi Chen. "Treatment Effects of Upper Limb Action Observation Therapy and Mirror Therapy on Rehabilitation Outcomes after Subacute Stroke: A Pilot Study." Behavioural Neurology 2020 (January 2, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6250524.
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Background. Action observation therapy and mirror therapy, two promising rehabilitation strategies, are aimed at enhancing the motor learning and functional improvement of stroke patients through different patterns of visual feedback and observation. Objective. This study investigated and compared the treatment effects of the action observation therapy, mirror therapy, and active control intervention on motor and functional outcomes of stroke patients. Methods. Twenty-one patients with subacute stroke were recruited in this study. All patients were randomly assigned to the action observation therapy, mirror therapy, or active control intervention for 3 weeks. Outcome measures were conducted at baseline, immediately after treatment, and at 3-month follow-up. The primary outcome was the Fugl-Meyer Assessment, and secondary outcomes included the Box and Block Test, Functional Independence Measure, and Stroke Impact Scale. Descriptive analyses and the number of patients whose change score achieved minimal clinically important difference were reported. Results. Both the action observation therapy and active control intervention showed similar improvements on the Fugl-Meyer Assessment, Box and Block Test, and Stroke Impact Scale. Moreover, the action observation therapy had a greater improvement on the Functional Independence Measure than the other 2 groups did. However, the mirror therapy group gained the least improvements on the outcomes. Conclusion. The preliminary results found that the patients in the action observation therapy and active control intervention groups had comparable benefits, suggesting that the 2 treatments might be used as an alternative to each other. A further large-scale study with at least 20 patients in each group to validate the study findings is needed. This trial is registered with NCT02871700.
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Liepert, J., J. Greiner, and C. Dettmers. "Motor excitability changes during action observation in stroke patients." Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine 46, no. 5 (2014): 400–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.2340/16501977-1276.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Action observation therapy"
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Griffin, Christine Elisabeth. "The feasibility of action observation combined with repetitive task practice on upper limb outcomes in moderately impaired chronic stroke survivors." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1595342020635852.
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Ateba, ndongo Francis. "Traitement antirétroviral précoce des nourrissons infectés par le VIH-1 : évaluation de la réponse virologique à court et moyen termes dans un pays d’Afrique sub-saharienne (Cameroun) Could caregiver reporting adherence help detect virological failure in Cameroonian early treated HIV-infected infants Virological response to early combined antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected infants: evaluation after 2 years of treatment in the PEDIACAM study, Cameroon Low Birth Weight in Perinatally HIV-Exposed Uninfected Infants: Observations in Urban Settings in Cameroon Feasibility of Routinely Offering Early Combined Antiretroviral Therapy to HIV-infected Infants in a Resource-limited Country: The ANRS-PediaCAM Study in Cameroon Different factors associated with loss to follow-up of infants born to HIV-infected or uninfected mothers: observations from the ANRS12140-PEDIACAM study in Cameroon Cytomegalovirus infection in HIV-infected versus non-infected infants and HIV disease progression in Cytomegalovirus infected versus non-infected infants early treated with cART in the ANRS 12140—Pediacam study in Cameroon." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS322.
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Introduction : Depuis 2015, l’OMS recommande la mise sous traitement antirétroviral systématique de tous les enfants infectés par le VIH pour réduire la mortalité précoce liée au VIH chez les nourrissons en l’absence de traitement. Cependant, malgré la disponibilité des tests de dépistage et des médicaments antirétroviraux, l’initiation précoce de ces traitements reste un défi majeur dans les pays à ressources limitées. L’étude ANRS 12140-PEDIACAM est mise en place pour évaluer la faisabilité, l’efficacité et la tolérance en routine du traitement précoce des enfants infectés par le VIH au Cameroun. Objectifs : Les objectifs de cette thèse visaient à étudier la mortalité et la réponse virologique à deux et quatre ans après l’initiation précoce d’un traitement antirétroviral chez les nourrissons infectés par le VIH, et à identifier les facteurs associés à l’obtention et au maintien d’un succès virologique.Méthodes : Les analyses ont porté sur les 190 enfants infectés par le VIH traités avant l’âge de 1 an (médiane=4 mois), inclus dans les trois sites cliniques du Cameroun participant à la cohorte prospective ANRS PEDIACAM initiée en 2007. La première étude a évalué les performances d’un critère basé sur le nombre de doses manquées de traitement rapporté dans un questionnaire d’observance pour dépister un échec virologique chez les nourrissons. La seconde étude portait sur l’estimation de la fréquence et des facteurs associés à l’obtention d’un succès virologique et à la mortalité à deux ans du traitement, utilisant un modèle de survie à risque compétitif. La troisième concernait l’évolution de la réponse virologique entre 2 et 4 ans du traitement selon le statut virologique obtenu à deux ans.Résultats : Les performances du questionnaire d’observance administré à l’accompagnant du nourrisson s’avèrent limitées, avec une valeur prédictive positive trop faible pour dépister un échec virologique en l’absence de charge virale disponible. La mortalité reste élevée à un an du traitement précoce (18,0% [IC95% : 13,0 - 24,0]). Elle est de 3,3% [IC95% : 0,4 - 6,2] entre 2 et 4 ans de traitement. La probabilité d’atteindre au moins un succès virologique avant 2 ans de traitement est de 80% environ, mais celle d’obtenir une suppression virologique maintenue sur au moins 6 mois n’est que de 67% au seuil de 1000 copies/mL, et de 60% au seuil de 400 copies/mL. A 4 ans du traitement initial, la proportion de charge virale contrôlée (<400 copies/mL) est de 75,2% [68,3-82,1]) chez les 144 enfants toujours vivants et suivis, mais pour 12% la charge virale n’a pas été mesurée. Le seul facteur associé significativement au succès virologique dans les 2 ans du traitement initial est la bonne observance rapportée par l’accompagnant. Et seuls un succès virologique obtenu à 2 ans et l’initiation plus récente du traitement antirétroviral sont associés à un charge virale contrôlée à 4 ans.Conclusion : Même si l’intérêt du traitement précoce des nourrissons infectés par le VIH est démontré, le succès virologique à moyen et long terme passe par des stratégies favorisant l’administration quotidienne soutenue des médicaments et une surveillance régulière de la réponse virologique. L’évaluation de l’observance par questionnaire présente une trop faible performance pour dépister précocement un échec virologique. Il est urgent de donner un accès large à la mesure de la charge virale en routine dans les pays à ressources limitées pour dépister rapidement les échecs virologiques chez les enfants recevant un traitement antirétroviralIntroduction: Since 2015, the WHO recommends to start antiretroviral treatment promptly in all HIV-infected children in order to reduce HIV related mortality. Despite increasing availability of screening tests and antiretroviral drugs, early initiation of antiretroviral treatment (ART) remains challenging in resource-limited countries. The ANRS 12140-Pediacam study assesses feasibility, effectiveness and tolerability in routine practice of early treatment of HIV-infected children in Cameroon. Objectives: The objectives of this thesis are to study mortality and virologic response at 2 and 4 years of early initiation of ART in HIV-infected infants and identify factors associated with virologic success. Methods: The analysis concerned the 190 HIV-infected infants who have initiated ART no later than 1 year (median=4 months) and were enrolled in the 3 Cameroon clinical sites involved in the PEDIACAM prospective cohort study since 2007. The first study evaluated adherence criterium based on the number of missed doses as reported through an adherence questionnaire in oerder to detect virologic failure in infants. The second study concerned the evaluation of the frequency and the factors associated with virologic success and mortality at 2 years of ART initiation, using competing risk regression. The third study concerned the evolution of virologic response between 2 and 4 years of QRT initiation depending on virologic status achieved at 2 years of ART initiation. Results: The performances of adherence questionnaire administered to the infant's caregiver are limited; the positive predictive value is low for detecting virologic failure in the absence of viral load exam. The mortality is high at 1 year after early ART initiation (18.0% [95% CI: 13.0 – 24.0]). The mortality is 3.3% [95%CI: 0.4 – 6.2] between 2 and 4 years of ART initiation. The probability of achieving at least once virologic success within the first 2 years of ART is around 80.0% but the probability of maintaining virologic success for at least 6 months was 67% for threshold=1000 copies/mL and 60% for threshold=400 copies/mL. At 4 years of ART initiation, the proportion of virologic success (viral load<400 copies/mL) is 75.2% [68.3-82.1]) in the 144 children still alive among whom viral load exam was not performed. The only factor associated with virologic success at 2 years of ART initiation is good adherence as reported by the caregiver. Et seuls un succès virologique obtenu à 2 ans et l’initiation plus récente du traitement antirétroviral sont associés à un charge virale contrôlée à 4 ans.Conclusion: Although the interest of early ART in HIV-infected infants is demonstrated, the mid and long term virologic success pass through strategies enhancing supporting steady and daily administration of drugs and regular monitoring of virologic response. The steady evaluation of adherence as reported by questionnaire has a very low performance for early detecting virologic failure. It is urgent to widely get access to routine viral load exam in resource-limited countries for quickly detecting virologic failures in children receiving antiretroviral treatment
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Zhu, Jun Ding, and 朱俊鼎. "A Comparative Study of Action Observation Therapy and Mirror Therapy on Motor Function and Neural Mechanisms After Subacute Stroke: A Case Series." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7dwphm.
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碩士長庚大學
職能治療學系
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Introduction: Stroke is an important health issue worldwide. Patients with stroke commonly have unilateral upper-limb (UL) motor impairments which result in long-term dependence of patients. Action observation therapy (AOT) is a new rehabilitation approach based on the mechanism of mirror neuron system (MNS). During AOT, patients were asked to observe the actions performed by another healthy person in the videos and imitate the actions intentionally. Mirror therapy (MT) is another recent prominent rehabilitation intervention. MT required patients to look at the reflection of the unaffected hand in the mirror and imagine it as the affected one, which is known as mirror visual feedback. Both AOT and MT apply different patterns of visual feedback but involve motor observation and imagery and share some similar neural bases of MNS. However, their effectiveness in stroke rehabilitation is equivocal. Therefore, there were two purposes of this study. The first study aim was to investigate and compare treatment effects between AOT and MT on UL motor function measured by clinical scales in patients with subacute stroke. The second aim was to examine neural mechanisms between action observation related task and mirror related task by using the Magnetoencephalography (MEG). Methods: Eleven participants were recruited in this study to receive AOT or MT intervention for 60 minutes per day, 5days per week for 3 weeks. The clinical outcomes were selected based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Body functions level was assessed by the upper-limb subscale of Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA-UL), Box and Block Test (BBT) and revised Nottingham Sensory Assessment (rNSA). The Activity and Participation levels were assessed by the Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT), Functional Independence Measure (FIM), Motor Activity Log (MAL) and physical function domains of Stroke Impact Scale (SIS). Mann-Whitney U test was applied to evaluate the treatment effects between the 2 groups. Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test was applied to examine within-group changes. In the MEG experiment, four participants were recruited to execute 6 conditions in action observation related task and mirror related task. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to examine the differences on the beta oscillation activity with different conditions of the 2 tasks. Mann-Whitney U test was used for the post hoc analysis. Results: There were 6 participants randomly assigned to the AOT group and 5 participants assigned to the MT group. The AOT group significant improved on the total score (p = .05) and distal part score (p = .04) of the FMA-UL and BBT (p = .05). Besides, the AOT also improved on the WMFT-Time (p = .03), the total score (p = .03) and motor subscale (p = .03) of FIM, MAL-AOU (p = .03), MAL-QOM (p = .03), and hand function subscale (p = .04) and physical domains (p = .05) of the SIS. MT could significantly enhance on the WMFT-FAS (p = .04), the total score (p = .04) and motor subscale (p = .04) of FIM, MAL-AOU (p = .04), MAL-QOM (p = .04), and hand function subscale (p = .04) of the SIS. In addition, the results of MEG recordings showed significant differences in different conditions of action observation related task (p = .03). The post hoc analysis showed that the beta oscillation activities of “combined video and action” (p = .03) and “action only” (p = .03) conditions had significant decline compared to the “resting” condition. The beta oscillation activity of “combined video and action” condition decreased more compared with the activity of “action only” and “video only” conditions, although no statistically significant differences were found between these conditions. The comparison of beta oscillation activity among in the conditions of mirror related task also showed significant difference (p = .04). In the comparison between “mirror” condition and “no mirror” condition, there was no significant difference (p = .69). Further, no significant difference of beta oscillation activity was found in “combined video and action” condition compared with “mirror” condition (p = .49). Conclusion: Both AOT and MT improved UL motor function and daily function in patients with subacute stroke. AOT have more improvement on UL motor function than MT. The findings of MEG suggested that both action observation and mirror conditions can facilitate activation of primary motor cortex in patients with subacute stroke. Further studies to enroll more participants and administer a follow-up assessment are suggested.
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Chen, Yu I., and 陳有毅. "Treatment effects of incorporating motor imagery into action observation therapy in patients with subacute stroke: A preliminary study." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/hkfuqz.
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Lin, Yu Hsuan, and 林妤嬛. "Effects of Action Observation Therapy on Upper-Extremity Motor Function and Daily Performance in Patients with Subacute Stroke: A Pilot Study." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/r82835.
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Beani, Elena. "Quantitative measures of spontaneous and intervention-induced perceptual-motor development in children with neurodevelopmental disorders." Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1129166.
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Neurodevelopmental disorders encompass a group of clinical heterogeneous conditions with onset in the developmental period and Cerebral Palsy is one of the most common ones. Early diagnosis is crucial for make an early intervention possible and incisive. This, together with progresses in medicine and evidence-based paradigm highlighted the importance of the standardization of measures, both for assessment and rehabilitative purposes. In clinical practice, both for research and clinical aims, there is an increasing interest in finding standardized outcome measures. In parallel, improvements in engineering provide more devices able to extract quantitative data from measurement.
Starting from the needs, new technological outcome measures have been designed and validated.
This thesis shows the application of technology in two main fields, that are quantitative assessment and rehabilitative proposal for infants and children.
The first part is focused on infant eye and head movements, presenting the design, the development and preliminary testing of a new system for measuring infant’s gaze in the wide visual field, which demonstrates its possible applicability to young infants, providing quantitative data which can enrich the clinical assessment.
The second part is focused on infants with neurodevelopmental disorder and presented CareToy H, that is a biomechatronic gym aimed to measure and promote infants’ development. This modular system has been used for home rehabilitation of infants at risk for developing a cerebral palsy and its components (in particular ,toys) was designed and empirically evaluated as a non-invasive tool capable of monitoring infants’ manipulation capabilities in a quantitative way directly at home by means of a simple and easy to use setup.
A RCT study on the effects of a home-based early intervention with the CareToy system has been conducted and a total of 41 preterm infants participated to this study, confirming that CareToy system can provide effective home-based early intervention.
Then, a pilot study with a small population of infants with Down Syndrome open the possibility to include also this population in future projects with this system.
The third part of this thesis is focused on quantitative assessment of upper limb use in children with typical development and with neurodevelopmental disorders by inertial sensors. In details, a systematic review introduces the use of sensors for the assessment of upper limb. Moreover, the validation of Actigraphs (wereable inertial sensors) have been conducted in 50 children with unilateral cerebral palsy and 50 healthy peers or detecting asymmetries in the use of upper limbs.
Finally, an innovative approach is presented, that is Action Observation Therapy, based on Mirror Neurons System, which is combined with technology in an RCT currently ongoing from which a pilot study is presented. In these studies, the Tele-UPCAT system (a platform for the observation of videos and a kit of object for replicate actions) is used and preliminary data are very promising and confirm findings of previous literature.
This thesis aims to highlight the increasing need of quantitative tools for assessment and rehabilitative purposes, demonstrating that the union between medicine and engineering could overcome the lack of standardized measure.
We are just entered in the period of change in this sense, and there's a long road ahead, but this work aims to represent a milestone for the quantitative measures of spontaneous and intervention-induced perceptual-motor development in children with neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Lötter, Lizelle. "Narratiewe pastorale versorging saam met kinders in laerskole: `n ondersoek na die etiese dilemmas van "Loosit" as `n relevante, evangelies-kontekstuele model." Diss., 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/579.
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Text in AfrikaansLoosit is a pastoral care model which may be applied to primary school children in South Africa and the use thereof is explored in this research project. Loosit consists of a series of plays as well as a discipleship program. These plays, humoristic yet contextually relevant to children, are done on a set resembling school toilets. Children are encouraged to write to the leading character, Uncle Jani Tor, and to post the letters in the `toilet` post box. Themes focused on in this project are problems with friends, social pressure, problems in the family and death. There is a specific focus on the ethics of Loosit as a model of pastoral care applicable to children.
Practical Theology
M. Th. (Practical Theology)
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Christodoulou, Esther. "Narrative reflections on charismatic discursive practices." Diss., 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/991.
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The purpose for this research journey was twofold: (1) to discover the power of certain discourses in the charismatic church context and (2) to challenge disrespectful discursive practices in order to co-operate respectful, ethical and caring ways of being. Seven leaders in charismatic churches committed themselves to this qualitative research project. The research process resulted in a confirmation by the participants that some charismatic discursive practices can be abusive and also to the acknowledgement that they too have at times fulfilled the role of abuser, even in unknowingly. This research journey ended in Hope. Hope for more transparency and trust between leaders and members, resulting in more respectful practices.Practical Theology
M.Th. (Pastoral Therapy)
Books on the topic "Action observation therapy"
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Hermans, Greet. Effects of Insulin and Glycaemic Management on Neuromuscular Function. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199653461.003.0042.
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Observational studies have indicated an association between stress-induced hyperglycaemia and neuromuscular complications in critically ill patients. This observation is further supported by electrophysiological findings from two randomized controlled trials which suggested that titrating insulin therapy to achieve a normal blood glucose has a beneficial effect on neuromuscular function, associated with a reduced need for prolonged mechanical ventilation. The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms explaining these clinical observations are not well understood. There is no clear evidence that insulin has anabolic effects on muscle nor that it provides mitochondrial protection. It is possible that the effect of insulin therapy reflects a protective action on peripheral nerves; however, this hypothesis awaits confirmation. Overall, the potential benefits on neuromuscular function must be considered in light of large-scale randomized trials which demonstrate equivalent or worse outcome in critically ill patients managed with intensive insulin therapy.
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Fichtner, Alexander, and Franz Schaefer. Acute kidney injury in children. Edited by Norbert Lameire. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0239.
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In the past few decades, the overall incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in paediatric patients has increased and the aetiological spectrum has shifted from infection-related and intrinsic renal causes towards secondary forms of AKI related to exposure to nephrotoxic drugs and complex surgical, oncological, and intensive care manoeuvres. In addition, neonatal kidney impairment and haemolytic uraemic syndrome continue to be important specific paediatric causes of AKI raising unique challenges regarding prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. The search for new biomarkers is a current focus of research in paediatric as in adult AKI research.Pharmacological intervention studies to prevent or attenuate AKI have provided positive evidence only for the prophylactic use of theophylline in severely depressed neonates, whereas dopamine and loop diuretics did not demonstrate any efficacy. Preliminary findings support a dose-dependent renoprotective action of fenoldopam in infants undergoing cardiac surgery.Critical issues in the management of AKI in children include fluid handling, maintenance of adequate nutrition, and the choice of renal replacement therapy modality. Observational studies have suggested an adverse impact of fluid overload and late start of renal replacement therapy, and a randomized clinical trial revealed detrimental effects of aggressive fluid bolus therapy in volume-depleted children.Technological advances have made it possible to apply continuous replacement therapies in children of all ages, including preterm neonates, using appropriately sized catheters, filters, tubing, and flow settings adapted to paediatric needs. However, the majority of children with AKI worldwide are still treated with peritoneal dialysis, and comparative studies demonstrating superiority of extracorporeal techniques over peritoneal dialysis are lacking.The outcomes of paediatric AKI are comparable to adult patients. In critically ill children, mortality risk increases with each stage of AKI; mortality rates typically range between 15% and 30% for all AKI stages and 30% to 60% in children requiring renal replacement therapy. Chronic kidney disease develops in approximately 10% of children surviving AKI.
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Van Den Meerssche, Dimitri. The World Bank's Lawyers. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192846495.001.0001.
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Abstract The World Bank’s Lawyers provides an original socio-legal account of the evolving institutional life of international law. Informed by oral archives, months of participant observation, interviews, legal memoranda and documents obtained through freedom-of-information requests, it tells an untold story of the World Bank’s legal department between 1983 and 2016. This is a story of people and the beliefs they have, the influence they seek and the tools they employ. It is an account of the practices they cling to and how these practices gain traction, or how they fail to do so, in an international bureaucracy. Inspired by Actor-Network Theory, relational sociologies of association and performativity theory, this ethnographic exploration multiplies the matters of concern in our study of international law(yering): the human and non-human, material and semantic, obscure and evasive actants that tie together the fragile fabric of legality. In tracing these threads, this book signals important changes in the conceptual repertoire and materiality of international legal practice, as liberal ideals were gradually displaced by managerial modes of evaluation. It reveals a world teeming with life—a space where professional postures and prototypes, aesthetic styles and technical routines are woven together in law’s shifting mode of existence. This history of international law as a contingent cultural technique enriches our understanding of the discipline’s disenchantment and the displacement of its traditional tropes by unexpected and unruly actors. It thereby inspires new ways of critical thinking about international law’s political pathways, promises and pathologies, as its language is inscribed in ever-evolving rationalities of rule.
Book chapters on the topic "Action observation therapy"
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Mosna, Paolo, Stefano E. Lenzi, Stefano Lazzarini, Massimiliano Gobbo, Monica Angelini, Riccardo Buraschi, Stefano Negrini, et al. "An Integrated Rehabilitation Platform Based on Action Observation Therapy, Mixed Reality and Wearable Technologies." In Biosystems & Biorobotics, 239–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70316-5_39.
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Nakano, Hideki, and Takayuki Kodama. "Motor Imagery and Action Observation as Effective Tools for Physical Therapy." In Neurological Physical Therapy. InTech, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/67519.
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Langer, Jaroslav, Monika Šorfová, and David Ravnik. "Possibility of Using a VR System as an Action Observation Therapeutical Technique." In Neurorehabilitation and Physical Therapy [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.105579.
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In recent years, 3D virtual reality (VR) systems are increasingly finding their way into biomedical applications. Nevertheless, in most cases a 3D VR is being used as an interactive system (such as Xbox Kinect or Playstation VR). These interactive systems, however effective they may have proven, not only limit use of 3D VR in patients incapable to engage in these systems due to their physical or mental disability, but also put significant requirements on medical institutions for an equipment, medical personal, and therefore institutional budget. In this article, we are proposing a 3D VR as an stand-alone action observation training device, which could limit requirements associated with abovementioned interactive systems due to its capability to stimulate a mirror neuron system of human brain, while adding minimal demands on both patient and medical facility. Research studies that confirm activity in the motor cortex will be described. We focus on the literature that describes theories, models, and experimental studies dealing with the effects of motion observations that are involved in the control and final performance of motor skills.
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Plata-Bello, Julio. "The Study of Action Observation Therapy in Neurological Diseases: A Few Technical Considerations." In Neurological Physical Therapy. InTech, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/67651.
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Zhao, Qing, Lingjing Jin, Lin Ma, Tingting Sun, and Mengdie Zhou. "Current Rehabilitation Therapies in Parkinson’s Disease." In Parkinson’s Disease - Animal Models, Current Therapies and Clinical Trials [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.107237.
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Rehabilitation is one of the important non-pharmacological interventions for Parkinson’s disease (PD). At the time of diagnosis, an appropriate exercise regimen can be prescribed based on the patient’s symptoms. Rehabilitative therapies should be continued throughout the disease course. This chapter summarized the standard specifications and research progression on PD from perspectives of assessment and treatment of rehabilitation. The physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech-language therapy, and neuromodulation therapy are the focus of the introduction. Accurate and comprehensive functional assessment is the premise of rehabilitation plan. Various approaches are used individually or in combined targeted at one or more dysfunction. Although there is still no consensus about the optimal approach about intensity, the frequency of treatment sessions, and complexity, rehabilitation is proved to be able to induce short-term, but clinically important benefits, particularly for gait and balance. The rehabilitative program for PD should be targeted to practicing and learning specific activities in the core areas and be tailored to the individual patients’ characteristics. In addition to improving patient’s performance, environmental modification and alleviation of caregivers are also included in rehabilitation intervention. Innovative techniques have been recently proposed: virtual reality and exergaming, motor imagery and action observation, robot-assisted physiotherapy, and nonconventional therapies.
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Williamon, Aaron, Jane Ginsborg, Rosie Perkins, and George Waddell. "Observations." In Performing Music Research, 85–108. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198714545.003.0004.
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Chapter 4 of Performing Music Research examines three different types of observation: (1) participant observation, in which the investigator has a dual role, acting as both participant and researcher, thereby placing value on the insights gained through an “insider” perspective on the phenomenon under observation; (2) semi-structured observational methods, typically used when a researcher wants to observe specific behaviors as more of an “outsider” but also wishes to retain an element of open-ended enquiry; and (3) quantitative, structured observational research, which relies on a more objective and detached observation of predetermined categories. Throughout, the chapter considers the advantages of each of these methods and the challenges they pose.
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Pettorelli, Nathalie. "Understanding satellite remote sensing." In Satellite Remote Sensing and the Management of Natural Resources, 1–19. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198717263.003.0001.
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This chapter seeks to provide a quick introduction to satellite remote sensing. It starts with a set of definitions, thereby to explain the differences between Earth observations, remote sensing, and satellite remote sensing. It then goes on to describe how satellite remote sensing works, and what the differences between passive and active sensors are. An introduction to the main sensors currently on board active civilian Earth observation satellites is provided, together with details on their key specifications. The complex nature of satellite data, as well as the tools required to manipulate and analyse them are discussed. The chapter ends with a presentation of the main issues to be aware of when dealing with satellite data, and a look at the coming sensors and datasets that will soon expand opportunities for satellite data to inform environmental management.
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Fink MD, Max. "How Does ECT Work?" In Electroconvulsive Therapy. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195365740.003.0014.
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The major puzzle in ECT is its mechanism of action. How do seizures, which can be dangerous and damaging when they occur spontaneously, change a dysfunctional brain into one that performs normally? Why do repeated epileptic seizures relieve psychiatric disorders? The originator of the therapy, Ladislas Meduna, believed in a biological antagonism between mental illness and seizures, an antagonism we no longer consider credible. But though we may smile at this belief, we acknowledge that it led Meduna to devise methods to induce seizures safely, select patients who were likely to benefit, develop a plan for a successful course of treatments, demonstrate the safety of inducing seizures, evaluate the merits and risks of seizures as treatment, and convince others to continue his work. His observations have been repeatedly verified, leaving little doubt about the effectiveness of ECT in treating mental illnesses. We know a great deal about the essential features of a successful course of ECT. The generalized brain seizure is the central therapeutic event. The biochemical and physiological consequences of the seizure are the basis for the behavioral effects; neither anesthesia nor electric current alone is useful, nor, except rarely, is a single seizure. To be of benefit, seizures must be repeated two or three times a week for many weeks. The more recent the mood, thought, or movement disorder, the more fully it can be relieved. Illnesses involving lifelong problems, character pathology, neuroses, and the mood disorders secondary to the abuse of drugs are not amenable to this treatment. We know how to avoid the risks of anoxia, unmodified convulsions, and prolonged seizures, and we recognize that these aspects of the treatment course do not explain how ECT works. Two aspects of the brain seizure have been extensively studied. The EEG records electrical activity of the brain under electrodes that are symmetrically placed over the scalp. Immediately after the stimulus, the “seizure” EEG is recorded on a moving strip. The electrical waves show a sharp buildup of frequencies and amplitudes, then the frequencies slow, mixtures of slow brain waves and sharp spike-like waves appear, with ever higher amplitudes and slower waves in runs and bursts.
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Phee, Lynette, and David Wareham. "Detecting Antimicrobial Resistance." In Tutorial Topics in Infection for the Combined Infection Training Programme. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198801740.003.0056.
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● To optimize antimicrobial therapy for the management of individual patient’s infection. ● For surveillance purposes, which in turn inform local/national/international clinical guidelines. ● For the management of infection control and prevention. Broadly speaking, resistance is detected by observing its phenotypic expression (activity of the candidate drug(s) against the target bacterium) or detecting the underlying genotypic determinant (resistance genes). Commonly used methods in clinical diagnostic laboratories generally fall under the ‘phenotypic’ category. These share similar traits— ease of use, reproducibility, scalability, quick turnaround of results and relative low cost of materials/reagents required. Moreover, decades of experience and fine-tuning have seen them established as methods of choice in most microbiology laboratories. Most phenotypic test methods are reliant on the use of clinical breakpoints set by national and international bodies (e.g. EUCAST and CLSI) to determine susceptibility/resistance. These guidelines are regularly subject to updates with input from leading experts and latest research findings. It is important for clinical diagnostic laboratories to adhere to best practice guidance set out by these bodies and keep up-to-date with the latest guidelines. Growth characteristics (on artificial media) of the bacterium of interest are extremely important in conventional phenotypic methods. As this presents a big obstacle for slow growers and ‘unculturable’ pathogens (e.g. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycoplasma spp.) it has led to the introduction of genotypic methods of resistance detection in the clinical diagnostic laboratory. meteoric rise in the world of microbiology. Compared with conventional phenotypic methods, molecular genotypic-based tests are better suited for automation and reduce dependence on skilled workers for result interpretation. They therefore deliver the rapid turnaround demanded by modern medicine. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests (ASTs) is a term used to describe a range of phenotypic methods that employ direct observation of the action of antimicrobials against a target microorganism. This is the most commonly used method in clinical diagnostic laboratories for detecting resistance in bacteria. A. Disc diffusion Growth medium: Standardized agar plates (usually unsupplemented, but addition(s) may be necessary for bacteria with specific growth requirements). Antibacterial component: Fixed dose in standard size circular paper discs or tablets.
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Gardner-McTaggart, Alexander. "Arendt, IB Leadership, and Global Citizenship Education." In Educational Reform and International Baccalaureate in the Asia-Pacific, 342–67. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-5107-3.ch018.
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This chapter explores how the IB operationalises a critical education through its senior school leadership against a backdrop of privilege. It draws upon original interview and observation of six directors in world leading schools. It finds that leadership understands itself as a powerful catalyst for an IB Global Citizenship Education (GCE). However, IB international schools emerge as strongholds of white Anglo-Europeanism with endemic issues of inequity in staffing and thinking which privilege white expatriate staff and continue to reinforce Anglo superiority through an uncritical cosmopolitan education. By deploying the theory of Arendt, this chapter finds the schools struggle to initiate progressive action worthy of their IB mission due to a focus on words over action by appeasing wealth over challenging injustice. The chapter suggests more modelling and less talk of IB and Eastern values and recommends international educators should begin by tackling the injustices and inequities of the international schools themselves, thereby modelling critical thinking in action.
Conference papers on the topic "Action observation therapy"
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Calcagno, A., S. Coelli, F. Temporiti, S. Mandaresu, R. Gatti, M. Galli, and A. M. Bianchi. "Action Observation Therapy Before Sleep Hours: An EEG Study." In 2022 44th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc48229.2022.9871733.
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Tubele, Sarmite. "Personalized Content in the Intervention Process – a Key to the Success in Speech Therapy for Pre-Schoolers." In 80th International Scientific Conference of the University of Latvia. University of Latvia Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/htqe.2022.66.
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The paper is devoted to reveal the importance and necessity of the personalizd content for a child in the intervention process in speech therapy. Every child is special and unique; his interests and desires are important for speech therapist. Child has to be an active participant in speech therapy sessions. His strengths are the basement for the development. New knowledge for pre-schoolers is formed on the basis of the existing knowledge; it needs to be purposefully developed by teachers and this can be done if a child is engaging in the learning process. The active participation of a child in speech therapy sessions increases the child’s motivation and attachment to the task to be performed, thus contributing to a faster and more effective result. This research is topical according to the tendencies in teaching-learning and due to the education processes in pre-school. The aim of the study is to reveal the possibility to find effective approach in speeech therapy sessions for the pre-schoolers using materials interesting for them. Methods used are: literature review, questionnaire for parents and observation of children in speech therapy sessions. Theoretical background is not only the personalized content; it is linked also with speech therapy, intervention process and children participating in speech therapy sessions. Main findings reveal the improvement of the pronunciation of pre-school children and besides the satisfaction and good mood during all observed speech therapy sessions.
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Stamatova, Elena, and Jens Kaasboll. "Users’ Learning of Principles of Computer Operations." In InSITE 2007: Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3101.
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In order to develop computer competence, users need to understand principles of its operation in addition to memorizing where a particular operation is located in menus. Understanding a principle ease transfer of learning, hence the understanding helps learning a new application. These principles, e.g. functional dependency, are based in computer science, and are thereby precise and general. Two cycles of the Action-Process-Model (Aharoni, 2000) of learning abstract concepts are used to characterize the learning process of such principles. Observations and tests of students in a high school show discrimination errors and forgetting already in the first of six stages of learning. Nevertheless, the majority of the students arrived at the fourth stage of learning functional dependency. In order to improve learning, teachers need to provide both intermediate and general concepts so that the learners can verbalize their actions and hence improve their understanding.
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Pengo, V., M. J. Heine, P. Thiagarajan, and s. s. Shapiro. "A GENERAL MECHANISM FOR LUPUS ANTICOAGULANTS." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643660.
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Although- a number of observations have implied that lupus anticoagulants have immunologic specificity towards anionic. phospholipids, thereby prolonging phospholipid-dependent coagulation tests, this assumption has been directly demonstrated in only one patient with a monoclonal IgM paraprotein. We have tested the generality of this hypothesis directly by isolating five IgG lupus anticoagulants from patients with lupus-like syndromes and/or thrombosis. IgG lupus anticoagulant fractions were isolated free of other plasma proteins and free of contaminating phospholipid by adsorption to and elution from cardiolipin-cholesterol-dicetylphosphate liposomes , followed by chromatography on protein A-Sepharose. Cardiolipin liposomes, but not phosphatidylcholine liposomes, were capable of removing all, or nearly all, lupus anticoagulant activity from patient plasma. Anticardiolipin and lupus anticoagulant activity were both present in acidic fractions on isoelectric focusing. F(ab’)2 fragments retained lupus anti coagulant activity and bound to cardiolipin in an ELISA assay. The affinity-purified IgG preparations reacted with cardiolipin, phosphatidyl serine , phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidic acid, but not with phosphatidylcholine or phosphatidyl ethanol amine, and inhibited calcium-dependent binding of prothrombin and of factor X to phosphatidy1serine-coated surfaces. These data demonstrate a general mechanism for the action of lupus anticoagulants: antibodies that have immunologic specificity towards anionic phospholipids, thereby blocking the calcium-mediated binding of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors to coagulation-active phospholipid surfaces.
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Urzeala, Constanta, and Mihaela Vlaiculescu. "TELEMEDICINE AND PHYSICAL EXERCISE FOR THE CHILD WITH DIABETES." In eLSE 2016. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-16-241.
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This paper is a case study that highlights our concern for increasing the quality of life of the child with diabetes, using telemedicine devices. The central objective is to emphasize the efficiency of the Omnipod wireless insulin pump in the case of a child who, together with the diabetes care team, appropriately manages this metabolic disease and whose treatment also includes physical exercise. Our interest is oriented towards proving the effects derived from the practice of physical exercises on decreasing the amount of insulin administered during the days when the child participates in motor activities, through computerized monitoring. The research was conducted at the Bucharest DiabNutriMed Clinic of Diabetes, from September to November 2015. As research methods, we used: bibliographic study, observation, case study. Data were collected using the computerized DEXCOM Platinum G4 continuous glucose monitoring devices, the Omnipod wireless insulin pump and their related software programs, and the Diasend platform for downloading the data. We present the case of a child with diabetes who has been using a wireless insulin pump since June 2015. We mention that this child is included in the target group of the project sponsored by Vodafone, "Telemedicine and the insulin-dependent child", obtained by the DiabNutriMed Clinic,which aims to introduce advanced technology, with sensors for continuous glucose monitoring, 24hours a day, which eliminates the need for daily injections to measure the glucose levels. During our study, the child participated regularly in physical exercise programs, three times a week, outside the school schedule, practicing activities such as swimming and dynamic games. Information about the child's glucose level and its evolution trend was sent to a web platform and visualized in real time by the family and the diabetes physician, who provided guidance on treatment. According to the indications, the family could remotely administer insulin using the wireless insulin pump with remote control, while the child was carrying out educational and recreational activities uninterruptedly. It was found that, during the days of participation in motor activities, the amount of insulin decreased, its administration being even suspended when the child showed a tendency towards persistent hypoglycemia, which is impossible to achieve in the insulin therapy administered with an insulin pen, where, once administered, insulin cannot be stopped any more over its entire duration of action, 4 to 6 hours (for rapid insulin). Recording these beneficial effects of physical exercises on the child with diabetes entitles us to state that the Omnipod wireless insulin pump represents not only an instrument for insulin administration, but also a possibility of individualized management adaptable to the activities of the child from minute to minute, which allows him/her free access to various activities. In conclusion, we consider as efficient the use of telemedicine devices for the child with diabetes, because it facilitates a good control of this disease and brings more hope in his life.
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Hærvig, Jakob, Anna Lyhne Jensen, Marie Cecilie Pedersen, and Henrik Sørensen. "General Observations of the Time-Dependent Flow Field Around Flat Plates in Free Fall." In ASME/JSME/KSME 2015 Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajkfluids2015-12708.
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The free fall trajectories of flat plates are investigated in order to improve understanding of the forces acting on falling blunt objects. The long term goal is to develop a general applicable model to predict free fall trajectories. Numerically the free fall of a flat plate is investigated using a six degrees of freedom (6DOF) solver and a dynamic mesh. To validate the simulation, the trajectories of aluminium plates falling in water are recorded by digital camera recordings and compared to the simulation. The simulation is able to calculate the motion of the plate within each time step with high accuracy, and thereby allowing the whole trajectory to be predicted with fair accuracy. With the numerical model able to predict the free fall and the complex plate fluid interactions, fluids forces can be extracted for model development in future studies.
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Daci, Faton, and Evgeniya Dimitrova. "FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT ON THE PATIENTS WITH SHOULDER IMPINGEMENT." In INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONGRESS “APPLIED SPORTS SCIENCES”. Scientific Publishing House NSA Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37393/icass2022/151.
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ABSTRACT Introduction: The aims of our study were to identify the available functional examination tests (FET) and patient-reported outcome measures (PROM) instruments designed for subacromial impingement, to analyze and evaluate them and to develop a methodology for functional assessment of patients with shoulder impingement. Methods: A comprehensive search for all available FET and PROM and published review articles for subacromial impingement was undertaken on PubMed, PEDRO, Google Scholar, and Physiopedia up to June 2021. All full-text articles reporting evaluation, validation, surgical, and non-surgical treatment outcomes of these subacromial impingement FET and PROM were retrieved and analyzed by us, and a methodology for functional assessment of patients with subacromial impingement was developed. The methodology includes the following methods and tests: patient history, observation, palpation, examination of the movements, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for pain, examination of muscle balance (muscle length and tonus, isometric test, manual muscle testing), goniometry of the shoulder active range of motion (AROM), special tests (Neer test, Hawkins-Kennedy test), Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI). Results And Discussion: For a period of 1 year, we accessed 36 subjects diagnosed with primary shoulder impingement. They were randomly assigned to one of two physiotherapy groups: 1) supervised exercise only, and 2) supervised exercise with manual therapy techniques. Physiotherapy protocol involved twelve treatment sessions over a 6-weeks period. The analysis of the results confirms the positive effect of physiotherapy to decreases in pain, improved function, and increases in shoulder active range of motion. Conclusion: A methodology for functional examination of patients with subacromial impingement allows objective monitoring of the results of physiotherapy. Physiotherapy is effective in reducing pain and improving shoulder function in patients with subacromial impingement.
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Ali, Ruba, Jolly Bhadra, Nitha Siby, and Noora Al-Thani. "From Sports To Science: Designing Sports Products to Experience Science and Engineering." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0268.
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Sports can have a substantial impact on fostering cognitive and non-cognitive skills in youth leading to higher productivity. Its potential to integrate within diverse academic subjects makes it an ideal choice to attract high school students to grasp the emphasis of STEM fields and careers. In the midst of gradual educational reformations in Qatar, a novel sports driven STEM program was launched to derive the competencies in the secondary students and enhance their STEM literacy and aspirations. Sports, being an intrinsic motivator favored by the Qatari students, instigating active participation and inspiration, is integrated to the innovative learning approach, thereby acknowledging the relevance of science to real world applications. The 248 participants from 15 secondary schools actively engaged in the program comprising sports product based scientific workshops and an engineering design challenge, bridging the gap between science and sports. Results implicating the active involvement of the students, manifesting the quintessential 21st century skills in engineering products, were drawn out from mixed methods. Quantitative statistical analysis of pre-post surveys, review of sports products and the substantiating observations of the facilitators successfully validate the application of diverse dispositions in the program. Student attitudes towards STEM fields and careers apparently augmented by virtue of the program outcomes is also interpreted from the analysis.
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Coney, Shun, and Yasunobu Ito. "The production process of films from a relational perspective: A case study of independent films about Parkinson's disease in Japan." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002555.
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The purpose of this paper is to clarify how creativity is produced in filmmaking from a relational perspective. Creativity here refers to the fact that films that contain original ideas and evoke sympathy in the audience are not produced solely through the internal mechanisms of individuals, but rather as a result of the collective actions and activities of various people.In recent years, movies have moved beyond the confines of theaters, and infrastructures such as Amazon Prime and Netflix are rapidly expanding. Against this backdrop, independent Japanese films have been receiving high acclaim overseas. The so-called independent films are not films that come out with huge budgets and a fixed release destination like the major film systems, but films that are planned and produced by the filmmakers themselves without any financial resources. Independent films can have an impact on people despite the risk of completion and release, but their reputation is focused on the director and producer. For this reason, the relationship between actors other than the director and producer in filmmaking is not fully clarified.Filmmaking is a multi-layered and contingent creativity that is created through the long-term interaction of not only the director, producer, and cast, but also various other actors such as equipment, script, and location. While independent films allow for a greater degree of freedom in planning, they are also subject to complexities and volatility, such as difficulties in obtaining financing and differences in the image of the film among the staff, which can prevent the project from proceeding as planned at the outset.The subject of the study is Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and movies about it. PD is an intractable disease for which there is currently no curative treatment, and which causes progressive symptoms such as tremors in the limbs and stiffness in the muscles that interfere with daily life. In order to control the progression of the disease, it is said that regular exercise therapy and rehabilitation are essential, along with daily medication. The film will be produced with the cooperation of the PD Patients Association, which has 8,000 members, and will consist of two parts: a drama about the life of the main character who was diagnosed with PD in his 40s, and a documentary about several PD patients in their 30s to 60s. The research was conducted by one of the authors (a filmmaker) using ethnography: from December 2020 to November 2021, he conducted participant observation of the relationships between the actors involved in the project and the living conditions of the PD parties, and interviewed them. Based on these observations, we conducted a series of interviews. The PD parties who would become the informants and the filmmakers had numerous dialogues. As a result, their social and living environments were unraveled.
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Carroll, Brian, and Carlos Hidrovo. "An Experimental Investigation of Droplet Detachment in High-Speed Microchannel Air Flow." In ASME 2009 Second International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnhmt2009-18491.
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This paper experimentally investigates the mechanism of water droplet detachment in a confined microchannel under highly inertial air flow. Experimental observations show that as the Reynolds number in the channel is increased, the droplet transitions from a nearly spherical droplet to a high aspect ratio slug. Scaling arguments are then made to address this behavior in an order of magnitude sense. These results show that although shear stress at the droplet-air interface may contribute to droplet elongation, the major mechanism of droplet detachment appears to be the pressure drop across the droplet. This pressure drop is a result of a highly inertial air flow being squeezed through a narrow gap between the droplet and the adjacent microchannel wall. This pressure difference creates a force imbalance across the droplet that overcomes the surface tension force pinning the droplet at the injection site, thereby leading to droplet detachment. A formulation of a nondimensional number is then presented that relates the pressure force acting across the droplet to the surface tension force at the droplet wall interface, which indicates that detachment occurs when this number is of order 1.
Reports on the topic "Action observation therapy"
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Wu, Jimin, and chunyu Yuan. Efficacy of action observation therapy on the motor function of lower extremity in stroke patients : a systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.1.0120.
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Yang, Xue, Pan Xu, Jianqi Luo, Ying He, and Liqing Yao. The effectiveness of music associated with action observation therapy in patients with aphasia after stroke：a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.2.0010.
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Schaffer, Arthur, Jack Preiss, Marina Petreikov, and Ilan Levin. Increasing Starch Accumulation via Genetic Modification of the ADP-glucose Pyrophosphorylase. United States Department of Agriculture, October 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2009.7591740.bard.
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The overall objective of the research project was to utilize biochemical insights together with both classical and molecular genetic strategies to improve tomato starch accumulation. The proposal was based on the observation that the transient starch accumulation in the immature fruit serves as a reservoir for carbohydrate and soluble sugar content in the mature fruit, thereby impacting on fruit quality. The general objectives were to optimize AGPase function and activity in developing fruit in order to increase its transient starch levels. The specific research objectives were to: a) perform directed molecular evolution of the limiting enzyme of starch synthesis, AGPase, focussing on the interaction of its regulatory and catalytic subunits; b) determine the mode of action of the recently identified allelic variant for the regulatory subunit in tomato fruit that leads to increased AGPase activity and hence starch content. During the course of the research project major advances were made in understanding the interaction of the small and large subunits of AGPase, in particular the regulatory roles of the different large subunits, in determining starch synthesis. The research was performed using various experimental systems, including bacteria and Arabidopsis, potato and tomato, allowing for broad and meaningful conclusions to be drawn. A novel discovery was that one of the large subunits of tomato AGPase is functional as a monomer. A dozen publications describing the research were published in leading biochemical and horticultural journals. The research results clearly indicated that increasing AGPase activity temporally in the developing fruit increase the starch reservoir and, subsequently, the fruit sugar content. This was shown by a comparison of the carbohydrate balance in near-isogenic tomato lines differing in a gene encoding for the fruit-specific large subunit (LS1). The research also revealed that the increase in AGPase activity is due to a temporal extension of LS1 gene expression in the developing fruit which in turn stabilizes the limiting heterotetrameric enzyme, leading to sustained starch synthesis. This genetic variation can successfully be utilized in the breeding of high quality tomatoes.